< , >

1.
.
.
.
1.

(sex comb)


()

6,

<> .
.

<> .

, .

.
.

2.
19
.

.
J.H. 1927 X ()
. 1946
. , C. 1939 ()
.
X X ,
() .
. , (
) . ,
() () ()
. X 100150
. .
. , , ,
. ,
, , ,
.

-
(1) vg(vestigial)
.
2 .
(2) e(ebony)
.
3 .
(3) w(white)
.
1 .
(4) cy(curly)
.
2 .

-
Normal fruit flies (wildtypes)

White-Eyed Flies
white

gene

Short-winged flies
.

Leg-Headed Flies
antennapedia

vestigial

(antenna-leg)

gene

Yellow Flies

.
X
yellow

gene

.
Ebony Flies

.

ebony

Orange-Eyed Flies

gene

.
white

gene

Curly-Winged Flies
.

curly gene

,
.

Eyeless Flies
eyes absent