Jofkfl/s >[+vnfsf]

nflu af}l4s ;DklQ c+s M !

lrGx lgdf{0f
;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usf nflu
Jofkf/ lrGx -6]«8dfs{_
sf] kl/ro

ljZj af}l4s
;DklQ ;+u7g
 Jofkf/sf nflu af}l4s ;DklQ >[+vnfsf k|sfzgx¿M—
!= lrGx lgdf{0f M ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usf nflu Jofkf/ lrGx 6]«8dfs{sf] kl/ro . ljkf]
(WIPO) sf] k|sfzg gDa/ ())
@= pko'Qm b]lvg' M ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usf nflu cf}Bf]lus l8hfogsf] kl/ro . ljkf]
(WIPO) sf] k|sfzg gDa/ $(* .
#= eljiosf] cfljisf/ M ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usf nflu k]6G] 6 . ljkf] (WIPO) sf] k|sfzg
gDa/ (!& .
$= /rgfTds cleJolQm M ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usf nflu k|sfzg ;DaGwL ;jf{lwsf/sf]
kl/ro . ljkf] (WIPO) sf] k|sfzg gDa/ (!* -cfufdL k|sfzg_

pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{ k|sfzgx¿ WIPO ljB'tLo k':ts k;nsf] www.wipo.int/ebookshop df

k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .

o; lgb]l{ zsfdf ;+nUg ;"rgfx¿ Jofj;flos sfg"gL k/fdz{sf] nflu geO{ ;DalGwt ljifoj:t'
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

dfly cfwf/e"t ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg' xf] .

k|sfzg ;DaGwL ;jf{lwsf/

sfg"gn] cg'dlt lbPsf]df afx]s o; k|sfzgsf] s'g} klg efu ;jf{lwsf/ wgLsf] lnlvt
cg'dltlagf s'g} klg tl/sfn] rfx] ljB'tLo xf];\ jf ofGqLs tj/n] k'g?Tkfbg jf ;+rf/0f
ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
e"ldsf

of] lgb]l{ zsf æJofkf/sf nflu af}l4s ;DklQÆ >[v+ nfsf] klxnf]
k|sfzg xf] . of] lgb]l{ zsf Jofkf/ lrGx -6]«8dfs{_ df ;dlk{t
5 h'g s'g} klg sDkgLsf] ahf/Ls/0f / Jofj;flos /0fgLltsf]
s]Gb|Lo tTj xf] .

of] lgb]l{ zsfn] Jofkfl/s cjwf/0ffsf] b[li6sf]0fn] Jofkf/ lrGx

-6]8« dfs{_ sf] af/]df JofVof ug]{ k|of; u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] kx'rF
Jofjxfl/s 5 / kf7sx¿sf] a'emfO{nfO{ ;xh agfpg o;df
lbOPsf] JofVofnfO{ pbfx/0f / lrqfTds z}nLdf k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 . ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]u ;+rfnsnfO{ of] lgb]l{ zsf
k|of]u ug{ pT;flxt ul/Psf] 5 lsgeg] o;sf] ;xfotfn]
pgLx¿n] cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ lrGx /0fgLltx¿nfO{ PsLs[t u/L
;Dk"0f{ Jofkf/ /0fgLltnfO{ k|efj kfg{ ;S5g\ . ljZjJofkL ?kd}
;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usdL{x¿sf] cfjZostfnfO{ ;xL 9+un]
kl/k"lt{ ug{ ;lsof];\ eGg] p2]Zon] WIPO n] kf7sx¿af6
k|fKt ;'emfj / k[i7kf]if0fnfO{ :jfut ub{5 .

of] lgb]l{ zsf /fli6«o ;+:yf tyf :yfgLo ;fem]bf/sf] ;/–;Nnfx

/ ;xof]udf cem ljsl;t ug{ ;lsG5 . o;y{ WIPO df
;Dks{ /fVg cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .

sldn Ob|L;
dxflgb]{zs -WIPO_

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 ljifo;"rL
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@= Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ;+/If0f ^

#= Jofkf/ lrGxsf k|sf/x¿ !%

$= Jofkf/ lrGxsf] k|of]u !&

%= Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{Gjog @!

w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

@
!= Jofkf/ lrGx -6]«8dfs{_
Jofkf/ lrGx -6]«8dfs{_ eg]sf] s] xf] < nf]uf] 6fOkM
Jofkf/ lrGx o:tf] lrGx xf] h;n] Pp6f k|lti7fgn]
pTkfbg u/]sf] j:t' jf ;]jfnfO{ csf]{ k|lti7fgn]
pTkfbg u/]sf] j:t' jf ;]jfaf6 cnUofpFb5 .
68\sf/f] ?kdf k|of]u x'g] leGg zAbx¿, cIf/x¿,
;+VofTds gDa/x¿, lrqx¿, t:jL/x¿, cfsf/, k]gu'Og k':ts lnld6]8sf] :jLs[ltdf
cfs[lt, 9fFrf, /+u, lrGx ljz]if, n]jn tyf k'gM k|sfzg ul/Psf]
;lDd>0fx¿nfO{ Jofkf/ lrGx eGg ;lsG5 . s]xL
b]zx¿df lj1fkgsf gf/fx¿nfO{ klg Jofkf/
lrGxsf] ?kdf lng] ul/G5 tyf o;nfO{ /fli6«o
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] h:t} sfof{nodf btf{ klg ug]{ cIf/;lxtsf] nf]uf]6fOksf] ;lDd>0f
ul/G5 . w]/} b]zx¿n] Jofkf/ lrGxsf Go"g k/Dk/fut
9fFrfx¿ Pp6} dfq /+u, lq—cfolds lrGxx¿
-KoflsË / pTkfbgsf cfs[ltx¿_, ;'Gg ;lsg]
lrGxx¿ -cfjfh_ cyjf ;'£g ;lsg] -uGw_ x¿nfO{
klg btf{ ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . tyflk w]/} b]zx¿n]
s]nfO{ Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ?kdf btf{ ug{ ;lsG5
© 1986 WWF: World Wide Fund for Nature
eGg] ;Ldf tyf dfkb08 to u/]sf 5g\ . :ki6;Fu (Formerly World Wildlife Fund)
a'em\g tyf b]Vg ;lsg] / lrqfTds lrGxx¿ ®WWF Registered Trademark Owner
h;nfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug{ ;lsG5, To;nfO{ Jofkf/
lrGxsf ?kdf btf{ ug]{ ub{5g\ .
lq–cfoflds lrGx -pTkfbgsf] cfs[lt_
s]xL pbfx/0fx?
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;f}hGo M Yahoo! ul/Psf] Jofkf/ lrGx xf] .

#
 Jofkf/ lrGx s]–sf nflu <
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] dxTj
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] d'Vo sfd eg]sf] pke]fQmfx¿nfO{ ;fjwfgLk"js{ 5gf}6 ul/Psf] / x'sf{OPsf] Jofkf/
s'g} vf; sDkgLåf/f pTkfbg ul/Psf] -rfx] Tof]
lrGx w]/} h;f] sDkgLsf] nflu d"Nojfg\ Jofkfl/s
j:t' xf];\ jf ;]jf_ sf] klxrfg u/fpg ;Sg' xf]
;DklQ dflgG5 . s]xLsf nflu Tof] cfkm"l;t ePsf]
tfls ltgLx¿n] cGo sDkgLåf/f To:t} k|sf/sf
cyjf x'ax' pTkflbt j:t' jf ;]jfnfO{ 5'§\ofpg ;DklQ dWo] ;a}eGbf d"Nojfg\ ;DklQ x'g
;lsof];\ . pkef]Qmf s'g} j:t'af6 ;Gt'i6 ePdf ;Sb5 . ljZj k|l;4 Jofkf/ lrGx h:t} sf]sfsf]nf
eljiodf klg ToxL j:t' jf ;]jfsf] k|of]u ug{ jf cfOjLPdsf] cg'dflgt d"No %) c/a 8n/eGbf
;Sg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] x'gfn] Pp6} k|sl[ tsf] j:t'nfO{ a9L /x]sf] kfOG5 . pkef]Qmfx¿n] Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
5'§\ofpg ;Sg] ;Ifdtf x'g' h?/L 5 . ;fv, 5lj / To;sf] u'0f:t/nfO{ a9fjf lbg'sf]
;fy} cfkm\gf] ck]IffnfO{ kl/k"lt{ ug{sf] nflu To:tf]
k|lt:kwf{af6 cfk"m / cfkm\gf] pTkfbgnfO{ ldq pTkfbgsf] nflu a9L d"No ltg]{ u/]sf] x'gfn]
t'Nofpgsf] nflu Jofkf/ lrGxn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf To:tf] ePsf] xf] . To; sf/0f /fd|f] 5lj / ;fv
lgjf{x ub{5 . Jofkf/ lrGxn] sDkgLsf] ahf/ tyf ePsf Jofkf/ lrGx dflysf] :jfldTjn] sDkgLnfO{
Jofkfl/s /0fgLltdf ;xof]u ug's{ f] ;fy} pkef]Qmfsf] k|lt:kwf{Tds agfpg d2t ub{5 .
gh/df sDkgLåf/f pTkfbg u/]sf] j:t'sf] ;fv
/ 5ljnfO{ klg :yflkt ub{5 . sDkgLsf] ;fv
/ 5ljn] ljZjf; ;[hgf ub{5 . h;n] sDkgLsf]
ljZjf; dfq geO{ u|fxs;Ddsf] ;DaGwnfO{ ;d[4
agfpF5 . pkef]Qmfx¿n] s'g} lglZrt Jofkf/
lrGxk|lt efjgfTds nufj /fVb5g\ . h'g lglZrt
;f}hGo M
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

u'0f:t/ jf cfsif{0fx¿df cfwfl/t x'G5g\ . IBM Deutschland GmbH

tkfO{sf] sDkgLn] Jofkf/ lrGxsf]

