recenzia

lado mirianaSvili
mecnierebis fondi `udabno~

recenzia wignze: mamuka wurwumia. Sua saukuneebis qarTuli

laSqari (900-1700): organizacia, taqtika, SeiaraReba.
Tbilisi: 2016. 782 gv. ISBN 978 9941 0 9688 4

Sua saukuneebis saqarTvelos samxedro istoriisa da SeiaraRebis mkvlevarma mamu-

ka wurwumiam, romlis saxeli qarTveli da dasavleT evropis samecniero sazogadoebis-
Tvis kargadaa cnobili, gamosca fundamenturi, pirvelxarisxovani, kapitaluri samecni-
ero naSromi „Sua saukuneebis qarTuli laSqari (900-1700): organizacia, taqtika, Seiara-
Reba“. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom dRemde am mimarTulebiT warmoebul kvlevebs epizo-
duri xasiaTi hqonda da yovlismomcveli ar iyo, gadauWarbeblad SeiZleba iTqvas, rom
m. wurwumia Tavisi axali monografiiT saqarTvelos samxedro istoriis sistematize-
bul, mecnierul-kritikul Seswavlas mniSvnelovan muxts Sematebs da win waswevs. Tavi-
si naSromis Sesaqmnelad mkvlevarma sakmaod rTuli, Tumca yvelaze swori gza airCia:
man gakvaluli bilikiT siarulsa da winamorbed mkvlevarTa naSromebSi Sesuli das-
kvnebis brmad moxmobaze uari Tqva da saistorio werilobiT wyaroebSi, epikur da na-
ratiul literaturaSi dacul cnobebze dayrdnobiT, agreTve, arqeologiuri masalis
gamoyenebiT isini kritikulad gaanaliza. avtorma Tavis kvlevaSi uxvad gamoiyena ked-
lis moxatulobebsa da xatweris nimuSebSi asaxuli samxedro aRWurvilobis elemente-
bis analizic. aman Tavisi Sedegi gamoiRo da m. wurwumiam dRemde farTod gavrcelebu-
li araerTi mosazreba Tu kategoriuli daskvna araTu eWvqveS daayena, aramed sakiT-
xebis siRrmiseulad Seswavlis safuZvelze sakuTari daskvnebi daupirispira da axle-
burad warmoaCina. m. wurwumias daskvnebi mniSvnelovania ara mxolod saqarTvelos sam-
xedro istoriis axleburad warmoCenisTvis, aramed zogadad feodaluri saqarTvelos
istoriis rigi sakiTxebis gansxvavebulad gaazrebisTvis. samxedro saqmesTan dakavSire-
buli yvela sakiTxi monografiaSi detaluradaa ganxiluli, iqneba es qarTuli laS-
qris mowyobis wesi, brZolis stili da misi droSi cvalebadoba, sabrZolo TavdacviTi
saWurveli Tu SeteviTi SeiaraRebis saxeebi da a.S.
wigni aTi Tavisgan Sedgeba. pirveli Tavi Sua saukuneebis saqarTvelos samxedro
organizebis sakiTxebs eZRvneba. avtori aRniSnavs, rom feodaluri elitis mTavar da
ZiriTad movaleobas samxedro samsaxuri warmoadgenda. Tavdapirvelad, elitas aznau-
rebi warmoadgendnen. isini sabrZolo moqmedebebisTvis saTanadod iyvnen aRWurvilni.
