WALL GAIN LOAD CALCULATIONS

Wall Gain Load in Cold Storage

Given:

Assuming:

Temperature inside the Storage = -7˚C = 19.4˚F

Temperature inside the Building = 13˚C = 55.4˚F

Ceiling Temperature = 21˚C or 69.8˚F

Floor Temperature = 21˚C or 69.8˚F

From PAGASA: Ambient Temperature = 26.6˚C or 79.9F

Length (L) = 25m = 82.02ft

Width (W) = 13m = 42.65ft

Height (H) = 7m = 22.97ft

Materials

Side Walls

East and South Walls (Outside walls)

8 in Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)

4 in Corkboard

North and West Walls (Inside walls)

8 in Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)

4 in Corkboard

Ceiling

4 in Concrete

4in Corkboard

Floor

4in Corkboard laid on 5in Slab and finished with 3in Concrete
Solution:

𝑄 = 𝐴𝑈𝐷

Where: A= Area

U= Overall Capacitance

D = Design wall Temperature Difference

To Find Wall Surface Area:

North Wall =LXH = 82.02ft X 22.97ft = 1884 ft2

West Wall =WXH = 42.65ft X 22.97ft = 979.67 ft2

South Wall =LXH = 82.02ft X 22.97ft = 1884 ft2

East Wall =WXH = 42.65ft X 22.97ft = 979.67 ft2

Ceiling =LXW = 82.02ft X 42.65ft = 3498.15 ft2

Floor =LXW = 82.02ft X 42.65ft = 3498.15 ft2

To find Wall U Factors (From table 10-1, 10-3)

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Side Walls 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 ˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Ceiling 0.069ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 ˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Floors 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 ˚𝐅

To Find Design Wall Temperature Difference(D)

Outside Inside Normal Correction Design

Temperature Temperature Temperature Factor from Temperature
˚F ˚F Difference Table (10-6) Difference
˚F ˚F
North Wall 79.9 19.4 60.5 0 60.5
West Wall 79.9 19.4 60.5 4 64.5
South Wall 55.4 19.4 36 0 36
East Wall 55.4 19.4 36 0 36
Ceiling 71.6 19.4 52.2 0 52.2
Floor 71.6 19.4 52.2 0 52.2
Applying in the formula:
𝑄 = 𝐴𝑈𝐷
𝐵𝑡𝑢
North Wall = 1884 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X60.5 ˚F = 7522.81
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
West Wall = 979.67 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X64.5 ˚F = 4170.46
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
South Wall = 1884 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X36 ˚F = 4476.28
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
East Wall = 979.67 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X36 ˚F = 2327.7
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Ceiling = 3498.15 ft2 X 0.069ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X52.2 ˚F = 12,599.64
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Floor = 3498.15 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X52.2 ˚F = 12,051.83
˚𝐅

𝑩𝑻𝑼
43,148.72 𝑯𝑹

Total Wall Gain Load in Cold Storage

𝐵𝑇𝑈
= 43,148.72 𝐻𝑅 (24 hrs.)

𝑩𝑻𝑼
Q= 1,035,569.28 𝟐𝟒 𝒉𝒓𝒔

Wall Gain Load in Production Area

Given:

Assuming:

Temperature inside the Production Area = -1˚C = 30.2˚F

Temperature inside the Building= 13˚C = 55.4˚F

Ceiling Temperature = 21˚C or 69.8˚F

Floor Temperature = 21˚C or 69.8˚F

From PAGASA: Ambient Temperature = 26.6˚C or 79.9F

Length (L) = 13m = 42.65ft

Width (W) = 8m = 26.25ft

Height (H) = 7m = 22.97ft

Materials

Side Walls

East and South Walls (Outside walls)

8 in Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)

4 in Corkboard

North and West Walls (Inside walls)

8 in Concrete Hollow Block (CHB)

4 in Corkboard

Ceiling

4 in Concrete

4in Corkboard

Floor

4in Corkboard laid on 5in Slab and finished with 3in Concrete

Solution:

𝑄 = 𝐴𝑈𝐷

Where: A= Area

U= Overall Capacitance

D = Design wall Temperature Difference

To Find Wall Surface Area:

North Wall =LXH = 42.65ft X 22.97ft = 979.67 ft2

West Wall =WXH = 26.25 X 22.97ft = 602.96 ft2

South Wall =LXH = 42.65ft X 22.97ft = 979.67 ft2

East Wall =WXH = 26.25 X 22.97ft = 602.96 ft2

Ceiling =LXW = 42.65ft X 26.25ft = 1119.56 ft2

Floor =LXW = 42.65ft X 26.25ft = 1119.56 ft2

To find Wall U Factors (From table 10-1, 10-3)

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Side Walls 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 ˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Ceiling 0.069ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 ˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Floors 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 ˚𝐅

To Find Design Wall Temperature Difference(D)

Outside Inside Normal Correction Design

Temperature Temperature Temperature Factor from Temperature
˚F ˚F Difference Table (10-6) Difference
˚F ˚F
North Wall 79.9 30.2 49.7 0 49.7
West Wall 55.4 30.2 25.2 0 25.2
South Wall 55.4 30.2 25.2 0 25.2
East Wall 79.9 30.2 47.7 4 51.7
Ceiling 69.8 30.2 39.6 0 39.6
Floor 69.8 30.2 39.6 0 39.6

Applying in the formula:

𝑄 = 𝐴𝑈𝐷
𝐵𝑡𝑢
North Wall = 979.67 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X 49.7 ˚F = 3213.51
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
West Wall = 602.96 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X 25.2˚F = 1002.84
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
South Wall = 979.67 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X 25.2˚F = 1629.39
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
East Wall = 602.96 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X51.7˚F = 2057.42
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Ceiling = 1119.56 ft2 X 0.069ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X39.6˚F = 3059.09
˚𝐅

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Floor = 1119.56 ft2 X 0.066ℎ𝑟 𝑓𝑡𝟐 X39.6 ˚F = 2926.08
˚𝐅

𝑩𝑻𝑼
13,888.33 𝑯𝑹
Total Wall Gain Load in Production Area
𝐵𝑇𝑈
= 13,888.83 𝐻𝑅 (24 hrs.)

