A Minor Project Report

on

HIGH VOLTAGE DC USING MARX GENERATOR

PRINCIPLE
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In

Electrical Engineering
Under the guidance of

Dr. Rajveer Singh

Assistant Professor

Submitted by
Rebecca (14BEE0020)
Abdullah Zahid (14BEE0038)
Hamzah Shabbir (14BEE0040)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Jamia Millia Islamia University

New Delhi-110025, India
2017

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 Declaration
We hereby declare that the work presented in this report entitled “HIGH
VOLTAGE DC USING MARX GENERATOR PRINCIPLE”, in fulfillment
of the requirement for the award of the degree Bachelor of Technology in
Electrical Engineering submitted in Jamia MilliaIslamia, New Delhi, is an
authentic record of our own work carried out during our degree under the
guidance of Dr. Rajveer Singh.
The work reported in this has not been submitted by me for award of any other
degree or diploma.

Date: 21-12-17 Rebecca (14BEE0020)

Place: New Delhi Abdullah Zahid (14BEE0038)
Hamzah Shabbir (14BEE0020)

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 Certificate
This is to certify that the project work entitled “HIGH VOLTAGE DC USING
MARX GENERATOR”, submitted by, Rebecca, Abdullah Zahid and
Hamzah Shabbir in the partial fulfillment for the requirements of the award of
Bachelor of Technology Degree in Electrical Engineering at Jamia
MilliaIslamia, New Delhi is an bonafied record of the candidate’s own work
under my supervision and guidance.
This work has not been submitted earlier to any other University/Institute for
the award of any degree to the best of my knowledge.

Date: 21-12-17 Dr. Rajveer Singh

Assistant Professor
Electrical Engineering Department

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 Acknowledgement

We express our sincere gratitude to Dr. Zainul Abdin Jaffery(HOD, Electrical

Engineering) and Dr. Rajveer Singh (Asst. Professor, Electrical Engineering),
for their valuable guidance and timely suggestions during the entire duration of
my dissertation work, without which this work would not have been possible. I
would also like to convey my deep regards to all other faculty members of
electrical Engineering Department, who have bestowed their great effort and
guidance at appropriate times without which it would have been very difficulty
on my part to finish this work. Finally I would also like to thank my friends for
their advice and pointing out my mistakes.

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 Abstract
The Marx Principle was developed by Erwin Otto Marx. Its principle is to
generate a high voltage pulseusing a number of capacitors in parallel to charge
up during the on time and then connected in series to develop highervoltage
during the off period. This principle is used to generate voltages in the range of
KV’s in real-time for testing theinsulation of the electronic appliances like
transformers and the insulation of the power carryinglines.This project consists
of 4 stages and each stage is made of one MOSFET, two diodes, and one
capacitor. MOSFET isused as a switch; diodes are used to charge the capacitor
at each stage without power loss. A 555 timer generates pulsesfor the capacitors
to charge in parallel during ON time. During OFF time of the pulses the
capacitors are brought inseries with the help of MOSFET switches. Finally,
number of capacitors used in series (4 in our project) adds up thevoltage to
approximately 3 (4 capacitors-1 capacitor) times the supply voltage. Thissystem
structure gives compactnessand easiness to implement the total system.

With the development of solid-state electronics, solid-state devices are

becoming more and more suitable forpulsed power application. They could
provide the pulsed power systems with compactness, reliability, high
repetitionrate, and long life time. The rising of pulsed power generators using
solid-state devices eliminates limitations ofconventional components, and
promises pulsed power technology to be widely used in commercial
applications.

However, solid-state switching devices such as MOSFET available now

are only rated up to a few kilo Volts. Most of pulsed power systems demand
much higher voltage ratings.

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 Contents
TITLE PAGE i
DECLARATION ii
CERTIFICATE ` iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
INDEX vi-vii

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 08
1.1 Introduction 09
2. CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND THEORY OF MARX GENERATOR 10
2.1 Conventional Marx Generator 11
2.2 Modern Marx Generator 12
2.3 Charge Mode 13
2.4 Discharge Mode 13
3. CHAPTER 3: HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS 15
3.1 Hardware Requirements 16
3.2 555 Timer 16
3.3 Opto-Isolator 19
3.4 Mosfet 20
3.5 Transistors 21
3.6 Diode 22
3.7 Resistors 24
3.8 Capacitors 24
4. Chapter 4: BLOCK DIAGRAM AND SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONS 25
4.1 Block Diagram 26
4.2 System Description 26
4.3 Schematic Diagram 27
4.4 Working 28
4.5 Design Details 29
5. CHAPTER 5: HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION 30
5.1 Hardware 31
6. CHAPTER 6: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 32
6.1 Result 33
6.2 Discussion 35
7. CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 36
7.1 Conclusion and Future Work 37
References 38

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 LIST OF FIGURES
S. No. NAME PAGE NO.
Fig 2.1 Conventional Marx Generator 11
Fig 2.2 Contemporary Structure of Marx Generator 13
Fig 3.1 555 Timer IC 16
Fig 3.2 555 Timer Pin Diagram 18
Fig 3.3 555 Timer in Astable Mode 18
Fig 3.4 Opto-Coupler 19
Fig 3.5 MOSFET as a switch 20
Fig 3.6 NPN Transistor 21
Fig 3.7 Transistor (BC557) 21
Fig 3.8 PNP Transistor 22
Fig 3.9 1N4007 diodes 23
Fig 3.10 PN Junction diode 23
Fig 3.11 Resistors 24
Fig 3.12 Capacitors 24
Fig 3.13 Capacitors 24
Fig 4.1 Block Diagram 26
Fig 4.2 Schematic Diagram 27
Fig 7.1 Hardware 31
Fig 6.1 Input (12V) 33
Fig 6.2 Output(32V) 33
Fig 6.3 Input Waveform(12V) 34
Fig 6.4 Output Waveform(32V) 34

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