XV saukuneSi, TavadTa wodebis CamoyalibebasTan erTad, aznaurTa fena daemcro, Tum-
ca, Tavadebis msgavsad, qarTuli SeiaraRebuli laSqris elitad kvlavindeburad rCe-
bodnen. zemores wyalobiT, qarTuli laSqari profesional meomrebze dafuZnebuli
struqtura iyo. qarTul laSqarSi aznaurebTan erTad maTi msaxurebic ibrZodnen, rom-
lebic cxenze amxedrebulni axldnen TavianT batons. msaxurTa aRWurviloba xarisxiTa
da sisruliT aznaurisas Camouvardeboda. m. wurwumia ar iziarebs qarTul istorio-
grafiaSi damkvidrebul mosazrebas, rom qarTuli feodaluri laSqris ZiriTad da yve-
laze mravalricxovan nawils mdabioTagan gamosuli molaSqreni (mdabior-molaSqreni)
Seadgendnen. avtori Tavis mosazrebas savsebiT samarTlianad amagrebs im mosazrebiT,
rom am kategoriis meomrebs ar gaaCndaT aranairi materialuri saxsari, raTa sakmaod
Zvirad Rirebuli samxedro aRWurviloba da cxeni SeeZinaT, ramdenadac molaSqreoba
cxenze amxedrebulad brZolas niSnavda. rogorc avtors aqvs dadgenili, XI-XII ss-Si
mZimed SeiaraRebuli qarTveli moymis aRWurviloba, daaxloebiT, 37-44 oqro Rirda,
rac imave raodenobis Zroxis Rirebulebas Seesabameboda. meore mxriv, arsebobda msa-
xurTa fena, romelic molaSqreobda. msaxurTa molaSqreobis uzrunvelsayofad, is ba-
tons unda aReWurva da mudmiv kmayofaze hyoloda, an molaSqres patronisagan, miwis
nakveTis saxiT, mudmivi Semosavlis wyaro unda hqonoda. XV saukunidan, msaxurTa fenam
daqveiTeba ganicada da zogierTi avtoris azriT, msaxurTa wodeba saerTod gaqra. wig-
nis avtori am bolo mosazrebas ar iziarebs da argumentad ramdenime istoriuli sa-
buTi mohyavs.
740
 laSqris fexosnebs (qveiTebs) dabali socialuri fenis warmomadgenlebi – wvrili
eroba da glexoba Seadgendnen. maT arasrul sabrZolo aRWurvilobasTan erTad, daba-
li sabrZolo momzadeba hqondaT, amitom, omebSi maTi monawileoba sakmaod SezRuduli
iyo. amas isic ganapirobebda, rom glexebis sasoflo-sameurneo samuSaoebisagan siste-
maturi mowyvetis SemTxvevaSi, feodalisa da Sesabamisad mTlianad qveynis ekonomikuri
mdgomareoba gauaresdeboda. mogvianebiT, zemore midgoma Seicvala: Tu adreul da gan-
viTarebul Sua saukuneebSi samxedro saqmianobaSi glexobis mxolod mcire nawili iyo
CarTuli, XVII-XVIII ss-is daqucmacebul saqarTveloSi glexebis resursi ufro far-
Tod gamoiyeneboda.
sabrZolo moqmedebebis analizisTvis zemore sakiTxebis dazusteba metad mniSvne-
lovania, radgan brZolaSi gamarjvebas Tu damarcxebas, gamoyenebuli SeiaraRebis teq-
nikur maxasiaTeblebisa da laSqris ricxovnobasTan erTad, laSqris socialuri
struqturac gansazRvravda.
m. wurwumia SeniSnavs, rom qarTuli jaris socialuri mdgomareobis principze
mowyoba sabuTebSic aisaxa: maTSi ZiriTadad mxolod molaSqreebi arian moxseniebulni,
ris gamoc iqmneba STabeWdileba, TiTqos, laSqarSi qveiTebi arc ki msaxurobdnen.
saqarTvelos mTianeTis laSqris miwyobas avtori calke ganixilavs da aRniSnavs,
rom mTaSi feodalizmis arasrulad SeRwevis gamo, mTielTa laSqari „samxedro de-
mokratiis“ principebze iyo agebuli.
