2 HoangThiLanAnh DTL601 PDF

B GIO DC & O TO
TRNG I HC DN LP HI PHNG
ISO 9001 : 2008
THIT K TRM BTS CA MOBIFONE

TI HI PHNG
N TT NGHIP I HC H LIN THNG
NGNH IN T VIN THNG
HI PHNG-2015
B GIO DC & O TO
ISO 9001 : 2008
THIT K TRM BTS CA MOBIFONE

TI HI PHNG
N TT NGHIP I HC H LIN THNG

NGNH IN T VIN THNG
Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

Ngi hng dn: Th.S Phm c Thun
HI PHNG-2015
HI PHNG 2015
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp T do Hnh phc
----------------o0o----------------B GIO DC & O TO
NHIM V TI TT NGHIP
Sinh vin : Hong Th Lan Anh
M sinh vin : 1213103002
Lp: TL601
Ngnh: in t vin thng
Tn ti: Thit k trm BTS ca MobiFone ti Hi Phng
NHIM V TI
1. Ni dung v cc yu cu cn gii quyt trong nhim v ti tt nghip (v

l lun, thc tin, cc s liu tnh ton v cc bn v).
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2. Cc s liu cn thit thit k, tnh ton.
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3. a im thc tp tt nghip:
CN B HNG DN TI TT NGHIP
Ngi hng dn th nht
H v tn:
Phm c Thun
Hc hm, hc v:
Thc s
C quan cng tc:
Trng i hc Dn lp Hi Phng
Ni dung hng dn:
Ton b ti
Ngi hng dn th hai

H v tn:
Hc hm, hc v:
C quan cng tc:
Ni dung hng dn:
ti tt nghip c giao ngy
Yu cu phi hon thnh trc ngy
thng
nm 2015.
thng
nm 2015.
nhn nhim v: .T.T.N
nhn nhim v: .T.T.N
Sinh vin
Cn b hng dn .T.T.N
Hong Th Lan Anh
ThS. Phm c Thun
Hi Phng, ngy ... thng ... nm 2015

HIU TRNG
GS.TS.NST Trn Hu Ngh
PHN NHN XT TM TT CA CN B HNG DN

1. Tinh thn thi ca sinh vin trong qu trnh lm ti tt nghip.
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2. nh gi cht lng ca .T.T.N (so vi ni dung yu cu ra trong
nhim v .T.T.N, trn cc mt l lun thc tin, tnh ton cc gi tr s
dng, cht lng bn v).
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3. Cho im ca cn b hng dn :
(im ghi bng s v ch)
Ngy thng nm 2015

Cn b hng dn chnh
(K v ghi r h tn)
NHN XT NH GI CA NGI CHM PHN BIN TI

TT NGHIP
1. nh gi cht lng ti tt nghip v cc mt thu thp v phn tch s
liu ban u, c s l lun chn phng n ti u, cch tnh ton cht lng
thuyt minh v bn v, gi tr l lun v thc tin ti.
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2. Cho im ca cn b chm phn bin.
(im ghi bng s v ch)
Ngy thng nm 2015

Ngi chm phn bin
(K v ghi r h tn)
MC LC
LI CM N
DANH MC CC HNH V
DANH MC CC BNG
DANH MC CH VIT TT
LI M U .................................................................................................. 1
CHNG 1 TNG QUAN V MNG DI NG GSM ........................... 3
1.1. GII THIU CHUNG ............................................................................. 3
1.2. TNG QUAN V H THNG IN THOI DI NG T ONG .... 4
1.3. CU TRC C BN CA H THNG GSM..................................... 6
1.3.1. Phn h BSS ......................................................................................... 7
1.3.2. Phn h chuyn mch SS( Switching Subsystem) ............................... 9
1.3.3. Phn h vn hnh v bo dng OMS(Operation & Maintenance
Subsystem): ..................................................................................................... 10
1.4. NG NHP THIT B VO MNG ............................................... 11
1.4.1. S tng qut ................................................................................... 11
1.4.2. Nhim v ca cc khi chc nng ...................................................... 12
1.4.3. Cc trng hp cuc gi trong mng GSM ....................................... 13
1.5. CC DCH V MNG GSM............................................................... 16
1.6. TIN NHN ............................................................................................ 16
1.6.1. Gi tin nhn. ....................................................................................... 17
1.6.2. Nhn tin nhn...................................................................................... 17
1.7. CNG NGH MNG 3G ..................................................................... 18
CHNG 2 TRM BTS - THIT K XY DNG MT TRM BTS
CA MOBIFONE TI THNH PH HI PHNG ............................... 20
2.1. KHI NIM V BTS (BASE TRANSCEIVER STATION)............... 20
2.2. CU TRC CHUNG CA H THNG BTS .................................... 21
2.2.1. Cu trc cc khi chc nng ca BTS ALCATE ............................... 21
2.2.2. Cc khi chc nng chnh ca h thng BTS .................................... 21
2.3. THIT K XY DNG MT TRM BTS CA MOBIFONE TI
THNH PH HI PHNG ........................................................................... 24
2.3.1. Cc yu t cn quan tm trc khi i vo tnh ton ........................... 24
2.3.2. Bi ton thc t ................................................................................... 25

CHNG 3 QUY TRNH LP T MT TRM BTS ........................ 29
3.1. CC QUY TRNH LP T .............................................................. 29
3.1.1. Chun b mt s iu kin c bn trc khi lp t thit b .............. 29
3.1.2. Quy trnh lp t anten v phi ........................................................ 33
3.1.3. Lp t thit b BTS ........................................................................... 38
3.1.4. Quy trnh lp t h thng ngun DC ................................................ 45
3.2. KT QU T C ........................................................................ 51
3.2.1. Nh trm sau khi lp t .................................................................... 51
3.2.2. Cc thit b h tr cho nh trm ......................................................... 51
3.2.3. CC THAM S CN KIM TRA TRONG QU TRNH LP T
TRM BTS ..................................................................................................... 52
KT LUN .................................................................................................... 55
TI LIU THAM KHO ............................................................................ 56
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
LI M U
Trong cuc sng hng ngy, thng tin lin lc ng mt vai tr rt quan
trng v khng th thiu c. N quyt nh nhiu mt hot ng ca x hi,
gip con ngi mau chng nm bt cc thng tin c gi tr v vn ha, khoa
hc k thut, gio dc.
Ngy nay, vi nhu cu ngy cng rt cao v thng tin ca con ngi nn
i hi nhng nh cung cp dch v phi c nhng phng tin hin i
p ng nhu cu ca khch hng mi lc, mi ni. H thng vin thng
ngy nay khng cn qu xa l vi ngi dn Vit Nam, c bit l h thng
thng tin di ng rt ph bin, khng cn gii hn cho nhng ngi c thu
nhp cao nh trc kia m ngy cng tr thnh dch v ph cp cho mi i
tng.
Trong h thng vin thng, truyn dn ng vai tr ht sc quan trng, c
th ni l nn mng cho c h thng. Hin ti mng thng tin di ng c s
dng trn cng ngh GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). Cc
my in thoi di ng c ho mng GSM (H thng thng tin di ng
ton cu) thng qua cc trm BTS (Base transceiver station). Do vy, cc
cng ty vin thng c thnh lp rt nhiu v c nhiu hot ng khc nhau,
trong c Tng Cng ty Vin thng MobiFone - mt cng ty cung cp dch
v uy tn cht lng c cc nh pht trin dch v tin tng v hp tc lu
di.
L mt cn b ang cng tc ti Cng ty Dch v MobiFone khu vc 5 Chi nhnh ca Tng Cng ty Vin thng MobiFone, ti chn ti Thit
k trm BTS ca MobiFone ti Hi Phng lm n tt nghip nng
cao trnh chuyn mn v trau di kinh nghim qu bu cho cng vic trong
tng lai ca bn thn.
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
ti gm 3 chng:
Chng 1.
Chng 2.
Tng quan v mng di ng GSM.

