.

CIP - ,
159.925
81221:316.7

, , 1950 :
/ ,
. - 1. . - :
, 2015 ( : ).
- 199 . : . ; 24 cm
500. - : . 188-199.
ISBN 978-86-17-19004-8

1. , , 1967- []
a)
COBISS.SR-ID 217863436
ISBN 978-86-119004-8

, , 2015.
, , ,
.

 _ 3

 _ 5

11

12
13
( ) 17

23

3 : ,
, ,

37

39
44
47
52

55

57
: 62
77
79
94
103
107
115
124

5
129
130
133
(
) 136

 6 :
147
152
154
: ,
160
164
169
182

187

. a ,
, , , ,
, ,
, , , .

,
, ,
/
.
. :
, ,
, , ,
. ,
,
. . ,

,
. ,
.
,
, , .

,
,
. ,
,
, , .
.

,

8 _
. , ,
,

.
, , .
.
,
, , , ,
.
,
, ,
,
. ,

( ), ,
.
, ,

. ,
, , .
.
, ,
,
, , .

.
-
, ,
. ,

, .



,
.

 _ 9
,
,
, ,
.
,
,
(. DAndrade 1995, 182).

 _ 11

, , ,
. , ,
,
.
,
( , , , )
, . .
, , (
, , ,
, )

( , , ,
, , ).
( , ,
)
(Dared, 2004: 125).
,
(, , )
(, , ). , , , ,
,
.
(Tabs 2013, 35).
(), ,
, , , , .
(Tomas&Ikson, 2011, 99).
,
, .

 _ 13
. . ,
.
,
. ,
, (, 2010, 16). .
( , , ,
), 75%
, ,
, .
,
, ,
, . ,
,
, . ,
. ! (Tabs
2013, 29). 21. , ,
. , , , ,
, , -.

.
, ,
,
.
,
.
,
,
. ,
, .

, ,
(Leach 1972, 317 et passim; . 1997, 81).

14 _

. ,
, .
, : 1) ( , ,
.); 2)
( , ); 3)

) (Li, 1983, 16).
/
, / (
. I.3). , ,
, . ,
: , ,
, , , , . ,
(1983, 1819).
,
. , .
, ,
,
,
. ,
, .
,
.

: ,
,

. ,
,
, (Leach, 1972).
(Li,
1983, 2026, *): , ,
, ,
. , .
, , . . , .

 _ 15
, , . , .
: , ;
(), (). ,
:
. ,
, .
, . , ,
, .
,
. ,
, . .
.
, .
, .

. ,
,
; , , , . ,
,
, .
, .
, .
.
.

, . . , x
, y , z , x, y z .
,
, ,
. , ,
, .
. , ,
.
.
, .

16 _
.

. ,
,
, *.
,

, . , , ,
, ,
, .
. ,
, ,

,

(. Reischer and Koo 2004: 300).
, , ,
-

.
, ,
. , , . -,
, ,

, ,
(. , 2002 , 2021, Scherzer, 1991). ,
,
(, 2011).
,

.
,
.

, -.

 _ 17

( )

, (), ,
e () (
, , , ).

, ,
,
. ,
,
, , . ,
.
. ,
.
, ,
. : (
) (
,
,
).
.

/
/ ( , , , , , ,

18 _
, , ). ()
(, ) .

,
() /.
,
.

,
, : ,
, . ( );
(, ); ( , ,
); (, ). ,
: ; ;
, . ,
: ; .
,
. , . ,
, , , ,
.
.
,
;
.
. ,
,
.
, , .
, ,
, ,
,
, , . .
, . ,

 _ 19
. , , , ,
.
. ,
(, ), ,
. , ,
, , , , , , ,
.

, , .
, ,
.
(2010: 2770), ,
, ,
.
, .

, ,
,

(, ,
)




, (,
, , )

20 _
, . , .
, ,

. , , (Bernstajn, 1979, 121147, 1979,
, 2010, 5970).
. , , , , ,
, , , . :
, .
, .
, ,
, , , ,
, .

,
, .
,
. , ;
. (:1905/2003, 80)
, ,
, , , , ,
, .
, , ,
, , ,
, , ,
, (Mehrabian, 1981).

 _ 21

, ,
,
, ,
.
, , , ,
, , .
.
, ,
,
.
.
,
. , ,
, a ,
.
. ,
(Darvin, 1872/2009, 348). , : , ,
(, 2011, 16).

. . , ,
,
, . .
. , 12
(Givens, 2014, 118).
. (1965),

.
. ; .
,
.
. ( )
; , , ,
, , ,
.
, .

22 _
. , ;
,
.
. . ,
, ,
,
!
, /. ,
.
, :
!, , ,
: , .
.
. : , ,
a
;
,
.
,
. , ,
, , .

 _ 23

II

, ,
, ,
,
(. . Mos, 1982, 370, 367, Daglas,
1994, 118).
,
,
,
,

(. Ivanovi i arevi,
2003, 9).
,

. , , ,

,

, . , .
,
, , .
. ,

,
a, , (Csordas, 1999, 172, 176, .
Ivanovi i arevi, 2003, 14; Ivanovi i arevi, 2003, 1516).

 _ 25

,
.
, ,
. , . ,
.
, . .
, ,
, .
, ,
(Daglas,
1993). ,
,
(Gell, 1998).
,
.
,

(Williams, 1978).

,
. :
, . .
,
, ,
. , (III
. .)
.1
. Institutio Oratoria (
), ,
,
1 . ...

, . (...) ,
, , (,
, , 1975).

26 _
.
, , ,
.
(, 2002, 4446, 77, 4850, 7273, 84, 5254, *) , ,

. .
1644. ,
150 ,
/
.
, ,
,
.
,

, ,
,
.
. , ,
,
( , ) .

,
. .

, , .
18. ,
, .
.

,
. , .
, , ,
,
,
20. .
(XVII ) , , , ,

 _ 27
. : , ,
; ; (...) , (...)
, ;
; (...) ;
(...) , ,
. (La Briyere, 1969, 5455).
(Darvin)
(1872) (Darvin, 1872/2009).

( , , ,
) (,
, , .),
.
,
(Trebjeanin, 2009: 7).
,
.
, .
,
, ,
.
, ,
.
, ,
.
, , . ,
, ,
. , ,
. ,
, ,
.
,
...
, XIX
,
, .

28 _


.
, ,
(Wundt, 1904).
(/
) () ,
2.


,
XX . , ,

, ,
.

. , ,

.
,

,
.

19.
. , ,
,
, .


. ,
,
. , , ,
.
2

,
,
.

 _ 29
,
, ,


.
,
, .
, , .
, ,
.
, , , ,
.

(James).
,
. : ( ), ( , ),
( , , ),
( ,
, ).
,
, ,
.
.
(Frojd, 1901/1984; Frojd, 1917/1984).
, ,
, .

,

(Frojd, 1901/1984). (dler) , , , ,
. ,
,
(dler, 1927/2007, 121).
, :
,
(dler, 1933/1984, 187).

30 _

. , ,
, , , ,
(dler, 1920/1984, 247). , ,
.
,
. , , ,
(dler,
1930/1984, 62). ,
, ,
, (dler, 2007, 169).

.

.
,
/.
,
: /
. ,
/
,
/ ,
.
XX ,
, , . ,
,
. ,
,
.

, ,
.
,
, .
, -

 _ 31
() ().

/
. ,
,
, . , : , ,
, . , ,
,
, ,

.
(Birdwhistell) .
,
.
, , .

,
.
,
,
.
,
,
- .
. ,
, .

, ,
. --
,
.
, , ,

32 _
.
,
,
, .
, .
( )


.
, , , , 1941. ,
(Efron), 1972.
, . ,
.

, , , .
, . ,
,
.
,

.
,
(Ekman, Friesen)
, , (McNeill), (Kendon) .
: 1)
:
;
; ,
;
; 2) ,
, ,
.
. , .

.

 _ 33
,
, .
,
.
.
- ,
.

. ,
.


. ,

, .

,
. ,

,
.,
.
, , (
)
*
,
( , , :
, 1956).

.

1960, XX .

(
), ( ), ( ).
,
, , , , , , , .

34 _

(1969) , , ( , , ,
).
XX .

( ,
1972), (1970), (1971), ( ,
1975. , 1975),
( ,
1972) . , 20.
. (1970)

,
, ,
, , .

, ,
.
(
) , ,
(. , , , .),
.
XX
,
(, ,
). (Knapp, Hall, 2013, 2526),
, a
,
, ,
, .
.
. ,
(Givens, 2014, 30).
XX ,
. .

 _ 35
.
.
,
.

. , ,

,
. ,
.

: ,

,
,
.


, .



.

.

(1935) .
,
.
,
. ,
, .
(
, ,
).
, , , , , , ,

36 _
. , ,
. ,

,
.3
,
,
.
.
(1935),
.
, , , .
, , . ,
.
(,
, 1986, . 8). (2010)
. o

. , ,
.

,
, (. Morris, 19772005, 66).

 III

:
, , ,

,
(, , )
, , .
.
,
, (Morris, 2002/2005, 8).
a ,
, ,

. ,
,
, (Darvin, 1872/2009).
(1981),

, , ,
.
: , () . ,
(Ekman, Friesen, 1981)
. . , ()
. () ,
. ( , ,
) .
, .

 _ 39

( ) (Ekman, Friesen, 1981).

(. ), / ,
; . , .
:
; ,
.
,
, , ,
; . .

, ,
. , ,
.

,
. ,
, , , ,
(Goleman, 1998, 2000).

, ,
, ,
. ,
, , . ,
(Goleman, 1998: 110).

40 _ : , , ,


. , ,
,
.
( , /, , , , ,
), ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , .
, . ,
, , , , (
, ; .
, , ,
). ,

. ,
,
, .
,
.
.

.
. ,

( ,
, , , ).

,
(, , , ,
), , .
, , .

, .
?
.

 _ 41

?
,

(Burgoon, 1994).
,
.
,
(Goleman, 1998).


( , , , .).
, ,

.

,
, , .
,
,
, , .
.
.
/Profile of Nonverbal Sensitivity/
(Rosenthal et al., 1977), 220
45 .
( , , , ),
).
/Diagnostic Analysis of
Nonverbal Accuracy/ (Nowicki, Duke, 1994) .
/Interpesonal Perception Task /(IPT,
Archer, Constanzo, Akert, 2001) -

42 _ : , , ,
?
? ?
, ?

, .

,
?

?
. e (
!) (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2002, 106).
,
, ,
, ,
. ,
( , , ).
,
, .

40% , 90%!
. ,
,
(Givens, 2014, 81; Triz, 2011, 73).
.

(Akert, Panter, 1986, Aronson, Wilson, Akert,

 _ 43

2002, 105).
,
(
).
. ,

.

