Alexandria University

Faculty of Engineering
Chemical Engineering Dept.
2nd year
Heat Transfer
Sheet # 5

1. It is desired to warm 0.9 kg/s of air from 283 to 366 K by passing it through the
pipes of a bank consisting of 20 rows with 20 pipes in each row. The arrangement
is in-line with centre to centre spacing, in both directions, equal to twice the pipe
diameter. Flue gas, entering at 700 K and leaving at 366 K with a free flow mass
velocity of 10 kg/m2.s, is passed across the outside of the pipes.
Neglecting gas radiation, how long should the pipes be?
For simplicity, the outer and inner pipe diameters may be taken as 12 mm.
Values of k and /x, which may be used for both air and flue gases, are given below.
The specific heat capacity of air and flue gases is 1.0 kJ/kg K.

2. 14.4 tonne/h (4.0 kg/s) of nitrobenzene is to be cooled from 400 to 315 K by

heating a stream of benzene from 305 to 345 K.
Two tubular heat exchangers are available each with a 0.44 m i.d. shell fitted with
166 tubes, 19.0 mm o.d. and 15.0 mm i.d., each 5.0 m long. The tubes are arranged
in two passes on 25 mm square pitch with a baffle spacing of 150 mm. There are
two passes on the shell side and operation is to be countercurrent. With benzene
passing through the tubes, the anticipated film coefficient on the tube side is 1000
W/m2.K.
What value of scale resistance could be allowed if these units were used?

For nitrobenzene: Cp = 2380 J/kg K, k = 0.15 W/m K, = 0.70 mN s/m2

Prof. Dr. Hassan Farag

Eng. Mohamed Abbas
Eng. Moataz Okazy

Forced convection outside tubes

I. Flow across single cylinders
1000> Re> 100000

Taking Pr as 0.74 for gases

0.2> Re> 200

II. Flow at right angles to tube bundles

II.1. Flow across tube banks

II.2 Flow parallel to the tubes