EN 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 12

Example 12-01
Winter 2009
Example 12-01
Calculate the anchor point, axial strain and end deflection due to thermal expansion for a buried offshore pipeline
located outside the 500m excursion limit.
DEFINED UNITS
MPa 10
6
Pa := kPa 10
3
Pa := GPa 10
9
Pa := C K := kN 10
3
N :=
PIPELINE SYSTEM PARAMETERS
Nominal Outside Diameter
D
o
273.1mm :=
Initial Selection Nominal Wall Thickness (Sec.5 C203 Table 5-3)
t
nom
9.525mm :=
External Corrosion Protection Coating Thickness
t
cpc
0mm :=
Fabrication Process (Sec.7 B300 Table 7-1) [SMLS, HFW, SAW]
FAB "SMLS" :=
Corrosion Allowance (Sec.6 D203)
t
corr
3mm :=
Elastic Modulus
E 205GPa :=
Specified Minimum Yield Stress (Sec.7 B300 Table 7-5)
SMYS 450MPa :=
Speciifed Minimum Tensile Stress (Sec.7 B300 Table 7-5)
SMTS 535MPa :=
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

T
1.15 10
5
C
1
:=
Poisson's Ratio
0.3 :=
Pipeline Route Length
L
p
2.5km :=
Linepipe Density

s
7850kg m
3
:=
Concrete Coating Thickness
t
c
0mm :=
Concrete Coating Density

c
3050kg m
3
:=
OPERATATIONAL PARAMETERS
API Gravity
API 38 :=
Product Contents Density

cont
1000 kg m
3

141.5
131.5 API +
:=
cont
835m
3
kg =
Design Pressure (Gauge)
P
d
10MPa :=
Design Pressure Reference Level
h
ref
5m :=
Operational Temperature
T
o
100 C :=
Tie-in Temperature
T
ti
40 C :=
Maximum Water Depth
h
l
12 m :=
Seawater Density

w
1025kg m
3
:=
19/02/2009 Page 1 of 5
EN 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 12
Example 12-01
Winter 2009
GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS
Undrained Shear Strength C
u
15kPa :=
Adhesion Factor
soil
0.25 :=
SOIL RESISTANCE PARAMETERS
Soil Axial Restraint per Unit Length (Eqn B-1 ALA 2001)
f D
o
C
u

soil
:= f 3.22 kN m
1
=
19/02/2009 Page 2 of 5
EN 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 12
Example 12-01
Winter 2009
DNV OS-F101 PARTIAL FACTORS AND DESIGN PARAMETERS
Material Strength Factor - Operations (Sec.5 C306 Table 5-6)

U_o
0.96 :=
Wall Thickness Fabrication Tolerance(Sec.7 G307 Table 7-18)
t
fab
0.5mm FAB "SMLS" = t
nom
4mm s . if
0.125 t
nom
FAB "SMLS" = t
nom
4mm > . if
0.125 t
nom
FAB "SMLS" = t
nom
10mm > . if
0.100 t
nom
FAB "SMLS" = t
nom
25mm > . if
3mm FAB "SMLS" = t
nom
30mm > . if
0.4mm FAB "HFW" = t
nom
6mm s . if
0.7mm FAB "HFW" = t
nom
6mm > . if
1.0mm FAB "HFW" = t
nom
15mm > . if
0.5mm FAB "SAW" = t
nom
6mm s . if
0.7mm FAB "SAW" = t
nom
6mm > . if
1.0mm FAB "SAW" = t
nom
10mm > . if
1.0mm FAB "SAW" = t
nom
20mm > . if
:= t
fab
1.2 mm =
Material Derating (Sec.5 C300 Figure 2)
SMYS_o 0MPa T
o
50C < if
T
o
50 C ( )
30MPa
50 C
|

\
|
|
.

(
(

50 C T
o
< 100C < if
30MPa T
o
100 C ( )
40MPa
100 C
|

\
|
|
.
+

(
(

otherwise
:= SMYS_o 30.00 MPa =
SMTS_o 0MPa T
o
50C < if
T
o
50 C ( )
30MPa
50 C
|

\
|
|
.

(
(

50 C T
o
< 100C < if
30MPa T
o
100 C ( )
40MPa
100 C
|

\
|
|
.
+

(
(

otherwise
:= SMYS_o 30.00 MPa =
f
y_o
SMYS SMYS_o ( )
U_o
:= f
y_o
403 MPa =
f
u_o
SMTS SMTS_o ( )
U_o
:= f
u_o
485 MPa =
19/02/2009 Page 3 of 5
EN 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 12
Example 12-01
Winter 2009
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS
PIPELINE GEOMETRIC PROPERTIES
Inside Pipeline Diameter (Operations Case)
D
i_o
D
o
2 t
nom
t
corr
t
fab
( ) := D
i_o
262.4 mm =
Inside Pipeline Radius (Operations Case)
R
i_o
0.5 D
i_o
:= R
i_o
131.2 mm =
Mean Pipeline Radius
R
m
0.5 D
o
t
nom
( ) := R
m
131.8 mm =
External Hydrostatic Pressure
P
e

w
g h
l
:= P
e
0.12 MPa =
HOOP STRESS (THIN WALL THEORY)

h
P
d

cont
g h
ref
h
l
( ) +

D
i_o
P
e
D
o

2 t
nom
t
corr
t
fab
( )
:=
h
246.3 MPa =
DISTANCE TO VIRTUAL ANCHOR POINT
- Equation 9 of Palmer and Ling (1981) OTC4067
- Eqn (12.17) L12 Guidance Note
z
P
d
R
m
2

f
1 2
2 t
nom

P
d
R
m

E
T
T
o
T
ti
( ) +

(
(

:= z 877m =
Virtual Anchor Length Check
z
chk
"VIRTUAL ANCHOR OK" z 0.5 L
p
< if
"RECALCULATE" otherwise
:=
z
chk
"VIRTUAL ANCHOR OK" =
AXIAL END DISPLACEMENT
Eqn (12.19) L12 Guidance Note

end
P
d
R
m

2 E t
nom

1 2 ( )
T
T
o
T
ti
( ) +

(
(

z
f z
2

4 E R
m
t
nom

:=
end
765 mm =
Axial End Displacement [Equation 12 - Palmer and Ling (1981) OTC 4067]

Palmer
R
m
E t
nom

T
T
o
T
ti
( )

f
1
P
d
R
m

1
2

|

\
|
|
.

E t
nom

T
T
o
T
ti
( )
+

(
(
(

2
:=
Palmer
765 mm =
19/02/2009 Page 4 of 5
EN 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 12
Example 12-01
Winter 2009
LONGITUDINAL STRESS
- Eqn (12.16) L12 Guidance Note
Axial Stress (For X <Z)
x
75
0.75 z :=

l_75
P
d
R
m

2t
nom
f
2 R
m
t
nom

x
75
:=
l_75
199.1 MPa =
x
1
1.00 z :=

l_1
P
d
R
m

2t
nom
f
2 R
m
t
nom

x
1
:=
l_1
288.5 MPa =
AXIAL STRESS (FOR X >=Z)

l

P
d
R
m

t
nom
E
T
T
o
T
ti
( ) :=
l
288.5 MPa =
EQUIVALENT STRESS CHECK

eq

h
2

h

l

l
2
+ :=
.eq
463.7 MPa =

eqchk
"EQUIVALENT STRESS OK"
eq
0.9 f
y_o
< if
"INCREASE WALL THICKNESS" otherwise
:=

eqchk
"INCREASE WALL THICKNESS" =
19/02/2009 Page 5 of 5