UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF AVIATION TECHNOLOGY

HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC

AJD 20603
PNEUMATIC MIND MAP
PREPARED BY:
EZZUL HELMI BIN MOHD YUSOF 53106114095

3 AEM 2

SUBMISSION DATE: 6/10/2015

PREPARED FOR:
MR AMIR HAKIMIN BIN HASHIM

SEMESTER JULY 2015

INTRODUCTION
 uses compressible air

used in powered aircraft instrument, cabin

pressurization, anti-icing/deicer boots and generally
for back-up system for landing gear, brakes, flaps and
other subsystem in the event of hydraulic failure.

air are compressible and therefore the pressure in the system

can reduce gradually from the maximum system
pressure to zero pressure.

Must always kept clean by means of filter and also

be kept free from moisture
and oil droplet or vapor
No need for return line

Compressed air Usually being dumped overboard which

Requires no additional tubing, fitting and valves

ADVANTAGES

AIR SUPPLY WILL NOT FINISH

THE UNIT ARE SIMPLE AND LIGHT WEIGHT

 FREE FROM TEMPERATURE PROBLEM

NO FIRE HAZARD AND DANGER OF EXPLOTION

CONTAMINATION CAN BE MINIMIZED BY PUTTING PROPER FILTER

INSTALLATION

DISADVANTAGES

HARD TO DETERMINE THE LEAKAGE

NOT SUITABLE FOR HIGH WORKING FUNCTION

 LIMITED OPERATION BY AIR SUPPLY

IN HIGH PRESSURE SYSTEM, THE SYSTEM CANNOT BE RECHARGE IN FLIGHT

HIGH PRESSURE PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

STORED IN METAL BOTTLES

WORKING PRESSURE BETWEEN 1000 PSI TO 3000 PSI

INCORPORATED WITH 2 VALVES

CHARGING VALVES ALLOWS A GROUND OPERATED COMPRESSOR TO BE

CONNECTED TO IT

THE CONTROL VALVES ACT AS SHUTOFF VALVES AND CANNOT BE RECHARGE

IN FLIGHT AND DOES NOT ALLOW FOR CONTINIOUS OPERATION
MEDIUM PRESSURE PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

WORKIN RANGE 100 PSI TO 150 PSI

NOT INCLUDE AN AIR BOTTLES

 SOURCE OF BLEED AIR COMES FROM THE TURBINE ENGINE

SOME AIRCRAFT TAKES THE BLEED AIR FROM THE LEADING EDGES OF WING
FROM THE FORMATION OF ICE

ALSO USED FOR PROVIDING THE ENGINE STARTING AND FOR PRESSURIZING
AND CONTLOLLING THE TEMPERATURE IN THE CABIN

LOW PRESSURE PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

USED AS PRIMARY GYRO OR AS A BACKUP INSTRUMENT

USED TOGETHER WITH AN ENGINE DRIVEN VACUM PUMP TO EVACUATE THE

INSTRUMENT CASE

RECIP ENGINE AIRCRAFT USES AIR PUMPS DRIVE BY ELECTRIC MOTOR TO

PROVIDE FLOW FOR THE GYROS

2 TYPES OF MAIN PUMP THAN BE USED

 WET VACUMM PUMP
USES STEEL VANE MOVING IN CAST IRON HOUSING
SEALED AND LUBRICATED BY ENGINE OIL
OIL IS DISCHARGE IN THE AIR AND REMOVE BY THE OIL SEPERATOR

DRY VACUUM PUMP

USED CARBON VANE AND ROTORS

USED IN MODERN AIRCRAFT
NOT REQUIRE ANY LUBRICATION
PRODUCING A VACUMM AND PULLING AIR THROUGH THEM
BASIC PROBLEM IS THE CARBON VANERS ARE EASILY BROKEN OR DAMAGE
IMPORTANT TO ALL AIR THAT MUST BE FILTER BEFORE ENTERING THIS TYPE
OF PUMP

