CHAPTER 1

The Problem

Background of the Study

One Town, One Product (OTOP) Philippines is a

priority stimulus program for Micro and Small and

Medium-scale enterprises (MSMEs) as government’s

customized intervention to drive inclusive local

economic growth. The program enables localities and

communities to determine, develop, support, and promote

products or services rooted in its local culture and

competitive advantage. As their own ‘pride-of-place,’

these are offerings where they can be the best at or

best renowned for.

OTOP is an international program that originated

from Japan’s One Village, One Product. Its various

versions and iterations in numerous countries are proofs

that it is a viable branding and stimulus program for

MSMEs. Here in the Philippines, it has been in

existence since 2002. This was further powered through

the promulgation of Executive Order 176 by then

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo in February 2003.

After a decade and a half of combined gains and

challenges, OTOP remains to be a strategic tool that

provides an ecosystem of assistance from local

government units, national government agencies, and the

private sector. (DTI, 2017)

The ‘One Village One Product’ (OVOP) movement was

initiated in Oita Prefecture,Japan, in the late 1970s,

and aimed to vitalize the prefecture’s rural economy.

The original concept of OVOP was to encourage villages

in Oita each to select a product distinctive to the

region and to develop it up to a nationally and globally

accepted standard (Fujita 2006; Igusa 2008; Knight 1994;

Kurokawa 2010). In recent years, this concept has been

transferred into neighboring Asian countries and to

other developing areas, including Africa and Latin

America (Kurokawa,e.t al. 2010; Matsui and Yamagami

2006; Wahlin & Natsuda 2008). In the course of these

transfers, it has evolved more into a direct state-

involved policy for poverty alleviation, differing

somewhat from the movement of Oita, which was to prevent

rural depopulation(Fujioka 2006; Knight 1994; Kurokawa

2009). OVOP development is seen as a way of enhancing

local communities’ entrepreneurial skills by utilizing

local resources and knowledge; creating value adding

activities through branding of local products; and

2
building human resources in the local economy. In

particular, the use of local resources and knowledge is

a critical element of OVOP development, which also can

be associated with endogenous development theory.

The One Town, One Product (OTOP-Philippines) is a

priority program of the government to promote

entrepreneurship and create jobs. Through OTOP, local

chief executives of each city and municipality take the

lead in identifying, developing and promoting a specific

product or service, which has a competitive advantage.

From the Executive Order No. 176 –

INSTITUTIONALIZING THE “ISANG BAYAN, ISANG PRODUKTO,

ISANG MILYONG PISO” PROGRAM TO STIMULATE LOCAL ECONOMIC

ACTIVITY from the Section 2. The Program Features are:

a) The program is designed such the Government will

allocate for lending to a Small and Middle Enterprises,

through identified Funding Sources, One Million pesos (1

Million) for every city or municipality in the country

b) For every city or municipality in the country, a

product or service cluster will be identified for

funding support, such that an SME offering such product

or service in the said city or municipality shall be

eligible to apply for a loan with a Funding Source. c) A

3
Funding Source shall grant loans to eligible SMEs that

have complied with loan requirements at a maximum

effective interest rate of ten percent (10%) per annum.

If necessary and in accordance with applicable laws, a

Funding Source may require collateral of guarantees from

the SME-borrower.

The Local Chief Executives of every city and

municipality take the lead in identifying, developing

and promoting a specific product or service that has a

competitive advantage in their respective localities. In

its meeting on February 17, 2005, the RDC Executive

Committee approved and endorsed to the Regional

Development Council for confirmation Resolution No. CAR

08-05 entitled, “Strongly Supporting the One Town, One

Product-Philippines and Encouraging LGUs to take Lead in

the Identification, Development and Promotion of a

Specific Product or Service under the OTOP”.

The following are the OTOP of each municipality in

the Province of Benguet(from the records of DTI-

BENGUET): a) Atok– Potato b) Bakun– Mushroom c) Bokod–

Camote Processing d) Buguias– Carrot e) Itogon- Gold f)

Kabayan- Gipah Tea g) Kapangan- Sericulture h) La

Trinidad- Strawberry i) Mankayan- Potato Processing and

4
Noodle Making j) Sablan- Ubi Production and Processing

h) Tublay- Chayote i) Tuba- Ubi Production and

Processing j) Baguio- From their identified OTOP year

2007 which is Information and Communication Technology,

Mayor Domogan changed the OTOP of Baguio to Burnham Park

year 2009. The City Council approved on first reading a

proposed ordinance naming the Baguio Pine as the city’s

One Town, One Product (OTOP).

From the Memorandum of Agreement signed by the

Municipal Government of Kibungan represented by the

Honorable Mayor Murphy E. Paayas, New Benguet Provincial

Chamber of Commerce and Industry represented by the

Chairman Gerry T. Lab-oyan and Department of Trade and

Industry, Provincial Office of Benguet represented by

the Provincial Director Carmelita C. Usman on September

19, 2006, the OTOP of KIBUNGAN is identified as COFFEE

considering the availability of raw materials, the

needed skills and its market potentials.

Coffee is the second universal drink next to water

and is the second most traded commodity in the world

after oil (ICOCA, 2000). The first coffee plantations

were originally established in Ethiopia and the Arabian

Peninsula. The Dutch, who became the main suppliers of

5
coffee to Europe in the 18th century, introduced to Asia

and, later to Latin America coffee. Today it is widely

grown throughout tropical regions (ITC,2008). Most of

the world’s green coffee beans are produced in Latin

America particularly in Brazil, which has led world

production since 1840. In 2006 more than half of global

coffee production was concentrated in three countries:

Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia (Roldan-Perez, 2007).

The most well-known story of the discovery of the

coffee plant is that concerning Kaidi, a goat herd

tending his flock in the hills around a monastery in the

banks of the Red Sea in the Middle East. He noticed that

his goats, after chewing berries from the bushes growing

there started to prance about excitedly. A monk from the

monastery observed their behavior, took some of the

berries then back to the monastery, roasted and brewed

them and tried out the beverage of his brethren. As a

result, they were kept more alert during their long

prayers at night (Smith as cited by Wilson & Clifford,

1985).