wignis meore TavSi qarTuli laSqris wvrTnisa da disciplinis sakiTxebia gan-
xiluli. m. wurwumia aRniSnavs, rom giorgi III-is zeobisas, molaSqre Cadenili danaSa-
ulisTvis Zalian mkacrad – CamoxrCobiT isjeboda. avtori SeniSnavs, rom Camoyalibe-
buli samxedro samarTlis kodeqsi Sua saukuneebis saqarTveloSi ar arsebobda, amitom
laSqrad myof mebrZolTa samarTlebrivi urTierTobis daregulirebas samarTlis
wignSi garkveuli normebis SetaniT cdilobdnen. avtori dawvrilebiT ganixilavs vax-
tang VI-is samarTlis wignis im muxlebs, romlebic aregulirebdnen naalafari iara-
Risa da saWurvlis ganawilebis wess laSqarsa da saxelmwifo xazinas Soris. samar-
Tlis wignSi Setanilia moklulis samoselisgan srulad ganZarcvis aRmkveTi muxlic,
rac qarTvel molaSqreTa Soris zneobis maRali donis SenarCunebas emsaxureboda. nax-
seneb TavSi mimoxilulia molaSqreobisTvis bavSvebis (5 wlis asakidan) wvrTnisa da
brZolis unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebis wesebi, meabjreobis instituti da aRlumebis,
nadirobisa da sxvadasxva asparezobaTa roli molaSqreTa wvrTnaSi. sainteresoa avto-
ris dakvirveba, rom evropuli rainduli turnirebis msgavsi orTabrZolebi saqarTve-
loSic imarTeboda, Tumca, maT iseTi klasikuri saxe ver miiRes rogorc evropaSi. aR-
niSnulis mizezad avtors is esaxeba, rom XIII s-dan moyolebuli, mudmivad brZolebSi
CarTul Tavadazanaurobas „gasarTobi“ turnirebisTvis aRar ecala. amave saukunis Sua
xanidan, qarTveli raindis aRWurvilobaSi mSvildma mniSvnelovani adgili daikava, ris
gamoc yabaxi ufro popularuli gaxda.
meore Tavis calke nakveTi xmlis samarTlis anu sasamarTlo orTabrZolis sakiT-
xebs eZRvneba.
mesame Tavi mTlianad qarTuli cxenosani da qveiTi laSqris samxedro taqtikas
mimoixilavs. avtori, cxenosani jaris taqtikis farglebSi, wagrZelebuli SubiT brZo-
lis wesebs ganixilavs. m. wurwumias azriT, qarTvelebi brZolis am meTods bizantie-
lebisgan X saukuneSi unda gascnobodnen, Tu ufro adre ara. igi SubiT brZolis wesi-
sa da cxenosanTa dartymiTi taqtikis saboloo danergvas, savaraudod, XII saukunes –
daviT aRmaSeneblis zeobis xanas ukavSirebs. qarTveli molaSqreebi SubiT brZolis
xerxs gvian Sua saukuneebamde iyenebdnen. avtori, saistorio wyaroebisa da ikonografi-
uli masalis moxmobiT, amgvari brZolis warmarTvis detalebs aRadgens.
meoTxe Tavi qarTuli laSqris Cacmuloba-aRWurvis garegnul mxares, jaris mar-
Tvisa da komunikaciis saSualebebs, sabrZolo droSebis saxeobebsa da maTi dacvis we-
sebs, laSqrobis dros Standartisa da Zeli cxovelis gamoyenebas exeba. am ukanasknel-
Tan dakavSirebiT, mas mohyavs cnoba xelmwifis karis garigebidan, romlis Tanaxmad,
laSqrobisas Zeli cxovelisTvis calke karavi iyo gamoyofili. avtori samxedro bana-
kis guSagTa struqturas aRadgens. amave TavSi ganxilulia sabrZolo karvis formebi,
laSqris satransporto qaravnis Sedgeniloba da sxva logistikuri sakiTxebi, maT So-
ris pirutyvis gamosakvebad Tan waRebuli maragebi da saZovrebis resursi. avtori as-
kvnis, rom imdroindeli SezRuduli adamianuri resursebi, naklebad ganviTarebuli
741
soflis meurneoba, ganuviTarebeli sagzao infrastruqtura da momaragebis sirTuleebi
Sua saukuneebis armiis mcirericxovnobas ganapirobebda. analogiuri daskvnebi aqvT mi-
Rebuli ucxoel mkvlevrebsac, rac qarTvelebis mier gadaxdil zogierT cnobil brZo-
laSi mtris ricxovnobis ararealurad gazrdili mniSvnelobebis gadaxedvis safu-
Zvels iZleva.