Jofkf/ lrGxn] sDkgLnfO{ cfkm\gf] u'0f:t/ sfod
;'/Iff lsg ug'{ k5{ <
/fVg jf To;nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ k|f]T;flxt ub{5
k|foM w]/} h;f] Jofkf/Lx¿n] cfkm\gf] k|lt:kwL{x¿n]
tfls To; sDkgLåf/f pTkflbt j:t' / ;f] j:t'df
pTkfbg u/]sf] j:t'af6 leGg b]vfpg Jofkf/
k|of]u ul/Psf] Jofkf/ lrGxn] ;sf/fTds
lrGxsf] k|of]usf] dxTj a'em]sf eP tfklg btf{åf/f
c;/ ldnf];\ .
To;sf] ;'/Iff ug{ ;lsg] dxTjsf] af/]df hfgsf/
5}gg\ .
$
k|rlnt Jofkf/ lrGx P]g cGtu{t ljlwjt\ btf{
ePdf tkfO{sf] sDkgLnfO{ To:tf] sfo{sf/L clwsf/
k|fKt x'G5 . h; cg';f/ tkfO{sf] sDkgLn] tkfO{sf]
sDkgLåf/f pTkflbt j:t'l;t x'ax' ldNg] jf To:t}
lrGx k|of]u x'g] j:t'sf] laqmL ljt/0fdf /f]s
nufpg ;Sb5 .
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] btf{ lagf tkfO{n] ahf/df nufgL
ug{ vf]Hg' ePsf] s'g} j:t' v]/ hfg ;S5 .
lsgls tkfO{sf] k|ltåGåL sDkgLn] x'ax' jf em'Sofpg]
vfnsf Jofkf/ lrGx k|of]u ug{ ;Sb5 . olb s'g}
Ps k|lt:kwL{n] To:t} jf x'ax' Jofkf/ lrGx k|of]u
u/]df, pkef]Qmf em'Sofgdf k/L tkfO{sf] sDkgLsf]
;fdfg egL k|lt:kwL{n] pTkfbg u/]sf] ;fdfg
vl/b u/]df o;n] tkfO{sf] sDkgLnfO{ x'g] gfkmfdf
x|f; dfq NofpFbg} , o;n] tkfO{sf] u|fxsnfO{ klg
låljwfdf kfb{5 / olb tkfO{sf] k|ltåGåL sDkgLsf]
pTkflbt j:t' lgDg k|sl[ tsf] 5 eg] o;n] tkfO{sf]
sDkgLsf] k|lti7f / ;fvdf klg cfFr cfpg
;Sb5 .
Jofkf/ lrGx olt dxTjk"0f{ 5 ls o;n] ahf/df
tkfO{sf] sDkgLåf/f pTkflbg j:t'sf] ;kmntfnfO{
lgwf{/0f ub{5 . To; sf/0f Jofkf/ lrGx ;DalGwt
lgsfodf btf{ x'g h?/L 5 .
o;sf] cnfjf btf{ ePsf] Jofkf/ lrGx c?
sDkgLnfO{ k|of]u ug{ lbg ;lhnf] x'G5 h;n]
tkfO{sf] sDkgLnfO{ cfDbfgLsf] cltl/Qm ;|f]t
pknAw u/fpFb5 jf o;}sf] cfwf/df Jofkfl/s
;Demf}tf klg x'g ;Sb5 .
slxn]sflxF pkef]Qmfx¿aLr Pp6f Voflt k|fKt
Jofkf/ lrGxn] cfly{s ;+:yfx¿af6 sf]if k|fKt
klg ug{ ;Sb5 lsgeg] o:tf] ;+:yfx¿n] Jofkfl/s
;kmntfsf] nflu To:tf] Jofkf/ lrGxsf] dxTj
a'em]sf x'G5g\ .
Jofkf/ lrGxx¿
· pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ ljleGg j:t'x¿sf] klxrfg
ug{ ;'lglZrt ub{5 .
· sDkgLx¿nfO{ cfkm'åf/f pTkflbt j:t'
5'§\ofpg ;Ifd agfpF5 .
· ahf/Ls/0fsf dfWod÷;fwg x'g / sDkgLsf]
Voflt / 5ljsf] nflu cfwf/e" :tDe x'g
;S5 .
· cGonfO{ k|of]u ug{ lbO{ /f]oN6Lsf] dfWodåf/f
k|ToIf ;|f]t pknAw x'g ;S5 . dxTjk"0f{
Jofkfl/s ;DklQ xg' ;Sb5 .
· d"Nojfg\ Jofj;flos ;DKlQ x'g ;Sb5 .
· pTkfbgsf] u'0f:t/nfO{ sfod /fVg jf j[l4
ug{ k|f];flxt ub{5 .
· cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ug{ ;xof]u ub{5 .
%
 @= Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ;+/If0f
tkfO{sf] sDkgLn] Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ;+/If0f s;/L
ug{ ;Sb5 <
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ;+/If0f btf{åf/f jf s'g} b]zdf
To;sf] k|of]uåf/f ug{ ;lsG5 . Jofkf/ lrGx
To;sf] k|of]uåf/f ;+/If0f ug{ ;lsPtf klg Jofkf/
lrGxnfO{ /fli6«o Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{nodf uO{
ljlwjt\ ?kdf btf{ ug'{ cfjZos x'G5 -s'g} Jofkf/
lrGxsf sfof{nox¿df ljB'tLo btf{ kmf/fdx¿
pknAw 5g\_ . Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ u/]df cem a9L
;+/If0f k|fKt x'G5 . vf; u/]/ s'g} x'ax' jf
låljwfo'Qm Jofkf/ lrGx ePsf] cj:yfdf o;/L
/x]sf] Jofkf/ lrGxn] cem a9L ;+/If0f k|bfg
ub{5 . Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug]{ sfo{df To:tf] ;]jf
-sltko cj:yfdf afWofTds klg x'G5_ k|bfg
ug]{ Ph]G6x¿sf] ;]jf lnPdf
pkof]uL x'G5 .
s] Jofkfl/s gfd btf{ ub}{df tkfO{sf] sDkgLsf]
nflu kof{Kt x'G5 <
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /
w]/} h:tf] JolQmx¿n] cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ / Jofkfl/s
gfd btf{ ub}d{ f cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ lrGx :jtM ;'/lIft
x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; ug]{ ub{5g\ . of] Pp6f ;fdfGo
e|d xf] . Jofkfl/s gfd / Jofkf/ lrGx aLrsf]
leGgtf a'em\g' h?/L 5 .
^
Jofkfl/s gfd tkfO{+sf] Jofkf/sf] k"/f gfd xf]
pbfx/0ffy{ æJofNsdfs{ OG6/g]zgn lnld6]8Æ
gfdn] tkfO{sf] sDkgLsf] klxrfg u/fpFb5 . of]
k|fo ln=, OGs jf c? To:t} zAbdf 6'+luG5 .
h;n] sDkgLsf] sfg"gL rl/qnfO{ lrgfpFb5 .
Jofkf/ lrGx rflxF Pp6f o:tf] lrGx xf] h;n]
tkfO{sf] sDkgLsf] pTkfbgx¿nfO{ k[ys ljlzi6tf
b]vfpF5 . Pp6f sDkgLsf] ljleGg Jofkf/ lrGx
x'g ;Sb5 . pbfx/0ffy{ AofNsdfs{ OG6/g]zgn
lnld6]8n] cfkm\gf] Pp6f pTkfbg AofNsdfs{ /
csf]{ /]8dfs{ eg]/ laqmL ug{ ;Sb5 . sDkgLx¿n]
cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ pTkfbg jf s'g–} s'g} vf; lsl;dsf]
pTkfbgnfO{ lrgfpg s'g} vf; lsl;dsf] Jofkf/
lrGx k|of]u ug]{ ub{5g\ . s'g} sDkgLx¿n] cfkm\gf]
Jofkfl/s gfd jf To;sf] s]xL c+z Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
?kdf k|of]u ug]{ ub{5g\ . To; cj:yfdf
ltgLx¿n] To;nfO{ Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ?kdf btf{
u/fpg' kb{5 .
Jofkf/ lrGx btf{sf nflu cfj]bg lbg sf]
cflwsfl/s x'G5<
;fdfGotof Jofkf/ lrGx k|of]u ug{ rfxg] s'g}
klg JolQm jf s'g} t];|f] kIfaf6 k|of]udf Nofpg
rfxg]n] btf{sf] nflu cfj]bg lbg ;Sb5 . of]
JolQm jf sfg"gL lgsfo hf] klg x'g ;Sb5 .
sDkgLsf] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ u/fpg' s]
clgjfo{ 5<
of] clgjfo{ geP tfklg Jofkf/ lrGxsf] cglws[t
k|of]unfO{ /f]Sgsf] lglDt btf{ u/fpg' clt pko'Qm
b]lvG5 .
cfj]bg c:jLs[t x'gs ' f d'Vo sf/0f s]–s] x'g\ < · e|dfTds Jofkf/ lrGxM oL o:tf Jofkf/
Jofkf/ lrGx 5gf}6 ubf{ s:tf vfnsf lrGxx¿ lrGxx¿ x'g\ h;n] pkef]QmfnfO{ pTkflbt
btf{sf] nflu :jLsfo{ x'bF g} g\ eGg] af/]df hfgsf/L j:t'sf] k|sl[ t, u'0f:t/ jf ef}uf]lns pTklQsf]
/x]df Tof] ;xof]uL x'G5 . Jofkf/ lrGxsf] nflu af/]df u'd/fx kfl//x]sf x'G5g\ . pbfx/0ffy{
btf{ ePsf cfj]bgx¿ k|foMh;f] kof{Kt cfwf/df ufO{sf] Jofkf/ lrGx nufO{ ahf/Ls/0f ug{
c:jLs[t x'g] ub{5g\ . h:t} M vf]h] Tof] ;fob c:jLs[t x'g ;Sb5 .
lsgsL o;n] pkef]QmfnfO{ u'd/fxdf kfg{
· ;fwf/0f zAbfjnL M pbfx/0ffy{ olb
;Sb5 .
tkfO{sf] sDkgLn] s';L{ a]Rg] p2]Zon] s';L{
eGg] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug{ rfx]df Tof] · ;fdflhs dof{bf jf g}ltstf lj?4sf]
c:jLs[t x'g]5 lsgsL s';L{ pTkfbgsf] lrGxx¿M o:tf zAb tyf lrGxx¿ h;n]
;fwf/0f zAbfjnL xf] . g}ltstfsf] d"No / dfGotf / wd{nfO{ pNn+3g
ug]{ vfnsf 5g\ eg] To:tf] lrGxx¿
· ljj/0ffTds zAbfjnL M oL zAbfjnLx¿
;fdfGotof btf{ ul/+b}g .
k|foMh;f] Jofkf/sf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} pTkflbt
j:t'sf] ljj/0f ug'{ kbf{ k|of]u ul/g] zAbfjnLx¿ · /fHo tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+u7gx?sf em08f,
x'g\ . pbfx/0ffy{ rsn]6sf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] c:q c+lst klxrfg, 5fk / k|lts lrGxx?,
nflu u'lnof] eGg] lrGx ljj/0ffTds ePsf] h'g WIPO sf] cGt/f{li6«o sfof{nodf
sf/0fn] c:jLs[t x'g ;Sb5 . jf:tjdf, s'g} ;';"lrt ePsf 5g\ To:tf] lrGxx¿ btf{
klg rsn]6 pTkfbsstf{nfO{ cfkm\gf] pTkfbgsf] x'b}gg\ .
ahf/Ls/0fsf] nflu u'lnof] eGg] zAbfjnL
dfly Psflwsf/ lbg' cGofok"0f{ x'g hfG5 .
To;}u/L u'0f:t/Lo jf pQfpnf] zAbfjnL
h:t} b|t' , pQd, k/Dk/fut tyf gljgtf olb
s'g} cGo ljlzi6 lrGx h:tf zAbfjnLn]
lj/f]w ;[hgf ug{ ;Sb5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf
To:tf] lrGxsf] s'g} klg c+z dfly Psflwsf/
sfod ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5}g eGg] Pp6f
clgR5fkq /fVg' h?/L 5 .