Trm BTS Thit k xy dng mt trm BTS ca
MobiFone ti Thnh ph Hi Phng.
Chng 3.
Quy trnh lp t mt trm BTS.
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
CHNG 1
TNG QUAN V MNG DI NG GSM

1.1. GII THIU CHUNG
Dch v in thoi di ng bt u xut hin cc dng s dng c
vo u nhng nm 1960, khi n ch l cc sa i thch ng ca cc h
thng iu vn. Cc h thng in thoi di ng u tin ny t tin li v
dung lng thp.
Nm 1980 h thng in thoi t ong iu tn s dng k thut a thm
nhp phn chia theo tn s xut hin. Nhng cc h thng t ong tng t
khng th p ng c nhu cu ngy cng tng do c qu nhiu hn ch :
Phn b tn s rt hn ch.
Dung lng thp.
Ting n kh chu v nhiu h thng xy ra khi my di ng dch
chuyn trong mitrng phading a tia .
Khng p ng c cc dch v mi hp dn i vi khch hng.
Khng cho php gim ng k gi thnh ca thit b di ng v c s
h tng
Khng m bo tnh b mt ca cc cuc gi.
Khng tng thch gia cc h thng khc nhau.
Do cn chuyn sang s dng k thut thng tin s cho thng tin di
ng cng vi cc thng tin di ngvi cc k thut a thm nhp mi .Nm
1982 h thng thng tin di ng s s dng k thut a thm nhp phn chia
theo thi gian(TDMA) ra i Chu u c tn l GSM (Global System for
Mobile Communication).
Thng 5/1986 gii php TDMA bng hp c la chn cho dch v
vin thng chung Chu u bng tn 900 Mhz. Nm 1985 cng ngh
CDMA bt u pht trin v phin bn u tin l CDMA IS_95A. Cc mng
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
CDMA c a vo khai thc Hn Quc, HongKong, Argentina,

Brasil,Chile... tng dung lng ca h thng thng tin di ng, tn s cc
h thng ny ang c chuyn t vng 800-900 Mhz vo vng 1,8-1,9 GHz.
S ra i ca loi hnh thng tin di ng s GSM l mt bc nhy vt
ca lnh vc thng tin, n mang li cho ngi s dng nhng li ch khng
th ph nhn c. Cng vi s pht trin ca k thut hin i, s i mi
cng ngh, mng li vin thng ton cu ni chung cng ngy cng i mi
theo chiu hng tch cc, v trong ci chung , lnh vc thng tin di ng
lun cp nht nhng thnh tu khoa hc mi.
GSM
K hiu:
NSS: mng v phn h chuyn mch
BSS: phn h trm gc
OSS: phn h khai thc
MS: trm di ng
Hnh 1.1. Tng quan mng GSM

Hnh 1: Tng quan mng GSM
1.2. TNG QUAN V H THNG IN THOI DI NG T ONG

Ton b vng phc v ca h thng in thoi di ng t ong c chia
thnh nhiu vng nh, gi l cc , mi c mt trm gc ph trch v c
iu khin bi tng i sao cho thu bao vn c th duy tr cuc gi mt cch
lin tc khi di chuyn gia cc .
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Trong h thng in thoi di ng t ong th tn s cc my di ng l

khng c nh mt knh no m knh m thoi c xc nh nh knh
bo hiu v my di ng c ng b v tn s mt cch t ng. V vy
cc k nhau nn s dng tn s khc nhau cn nu cch xa hn th c th ti
s dng tn s . cho php cc my di ng c th duy tr cuc gi lin
tc trong khi di chuyn gi cc th tng i s iu khin cc knh bo
hiu hoc knh lu lng theo s dng ca my di ng chuyn i tn s
ca my di ng thnh mt tn s thch hp mt cch t ng.
F2
F1
F3
F7
F4
F6
F1
F5
F4
F6
F3
F7
F2
F5
Hnh 1.2. H thng in thoi di ng t ong

Hiu qu s dng tn s ca h thng in thoi di ng tng ln v cc
knh RF gia cc BS k nhau c th c nh v mt cch hiu qu nh vic
ti s dng tn s v do dung lng thu bao c phc v s tng ln.
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
1.3. CU TRC C BN CA H THNG GSM

M hnh cu trc h thng ca mt mng thng tin di ng GSM c s
nh sau:
NSS
ISDN
ISUP
PSPDN
AU
C MAP
VLR
MAP
CSPDN
TUP
EIR
HLR
MAP MAP
MS
C
BSSAP
OSS
PSTN
BSS
BSC
PLMN
MUP
LAPD
BTS
Truyn bo hiu
Truyn lu lng
LAPDm
MS
AUC: Trung tm nhn thc
BSS: Phn h trm gc
VLR: B ghi nh v tm tr
MS: Trm di ng
HLR: B ghi nh v thng tr
OSS: Phn h khai thc bo dng
EIR: B ghi nhn dng thit b
PSPDN: Mng s liu cng cng chuyn mch gi
MSC: Trung tm chuyn mch
CSPDN: Mng s liu cng cng chuyn mch knh
cc dch v mng
PSTN: Mng in thoi chuyn mch cng cng
BSC: B iu khin trm gc
PLMN: Mng di ng mt t
BTS: Trm
s dch
v tch
hpdi ng GSM
Hnh 1.3.
S thu
pht
cugctrc h thng caISDN:
mt Mng
mng
thng
tin
NSS: Phn h chuyn mch
OMC: Trung tm khai thc v bo dng

6
Cu trc chung mng GSM
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Cu trc mng GSM c chia thnh 3 phn h chnh:

Phn h chuyn mch (SS: Switching Subsystem)
Phn h trm gc( BSS: Base Station Subsystem)
Phn h vn hnh v bo dng (OMS: Operation and Maintenance
Subsystem)
SS
Cc mng khc
HLR
BSS
EIR AC
GMSC
BSC
MSC
BTS
MS
VLR
`
Sessions
OMS
Hnh 1.4. Tng quan v kin trc GSM
HLR (Home Location Register): Thanh ghi a ch thng tr
VLR(Visitor Location Register): Thanh ghi a ch tm tr
MSC(Mobile Switching Center): Trung tm chuyn mch di ng
AC(Authentication Center)
: Trung tm nhn thc
1.3.1. Phn h BSS

Chc nng ca BSS l to ra vng hot ng cho thu bao di ng v
thc hin truyn dn thng sut tn hiu, BSS gm c cc thnh phn : BTS,
BSC, MS.
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
1.3.1.1. MS(Mobile Station)

Trm di ng l thit b thu pht c nhn do ngi ng k thu bao
trc tip s dng. MS c th l mt my in thoi di ng.i vi h thng
GSM th MS gm c 2 thnh phn chnh l ME v SIM. ME(Mobile
Equipment) l thit b cng thc hin chc nng thu pht tn hiu. ME tr
thnh MS ch khi no SIM card c gn vo trong ME. Nu khng c SIM,
ME khng th thc hin c bt k dch v no.
SIM l th chip m bn trong ccc b nh lu tr thng tin c nhn
ca thu bao di ng v mt s thng tin mng. Trong qu trnh hot ng,
MS s s dng cc thng tin trong SIM. Thng tin lu trong SIM gm c:
Nhn dng s thu bao quc t
S vng ng k
Kha nhn thc Ki
1.3.1.2. BTS( Base Transceiver System):
Trm thu pht gc, chc nng ca BTS l to ra vng hot ng cho
MS. Vng ph sng nh nht ca mt BTS gi l mt t bo (Cell).
Cell: L n v c bn ca h thng t bo, c nh ngha theo vng
ph sng ca BTS. Mi cell c cp mt s nh danh duy nht gi l CGI
(Cell Global Identity)
Mt BTS c th pht v thu sng ra mt hay nhiu cell, v mt hay
nhiu tn s khc nhau tu theo lu lng thoi phc v ti khu vc trm gc.
Mi cell c mt trm v tuyn gc BTS hot ng trn mt tp cc knh v
tuyn. Cc knh v tuyn ny s khc cc knh v tuyn ca cc cell bn cnh
trnh hin tng can nhiu. H thng c xem nh l mt mng li ca
cc cell v tuyn cnh nhau - hay c th gi l cc vng ph sng - cc cell
ny kt hp vi nhau bo m cho vic ph sng ton khu vc. BTS giao
tip vi MS qua ng v tuyn. BTS hot ng di s iu khin ca BSC.
Bn knh phc v ca 1 trm pht sng c bn ph thuc:
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Gc ngng ca anten
Cng sut pht ca trm
a hnh, thi tit
nhy anten
1.3.1.3. BSC (Base Station Controller)
B iu khin trm gc, chc nng chnh ca BSC l iu khin cc
hot dng ca BTS nh: qun l ti nguyn v tuyn, iu khin nhy tn,
iu khin chuyn giao, iu khin cng sut,Mt BSC c th iu khin
nhiu BTS. Vi chc nng ny, mt BSC c th c xem nh mt b
chuyn mch ca bo hiu.
1.3.2. Phn h chuyn mch SS( Switching Subsystem)
Chc nng ca SS l x l cuc gi v qun l thu bao di ng. Cc thnh
phn trong SS gm c 5 thnh phn:
1.3.2.1. MSC ( Mobile Service Switching Center)
Mt s cc b iu khin trm gc BSC c phc v bi 1 tng i di
ng MSC. Tng i di ng MSC ny c chc nng kim sot cc cuc gi
ti cng nh gi i t mng T di ng n cc mng khc nh mng chuyn
mch cng cng PSTN, mng lin kt dch v s ISDN, mng di ng mt t
cng cng PLMN khc, mng d liu cng cng cng nh cc mng c nhn
khc v.v.
MSC l ni thc hin vic thit lp, nh tuyn v gim st cc cuc
gi n v t thu bao di ng. Cc tin nhn ngn, phn tuyn t SMS GMSC hoc gi t my di ng u qua MSC.
1.3.2.2. GMSC (Gateway Mobile Service Center)
GMSC l mt MSC lm nhim v giao tip gia mng di ng vi cc
mng khc nh PSTN, ISDN, PLMN, ... N l tng i cng ca mng GSM,
c chc nng nh tuyn cuc gi n MS tu theo v tr ca MS c cung
cp bi HLR v nh tuyn cc cuc gi ra ngoi.
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
1.3.2.3. VLR (Visitor Location Register ng k v tr tm)