mexuTe TavSi saWurvlisa da sabrZolo iaraRis dasamzadeblad aucilebeli rki-
nis mopovebaze, foladis gamodnobisa da wrTobis meTodebzea saubari. ganxilulia sa-
Wurvlis Taviseburebebi, Rirebuleba da maTi salocavebisadmi Sewirvis tradicia.
wignis meeqvse Tavi saqarTveloSi gavrcelebuli TavdacviTi aRWurvilobis mimo-
xilvas eTmoba. avtori aRniSnavs, rom qarTuli muzaradi, evropuli daxuruli muzara-
disgan gansxvavebiT, satareblad ufro moxerxebuli da praqtikuli, Tumca, SedarebiT
naklebad daculi iyo. xmlis moqnevisas dartymis Zalis Sesarbileblad muzarads Sig-
nidan qeCis safeni hqonda amokruli. qarTuli xelnawerebis miniaturebze dayrdnobiT
avtori SeniSnavs, rom muzaradis zuCis gumbaTis Tavi burTuliT bolovdeboda, ro-
melSic Tasma iyo gayrili da gakvanZuli, an tyavis wyvili „ena“ iyo dakidebuli. mon-
Rolobis dros Semosuli wvetiani muzaradis zuCis gumbaTis Tavi patara samkuTxa al-
miT bolovdeboda (XI-XII ss.). ganxilulia segmenturi muzaradis tipi, agreTve mTlian-
Wedili konusuri (X s.) da XI saukunidan gavrcelebuli sferokonusuri (XI-XII ss.) mu-
zaradebi. es ukanaskneli XIV saukuneSi vavelis tipis muzaradad transformirda, ra
tipic krakovSi, vavelis sasaxlis muzeumSi dacul muzarads gulisxmobs. am muzaradis
rozetze qarTuli warweraa Sesrulebuli, romelSic sazverel CijavaZe ixsenieba. m.
wurwumias azriT, vavelis muzaradi yvelaze farTod dasavleT saqarTveloSi iyo gav-
rcelebuli. avtori, mxedvelobaSi iRebs ra „vefxistyaosnis“ mamuka TavaqaraSviliseul
miniaturebsa da kastelis CanaxatebSi asaxul vavelis tipis muzaradebs da iTvaliswi-
nebs, rom dasavleT saqarTvelos (swored aq aris Sesrulebuli orive piris naxatebi)
monRolur-iranuli zegavlena ar ganucdia, didi albaTobiT dasaSvebad miiCnevs mosaz-
rebas vavelis muzaradis qarTuli warmoSobisa da adgilze uwyveti evoluciis Sesa-
xeb, vidre am tipis Camoyalibebaze monRolur-iranuli gavlenis versias.