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 olb s'g} Jofkf/ lrGx k"j{ :jLs[t Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
clwsf/l;t lj/f]wfef;L /xG5 eg] ;f]xL cfwf/df
To:tf] cfj]bgx¿ c:jLs[t x'g] ub{5g\ . Pp6}
k|sf/sf] pTkfbgsf] nflu x'ax' jf To;l;t
ldNbf]hN' bf] Jofkf/ lrGx 5 eg] To;n] pkef]QmfnfO{
låljwfdf kfg{ ;S5 . s]xL Jofkf/ lrGx k|bfg ug]{
sfof{nox¿n] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug]{ k|lqmofdf
eO/x]sf] lrGx ;fy} btf{ gePsf k|ltli7t
lrGxx¿nfO{ ;fydf /fvL btf{ k|lqmofdf g} btf{
kZrft s'g} k|sf/sf] lj/f]w gcfcf];\ egL k/LIf0f
ug]{ ub{5g\ eg] s]xLn] t];f| ] kIfaf6 To:tf] Jofkf/
lrGxsf] k|sfzg kZrft\ bfaL lj/f]w lbPsf] cj:yfdf
dfq k/LIf0f ug]{ ub{5g\ . olb s'g} Jofkf/ lrGx
s'g} ljBdfg Jofkf/ lrGx jf j:t'l;t d]n vfG5
jf em'Sofpg] k|sf/sf] 5 eg] To:tf] lrGx /2 jf
c:jLs[t x'G5 . låljwfo'Qm jf x'ax' lsl;dsf]
Jofkf/ lrGx k|of]u gug'{ g} a'l4dQfk"0f{ x'G5 .
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ jf lgdf{0f ubf{ s]
s'/fdf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kg]{ x'G5 <
Jofkf/ lrGx tkfO{sf] Joj;fosf] ahf/Ls/0f
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /
/0fgLltsf] dxTjk"0f{ tTj ePsf] x'gfn] Jofkf/
lrGxsf] 5gf}6 jf lgdf{0f Pp6f ;+jb] gzLn v'8l\ snf]
xf] . tkfO{+sf] pTkflbt j:t'sf] nflu s'g rflxF
Jofkf/ lrGx pko'Qm x'G5 < o;sf nflu To:tf]
s'g} afWofTds lgod geP tfklg tn lbPsf] kfFr
a'Fbf tkfO{+sf] nflu pkof]uL x'g ;Sb5 .
*
tkfO{nfO{ Jofkf/ lrGx 5gf}6 ug{sf]
nflu kfFr a'Fb] r]slni6
· tkfO{n] 5gf}6 u/]sf] Jofkf/ lrGxn] btf{sf]
nflu ;a} sfg"gL cfjZostfx¿ k"/f ub{5
ls ub}g{ x]gx{' f];\ -cfj]bg /2 x'g] sf/0fx¿
k[i7 &_
· ljBdfg Jofkf/ lrGx;Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] jf
em'Sofpg] vfnsf] gxf];\ eGgfsf nflu Jofkf/
lrGxsf] vf]hL ug'{xf];\ -k[i7 !!_
· tkfO{sf] Jofkf/ lrGx ;lhn}l;t k9\g, n]Vg,
pRrf/0f ug{ / ;Demg ;Sg] / ;a} vfn]
cfd ;+rf/ dfWoddf lj1fkg ug{ of]Uo 5
eGg] s'/fdf ljZj:t x'g'xf];\ .
· tkfO{sf] lrGxdf tkfO{s} efiffdf jf cGo
efiff hxfF lgof{tsf] ;Defjgf a9L /x]sf] 5
To;df cGoyf cy{ nfUg] efiffsf] k|of]u
ePsf] 5 ls 5}g Wofg lbg'xf];\ .
· btf{sf] nflu OG6/g]6 7]ufgf pknAw 5 ls
5}g Wofg lbg'xf];\ . -Jofkf/ lrGx tyf
OG6/g]6 7]ufgfsf] gfdsf] ;DaGwdf
k[i7 !(_
Ps jf ;f] eGbf a9L zAbsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ o;n]
s:tf] lsl;dsf] k|efj kfb{5 eGg] ljifotkm{ klg
Wofg lbg'kb{5 .
· agfj6L jf æe8\lsnfÆ zAbx¿ . oL
zAbx¿ agfOPsf x'G5g\, h;sf] s'g} tflTjs jf
jf:tljs cy{ x'b}gg\ . agfj6L zAbx¿ g};lu{s
?kdf 5'§} klxrfg x'g ;Sg] x'gfn] of] ;lhn}
l;t ;'/lIft x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf /xg ;Sb5 .
tyflk o;sf] gsf/fTds kIfnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg]
pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ oL zAbx¿ ;lDem/xg sl7g kb{5
h:n] ubf{ o:tf pTkfbgsf] lj1fkg ubf{ 7"nf]
k|of; vlr{g' kb{5 .
pbfx/0fsf] nflu
sf]8fs Oi6d]g sDkgLsf] j}wflgs
Jofkf/ lrGx xf]
;f}hGo M Oi6d]g sf]8fs sDkgL
· :j]R5frf/L lrGxM oL o:tf zAbx¿ x'g\
h;sf] lj1fkg ul/Psf j:t'l;t s'g} ;DaGw
/fVb}g . o:tf lrGxx¿ ;+/If0f ug{ ;lhnf] eP
tfklg pkef]Qmfsf] dfg;k6ndf of] lrGx /
pTkfbgsf] ;DaGw ;[hgf ug{sf] nflu k|r/" dfqfdf
lj1fkg cfjZostf kb{5 .
pbfx/0ffy{M df]jfOn kmf]gsf] ahf/Ls/0fsf] nflu
xfQL c+lst Jofkf/ lrGx
· ;'emfjd'ns lrGxM oL o:tf lrGx x'g h;n]
s'g} pTkfbgsf] Ps jf s]xL u'0fsf] af/]df ;'emfj
ub{5 . ;'emfjd"ns lrGx lj1fkgsf] :j?kdf
sfd ub{5 . tyflk s]xL b]zx¿n] ;'emfjd"ns
lrGxnfO{ s'g} pTkfbgsf] ljj/0ffTds lrGxsf]
?kdf u|x0f ub{5g\ .
pbfx/0ffy{ M ljB'tLo lx6/sf] ahf/Ls/0fsf]
nflu NofPsf] Jofkf/ lrGx ;gLn] To; pTkfbgn]
3/ tftf] tyf Gofgf] agfpg] tkm{ O+lut ub{5 .
tyfkL Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug]{ s]xL sfof{non]
o;nfO{ a9L ljj/0ffTds ;DemL btf{ gug{ klg
;Sb5 .
tkfO{n] h:tf] ;'s} Jofkf/ lrGx 5gf}6 u/]tf klg
ljBdfg rng rNtLdf /x]sf] Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
gSsn gug'{ g} /fd|f] x'G5 . s'g} k|lt:kwL{n] k|of]u
u/]sf] Jofkf/ lrGxnfO{ ;fdfGo kl/jt{g u/]df jf
k|l;4 lrGxnfO{ unt lsl;dn] pNn]v u/]df
To:tf] lrGx btf{ gx'g ;S5 .
pbfx/0ffy{ M EASY WEAR o'jfx¿n] klx/g
ug]{ n'ufsf] k+lhs[t Jofkf/ lrGx xf] . olb tkfO{
o:t} jf o; klx/g;Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] klx/g
EEZYWARE sf] gfdaf6 laqmL ug{ rfxg' x'G5
eg] Tof] a'l4dtfk"0f{ sfo{ x'bg} . o:tf] gfd ljBdfg
rngrNtLdf /x]sf] gfd ldNbf]hN' bf] / låljwfo'Qm
x'g] x'gfn] of] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ gx'g ;Sb5 .
(
 Jofkf/ lrGxsf] r/0fa4 btf{
lgj]bs
klxnf] r/0fdf tkfO{n] ljlwjt\ ?kdf Jofkf/ lrGx
btf{sf] cfj]bg kmd{ e/L a'emfpg' kg]{ 5 . To;
cfj]bg kmd{df tkfO{sf] sDkgLsf] ljj/0f, ;Dks{
7]ufgf, lrGxsf] lrqfTds k|:t'lt -o;sf] nflu
s'g} lglZrt gd"gf rflxg klg ;Sb5_ / s'g
rflxF Jofkf/sf] nflu Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug{ rfx]sf]
xf] To:tf] ;fdfg / ;]jf jf ju{x¿sf] ljj/0f /
tf]lsPsf] btf{ z'Ns a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
:d/0f /xf];\ ls s]xL Jofkf/ lrGxsf sfof{nox¿
-h:t} cd]l/sf / Sofgf8f_ n] Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
k|of]usf] k|df0f jf To:tf] Jofkf/ lrGx k|of]u
ug]{ dgzfosf] 3f]if0ffsf] k|df0f klg dfUg
;Sb5 . ;DalGwt Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{non]
btf{ k|lqmof af/] cem a9L 7f]; ;"rgf
pknAw u/fpg ;Sb5 .
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{no
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{non] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ubf{sf]
cj:yfdf ckgfOg] k|lqmofx¿ b]zl} kR5] km/s x'g
;Sb5 . tyflk ;du| ?kdf x]bf{ btf{ k|lqmof
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /
k|foM ;dfg k|s[ltsf x'G5g\ .
cf}krfl/s hfFrM Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{non]
tkfO{sf] cfj]bgn] k|zf;lgs cfjZostfx¿ jf
cf}krfl/stf k"/f u/]sf] 5 ls 5}g egL hfFr
ub{5 . -cyf{t\ cfj]bg b:t'/ a'emfOPsf] 5 ls
5}g / cfj]bg ;xL 9+un] ePsf] 5 ls 5}g To;sf]
hfFr ub{5_
!)
;f/e"t hfFrM s]xL b]zx¿sf Jofkf/ lrGx btf{
ug]{ sfof{nox¿n] tkfO{sf] cfj]bgn] ;f/jfg
cfjZostf -cyf{t Jofkf/ lrGx s'g} To:tf] ju{df
kb{5 h'g Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfg"gåf/f lgif]lwt
ul/Psf] 5 / To:tf] Jofkf/ lrGx ljBdfg rng
rNtLdf /x]sf] csf]{ s'g} Jofkf/ lrGx;Fu
lj/f]wfef;o'Qm 5 ls 5}g_ hfFr ub{5 .
k|sfzg / lj/f]wM w]/}h;f] b]zx?df t];|f]
kIfnfO{ bfaL lj/f]wsf] lglZrt ;do;Ldf ;lxt
Jofkf/ lrGxnfO{ a'n]l6g jf klqsfdf k|sfzg
ul/G5 . c? s]xL b]zx?df eg] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{
eP kl5 dfq k|sflzt ug]{ ul/G5 . o;/L k|sfzg
ubf{ s]xL kof{Kt ;dofjlw tf]lsPsf] x'G5 h;