VLR l mt c s d liu cha tm thi cc thng tin v thu bao di
ng MS ang hot ng trong vng phc v MSC. Da vo v tr v d kin,
cc thu bao trong vng phc v, VLR cung cp cc s chuyn vng
(Roaming) kt ni cc cuc gi cho my di ng.
1.3.2.4. HLR (Home Location Register ng k v tr gc)
HLR cha d liu v qun l tt c cc thu bao di ng c trong h
thng. HLR lu gi phn ln cc d liu quan trng, l cc d kin thng
tr ca thu bao, bao gm: cc DV ca thu bao, thng tin v v tr, cc tham
s nhn thc. Khi c thu bao mi, hay thay i DV, n u c ghi trong
HLR.
1.3.2.5. AUC (Authentication Center Trung tm nhn thc)
D kin AUC c lin kt vi HLR. Chc nng ca AUC l cung cp
cho HLR cc tham s nhn thc v cc khamt m di dng cc tripled (b
ba).
Kh nng nhn thc ca AUC gip cho h thng GSM mang tnh cht
bo mt hn cc mng in thoi khc. L ni cha cc thng tin v s IMSI,
IMEI.
1.3.2.6. EIR (Equipment Identity Register)- B ghi nhn dng thit b
B ghi nhn dng thit b ny c ni vi MSC thng qua mt ng
bo hiu, cho php MSC kim tra s hp l ca thit b. Cn nh rng vic
nhn thc thu bao c thc hin bi cc thng s t AUC
1.3.3. Phn h vn hnh v bo dng OMS(Operation & Maintenance
Subsystem):
OMS thc cht l mt mng my tnh c ni vi cc thnh phn trong
h thng thc hin chc nng iu hnh v bo dng h thng. y cng
l ni duy nht m ngi khai thc giao tip c vi mng di ng. Mt
OMS gm c hai thnh phn OMC v NMC.
10
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
OMC: Trung tm iu hnh v bo dng mng. OMC thc hin cc

chc nng c tnh cch cc b. Trung tm ny h tr mt s chc
nng sau:
Qun l cu hnh mng.
Qun l qu trnh lm vic ca mng
Qun l bo mt.
NMC: Trung tm qun l mng, n gim st cc OMC trong mng.
Chc nng gim st gm:
Gim st cc s c v cnh bo.
X l mt s s c trong mng.
1.4. NG NHP THIT B VO MNG
Khi thit b di ng trng thi tt, n c tch ra khi mng. Khi bt
ln, thit b d tn s GSM tm knh iu khin. Sau , thit b o cng
ca tn hiu t cc knh v ghi li. Cui cng th chuyn sang kt ni vi
knh c tn hiu mnh nht.
V GSM l mt chun chung nn thu bao c th dng in thoi h
GSM ti hu ht cc mng GSM trn th gii. Trong khi di chuyn, thit b
lin tc d knh lun duy tr tn hiu vi trm l mnh nht. Khi tm thy
trm c tn hiu mnh hn, thit b s t ng chuyn sang mng mi; nu
trm mi nm trong LA khc, thit b s bo cho mng bit v tr mi ca
mnh.
1.4.1. S tng qut
Tt c cc cuc gi i v n MS u qua BTS, n BSC v MSC
11
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
MS
MSC
BSC
BTS
MS
Cc mng khc
PSTN,ISDN
Hnh 1.5.Cc khi chc nng tham gia vo cuc gi

1.4.2. Nhim v ca cc khi chc nng
Trm di ng MS: L mt thu bao dng truy nhp cc dch v ca
h thng. MS gm c mt u cui di ng MT v mt thit b u cui TE.
Trong u cui di ng c mt Modul thng minh dng xc nhn thu bao
SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) m thiu SIM th thit b di ng khng th
truy nhp mng GSM c ngoi tr cc s khn cp nh: Cnh st, cu
thng Thc t MS c rt nhiu hnh dng, kch thc v chc nng khc
nhau, iu ny tu thuc vo cc nh sn xut hay cc dch v ca mng
GSM. MS c 2 chc nng chnh l: Chc nng truyn d liu v chc nng
lin quan n truyn dn giao din v tuyn.
Trm thu pht gc BTS: Thc hin cc chc nng thu pht v tuyn
trc tip n cc thu bao di ng MS trong t bo BTS qun l thng qua
giao din v tuyn Um nh: Pht qung b cc thng tin ca h thng, thc
hin thu pht mt cuc giBTS c kt ni vi BSC thng qua giao din
A-bis (s dng ng truyn vi ba hoc cp quang vi tc truyn dn trn
di 100 Mb/s). Ngoi ra BTS cn c chc nng m ho v gii m ting ni
(knh), sa li, iu khin cng sut pht
Trm in khin gc BSC: Thc hin cc chc nng chuyn mch v
iu khin cc knh v tuyn ca h thng BSS, BSC thc hin vic qun l
cc knh v 8 tuyn v truyn cc bn tin n v i t thu bao di ng MS.
BSC n nh knh v tuyn trong ton b thi gian thit lp cuc gi v gii
12
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
phng lin kt khi kt thc cuc gi. Ngoi ra BSC cn c nhim v qun l
cc trm BTS thuc phm vi ca mnh
Trung tm chuyn mch di ng MSC: Lp tuyn gi v iu khin
cuc gi; cc th tc cn thit lm vic vi cc mng khc nh: Mng in
thoi chuyn mch cngcng PSTN, mng s lin kt a dch v ISDN, mng
chuyn mch s cng cng theo mch CSPSN, mng d liu gi chuyn mch
theo gi PSPDN... ; cc th tc cn thit tin hnh chuyn iu khin
(HO); cc th tc lin quan ti qun l qu trnh di ng ca cc trm di ng
nh: Nhn tin thit lp cuc gi, bo mi v tr trong qu trnh lu ng v
nhn thc nhm chng cc cuc truy nhp tri php.
1.4.3. Cc trng hp cuc gi trong mng GSM
Thc hin cuc gi t in thoi c nh n thit b di ng
im khc bit quan trng so vi gi t thit b di ng l v tr ca
thit b khng c bit chnh xc. Chnh v th trc khi kt ni, mng phi
thc hin cng vic xc nh v tr ca thit b di ng.
T c nh
Tng i
c nh
Mng in
thoi c
nh
GMSC
MSC
BSC
BTS
MS
Hnh 1.6. Cuc gi t in thoi c nh ti di ng

T in thai c nh, s in thoi di ng c gi n mng PSTN.
Mng s phn tch, v nu pht hin ra t kha gi ra mng di ng, mng
PSTN s kt ni vi trung tm GMSC ca nh khai thc thch hp.
GMSC phn tch s in thoi di ng tm ra v tr ng k gc
trong HLR ca thit b v cch thc ni n MSC/VLR phc v.
13
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
HLR phn tch s in thoi di ng tm ra MSC/VLR ang phc v

cho thit b. Nu c ng k dch v chuyn tip cuc gi n, cuc gi s
c tr v GMSC vi s in thoi c yu cu chuyn n.
HLR lin lc vi MSC/VLR ang phc v.
MSC/VLR gi thng ip tr li qua HLR n GMSC.
GMSC phn tch thng ip ri thit lp cuc gi n MSC/VLR
MSC/VLR bit a ch LA ca thit b nn gi thng ip n BSC
qun l LA ny.
BSC pht thng ip ra ton b cc thuc LA.
Khi nhn c thng ip, thit b s gi yu cu ngc li.
BSC cung cp mt khung thng ip cha thng tin.
Phn tch thng ip ca BSC gi n tin hnh th tc bt trng
thi ca thit b ln tch cc, xc nhn, nhn din thit b.
MSC/VLR iu khin BSC xc lp mt knh ri, chung. Nu thit
b di ng chp nhn tr li, kt ni c thit lp. Trong trng hp thc
hin cuc gi t thit b di ng n thit b di ng, qu trnh cng din ra
tng t nhng im giao tip vi mng PSTN ca in thoi c nh s c
thay th bng MSC/VLR khc.
Thit b kiu yu cu mt knh bo hiu.
BSC/TRC s ch nh knh bo hiu.
Thit b gi yu cu thit lp cuc gi cho MSC/VLR. Thao tc ng
k trng thi tch cc cho thit b vo VLR, xc thc, nhn dng thit b, gi
s c gi cho mng, kim tra xem thu bao c ng k dch v cm gi ra
u c thc hin trong bc ny.
Nu hp l, MSC/VLR bo cho BSC/TRC mt knh ang ri.
MSC/VLR chuyn tip s c gi cho mng PSTN.
Nu my c gi tr li, kt ni s c thit lp.
14
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Cuc gi di ng gi di ng:
MS1
BTS
BSC
BSC
MSC
BTS
MS2
Tng i
c nh
T c nh
Hnh 1.7. Cuc gi MS ti MS

Cuc gi Di ng gi c nh:
Mng in
thoi c
nh
MS
BTS
BSC
MSC
GMSC
Hnh 1.8. Cuc gi t di ng ti in thoi c nh