XII saukuneSi mooqruli, talRovani muzaradis gamoCenas saqarTveloSi avtori
yivCaRuri gavleniT xsnis da saqarTveloSi maTi Camosaxlebis istoriul faqts ukav-
Sirebs, Tumca, jer gaurkvevelia amgvari muzaradebi CvenSi adgilzec mzaddeboda Tu
ara. m. wurwumia aRniSnavs, rom saqarTveloSi xmarebaSi iyo CrdiloeTi da samxreTi
qveynebidan gavrcelebuli muzaradis tipebi. maT rigSi moixseniebs iranul kulaxuds,
romelic saqarTveloSi XVII-XVIII ss-Si gamoiyeneboda.
avtori dawvrilebiT mimoixilavs sabrZolo Tavsarqmelebis sxvadasxva tipebs, maT
Soris jaWvis Cabalaxs, CaCqansa da rkinis farflebian quds.
wignSi calke nakveTi aqvs daTmobili sxeulis abjris qerclovan, lameralur (da-
moqlonebuli da „amobrunebuli“ qvetipebiT) da laminarul saxeobebs. avtori ukuag-
debs t. dousonis mosazrebas, romlis Tanaxmad saqarTveloSi arsebobda qerclovani
abjris gansakuTrebuli saxeoba, romlis wvril firfitebs centris midamoSi ori
Rrmuli hqonda da azustebs, rom t. dousonis mier damowmebul abjars, sinamdvileSi,
ara Rrmulebi, aramed moqlonebi gaaCnda, Tanac isini ara firfitis centrSi, aramed
mis kideebze iyo ganlagebuli. Catarebuli kvlevis safuZvelze avtori gamoTqvams sain-
tereso varauds, rom firfitovani abjris warmoebisa da inovaciis erT-erT msxvil
centrad saqarTvelo Cans da rom bizantiis imperiaSi gavrcelebuli abjris tipebidan
zogierTi SesaZloa swored aq iRebdes dasabams. m. wurwumias mimoxiluli aqvs jaWvis
abjris tipebi, adgilobrivi Taviseburebebi da abjris gaZlierebis xerxebi. calke qve-
Tavi qsovilis abjars, abjarqveSa sacmelsa da abjarzeda Casacmels, agreTve kidure-
bis dacviT saSualebebs eZRvneba. unda SevniSno, rom m. wurwumia pirveli avtoria, ro-
melmac qarTuli samxedro aRWurvilobis istoriaSi dRemde arsebuli xarvezi Seavso
da qarTuli tipis samklaveebi Seiswavla. maTTan dakavSirebiT, avtori gamohyofs ad-
gilobrivi warmoSobis elements – gareT gamotanili anjamiT gadabmul firfitebs. gan-
xilulia xelTaTmanebisa da farebis tipebi. detalurad aris mimoxiluli xevsuruli
farebi da ubis farebi.
wignis meSvide Tavi SeteviTi iaraRisadmia miZRvnili. ganxilulia horoli, Subi,
gmuri, geoni, xiSti da kineni, xolo satyorcn-saZgerebeli iaraRidan – saTxedi da zu-
fani. metad sainteresoa mkveTeli iaraRisadmi (xmali, maxvili) miZRvnili nakveTi. av-
742
tori qarTuli maxvilis ganviTarebis sam etaps gamohyofs (X-XII ss.) da aRniSnavs, rom
XIII saukuneSi, monRolTa gavleniT, maxvili TandaTanobiT moxrili xmliT Canacvlda.
avtors calke aqvs ganxiluli calpira swori xmali (palaSi), romelic yvelaze far-
Tod aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTian regionebSi iyo gavrcelebuli. m. wurwumia exeba
saqarTvelosa da zogadad kavkasiaSi popularul iaraRs – orlesul xanjals da sxva
avtorebisgan gansxvavebiT, mis kavSirs romaul mokle maxvilTan ver xedavs. avtori sa-
gangebod exeba saqarTvelos xelovnebis muzeumSi dacul, asomTavrul warwerian xan-
jals, romelic bagrat III-is kuTvnil iaraRad miiCneoda. xanjlisa da masze Sesrule-
buli warweris Seswavlis safuZvelze avtori askvnis, rom naxsenebi iaraRi aSkarad
gviandelia – damzadebulia 1820 wlis Semdeg. amasTan, m. wurwumia ar gamoricxavs, rom
qarTuli tipis xanjali XVIII saukuneze ufro adre iyos Seqmnili.