cGt{ut btf{pk/ bfjL lj/f]wsf nflu lgj]bg lbg
;lsG5 .
btf{ M c:jLs[t x'g' kg]{ s'g} sf/0f geP kl5
Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ul/G5 . o;/L Jofkf/ lrGx btf{
eO{ ;s]kl5 btf{sf] k|df0f–kq pknAw u/fOG5
h'g ;fdfGot !) jif{sf] nflu j}w x'G5 .
gjLs/0f M cfjZos gjLs/0f btf{ z'Ns a'emfP
kZrft\ lrGx ;w}s+ f] nflu gjLs/0f x'G5 . tyflk
olb s'g} Jofkf/ lrGx k|rlnt Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
sfg"g cGtu{t s]xL lglZrt ;do ;Ldfleq s'g}
j:t' jf ;]jfdf k|of]u ul/Psf] 5}g eg] To:tf]
cj:yfdf Jofkf/ lrGxsf] btf{ k"0f{ ?kdf vf/]hL
x'g ;Sb5 .
Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug{ slt ;do nfUb5 <
Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug{sf] nflu b]z} lkR5] km/s
;do nfUg ;Sb5 . olb Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug]{
sfof{nosf] uDeL/ k/LIf0fkl5 Jofkf/ lrGxsf] btf{
;fwf/0ftof # dlxgfb]lv @ jif{;Dd nfUg]
ub{5 . tkfO{sf] j:t'sf] lj1fkg / ;DalGwt
pTkflbt j:t'sf] ahf/Ls/0f ug{sf] nflu Jofkf/
lrGxsf] btf{sf] cfj]bg clu|d ?kdf g} u/L
btf{nfO{ ;'/lIft /fVg' pko'Qm x'g]5 .
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] lgdf{0f, To;sf] ;+/If0f / k|of]udf
s] slt vr{ nfUb5 <
§ Jofkf/ lrGxsf] lgdf{0f / To;sf] btf{sf]
nflu s] slt vr{ nfUb5 eGg] s'/f Wofgdf
/fvL ;f]xL cg';f/ cfkmgf] ah]6 to
ug'{k5{ .
§ Jofkf/ lrGxsf] nf]uf]sf] lgdf{0f jf Jofkf/
lrGxsf] ?kdf k|oQ' m x'g] zAbsf] lgdf{0fsf]
nflu w]/} h;f] sDkgLn] o:tf] sfdsf] nflu
aflx/L ;xof]u lng] x'gfn] o;df vr{ nfUg
;Sb5 .
§ Jofkf/ lrGxsf] vf]hL sfo{ ;+rfng ubf{
vr{ nfUg ;Sb5 -tn x]g'{xf];\_
§ btf{ k|lqmofdf vr{ nfUg ;Sb5, h'g b]z
/ pTkflbt j:t'sf] ju{ -jf Jofkf/ lrGx
>]0fL k[i7 !! x]g'{xf];\_ cg';f/ km/s x'g
;Sb5 . tkfO{sf] b]zsf] /fli6«o Jofkf/
lrGxsf] sfof{non] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ubf{
nfUg] ;Dk"0f{ vr{sf] nfut pknAw u/fpg
;Sb5 .
§ sDkgLn] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ug]{ k|lqmofdf
Jofj;flos Jofkf/ lrGxsf Ph]G6x¿sf]
k|of]u u/]df yk vr{ nfUg ;Sb5 . o;f]
eP tfklg o;n] btf{ k|lqmofdf ;do /
phf{sf] art x'g] ub{5 .
tkfO{n] 5gf}6 u/]sf] Jofkf/ lrGx cGo
k+hLs[t Jofkf/ lrGxl;t lj/f]wfef; 5 ls 5}g
eg]/ s;/L kQf nufpg] < Jofkf/ lrGxsf] vf]h
eg]sf] s] xf] <
Jofkf/ lrGx btf{sf] nflu cfj]bg a'emfpg' cl3
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] vf]h ul/;s]sf] x'gk' b{5 . tkfO{n]
k|of]udf Nofpg rfxg' ePsf] Jofkf/ lrGx jf
To:t};Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] Jofkf/ lrGx c? s'g}
sDkgLåf/f x'ax' jf To:t} pTkflbt j:t'df k|of]u
ug{sf] nflu btf{ eO;s]sf] 5 ls 5}g eGg] p2]Zon]
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] vf]h ug]{ ul/G5 .
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] vf]h tkfO{ cfkm}+n] jf Jofkf/
lrGxsf] sfo{df sfo{/t Ph]G6x¿sf] ;]jf lng
;Sg' x'G5 . To:tf] Jofkf/ lrGxsf] vf]h tkfO{dWo]
s;}n] tkfO{sf] /fli6«o Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{no
-h'g lgMz'Ns jf s]xL b:t'/ lt/]/_ jf Jofj;flos
?kdf Jofkf/ lrGxsf] tYofª\s ;~rfng ug]{
sfof{noaf6 pknAw x'g ;Sb5 . h'g;'s} tl/sfn]
vf]h u/] klg To:tf] vf]h k|f/lDes dfq} xf] eGg]
s'/fnfO{ Wofgdf /fVg'kb{5 . tkfO{n] 5gf}6 ug'e{ Psf]
Jofkf/ lrGx ljBdfg cj:yfdf j}wflgs /x]sf]
k~hLs[t Jofkf/ lrGxl;t ldNbf]hN' bf] 5 ls 5}g
egL lgSof}{n ug'{ ufx|f] x'G5 . To;}n] oxfFlg/
cg'ejL Jofkf/ lrGxsf Ph]G6 hf] Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
sof{nosf] sfdl;t / cbfntsf] lg0f{ox¿l;t
hflgkmsf/ / kl/lrt /xG5g\ ltgLx¿sf] ;/;Nnfx
lng' Hofb} g} pkof]uL x'G5 .
!!
 Ph]G6sf] ;dIf hfg' cl3 tkfO{sf] /fli6«o Jofkf/
lrGxsf] sfof{no -jf Jofj;flos 8f6fj]z sDkgL_n]
k|f/lDes vf]h ug{sf] nflu tkfO{nfO{ lgMz'Ns
ljB'tLo -cgnfO{g_ Jofkf/ lrGxsf] tYofª\s
pknAw u/fPsf] 5 ls 5}g Tof] x]g'{ h?/L
x'G5 . Jofkf/ lrGxsf] tYofª\ssf] ;"rL WIPO
sf] j]e;fO{{6 df pknAw 5 .
Jojl:yt juL{s[t k|0ffnL
w]/} h;f] b]zx¿df Jofkf/ lrGxsf] cfj]bg kmf/fd
ebf{ s'g j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] nflu Jofkf/ lrGx btf{
ug{ rfx]sf] xf] ;f] ;d]t v'nfO{ ;f]xL cg'?k
To;sf] juL{s/0f ;d]t ug'k{ g]{ x'G5 . o;n] Jofkf/
lrGxsf] juL{s/0f k|0ffnL cGtu{tsf] ju{nfO{ Olª\ut
ub{5 Jofkf/ lrGxsf] juL{s/0f k|0ffnLn] k~hLs[t
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] tYofª\s / ;f] Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
s'g} j:t' jf ;]jfsf] ;DaGwnfO{ Jojl:yt ?kn]
;'/lIft ug]{ ub{5 . o;n] Jofkf/ lrGxsf] 8f6fj]z
jf ;"rgf k|fKt ug{ ;lhnf] agfpFb5 . s'g p2]Zosf]
nflu tkfO{ cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ lrGx k|of]u ug{ rfxg'xG' 5
o;sf] nflu ;a} ju{df tkfO{sf] Jofkf/ lrGx btf{
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /
ug{ h?/L 5 . Jofks ?kdf k|of]u ul/g] o:tf]
juL{s/0f k|0ffnL cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ lrGx juL{s/0f
k|0ffnL xf] . h; cGtu{t j:t'x¿sf] nflu #$ j6f
ju{ / ;]jfx¿sf] nflu !! j6f ju{x¿ juL{s[t
5g\ . Nice Classification k|0ffnLsf] af/]df a9L
hfgsf/L lng rfx]df k|l/lzi6f+s III af6 lng
;lsG5 . o;sf] nflu x]g'{xf];\M www.wipo.int/
classifications/en/nice/about/
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Jofkf/ lrGx j:t' jf ;]jfsf] cfwf/df juL{s[t
ul/Psf] x'G5 . -o;sf] nflu cg';r" L III df /x]sf]
cGt/f{li6«o juL{s/0f k|0ffnL x]g'{xf];\_ tkfO{n]
vf]hsf] $% j6f Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ju{l;tsf]
kl/roaf6 k|f/De ug'{xf];\ .
pbfx/0ffy{ M
pTkflbt j:t'x¿ s;/L juL{s[t x'G5g\ < o;sf]
nflu Pp6f pbfx/0f x]/f}+ . olb tkfO{sf] sDkgLn]
rSs' tyf sfF6f pTkfbg ub{5 eg] tkfO{sf] Jofkf/
lrGxsf] cfj]bg ju{ * df /x]sf] j:t';Fu
x'g'kb{5 . tyflk, tkfO{ oL ;fdfgsf] cnfjf
efG;fdf k|of]u x'g] efF8f at{g -h:t}M 8]SrL, s/fO{,
tfKs]_ klg ;f]xL Jofkf/ lrGx cGtu{t g} k|of]u
ug{ rfxg' x'G5 eg] Tof] lrGx ju{ @! cGtu{t d]n
vfg] ;fdfg cGtu{t btf{ ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . sltko
b]zx¿df k|To]s pTkfbgsf] nflu km/s–km/s
cfj]bg lbg'kg]{ x'G5 eg] cGo b]zx¿df Pp6}
cfj]bgn] klg w]/} ju{nfO{ ;d]6\g ;Sb5 .
Jofkf/ lrGx cfj]bg btf{ ug{sf] nflu Jofkf/ lrGxsf
sfd ug]{ Ph]G6sf] ;xof]u cfjZos 5 <
;fdfGo lgodfg';f/ w]/}h;f] b]zx¿df Jofkf/
lrGxsf] cfj]bg btf{ ug{sf] nflu To:tf] Ph]G6sf]
cfjZostf kb}g{ . cfj]bg tkfO{ cfkm}n] btf{ ug{
;Sg'x'G5 . tyflk To:tf] Ph]G6sf] ;]jf lnPdf
tkfO{sf] ;do art x'g ;Sb5 lsgeg] oL
Ph]G6x¿ Jofkf/ lrGxsf] vf]hL ug]{ sfo{df bIf
x'gs
' f] ;fy} Jofkf/ lrGx btf{sf] lj:t[t sfo{ljlwsf]
af/]df hflgkmsf/ x'G5g\ . logLx¿sf] ;xof]uaf6
tkfO{sf] Jofkf/ lrGx pko'Qm Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
ju{x¿df btf{ eO{ ;'/lIft x'g'sf] ;fy} cfj]bg
c:jLs[t x'gaf6 klg aRb5 . olb ljb]zdf Jofkf/