The coffee industry has a long history that can be

traced as far as 15th century, when Ethiopia, the origin

of coffee, exported coffee to Yemen. The coffee trade

6
soon expanded to Egypt and the Ottoman Empire. With the

growing of trade between the Republic of Venice and the

Ottoman Empire, coffee was introduced to Europe,

spreading to England, France, Germany, Austria and the

Netherlands. With European colonial expansion, coffee

was introduced to the Americans and Asia, and soon

became an important industry in various colonies,

especially in South America and India. The coffee

industry also spurred slavery in South America. Today

the leading coffee producing countries are still on the

South American continent. (Feng, 2017)

From the website of the International Coffee

Organization(ICO), world coffee exports amounted to 9.71

million bags in February 2017, compared with 9.69

million in February 2016. Exports in the first 5 months

of coffee year 2016/17 (Oct/16 to Feb/17) have increased

by 6.7% to 49.52 million bags compared to 46.4 million

bags in the same period in the last coffee year. In

twelve months ending in February 2017, exports of

Arabica totalled 73.76 million bags of Robusta exports

amounted to 45.5 million bags compared to 43.24 million

bags.

7
 In the Philippines, production of dried coffee

berries went down this quarter by 3.3 percent, from

33.25 thousand metric tons last year to 32.17 thousand

metric tons. This decrease was caused by the following

factors: trees were toppled down in CAR (Kalinga) due to

the strong winds brought by Typhoon Lawin; and cutting

down of old and less productive trees in Zamboanga

Peninsula (Zamboanga del Norte) and Davao Region

(Compostela Valley). (Ocampo, 2017)

The top coffee-producing region was Soccsksargen

with 12.92 thousand metric tons, or 40.1 percent of the

national production. It was followed by ARMM with 19.9

percent. Davao Region and Western Visayas contributed

15.8 and 10.4 percent, respectively. Of the total coffee

production, Robusta coffee was the top-produced variety

at 68.8 percent; followed by Arabica, 26.0 percent;

Excelsa, 4.3 percent; and Liberica, 0.9 percent.(PSA,

2017)

Statement of the Problem

The study assessed the implementation of One Town,

One Product (OTOP) of Kibungan, Benguet.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following

questions:

8
 1. What is the level of attainment of the

objectives in the implementation of OTOP as perceived by

the farmers?

1.1 Are there significant differences on the level

of attainment of objectives in the implementation of

OTOP when grouped according to Barangay?

2. What is the level of commitment of farmers in

the implementation of OTOP?

2.1 Are there significant differences in the

perceptions of the farmers on their level of commitment

in the implementation of OTOP when grouped according to

Barangay?

3. What are the problems encountered by the farmers

in the production of coffee in support to OTOP?

Hypotheses of the Study

The researcher was guided by the following

hypotheses:

1. There are significant differences in the

perceptions of the farmers on the level of attainment of

the objectives in the implementation of OTOP when

grouped according to Barangay.

2. There are significant differences in the

perception of farmers in their level of commitment in

9
the implementation of OTOP when grouped according to

Barangays.

Importance of the Study

The study is important in view of the benefits that

the OTOP Coordinator, the Municipal and Barangay Local

Governments of Kibungan, the Office of the Municipal

Agriculturist, the farmers, the researcher, and future

researchers will derive from it.

The OTOP Coordinator. The result of the study will

reflect on the programs and project to assess if those

provided programs are enough already or needed to be

added for the improvement and attain the more successful

effect of having such OTOP.

The Local Government Units (LGUs) from municipal to

barangay levels. The results will provide comprehensive

information on which the project needs adjustment and

improvement for better and effective implementation. It

will also provide basis for planning budget allocation

in the support of OTOP.

The Office of the Municipal Agriculturist. The

result of the study will guide the management and staff

to allocate funds and streamline programs and projects.

Since, the findings of the study indicate the status of

10
the OTOP and it was related to agriculture and degree

of seriousness of the problems met, they may be used as

source of insights for the improvement of the program

delivery.

The farmers. The results of the study are equally

important to the farmers. Knowing their sentiments will

result to better implementation of the project. Better

implementation and effective delivery of the project

could boast the morale of the LGU and farmers as co-

implementers of the project.

The researcher. The result of the study will

greatly help in the assessment of the projects and in

recommending additional programs for the project to help

in attainment of the objectives of such project.

Further researchers. The results of the study will

serve as baseline data regards to coffee and assessment

of OTOP in their own municipality for similar or related

studies.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The study focused on the assessment of

implementation of One Town, One Product of Kibungan. The

study covered the level of attainment of objectives,

11
level of commitment of farmers, and problems encountered

in the implementation of OTOP.

The study was conducted within the Calendar Year

2017 during the First Semester of School Year 2017-2018

at Kibungan from barangays of Badeo, Lubo, Palina,

Poblacion, Madaymen, Sagpat, and Tacadang.

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

The Department of Agriculture’s primary concern is

to ensure food security and self-sufficiency. Its vision

is focused on producing dynamic rural communities

thriving with a new breed of farmer-entrepreneurs, who

do profitable business out of agriculture, in a society

characterized by freedom and equity. It is supported by

its mission to improve farmers’ and fisherman’s

productivity, increase their real income and uplift the

quality of their lives. To achieve this vision and

mission, the DA undertakes several agricultural programs

and projects that resulted from planning of activities

with the Agriculture and Fishery Councils (AFCs), a non-

government organization representatives. These AFCs

start from the Barangay Agriculture and Fishery Council

(BAFC, Municipal Agriculture and Fishery Council (MAFC),

Provincial Agriculture and fishery Council (PAFC), to

12
the Regional Agriculture and Fishery Council (RAFC) up

to the National Agriculture and Fishery Council (NAFC).

As stipulated in the Implementing Rules and Regulation,

these AFCs are the implementing/monitoring arm of

programs and projects of the Department of Agriculture.

Aside from the coffees’ commercial value, Arabica

coffee has medicinal values. An article published by the

Philippine Daily Inquirer in November 2005 stated that

Japanese Medical Research Team discovered that drinking

two cups of coffee a day lowers high blood pressure. The

Philippine Council for Agricultural Research and

Resources Development (1976) found that coffee

stimulates respiration, gastric and renal activities and

digestion. It also serves as a palliative in spasmodic

asthma, whooping cough, hysterical affections and as a

remedy for diarrhea, typhoid fever and vomiting after

surgical operations.

The OTOP program was from the leadership of Her

Excellency Gloria Macapagal Arroyo during her time. It

meant to promote such specific product of an area and

produce more entrepreneurs to have better living and

exercise each person’s innovative mind when it comes to

business and how to promote it. Having OTOP in the

13
municipality is having an advantage because of the

promotion the Local Government Units will be giving to

the product. The attention with regards to programs to

be implemented would be focusing on the progress of the

OTOP. The Cordillera region have seven provinces with

OTOP but different OTOP of each municipality the

province has. Mostly are agricultural products. The City

of Baguio focuses more on promotion of tourist spot

looking at their OTOP as the Burnham Park. From the

records of the DTI, The OTOP of Province of Benguet is

strawberry.