metad sainteresoa xmlis tarebis wesisadmi miZRvnili nakveTi. calke aris ganxi-
luli sabrZolo culi da dasartymeli iaraRis saxeebi (laxti da gurzi) da maTi ta-
rebis xerxi. eyrdnoba ra werilobiT wyaroebs, ikonografiul masalasa da samuzeumo
eqsponatebs, avtori aRniSnavs, rom saqarTveloSi sabrZolo laxtis mravalferovani
nimuSebi gamoiyeneboda: maTi nawili adgilobriv iyo damzadebuli, nawili ucxouri mi-
nabaZi iyo, zogic bizantiur-monRoluri Tu iranul-osmaluri warmoSobis. qarTul
mSvildTan dakavSirebiT avtori varaudobs, rom masze sasanuri mSvildis formas unda
moexdina gavlena, romlisgan erT-erTi niSani – swori (rigiduli) boloebi didxans Se-
inarCuna. XIII s-is Sua xanidan, monRolTa gavleniT, saqarTveloSi monRoluri tipis
mSvildi damkvidrda. isrebis tipebis ganxilvisas, avtori yuradRebas Wvirulad dekori-
rebul nimuSebze amaxvilebs da maT sakulto, ceremoniul daniSnulebaze miuTiTebs.
merve TavSi cxenis aRkazmuloba da morTulobaa ganxiluli. avtori mimoixilavs
unagiris, uzangebisa da dezebis saqarTveloSi gavrcelebul saxeobebs. ikonografiul
gamosaxulebaTa analizis safuZvelze avtori askvnis, rom uzangs saqarTveloSi ukve
VIII s-Si iyenebdnen, Tumca SesaZleblad Tvlis, rom is VII s-Sic SemoetanaT. saqarTve-
loSi uzangis xmarebis VII s-Si dawyeba zedmetad gabedul varaudad mimaCnia da ai ra-
tom: rogorc cnobilia, uzangi CineTSi, axali welTaRricxvis pirvel saukuneebSi ga-
moigones. is didi xnis ganmavlobaSi ucnobi iyo Zveli axlo aRmosavleTis xalxebis-
Tvis, agreTve berZnebisa da romaelebisTvis. uzangis xmareba iranSi 694 wlis Semdeg
daiwyes 1. rac Seexeba dasavleT samyaros: werilobiT wyaroebSi uzangis xsenebas pir-
velad „strategikonSi“ (samxedro xelovnebis Sesaxeb daweril traqtatSi) vxvdebiT.
Tavdapirvelad, „strategikonis~Seqmna bizantiis imperator mavrikiuss miewereboda da,
Sesabamisad, misi zeobis periodiT – 539-602 ww-iT TariRdeboda. SemdgomSi, es TariRi
gadaixeda da 575-628 ww-mde gadaiwia 2, filologebma ki, romlebmac teqstis enobriv-gra-
matikuli Taviseburebebi Seiswavles, es TariRic eWvqveS daayenes da „strategikoni“
arauadres VIII an IX saukunis Txzulebad miiCnies 3. sxvaTa Soris, bolo dros gada-
aTariRes `strategikonis~ Tanadroul Txzulebad miCneuli, ucnobi avtoris traqtati
`strategiis Sesaxeb~, romelic mogvianebiT sirianusis naSromis erT-erTi Tavi aR-
moCnda da is, am avtoris Txzulebis danarCen or TavTan erTad, romlebic manamde
calk-calke naSromebad iTvleboda, VI s-is nacvlad, IX s-iT (Sua xani an bolo) daaTa-
riRes 4. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom traqtatebis Seqmnis drosTan dakavSirebiT sxvada-
sxva mosazreba arsebobs, Sua saukuneebis laSqris mowyobis sakiTxebze muSaobisas, ze-
more, ufro gviandeli TariRebic mxedvelobaSi unda iyos miRebuli. qarTul magaliTs
rom mivubrundeT, naklebad savaraudoa, rom qarTvelebs uzangebi iranelebsa da bi-
zantielebze adre gamoeyenebinaT. TavisTavad is faqti, rom saqarTveloSi uzangebis
xmareba VIII saukuneSi daiwyes, mravlismetyvelia da gare samezoblosTan Cveni qveynis
aqtiur kavSirebze mianiSnebs.