(Goleman, 1998, 41).
.
, ,
, ,
(Rosenthal et al., 1977).
.

,
(Goleman, 2000, 94).
. , ,
, ,
,
.
, .
, ,
, .
.
, ,
,
.

, , ,
. , , ,
,
,
, ,

44 _ : , , ,
, .
,
, , ,
.

. ,
, , ,

.
, , ,
, , ,
, . , ,
, , ,
, (, 1935/1986, 16).
. , ,
, ,
.
(Kretschmer) -
,
, (Hol, Lindzi, 1983, 445447).

. (...)
, .
,
(, 1986, 35).
, , .

, ,
. ,

 _ 45
(, 1986, 25).
(1985),
.
. , , () ,
(, 1986, 79). ,
( , ,
)
, ,

.

:
(1) ,
, ;
(2) ,
;
(3) ,
;
(4) ;
(5) .

.
(, 1969, 612; : , 2007, 245248)

.
, , .
, ,
. , , ,
! (), , , , ,
, , ,
(+) , , .

46 _ : , , ,

, .
, ,
, , .
( ,
), ( ), (
), ( ),
( ).
, , , ,
, , ,
, , , . ,
, ,
. ,
.

, (Maslow, Mintz, 1956).
, , ,

. (,
) , , ,
, , ,
, , . , ,
,
( , ,
, ) ,
, .
( )
, ,
, , ,
,

.

 _ 47

: ( )
/ ( ).
() ()

.

.
, ,
. , , . ,


, , , ,
.
, , , , ,

.
,
, , .
, , .
, , .
, , .
,
, ,
, ,
, .
,
- :
.
,
, . ,
.
, , -

48 _ : , , ,
: , ,
,
, ,
,
, ?
,
?

?

(.
. Lindquist, 2001, Abdou, 2007, Novellino, 2009).
, ,
,
.
,
,
, .
, ,
,
- . ,

, ,
, ,
.
.
. , ,
,
.
, ,
, (Gupta, 2002).
, ,
, ,
,
, ,
, ,
(Banningetal, 2008).

 _ 49


. , ,


.

(Buckser,
2006). ,
, .
, .
. ,
, ,

(Peace, 2013).
.

(, , , )
. (Argyle),
.
.
(, , , ) ,
: ( ) (,
), ( , ). , , ,
, , , ,
. .
.
, ,
, ,
. (, ), , , ,
. , ,
, .

50 _ : , , ,
. , , ,
., . :
, (Abercrombie, 1968,
56).
, ,
.
. ( , , ,
, , ) ,
(, , , ,
.),
.
.
,
. .
.
, ,
, ,

! .4

.
, . , .
: , ,
,
, .
, ,
, .
, , ,
4

, . :
, ,
, , , , . (...)
, , , ,
.
(, 1986: 74).

 _ 51
, , ,
, . ,
(Ekman, 2010, 238).
, ,

. ,
.
, (,
) , ,
. ,
,
, , , , ,
.

, ,
. ,
, ?
, , ,
? ?
(Glas, 2010, 59).
, , ,
( , , , ).
, .
,
, , (Trebjeanin, 2010, 25).
, , ,
., .
, ,
,
, , .

52 _ : , , ,
,
. :
, , .

.
,
. , ,
. (, ,
, ) , ,
, , . ,
;
.
, , ,
, ,
, , ,
, . (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2002, 59).
.
,
.
,
(Veinrajt, 2001, 145).

,

.
,

.
, ,

 _ 53

. , , .
,
.
: ,
.
, ,
, .

,
,
,
.

.
,
( ) ,
,
(Ekman, Friesen, 1981, 81).
, ,
. , , ; ,
,
, .
.
, .
, . ,
, ,
, .

, .
,
.
. . ,
, .
:
,
. .

54 _ : , , ,
, , , .
,
. ,
, :
, , , ,
, ,
,
.
, ,
.

,

, . , , ,
, .
, . , ,

,
.
, , ,
, . ,
, .
(. )
.
,
.
, ,
.
,
. ,
: , ,
,
(Li, 1983, 71).

 IV

.

, ,
,
,
. , a
,
.,
, , .
,
: , , ,
, ,
,
, .

,
. ,
, ,

,
,
.
, ,
,
.
, ,
,

 _ 57
,
. ,

, ,
, .

(,
, , ),
,
, .
, , ,
.
, , ,
. , , ,
, ,
, ,
, . ,
. , ,
,
, ,
.
( )
: (, , , , , , ,
, ), (, , ), (
), (, , ). , (, , , , ) , ,
, , ,
, .
,
,
, : , , ,
.

58 _
, , , . (2009)

. ,
(Neuman, Strack, 2000).
, . (,
)
. ,

(Rosenthaletal, 1977). ,
, ,
, , .
,
.
()
, ,
, .

. (, , )
, . , :
(, IV )
. /
( / ), /
( / , ), /
( / ).
,
( , , , .),
, .

( ), ( )

. ,
, (Mehrabian&Williams, 1969).
.
: ,
, (Zuckerman&Driver, 1989).
, .

 _ 59
. .
(, , , ) ,
, , ,
, , , , , , , . ,
,
.

, , ,
, .
, ,
, , , ( ). ,
, , ,
, ( ) ,
, , , .

(, , ).
: , , .

.
, ( ), ,
.
, , .
.
,
, , ,
, .

, , , ,
, .
: !

60 _

, .
, ,
.
.
, : , .
, ,
, .
,
. ,
. , , ,
, , ,
, .
,
. ,
( , , , )
, , , .
(Tabs, 2013, 450).
, ( ,
, , , , , , ), , , , ,
, , .
.
,
. ,
, (, , , , , , , .),
, (Lyons, 1972).
,
,
, . , .
:
( , ).
(, !)
( , )
,
(Berger, 1984, 185).
, , ,

 _ 61
, , .
: , , , , .
, , .
. ,
.
. .

. , , ,
. , , ,
, , (Loven, 1984, 237).
( , , ) .
,
.
. , e a

.
, . , ,
: , ,
, , !
,
.
, (). ,
.
.

, :
(1) ,
(. );
(2) ( );
(3) , ( ,
);
(4) , , ( );
(5) ;
(6) ;
(7) ;

62 _

(8) ;
(9) ;
(10) ;
(11) ;
(12) ;
(13) ;
(14) ;
(15) ;
(16) ;
(17) ;
(18) ;
(19) ;
(20) , ( ,
);
(21) .
, , , ,
, , , ,
, ( , , ,
, ).

, o ,
, , (, ),
.
, ,
.
, ,
, , ,

 _ 63
, .,
.
(, ,
) . ,
, ,

, ,
. , , ,
XX .

( )
, (Knapp, Hall, 2013, 200).
,
. ,
, , , , ,
,
(, , , , , ,
). ,
, ,
.
-
, : , .
,
, ,
, ,
, ,
. ,
( ),
, (,
2002, 13, 2002, 10). , , .
, .
. ,
,

,
., ,
, ,

64 _
, .

( !), !
, ,
.
,
, , .
,
. :
, .
,
. ,
, , , ,
,

,
- . .
, , .
. ,
, .
,
,
. ,

(, 2002, 3334).

, ,
,
.


. ,


. , ,
: ,
,
, ,
.
.

 _ 65
,
, . , ,
, ,
, , :
(Haukioja, 1993, Goldin-Meadow,
1999).
,
, .
: ,
. ,
, (McNeil,
1995)
. , ,
, ,
. ,
, , .
,

.
, ,
.
. ,
,
.

, . ,
, .
,
,
.
, , .
, ,

66 _

.


. ,
,
,
. ,
,
, , .
,
.
, .
(.
),
(, 2002, 14).

,
. , .

.
,
, ,
. ,
.
. ,
-, , ,
.
,

.
,
(, 2002, 15,
30).

 _ 67

, . , :
, . , .
.
.
.
, , .
,
,



,
,

-. ,
,
.
,


(, , ,
.), ,
(
,
,
, , ,
, .).
(.
, , )

,
, .

68 _
, ,
,

!

: ;
; ;
; ;
; ;
; ;
, ; , .
(.
,
). , ,
. ,
, .

, , ( , ,
, ,
).
,
.
.
. ,
: ;
. , ,
,
(Givens, 2014, 36).
(
, ). ,
.

 _ 69
, , , . , ,
( , , ) ,
.
, ,
, .

:
, ( , , ), ( , , ),
( ,
,
: ! ,
), , ( , ),
(, , ).
,
, (, 2010,150). ,
.
: !,
, !, ., ,
.
, .
: ...
, , : ...
, :
, ! (, 1986, 62,55).
: ... ( )
(, , ) (, 1986,
54). , .


(Sapir, 1927/1984).

70 _

.2
. :
(, : ), (, ), ( ,
), (
). , . ,
, ;
. : . , ,
, .

.2.
() . (1976), , .
, ()
,
( ).

. .
.

( 70%). , ,
, ,
; .
,
.
, ,
, ,
, . ,
, ,
. , , : ,
: , : ,
: !, :
!.
. , , .

 _ 71
,
(. ,
). .
, . ...
, (Givens, 2014,
91).
.

, : ,
(Morris, 1977/2005, 211).
,
. , .
, , , - (
),
, , , , ,
, ,
. , , , : , ,
, , (Morris, 1977/2005, 4950).

, V,
(victory) ,
. ,

, : , , ,
, !

72 _

,
,
(, ,


). ,
, , ,
.
(1981),
: (, ,
, , ), (, ,
, , , ) (,
, , , ).
:
( , ), (
: , !, !, !, ),
( : , , ,
), ( ,
, , , , , )
( , , ).
, ,
.

.2.
. -

, , , , , ,
. ,
,
,
.

 _ 73
.

: , .
, , , . ,
,
.
, ,
. XVII XVIII , a ,
.
.
,
,
,
. ,
. ,
,
: ) , ,
- ; )
,
. , ,
.
. .
:
/.../
.

(Kendon, 1983, 1720).
, , ,
(. ,
, , , , )
,
. ,
, ,
,
, .
, ,

74 _
: , j
. ( , ,
, , .)
, , .
, (Morris,
2002/2005, 103106).
, . . , , ,
,
. :
, (). ,
( ,
, , , , ),
.

(),

(),

( )
(2012)

 _ 75
, ,
, , . ,

. ,

(Kendon, 1980, 91; McNeil, 1995, 84). ,
,

.

,
.
,
:
, , ,
, (McNeil, 1995, 2, 41).
, ,
. ,

.
,
, .
, ,
,
, , ,
(Lakof fand Johnson, 1999, 5, 11, 10; Kihlstrom, 2007,
487). ,

,
(Cienki, 1998: 203).
,

,
, : 1)

: ,
; 2) ,
, : ,
; 3) ,
,

76 _
: , ,
, ; 4)

(. ).
,
, : ,
, , .
. ,
, ()
(. , 2002, 103).