lrGx btf{sf] nflu cfj]bg lbg rfxg' x'G5 eg]
To; cj:yfdf ;DalGwt b]zsf] Jofkf/ lrGxdf
sfd ug]{ Ph]G6sf] cfjZostf kg{ ;Sb5 .
olb o:tf] Ph]G6sf] cfjZostf k5{ eg] ;DalGwt
af}l4s ;DklQsf] sfof{no -kl/lzi6f+s II x]gx{' f];_\
n] tkfO{nfO{ cfjZos ;Nnfx / cflwsfl/s ?kdf
;"lrs[t To:tf bfnfx¿sf] ;"lr pknAw ug{
;Sb5 .
btf{ ePsf] Jofkf/ lrGx slt ;do;Dd ;l'/lIft
/xG5 <
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ;+/If0f b]z cg';f/ km/s eP
tfklg k~hLs[t Jofkf/ lrGx ;fdfGotof !)
jif{;Ddsf] nflu ;'/lIft /xG5g\ . olb gjLs/0f
b:t'/ ;dodf g} a'emfOPsf] 5 eg] gjLs/0f
sfnfGt/sf] -csf]{ yk !) jif{sf]_ nflu klg ug{
;lsG5 . tkfO{sf] Jofkf/sf] lxtsf] nflu / ;dod}
gjLs/0f ug's{ f] nflu sDkgLsf] s'g} Ps JolQmnfO{
gjLs/0fsf] bfloTj ;'Dk]df ;a} b]zdf tkfO{sf]
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] ;dod} gjLs/0f x'g ;Sb5 .
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xf] . w]/} h;f] b]zdf /rgfsf/n] cfkm"n] l;h{gf
u/]sf] s'g} l;hg{zLn jf snfTds sfo{ dflysf]
;jf{lwsf/ :jtM p;} dfly /xG5 . To;}n] olb
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;jf{lwsf/sf] :jfldTjsf] ;jfnnfO{ :ki6;Fu
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;jf{lwsf/ tkfO{sf] sDkgLdf lglxt /x]sf] s'/fnfO{
lglZrt ug'{kb{5 .
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tkfO{sf] b]zdf btf{ ePsf] Jofkf/ lrGxn] tkfO{s}
b]zdf dfq To; ;DaGwL clwsf/ k|bfg ub{5 .
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· The African Regional Industrial Property
office
· The Benelux Trademark Office
· The Office for the Harmonization of the
Internal Market of the European Union
· The Organization Aficaine dela Propriete
Intellectuelle
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egL k|dfl0ft ug{ lbg] lrGx .
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cflwsfl/s ?kdf Jofkf/ lrGx btf{ ul/+b}g .
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Psflwsf/ gfd x:tfGt/0f jf /2 ug's { f] ;fy} 7"nf]
Iflt jf hl/jfgf ltg'k{ g]{ x'G5 . To;}n] Psflwsf/
gfd 5gf}6 ubf{ cGo sDkgLsf] Jofkf/ lrGx /
vf; u/L k|ltli7t Jofkf/ lrGx gk/f];\ eGg]
s'/fnfO{ dxTj lbg' k5{ .
s'g} vf; Jofkf/ lrGx ;+/lIft 5 ls 5}g eg]/
kQf nufpgsf] nflu tkfO{ cfkm\gf] /fli6«o jf
If]qLo Jofkf/ lrGxsf] sfof{nodf l;w} ;Dks{ ug{
;Sg'x'G5 . h;n] OG6/g]6df Jofkf/ lrGxsf]
tYof° vf]hL ug]{ sfo{ ;~rfng ub{5g\, wipo
sf] j]e;fO6 www.arbiter.wipo.int/trademark/
df tYof°sf] ;"lr k|fKt ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 .
olb tkfO{ sDkgLsf] Jofkf/ lrGx Psflwsf/
gfddf k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 jf cGo JolQm jf
sDkgLåf/f cltqmd0f ePsf] 5 eg] tkfO{n] To:tf]
b'?kof]u÷cltqmd0fnfO{ /f]Sg To;sf] lj?4 kfOnf
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5 . To;sf] ;fxf/f lng ;Sg' x'G5 . of] j]e;fO6df
lzsfotsf] gd"gf /xg'sf] ;fy} Psflwsf/
gfdl;t hf]l8Psf xhf/f} lgld{t d'2fx¿sf] ;"rL
klg pknAw 5 .
s] tkfO{n] cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ lrGx c? sDkgLnfO{
cg'1fkg (Licenced) ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 <
Jofkf/ lrGx cGo sDkgLx¿nfO{ cg'1fkg ug{
;lsG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf Jofkf/ lrGxsf] wgLn]
:jfldTj ;'/lIft /fVb} cfkm\gf] Jofkf/ lrGxsf] Ps
jf ;f] eGbf a9L sDkgLnfO{ k|of]u ug{ ;xdlt lbg
;Sb5 . o:tf] sfo{ /f]oN6Lsf] e'QmfgLsf] ;DaGwdf
ul/G5 / o;df Jofkf/ lrGxsf] dflnssf] ;+nUgtf
/xG5 . h'g cf}krfl/s cg'1fkgsf] ;Demf}tfdf
lglb{i6 x'G5 .
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 ;xdltsf] cfwf/df cg'1fkg k|bfg ug]{ JolQmn]
lglZrt u'0f:t/ sfod /x]f;\ eGg] k|Tofe"ltsf] nflu
cg'1fkg k|fKt ug]{ JolQm pk/ s]xL xb;Dd cfkm\gf]
lgoGq0f /fVb5 .
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k|bfg ug]{ k|rng 5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu Jofkfl/s
;Demf}tf jf cGo af}l4s ;DklQ h:t}M k]6]G6 /
s'g} j:t'sf] pTkfbgsf] nflu k|bfg ul/g] k|fljlws
;xfotf .
Jofkf/ lrGx ;Demf}tfn] Jofkf/ lrGxl;t s]
ug'{kb{5 <
Jofkf/ lrGxsf] cg'1fkg Jofkfl/s ;Demf}tfsf]
s]Gb|ljGb' xf] . Jofkfl/s ;Dem}ftfpk/ Jofkf/
lrGxsf] dflnssf] lgoGq0f ;fdfGo tyf :t/Lo
Jofkf/ lrGx cg'1fkgsf] ;Demf}tf eGbf a9L
x'G5 . Jofkf/Ls/0f ubf{ Jofkf/Ln] Pp6f lgwf{l/t
ljlw / Ifltk"lt{ jf /f]oN6Lsf] abnfdf s'g} csf]{
JolQmnfO{ p;sf] cfkm\g} tl/sfn] -Jofkf/ lrGx
pkef]Qmfsf] ;]jf ;km\jo] / k;nsf] ;hfj6 cflb
;lxt_ Jofkf/ ug{ cg'dlt lbG5 .
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /
pbfx/0ffy{ M s'g} Pp6f xf]6nn] NANDO'S
gfds Jofkf/ lrGxsf] clwgdf /xL s'v'/fsf]
df;'hGo kl/sf/ a]Rg] ub{5 . o;n] ubf{ of]
pTkfbgsf] tof/L / laqmL ug{ Pp6f k4ltsf]
ljsf; u/L pTkfbg 7"nf] dfqfdf / Ps ?ktfdf
laqmL eO/xG5 . h'g k4ltnfO{ xf]6nn] c+lusf/
u/]sf] 5, To;df w]/} lgof]uL ;dfj]z ePsf x'G5g\
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h;n] NANDO's xf]6nsf] ;kmntfnfO{ ;xof]u
ul//x]sf] x'G5 h;df ;'Vvf vfgf ksfpg] ljlw,
sd{rf/Lsf] kf]zfssf] 9fFrf, Kofs]lhËsf] 9fFrf,
Joj:yfkg / n]vf k|0ffnL ;dfj]z x'G5 . NANDO's
n] cfkm\gf] Jofkfl/s lgodnfO{ cfkm\gf] 1fg /
cg'ej k|bfg u/L :yfgLo Jofkfl/s l6ddfly
;'k/Lj]If0f / lgoGq0fsf] clwsf/ /fVb5 . Jofkfl/s
;Demf}tfsf] ckl/xfo{ tTjsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ tL
Jofkfl/s lgudx¿n] NANDO's sf] Jofkf/ lrGx
k|of]u ug]{ clwsf/ k|fKt ub{5g\ .
Nando's Group Holdpings Ltd.sf] ;f}hGo
s] tkfO{sf] sDkgLsf] Jofkf/ lrGx csf]{
sDkgLnfO{ laqmL ug{ jf cg'alGwt ug{ s'g} k|sf/sf]
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jf cg'alGwt ul/G5 eg] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk jf
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bflvnf ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .
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btf{ ug'{ h?/L 5 <
w]/} Jofkf/ lrGx tyf k|l;4 Jofkf/ lrGxx¿
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lglDt s]xL ;do otf cfP/ xNsf ?kdf kl/jt{g
x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . lrGxnfO{ kl/jt{g jf cEo:t ug{
;lsG5 t/ o; ;DaGwdf tkfO{sf] sDkgLn]
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Jofkf/ lrGxsf Ph]G6l;t ;Dks{ u/L To:tf]
;+zf]wg ubf{ gofF cfj]bg / tT;DaGwL b:t'/
nfUg] jf gnfUg] egL k/fdz{ ug'{k5{ .
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1948 1955 1961 1971
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lg0f{o ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .
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tkfO{sf] b]zdf / l5d]sL b]zdf /x]sf] ljBdfg
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ug]{ eGg] af/]df klg ;Nnfx lbg ;S5g\ .