According to the High Value Crops Development

Program of the DA, the Cordillera region remains a vital

player in the country’s coffee industry with a total of

6,720 hectares planted to coffee as of 2011. Aside from

the Arabica, the region also produces Robusta, Arabica,

Excelsa and Liberica. The DA-CAR records showed a 0.34

percent increase in coffee production in 2011. From

5,608.13 in 2010, coffee production in the region grew

to 5,627.13 in 2011 with Kalinga (3,867.2 mt) as the top

producer followed by Ifugao (1,053.82 mt), Benguet

(486.55 mt), Mountain Province (162.15 mt), Abra (54.05

mt) and Apayao (13.37 mt). Aside from meeting the demand

14
for coffee as beverage, the DA also acknowledge the

benefit of coffee in promoting agroforestry in the

Cordillera as it is seem to help prevent soil erosion,

especially in the highlands (Abello, 2013). In 2012, the

biggest coffee producing areas in the highlands are

Benguet, Mountain Province, Kalinga, and Ifugao, with a

total production of 5,673.21 metric tons. Robusta

accounted for 88.4 percent of the region’s coffee

production while Arabica comprised 9.8 percent.

The Cordillera unit of the Department of

Agriculture, along with some local government officials

in the region has boost up their efforts in encouraging

farmers to improve the farmlands allocated to producing

vegetables and coffee at the same time, develop the

local production of Arabica coffee in the region, Manila

Bulletin reported. Figures from the DA suggest that the

Philippines is a producer of all coffee varieties –

Excelsa, Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica, with the

Cordillera as one of the few areas in the country they

are developed. Point person of High Value Crops of the

DA-Cordillera, Ms. Joan Bacbac, said in the report that

the region is proud to say that we are producing the top

quality, aromatic and tastier kind of coffee. She also

15
mentioned on the report that the quality of coffee beans

in the region substantially enhanced after the agency

began with the farm certification and executing

intervention programs to train farmers. “Being

accredited and certified, buyers would opt to go to them

for supply because they know that the quality of coffee

beans is good,” she said in the report.(Abello, 2013).

Arabica Coffee which is known locally as “native

coffee” or “Benguet coffee” is now widely promoted by

experts as alternative source of income for the costly

and declining vegetable industry of Benguet Province. In

addition, both government and non-government agencies

vigorously promote this crop as a primary Agroforestry

crop in the province to check the over-exploitation of

the forest covers. Furthermore, the demand for Arabica

coffee in the country has increased.

The Municipality of Kibungan, Benguet has a total

of land area of 26,108.3799 hectares with seven (7)

barangays namely: a) Badeo, b) Lubo, c) Madaymen, d)

Palina, e) Poblacion, f) Sagpat, and g) Tacadang

(Assessor’s Office, 2010). At present, agricultural area

is 15,558.42 hectares (MAO Baseline Data, 2014.) The

Municipality of Kibungan have their OTOP as coffee. It

16
is abundant in the area that it made it the OTOP and can

easily find market of the product. Since coffee is loved

by most people, the area of market is wide. The Kibungan

Arabica Coffee Growers Multipurpose Cooperative

(KACGMPC) are the one who will dehull parchment, sort,

roast, pack the coffee products for sale for the growers

harvested and depulped the coffee using wet method.

From the Midland Courier published on May 22, 2011,

the article was entitled as “Kibungan OTOP Gets Help

From Government Agencies”, which it states that the

Municipality of Kibungan is getting a big boost from

various government and private institutions through its

OTOP- coffee. Mayor Benito Siadto said in the article

that the Department of Environment and Natural

Resources, through its Upland Development Project, is

helping in the propagation of Arabica coffee which

thrives well in the area. The Department of Agriculture

is also assisting by continuously providing seedlings,

trainings and technical support. Private partners like

the Cordillera Green Network provide seedlings,

fertilizers and financial assistance while the

Cordillera Coffee Council facilitates development of the

coffee product and extending support in the marketing.

17
Arabica coffee, also known as ‘Benguet coffee’, grows in

high elevations like Kibungan and is found in Benguet

province since the Spanish time. “Arabica coffee

plantations are located in seven barangays of the

town,”Mayor Siadto said. He also said that the farmers

are happy with the development and are motivated to

plant Arabica coffee as an alternative to sayote, thus

increasing income and livelihood. The mayor added that

they are investing in coffee production because it has a

readily available market. He is optimistic that they can

also penetrate multi-companies, like the Starbucks

coffee chain. The municipality of Kibungan, according to

the Regional Development Council (RDC), is one of the

poorest towns in the Cordillera, which is dependent on

farming as its industry. With the improving coffee

industry and with more investments and programs to

develop and increase farm produce, Siadto is hopeful

that poverty in the municipality will be alleviated.

The independent variables of the study are the

attainment of the objectives in the implementation of

OTOP, commitment of the farmers in the implementation of

OTOP, and problems encountered by the farmers in the

production of coffee. The dependent variables of the

18
study are level of attainment of objectives in the

implementation of OTOP, level of commitment in the

implementation of OTOP, and identified problems by the

farmers in the production of coffee. Difference in

perceptions of the farmers of Barangay Badeo, Barangay

Lubo, Barangay Madaymen, Barangay Palina, Barangay

Poblacion, Barangay Sagpat and Barangay Tacadang which

are the moderators may also have an impact on the

assessment of the implementation. Figure 1 shows the

relationship of the variables.

19
 DEPENDENT VARIABLES
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
1. Level of
1. Attainment of attainment of
objectives in objectives in the
the implementation of
implementation OTOP
of OTOP 2. Level of
2. Commitment in commitment in the
the implementation of
implementation OTOP
of OTOP 3. Identified
3. Problems problems by the
encountered by farmers in the
the farmers in production of
the production coffee
of coffee

MODERATOR VARIABLES
Barangays
a. Badeo
b. Lubo
c. Madaymen
d. Palina
e. Poblacion
f. Sagpat
g. Tacadang

Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

20
 Definition of Terms

The following words were defined as they are used

in the study:

OTOP. One Town, One Product was from the leadership

of Her Excellency Gloria Macapagal Arroyo during her

time that every Local Government Units are mandated to

comply with the said program.

Coffee. It is a beverage made by percolation,

infusion, or decoction from the roasted and ground seeds

of a coffee plant which is identified as One Town, One

Product of Kibungan.

Farmers. They are the coffee growers of Kibungan,

Benguet.