merve Tavis calke nakveTi cxenis abjars eZRvneba. avtori mas, ZiriTadad, weri-
lobiT wyaroebze dayrdnobiT mimoixilavs: Cvenamde adgilobrivad damzadebuli cxenis
abjris mxolod erTma gamosaxulebam moaRwia bodlis biblioTekaSi daculi vefxis-

1 WhiteL., Jr., Medieval Technology and Social Change, (Oxford, 1964), p. 19.
2 Dennis G. T., Maurice's Strategikon: a Handbook of Byzantine Military Strategy (Pennsylvania, 1984),p. XVI.
3 White L., Jr., Medieval Technology and Social Change, p.20-21, 144.
4 Cosentino S., The Syrianos’s “Strategikon”: a 9th-Century Source?, Bizantinistica 2, (2000), p. 243-280; Ph. Rance, The Date of the
Military Compendium of Syrianus Magister (Formerly the Sixth-Century Anonymus Byzantinus), Byzantinische Zeitschrift, 100 (2007),
p. 701-737.
743
tyaosnis miniaturis saxiT. adre gavrcelebuli mosazrebisgan gansxvavebiT, Catarebu-
li kvlevis safuZvelze avtori askvnis, rom cxenis abjris gamoyenebas saqarTveloSi
xangrZlivi istoria aqvs. m. wurwumias saintereso dakvirveba aqvs im msgavsebasTan da-
kavSirebiT, rac qarTul termin Torsa (javSani) da Tornes Soris arsebobs. avtori ana-
logiur terminologiuri msgavsebis arsebobas romaul da sparsul enebSic aRniSnavs.
wignis mecxre Tavi saalyo xelovnebas eZRvneba. ganxilulia saalyo teqnikis
saxeebi da TavdacviTi nagebobebis aRebis xerxebi. avtori sagangebod ganixilavs moal-
yis mier saxeldaxelo safortifikacio nagebobis, e.w. Suris cixis agebis xerxs, rasac
im SemTxvevaSi mimarTavdnen, roca cixis srul alyaSi moqceva da aReba SeuZlebeli an
mizanSeuwoneli iyo.
avtori meaTe TavSi qarTuli SeiaraRebis kompleqss ganixilavs. is ar iziarebs
mosazrebas, TiTqosda, saqarTveloSi Sua saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi samxedro aRWurvi-
loba ucvleli rCeboda. misi azriT, ar icvleboda mxolod brZolis stili, xolo aR-
Wurviloba mudmivad viTardeboda da sxvadasxva gavlenebsac ganicdida.
avtori qronologiurad oTx periods gamoyofs, romelTa farglebSi qarTuli
SeiaraRebisa da Setevis saxeebis cvlilebis analizia mocemuli. pirvel periodSi (X s. –
XIII s-is I mesamedi) mZimed SeWurvili cxenosnis SeiaraRebis kompleqsi iyo gavrcelebu-
li. avtori SeniSnavs, rom am periodSi qarTvelebi icnobdnen banakad yofnis im wesebs,
romlebic Tanadroul bizantiur traqtatebSi – Peri strategias-a da Praecepta militaria-Sia
gawerili. m. wurwumia am periodSi qarTuli laSqris aRWurvilobisaTvis saxasiaTo
mravalferovnebasa da mowinave teqnologiebis arsebobas ukavSirebs saqarTvelos mud-
miv kontaqtebs nomadur CrdiloeTTan da iranul-arabul-bizantiur samyarosTan. XI s-
is bolodan da XII s-Si brZolis qarTul wesze gavlena ukve dasavleTevropulma sam-
xedro xelovnebam moaxdina, rac franki moqiravneebisa da jvarosnebis damsaxureba iyo.