, , ,
. : (
, . ), (
, ), ( , ( , . ),
( , . ), ( , .
).
.
, , ,
, (, ,
, , , ).

,
, ,
,
( ,
, ; .
,

,
).

. , ,
,
, , .

 _ 77

: , , , , ( , ),
, (, ,
, , ), , , ,
, ,
( , ),
, .

.


,
,
. , ,

, , . ,

78 _
, . ,
,
, ,
,
(Washabaugh, 1981, 238).
.
,
(Stokoe, 1980,
365).
,
.
.

, , , , .
, ,
, ,
. . , .

(Stokoe, 1991).
, .
, , , , .
,
: , , , ,
,
, - . ,


(. , 2002, 9193).

 _ 79

,

(, ) . :
, :
// ().
, , , , , .
, ,
, , , ,
,
, .
, .
, (Darvin,
1872/2009, 320).
, --
.

.
, ,
, , (, 2011,
171).
, , , e (1872).
, ,
, ,
, .
,
. ,
,
, ,
,
. ,
,
.

,
.

80 _
(,
, ), , , ,
(, , , , ,
), , , ,
, , , , (
), , , .
,
, .
, .

( ,
). , ,
. ,


,
.
(17411801)
, , , : , , , , , , ,
, , , , .

. ,
, , !
,
. 1974.
,
( ), ,
,
, !

 _ 81

, ,
.
(babyface ,
) , , (Knapp, Hall, 2013, 192).
, .
( !) ,
.
, ,
, (Secordetal, 1959; Knapp, Hall, 2013, 166, 259).
,
( !), ,
, .
,
, , ,

!
, . , ,
, , (Arnson,
Wilson, Akert, 2002, 349)
?

,
(
0, 66 0, 93!)
.
, ( ,
.) (Arnson, Wilson,
Akert, 2002, 347348).
, ,
, .
, .
, .
,
,

82 _

, .

, (,
2004, 134).
. ,
, , ,
, .
, 16 20
. , , ...
, ,
(Givens, 2014).
.
23 ,
(, 2011, 94).

. .
(,
2011, 171).
. : . ,
.
, .
, , : 1.
; 2. ; 3. ; 4.
5. (Tabs, Komunikacija, 172).
,
,
, .

, , ,
.
( , , , ,
)

 _ 83
.

,
(55%)
, (38%) , ( 7%) .5
,
,
(Glas, 2011). (. ) :
, ,
, (I , 6).
,
.
.
, , , , , , , .
(Darvin, 2009, 348).
, . , , , , ,
,
, , .

.


( , , 4 )
, ! (Zajonc, 1968, 127).
(
)
, (Knapp, Hall, 2013, 292).
. ,
5 7%38%55%

( 90%) . ,

,
( ). , ,
. ,
.

84 _
,
, .
, , ,
.
(Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2002, 100).

- .
, , ,
, , , , ,
.
, , , , ,
, ,
.
, ,
.
.
, . , , .
, , ,
.

. , ,

. :
/.../ .
;
, (Darvin, 2009: 348).
, ,
.
- .
,

 _ 85
, ,
(Meltzoff, Moor, 1992). ,
, ,
. , ,
,
, . ,
,
, , .
,
.
, .
:
,
( , )
(Knapp, Hall, 2013, 290).

.
, . , ,
, ,
, .
, , . , , , ,
,
( , ,
).
( , ,
) , (,
). , ,
, , , (
, ,
).

:
, , .

86 _
,
.

: . : ! : ,
: , ! (Knapp, Hall, 2013, 260).
(Facial Action Coding System, FASC), ,
, 46 ,
.

( = 1+2+4; =1+4; = 1+2, .)

( ),
!

 ?
_ 87

, ,
,
.
, ,
, ,
, ,
, .

,
(), ,

(Duchenne de Boulogne), ,

, , .
,
, (orbicularis oculi).
,
, . ,
, .

,
. , (1975),

88 _
. :
(1) ,
, ;
(2) ,
, , ;
(3) ,
, ,
;
(4)
;
(5) ,
, . ,
;
(6)

, , , ;
, : ,
.

IV. 4.

, .
, , , ,
. ,
, , ,
.

, :
. ,
, , .

 _ 89

;
;
.

,
, .
(, 2009, 348). ,
, , ,
, ,
, , . ,
, ,
, , ,
,
.
, , , (
,
). , , , ,
( )
!
, ,
, . ,
: ,
,
.
. ,
,
.
zygomaticus major , .
,
, ! , ,
.
, . ,
(Knapp, Hall, 2013, 287).

90 _
, , . (Izard, 1990).
. ,
( ),
.

() .

(, , , , )
. (Matsumoto,
1992; Miller i Marcus, 1996; Keltner, 1995) ,
: ,
, , (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2002, 100101).

, . ,
, ( : , ,
)
,
,
(,
: , , , , : , , , ,
.).

, , . : ,
80% ,
, ( , ,
).
, .
,
. (
) ( ).
,
, , .

 _ 91

(2011)
(Ekman, 1972, 1986, 2011).
, , ,
.

. , ,
,
, .

,
,
, ,
, .

92 _

, , .

. ,
, .
, .
.

, .
, .
.
,
.

, ,
. ,
.
,
.
.

 _ 93
,

(, , )
.
:
, , , ,
,
),
.

(. Milivojevi, 2004).
, ,
, ,
.
( )
:
, .
, , ,
,
, .
.
: ; . , ,
.
.
.
, , (Keltner 1995,
Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2002, 101), :
.

, . (
, , , ).

94 _

.
. (Givens, 2014).
.
,
(, , , , , )
.
, . ,
. , , :
;
. , ,
(, 1983).
, ,
,
(Argyle, 1976; Veinrajt, 2001, 1519; Morris 2005, 9195; : en
, 2007: 407).

, , .

: , ,
, ,
, , , ,
.
, .
( ), , , , ,
, . , .
, , . , .
: ,
, , ,
, (, 1985),
, . (Kapetanovi, Lubuak, 1888).
, (,
1938/1985).
, , , .

 _ 95

.
( , , , , ,
.).

,
. ,
,
.


. ,
, ,

,
,
(,
1938/1985, 139143; , 1818/1985, 170).
,

96 _

, ,
, ,
, ,
. ,
,
, .
, , ,
, . ,
.
, , .
, . , ,
, , ,
, , ,
, .

:

.
: .
./.../ ,
-, .
, .
, . ,
, . /.../
(, ) ,
,
. /.../ , ,
., , , , :
! /.../
(), , , . /.../
(, 1986, 3032).

 _ 97

(
) , , . ,
, -- .

. ,
,

(Burgoon, 1994, 251, : Givens, 2014, 112).

,
,
, . .
, , ,
,
( ) ,
, , , .

. (Argyle)

98 _
. , ,
. ,
, ,
, (Argyle, 1978).
,
.

, ,
, ,
25% 75%
( 50% ).
, ( , , ) .

(Morris, 2002/2005, 91).
, , ,
,
, , .
,
, , .
, ,
.
, , ,
, , .
,
,
.
, , ,
,
, , , ,
(Knapp, Hall, 2008, 362).

 _ 99

,
. Enface
.

. enface
,
. /... / ,

/.../

(Givens, 2014, 33).

, .
1. , ,
, , , , . .
, , (, 1986, 32).
2. , . , , ,
, .
, . ,
, , , , ,
(Knapp, Hall, 2013, 298).
, .
, .
(, 1986, 32).
3. ,.
, , .
, , :
, , . , ,
: ,
, , .

100 _
4. . , , ,
. , .
, .
5. , . ,
, ,
, .
6. .
. , ,
. , ,
( )
.
. ,
.
7. . , , : ,
, ?
8. . . ,
, ,
, , .
, , ,
, , .
9. . ,
, , , .
,


(Knapp, Hall, 2013, 352).
, ,
( , , ;
, ).
, .
, , ,
. , , , , , . ,
, ,
.

 _ 101

, , , ,
, , ,
. ().

,
.
, .

(, , .).
, (
) ,
(. , , ),
.

, : , ,
,
(Moris, 2002/2005, 92).
, ( )
,
, , , . , .

, , ,
. ,
, .
(
, , ).

102 _

.
. ,
,
. ,
(Givens, 2014, 81).
, ,
. ,

(Morris, 2002/2005, 206; Moris, 1999/2005).
6
.
,
.
,
. ,
, ,
, ( ,
, ). , , .
, ,
. ,
.
, , (Morris, 2002/2005,
205). , , , ,
(Knapp, Hall, 2013, 319).

6 , ,

, , .

 _ 103

,
, ,
.

, ,

.
, ,
,
,
,
.
( , ), ,
/ / .
()
, ,
. ,
, .
, .
; : .
,
: ... ,
(, 1986, 1516). ( , )
, ,
.
, , .

104 _

, , ,
, , . ,
, , o,
, , , .

(Glas, 2011, 191).
, ,
,
. , , ,
, ,
.

, . ,
, , , :
; , ;
, . ,
(Morris, 1988, 196; Glas, 2011, 195).

 _ 105

,
,
, -

(Glas, 2011, 191).


( , ,
). ,
,
(Morris, 2002/2005, 163).
,

, ,
.

( ,
,
),


(. ,
) (Morris, 1988, 179180; Glas,
2011, 195).

106 _

,
.
, . .
. ,
. , ;
(, 1986, 17).
, , , .
(superbio) , ,
, , : , () (
: ). ,
(, 1986, 17).

.
, ,
, ,

, , .

 _ 107

, .
,
. , ,
,
, ,
, .

(Hall) (1976)
. ,

(Hall, 1963; 1974).
, (. )
, :
,
.

108 _
, ,
, (
),
. ,
,
, ,
, . , ,
, .
.
. (1976)
.
1. ( 45 ),
, :
) ( 15 ),
(, ), ,
, .
) (1545 ), .
2. (451,2 ),
(, ), .
3. (1,23,6 ), ,
, , .
4. ( 3,6 ), , , , ,
.

, ,
, .
,

(Patterson, 1968). , , , , , (
!) , , ,
, , .

 _ 109

,
.

.
,
! (Crane, Dollahite, Griffin, Taylor, 1987)

,
, , . ,
.
. ,
, . , ,
, .
, , . ,

, !

, . ,
( ,
, ).

110 _

: , , ,
, .
( )
( , ,
, ).
, 45 (). , ,
180
().
(). ,
().

 _ 111

()

()

()

()

. ,
, .
. , ,
,
.
,
, - , 1968.

, ! (Knapp,
Hall, 2013, 147)

, ,
, , ()
.
, .


, , ,
,
, . ,
,
.
.

112 _
,
(Hol, 1976, 156).
,
, . ,
, .

, (, ,
) . (, )
(Morris, 2002/2005,
155).