OTOP Coordinator. This refers to the regular

employee designated by the Local Chief Executive under

the Office of the Municipal Agriculturist to oversee the

implementation of the OTOP of the municipality. The

person who would plan for the programs for the progress

of the project.

Attainment. Achieving the objectives of OTOP.

Commitment. The attitude of farmers in attaining

the objectives.

21
 CHAPTER 2

Design and Methodology

This chapter presents the research design, locale &

population of the study, data gathering tools, data

gathering procedures, treatment of data used in

assessing the implementation of OTOP of Kibungan,

Benguet.

Research Design

The researcher used the descriptive method of

research, particularly the survey method to determine

the level of attainment of the objectives, the level of

commitment of farmers and the problems encountered by

farmers in the implementation of the OTOP.

The descriptive design was appropriate for the

study since the study is concerned with present

phenomena in terms of conditions, beliefs, and

relationships or trends. Aggarwal (2008) stated that

descriptive research is devoted to the gathering of

information about prevailing conditions or situations

for the purpose of description and interpretation. It

includes tabulating facts, proper analysis,

interpretations, comparisons, identification of trends

22
and relationships.

Data gathered was supplemented by books, manuals

and other publications related to the study. Interviews

and focused group discussions were made before and after

the floating of questionnaires, including site

observations to augment the data that was gathered.

Locale and Population of the Study

The respondents in this study were selected coffee

growers from seven barangays of Kibungan, Benguet

namely: Badeo, Lubo, Madaymen, Palina, Poblacion,

Sagpat, and Tacadang. In determining the population of

the study, Purposive Convenience Sampling was used.

Purposive Convenience Sampling means that the farmers

served as respondents had undergone trainings provided

and given technical supports.

Table 1 presents the population of the study.

Table 1. Population of the Study

Barangay Sample Percentage %

1 Badeo 28 23.53 %
2 Lubo 9 7.56 %
3 Madaymen 7 5.88 %

4 Palina 11 9.24 %

5 Poblacion 29 24.37 %

23
6 Sagpat 6 5.04 %

7 Tacadang 29 24.37 %

TOTAL 119 100 %

Data Gathering Tools

Questionnaire was used as the main instrument in

gathering data. It was supported by interviews and

focused group discussions with some of the respondents.

Site visits was conducted to validate the findings.

Secondary data was obtained from the internet, books,

and other printed materials.

The set of questionnaire-checklist was prepared by

the researcher. The questionnaire was divided into three

parts. Part I was the profile of the respondents. Part

II deal on the level of attainment of objectives and

level of commitment of farmers in the implementation of

OTOP, and Part III focused on the problems encountered

by the farmers in the implementation of OTOP.

Other contents of the questionnaire were taken from

asked observations of the farmers with regards to the

program as well as the observations of the researcher

too. Others were taken from the suggestions of the OTOP

Coordinator.

24
 The questionnaire was considered valid since it was

presented to the members of the panel during the

proposal defense wherein suggestions was raised and was

considered by the researcher.

The questions were from the objectives of OTOP and

was operated since the year 2009, thus the questionnaire

is valid and reliable.

Data Gathering Procedures

Prior to the administration of the questionnaire,

the researcher sought permission from the office of the

Municipal Mayor of Kibungan to administer the

questionnaire. Permission to float the questionnaire in

all the seven barangays was sought from the Punong

Barangays as well.

The questionnaires were personally administered by

the researcher to the respondents and were retrieved

immediately after it has been accomplished to ensure

100% retrieval. Interviews, focus group discussions and

site visits was personally conducted by the researcher.

25
 Treatment of Data

To determine the level of attainment of objectives

and level of commitment of farmers in the implementation

of OTOP, the following descriptions were used:

Arbitrary Statistical Descriptive Symbol

Values Limits Equivalent
4 3.25 - 4.00 Fully Implemented FI
3 2.50 - 3.24 Implemented I
2 1.75 - 2.49 Less Implemented LI
1 1.00 - 1.74 Not Implemented NI

Weighted mean was used to answer specific problems

1 and 2. The formula (Oasan, 1990) is:

W. M. = Ʃ fx
n
Where:

W. M. = weighted mean

f= frequency

n= no. of respondents

x= scale

Frequency counts, Percentage, and Ranking was used

to answer specific problem number three. The formula for

percentage is:

26
 part %
=
whole 100

ANOVA (F-test) was used to answer sub problems 1

and 2. The formula (Oasan, 1990) is:

SSB
F =
SSw
Where:

F= F- ratio

SSB= sum of squares between

SSw= sum of squares within

Frequency and ranking was used to determine the

problems encountered by the farmers in the

implementation of One Town, One Product.

27
 CHAPTER 3

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of

Data

This chapter presents the findings, and the

analysis and interpretation of the findings according to

the specific problems of the study which are level of

attainment of the objectives and level of commitment of

farmers in the implementation of OTOP and problems

encountered by the farmers in the production of coffee

in support to OTOP.

Level of Attainment of Objectives in the Implementation

of OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet

Table 2 presents the perception of the farmers

according to barangay as to level of attainment of

objectives in the implementation of OTOP in Kibungan,

Benguet.

The farmers perceived that the objectives of the

implementation of OTOP were moderately attained as

indicated by the weighted mean of 2.76.It implies that

the objectives of the implementation of OTOP in Kibungan

were not fully attained. The OTOP was still on its

28
Table 2. Level of Attainment of Objectives in the
implementation of OTOP
Weighted Descriptive
OTOP Objectives Mean Equivalent Rank
1. Increasing productivity of the Moderately
farming sector 3.03 Attained 1
2. Increasing production output and Moderately
sales at the municipal level 2.90 Attained 2
3. Creating new enterprises for new
business undertakings aside from Moderately
vegetable farming 2.73 Attained 3
4. If possible, contribute to export Moderately
sales on coffee industry 2.61 Attained 4
5. Increasing employment at the Moderately
municipal level 2.55 Attained 5
Moderately
Average 2.76 Attained

introductory stage and the farmers are more inclined to

vegetable farming than coffee plantation.

Moreover, the farmers of Kibungan, Benguet observed

that the OTOP objectives are not fully attained since

the farmers are still in the process of visualizing the

effect of having OTOP in the municipality. During an

interview with the farmers, they stated that they need

to strengthen their unity of producing coffee in their

place in order feel the effect of fostering coffee as

OTOP.

Among the objectives that obtained the highest

weighted mean of 3.03 was the “Increasing productivity

of the farming sector” interpreted as moderately

attained. The result is attributed to the fact that

29
aside from the farming sector which is vegetable

farming, the coffee production is increasing its

productivity.