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1995 1999
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;xof]uL / pko'Qm /xG5 .
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wipo dWo:ytf tyf ;xhLs/0f s]Gb|sf] j]e;fO{6
klxrfg u/fpg cltqmd0fsf/LnfO{ Goflos
ww.arbiter.wipo.int x]g'{xf];\ .
clwsf/Lx¿n] afWo kfg{ ;Sb5g\ . Goflos
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w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

gSsnL ;fdfgx¿ ;DalGwt b]zdf ljt/0f x'g'

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;DalGwt eG;f/ clwsf/Lx¿l;t ;Dks{ /fVg'
kg]{ x'G5 .

@@
kl/lzi6f+s I pkof]uL j]e;fO6x?

lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nfluM

• intellectual property issues from a business perspective

www.wipo.int/sme

• trademarks in general

wwwwipoint/about-ip

www.inta.org (International Trademark Association)

• the practical aspects relating to the registration of trademarks see Annex II or

wwwwipoin t/directory/en/urls.jsp

• Madrid system for the International Registration of Marks

wwwwipo.int/madrid

• International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration
of Marks under the Nice Agreement

www.wipo.int/dassifications (under Nice Agreement)

• International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks under the Vienna

Agreement

www.wipo.int/classifications (under Vienna Agreement)

• the conflict between trademarks and domain names and on alternative dispute resolution
procedures for domain names

www.arbiter.wipo.int/domains www.icann.org.

A list of the online trademark databases maintained by industrial property offices throughout
the world is available at www.arbiter.wipo.int/trademark

@#
 kl/lzi6f+s II OG6/g]6 7]ufgfx?
National and Regional Intellectual Property Offices

African Intellectual Property Organization www.oapi.wipo.net

Algeria www.inapi.org
Albania www.alpto.gov.al
Andorra www.ompa.ad
Argentina www.inpi.gov.ar
Armenia www.armpatent.org
Australia www.ipaustralia.gov.au
Austria www.patent.bmvit.gv.at
Bahrain www.gulf-patent-office.org.sa/bahrainframe.htm
Barbados www.caipo.org
Belarus www.belgospatent.org/english/about/history.html
Belgium www.mineco.fgov.be
Belize www.belipo.bz
Benelux www.boip.int
Benin www.oapi.wipo.net
Bolivia www.senapi.gov.bo
Botswana www.aripo.org
Brazil www.inpi.gov.br
Bulgaria www.bpo.bg
Burkina Faso www.oapi.wipo.net
Burundi www.oapi.wipo.net
Cambodia www.moc.gov.kh
Cameroon www.oapi.wipo.net
Canada www.opic.gc.ca
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

Central African Republic www.oapi.wipo.net

Chad www.oapi.wipo.net
Chile www.dpi.cl
China www.sipo.gov.cn
China (Hong Kong -SAR) www.ipd.gov.hk
China (Macao) www.economia.gov.mo
China (Marks) www.saic.gov.cn
Colombia www.sic.gov.co
Congo www.oapi.wipo.net
Costa Rica www.registronadonal.go.cr

@$
Cote d'lvoire www.oapi.wipo.net
Croatia www.dziv.hr
Cuba www.ocpi.cu
Cyprus www.mdt.gov.cy/mcit/drcor/drcor.nsf
Czech Republic www.upv.cz
Democratic Republic of the Congo www.oapi.wipo.net
Denmark www.dkpto.dk
Dominican Republic www.seic.gov.do/onapi
Egypt www.egypo.gov.eg
El Salvador www.cnr.gobs.sv
Estonia www.epa.ee
Eurasian Patent Office www.eapo.org
European Union (Office for Harmonization
in the Internal Market -OHIM) www.oami.eu.int
Finland www.prh.fi
France www.inpi.fr
Gabon www.oapi.wipo.net
Gambia www.aripo.org
Georgia www.sakpatenti.org.ge
Germany www.dpma.de
Ghana www.aripo.org
Greece www.obi.gr
Honduras www.sic.gob.hn/pintelec/indice.htm
Hungary www.mszh.hu/english/index.html
Iceland www.patent.is/focal/webguard.nsf/key2/indexeng.html
India www.ipindia.nic.in
Indonesia www.dgip.go.id
Ireland www.patentsoffice.ie
Israel www.justice.gov.il
Italy www.uibm.gov.it
Jamaica www.jipo.gov.jm
Japan www.jpo.go.jp
Jordan www.mit.gov.jo
Kazakhstan www.kazpatent.org/eng/ish
Kenya www.aripo.org
Kuwait www.gulf-patent-office.org.sa
Lao People's Democratic Republic www.stea.la.wipo.net