Cuc gi Di ng gi quc t:
MS
BSC
BTS
MSC
VTI
Thu bao nc ngoi
Operator
Hnh 1.9. Cuc gi t di ng i quc t

Cuc gi di ng t MS cho thu bao chuyn vng quc t:
MS
BTS
BSC
MSC
VTI
Operator
MSC
BSC
BTS
Hnh1.10. Cuc gi t di ng cho thu bao chuyn vng quc t
15
MS
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
1.5. CC DCH V MNG GSM

Dch v Hin th s ch gi (CLIP)
Dch v Du s (CLIR)
Dch v Chuyn cuc gi (Call Divert)
Dch v Gi cuc gi (Call Hold)
Dch v Ch cuc gi (Call Wait)
Dch v T chn cuc gi (Call Bar)
Dch v Hp th thoi (Voicemail)
Dch v Fax
Dch v DATA
Dch v MMS
Dch v GPRS
Dch v chuyn vng quc t
Dch v chuyn vng quc gia
Dch v Tin nhn
Dch v Tin nhn qung b
1.6. TIN NHN
Dch v nhn tin ngn SMS l dch v cho php cc thu bao di ng
Mobifone gi cc bn tin dng text, hnh nh en trng, nhc chung n m
cho cc thu bao khc.
16
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
HLR
5
1
MSC
MSC/
MS
VLR
VLR
Thu bao
nhn
BSS
SMSC
Thu bao
gi
2
MS
Hnh 1.11. Dch v tin nhn ngn SMS

1.6.1. Gi tin nhn.
Thit b di ng kt ni vo mng. Nu kt ni ang c sn, qu trnh
ny c b qua.
Sau khi hon tt thnh cng qu trnh xc thc, ni dung thng ip s
cchuyn n Trung Tm Dch V Tin Nhn (SMS-C Short Message
Service Center).
1.6.2. Nhn tin nhn.
Ngi dng gi tin nhn n SMS-C.
SMS-C gi tin nhn n SMS-GMSC.
SMS-GMSC truy vn HLR v thng tin nh tuyn.
HLR p ng truy vn.
SMS-GMSC chuyn thng ip li cho MSC/VLR ch nh.
Tin hnh nhn tin tm kim v kt ni thit b vo mng.
Nu xc thc thnh cng, MSC/VLR s pht tin nhn n thit b.
Nu truyn nhn tin nhn thnh cng, MSC/VLR s gi bo co v
SMS-C; ngc li, MSC/VLR s thng bo cho HLR v gi bo co li v
SMS-C.
17
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
1.7. CNG NGH MNG 3G

3G, hay 3-G, (vit tt ca third-generation technology) l cng ngh truyn
thng th h th ba, cho php truyn c d liu thoi v d liu ngoi thoi
(ti d liu, gi email, tin nhn nhanh, hnh nh...) vi tc cao. Hin ti cc
nh mng ang cung cp dch v 3G vi hai mc tc ln lt l 3,6Mbps
v 7,2Mbps. s dng dch v 3G ngi dng cn trang b in thoi di
ng hoc Smart Phone h tr phn cng kt ni tn hiu 3G, ngoi ra ngi
dng cn c th dng cc thit b kt ni 3G cho my tnh (My bn hoc
my xch tay ) nh USB 3G, Th PCMCIA 3G Hoc thit b 3G Router
chia s kt ni 3G cho nhiu thit b khc nhau cng s dng.
S dng di tn quy nh quc t nh sau:
ng ln: 1885-2025 MHz.
ng xung: 2110-2200 MHz.
L h thng thng tin di ng ton cu cho cc loi hnh thng tin v
tuyn:
Tch hp cc mng thng tin v tuyn v hu tuyn.
Tng tc vi mi loi dch v vin thng.
S dng cc mi trng khai thc khc nhau:
Trong cng s.
Ngoi ng.
Trn xe.
V tinh.
C th h tr dch v nh:
Mi trng o.
m bo cc dch v a phng tin.
D dng h tr cc dch v mi xut hin.
Mi trng hot ng ca IMT-2000 c chia thnh bn vng:
Vng 1: Trong nh, pico, R b
18
2Mbps
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Vng 2: Thnh ph, micro R b

Vng 3: Ngoi , macro R b
384kbps
144kbps
Vng 4: Ton cu R b = 9.6=kbps

Th h 3G gm c cc k thut : W-CDMA (Wide band CDMA) kiu
FDD v TD-CDMA (Time Division CDMA) kiu TDD. Mc tiu ca IMT2000 l gip cho cc thu bao lin lc vi nhau v s dng cc dch v a
truyn thng trn phm vi th gii, vi lu lng bit i t 144Kbit/s trong
vng rng v ln n 2Mbps trong vng a phng. Dch v bt u vo
nm 2001- 2002.
Hnh 1.12. Cc th h ca h thng thng tin di ng
19
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
CHNG 2
TRM BTS - THIT K XY DNG MT TRM BTS CA
MOBIFONE TI THNH PH HI PHNG
2.1. KHI NIM V BTS (BASE TRANSCEIVER STATION)
BTS l mt thit b dng pht tn hiu ra mi trng v tuyn n cc
my di ng v thu tn hiu t cc my di ng cng thng qua mi trng v
tuyn. N thng tin n cc MS thng qua giao din v tuyn Um v kt ni
vi b iu khin trm gc BSC (Base Station Controller) thng qua giao din
Abis.
BTS l t vit tt ting Anh ca Base Transceiver Station: Trm thu pht
sng di ng,c dng trong truyn thng v cc thit b di ng trong cc
mng vin thng bi cc nh cung cp dch v (ISP). Thng thng,BTS
c t ti 1 v tr nht nh theo quy hoch ca cc ISP,nhm to ra hiu
qu thu pht sng cao nht vi vng ph sng rng v t c cc im,vng
nm gia cc BTS m khng c ph sng.
BTS thc hin tt c cc chc nng thu pht lin quan n giao din v
tuyn GSM v x l tn hiu mc nht nh. V 1 s phng din c th
coi BTS l modem v tuyn phc tp nhn tn hiu v tuyn ng ln t MS
ri bin i n thnh d liu truyn i n cc my khc trong mng GSM,
v nhn d liu t mng GSM ri bin i n thnh tn hiu v tuyn pht n
MS. Cc BTS to nn vng ph sng ca t bo, v tr ca chng quyt nh
dung lng v vng ph ca mng. Tuy nhin BTS ch ng vai tr ph trong
vic phn phi ti nguyn v tuyn cho cc MS khc nhau.
BTS l mt c s h tng vin thng c s dng nhm to thng tin
lin lc khng dy gia cc thit b thu bao vin thng v nh iu hnh
mng. Cc thit b thu bao c th l in thoi di ng, thit b internet
20
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
khng dy trong khi cc nh iu hnh mng c th l mng di ng GSM,

CDMA hay h thng TDMA c bn.
2.2. CU TRC CHUNG CA H THNG BTS
2.2.1. Cu trc cc khi chc nng ca BTS ALCATE
SUM
CLOCK
T
R
A
N
S
Abis
TRE
AN
OMU
BTS-TE
Hnh 2.1. Cu trc cc khi chc nng ca BTS ALCATE

2.2.2. Cc khi chc nng chnh ca h thng BTS
SUMA: L khi trung tm ca mt BTS, mt BTS ch c mt SUMA
bt k s sector v TRX l bao nhiu.
TRE: Gm c TREA v TRED
ANC: Phn phi tn hiu nhn c t mi antenna n 4 my thu
pht.
2.2.2.1. Khi SUMA
Chc nng ca khi SUMA
Qun l link truyn dn Abis (ln n 2 giao din Abis)
To xung ng h cho tt c cc modul BTS
Thc hin chc nng vn hnh v bo dng cho BTS
Qun l ghp cc d liu TCH, RSL, OML, QMUX
21
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
iu khin chc nng AC/DC khi chng c tch hp bn trong

BTS.
iu khin ngun (dung lng, in p, nhit )
Thit lp in p v dng cho vic np pin.
Hnh 2.2. Kin trc khi SUMA

2.2.2.2. Khi TRE
Hnh 2.3. Kin trc khi TRE
22
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
TRED:
H thng TRED chu trch nhim v phn s ca TRE:
X l iu khin v bo hiu, n chu trch nhim qun l cc
chc nngO&M ca TRE
Ghp knh, nhy tn, mt m v gii mt m
M ho (DEC)
Gii iu ch (DEM).
M ha v pht (ENCT)
u cui BCB
TREA:
iu ch
iu khin v bin i cao tn phn pht (TXRFCC)
ng b phn pht (TXSYN)
Bin i trung tn phn thu (RXIF)
ng b phn thu (RXSYN)
Gii iu ch trung tn (ISD)
TRE PA board bao gm b khuch i cng sut, n m
nhim khuch i cng sut tn hiu cao tn bi TXRFCC.
TREP: Cung cp ngun cho TRE (DC/DC).
2.2.2.3. Khi ANC
ANC kt ni 4 my thu pht n 2 antenna.
Modul ny bao gm 2 cu trc ging nhau, mi cu trc bao gm:
Antenna: n c chc nng l pht sng ra mi trng v tuyn v
thu sng t my di ng pht n.
Filter: lc b tn hiu khng cn thit.
Mt khi duplexer: dng kt hp hai hng pht v thu mt
antenna.
23
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Mt khi LNA: khi ny c chc nng khuch i tn hiu m

antenna thu c ln mc ln cho TRE c th x l c.
Hai khi Spliter: khi ny c chc nng tch tn hiu thu ca TRE.
WBC: (Wide band combiner) b ny c chc nng kt hp hai
ng pht li vi nhau i trn cng mt ng n b
duplexer.
ANTA
ANTB
Duplexer
Duplexer
Filter
WBC
Filter
Filter
LNA
LNA
Spliter
Spliter
Spliter
Spliter
Spliter
Filter
Spliter
WBC
Bridge
Bridge
TXRX RXd
TXRX RXd
RXdRX TX
RXdRX TX
TRE1
TRE2
TRE3
TRE4
Hnh 2.4. Kin trc khi ANC