Ranked second which is “Increasing production

output and sales at the municipal level” with a weighted

mean of 2.90, the respondents consider this objective to

be moderately attained. With the increasing coffee

production, farmers pay business taxes and other taxes

at the municipal level. Moreover, farmers have to find

strategic ways to convince the community in their

municipality to patronize their product in order to

increase their production output and sales.

“Creating new enterprises for new business

undertakings aside from vegetable farming” was ranked

third with the weighted mean of 2.90, with a descriptive

equivalent of moderately attained. The result is due to

the limited marketing outlet for the products.

Cooperative needs to blast full operation on designing

the marketing strategy as well as the packaging of the

product. Moreover, entrepreneurial skills of the

community are limited along with their knowledge on

business enterprise.

30
 Ranked fourth, “If possible, contribute to export

sales on coffee industry” with a weighted mean of 2.61

was moderately attained for the farmers use it as

personal consumption. The product was not yet

commercialized for exporting.

With the “Increasing employment at the municipal

level” with a weighted mean of 2.55 was moderately

attained, farmers cannot still see the visibility of the

objective since there are still no employment for such.

The farmers need to focus more on the production of

coffee to have more production for the OTOP to be

successful that more employment will occur.

Difference in the Level of Attainment of

Objectives in the Implementation of OTOP

Table 2.1 presents the difference in the

perceptions of farmers in the different barangays as

regard to the level of attainment of objectives in the

implementation of OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet. The table

shows that there are differences in the means of the

responses of farmers from different barangays. Farmers

in Barangay Badeo has the highest mean of perception

with a weighted mean of 3.32, since their place is

suitable for coffee plantation. Farmers in Barangay

Poblacion has the lowest mean with the weighted mean of

31
Table 2.1 Differences in the Level of Attainment of
Objectives in the Implementation of OTOP
Pob-
Indicators Badeo Lubo Madaymen Palina lacion Sagpat Tacadang W.M
Increasing
productivity
of the
farming
sector 3.32 3.11 3.43 3.18 2.21 3.33 3.31 3.03
Increasing
production
output and
sales at the
municipal
level 3.32 2.89 2.71 3.09 2.00 3.50 3.24 2.90
Creating new
enterprises
for new
business
undertakings
aside from
vegetable
farming 3.32 2.89 2.71 3.18 1.52 3.17 3.07 2.73
If possible,
contribute to
export sales
on coffee
industry 3.32 2.78 2.57 3.18 1.03 2.83 3.17 2.61
Increasing
employment at
the municipal
level 3.32 2.56 2.57 3.00 1.10 3.00 3.00 2.55
Average Mean 3.32 2.84 2.80 3.13 1.57 3.17 3.16 2.76
p-value= 0.00 α = 0.05 Significant

1.57 since most of the areas are residential area and

there is a lesser area for farming.

Statistically, the p-value of 0.00 is lesser than

the alpha-value of 0.05, which means that the research

hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, there are

significant differences in the level of attainment of

objectives in the implementation of One Town One Product

32
when grouped according to barangay. It implies that the

respondents vary in the perceptions with regard to the

objectives in implementation of OTOP.

The farmers’ responses on the questions reveal that

there are places where in such crop grows abundantly. In

addition, places with areas for farming are likely to be

more adaptive and responsive to the OTOP program.

Level of Commitment of Farmers in the Implementation of

One Town, One Product (OTOP) in Kibungan, Benguet
Table 3 presents the perceptions of farmers as to

level of commitment of farmers in the implementation of

OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet.

As shown in Table 3, the farmers are fully

committed in the implementation of OTOP in Kibungan,

Benguet as indicated by the average of 3.45. The

respondents are committed in the implementation of OTOP

since it was subsidized by the government. With this

subsidy, the farmers are aware of the OTOP program

implemented by the government. In response to it, they

are committed in all the activities; from the acceptance

of the coffee seedlings to the selling of the finished

products.

33
Table 3. Level of Commitment of farmers in the
implementation of One Town One Product (OTOP)
Descriptive
Indicators W.M Equivalent Rank
1. Acceptance of the seedlings 3.82 Fully Committed 3
2. Preparation of the planting
sites 3.60 Fully Committed 4
3. Planting of the seedlings 3.86 Fully Committed 2
4. Weeding of the planted
seedlings 3.57 Fully Committed 5
5. Provided fertilizers for the Moderately
seedlings 3.13 Committed 9
6. Monitoring of the seedlings
up to four years 3.39 Fully Committed 6
7. Harvesting 3.91 Fully Committed 1
Moderately
8. Selling 3.16 Committed 8
9. Attend trainings and
seminars for coffee production 3.25 Fully Committed 7
Average 3.45 Fully Committed

Based on the weighted means, the following are the

top three commitments, which are all perceived as fully

committed.

Ranked one is the “harvesting” with a weighted mean

of 3.91. It means that the farmers evaluate their

products. As coffee farmers, they have the knowledge

about the coffee products and are able to apply the

skills gained from attended trainings and seminars

regarding coffee.

Ranked two is the “planting of the seedlings” with

a weighted mean of 3.82. The farmers are fully committed

to plant coffee seedlings rationed to them since they

wanted to have other source of living. Although, they

34
fully commit themselves to plant these seedlings, they

need to determine the growth and adaptability of coffee

seedlings in their area. As one farmer claimed, there

are seedlings that survive in some areas, though others

die in other areas.

With a weighted mean of 3.82, ranked three is the

“acceptance of the seedlings” as to the perception of

the farmers. The seedlings are given free to the farmers

and they accepted willingly to support the

implementation of OTOP. Although seedlings are given by

the government, other farmers prefer their owned

seedlings to be planted for they heard from other

farmers that the seedlings that were given will not grow

in their place.

Among the commitments that obtained the lowest

ranks is the indicator “Attend trainings and seminars

for coffee production” having the weighted mean of 3.25

which it has the equivalent of fully committed is ranked

seven. Farmers are committed in attending trainings and

seminars regarding coffee production to add the

knowledge they have to be applied on their plantations.

From the time of interview, the farmers said that they

needed more trainings and seminars.

35
 Another commitment is “Selling” obtaining a rank of

eight interpreted as moderately committed with a

weighted mean of 3.16. The farmers rated it as this for

they are not selling all those harvested coffee beans.

From the interviews, farmers said that they will use it

in their household for consumption. They offer it as

drinks for visitors, gifts for relatives and their

stockpile.