𝑩𝑻𝑼
Q= 333,319.92 𝟐𝟒 𝒉𝒓𝒔

TOTAL WALL GAIN LOAD

= TOTAL WALL GAIN LOAD IN COLD STORAGE + TOTAL WALL GAIN

LOAD IN PRODUCTION AREA
𝐵𝑇𝑈 𝐵𝑇𝑈
Q= 1,035,569.28 24 ℎ𝑟𝑠 + 333,319.92 24 ℎ𝑟𝑠

𝑩𝑻𝑼
Q= 1,368,889.2 𝟐𝟒 𝒉𝒓𝒔

Calculating the Air Change Load in Cold Storage

Given:

Length (L) = 25m = 82.02ft

Width (W) = 13m = 42.65ft

Height (H) = 7m = 22.97ft

Air Change Load = Inside Volume X Air Changes X Air Change Factor

Finding Volume:

Volume of Storage =(L) (W) (H)

Volume of Storage = (82.02 ft) (42.65ft) (22.97ft)

Volume of Storage = 80,352.57 ft3

Finding Air Changes:

From Table 10-8A

Volume ft3 Air Changes per 24 hrs.

75,000 1.6
80,352.57 X
100,000 1.4

By Interpolation:
𝑋 −0.2
= 25000
535.57

−0.2 ( 535.57)
X= 25000

X = -0.00428

Air Changes = 1.6 – 0.00428

Air Changes = 1.596/24hrs

Finding Air Change Factor:

𝐵𝑡𝑢
From Table 10 – 7B of air in cooling to Storage below 30 ˚F
𝑓𝑡3

Assuming 50 % Humidity

Storage Room Temperature Inlet Air Temperature

20 2.04
19.4 X
15 2.20ss

By Interpolation:
𝑋 0.18
=
−2 −5

X= 0.072

Air Change Factor = 1.86+0.072

𝐵𝑡𝑢
Air Change Factor = 1.932 𝑓𝑡3
Air Change Load = Inside Volume X Air Changes X Air Change Factor
1.596 𝐵𝑡𝑢
Air Change Load = (80,352.57 ft3) ( ) (1.932 𝑓𝑡3 )
24 ℎ𝑟𝑠

𝑩𝒕𝒖
Air Change Load = 10,323.54 𝟐𝟒𝒉𝒓𝒔

MISCELLANEOUS LOAD CALCULATIONS

Heat Given Load by Lights

𝑩𝒕𝒖
3.42𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒕−𝒉𝒓

24 watts (9pcs) = 216 watts

Lights on for 20 hrs.

= 216 watts (20 hrs.)

= 4320 watts – hrs.

𝑩𝒕𝒖
Load = 4320 watts – hrs. (3.42𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒕−𝒉𝒓)

𝑩𝒕𝒖
Load = 14,774.4 𝟐𝟒 𝒉𝒓

Heat Given off by Occupants

From Table 10-15 (Heat equivalent of Occupancy)

Cooler Temperature = 23˚F

𝑩𝒕𝒖
Cooler Temperature ˚F 𝒉𝒓

30 950
23 x
20 1050
By Interpolation:
𝑋 100
=
−7 −10

−7 ( 100)
X=
−10

X = 70

= 950 + 70
𝑩𝒕𝒖
= 1020 𝒉𝒓

Assuming the number of Occupants is 5

𝑩𝒕𝒖
Q= 1020 𝒉𝒓 (5 person)

𝑩𝒕𝒖
Q= 30,600 𝒉𝒓

CALCULATING FOR PRODUCT LOAD

Sensible Heat

m = 20,000 kg/day
𝑩𝒕𝒖
c = 1 𝒍𝒃˚𝐅

∆t = 55.4 ˚F to 30.2 ˚F

Q1 = mc∆t
𝒌𝒈 𝒍𝒃 𝑩𝒕𝒖
Q1 = (20000𝒅𝒂𝒚) (2.205 𝒌𝒈)( 1 𝒍𝒃˚𝐅)( 55.4 ˚F – 30.2 ˚F)

𝒃𝒕𝒖
Q1 =1,111,320𝒅𝒂𝒚

Latent Heat

Given:

m = 20,000 kg/day
𝑩𝒕𝒖
Lf = 144 𝒍𝒃
Q2 = m L f
𝒌𝒈 𝒍𝒃 𝒃𝒕𝒖
Q2 = (20000𝒅𝒂𝒚) (2.205 𝒌𝒈) (144 )
𝒍𝒃

𝑩𝒕𝒖
Q2 = 6,350,400 𝒅𝒂𝒚

Sensible Heat

m = 20,000 kg/day
𝑲𝑱
c = 2.108 𝒌𝒈 𝑲 (Specific heat of ice)

∆t = 55.4 ˚F or 13 ˚c

Q3 = mc∆t
𝒌𝒈 𝑲𝑱
Q3 = (20000𝒅𝒂𝒚) (2.108𝒌𝒈 𝑲)( 286K)

𝑲𝑱 𝟎.𝟗𝟒𝟖 𝑩𝒕𝒖
Q3 =12,057,760 𝒅𝒂𝒚 ( )
𝟏 𝑲𝑱

𝒃𝒕𝒖
Q3 =11, 430,756 𝒅𝒂𝒚