.
, ,
,
(, 2010, 169170).
, ,
, .
, , (Knapp, Hall,
2013, 124).

(),
.
, .
,
(Sommer, 1969, 26).

, ,
.
, , , .

.

 _ 113

;
,
.
, ,
,
.

. ,
.
.
, (Morris,
2002/2005, 159).
,
, ,
, . ,
(, , , , ); , (,
, , , ,
, , , ); (, , ,
)
( , ,
, , ,
).


, , ,
, .
, ,

114 _
, , .

, , ,
,
. ,

( , , ). ,
, ,
.
,
( , ), ( ,
.) ( , , ,
, .). , ,
(, , , ), , .
(, , ).
, , . ,
, , , ,
.
, , .,
,
. , ,
( , ,
,
) (Morris, 2002/2005, 159160).

,
. :
, , ,
, ;
, ;

;
, ;
, .

(Knapp, Hall, 2008, 126)

 _ 115
,
( , ,
,

).

,
, , , .
,
.
, .
. /.../
: ...
, (Givens, 2014, 119, 135).
, , .
, , ,
,
: , , .

, .
. , ,
. , e
a, e, e, e, e,
. , ,
,
, , (Harlow, 1958, 673685).
,
(, 1969, 149151).

116 _

,
. ,
,
, -
, ,
, (Bolbi, 2011, 132135; Montagu, 1981).
, ,
,
,

,
.

,

.

.
, , . ,
, . ,
,
.
,
.
... , ,
(Givens, 2014, 120).

 _ 117

: , , ,
.
. , ,
, ,
. , ,
. ,
,
, .
, .
, , ,
, , , , .
. ,
( )
. (
), (, ,
, ) .
. , ,
, , , , , ,
, , , , , , , .
, , ,
, .
. , , ( , ,
, , ,
, , , ), (
, , ,
, ).
.
. , ,
(, , , ) , , , , ,
, , , , ( , ,
,
).

118 _
, , ,
, , ,
( ,
, , , ), .
, !

( )
, . , ,
, .

. , ,
, , ,
. ,
, , ,
,
. ,
,
( , , ).

:
, (
, , , ,
, );
( , , , , );
( , );
( , ,
, );
( ).

 _ 119

:
, ;
, ,
, ;
, ( ),
, , ;
,
, , ;

(, , , , ,
) ;
, , ;
,
, , , .
, , , (Morris, 2002/2005),

. , , :
1. ,
, ,
:
,
,
;
2.
, ,
,
;
3. , ,
, , , , , , ,
;

120 _
4. ,
, ,
, .
, , ,
;
5. ,

,
, ,
;
6.
, ,


;
7. -- ,
.
, ,
;
8.
,
,
,
.
;
9. ,
. ,
,

, , , , , ,
, , ,
. ,

;

 _ 121
10. --
, ,
: , , , ;
11. -- , .
;
12. . , , ,
, , ;
13. , ,
. , ,
,
;
14. , , , ,
, ,
,
, , .

(. , ) (Morris, 2002/2005, 112121).
.
, , (
)
. ( , , ,
),
.
(. Fisher, Rytting Heslin, 1976; Cruso Wetzel, 1984, Knapp, Hall, 2008) , , ,
, ( )
(, , , , )
, ,
, ()
.
! (Knapp, Hall, 2013, 231)

122 _

,

. , ,
: ?
, 23%
.
,
, 68%
(Piz, 2005, 116).
, ,
, .

(, , , , , .)
,
.

, , , ,
, ., , . ,
,
, .
, ,
,

. , ,
,
,
, ,
. ,
, (Morris, 1990, 171; Morris, 2002/2005, 122).

 _ 123
.
. ,
, .

()
:
/ ,
,
.
/ , ,
, .
/ ,
, ,
(Morris, 1990, 172).
, , ,
. , ,
, .
.
, , , ,
, .
, /.../
(Givens, 2014, 127).

, . ,
, .

(, , , , , )
, , ,
. ,
, , ,

124 _

, , ,

.
(
) ,
.

, ,
(Morris, 2002/2005, 122).
(Ekman, Friesen, 1972) , ( ,
, , , , )
, . ,
, ,
(), .
, , ,
, , , ,
.
,
, , .

,
. ,
.
,
, , -
.
. ,
, ,

 _ 125
o (,
) ,
.
, . , , ,
, . ,
, ,
, . .
, ,
,
.
, , , , .
, ,
(Lutzand, White
1986, 405). , ,
,
, (Leavitt, 1996).
,
, , . ,
, ,
,

,
(Ekman, 1992, Jakobs et al., 2001).

. ()
.
, a
. ,

, , .
, ,

126 _
(. Milton, 2005).

.
,

,
. ,
, , , .

, a e (.
Kobayashietal. 2003). ,
.

,
,
, , ,

, . (Soto et al., 2005).
. stiffupperlip,
, , ,
,
, , ,

.
.
,
, , ,
(Breugelmans, 2006).
,
, ,
, ,

: ,
,

 _ 127
(...)7 (Smith, 1998).
. , ,

( ),
, , ,
(Lambek, and Solway, 2001).
,
, . ,
, . , ,
,
.

7 , 2:11, , :

, ,
, , , ,
?

. ,
, ,
(, , .).

.
1. .
, , (, , .) ,
( !) ,

.
, ,
, ,
,
.
:
.
,

 _ 131

,
(, 2009, 62).


, , , ,
.
, (, , , )
(Buss, 2008, 5455).

2.
(
).
, ,
, (. ), , , ,
, , ,
! (Farber, 1981, 90; Segal, 1999)
3. (, , )
.

132 _

4.
, . - (Eibl-Eibesfeldt,
1975) , ,
.
,
, .
, :
,
.
, , ,
,
. (Galati, Scherer, Ricci-Bitti, 1997)
, , , ,

. ,

,

(Knapp, Hall, 2013, 32).
( , ),

.

 _ 133
5. ,
, . , , (, ). ,
, ( ) ,
, ,
, .
,
.

,

( ,
,
.),
, . ,
, ,

.
,
,
, .

,
, .
,
?
, , . , , ,
, .


(Levi-Stros, 1990, 132, 133). ,

134 _

. ,
. ,
,
, . .
, ,
, ,
.
.
.
, ,
, ,
.
.
,
,
, .

, ,
(Burginjon, 1996, 263 ).

, ,
, . ,
, , . ,
, .
. .
,
, ,
, ,
. ,
,
(Feyereisen, 1999).

,
, .

. , . , .

 _ 135
,
, ,
.
. ,
,
, . ;
. , , , ( ), ,
, , , , .


.
;
, , ,
, , ,
.
,
, .
,
, , ,
() .
. ,

. ,
, . ,
, ,
(Allott, 1994) .
,

, .
, ,
.
, ,

e,

. , ,
, , .

136 _
.


,
, .

(
)

, ,
.
,
, .
.

,
, .

().
, , , ,
, .
! , a
( e )
, .

,
.
,
,
(Hol, 1976, 173).

 _ 137

,
.

.

. ,
, .
, .
, ,
(Hol, 1976, 177).
. -

, ,
, .

,
, ,

(Darvin, 2009). , . ,
, . .
, :
, , ,
, . , , , ,
, , .
(Outli, 2005, 45).
,
(Trebjeanin, 2009, 8). , ,
,
. ,
.
(. , , ) .

138 _
, , .

, , ,
(Outli, 2005, 42).
.
, (
) ( ).
,

, .

, , , , , , ,
, , . , , ,
. ,
, .
.
,
,
,
.

,
, ,
.

. , , ,
,

, , ,
, , , , .
, ,

(, , )
,
, , -

 _ 139
. ,
.
,
. , (),
, (),
. ,
, -, .

( )

;

.
.
.
, , ,

. ,
,
(Darvin, 2009, 275).
,
,
, .

.
, ,
, .
, ,
. ,
.
,
, . ,
, , .

140 _
,
, : , , , ,
?
. , ,
(, )
.
, , (Mead), (Bateson) (Birdwhistell),
a priori, ( ) ,
, (, ),
.
,
, ,
, . ,
, .


.
,
,
, , ( ,
) .
, ,
, .
,

(, , , .) .
, , .
,
,
.

(
, , ).

 _ 141
, ,

. , ,
(Leach,
1972). , ,
,
.
, ,
.

, ,
. ,

.
, ,
, , .
,
:
, (, 1986, 21).
, ,
,
. , , -
(
, , .).
( )
. . ,
,

(Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1972, 307).
,
,
, .
, ,
.
:

.

142 _

(, , ,
, ) (
), ( ),
,
.
XX


.



.

(1994),
,

. ,
, , ,
. , ,
: , , ,
, , , ,
! , ,
, , .
, , , , ,
( ,
) (. , 1973).

, , , , ,
, ,
. ,

 _ 143
(. )
() ()
.
.
, ,
, .
, . ,
,

. ,
, (Ekman, 2011, 40).

.
, , ,
,
,
(Trebjeanin, 2011 18).
,
: ( )
,
, (Ekman, 2011, 40).

(1) , ,
(. , ) ,
.
(2) (. ,
.) .
(3)
, (. ,
) .
(4) ,
, , (. ,
.).

144 _

. ,
, .
, , , , .
, , , ,
( ,
, ).
, , ,
( .
,
, ).
, .
, , ,
. , ,
(Aronson, Willson, Akert, 2002, 102). ,
, ,
. ,
(, , , , , )
.

,
,
,
(, 2011).
, , , ,
.
J
,
,
.
, (Ekman, 2011, 40).
, , , . , , , .
,
.
, , -,

 _ 145
: , .

,
. . , ,
,
. , ,
.

,
(Darvin, 1872/2009, 178).
, ( . ,
, .)
. , ,
( , ., ).
, ,
, ( , ,
).
( )
.
,
: ,
!
, , : , , , ,
,
, , .
, , , (,
, ) , ,
.
,
, ,
.

 VI

,
,
,
. ,

,
,
.
,

, ,
. , , ,
,
.
, .


, ,


, ,
.



.
, ,
.

 _ 149
, ,
, -
. ,
( ) ,
. ,

, ,

. ,
.
,
, , ,
;
;
, , ; ,
;
.
,
.
, , , , , .
. , ,

(, 2011, 89). ,
, ,
. ,
,
.

, .
(, )
(, , ):

.

,
, , .

150 _ :

.
. ,

. , , ,
(Berlin and
Kay, 1969, Rosch, 1977, Saunders, 2000). ,
, ,
.
,

.
, , . .
, ,
. , .
, .
, ,
(, , .)

(Arthur, 2000). ,
,
, ,
:
,
, .
, . ,
,
. , ,
,
,
.
.
,
.
, . , ,

 _ 151
, ,
.
, ,
, .
,
,
, (Daglas, 1993, 1994).
, , . , , . .