@%
 Latvia www.lrpv.lv
Lebanon www.economy.gov.Ib
Lesotho www.aripo.org
Liechtenstein www.european-patent-office.org
Lithuania www.vpb.lt
Luxembourg www.etat.lu/ec
Malawi www.aripo.org
Malaysia www.mipc.gov.my
Mali www.oapi.wipo.net
Mexico www.impi.gob.mx
Monaco www.european-patent-office.org/patlib/country/monaco
Montenegro www.yupat.sv.gov.yu
Morocco www.ompic.org.ma
Mozambique www.aripo.org
Namibia www.aripo.org
Nepal www.ip.np.wipo.net
Netherlands www.octrooicentrum.nl
New Zealand www.iponz.govt.nz
Niger www.oapi.wipo.net
Norway www.patentstyret.no
Oman www.gulf-patent-office.org.sa
Panama www.digerpi.gob.pa
Peru www.indecopi.gob.pe
Philippines www.ipophil.gov.ph
Poland www.business.gov.pl/lntellectual,property,protection,90.html
Portugal www.inpi.pt
Qatar www.gulf-patent-office.org.sa
Republic of Korea www.kipo.go.kr
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

Republic of Moldova www.agepi.md

Romania www.osim.ro
Russian Federation www.rupto.ru
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 196.7.161.62/govt/dpo/index.asp
Saudi Arabia www.gulf-patent-office,org.sa
Senegal www.oapi.wipo.net
Serbia www.yupat.sv.gov.yu
Sierra Leone www.aripo.org
Singapore www.ipos.gov.sg

@^
Slovak Republic www.indprop.gov.sk
Slovenia www.uil-sipo.si/Default.htm
Somalia www.aripo.org
South Africa www.cipro.gov.za
Spain www.oepm.es
Sudan www.aripo.org
Swaziland www.aripo.org
Sweden www.prv.se
Switzerland www.ige.ch
Syrian Arab Republic www.himaya.net
Tajikistan www.tipat.org
Thailand www.ipthailand.org
The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia www.ippo.gov.mk
Togo www.oapi.wipo.net
Trinidad and Tobago www.ipo.gov.tt/home.asp
Tunisia www.inorpi.ind.tn
Turkey www.turkpatent.gov.tr
Turkmenistan www.eapo.org
Uganda www.aripo.org
Ukraine www.sdip.gov.ua
United Arab Emirates www.gulf-patent-office.org.sa
United Kingdom www.patent.gov.uk
United Republic of Tanzania www.aripo.org
United States www.uspto.gov
Uruguay www.dnpi.gub.uy
Uzbekistan www.patent.uz
Venezuela www.sapi.gov.ve
Yemen www.most.org.ye
Zambia www.aripo.org
Zimbabwe www.aripo.org

Note:
For up-to-date information visit website at the following urls: www.wipo.int/member/en/ and
www.wipo.int/directory/en/urls.jsp

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^= ;fdfGo wft' cyjf tfdf lkQn wft' arfpg] ;fdu|Lx?, wft'sf lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, /]nsf] nfOg
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

agfpg] wft'sf ;fdu|L, ;fdfGo wft'sf cljB'tLo s]jn tyf tf/x?, kmnfd ;fdu|L wft'sf
s8f tyf ;fgf ;fdfgx?, wft'sf 6\o'a tyf kfOkx?, ;]kmx?, ljz]if wft'sf geO{ ;fdfGo
wft'sf ;fdfgx? .
&= d]l;g tyf d]l;gsf ;fdfgx?, df]6/ tyf OlGhgx? -e"ld uf8Lx? afx]s_ d]l;g / 6«fG;ld;gsf
kf6{kh' f{x?, s[lif ;DaGwL xft] cf}hf/eGbf d]l;g pTkflbt cf}hf/x?, c08f ksfpg] efF8fx? .
*= xft] cf}hf/÷;fdu|Lx? -xftn] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]_ rSs'sf k|sf/x?, pkc:qx?, /]h;{ .
(= j}1flgs, ;fd'lb|s, ;j]{If0f, kmf]6f] u|flkmS; l;g]df ;DaGwL snf, b[iofTds, jhg ug'{, gfRg',
tf}ng', hf]Vg' ;+s]t lg/LIf0f -;j]{If0f_ hLjg /Iff tyf lzIf0f tyf pks/0fx?, ;~rfng
hLjgofkg, ?kfGt/0f ;+of]hg, lgoGq0f tyf lgolGqt ljBt', Wjlg tyf 5ljsf] k'gM pTkfbg

@*
 tyf ;+qmd0f, l/sl8{ªsf cf}hf/ tyf pks/0fx?, d'b|f tyf l;Ssfaf6 ;~rflnt d]l;gx?,
gub btf{, u0fgLo d]l;gx?, 8f6f k|lqmof pks/0f tyf sDKo'6/x?, clUg;fds ;+oGqx? .
!)= ;lh{sn, d]l8sn, 8]G6n tyf kz'lrlsT;f ;DaGwL pks/0fx?, s[lqd c+ux?, cfFvf tyf
bfFtx?, cyf]{kf]l8s cf}hf/x?, 5fnfsf ;fdfg lgdf{0f ug]{ ;fdu|L,
!!= k|sfz Joj:yfsf nflu ;fdu|Lx?, ttfpg] j:t', jfikLs/0f, vfgf ksfpg', t/f] tfhf kfg'{,
;'sfpg', xfjfåf/f lgdf{0f, hn cfk"lt{ / ;/;kmfO{ ;DaGwL lqmofsnfk .
!@= uf8Lx?, hn, hdLg / jfo'sf nflu rflxg] cfjZos ;fdu|Lx? .
!#= clUg lgoGqs pks/0f, aGb'ssf uf]nLx?, xftxltof/x? / clt;afhLsf ;fdu|Lx?
!$= cd"No wft' tyf To;sf ;/;fdfgx?, u/uxgfx?, cd"No 9'+ufx?, k|:t/;DaGwL pks/0fx?
!%= ;f+uLlts pks/0fx?
!^= sfuh sf8{af]8{sf ;fdfgx?, clnlvt wft'af6 ag]sf ;fdfgx?, 5kfO{;DaGwL ;fdu|Lx?,
lstfasf lhNbfsf ;fdu|Lx?, kmf]6f]u|fkm\;x?, lstfa, sfkL, snd, k]lG;nx?, 3/sf] sfd
/ lstfa o:df sfd ug]{ n]l;nf udx? snfsfl/tfsf ;fdfgx?, /+ufpg] a|;x?, kmlg{r/
afx]ssf 6fOk/fO6/ clkm;df k|of]u ul/g] j:t'x?, lgb]z { gfTds tyf z}lIfs ;fdu|Lx?, Koflsª
ug{sf nflu Knfli6ssf ;fdfgx?, lk|G6;{ 6fOk, 5fKg] ;fFrf]x? .
!&= /a/, ud, u§f, k]r, lr:ofpg] kbfy{x?, ;gdfOsf tyf o;;Fu ;DalGwt ;fdfgx?, Kofs
ug{, aGb ug{, vf]k;DaGwL ;fduLx?, nlrnf] kfOkx? / wft'af6 gag]sf cGo ;fdu|Lx?
!*= 5fnf tyf 5fnfh:t} nfUg] /]lShg / oL;Fu ;DalGwt ;fdu|Lx?, hgfj/sf 5fnfx?, v'/,
gª, gª\u|fx?, xfQL cyjf cGo hgfj/sf ;'F9x? e|d0f ug]{ emf]nfx?, 5ftfx?, 3fdaf6
arfpg] /+uLg tyf xNsf 5ftfx? / lxF8\g] 58L, sf]/f{, 3f]8fsf] unfdf nufpg] k§f / 3f]8fsf]
9f8df laR5fpg] u2f cflb .
!(= lgdf{0f ;fdu|L -wft'sf] afx]s_ wft'af6 gag]sf] ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu alnof kfOkx?, af6f]sf]
dfly kf]Tg], 6fFl;g] sfnf] kbfy{, vfN6f] tyf af6f]sf] dfly kf]Tg] cs}{ vfnsf] sfnf] kbfy{, cwft'
j:t'af6 ag]sf otfptf nfg ;lsg] j:t'x?, 7"nf7"nf rf}tf/f tyf ;flnsx?
@)= ;hfj6sf ;fdfgx?, P]gfx?, lrqsf nflu k|md] x?, sf7sf ;fdfgx?, ss{, /Lª a]g, ljs/,
l;+u, x8\8L, vfu, kz'sf] gfs, Xj]n df5fsf] x8\8L, df5f cflbsf] z/L/sf] 5fnf, uxgf agfpg]
wft', df]tLhgs, Pssf] ;f6f] csf]{ j:t'x? Knfli6s / o;af6 ag]sf j:t'x?
@!= 3/af/ tyf efG5f3/sf efF8fs'8F fx? sG6]g/x?, sfOFof], :kGhx?, a|;x? -/+Uofpg] a|; xf]Og_
a|; agfpg] ;fdu|Lx?, ;kmfOsf ;fdfgx?, l:6n pmg, sfd nfUg] cyjf gnfUg] Unf; -l;;f_
Unf;j]o/, kl;{n]g / cy{j]o/x? .