2.3. THIT K XY DNG MT TRM BTS CA MOBIFONE TI
THNH PH HI PHNG
2.3.1. Cc yu t cn quan tm trc khi i vo tnh ton
a vo lp t mt h thng bao gi cng phi c nhng k hoch,
nhng d n v k thut, nhng d tr v kinh t. Trong thit k mng di
ng s cc vn cng c xem xt k lng. Vi kh nng s dng,
kh nng v ng vn m vng ph sng c th rng khp hoc ch p ng
c mt s trng hp no , tuy nhin trng hp m rng l ln. iu
i hi phi quy hoch mng. Cc bc thc hin nh sau:
24
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
S phn b a l ca vng ph sng

Cht lng phc v cho thu bao
Mc phc v
S ph a l
Thm vo cn c mt s yu cu cn thit nh:
Kh nng pht trin h thng
D on yu cu v lu lng chng hn l bao nhiu thu bao c th
c, s phn chia v lu lng. Khi xt n vn cn phi dng cc s
liu m t nh:
Phn b dn c
Cc trung tm bun bn hay ti chnh quan trng
Mc thu nhp ca ngi dn
Thng k s lng in thoi c nh
Tng ng vi cc mc cc thu bao, cc cuc gi.
2.3.2. Bi ton thc t
Tnh ton s b xy dng cu hnh cho trm BTS s dng thit b
Alcatel ti phng ng Kh - qun Ng Quyn Hi Phng.
2.3.2.1. Cc thng s kho st
Phn b a l: Vng ng bng, khng c i ni, nm c lp
Tng din tch khong 1,78 Km2
Dn s khong 13000 ngi
c tnh trong phng c khong 10000 my di ng. Do ta cn
xy dng nn trm BTS phc v cho 10000 thu bao di ng.
S cuc gi trung bnh ca mt thu bao trong vng mt gi l 1.
Cht lng phc v cho thu bao GOS l: 2%
2.3.2.2. Tnh ton lu lng
Lu lng ca mt thu bao c tnh theo cng thc sau:
A = (n*t)/T = (1*120)/3600 = 0.033 Erl
25
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
n: S cuc gi trong mt gi ca thu bao

T: Thi gian trung bnh ca cuc gi.
A: Lu lng mang 1 thu bao n v tnh l Erlang. Theo gi tr
thng k in hnh n v T nhn gi tr sau:
n = 1: Trung bnh mt ngi 1 cuc trong 1 gi.
T = 120s: Thi gian trung bnh ca cuc gi l 120s.
Hnh 2.5. Phng ng Kh - nh chp t v tinh

Vy A = (1*120)/3600 = 0,033 Erlang
Nh vy phc v cho 10000 thu bao cn 330 Erlang, t con s ny
tnh ton s knh yu cu trong mng t ong. Nu 1 thu bao cn lu lng
l 330 Erlang, n s chim 33% thi gian 1 knh TCH. Vy vi thu bao c
lu lng 33m Erlang s chim ~100% thi gian 1 knh TCH nhng iu
dn ti tc nghn cao khng th chp nhn c.
gim tc nghn ny phi gim ti xung bng cch tng s knh
thch hp phi cn c vo tng lu lng v tng ng vi tc nghn c th
26
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
chp nhn c. Nghn chp nhn c l cht lng phc v (Grade of

Service) thng l 2-5%. Nh vy 1 vng phc v cho khong 10000 thu
bao s c lu lng 330 Erlang vi GOS = 2% tng s TCH cn thit tnh
theo bng GOS l 123knh. Vng phc v c chia thnh 3Cell. T kt qu
trn ta c th lp mt d nh v t mt s trm gc BTS:
Bng 2a. Bng chia knh
Cell
Lu lng %
Erlang
S knh
33.33%
30.667
41
33.33%
30.667
41
33.33%
30.667
41
Tng s 3 Cell
100%
123
Nh vy, ti ng Kh ta cn lp t mt trm BTS vi 3 hng khc nhau

theo phn b 3 vng dn c.
S dng BTS Alcatel.
Gc phng v: ( ty thuc vo vng dn c v v tr t trm. V d v
tr cc cell y l:Cell1(HGNB041) 30; cell2: 150 ; cell3: 270 ). V
c bn gc phng v ca cc cell phi m bo cch nhau t nht 60 .
27
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Hnh 2.6. Gi thit cc vng Cell

Gc ngng (tilt): C th tnh vng ph theo cng thc Half Power, tuy
nhin phn ny phc tp, ph thuc cao ca anten v khng lin quan lm
n yu cu bi ton. Thng 2 - 4 .
C hai trng hp xy ra khi tnh TRX:
HalfRate: 1TRX s c 8 TimeSlot FullRate hoc 16 TS HR. BCCH v
SDCCH phi c cu hnh l FR, nh vy nu 1 cell c 1 TRX th s knh
RF cn li l 6, tng ng 12 TS. Nu cu hnh 2, thng TRX th 2 s
c cu hnh 1TS cho SDCCH, nh vy cn 7 knh FR, tng ng 14
knh HR.
Vy vi 1 cell c 41 knh lu lng th s cn 41/14 ~= 3TRX.
Trng hp chy FullRate: Mi cell 41 knh lu lng cn 6TRX. Do
1 trm BTS s dng lung ABIS c 32TimeSlot nn cu hnh ti a ca 1
trm l 4/4/4 ( khng xt n trng hp u ABIS2). V vy trng hp ny
ti u s lp 2 trm c cu hnh 3/3/3. Trn y l nhng tnh ton ch
cp n vic xy dng cu hnh cho trm BTS nhm phc v tt c lu
lng kho st cho trc.
28
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
CHNG 3
QUY TRNH LP T MT TRM BTS

3.1. CC QUY TRNH LP T
3.1.1. Chun b mt s iu kin c bn trc khi lp t thit b
3.1.1.1. H thng chng st v ni t
Chng st v ni t bn ngoi phng thit b:
Ti phn ln cc trm, khi chiu di phn phi t chn ct n thanh
ng tip t trc l cp nhp trm nh hn 5m ch dng hai si cp ni
t:
Dng 1 dy ni t chng st ni vo kim chng st trn nh ct anten
v ni trc tip xung cc t. Phn dy chng st cho ct anten cn i thng
v c nh vo thn ct, cch li vi dy ni t chng st cho phi , sao cho
c st nh, st s thot xung t nhanh nht.
Dy ni t th 2 dng ni t chng st cho phi v dy cp tn
hiu ca viba. Tnh t anten GSM tr xung, cn tip t cho phi s dng
thanh ng tip t ti t nht 03 im:
im u tin khong cch khong 0,3m n 0,6m tnh t
im ni gia dy nhy v phi ; Nn bt thanh ng tip t v tr ph
hp m bo cc dy tip t cho phi i thng.
im th 2 ti v tr (trc khi phi un cong chn ct) cch
ch un cong khong 0,3m. Yu cu cc si dy ni t cho phi khi
ni vo thanh ng tip t phi m bo hng thng t trn xung, hn
ch un cong ti mc thp nht.
im th 3 ti v tr trc l cp i vo phng my. Thanh ng
tip t lp di l cp khong 20cm
C ba thanh ng tip t chng st cho phi nu trn ni vo bng
ng tip t ti v tr trc l cp nhp trm v ni xung cc t.
29
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Cc thanh ng tip t cho phi (phn bn ngoi phng thit b) lp

dc theo thang cp v cch in vi ct (xem hnh 3.1).
Trong trng hp khi chiu di phn phi t chn ct n thanh ng
tip t trc l cp nhp trm ln hn 5m, ta dng thm mt dy ni t
trc tip t thanh ng tip t trc khi cp un cong chn ct ni trc
tip xung cc t.
Trng hp cc trm BTS dng nhiu ct nh thay v mt ct chung
cho cc anten th ni t theo nguyn tc sao cho khi c st nh th st s
thot xung t nhanh nht.
Ni t trong phng thit b:
Dng mt dy ni t ni t bng t chung trong phng thit b i trc
tip xung cc t v cch li vi phn chng st bn ngoi phng thit b.
T in AC v n p ni t bng mt ng ring. T ct lc st ng
mt ng ni t ring.
V tr thanh ng ni t chung cho phng thit b c th t di l
cp nhp trm, hoc di chn tng ty theo iu kin ca tng trm.
CH :
Trong trng hp cp i trn ct <3m th c th dng mt thanh
ng tip t cho phi t on gia thn ct.
Dy chng st trc tip phi ni chc chn, tip xc tt vi kim
chng st. Dy chng st lun phi theo nguyn tc ni thng t trn
xung m bo thot st xung t nhanh nht.
Tt c cc phn tip t chng st bn ngoi phng thit b phi
m bo c ni t cch li vi phn ni t trong phng my.
30
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Hnh 3.1. H thng chng st v ni t cho trm BTS
31
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
3.1.1.2. B tr trong phng thit b