Lastly, the commitment “Provided fertilizers for

the seedlings” is ranked nine having weighted mean of

3.13 interpreted as moderately committed. The result

implies reflected that farmers do not use much

fertilizers in their plants. In an interview with the

farmers, they revealed that they limit the use of

commercial fertilizer in their plants. They prefer to

use compost fertilizers in order to maintain the ph.

degree of the soil.

Difference in the Level of Commitment of

Farmers in the Implementation of OTOP (OTOP)

Table 3.1 presents the difference in the

perceptions of the farmers in the different barangays as

regard to their level of commitment in the

36
Table 3.1 Differences in the level of commitment of
farmers in the implementation of OTOP
Over-
Indicators Badeo Lubo Madaymen Palina Poblacion Sagpat Tacadang all
1.
Acceptance
of the
seedlings 3.82 4.00 4.00 3.82 3.59 3.83 3.93 3.82
2.
Preparation
of the
planting
sites 3.50 3.89 4.00 3.73 3.17 3.67 3.86 3.60
3. Planting
of the
seedlings 3.82 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.59 4.00 4.00 3.86
4. Weeding
of the
planted
seedlings 3.39 3.56 4.00 3.09 3.59 3.50 3.83 3.57
5. Provided
fertilizers
for the
seedlings 3.18 3.44 4.00 3.36 2.28 3.50 3.45 3.13
6.
Monitoring
of the
seedlings
up to four
years 3.50 3.56 4.00 3.82 2.83 3.83 3.41 3.39
7.
Harvesting 3.86 3.89 3.86 4.00 3.86 3.83 4.00 3.91
8. Selling 3.36 3.44 3.71 3.18 2.28 3.33 3.59 3.16
9.
Submission
of report
to LGU 3.18 3.33 3.14 3.18 1.59 3.50 3.28 2.84
10. Attend
trainings
and
seminars
for coffee
production 3.46 3.67 3.57 3.36 2.14 3.67 3.83 3.25
Average 3.51 3.68 3.83 3.55 2.89 3.67 3.72 3.45
p-value= 0.00 α = 0.05 Significant

implementation of OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet.

From this result, the farmers of different

barangays are committed as to having seedlings until the

selling of the product. The table reflects that there

37
are differences in the means of responses of farmers

from different barangays. Barangay Madaymen coffee

farmers having weighted mean of 3.68 was committed in

the implementation of OTOP as they wanted their coffee

production to grow more and plantations to be wider. As

to Barangay Poblacion who ranked the lowest with the

average of 2.89, it was considered the center of trade

that they are busy with other things other than coffee

production. During the interview, as to the “provided

fertilizers for the seedlings”, the farmers mostly used

composted materials as fertilizers to the seedlings.

According to them, some seedlings survived but others

are not. Other famers revealed also that they are not

giving any fertilizers to the plants. As to the

“selling”, they are willing to sell their raw product if

they have lot of harvested coffee beans. Other farmers

prefer to use it at their homes for consumption for they

loved coffee and to have something to offer to their

visitors, as they said. “Attend trainings and seminars

for coffee production”, the farmers wanted more

trainings and seminars as to increase their knowledge in

coffee production so they would grab the opportunity if

38
they are given such. Others cannot go as to limit of

budget especially if it will be held at the city.

The coffee farmers are committed in the

implementation of OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet. It implies

that the farmers embrace and accept the product and

willing to enhance the production of coffee as a way of

recognizing the OTOP program.

Statistically, the p-value of 0.00 is lesser than

the alpha-value of 0.05, which means that the research

hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, there are varied

commitments of farmers in the implementation of One Town

One Product (OTOP) when grouped according to barangay.

Problems Encountered by the Farmers in the Production of

coffee in Support to OTOP
As shown in Table 4, these are the following

problems encountered by the farmers in the

implementation of OTOP. The following are the common

problems encountered by the farmers in the

implementation of OTOP: stem borer, insect pest (causes

molds on leaves and leaf spot, and irrigation.

The most identified problem is the stem borer where

in there are seven farmers who listed it. Next to it is

the insect pest (causes molds on leaves and leaf spot)

that it was identified by five farmers.

39
Table 4. Problems Encountered by the Farmers in the
Implementation of OTOP
Problems Rank
1. Stem borer 7 1
2. Machineries needed (pulper) 2 4
3. Machineries needed ( Dehuller) 2 4
4. Irrigation 4 3
5. Distance of production site to selling area 2 4
6. Hose for watering plants 1
7. Insect pest (causes molds on leaves and leaf
5
spot) 2
8. Lack of expertise in sorting coffee beans 2 4
9. Prices are low when sold to cooperative 2 4
10. Coffee destruction when storm comes 1 5
11. Sources of coffee seedlings 1 5
12. Inactive Municipal coffee council in regulating
freelance buyers coming from the outside of the 1
municipality 5
13. No government sustainability support in the
1
coffee production 5
14. Absence of provincial and municipal coffee
1
production master plan/sustainability Plan 5
15. Inadequate postharvest facilities/ lack of
facility centers in the barangay/warehouse/Multi- 2
purpose Drying Pavement 4
16. Fertilizer 1 5
17. Low production 1 5
18. Erosion 1 5
19. Not all products are captured by sole
1
consolidator in the municipality 5
20. Need of farm market roads 1 5
21. Lack of machine/grinder 1 5

These are the most common problem of a coffee

plant. In order not to suffer much with this, it is

encouraged that the plants needs rejuvenation or

removing parts of the coffee plant not to make it that

tall. Other farmers use organic spray (use of chili)in

killing insect pests. Irrigation was listed four times

40
as the farmers’ problem. In some areas, there is no

abundant water to water the plants especially if their

plantation is far from their houses. Water is needed for

the transition stage of the coffee.

These are the problems gathered during the data

gathering from the farmers. The machineries needed are

to be provided for them to have quality products. Not

just the machines but also the post-harvest facilities

to be used as storage room for raw products to be

processed and the finished products too. Looking at the

data presented earlier, the Barangays of Kibungan have

some machineries but not complete enough to bring out

more finished products. From the number of farmers

identified of each barangay, the machineries are really

not enough for their use. In the needing of expertise in

sorting, they needed training for them to be able to

sort out well the coffee beans to have a better price

when they will sell it especially to the KACGMPC. The

distance of production site to the selling area is one

of the problems stated. As noted earlier, some farmers

needed to hike the mountainous mountain for six hours

just to be at the selling site.

41
 Summary of Findings

The following salient findings are summarized as

follows:

1. The farmers perceived that the objectives of the

OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet are moderately attained.