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 @@= 8f]/L tyf /:;Lx?, Ohf/sf 8f]/fx?, hfnfx?, 6]G6x?, ;'tnLx?, uf8Lsf] ;fdfg 5]Sg]
lqkfnx?, gf}sfsf ;fdfgx?, af]/f tyf emf]nfx?, /a/ tyf Knfli6saf6 ag]sf cfsf/ j[l4
ug]{ / bfu x6fpg] j:t'x?, ;l6{ª, ;'l6ªsf nflu sRrf kbfy{x? .
@#= sk8f pBf]usf nflu rflxg] wfuf] tyf afSnf ;'tfx? .
@$= sk8f pBf]u tyf o;nfO{ rflxg] ;fdu|Lx?, cf]5\ofpg] tyf 6]ansf se/ tyf tGgfx? .
@%= n'ufkmf6f, rKkn, 6f]kL tyf Xof6x? .
@^= n]; tyf sk8fdf gSsf;L ug]{ ;fdu|L, l/jg tyf r'N7f afFWg] wfufx?, 6fFsx?, c8\sfpg]
x's / cfFvfx?, lkg tyf l;of] s[ltd km"nx? .
@&= sfk]{6, 3':;f, r6fO{, e'FOdf cf]5\ofpg] se/ tyf tGgfx?, leQfdf em'08\ofpg] s'f/x? .
@*= v]n tyf v]ns"bsf ;fdfgx?, lhDGofli6s tyf zf/Ll/s :jf:Yosf nflu ;fdu|Lx?, o;};Fu
o:t} vfn] j:t'x?, lqm;d;sf] ?v ;hfpg] j:t'x? .
@(= df;', df5f, s'v'/f tyf v]n, df;'sf] lsdf, ;+/lIft ;'s'6L, ksfPsf kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/L,
h]nL, hfd, lrgLdf ksfPsf vfB kbfy{x?, c08f, b"waf6 ag]sf kbfy{x?, vfgnfos t]n
tyf af];f]x? .
#)= skmL, lrof, sf]sf, lrgL, rfdn, g;fn' kbfy{x?, s[lqd slkm, cfF6f tyf tof/L j:t'x?,
;]/n] s
] , /f]6L, kfp/f]6L, rsn]6 tyf s'lshx?, j/km, cfO;lqmd, dx, klg/, lrh, la:s'6x?,
kfp8/, g'g, tf]/L, cb'jf, clhgf]df]6f], ;;]hx?, d;nf cflb .
#!= s[lif, kz'kfng, jGohGo pTkfbg tyf cGgkftx?, ;hLj hgfj/x?, tfhf kmnkm"n tyf ;fu,
;AhLx?, aLpm aLhgx?, k|fs[lts af]6lj?jf tyf km"nx?, ufO{j:t'sf nflu vfg]s/' fx?, /S;L
agfpg] drf[ .
#@= ljo/, hfF8, 5\ofª, g;fn' kfgL / cGo ;fwf/0f kfgL, kmnkm"nsf] k]okbfy{ / h';, ;j{t, l;/k
/ k]o kbfy{ agfpgsf nflu cfjZos ;fdu|Lx?
##= dfbs k]o kbfy{ -ljo/ jfx]s_
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

#$= ;'tL{, w"d|kfgsf dfWod, ;nfO{sf a§fx?

;]jfx?
#%= lj1fkg, Jofkf/ Joj:yfkg, Jofkfl/s k|zf;g, sfof{no ;~rfng
#^= ladf, ljQLo sf/f]af/, df}lb|s sf/f]af/, 3/ 38]/Lsf] sf/f]af/
#&= ejg lgdf{0f, dd{t, ls:tfaGbL;DaGwL ;]jfx?
#*= ;+rf/ tyf b"/;+rf/ sfo{qmd
#(= oftfoft, ;fdfg KoflsË tyf e08f/0f ug]{, ofqf k|aGw

#)
$)= ;fdu|Lsf] a'l4dfgLk"j{s k|of]u
$!= lzIff, tflnd pknAw u/fpg], dgf]/~hg, v]n tyf ;f+:s[lts lqmofsnfkx?
$@= j}1flgs tyf k|fljlws ;]jf tyf To; ;DaGwL cg';Gwfgg / 9fFrf cf}Bf]lus ljZn]if0f / zf]w
;]jf÷sfo{, sDKo'6/ xf8{j]o/ / ;km\6j]o/sf] l8hfOg tyf ljsf;, sfg'gL ;]jf
$#= vfgf tyf k]o kbfy{ pknAw u/fpg] ;]jf, c:yfoL a;f]af;sf] Joj:yf
$$= :jf:Yo ;]jf, kz' lrlsT;f ;]jf, dfgj tyf kz'sf nflu :jf:Yo tyf ;f}Gbo{, x]/rfx, s[lif,
kz'kfng / jGohGo ;]jf
$%= JolQmut tyf ;dflhs ;]jf, JolQmsf] cfjZostf, ;'/Iff, cflbaf6 clek|]l/t eP/ JolQm tyf
;DklQsf] /Iff .

hgj/L @))^ df &# j6f b]zn] pQm gfO; ;Demf}tfdf ;dfj]z eP . oL b]zx?n] lrGx btf{sf] k|of]hgsf
nflu gfO; ;Demf}tfnfO{ cjnDag tyf cfTd;ft u/]sf 5g\ .

b|i6JoM cem a9L gjLg hfgsf/L rflxPdf lgDg j]e;fO6x? x]g'{xf]nfM

Urls: www.wipo.int/classification/fulltext/nice8/enmain.htm./www.wipo.int/Madrid/en/contact.htm/

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cNh]l/of -P_ x+u]/L -P P08 kL_
PG6Lu'cf P08 af/a'8f -kL_ cfO;Nof08 -kL_
c/d]lgof -P P08 kL_ O/fg -O;nflds l/klAns ckm_ -P P08 kL_
ci6«]lnof -kL_ cfo/Nof08 -kL_
cli6«of -P P08 kL_ O6nL -P P08 kL_
ch/j}hfg -P_ hfkfg -kL_
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j]n/; -P P08 kL_ s]lgof -P P08 kL_
a]lNhod -P P08 kL_ lslu{h:tfg -P_
e'6fg -P P08 kL_ nf6\leof -P P08 kL_
af]l:gof P08 xh{uf]legf -P_ n];f]yf] -P P08 kL_
a'Nu]l/of -P P08 kL_ nfOj]l/of -P_
rLg -P P08 kL_ lnr]6]G6Log -P P08 kL_
qmf]Pl;of -P_ lny'lgof -kL_
So'jf -P P08 kL_ nSh]Dau{ -P P08 kL_
;fOk|; -P P08 kL_ df]gfsf] -P P08 kL_
r]s l/klAns -P P08 kL_ d+uf]lnof -P P08 kL_
w w w . w i p o . i n t / s m e /

8]df]qm]l6s lkk'N; l/klAns ckm sf]l/of -P P08 kL_ df]G6]g]u|f] -P P08 kL_
8]gdfs{ -kL_ df]/Ssf] -P P08 kL_
OlhK6 -P_ df]hflDas -P P08 kL_
Oi6f]lgof -kL_ gfldljof -P P08 kL_
o'/f]lkog ;d'bfo -kL_ g]b/Nof08; -P P08 kL_
lkmGNof08 -kL_ gj]{ -kL_
k|mfG; -P P08 kL_ kf]Nof08 -P P08 kL_
hlh{of -kL_ kf]r'{un -P P08 kL_
hd{gL -P P08 kL_ l/klAns ckm sf]l/of -kL_
#@
l/klAns ckm df]N8f]ef -P P08 kL_ l:j6\h/Nof08 -P P08 kL_
/f]dflgof -P P08 kL_ l;l/og c/a l/klAns -P P08 kL_
/l;og km]8\/];g -P P08 kL_ 6fhls:tfg -P_
;fgdfl/gf] -P_ b km/d/ o'uf]:nfleof l/klAns ckm d;]8f]lgof -P P08 kL_
;lj{of -P P08 kL_ 6'sL{ -kL_
l;o/fnf]g -P P08 kL_ 6'ls{d]lg:tfg -kL_
l;+ufk'/ -kL_ o'qm]g -P P08 kL_
:nf]eflsof -P P08 kL_ o'gfO6]8 lsË8d -kL_
:nf]e]lgof -P P08 kL_ o'gfO6]8 :6]6;\ cfkm cd]l/sf -kL_
:k]g -P P08 kL_ pHj]ls:tfg -P_
;'8fg -P_ leotgfd -P_
l:j6\h/Nof08 -P P08 kL_ hflDaof -kL_
l:j8g -kL_

-P_ ;Demf}tfdf kf6L{ -b]z_ x?sf] gfd pNn]v ug]{

-kL_ ;lGw kqdf kf6L{ -b]z_ x?sf] gfd pNn]v ug]{

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x'g] 5}g . logLx?n] pQm ;+:yfx?nfO{ JolQmut z'Ns
tyf kl/k"/s z'Ns a'emfpg ;Sg]5g\ .

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URL: www.wipo.int/madrid/en/members/
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ljZj af}l4s ;DklQ ;+u7g (World Intellectual Property Organization)
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P.O. Box 18
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland

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Suite 2525 P.O. Box 18
New York, N.Y. 10017 CH-1211Geneva 20
United States of America Switzerland

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www.wipo.int/ebookshop
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d] @))^ ISBN 92-805-1152-x