Nguyn tc b tr cc thit b trong phng tun theo bn v kho st.
Hnh 3.2 l mt v d cch b tr cc thit b trong phng.
Hnh 3.2. Th t b tr thit b trong phng my

3.1.1.3. Phn ngun in AC
Cc hp cp dng i dy ngun AC c kch thc 100x60mm.
Cc loi cp ngun AC i vo t in AC dng 1 l ln v tr gn
tng cp ngun AC lun nm trong hp cp v c bc bo v bng mt
lp v bc v tr tip xc vi v hp ca t in AC.
B tr t ct lc st bn phi, t in AC v tr bn tri. Tuy nhin,
nu trong trng hp c bit, c th t t in AC bn phi, t ct lc st
bn tri.
Phn in AC phi i cch cp thot st t ct anten t nht 30cm, nu
kh thc hin cp AC phi bc kim hoc i trong ng kim loi.
3.1.1.4. Mt s lu
Phi i trn thang cp xp chng ln nhau theo tng cp dnh
phn cho vic m rng trong tng lai. Lu khng phi ca sector ny
xp i vi phi ca sector khc.
32
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Dy thot st trn nh ct anten ni vo kim chng st phi i thng

xung di.
Kim tra lp t ct dy co khng chng v trnh i qua bp sng
chnh ca anten.
3.1.2. Quy trnh lp t anten v phi
3.1.2.1. Chun b lp t
Kim tra ct ph dng lp cc anten GSM xem c ng thng
khng, nu khng phi chnh li trc khi lp t.
Kim tra m bo c dng c lp t, cc loai vt t dng lp t
(phi, dy nhy, connector, cc thanh ng tip t chng st cho phi, dy
tht, trang thit b an ton lao ng)
Chun b sn cc tham s v tuyn lin quan n anten: cao, gc
phng v, gc ngng ca mi anten GSM, anten viba (nu c).
3.1.2.2. Cc bc tin hnh
Bt u -> Chun b trc khi lp anten ln ct -> Ko anten ln ct ->
Lp anten ln ct, c nh dy nhy -> Ko phi ln ct -> Ni phi v dy
nhy -> Tip t chng st cho anten, phi -> c nh phi -> C nh
phi -> Kt thc.
BC 1: Chun b trc khi lp anten ln ct
Lp b chnh gc ngng anten (downtilt) v b g c nh.
Yu cu:
Downtilt nm pha di chn anten, khng phi pha trn.
Lp downtilt tht chc chn.
Lp ng v tr ca downtilt theo ch dn trn anten.
Dng 2 c vt M8 ngn c nh downtilt ln thn anten.
33
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Hnh 3.3. Lp b chnh gc ngng anten

Bt b G c nh ln downtilt bng 2 c vt M8 ngn v 2 c vt M8
di
Hnh 3.4. Bt b g c nh ln downtilt

u ni dy nhy vo anten
Yu cu:
+ Dy nhy c chiu di khong 2m, trnh trng hp cun vng khi
dy nhy qu di. Nu c sn connector th c th ty trng hp m
s dng dy nhy c chiu di ph hp.
+ m bo cht lng ca mi ni: tip xc tt v c bo v tt
+ Dn nhn ln tng dy nhy theo quy nh: SECT 1_A, SECT_1_B
34
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Hnh 3.5. u ni dy nhy vo anten

Lm u connector cho phi
Lp b tip t do Alcatel cung cp cho phi
Yu cu:
Phi m bo tip xc tt cho tip t.
Phi bo v tip xc bng cch dng ng gen co nhit, cao su non,
bng keo in.
Lm tip t cho phi cch u connector khong t 30cm n 60cm.
Cch 20m phi lm tip t cho phi
Dng dao tr ct b v phi rng khong 5 t cp.
BC 2. Ko anten ln ct
Yu cu:
Anten c lp downtilt, b g c nh v dy nhy trc khi
ko ln ct
Phi m bo cc u connector ca dy nhy c ni vo
anten phi c bo v bng cao su non v u cn li phi c
bc bng nilong tht kn trong lc ko ln ct trnh gy bi bn
ln connector
Phi m bo tht an ton cho ngi v thit b.
35
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
BC 3. Lp anten trn ct, c nh dy nhy

C nh anten ln ct anten thng qua downtilt v b g c nh
C nh dy nhy ln ct bng kp cp tht chc chn v thm m
Xc nh chnh xc gc ngng ca anten. Tnh gc ngng ca anten
bng cch o khong cch gia hai vt trn b chnh downtilt ri tra bng
ghi trn anten
Tip t cho v anten
Yu cu:
Phi m bo tht an ton cho ngi v thit b
Vn kp cp va phi trnh lm mp mo cp
Chun b y dng c lp anten: c vt M8, c l.
BC 4. Ko phi ln ct
Yu cu:
Bo v cc u connector ca phi (bt kn bng nilong)
Phi m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b.
BC 5. Ni phi vo dy nhy
o chiu di ca phi n u dy nhy t t MBI5, ct phi va
ni vo dy nhy. Phi dng lightning protector (do Alcatel cung cp)
ni u connector ca phi vi u connector ca dy nhy ri dng 02
c l vn cht.
Qun cao su non v dng gen co nhit bo v cc mi ni, nu cn
thnnn qun thm mt lp bng keo.
Yu cu:
Lm sch cc u connector bng giy mm hoc cy bng c tm
cn
Vn cht 2 u connector bng 02 c-l
36
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Hnh 3.6. Ni phi vo dy nhy

BC 6. Tip t chng st cho anten, phi
Xem hnh v v tr cc thanh ng tip t cho phi
Trn ct: ni cc dy lin tip cho phi vo bng tip t gn trn ct
Trong phng my: Tip t chng set cho li phi thng qua
connector gia phi v dy nhy, ni dy t ny ln bng tip t t
trn thanh cp. Ni t bng tip t t trn thang cp ti bng tip t
chung trong phng my.
Yu cu:
Phi tip t cho phi ti t nht 3 im (trng hp c bit c th 2 im
hoc 4 im): sau mi ni gia top jumber vi anten 30cm ti 60cm, ch phi
un cong chn ct v trc khi vo l cp nhp trm.
Tip xc gia v phi v b tip t phi cht, m bo tip xc tt.
Mi ni phi c bo v chng li mi nh hng ca thi tit: bc cao su non
Tip t cho tm l cp nhp trm, m bo lm kn l cp bng silicon
37
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
BC 7. C nh phi
C nh phi ln thang cp trn ct bng cc kp cp v dy tht.
Yu cu:
Phi m bo c sau khong 1m n 1,2m c mt b kp cp
Phi dng dy tht vi cng c ph hp
Trnh vn kp cp qu cht c th lm mp mo phi gy suy hao
ln.
Khng kp phi ca 2 sector chung 1 kp cp.
Cp i trn thang phi nm st nhau v mt pha dnh v tr cho
pht trin sau ny.
3.1.3. Lp t thit b BTS
3.1.3.1. Chun b lp t:
S , bn v thit k mt bng nh trm
Danh mc thit b cn kim tra (checklist)
y cng c, vt dng cn thit cho vic lp t: b tuc-n-vt, cl, km, ba, khoan, level.
Kim tra m bo thit b khng b h hi tng qu trnh vn chuyn
n trm
3.1.3.2. Cc bc tin hnh:
Bt u -> Kim tra thit b -> C nh t thit b (MBI5) -> Tip t cho
t thit b -> Ni cp PCM -> Ni cp cnh bo -> Ni dy nhy vi BTS ->
Kim tra phn lp t, ni cp ngun DC -> Kt thc.
38
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
BC 1. Kim tra thit b