meore periodis dros (XIII s-is II mesamedi – XIV s-is I naxevari) qarTvelebi, Sokuri
Setevis paralelurad, farTod iyenebdnen mSvild-isriT brZolis xerxs. avtoris az-
riT, qarTveli meomrebi monRolurisagan gansxvavebul, e.w. „isris wvimis“ taqtikas mi-
marTavdnen, ra drosac isrebs mowinaaRmdegis mimarTulebiT masiurad, pirdapir da-
miznebis gareSe isrodnen. mesame periodSi (XIV s-is II naxevari – XVI s-is I naxevari)
qarTvelebma TavdacviTi aRWurvilobis gaZliereba daiwyes, ra drosac xmarebaSi samux-
le, sawvive da samklave Semovida. qarTvelTa mxedrobam, Sokuri Setevisa da wagrZele-
buli SubiT brZolis taqtikis gamoyenebasTan erTad, nomaduri brZolis elementebi Se-
iZina. meoTxe periodis manZilze (XVI s-is II naxevari – XVII s.) qarTul SeiaraRebaze
iranisa da osmaleTis samxedro saqmem moaxdina gavlena. XVI s-is II naxevridan cecxl-
sasrolma iaraRma moikida fexi, Tumca misi roli mcire iyo, radgan XVII s-is bolomde
saqarTveloSi brZolisTvis mouxerxebeli patruqiani Tofi iyo gavrcelebuli. amgvari
teqnologiuri CamorCena qveynis dasustebisa da daqucmacebulobis Sedegi iyo.
wigns boloSi darTuli aqvs SeiaraRebis ZvelqarTuli dasaxelebebisa da sab-
rZolo terminebis leqsikoni, vrceli inglisurenovani reziume da bibliografia, is-
toriul pirTa saxelebis, geografiuli da eTnikuri saxelebisa da terminebis sa-
Zieblebi.
m. wurwumias monografia Sua saukuneebis qarTuli laSqrisa da SeiaraRebisadmi
miZRvnili maRali donis samecniero naSromia, romelic uzarmazari Sromis fasad aris
Seqmnili. faqtiurad, es aris naxseneb Temaze gamocemuli pirveli qarTuli monogra-
fia-enciklopedia, romelic mxolod qarTuli magaliTebiT ar Semoifargleba: monogra-
fiaSi uxvad aris moxmobili samxedro saqmeSi msoflio gamocdilebis magaliTebi, ris
gareSec qarTuli laSqris mowyobisa da aRWurvis sakiTxebze siRrmiseuli msjeloba
SeuZlebeli iqneboda. m. wurwumias monografiis yovlismomcvelobisa da sakiTxebis
ganxilvis siRrmiseulobis gaTvaliswinebiT, darwmunebuli var, rom is istorikosebisa
da nebismieri rigiTi mkiTxvelis samagido wigni gaxdeba. monografiis arsebuli tiraJi
– 150 cali, veranairad ver daakmayofilebs qarTuli sazogadoebis interess da vfiq-
rob, rom mokle xanSi misi xelmeored gamocemis saWiroeba dadgeba. aucileblad mimaC-
nia m. wurwumias monografiis inglisur enaze Targmna da gamocema, radgan wignis bo-
loSi darTuli vrceli reziume srulyofilad ver warmoaCens monografiaSi uxvad
gabneul mniSvnelovan daskvnebs, romlebsac arsebiTi wvlili Seaqvs ara mxolod Sua
saukuneebis saqarTvelos, aramed zogadad msoflio samxedro istoriis gaazrebaSi.

744