Significant differences are noted in the perceptions of

farmers in the attainment of OTOP objectives.

2. The farmers perceived that their commitment in

the implementation of OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet are

fully committed. Significant differences are noted in

the commitment of farmers in the implementation of OTOP.

3. Most stated problems identified by farmers are

stem borers, insect pests (causes molds on leaves and

leafs pot), and irrigation.

42
 CHAPTER 4

Conclusions and Recommendations

This chapter presents the conclusions and

recommendations of the study.

Conclusions:

Based on the findings of the study, the following

conclusions are deduced:

1. The objectives of the implementation of OTOP in

Kibungan, Benguet are moderately attained. The OTOPof

Kibungan which is coffee is still in its developing

stage as to the marketing of the product.

2. The commitment of farmers in the implementation

of OTOP in Kibungan, Benguet are fully committed. As to

support the OTOP of Kibungan, the project was funded by

the Local Government Unit of Kibungan. The seedlings are

given free to farmers then the farmers’ accepted it and

so they are committed to the implementation of OTOP.

3. The common problems/diseases/illnessof the

coffee plants are stem borers, insect pests (causes

molds on leaves and leafspot), and irrigation. As

observed and experienced by farmers, these problems

43
causes the plants not to grow and bear more coffee

beans.

Recommendations

In the light of the findings and conclusions drawn,

the following recommendations are offered:

1. To fully attain the objectives of the OTOP, the

LGU-Kibungan needed to support the implementation of

OTOP through engaging farmers in marketing strategies.

The coordination of the LGU to different agencies for

the advertisement. Seek support from other Non-

Government Organizations and Corporation for support and

promotion too.

2. In order for the farmers to be fully committed

in the implementation of OTOP, the LGU-Kibungan needed

to strengthen the commitment and maintain the support to

the program.

3. As to address the problems encountered by the

farmers in support to the implementation of OTOP, the

LGU-Kibungan needs to augment funds in providing the

machineries and facilities to be used by the farmers

aside from the national agencies fund supporting the

program. Aside from this, the continuous subsidy on

seedlings on seedlings production and provision of

44
fertilizers. The government needs to see to it that

there are farm to market roads for the farmers to

transport their products. They need to give capability

trainings and seminars. Invite speakers who are expert

in coffee production as well as its marketing.

4. Strengthen the coffee cooperative and coffee

organizations the municipality has through reorganizing

of the staff and designing programs to promote the OTOP.

5. More intensive researches should be conducted to

determine the extent of implementation of OTOP programs.

6. It is also recommended that a similar study be

undertaken after two or three years, after the conduct

of the study, to check and verify updates regarding the

development of the research.

45
 REFERENCES
Battikin, R. T. (2003). An Assessment of the Coffee
Industry Development Program in Kalinga.
Unpublished Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Benguet
State University, La Trinidad, Benguet.

Abello, M. M. (2013). Boosting Sagada’s Arabica

Coffee.Agriculture Magazine Volume XVI, 6-8.

Clifford, M. N. and K. C. Wilson (1895). Coffee Botany,

Biochemistry and Production of Beans and Beverages,
Wesrport Connecticut, AVI, Pub. Co. Pp. 1-23, 174-
195

Department of Trade and Industry (2008) One Town, One

Product (OTOP Philippines). Retrieved from
http://server2.dti.gov.ph/dti/index.php?p=442

Department Of Trade and Industry. ONE TOWN ONE PRODUCT

(OTOP) PHILIPPINESRetrieved from
http://dti.gov.ph/programs-projects/otop

DTI ONE TOWN ONE PRODUCT (OTOP) PHILIPPINES. Retrieved

from http://invest.cfo.gov.ph/pdf/part1/dti-one
town-one-product-otop-philippines.pdf

Executive Order 176 by then President Gloria Macapagal

Arroyo in February 2003.INSTITUTIONALIZING THE
“ISANG BAYAN, ISANG PRODUKTO, ISANG MILYONG PISO”
PROGRAM TO STIMULATE LOCAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY.

Feng, J. (2017). All About the Coffee Industry.

Retrieved from
https:www.worldatlas.com/articles/all-about-coffe
industry.html

Fujioka, R. (2006).“Thai no OTOP Projekuto (Thai OTOP

Project)”, in Matsui and Yamagami (eds.) Isson
Ippin Undo to Kaihatsu Tojyokoku: Nihon no Chiiki
Shiko ha dou Tsutaeraretaka (One Village One
Product Movement and Developing Countries: How
Japan’s rural development strategy was
transferred), Chiba, IDE (Institute of Developing

46
 Economies) and JETRO (Japan External Trade
Organization).

Fujita, M. (2006). “Economic Development

Capitalizing on Brand Agriculture: Turning
Development on Its Head”, IDE Discussion Paper
no.76, Institute of Development Economies.

ICOCA REPORT (2000).ICOCA-PHLIPPINES.MANILA.P21

Igusa, K. (2008).“The Problem of the Regional

Revitalization in Asia and One Village One Product:
Adaptability of Oita Model to Asian Countries”,
Journal of OVOP Policy vol.1, October 2008.

International Coffee Organization. Coffee Trade

Statistics February 2017. Retrieved from
http://www.ico.org/trade_statistics.asp?section=Sta
tistics

International Trade Center (ITC)(2008).Coffee and

Exporters Guide World Coffee Trade Geneva.

Knight, John (1994).“Rural Revitalization in Japan:

Spirit of the Village and Taste of the Country”,
Asian Survey, vol.34, no.7, pp.634-646.

Kurokawa, Kiyoto (2009).“Effectiveness and Limitations

of the One Village One Product’ (OVOP) Approach as
a Government-led Development Policy: Evidence from
Thai ‘One Tambon One Product’ (OTOP)”, Studies in
Regional Science, vol.39, no.4, pp.977-989.

Kurokawa, Kiyoto (2010).“Food Education as a Regional

Development Policy for All – With Implications from
Community Development in Japan and Thailand”,
Australasian Journal of Regional Studies, vol.16,
no.1, pp. 61-80.

Kurokawa, Kiyoto, Tembo, Fletcher, and te Velde, Dirk

Willem (2010).“Challenges for the OVOP movement in
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JICA Research Institute.

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Matsui, K. and Yamagami, S. (2006). Isson Ippin Undo
to Kaihatsu Tojyokoku: Nihon no Chiiki Shikoha dou
Tsutaeraretaka (One Village One Product Movement and
Developing Countries: How Japan’s rural development
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Natsuda, K. et. Al., (2011).One Village One Product-

Rural Development Strategy in Asia: The Case of
OTOP in Thailand. Retrieved from https://aizono-
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Quarterly Bulletin, October-December 2016.
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Industrial Crops Quarterly Bulletin, January-March
2017. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/non-
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Pinos-an,P. (2013). The Status of the Coffee Industry in

Benguet. Unpublished Doctor of Philosophy
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Benguet.