Yu cu:
Thit b nhn c phi y v ng chng loi theo danh mc
km theo.
Thit b khng b try xc, h hng trong qu trnh vn chuyn.
Nu c sai st phi lin h ngay vi nhng ngi c lin quan v
i din ca Alcatel trong vng 48 gi.
BC 2. C nh t thit b
t bn v v tr cc vt di chn t BTS (i km theo thit b) ln sn
nh, nh du cc v tr ri khoan v bt 2 thnh c nh trn sn, sau
t t BTS ln 2 thnh v c nh vt.
Cn bng rack: vn bu-long va phi ng thi dng level (b kim tra
cn bng) cn bng rack ri vn cht cc bu-long c nh rack.
Yu cu:
Rack BTS sau khi lp t phi ng vng chc, cn bng, khng rung.
Cc thit b phi d ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn, lp t phi c tr li v tr
c, m bo chc chn khng b nhm ln.
BC 3. Tip t cho t thit b
Ni cp GND (mu vng/xanh) vo bng tip t chung trong phng
my
Ni cp GND vo nh ca rack ng thi c nh cp bng cc dy
tht.
39
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Yu cu:
Cc im tip xc phi tt, c bc gen co nhit
i y phi gn gng, phn i trn thanh cp phi thng.
Phi tip t cho t trc khi ni ngun.
Lm u ct cho cp GND vng/xanh: nn s dng loi cp 16mm2, u ct 8mm.
BC 4. Ni cp PCM
u cp ti BTS:
Chun b u cp v dn nhn cho cp
Tho thit b bo v chng st trc khi lp cp (Lp li sau khi u
ni dy)
Dng dng c chnh hng Krone u dy ln phin.
Yu cu:
ng i cp phi gn gng, phn i trn thang cp phi thng
Khi chun b u cp, cn cn thn khng ct t dy tip t ca cp.
u cp ti DDF
Hnh 3.7. u cp trn t BTS
40
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Bng 3a. Nguyn tc u cp trn t BTS

K hiu
V tr lp
Mu dy 1
thit b
Mu dy
2
Krone
Hai i dy 1
Abis1/TX
Trng
Xm
Tn hiu mc cao
Abis2/TX
Xanh da
ta
i ti BSC
tri
Hai i dy th 2
Abis1/RX
Vng
Xm
Tn hiu mc thp
Abis2/RX
Nu
ta
i vo t BSC
Quad 3 v 4 khng c s dng (khng ct chng, s s dng trong
trng hp a tiu chun)
41
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
u ni cp ti rack
Chun b u cp
Chi tit u cp, v d v Abis 1
Chi tit v u cp L907
Hnh 3.8.Chi tit u cp trn t BTS

BC 5. Ni cp cnh bo
Yu cu:
ng i cp phi gn, p
Khi cha u cnh bo th cn phi loop cc u cnh bo trn DDF.
Ch :
Thng thng ch tin hnh ni sn 2 cp cnh bo 8x2 t BTS n
DDF.
42
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Khi chun b u cp, cn cn thn khng ct t dy tip t ca

cp.
Vic ni t cho cp cnh bo c tin hnh ti cc phin u ni.
Tin hnh:
Nm thng tin cn thit v u ni cp v s lng cp cnh bo cn lp
t.
i cp cnh bo trn mng cp, c nh cp bng cc dy buc
Chun b u cp v dn nhn cp.
Cp cnh bo
Chi tit hp u ni dy cnh bo
Hnh 3.9. Chi tit u ni cp cnh bo

B cp vi nhau bng dy buc cp
u cp vo phin u ni ca rack: phin 1 = lp dy cnh bo t s 1
n 8, phin 2 = lp dy cnh bo t s 9 n 16
Buc cp vo rack
43
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Bng 3b. Bng quy nh mu dy cp

Dy th nht Dy th hai
Quad 1
Quad 2
Quad 3
Quad 4
i 1
Trng (X1 1) Xm (XGND)
i 2
Xanh da tri
ta
i 3
Vng
Xm
i 4
Nu
ta
i 5
en
Xm
i 6
ta
i 7
Xanh l cy
Xm
i 8
Trng (X18)
ta
(XGND)
Bng 3c. Bng quy nh v tr u ni cp cnh bo

V tr trn phin
Stt
1
2
3
5
7
9
10
11
15
Loi cnh bo
Hngrectifier
Hng ngun chnh
Cnh bo m ca
Bochy/bokhi
Cnh bo iu ha
Cnh bo nhit
Cnh bo h thng chng st
Cnh bo cn ngun c quy
Cnh bo h thng vi ba
i dy
i1
i2
i3
i4
i5
i6
i7
i8
i9
u ni ca
BTS 1
2
3
5
7
9
10
11
15
BC 6. Ni dy nhy
Dn nhn mi u jumber (nhn cho dy nhy do Alcatel cung
cp)
44
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Ni dy nhy vo nh rack
S dng dy tht b cc dy nhy vi nhau
di dy nhy khong t 1 n 2m, trnh trng hp cun dy
nhy do qu di.
BC 7. Kim tra lp t, ni dy ngun DC
Kim tra m bo t thit b lp chc chn, khng rung, v
ng v tr theo thit k
Kim tra vic ni t cho t thit b
Kim tra k cch u ni trn DDF
Ni cp ngun DC cho BTS t Rack ngun, xem phn quy trnh
lp t t ngun
Yu cu:
Khi phng thit b cha lp t xong phn xy dng, cn che y
khng bi vo thit b BTS.
3.1.4. Quy trnh lp t h thng ngun DC

3.1.4.1. Chun b:
Cc thng tin v trm cn lp t: a ch, tn ch nh, s in thoi cn
lin h.
Bn v thit k mt bng phng my xc nh v tr t BTS, v tr t
ngun
Dng c lp t, cng c lp t
Gng tay bo h dng trong qu trnh vn chuyn thit b
3.1.4.2. Cc bc thc hin:
Bt u -> Kim tra thit b -> C nh t ngun (MTP 54) -> Tip t
cho t ngun -> Lp cc khi chnh lu -> Lp h thng c quy -> Ni dy
45
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
AC vo t ngun v dy DC n cc t thit b -> Ni dy cnh bo n DDF

-> Kim tra phn lp t -> Kt thc.
BC 1. Kim tra trc khi lp t
Yu cu:
Thit b phi y v s lng theo checklist
Trong qu trnh vn chuyn khng thit b b try xc, h hng
hay mp mo
Cc thanh ray dng lp t t ngun phi m bo c nh, chc
chn.
BC 2. C nh t ngun (MTP54)
1. Xc nh v tr t t ng theo bn v b tr thit b trong trm
2. a t ngun ln 2 thanh ray ri c nh bng cc bulong sao cho t
ngun ng thng bng, chc chn.
Hnh 3.10. T ngun MTP54
46
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
BC 3. Tip t cho t ngun

Lm u ct cho 2 u dy t
Ni t cho t rack n bng t chung trong phng my
Yu cu:
Cc mi ni gia thanh t trong t rack vi dy tip t v bng
t chung vi dy tip t phi cht, chc chn
Dy tip t phi 16mm2
Cc c vt c inhk dy t vo bng t phi lm bng ng.
BC 4. Lp cc khi chnh lu (rectifier-pm12)
Lp 2 module rectifier vo ng khe trn subrack
Dng bt th in kim tra cc tnh ca cc dy trc khi ni in
AC vo Rectifier
Cm dy ngun AC vo l cm trn rectifier
Yu cu:
Trong qu tnh lp khng c xy ra bt k va chm mnh no ln
PM12
Phi vn cht 2 c trn PM12 ln t rack ri mi cm dy AC
Khng cm ngun nu cha kim tra cc ca dy ngun AC vo
(Dy trung tnh, dy pha) Bng bt th in. (Lt nga u cm, bn
phi l dy nng, bn tri l dy trung tnh).
Tho cu ch khi lawpc accu.
BC 5. Lp h thng c qui
Tho cc tm chn trc v vch 2 bn hng.
Tho cu ch (ko xung)
t 4 bnh c quy vo tng ngn ng.
Ni cp gia cc bnh c quy ca tng ngn tht cn thn.
47
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Ni 02 dy bn hng t vo c quy cc m v dng ca tng b c

quy.
Dn nhn cnh bo trc c quy.
Dn s seri ng trc c quy.
Lp cc tm chn trc v vch hai bn hng t.
Yu cu:
m bo lp h thng vng chc, an ton
Lp ng cc tnh v b tr c qui trn khay theo ng thit k cng hng
Khi lng mi bnh c quy 12V/90Ah l 30kg nn phi thn trng khi vn
chuyn
c bit cc dng c phi c cch in tt khi kt ni gia cc bnh.
Hnh 3.11. H thng c qui

BC 6. Ni dy AC vo t ngun v dy DC n cc t thit b
Ni in AC ti Rack ngun
Ni 3 dy pha (mu nu + 2xen) vo chung aptomat 63A trong t
in AC.
Ni 1 dy trung tnh (mau xanh) vo aptomat 63A trong t in AC
48
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Trn 5 aptomat (CB) cho ngun AC trn nh t ngun : ni 3 dy

pha vo 3 CB, 1 CB ni dy trung tnh, 1 CB ni vo dy t.
Yu cu:
Kim tra li mi u ni trong t ngun trc khi u in AC
Tip t cho t AC
m bo cc cng tc v tr OFF
Hnh 3.12. Ni dy AC vo t ngun

Ni ngun DC n t thit b BTS:
Ni cp DC vo 1 CB v thanh (0V)
Ni dy t vo thanh t trn t ngun
Yu cu:
Chuyn tt c cc CB (abtomat), cu ch, cng tc trong t thit b BTS sang
trng thi OFF
Tip t cho t AC, DC trc khi ni ngun n t thit b trnh dng d
ln
Cn thn v cc tnh v mu sc ca dy theo quy nh:
+ Dy xanh l (-48V)
+ Dy en (0V)
49
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Lm u ct cho dy ngun v phi bc gen co nhit