RELIVE VALVES

USED AS A PREVENTING DAMAGE OF COMPONENTS

ACTS AS PRESSURE LIMITING UNIT
AT NORMAL, SPRINGS HOLDS THE VALVE CLOSED AND AIR REMAINS IN THE
PRESSURE LINE
IF MANY PRESSURE DETECTED , THE FORCE WILL OVERCOME AND OPEN THE
RELIEF VALVES
THE VALVE KEEP OPEN UNTIL THE PRESSURE DROPS TO NORMAL
CONTROL VALVES

NECESSARY PART OF A TYPICAL PNEAUMATIC SYSTEM

USED TO CONTROL THE AMOUNT OF AIR PRESSURE IN OPERATING A
SUBSYSTEM
CONSIST OF 3 PORT HOUSING, 2 POPPET VALVES AN A CONTROL LEVER WITH
2 LOBES

CHECK VALVES

USED BOTH HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

ONLY ALLOWS 1 DIRECTION OF CURRENT TO FLOW
AIR ENTERS ONE PORT OF THE VALVES AND COMPRESSED THE LIGHT SPRING
TENSION AND FORCE THE VALVES TO BE OPEN
IF AIR COMES IN REVERSE DIRECTION, AIR PRESSURES CLOSES THE VALVE
AND PRENVENTING A FLOW AIR OUT FROM THE PORT
CHECK VALVES IS A 1 DIRECTION FLOW VALVES

RESTRICTOR

AS A CONTROL VALVE IN PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

HAVE ORIFICE WITH LARGE INLETS PORTS AND SMALL OUTER PORT
THE SMALL OUTLET REDUCES RATE OF AIRFLOW AND SPEED ON OPERATION
OF AN ACTUATING UNIT
VARIABLE RESISTOR
SPEED REGULATING UNIT IN PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
HAVE ADJUSTABLE NEEDLE VALVE,WHICH HAVE THREADS AROUND THE TOP
AND APOINT ON THE LOWER END
DEPEND ON 1 DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT,THE NEEDLE VALVE MOVES THE
SHARP POINT INTO OR OUT OF A SMALL OPENING TO DECREASE OR
INCREASE THE SIZE OF OPENING

FILTER
USED TO PROTECT THE SYSTEM, PREVENT DIRTS AND CONTIMINATION
 MICRONIC FILTER, CONSIST HOUSING 2 PORTS,REPLACEABLE FILTER
CATRIDGE AND AREKIVE VALVE
AIR ENTER INTO THE INLET AND CIRCULATES AROUND THE CELLULOSE
CATRIDGE,THEN FLOW THROUGH THE CENTRE OF THE CATRIDGE AND OUT
THE OUTLET PORT
SIMILAR TO MICRONIC FILTER BUT HAVE PERMANENTS SCREEN WIRE FILTER

SHUTTLE VALVE

INSTALL TO ALLOW THE PNEUMATIC SOURCE TO OPERATE FROM THE

GROUND SOURCE
ISOLATES THE COMPRESSOR WHEN THE PRESSURE FROM EXTERNAL IS
HIGHER THAN THE COMPRESSOR ,WHEN THE ENGINE IS NOT RUNNING
USED TO PROVIDE AN EMERGENCY PNEAUMATIC BACKUP FOR HYDRAULIC
LANDING GEAR OR BRAKE SYSTEM

MAINTENANCE AND STANDARD PRECAUTION

SERVICING,TROUBLE SHOOTING, REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF

COMPONENTS AND OPERATIONAL TEST
AIR COMPRESSOR LUBRICATION OIL SHOULD BE CHECKED DAILY
AFTER OIL ADDED, FILTER PLUG MUST BE TORQUE AND DO SAFETY WIRE
LOCKING
SHOULD BE PURGED PERIODICALLY TO REMOVE ANY CONTAMINANTS,
MOISTURE AND OIL
MUST CHECK FOR COMPONENTS FOR HIGHEST STANDARD OF CLEANLINES
LEAK TESTING MUST BE PERFORM BY REFERING THE MANUAL