Roldan-Perez, A. 200. The Japanese Coffee Market

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emphasis on Columbia). Medellin, Columbia Fondo
Editorial Eafit
Tibangay, L. M. (2015). Implementation of Agricultural
Programs in Kibungan, Benguet. Unpublished
master’s thesis, Cordillera Career Development
College, La Trinidad, Benguet.
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48
 APPENDICES

Communication Letters

Poblacion, Kibungan, Benguet

Kibungan, Benguet
September 11, 2017

HON. CESAR M. MOLITAS

Municipal Mayor
Kibungan, Benguet

Sir:

The undersigned is presently conducting a research

entitled ASSESSMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ONE TOWN, ONE
PRODUCT OF KIBUNGAN, BENGUET in partial fulfillment of
the course, Master in Business Administration.
In this regard, may I request permission from your good
office for me to conduct my questionnaire among the
selected farmers in the barangays to gather relevant
information for the study.
Rest assured that all responses will be kept
confidential and would be solely for the study.
Thank you very much and looking forward to your
favorable response to this request.

Very truly yours,

(SGD)RECHELLE G. FIANZA
Researcher

Noted by:

(SGD) Abello K. Fernando, Ph. D.

Adviser/Program Coordinator

49
Poblacion, Kibungan, Benguet
Kibungan, Benguet
September 11, 2017

___________________
___________________
___________________

Sir:

The undersigned is presently conducting a research

entitled ASSESSMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ONE TOWN, ONE
PRODUCT OF KIBUNGAN, BENGUET in partial fulfillment of
the course, Master in Business Administration.
In this regard, may I request permission from your good
office for me to conduct my questionnaire among the
selected farmers in your barangays to gather relevant
information for the study.
Rest assured that all responses will be kept
confidential and would be solely for the study.
Any favorable action to this request is highly
appreciated.

Very truly yours,

(SGD)RECHELLE G. FIANZA
Researcher

Noted by:

(SGD) Abello K. Fernando, Ph. D.

Adviser/Program Coordinator

50
Poblacion, Kibungan, Benguet
Kibungan, Benguet
September 11, 2017

___________________
___________________
___________________

Greetings!

May I solicit your cooperation by filling up the

attached questionnaire for a study-survey entitled
ASSESSMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ONE TOWN, ONE PRODUCT OF
KIBUNGAN, BENGUET in partial fulfillment of the course,
Master in Business Administration.
The result of this endeavor will serve as the basis for
the recommendations to the higher offices in agriculture
for the improvement of the delivery of extension
services.
Rest assured that all responses will be kept
confidential and would be solely for the study.
Thank you very much and looking forward to your honest
response to this study.

Very truly yours,

(SGD)RECHELLE G. FIANZA
Researcher

51
 Appendix B
Questionnaire

Please put your responses on the space provided for each

item.

Part I. PROFILE

Name: (Optional)_______________________________

Barangay: ____________________________

Please check your answer.

Part II.LEVEL OF ATTAINMENT OF OBJECTIVES AND LEVEL OF

COMIMITMENT OF FARMERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF OTOP.

What is the level of attainment of the objectives in the

implementation of OTOP as perceived by the farmers? The
following are the objectives of OTOP. Please check the
space provided according to your perception using the
following scales:

Legend:

FA-Fully Attained PA-Partly Attained

MA-Moderately Attained NA- Not Attained

OBJECTIVES FA MA PA NA

(4) (3) (2) (1)

1. Increasing productivity of the farming

sector

2. Increasing production output and sales at

the municipal level

3. Creating new enterprises for new business

undertakings aside from vegetable farming

52
 4. If possible, contribute to export sales

on coffee industry

5. Increasing employment at the municipal

level

What is the level of commitment of farmers in the

implementation of OTOP? The following are the commitment
of the farmers in the implementation of OTOP. Please
rate as to your perception on the extent of commitment
using the following scales:

Legend:

FC – Fully Committed MC – Moderately Committed

PC – Partially Committed NC – Not Committed

COMMITMENT FC MC PC NC

(4) (3) (2) (1)

1. Acceptance of the seedlings

2. Preparation of the planting sites

3. Planting of the seedlings

4. Weeding of the planted seedlings

5. Providing fertilizers for the seedlings

6. Monitoring of the seedlings up to 4 years

7. Harvesting

8. Selling

9. Attend trainings and seminars for coffee

production

53
Part III. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY THE FARMERS IN THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF OTOP

What are the problems encountered by the farmers in the

production of coffee in support to OTOP? List all the
problems encountered in the production of coffee in
support to OTOP.

54
 Appendix C
Map of Kibungan

55
 Appendix D

Statistical Computations

56
 Curriculum Vitae

Personal Data:

Name : Rechelle Gabino Fianza

Siblings : Marfil – Vocational Graduate

Medorelle – Grade 9

Ern Suele – Preschool

Educational Background:

Elementary: La Trinidad Central School- July 1999-

September 2001
Kibungan Central School – September 2001
to March 2005

Secondary : Kibungan National High School – June 2005-

March 2009

College : Benguet State University – June 2009 to

April 2013

Course : Bachelor of Science in Entrepreneurial

Technology

Graduate : Master in Business Administration

Cordillera Career Development College
June 2015-December 2017

Tests Passed:

Civil Service Professional and Sub-professional

Examination- 2013

Work Experiences:

Accounting Clerk II (Casual), Municipality of Kibungan –

February 2016 to Present

Accounting Clerk II (Contract of Service), Municipality

of Kibungan- September 2015 to January 2016

57
Cashier/Service Crew, Health 100 Restoreant – April 2013
to January 2015

Trainings and Seminars Attended:

Title Inclusive Dates Venue

11th Northern March 15-17, 2017 Crown Legacy
Luzon Hotel, Baguio
Geographical City
Conference: “LGU
Fiscal Managers:
Dealing with the
Challenges of
Changes.”
Children and April 15-16, 2016 Poblacion,
Youth DRR Kibungan
Leadership
Training Workshop
Wemboree: May 26-24, 2015 WINACA VILLAGE,
“Changing the Acop, Tublay,
Mindset from ME Benguet
to WE.”
New Year Gift March 31-April 5, NIIT-BAGUIO
Training Program 2014

58