(Turner, 1984).
, , .
,
, . ,

, .
, ,
,
,
. ,
, , ,
,
. ,
,
(Graybilland, Arthur, 2000).

.
,
: , ,
. ,
,
, .
, , , , , , , ,

152 _ :
, , ,
, , .
, ,
,
.

, ,
: (, ,
, , /, , ,
, , ),
, , ,
, .

, , .
,

, , .
( ) ,
( ,
).
. , , ,
: , , ,
. ,
, , , .

. , ,
(Kocareva Ranisavljev, 2010, 271).
, , , , , . ,
, .
, , ,
( ). , ,

.

 _ 153
. , ,
, , ,
, , . ,
( , , , , , .)
.
, , , : , ,
() .
, , , , ,
(Knapp,
Hall, 2013, 385).
, ,
, , , ,
.

, , ,
,
,
, ,
.

154 _ :

(, , ,
, , , .)
, .

, .
,
.
, , ,
.
.
.
,
: , , , ,
, .
,
,
. ,

. . , , ,
, .
, , ,
. , .
(, , .) , .
,
, .

, ,
.

.

 _ 155

.

, .
, ,
, (, ) .

, .
, ,
.

.

,
(Buss, 2008, 358).

, (
!). ,

?
?
(, , , , , .) (, , , ,
, .) ,
.
. .
( ).
,
( )! , ,
, ,
! (Buss, 2008: 372;
Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2002, 323)
. ,
, (
). , ,

156 _ :
.
,
.
. ,
(Kocareva Ranisavljev,
2010, 271). ,
, , . ,
, ,
,
(Kocareva Ranisavljev, 2010, 21).
,
, , ,
, , , , ,
, .
,

(Kre, Krafild i Balaki, 1972,
422). ,
, , .
, ,
, ,
, ,
! , .

, . ,
.
( ,
, , , , )

.

:
( ) ( ).
.

.
, ,

 _ 157

, . ,
. ,
. , ,
. ,
, . , ,
.
, ,

. , ,
,
, , .
, ,
, .
,
, .
, , ,
, . , ,
. ,
, . , ,
(, 2008, 177191).

:
( , );
( );
;
;
, ;
;
, , ;
;
;
(
);
( );
( , );
, ( );

158 _ :
( , , );
;
( , , );
, ;
;
.
:
, ;
, ;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
.

(, , )
,
. : ,
, , , , , ,
, .

 _ 159

( , , , .).
(
), ( )
. , , ,
, , (Mehrabian, Williams, 1969).
,
.
,
( , , ).
, ,
, .
,
,
.
, . ,
,
. , , .
, ,
.

,


,
,
.

160 _ :

:
,

, , , .

(, 2012, 18).

, / .
,

8 (Frojd, 1920/1994; Lorenc, 1970; Lorenz, 1988, 151, 170)
, ( )
,
(Bandura, 1973; Dollard, Miller, 1950)
.
, (Fromm, 1975),
: (,
) (, ). , ,

, , , , ,
. , , , . ,
,
.
, ,
.

, , .
,
(, ,
.).
, , , ,
(,
8

,
(Trebjeanin, 2008, 127).

 _ 161
, , )
(Lorenc, 1970; Morris, 1994, 75). , ,

, ,
( :
, , , ,
.).
,
. , ,
, ,
, , , ,
.
, ,
. , ,
,
.

, .
,
. ,
.

.

( , ,
), ( ), ( ,
, ,
, , , ),
, . , , , , .

,
. :
, ! , ,
:
.

162 _ :

. ,
(. ). ,
, ,
(Morris, 2002/2005, 235236).

,
, . ,
. ,
,

 _ 163
( ) (Morris,
2002/2005, 240). ,
, ,
,

.
. ,
,
.

,
, .
, ,
.
,
. , , ,
, ,
.
.
, , .
,
,
, .

, , , je
,
.

164 _ :

?
:
;
, ;
, , ;
, ;
;
( )
;
, ,
;
;
.
:
, , ;
, ;
, , ;
, , ;
;
, ;
, ;
, , ,
, .

.
,
, ,

(Ekman, 2010, 29). ,

 _ 165
( ).

.
, , ,
, . ,
, ,
, ,
.
e,
.
. .

. , ,
,
. ,
, , ? .
, , .

. ,
,
.
. ,
,
,
(Moris, 1999/2005: 155).
, : . , , ( )
, .

. , ,
. , ,
,
, .
.
, ( , , ,
).
(2010) ,
, ,
. , ,

166 _ :
,
, . ,
, ,
(, , ,
.). , , :
, , ,
. ,
.
. , , , (, 2011: 276).
,
, . , , ( ,
, , , ,
, ),
,
(Ekman, 2010, 43). , , .
,

, ( 0,20,5 )
. ,
.
( )
(. ) (. ),
(Ekman, 2010, 329). ,
, ,
( ) , ,
, ().
, , ,
, . , , .
zygomaticus major,
,
(orbicularis oculi), , , .
, (
) , .
(Ekman,

 _ 167
2010, 141142). ,
, , ,
,
, ,
. , (

risorious) ( ,
) (Ekman, 2010, 142).
, , ,
, , , ,
, . , ,
11.
,

.
, 11.
, , (2011: 283).
, .
, ,
, ,
. , ,
.
, , .
, , (Ekman, Friesen, 1975).
,
, , (
, ).
, , : (
: )
( : ).
,
. , ,
. ,
,
. , , , , , ,
, , , ,
, , .
.

168 _ :

,

(
)
,
.


. ,


( , ,
, ,

, .)
,
,
, .
, , , (
) ( ).
,
, . ,
, (
, ) (
).
.
, .
.

 _ 169

,
,
, , .

, ,
(Trebjeanin, 2008,
380381).
. (engl. attachment)
, (Bowlby, 1951, 1969)

, . , ,
().

, , , , ,
. ,
,
,
(, 2012, 30).
,
.
,
, , , ,
,
( ).
, ,
, , . (, , , .)
.
.
,
( )
(Bowlby, 1951). , (, , , ) .
, , ,

170 _ :
( , , ,
). , (Bowlby, 1972).
. , .
.
, , (Morris, 2002/2005, 312).
,
,
(, ).
. ,
, ,
. .
,
(Moris, 1991/2005, 80). ,
.
,
.



.


,
. ,
, ,

,
, -
,


,
,
. ,
.
, .
, , -

 _ 171
.
.
. .
, ,
..., .

, , . , , .
. ,
, , , .
(Moris, 1999/2005:82; Iverson and
Goldin-Meadow, 1998).
. , , ,
, .
,
.

.
.
,
. .
, .
. ,

.
, (Morris, 1999/2005, 97).
. , . T
,
, ,
, (Darvin, 1872/2009, 179).
, ,
,
,
, , , , , .

172 _ :
;
(Darvin, 1872/2009, 177). ,
, , .
, , , . , , .
, ( ,
) ,

, ,
. . , ,
,
.
.
;
(Darvin, 1872/2009, 178).

, . , , .
(. , , ,
, , .),
. , ,
.
. ,
(Morris, 1999/2005, 69).
. , ,
. ,
:
.
(, , , , )
( , , ), ( ),
( , ).
,
. (,
) (Goffman, 1971), ,
(
,
, , , ).

 _ 173

, , /
, .

, (Morris, 2002/2005, 99).
, - ,
, , ,
. , .
, , , ,
. (Kendon &Faber, 1973,
: Knapp, Hall, 2013, 373) . : 1. ,
; 2. , ; 3. ;
4.
; 5.
, ,
; 6.
,
, , .
, ,
. ,

.
.

(, 1986, . 57).
,
,
.

174 _ :
E-E
. , ,
(EiblEibesfeldt, 1972, 304).
, ,
(, 1986, 60).
, - .
.
,
,
.
(, 1986, 71).
.
,
, . , ,
. (
), ,
, (Trebjeanin, 2008, 467).
, , ( ). :
/ . ,
, (, 1986, 20).
,
,
-
. , ,
.
, (Darvin,
1872/2009, 308).
, ,
, , , , . ,
: .
( ). , , / ,
( , , ).

 _ 175
,
.
,
.

. , (Morris, 1990, 27). (Mehrabian, 1972)
,
:
; ;
; ; ,
; (, , , ); ,
(, ).
, .
(1935) ,
,
, . , ,
, :
,
(, 1935/1986, 11).
, , , .
,
, , , .,
, , , , , ,
( , )
, , ,
,
( ,
).
.
.
(, ,
) , ,
. , ,
, ,
.
,

176 _ :
,
. , ,
,
, ,
(Knapp, Hall, 2013, 397398).
, (
) , , .
, ,
. /... / , ,
/... /
,
(Chartnard, Bargh, 1999).
(Givens, 2014, 8587).
.
, ,
, .

:

.
, .
, , ,
.
,
, (Larsen, Buss, 2005, 528).
,
, ,
, .
,
(Buss).
, , , .
,
.
.
(Bas, 2014, 43).
, ,

 _ 177
, , .

.
,
, .
a
, .
, , ,
. ,
, , ,
. , ,
. ,
, .
. , :
, , ,
,
, : , , , , .

, ,
. ,
.

178 _ :
, (McCormick, Jones, 1989; Moor, 1985; Perper,
Weis, 1987). , ,
: , , , ,
, , , ,
, , , .
, , , , (Knapp, Hall, 2013, 25).
(1985) : ( ), ( ),
,
( ).

: . ,
, .
:
1. (
); 2. (
); 3. ( ); 4. ( );
5. (, , ); 6.
( ,
); 7. (
); 8. ( ); 9. (
, ,
); 10. (
); 11. ( );
12. ( ,
) (Morris, 1971/1990, 6064).
, , , ,
,
(
, ).

.

 _ 179

. :
(2005/2014)

. ( , , , , )
, .
,
, ,
. , ,
, ,
(, 2014, 29). , ,
,
.
:
.
,
, ,
. , ,
, (Trebjeanin, 2014, 13).
: . , ,
. (, !) ( /). , , ,

.
, . ;
, . ,
, (, 2014, 54).

.

, , , , , , .
.
, , , , ,
, , , . :
, ,
. ,
, , .

180 _ :

. , ,
, , , ,
. , ,
, (Buss, 2014, 110).
, ,
, .
, , .
, .
,
(. Moor, 1985, 237247).

/, , , .
: . , .
/
/ .
.
, , .
.
,
, , , .
,
, : , ,
? ,
, ,
(, 1917/1984).
, ?
, : ,
(, ), ,
, , .
: , (
), ( , !),
( ), .
() , () .
: .
.

 _ 181

. ,
!
.
(, ).
,
, .
, ,
, .
. , , ,
, (, 2014, 101).

. , , ,
, , .
: .
.
, .
, .

. ,
. ,
, , .
, ,
, , ,
.
,
(Morris, 1990, 25, 81).
,
,
. ,
, ,
, ,
.

, . .
, , .
, , ,
. ,
, , , , .

182 _ :
: .
, .
: , ,
, , , , , ...
, , , , , , , , , , .
,
a .
,
(Givens, 2014, 141).

,
, ,

,
. ,
, . ,
, ,
.
, , ,

, ,
, , ,
.

,
.
,
, ,


.

 _ 183

, ,
- ,
, , .
,

, ,
,
. . , , . ,
.


, ,
.
,
. ,
, ,
,
. ,

, ,
, :

,
, , , .
.
, ,
, ,
.
. , ,
. , ,
,
,
, .,
. ,

184 _ :

; , ; ,
, ,
.
,
, . , , ,
,
,
. , , ,

,
. .
,
,

, ,

.
, . ,
,
, , , ,
.
,
,
, . ,

, ,
,
. , , ,
,
,
.

 _ 185



, ,
,
,

.

 Abercrombie, David. 1968. Paralanguage. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 3, 55-59.

Abdou, Mohamed. 2007. A Healing Cult Met with the Baatombu from the
North of Benin: The Kaawo. Anthropology & Medicine 14 (1): 2739.
Adler, Alfred. 1920/1984. Individualna psihologija. Novi Sad: Matica srpska.
Adler, Alfred. 1927/2007. Poznavanje oveka; Religija i individualna psihologija
(prir. . Trebjeanin). Beograd: Prosveta.
Adler, Alfred. 1930/1984. Vaspitanje dece, u Adler, A. Psihologija deteta, Novi
Sad: Matica srpska.
Adler, Alfred. 1933/1984. Smisao ivota. Novi Sad: Matica srpska.
Allott, Robin. 1994. Gestural equivalence (equivalents) of language. Paper for
Language Origins Society meeting, Berkeley.
Andersen, Peter. A. 2008. Nonverbal Communication: Form and Function. Long
Grove: Waveland Press.
Archer, Dane, Costanzo, Mark, & Akert, Robin. 2001. The Interpersonal Perception Task (IPT): Alternative approaches to problems of theory and design.
In Judith A. Hall & F. J. Bernieri (Eds.), Interpersonal sensitivity: Theory and
measurement (pp. 161182). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Aronson, Eliot, Timothy D. Wilson, Robin M. Akert. 2002. Social Psychology
(4th ed.). Englewood Cliffs. N.J.: Prentice Hall.
Argyle, Michael. 1978. The Psychology of Interpersonal Behavior. London: Penguin Books, Harmondsworth,
Argyle, Michael. 1976. Gaze and Mutual Gaze, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Argyle, Michael. 1985. Bodily Communication, London: Methuen.
Argyle, Michael. 1972. Non-Verbal Communication in Human Social Interaction, in Hinde, Robert. A. (ed.), Non-Verbal Communication, Cambridge:
University Press.
Arthur, Linda B. 2000. Dress and the Social Control of the Body. In Religion,
Dress and the Body, ed. Linda B. Arthur, 1-7. Oxford: Berg.
Axtell, Roger. 1991. Gestures. New York: Wiley.
Bandura, Albert. 1973. Aggression: A social Learning Theory Analysis. Englewood Cliffs. N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
Banning, James H, Valerie Middleton, Terry L. Deniston. 2008. Using Photographs to Assess Equity Climate: A Taxonomy. Multicultural Perspectives 10
(1): 4146.

 _ 189
Baron-Cohen, Simon. 2011. Zero Degrees of Empathy: A New Theory of Human
Cruelty. London: Penguin.
Baron-Cohen, Simon. 2003. The Essential Difference: Men, Women and the Extreme
Male Brain. New-York: Penguin/Basic Books.

, . (2011). . : SlovoSlavia.
Bas, Dejvid. 2014. Evolucija elje. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Berger, Josip. 1984. Psihodijagnostika. Beograd: Nolit.
Berlin, Brent and Paul Kay. 1969. Basic Color Terms: Their Universality and
Evolution. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Bernstajn, Bazil. 1979. Jezik i drutvene klase. Beograd: BIGZ.
Birdwhistell, Ray Lee. 1952. Introduction to Kinesics: An Annotation System
for Analysis of Body Motion and Gesture, Washington: Department of State,
Foreign Service Institute
Birdwhistell, Ray Lee. 1970. Kinesics and Context: Essays in Body Motion Communication, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
Blanck, Peter D., Robert Rosenthal. (1992). Nonverbal Behavior in the Courtroom, in R. S. Feldman (ed.). Applications of Nonverbal Behavioral Theories
and Research. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Bowlby, John. 1951. Maternal Care and Mental Health, New York: CUP.
Bowlby, John. 1969. Attachment (Attachment and loss,Vol. 1), London: Hogarth
Press.
Bolbi, Don.1988/2011. Sigurna baza: klinike primene teorije afektivnog
vezivanja. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike,.
Breugelmans, Seger M, Ype H. Poortinga, Zara Ambadar, Bernadette Setiadi,
Jess B. Vaca, Priyo Widiyanto, Pierre Philippot. 2005. Body Sensations Associated With Emotions in Rarmuri Indians, Rural Javanese, and Three Student
Samples. Emotion 5 (2): 166-174.
Bruneau, T. J. 1973. Communicative Silences: Forms and Functions. Journal
of Communication, 23, 17-46.
Buck, Ross. 1973. The Communication of Emotion, Guilford, New York.
Buckser, Andrew. 2006. The Empty Gesture: Tourette Syndrome and the Semantic Dimension of Illness. Ethnology 45 (4): 255-274.
Bugarski, Ranko. 1986. Jezik u drutvu. Beograd: Prosveta.
Bugarski, Ranko. 1975. Lingvistika o oveku. Beograd: BIGZ.
Bull, Peter. 1987. Posture and gesture, New York: Pergamon Press.
Bulwer, John.1969. Chirologia: or the Naturall Language of the Hand. Composed
of the Speaking Motions, and Discoursing Gestures therof. Whereunto is added Chironomia: or, the Art of Manuall Rhetoricke. Edwardsville, Ill: Southern
Illinois University Press (orig. London: Thomas Harper for Henry Twyford,
1644)
Burginjon, Andre. 1996. Prirodna istorija oveka. Nepredvieni ovek. Beograd:
XX vek.
Burgoon, Judee K. (1994). Nonverbal Signals. in Mark L. Knapp, Gerald R.
Miller (ed.) Handbook of Interpersonal Communication, London: Sage Publications, 229-285.
Burgoon, Judee K., Buller, D. B., Woodall, W. G. (1989). Nonverbal Communication: The Uspoken Dialogue. New York: Harper & Row.

190 _
Burgoon, Judee K., Birk, T., Pfau, M. (1990). Nonverbal Behaviors, Persuasion
and Credibility. Human Communication Research. 17, 140-169.
Buss, David. (2008), Evolutionary Psychology the New Science of the Mind
(revised ed.), New York: Basic Book.
Bhler, Karl. 1934. Sprachtheorie: die Darstellungsfunktion der Sprache. Jena:
Gustav Fischer Verlag.
Cienki, Alan. 1998. Metaphoric gestures and some of their relations to verbal
metaphoric expressions. In Discourse and Cognition: Bridging the Gap, ed.
Jean-Pierre Koenig, 189-204. Stanford, CA: Center for the Study of Language
and Information.
Csordas, Thomas J. 1999. The Bodys Career in Anthropology. In Anthropological Theory Today, ed. Henrietta L. Moore, 172-205. Cambridge: Polity Press
1999.
Crane, D. Russell, Dollahite, D. C., Griffin, W., Taylor, V. L. 1987. Diagnosing
Relationships with Spatial Distance: An Empirical Test of a Clinical Principle.
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 13, 307-310.
, . 1973. , : . . . : .
: . 2007. : .
Daglas, Meri. 1993. isto i opasno. Analiza pojmova prljavtine i tabua. Beograd:
Plato/XX vek.
Daglas, Meri. 1994. Prirodni simboli. Novi Sad/ Podgorica: Svetovi/ Oktoih.
DAndrade, Roy. 1995. The Development of Cognitive Anthropology. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Darvin, . 1872/2009. Emocionalno izraavanje kod oveka i ivotinja, Dosije,
Beograd.
Dajmond, Dared. 2004. Zato je seks zabavan; evolucija ljudske seksualnosti,
Beograd: Dosije.
Dollard, ohn., Neal Miller. 1950. Personality and Psychotherapy: An Analysis
in Terms of Learning, Thinking and Culture. New York: McGraw-Hill.
, . 2010. ,
, .
de Condillac, tienne Bonnot. 1974. An Essay on the Origin of Human Knowledge.
New York: AMS Press (orig. Essai sur lorigine des connaissances humaines,1746)
De Jorio, Andrea. 1832. La mimica degli antichi investigata nel gestive napolitano. Napoli: Fibreno.
DePaulo, Bella M. (1992). Nonverbal Behavior and Self-Presentation. Psychological Bulletin, 111, 203-243.
Duncan, Starkey, Fiske, Donald W. (1977). Face-to-Face Interaction, Hillsdale:
Erlbaum.
, . . (1938/1985), , :

 _ 191
Efron, David. 1972.Gesture, Race and Culture:A Tentative Study of the Spatio-tem-

poral and linguistic Aspects of the Gestural Behavior of Eastern Jews and Southern
Italians in New York City, Living Under Similar as well as Different Environmental
Conditions. The Hague: Mouton (orig. Gesture and Environment:A Tentative Study
of Some of the Spatio-temporal and Linguistic Aspects of the Gestural Behavior of
Eastern Jews and Southern Italians in New York City, Living Under Similar as Well
as Different Environmental Conditions, New York: Kings Crown Press, 1941).

Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenaus. (1972). Similarities and Differences Between Cultures

in Expressive Movements, in Hinde, R. A. (ed.). Non-Verbal Communication,
Cambridge: University Press.
Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenaus. 1974. Ethology: Biology of Behavior (2nd ed.). New
York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenaus. 1975. Love and Hate: Natural History of Behavior Patterns. New York: Schocken.
Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenaus. (1987). Social Interaction in an Ethological, Cross-Cultural Perspective, in Poyatos, F. (ed), Cross-Cultural Perspectives in Nonverbal
Communication, Toronto: Hogrefe.
Ekman, Paul. 1992, Facial Expressions of Emotion: New Findings, New Questions. Psychological Science 3 (1): 34-38.
Ekman, Pol. 2009. Pogovor: Univerzalnost izraavanja emocija? Lina istorija
kontroverze, u Darvin, ., Izraavanje emocija kod oveka i ivotinja, Beograd:
Dosije.
Ekman, Pol. 2010. Laganje: kako otkriti da vas neko vara za tezgom, sa govornice,
u branoj postelji. Novi Sad: Mediterran.
Ekman, Pol. 2011. Razotkrivene emocije. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Ekman, Paul, Friesen, Wallace. V. 1971. Constants Across Cultures in the Face
and Emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5, 124-129.
Ekman, Paul, Friesen, Wallace. V. 1972. Hand Movements. Journal of Communication, 22, 353-374.
Ekman, Paul, Friesen, Wallace. V. 1975. Unmasking the Face. Englewood Cliffs:
Prentice-Hall.
Ekman, Paul, Friesen, Wallace. V. 1981. The Repertoire of Nonverbal Behavior:
Categories, Origins, Usage, and Coding, in Adam Kendon (ed.), Nonverbal communication, interaction, and gesture: selections from Semiotica. Mouton: The Hague,
pp. 57-105.

Ekman, Paul, Friesen, Wallace. V. 1986. A New Pan-Cultural Facial Expression

of Emotion, Motivation and Emotion, 10, 159-168.
Ekman, Paul, Friesen, Wallace. V., Ellsworth, P. 1972. Emotion in the Human
Face, Pergamon Press, Elmsford.
Ekman, Paul, Friesen, Wallace. V., OSullivan, M. 1988. Smiles When Lying,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, , 414-420.
Ekman, Paul, Friesen Wallace. V., OSullivan M., Chan A., Diacoyanni-Tarlatzis I.,
Heider K., et al. (1988).Universals and Cultural Differences in the Jugments
of Facial Expression of Emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
53, 712-717.

192 _
Farber, Susan L. 1981. Identical Twins Reared Appart: A Reanalysis, New York:
Basic Books.
Fast, Julius. 1970. Body Language. New York: Evans.
Feldman, Robert S. (ed.). 1992. Applications of Nonverbal Behavioral Theories
and Research. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Feyereisen, Pierre. 1999. Neuropsychology of communicative movements.
In Gesture, Speech, and Sign, eds. Lynn S. Messing and Ruth Campbell, 3-26.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fischer, Agneta H. (2004). Emotion. in The Social Science Encyclopedia /third
ed./, Vol. I, London: Routledge.
Fridlund, Alan J. (1994). Hitman Facial Expression: An Evolutionary View. San
Diego: Academic Press.
Frojd, Sigmund. 1901/1984. Psihopatologija svakodnevnog ivota. Novi Sad:
Matica srpska.
Frojd, Sigmund. 1917/1984. Uvod u psihoanalizu. Novi Sad: Matica srpska.
Frojd, Sigmund. 1905/2003. Dora: Fragment analize jednog sluaja histerije.
Beograd: igoja.
Fromm, Erich. 1975. Anatomija ljudske destruktivnosti. I-II, Beograd/Zagreb:
Nolit/Naprijed.
From, Erih. 2003. Zaboravljeni jezik: uvod u razumevanje snova, bajki i mitova.
Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Galati, Dario, Scherer Klaus R., & Ricci-Bitti Pio E. (1997). Voluntary facial
expression of emotion: Comparing congenitally blind with normally sighted
encoders. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1363-1379.
Gell, Alfred.1998. Art an Agency. An Anthropological Theory. Oxford: Clarendon
Press.
Glas, L. 2011. Znam ta misli. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.

Givens, David. 1978. The nonverbal basis of attraction: Flirtation, courtship, and seduction. Psychiatry, 41, 336359.
Givens, David 2005.The Nonverbal Dictionary of Gestures, Signs & Body Language
Cues. Washington: Center for Nonverbal Studies Press.
Givens, Dejvid. 2014. Ljubavni signali: terenski prirunik o govoru tela prilikom
udvaranja. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Goffman, Erving. 1963. Behavior in Public Places. San Francisko: Free Press.
Goffman, Erving. 1971. Relations in Public Places. New York: Basic Books.
Gofman, Erving. (2000). Kako se predstavljamo u svakodnevnom ivotu. Beograd: Geopoetika.
Goleman, Danijel. 1998. Emocionalna inteligencija. Beograd: Geopoetika.
Goleman, Danijel. 2000. Socijalna inteligencija. Beograd: Geopoetika.
Goleman, Danijel. 2004. Destruktivne emocije. Beograd: Geopoetika.
Goldin-Meadow, Susan. 1999. The development of gesture with and without
speech in hearing and deaf children. In Gesture, Speech, and Sign, eds. Lynn S.
Messing and Ruth Campbell, 117-132. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Graybill, Beth, Linda B. Arthur. 2000. The Social Control of Womens Bodies
in Two Mennonite Communities. In Religion, Dress and the Body, ed. Linda
B. Arthur, 19-29. Oxford: Berg.

 _ 193
Gupta, Akhil. 2002. Reliving Childhood? The Temporality of Childhood and
Narratives of Reincarnation. Ethnos 67 (1): 33-56.
Hall, Judith. 1984. Nonverbal Sex Differences: Communication Accuracy and
Expressive style, Baltimor: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Hall, Edward, T. 1963. A System for Notation of Proxemic Behavior. American
Anthropologist 65 (5): 1003-1026.
Hall, Edward, T. 1968. Proxemics. Current Anthropology 9 (2-3): 83-100.
Hall Edward. . 1966 The hidden dimension. Chicago: Doubleday Co.
Hall Edward. . 1974. Handbook for proxemic research. Washington: American
Anthropology Assn.
Harlow, Harry F. 1958. The nature of love. American Psychologist, 13, 673685.
Harlow, Harry F. 1974. Oblici oseajnosti, u Rene Zazo. 1974/1985. Poreklo
ovekove oseajnosti. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike, 45-55.
Haukioja, Timo. 1993. Pointing in Sign Language and Gesture: An Alternative
Interpretation. Language and Communication 13 (1): 19-25.
Henley, N. M. (1977). Body Politics: Power, Sex and Nonverbal Communication.
Englewood Clifts: Prentice-Hall.
Hess, Eckhard H. (1975). The Tell-Tale Eys. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Hinde, Robert A. (1972) (ed.), Non-Verbal Communication, University Press,
Cambridge.
Hol, Kelvin, S., Gardner Lindzi. 1983. Teorije linosti, Beograd: Nolit.
Hol, Edvard T. (1976). Nemi jezik, Beograd: biblioteka XX vek.
Ivanovi, Zorica, Predrag arevi. 2003. O statusu tela u antropologiji. U
Antropologija tela, prir. Zorica Ivanovi, Predrag arevi, 9-24. Kultura 105106.
Izard, Carroll E. 1971. The Face of Emotion. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Izard, Carroll E. 1977. Human Emotions. New York: Plenum Press.
Izard, Carroll E. 1990. Facial Expressions and Regulation of Emotions. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 487-498.
Izard, Carroll E. 1991. The Psychology of Emotions. New York: Plenum Press.
Jacobson, Roman. 1972. Motor Signs for Yes and No. Language and Society, 1,
91-96.
Jakobs, Esther, Antony S. R. Manstead, Agneta H. Fischer. 2001. Social Context
Effects on Facial Activity in a Negative Emotional Setting. Emotion 1 (1): 5169.
Jaworski, A. 1993. The Power of Silence: Social and Pragmatic Perspectives,
Newbury Park: Sage.
Jensen, J. Vernon. 1973. Communicative functions of Silence. ETC, 30, 249-257.
Kapetanovi Lubuak, M. 1888. Narodno blago. Sarajevo: Svjetlost.
, . 1846/1985. . :
.

194 _
, . 1918/1985. . : .
Kendon, Adam. 1980. Gesture and speech: two aspects of the process of utterance. In Nonverbal Communication and Language, Mary Ritchie Key, ed.,
207-227. The Hague: Mouton.
Kendon, Adam. 1983. Gesture and Speech: How They Interact, in J. M. Wiemann,
R.P. Harrison (eds.), Nonverbal Interaction, London: Sage.
Kendon, Adam. 1989. Gesture, in International Ecyclopedia of Communication, vol. 2, Oxford University Press, New York.
Kendon, Adam. 1990. Conductiong Interaction: Patterns of Behavior in Focused
Encounters. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kihlstrom, Jhn. 1987. The cognitive unconscious. Science, 237:14451452.
Kihlstrom, Jhn. 2007. Freud je balast za psihologiju, u Atkinson/Hilgardov
Uvod u psihologiju. Jastrebarsko: Slap.
Knapp, Mark, Cody, M., Reardon, K. 1987. Nonverbal Signals, in Berger, C.,
Chaffe, S. (eds.), Handbook of Communication Science. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Knapp, Mark. L., Judith Hall, Terrence G. Horgan. 2013. Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction (8 ed.), Wadsworth Publishing.
Knapp, Mark L., Gerald R. Miller (ed.). 1994. Handbook of Interpersonal Communication, London: Sage Publications.
Kocareva Ranisavljev, Marina. 2010. Moda i odevanje. Beograd: Slubeni glasnik.
Kobayashi, Futoshi, Diane L. Schallert, Holly A. Ogren. 2003. Japanese and
American Folk Vocabularies for Emotions. The Journal of Social Psychology
143 (4): 451-478.
Kre, David, Riard S. Krafild i Igerton L. Balaki. 1972. Pojedinac u drutvu.
Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Kuper, Alan. i Desika Kuper. 2009. Neverbalna komunikacija, u Enciklopedija
drutvenih nauka, tom 2. Beograd: Slubeni glasnik.
La Briyere.1969. . : .
Lakoff, George,Mark Johnson. 1999.Philosophy in the Flesh:The Embodied Mind
and Its Challenge to Western Thought. New York: Basic Books

Lambek, Michael, Jacqueline S. Solway. 2001. Just Anger: Scenarios of Indignation in Botswana and Madagascar. Ethnos 66 (1): 4972.
Leach, Edmund. 1972. The Influence of Cultural Context on Non-verbal
Communication in Man. In Non-verbal Communication, ed. Robert A. Hinde, 315-347. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Leavitt, John. 1996. Meaning and Feeling in the Anthropology of the Emotions.
American Ethnologist 23 (3): 514539.
Lee, M. E. et all., Cultural Influences on Nonverbal Behavior in Applied Settings, in Feldman, R. S. (ed.) (1992). Applications of Nonverbal Behavioral
Theories and Research. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Levi-Stros, Klod. 1990. Totemizam danas. Beograd: XX vek.
Li, Edmund. 1983. Kultura i komunikacija. Logika povezivanja simbola. Uvod
u primenu strukturalistike analize u socijalnoj antropologiji. Beograd: Prosveta/
XX vek.

 _ 195
Lindquist, Galina. 2001. Transforming Signs. Iconicity and Indexicality in
Russian Healing and Magic. Ethnos 66 (2): 181206.
Lutz, Catherine, Geoffrey M. White. 1986. The Anthropology of Emotions.
Annual Review of Anthropology 15: 405-436.
Lorenz, Konrad. 1988. Temelji etologije, Zagreb: Globus.
Lorenc, Konrad. 1970. O agresivnosti. Beograd: Vuk Karadi.
Loven, Aleksandar. 1984. Bioenergetika. Beograd: Nolit.
Lyons, J. (1972). Human Language, Hinde, Robert A. (ed.), Non-Verbal Communication, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mallery, Garrick. 1972. Sign Language Among North American Indians (Compared)
with that Among Other Peoples and Deaf-Mutes. The Hague: Mouton (orig. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institute Bureau of Ethnology 1881)

Maslow, A. H., Mintz, N. L. (1956). Effect of Esthetic Surroundings: Initial

Effect of Three Estetic Conditions Upon Perceiving Energy and Well-Being
in Faces. Journal of Psychology, 41, 247-254.
McCormick, Naomi B., Jones, Andrew J. (1989). Gender Differences in Nonverbal Flirtation. Journal of Sex Education & Therapy, 15, 271-282.
McCrosky, James C, C. E. Larson, Mark Knapp. (1971). An Introduction to
Interpersonal Communication. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
McNeil, David. 1995. Hand and Mind. What Gestures Reveal about Thought.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
McNeill, David. 2000. Language and Gesture. Cambridge University Press.
Mehrabian, Albert. 1967. Orientation Behaviors and Nonverbal Attitude Communication. Journal of communication, 17, 324-32.
Mehrabian, Albert, Martin Williams (1969). Nonverbal Concomitans of Perceived and Intended Persuasiveness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 13, 37-57.
Mehrabian, Albert. 1972 (ed). Nonverbal Communication. Chicago: Aldine.
Mehrabian, Albert. 1981. Silent Messages: Implicit communication of emotions
and attitudes (2nd ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth.
Meltzoff, Andrew. N., M. Keith Moore. 1992. Early Imitation within a Functional Framework: the Importance of Person Identity, Movement, and Development. Infant Behavior and Development, 15, 479-505.
Miller, Gerald F. 2000. The Mating Mind. New York: Doubleday.
Milivojevi, Zoran. 2004. Emocije, Novi Sad: Prometej.
Milton, Kay. 2005. Emotion (or Life, the Universe, Everything). The Australian
Journal of Anthropology 16 (2): 198-211.
Montagu, M. F. Ashley. 1971. Touching: The Human Significance of Skin, New
York: Columbia University Press.
Moore, Monica M. 1985. Nonverbal Courtship Patterns in Women: Content
and Consequences, Ethology and Sociobiology, 6, 237-247.
Morris, Desmond. 1967/2005. Goli majmun. Ni: Zograf
Morris, Desmond. 1969. The Human Zoo. London: Jonathan Cape
Morris, Desmond. 1971/1990. Intimno ponaanje, Beograd: SIC.

196 _
Morris, Desmond. 2002/2005. Otkrivanje oveka kroz gestove i ponaanje, Zograf, Ni.
Morris, Desmond. 1988. Govor tijela, Zagreb: August Cesarec.
Moris, Desmond. 1999/2005. Razumevanje bebe. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Morris, Desmond. 1994. Human Animal. London: BBC Books.
Mos, Marsel. 1982. Sociologija i antropologija I. Beograd: Prosveta/ XX vek.
Neuman, Roland, Strack, Fritz. (2000), Mood contagion, Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 79, 211-223.
Novellino, Dario. 2009. From impregnation to attunement: a sensory view
of how magic works. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute (N.S.) 15:
755-776.
Nowicki, Stephen, Marshall P. Duke. 1994. Individual differences in the nonverbal communication of affect: The diagnostic analysis of nonverbal accuracy
scale. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 18(1), 9-35.
Olport, Gordon V. 1969. Sklop i razvoj linosti, Beograd: Kultura.
Outli, Kit. Emocije. 2005. Beograd: Clio.
Oatley, Keith, Jennifer M. Jenkins. 1998. Understanding Emotions. Oxford:
Blackwell Publishers.
, . 1779/1983. . : .
Peace, Adrian. 2013. The phatic finger: Public gesture and shared meaning on
the highways of the Australian Outback. The Australian Journal of Anthropology
24: 99114.
Perper, Timothy. 1985. Sex Signals: The Biology of Love. Philadelpia: ISI Press,
Petterson, Miles L. 1968. Spatial Factors in Social Interaction, Human Relations, 21, 351-361.
Patterson, Miles L. 1983. Nonverbal Behavior: A Functional Perspective, New
York: Springer-Verlag.
Piz, Alan i Barbara. 2005. Definitivni vodi kroz govor tela. Beograd: Mono&Manjana.
Radovanovi, Milorad. (1979). Sociolingvistika. Beograd: BIGZ.
Reischer, Erica and Kathryn S. Koo. 2004. The Body Beautiful: Symbolism and
Agency in the Social World. Annual Review of Anthropology 33: 297-317.
Riggio, R. E., Friedman, H. S. (1986). Impression Formation: The Role of
Expressive Behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 421-427.
Rosch, Eleanor. 1977. Human categorization. In Advances in Cross-Cultural
Psychology Vol. I, ed. N. Warren, 1-49. London: Academic Press.
Rosenthal, R. et al. (1977), The PONS test: Measuring Sensitivity to Nonverbal Cues, in P. McReynolds, ed., Advances in Psychological Assesment. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass
, . 2010. , : .
Russell, James A., Jose-Miguel Fernandez-Dols (eds.). 1997. The Psychology of
Facial Expression. Cambrildge University Press.

 _ 197
Rutter, Derek R. 1984. Looking and Seeing: The Role of Visual Communication
in Social Interaction. New York: Wiley.
Sapir, Edvard. 1984. Ogledi iz kulturne antropologije. Beograd: XX vek.
Saunders, Barbara. 2000. Revisiting Basic Color Terms. Journal of the Royal
Anthropological Institute 6 (1): 81-99.
Scherer, Klaus R. (1979). Personality Markers in Speech, in Klaus Scherer,
Howard Giles (eds.). Social Markers in Speech. London: Cambridge University
Press.
Scherzer, Joel. 1991. The Brazilian Thumbs-Up Gesture. Journal of Linguistic
Anthropology 1 (2): 189-197.
Secord, Paul F., William Dukes, William Bevan. (1959). Personalities in Faces:
An Experiment in Social Perceiving. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 49, 231279.
Segal, Nancy. 1999. Entwined Lives: Twins and What They Tell Us About Human
Behavior. New York: Dutton.
Sheflen, Albert E. 1972. Body Language and the Social Order. Englewood Cliffs:
Prentice-Hall.
Siegman, Aron W., Stanley Feldstein. (eds.) 1987. Nonverbal Behavior and
Communication, Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Smith, Mark S. 1998. The Heart and Innards in Israelite Emotional Expressions:
Notes from Anthropology and Psychobiology. Journal of Biblical Literature 117
(3): 427-436.
Sommer, Robert. 1969. Personal Space. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
Sommer, Robert. 1972. Design Awarness. San Francisco: Rinehart Press.
Soto, Jos A, Robert W. Levenson, and Rachel Ebling. 2005. Cultures of Moderation and Expression: Emotional Experience, Behavior, and Physiology in
Chinese Americans and Mexican Americans. Emotion 5 (2): 154-165.
Stokoe, William C. 1980. Sign Language Structure. Annual Review of Anthropology 9:355-390.
Stokoe, William C. 1991. Semantic Phonology. Sign Language Studies 71 (1):
107-114.
Tabs, Stjuart 2013. Komunikacija: Principi i konteksti. Beograd: Clio.
Tomas, Dejvid K., Ker Inkson. 2011). Kulturna inteligencija: iveti i raditi globalno, Beograd: Clio.
Tomkins, Silvan, Carroll Izard (eds.). 1965. Affect, Cognition and Personality.
New York: Springer.
, . 1986. . (1935/1986),
, : , 307337.
Trebjeanin, arko. 2008. Renik psihologije (IV izd.). Beograd: Stubovi kulture.
Trebjeanin, arko. 2009. Darvinovo odgonetanje emocionalnih izraza, u arls
Darvin. Izraavanje emocija kod oveka i ivotinja. Beograd: Dosije.

198 _
, . 2010. . , ,
, 5, : , 175-181.
Trebjeanin, arko. 2011. Vetina deifrovanja nemutog jezika, u Lilijan Glas.
Znam ta misli. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Trebjeanin, arko. 2011. Ekmanovo dekodiranje facijalnih izraza emocije, u
Pol Ekman. Razotkrivene emocije. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
, . 2012. (VI .). :
.
Trebjeanin, arko. 2014. Neverbalni jezik ljubavi, u Dejvid Givens. Ljubavni
signali: terenski prirunik o govoru tela prilikom udvaranja. Beograd: Zavod za
udbenike.
Trebjeanin, arko. 2014a. Evolucija obrazaca seksualnog ponaanja, u Dejvid
Bas. Evolucija elje. Beograd: Zavod za udbenike.
Triz , Endru. 2011. Dekodiranje ljubavi: otkria nauke o ljubavi. Novi Sad:
Psihopolis.
, . (1935/1986).
. : .
Turner, Bryan S. 1984. Body and Society: Explorations in Social Theory. Oxford:
Basil Blackwell.
Tylor, Edward B. 1865. Researches into the Early History of Mankind and the
Development of Civilization. London: Murray.
Veinrajt, Gordon R. 2001. Govor tela. Beograd: Alnari.
Vorf, Bendamin Li. 1979. Jezik, misao i stvarnost. Beograd: BIGZ
Washabaugh, William. 1981. Sign Language in its Social Context. Annual Review of Anthropology 10:237-252
Watson, O. Michael. (1970). Proxemic Behavior: A Cross-Cultural Study. Mouton: The Hague.
Veldal, Kevin. 1979. Drutveno ponaanje. Beograd: Nolit.
Williams, Drid. 1978. Deep Structures of the Dance. In The Yearbook of Symbolic Anthropology I, ed. Erik Schwimmer, 211-230. London/ Montreal: C.
Hurst & Company/ McGill-Queens University Press.
Wundt, Wilhelm. 1904. Vlkerpsychologie. Eine Untersuchung der Entwinklungsgesetze von Sprache, Mythus und Sitte, vierter Teil. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann
Verlag.
Zajonc, Robert. 1968. Attitudinal Effects of Mere Exposure Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (9): 1-27.
Zuckerman, Miron, Driver, Robert E. (1989). What Sounds Beautiful is Good:
The Vocal Attractiveness Stereotype. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 14, 67-82.
, . 1997. , :
43.
, . 2002a. I: . :
.

 _ 199
, . 2002. II: , :
.
, . 2011.
. .
.
XXI , . , 7-25.
:
.
, . 2012. : .
7 (2): 315-341.




-
, 2015.

, 5
www.zavod.co.rs

: 12
: 16,5 23,5 cm
: 500

:
2015.
.

2015.
.

:
2015.
.

2015.