Ni cp DC vo v tr du ngun DC trn t thit b BTS
Hnh 3.13. Chi tit ni in t t ngun n t BTS

BC 7. Ni dy cnh bo n DDF
Dy cnh bo c cung cp theo thit b, mt u c ni connector
sn, u kia s c ct va u ni vo phin DDF trn rack
Microwave
BC 8. Kim tra lp t
Kim tra in p ca cc b c quy: phi m bo 48V
Kim tra in p gia cc dng (0V) vi dy t (PE) 0V
Cch i cp trn thang cp: phi thng, gn t b cong
Kim tra tip t cho cc t thit b v phn kim loi
Phi kim tra ngn mch thit b trc khi bt ngun kim tra
in th trn tng cc in th.
50
N TT NGHIP
3.2.
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
KT QU T C
3.2.1. Nh trm sau khi lp t
Hnh 3.15. Hnh nh bao qut 1 nh trm nhn t bn ngoi

Cc thng s k thut t c m bo trm hot ng bnh
thng
CSSR (call setup success rate): CSSR > 98%
CDR ( call dropped rate): CDR < 1%
T l nghn SDCCH: SDCCH = 0%
T l nghn TCH: TCH = 0%
Chim knh:
Cc thng s thit k:
3.2.2. Cc thit b h tr cho nh trm
Hnh 3.16. Cc thit b h tr nh trm
51
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Bao gm:
My iu ho khng kh
Bnh in, c qui
n an ninh
3.2.3. CC THAM S CN KIM TRA TRONG QU TRNH LP
T TRM BTS
3.2.3.1.
H thng t
o in tr ca bng t chung < 2

Dy t:
T h thng t n bng t chung 50 mm2
T bng t chung n cc bng t ph 16 mm2
3.2.3.2.
Kim tra phn lp t v i dy
Kim tra t BTS v t ngun

Rack c c nh ng vi v tr thit k
T phi m bo cn bng, vng chc.
T khng c trc sn, khng b mo m.
Ca ng kn v d dng ng m.
Dn nhn: dn nhn cho cc loi cp, dy nhy, t BTS.
3.2.3.3.
Kim tra cu hnh phn cng ca t BTS theo ng thit k
S lng cc TRX, ANC.

V tr ca card trn t.
3.2.3.4.
H thng ngun
Ngun AC:
Trc n p: 220 20% (V), 50 5% (Hz)
Sau n p: 220 5% (V), 50 0.2% (Hz)
Kch c dy ngun vo t in AC: 2x16mm2
Kch c dy ngun n t BTS: 5x6mm2
52
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Ngun DC:
in p ra ca t ngun DC 42 58 (V)
Kim tra in p ca cc b c quy: phi m bo 48V
Kim tra in p gia cc cc dng (0V) vi dy t (PE) 0V
Bng 3d. Tham s h thng ngun
Nominalvoltage(input)
Max. current(output) Outputcurrent
Type
(max)
Comment
Singlephase Threephase Singlephas Threephase

230V+15/-
400V+15/-
e
24A
8A
6x12 A(DC)
Batteryseparatel
mini
+15/20%
MTP660medi
230V
+15/20%
400V
24A
8A
6x12 A(DC)
y
Batteryincl.1x1
+15/20%
230V
+15/20%
400V
~35 A
17,4 A
4x34 A(DC)
40Ah
Batteryincl.2x1
20%
20%
MTP 660
MTP54
3.2.3.5.
40Ah
H thng cnh bo ngoi
V tr u ni cp cnh bo trn BTS ng hay cha

Hot ng ca cc h thng cnh bo ngoi
Cnh bo ngun
H thng bo chy t ng
H thng chng trm
H thng cnh bo m ca
3.2.3.6.
Feeder v dy nhy
Tip t cho feeder theo ng quy nh

Dy feeder cho anten trong cng mt sector phi i cnh nhau
Chiu di ca dy nhy cho cng mt sector phi c chiu di bng nhau
Bn knh cong cho php i vi feeder: 36cm
Suy hao cho php < 3Db
53
N TT NGHIP
3.2.3.7.
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Lp Anten
Gc phng v: Kim tra ng theo thit k v tuyn

Gc ngng: Kim tra ng theo thit k v tuyn
Tip t cho anten
VSWR < 1.3
Return loss < -17.7 Db
54
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
KT LUN
Trong thi gian thc hin ti tt nghip, vi s nh hng ca Gio
vin hng dn cng s gip ca cc thy c gio Khoa in - in t,
em hon thnh n ng tin . Sau khi hon thin n em thu
c nhng kin thc sau:
- Hiu r hn v cng ngh Thng tin di ng ton cu GSM.
- Tm hiu c v trm thu pht sng BTS, ng thi i su thit k
mt trm BTS ca Hng ALCATE ti Phng ng Kh, Qun Ng
Quyn, Thnh ph Hi Phng.
- Quy trnh lp t mt trm BTS.
Vi din tch hn hp v nh ca dy c nh Thnh Ph th vic lp
thm nhiu trm pht sng l rt kh khn, hn ch nhng kh khn
ng thi tit kim c chi ph chng ta nn xy dng trm thu pht sng
BTS trn nhng ta nh cao tng. Do vic cu hnh trm l nh hng trc
tip n cht lng cuc gi nn chng ta cn ch n cc phng n kh
nhiu chng nhiu ng knh.
Trong thi gian lm n tuy c tip xc vi thc t nhng do tnh
bo mt ca Cty ng thi kin thc c hn v cn thiu nhiu kinh nghim
nn n khng trnh c nhng thiu st. Em rt mong nhn c s gip
, ch bo ca cc Thy C gio em c th hon thin tt hn.
Mt ln na, em xin chn thnh cm n cc Thy C gio trong Khoa
in, in t - Trng i Hc dn lp Hi Phng tn tnh gip ch
bo em hon thnh n ny. Em xin chn thnh cm n!
55
N TT NGHIP
TRNG HDL HI PHNG
Ti liu tham kho:

1. Thngtin di ng GSM - TS. Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, nxb Bu in
1999
2. Tnh ton mng thng tin di ng s cellurar - V c Th
3. Thng tin di ng - Trnh Anh V, nxb i hc quc gia H Ni 2006
4. An ninhtrongthng tin di ng / NguynPhmAnhDng. - Buin ,
2006
5. Cc cng ngh vint hng hin i. - Buin.
56

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B GIO DC & O TO

ISO 9001 : 2008

THIT K TRM BTS CA MOBIFONE

N TT NGHIP I HC H LIN THNG

NGNH IN T VIN THNG

ISO 9001 : 2008

THIT K TRM BTS CA MOBIFONE

N TT NGHIP I HC H LIN THNG

Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

Sinh vin : Hong Th Lan Anh

M sinh vin : 1213103002

Ngnh: in t vin thng

Tn ti: Thit k trm BTS ca MobiFone ti Hi Phng

1. Ni dung v cc yu cu cn gii quyt trong nhim v ti tt nghip (v

C quan cng tc:

Ni dung hng dn:

Ngi hng dn th hai

nhn nhim v: .T.T.N

nhn nhim v: .T.T.N

Hong Th Lan Anh

ThS. Phm c Thun

Hi Phng, ngy ... thng ... nm 2015

GS.TS.NST Trn Hu Ngh

PHN NHN XT TM TT CA CN B HNG DN

Ngy thng nm 2015

NHN XT NH GI CA NGI CHM PHN BIN TI

Ngy thng nm 2015

2.3.2. Bi ton thc t ................................................................................... 25

TRNG HDL HI PHNG

Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

TRNG HDL HI PHNG

Tng quan v mng di ng GSM.

Quy trnh lp t mt trm BTS.

Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

TRNG HDL HI PHNG

TNG QUAN V MNG DI NG GSM

Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

TRNG HDL HI PHNG

CDMA c a vo khai thc Hn Quc, HongKong, Argentina,

Hnh 1.1. Tng quan mng GSM

1.2. TNG QUAN V H THNG IN THOI DI NG T ONG

Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

TRNG HDL HI PHNG

Trong h thng in thoi di ng t ong th tn s cc my di ng l

Hnh 1.2. H thng in thoi di ng t ong

Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

TRNG HDL HI PHNG

1.3. CU TRC C BN CA H THNG GSM

AUC: Trung tm nhn thc

BSS: Phn h trm gc

HLR: B ghi nh v thng tr

OSS: Phn h khai thc bo dng

EIR: B ghi nhn dng thit b

PSPDN: Mng s liu cng cng chuyn mch gi

MSC: Trung tm chuyn mch

CSPDN: Mng s liu cng cng chuyn mch knh

PSTN: Mng in thoi chuyn mch cng cng

BSC: B iu khin trm gc

OMC: Trung tm khai thc v bo dng

Sinh vin: Hong Th Lan Anh

TRNG HDL HI PHNG

Cu trc mng GSM c chia thnh 3 phn h chnh: