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k|jL0ftf k|df0fkq txdf egf{ glng]
eg]/ lbPsf] cleJolStk|lt ljleGg
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5g\ . k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{non]
P;Pn;L k/LIffsf] glthf k|sflzt
u/sf] a]nf lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf]
k|df0fkq txdf egf{ glng] cleJolSt
hgftfsf 5f]/f 5f]/LnfO{ pRr lzIff
lngaf6 al~rt u/fpg] if8\oGq
ePsf] eGb} ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿n]
cfklQ hgfPsf x'g,\ cfklQ hgfPsf
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s]Gb|Lo sfof{no afuahf/df a;]sf]
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k];
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jif{ ljBfyL{ ;+u7g / g]kfn ;/sf/
lzIff dGqfnoaLr ePsf] k|df0fkq
txsf] ljsNk tof/ ug{] eGg] ;xdlt
jg sfof{nos} ;+nUgtfdf jg km8fgL
O6x/L . ;' g ;/L lhNnfsf]
rf/sf];] hËn If]qsf ;fd'bflos jg
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5 . ;8seGbf leqL efudf /x]sf
rf/sf];] hËn If]qsf ;fd'bflos
jgx¿df lhNnf jg sfof{ n o
;'g;/Ln] sf];L af9L kLl8tsf nflu
ljt/0f ug{e' Gb} 7"nf] kl/df0fdf To:tf
ax'd"No ?vx¿ s6fg u/]sf] km]nf
k/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;ef k|fs[lts ;|ft] ,
;fwg ;ldltn] klg /fhgLlts bn,
lhNnf jg sfof{no / s]xL ;fd'bflos
jgsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ ;d] t sf]
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l/rfh{ sf8{sf] Jofks sfnf] ahf/L
tfKn]hª' . b'O{ ;o ¿k}ofFsf] l/rfh{
sf8{sf] d"No slt knf{ < b'O{ ;o kfFr
jf w]/} k/] b'O{ ;o bz ¿k}ofF . t/
lhNnfsf] k]bfª, e~Hofª, y'Da]lbg
cfDa]ul' bg, d]xn] ] h:tf ufpF ljsf;
;ldltdf eg] l/rfh{ sf8{sf] d"No b'O{
;o rfnL; ¿k}ofF;Dd ltg{ k5{ ;:tf]
eg]sf] b'O{ ;o #) ¿k}ofF xf] . t/ !)
¿k}ofF ;:tf]df kfpg laq]mtfsf] cfkmGt
x'g klg h?/L 5 . of]eGbf ;:tf]df
l/rfh{ ug{ kfOG5 eGg] s'/fsf]
hfgsf/L oxf‘sf clwsf+z dflg;nfO{
5} g .Ú ;b/d' s fd uPsf a] n f
lzIfsx¿ jf c? hfGg] a'‰g]n] NofpFbf
ljsNk glbO k|df0fkq tx s'g} klg xfntdf x6fpg lb“b}gf}+
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jif{ b ] l v k| f ljlwsafx] s cGo
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x6fpF b } 5 , o;aLrdf
tkfO{ + x ¿ s;/L cufl8
a9\ g ' x ' G 5 <
pko'Qm ljsNklagf k|df0fkq tx
gx6fpg] ljifodf ut jif{ lqe'jg
ljZjljBfno / xfd|f] ;++u7gaLr
;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . ljsNk glbO{
lqe'jg ljZjljBfnon] k|df0fkq tx
s'g} klg xfntdf x6fpg' x'Fb}g .
hah{ : tL ¿kdf lqe' j g
ljZjljBfnon] k|df0fkq tx x6\of],
x6fof] eg] xfd|f] ;+u7g ;+3if{sf]
sfo{qmddfk{mt\ ljBfyL{sf] k9\g kfpg]
clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]t{ k{m nfU5 .
;j{;'ne 9Ën] g]kfnL hgtfsf
5f]/f5f]/Ln] k9\g kfpg] jftfj/0f
tof/ ug{ xfd|f] ;+u7g sl6a4 9Ën]
@)^& ;fn c;f/ @) ut] cfOtaf/ (July 4, 2010)
sfof{Gjog geO;s]sf] cj:yfdf
k|df0fkq txdf / sIff !! lnFOb}
cfPsf] egf{ vf]Ng cfu|x u/]sf 5g\
;fy} !# ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] ;+oS' t
a}7sn] k|wfgdGqLn] /fhLgfdf lbPsf]
jt{dfg cj:yfnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb}
zflGt / ;+l+ jwfgsf] Uof/]06Lsf] nflu
;xdltsf] /fli6«o ;+o'St ;/sf/sf]
lgdf0f{ ug{ ;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{
cfu|x ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . !# ljBfyL{
;+u7gsf] a}7skl5 ;+oQ ' m ljBfyL{
;+u7gsf] tkm{af6 clvn -qmflGtsf/L
cWoIf n]vgfy Gof}kfg]n] hf/L u/]sf]
;+oS' t k];
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ldlt @)^& c;f/ !* ut] !#
ljBfyL{ ;+ u 7gsf] ;+ o ' Q m a} 7 s
cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] s]Gb|Lo
sfof{no afuahf/df a:of] . a}7sn]
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lbPsf 5g\ .
sf] ; L af9LkLl8t If] q sf
:yfgLojf;LnfO{ ;/sf/n] dWoklZrdL
g]kfnsf] hËnaf6 cfjZos sf7
cfoft ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] eP klg
lhNnf jg cfkm} F n ] ;' g ;/Lsf
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kq g} sf6]/ ?v s6fgsf] cfb]z
lbPsf] :jod\ ;fd'bflos jgsf
kbflwsf/Lx¿n] :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .
hËnsf] ;+/If0f / /]vb]vsf] lhDd]jf/L
lnPsf] ;/sf/sf] lgsfoaf6} hËn
km8fgLsf nflu ;fd'bflos jgsf
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klg Tolt g} xf] eG5g\, xfdL t afWo
eP/ lsG5f}ÚF :yfgLo ledf ld>n]
elgg\ . pgsf cg' ; f/ oxfF s f
pkef]Stfn] sltko cj:yfdf 7Ls
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afWotf /x]sf] 5 . xfdL ufpFsf
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klg lsGg afWo 5f}ÚF pgn] ylkg\ .
slxn]sxLF t b'O{ ;osf] l/rfh{ sf8{
rf/ ;odf lsGg] u/] s f] ledf
atfpFl5g\ . lhNnf x'nfs sfof{noåf/f
lhNnfsf] k]bfª uflj;df ;~rfng
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nfUg]5 .
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ljsNkrflxF s] xf] <
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/fdbLk cfrfo{
pkfWoIf– clvn qmflGtsf/L
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;/sf/ agfpg] r6f/f]df /fhgLlts
bnx¿ nfu] s f 5g\ . casf]
;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j dfcf]jfbLsf kf]N6fdf
k'u]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;a}eGbf
7" n f] bn ePsf] cfwf/df klg
;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj cfk"mn] kfpg'kg]{
bfaL dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] 5 . ljutsf]
;/sf/n] zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf]
k| l qmofnfO{ lgisif{ d f k' ¥ ofpg
g;s]sf]n] ca aGg] ;/sf/n] Tof]
k|lqmofnfO{ lgisif{df k'¥ofpg ;Sg'kg]{
hfgsf/x¿ atfpF5g\ . To;sf] nflu
dfcf]jfbLs} g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ u7g
x'gk' g]{ ;d]t pgLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .
;+ l jwfg;ef, /fHosf]
k'g;{/+ rgfnufotsf d'2f dfcf]jfbLs}
ePsfn] tL ;Dk"0f{ d'2fsf] lgsf; klg
dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjdf dfq ;Dej x'g]
b]lvG5 . nfdf] ;dob]lv /fli6«o
;/sf/sf] s'/f p7] klg Jojxf/df
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g]t[Tj lng ;fgf bnsf] cfu|x
sf7df8f}F . ;+ljwfg;efdf 7"nf]
bnsf] x} l ;otn] PsLs[ t
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ /fli6«o ;xdlt ;/sf/
g]tT[ j ug{ ;fgf bnn] ;'emfj lbPsf
5g\ . dfcf] j fbL g] t [ T jlagfsf]
;/sf/n] zflGt ;+ljwfg agfpg
g;Sg] eGb} pgLx¿n] o:tf] ;'emfj
lbPsf x' g \ . dfcf] j fbLn]
l;+ x b/af/l:yt ;+ ; bLo bn
sfof{nodf z'qmaf/ 8fs]sf] a}7sdf
!! bnn] o:tf] ;'emfj lbPsf x'g\ .
…;+ljwfg agfpg / zflGtk|lqmofnfO{
lgisif{ d f k' ¥ ofpg 7" n f] bnsf]
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;xdltsf] ;/sf/ agfpg ;a} bnsf
If]Kof:q ;fKtflxs
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www. chhepyastraweekly.wordpress.com
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ls /fHon] bz hf]8 b'O{df kfFrhgf
lzIfsx¿sf] b/aGbL ;' l glZrt
ug'k{ 5{ . Pp6f lhNnfdf Pp6f ;fOG;
k9\g] bz hf]8 b'Os { f] Joj:yf /fHon]
clgjfo{ ug'{k5{ . ;Dk"0f{ ;/sf/L
dfWolds ljBfnonfO{ bz hf]8 b'O{
agfpg'k5{ . o;/L /fHo cufl8 a9\g]
xf] eg] k|df0fkq tx x6fpFbf x'G5 .
o:tf] Joj:yf gu/L /fHon] k|df0fkq
tx x6fpg' 7"nf] e"n x'g]5 .
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ljZjljBfnosf] lg0f{ o k| l t
cGo ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] wf/0ff
s:tf] kfpg' e Psf] 5 <
pko'Qm ljsNklagf k|df0fkq tx
x6fpg x'Gg eGg] ljifodf ;a}
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-afF s L & k] h df_
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cj;/nfO{ eg] /fhgLlts bnx¿n]
cTolws¿kdf pkof]u ub}{ /fli6«o
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5 . zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] g]t[Tjstf{
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x'g'sf] gftfn] ;d]t dfcf]jfbLnfO{
g]tfn] eGof},F Ú r'/e
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dxf;lrj e"ld/fh lg/f}nfn] eg] .
hgtf bnsf cWoIf xl/r/g ;fxn]
klg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;/sf/ aflx/
/fv]/ ;+ljwfg klg gaGg] ePsfn]
klg dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/
agfpg bnx¿n] cfu|x u/]sf] atfP .
pkfWoIf afa' / fd e§/fO{ n ] klg
bnx¿n] dfcf]jfbLs} g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/
agfpg cfu|x u/]sf] bfaL u/] . ;fgf
bnn] cWoIf bfxfnn] zflGt /
;+ljwfg agfpg ;xdlt h'6fpgsf
nflu c;fWo} lrGtf JoSt u/]sf]
atfP . …zflGt / ;+ljwfg agfpgsf
nflu xfdL c;fWo} lrlGtt 5f}F . 7"nf]
zflGt / ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{ cj;/
jl/i7 /fhgLlts ljZn] i fs
l;s]nfnsf] zAbnfO{ ;fk6L lnP/eGbf
…afn'jf6f/df cfuf] nfu]/ cfkm}FnfO{
kf] N g nfu] k l5 xtf/–xtf/df
k| w fgdGqL dfwjs' d f/ g] k fnn]
/fhLgfdf lbP . /fhLgfdfkl5 bnsf
g]tfx¿sf ;fd' /fli6«o ;xdltsf]
;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{ Pp6f cj;/
If]Kof:q ax;
lji0f' kGt
k|fKt ePsf] 5 . ljutsf] tLtf]
cg'ejaf6 lg/fz ePsf hgtfx¿
km]l/ Ps k6s g]tfx¿sf] a'l4 lkmnf{
ls eGg] ck]Iff u/]sf 5g\ . t/,
/fhLgfdfkl5sf] laxfgLnfO{ x]g{] xf] eg]
km]l/ klg ;xdlt x'g] ;DefjgfnfO{
sfo{¿k lbg w]/} Tofu ug'k{ g]{ l:ylt
g]t[Tj ug]{ xs /x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o
;xdltsf] ;/sf/lagf zflGt /
;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofn] lgsf;
gkfpg] eGb} dfcf]jfbLsf] o;cl3
a;]sf] kf]ln6Ao'/f] a}7sn] cfˆg}
g]t[Tjdf /fli6«o ;/sf/ u7g ug]{
To:tf] ;Dej geP k|ltkIfdf /xg]
atfO;s]sf] 5 . k|ltkIfdf a;]/
hgtfsf ofjt\ d'2fx¿nfO{ hf]8tf]8n]
p7fpg];d]t dfcf]jfbLn] hgfPsf] 5 .
p;n] ca aGg] cfˆgf] g]t[Tjsf]
;/sf/n] ;dod} ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff ug]{
atfPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] ;xdltsf]
;/sf/ u7gsf] nflu cGo bn;Fusf]
5nkmn k|lqmofnfO{ tLj|tf lbPsf] 5 .
/fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7g
x'g g;s] d'n'sn] zflGt / ;+ljwfg
k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] ;fgf bnx¿n]
atfpFb} cfP klg sfFu|];, Pdfn]
;xdtLo ;/sf/eGbf Hofbf ax'dtLo
;/sf/ u7gsf] k|lqmofdf nfu]sf]
b] l vG5 . sfF u | ] ; leq b] l vPsf]
bnsf] x}l;otn] a9L bfloTj xfd|f]
5 .Ú ;]gf ;dfof]hgnufot ljifodf
cf–cfˆgf] kf6L{ d f 5nkmn u/L
ljsNk;lxt /rgfTds ;'emfj lbg
cWoIf bfxfnn] cfu|x u/]sf lyP .
;fgf bnn] ;8s agfpg]nufot
ljsf; lgdf{0fdf nufpg] ljsf;
aflxgL agfpg ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .
7]s]bf/L k|yfaf6 sfd u/fpFbf /fd|f
sfd gePsf], ;]gfdf ;dfof]hg ubf{
kbsf] lsrnf] x'g] x'gfn] aflxgL
u7gsf] ;' e mfj lbPsf x' g \ .Ú
;' b " / klZrdb] l v ;' b " / k" j { ; Dd
ljsf;sf sfddf nufpg ljsf;
aflxgL u7g ug{ xfdLn] ;'emfj lbof},F Ú,
…s]xL bnn] kf6L{df 5nkmn u/]/
cfpg] atfP . laxLaf/ :yfoL ;ldlt
a}7sn] cWoIf bfxfnsf] g]t[Tjdf
/fli6«o ;xdlt ;/sf/ agfpg] /
o;sf nflu bnx¿;Fu 5nkmn ug{
bfxfnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf pkfWoIfåo
-afF s L & k] h df_
5 . clxn] klg Pp6f blIf0fkGyL
dgf] l j1fg ;+ : yfut / xfdLsf]df xfjL x'Fb} 5 . lj:tf/}
of]hgfa4¿kd} km]l/ ax'dtLo v]ndf
nfUg] bf}8w"kdf ePh:tf] b]lvFb}5 .
pgLx¿sf] ceLi6 g} /fli6«o ;xdlt
x'g glbg] / b]znfO{ aaf{lbtkm{ n}hfg]
s'lT;t dg;fo ePh:tf] b]lvFb}5 .
t/, of] of]hgfnfO{ k|xf/ ub}{ ;xdltsf]
kIfdf cfˆgf kfOnfx¿ cufl8
a9fpg h?/L 5 . ;xdlt jf:tljs
/ :jefljs x'gk' 5{– To;sf] Pp6}
dfq cfwf/ 5, Tof] xf], ;+ljwfg;efsf]
cfsf/ / x}l;otcg';f/sf] ;/sf/ .
dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ aGbf
xLgtfaf]w ug]{ ;xdlt aGbf k/fhosf]
k|wfgdGqL aGg] xf]8afhLn] ;d]t
o;sf] k'li6 ub{5 . To:t} Pdfn]leq
klg k|:6 b'O{wf/ b]vfk/]sf] 5 .
;+:yfkg kIfn] /fli6«o ;xdlt u/]/
cufl8 a9\gk' g]{ atfPsf] 5 eg] csf]{
kIfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ s'g} klg xfntdf
;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ug{ lbg gx'g] eGb}
sfFu|];nfO{ ;fy lbg] s'/f ul//x]sf]
5 . d'ns ' sf] k|dv' If]qdf cGo bnsf]
k| l tlglwTj /x] s fn] k| w fgdGqL
dfcf]jfbLsf] tkm{af6 eP ;xdltsf]
;/sf/ u7g x'g ;Sg] gful/s
;dfhsf cu'jfx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .
;+ljwfg;efsf] cWoIf Pdfn], /fi6«klt
sfFu|];sf] ePsfn] klg k|wfgdGqL
dfcf]jfbLn] kfpg'kg]{ pgLx¿sf] ts{
/x]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tjdf
;/sf/ u7g x'g g;s] zflGt /
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gkfpg];d]t pgLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .
;+ l jwfg;ef lgjf{ r gdf k| f Kt
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Pdfn] cfqmd0f
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sfo{ s tf{ x ¿n] PsLs[ t g] s kf
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s'6lk6 u/]sf 5g\ . l9nf]u/L k|fKt
hfgsf/Lcg';f/ !# ut] /ftL Pdfn]
sfo{stf{x¿ $) jifL{o z]/l;x+ P]/L,
b]jl;x+ P]/L / uhaxfb'/ P]/Ln]
j}t8L * jf;'lnª 8'ª/Lsf dfcf]jfbL
sfo{stf{ tf/fl;x+ P]/LnfO{ s'6lk6
u/]sf x'g\ . k;n Jofj;fo u/L
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l9n} eP klg ca b]zdf lj:t[t lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] cFufn]sf]
zflGt;Demf}tfcg'¿ksf] ;+ljwfg
n]vgsf] sfd x'g] / d'n'sel/ zflGt :jtGq ljrf/ zflGt;Demf}tf / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fnfO{
;kmn ug]{ / ;+ljwfg agfpg] sfd
cfpg] hgtfx¿n] ck]Iff u/]sf 5g\ . ca Ps dfq lhDd]jf/ JolQm P=
/fli6«o ;xdlt ;/sf/ u7gdf ca w|'jnfn >]i7 g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] g]tf tyf cWoIf
P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] 7"nf] bnsf] ljs] l Gb| t /fhgLlt x'g5 ] . k|r08sf] sfFwdf /x]sf] s'/f pxfFn]
x}l;otdf ;/sf/ u7gdf ;lqmotf / f H o P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx¿n] e'Ng' x'Gg . of] x]Ssf pxfFdf ;b}j
a9fO{ ;a} ;fgf / 7"nf bnx¿sf] Joj:yf clxn]sf] r'gf}tLnfO{ ;fgf bn / b'O{ x'g'kb{5 . /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/
;xdltdf ;/sf/ u7g u/L cl3 gePsf] k//fi6«df b]lvPsf] eL8n] 7"nf bnnufot dw];jfbL bnx¿sf] u7g ePkl5 pxfFn] k|To]s uflj;
jif{ #, c+s $$, c;f/ @) ut] cfOtaf/ @)^& a9\gs ' f] csf]{ ljsNk g/x]sf] b]lvG5 . atfpg] u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/ u7g ;d:ofnfO{ ljrf/ u/L ;a}nfO{ ;d]6/] tx;Dd cfˆgf] kx' F r /fvL
g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] gf} dlxg] sfndf x'gf;fy o;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7gtkm{ hgtfx¿sf] ;'vb'Mvdf ;fy lbP/
u/]sf uNtLx¿nfO{ ;lDemFb}, ca b]lvG5 . xfn hgtfn] #) xhf/b]lv nfUg'kg]{ x'G5 . sfd ubf{ sltko lxF8\g' hfGg' h?/L 5 . …hgtf g}
;DkfbsLo To:tf] uNtL bf] x f] l /g glbg] / $) xhf/;Dd vr{ ul//x]sf xfdLn] s'/fx¿ ;xg' klg kb{5 . oL ;a} zlQms]Gb| xf]Ú eGg] s'/fnfO{ xfdLn]
/fHo;~rfngdf ;Dk" 0 f{ ;' / Iff ;'g]sf 5f}F . o:tf] x'g glbg gofF s'/fx¿nfO{ dgg ub}{ hfg'df g} ;a}sf] ;DemfO/fVg'kg]{ s'/f klg xf]Og .
;+oQ
' m /fli6«o ;/sf/ agfpm lgsfonfO{ ljZjf;df lnP/ lxF8g\ s
csf] { ljsNk g/x] s f] s' / fnfO{
' f] ;/sf/ ;dod} ;r]t /xg'k5{ . 7"nf]
bnsf] x}l;otdf /x]sf] P= g]skf
enf] x' g ] s' / f e' N g' x' G g eGg]
cfddfGotf /x] s f] 5 . To:t}
To;sf/0f of] s'/fnfO{ ;b}j dgg
ug'd{ f g} dfcf]jfbLsf] eljio pHHjn
ljut Ps jif{bl] v /fli6«o :jfwLgtf / gful/s ;jf]R{ rtfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] x]Ssf /fVg'df g} /fd|f] x'g] dfcf] j fbLn] @)^&.@.!$ ut] cGt/f{li6«o hut\x¿nfO{ klg ;xdlt x'g] s'/fdf b'O{dt x'Fb}g . ;'vzon,
aGws agfpFb} cfPsf] ;/sf/ cGttM hgbafasf sf/0fn] ;'emfj ;j{q 5 . o; cltl/Qm dWo/ftdf u/] s f] tLg bnLo - / ljZjf;df lnP/ lxF8g] d ' f g} /fli6«o cdgrogdf e'Ng' x'Gg eGg] x]Ssf
aflxl/Psf] 5 . nf]stGqdf hgdtsf] lvNnL p8fpFb} jif{ lbg;Dd lghfdlt sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ klg ;fydf ;xdltkqsf] klxnf] a'Fbfdf pNn]v ;xdltsf] ;/sf/sf] d'Vo bfloTj klg x'g' h?/L 5 . g]kfn eP xfdL g]kfnL
b]zL, ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] cf8df /fh ul//x]sf] ;/sf/n] lnP/, hg;Dks{ a9L x' g ] ePsf] zflGtk| l qmofnfO{ ;fy{ s x'G5 . …lue P08 6]sÚ sf] /fhgLltnfO{ x'G5f}F / g]kfnL eP g]kfn clw/fHosf]
Gofo, ;'zf;g, zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] r/d\ lvNnL p8fof] . zflGt, sfof{nox¿df lgu/fgLsf] klg plQs} lgisif{df k'¥ofpg] / o; ;DaGwdf cFufNb} gofF g]kfnsf] kl/sNkgfnfO{ ;Ddflgt :yfgdf k'Ug ;S5 eGg]
cfjZos /x]sf]n] hgtfx¿n] b'Mv afF s L sfdx¿ cljnDa qmdzM cfTd;ft ub}{ hfg'sf] ljsNk klg s'/f] dgg\ ub}{ cl3 a9\g ;a} g]tf
;+ljwfg / k|fKt nf]stGqnfO{ s'l07t agfpg] sfo{ u¥of] . hgtfn] v]Kg' gkg]{ u/L ;a} ;'ne tl/sfn] ;Dkfbg ub}{ n}hfg] / gofF ;+ljwfg 5}g . ca u7g x'g] ;/sf/n] s;}nfO{ tyf sfo{stf{x¿ a'‰g' cfjZos 5 .
tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;+ljwfg kfpg ;s]gg\, ;/sf/df ;dfj]z cfdhgtfx¿sf] sfd x' g ] u/L lgdf{0fsf] P]ltxfl;s lhDd]jf/L k"/f bf]if lbg'eGbf cfk"mn] s] ug'5{ / s;/L x]/f}F, b]z xfFSg] lhDdf kfPsf g]tf /
bnx¿ bf]if hlt k|ltkIfLnfO{ nufpFb} cfk"mx¿ kfgL dflysf] lghfdlt sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cufl8 ug{ ;xdlt / ;xsfo{sf ;fy cl3 b]zdf cdgrog sfod ug],{ b]zsf] casf] /fhgLltn] b] z nfO{ sxfF
cf]efgf] aGg vf]h] . cfˆgf] bnut / JolQmut :jfy{nfO{ k|fyldstf xfFs/] n}hfg'kg]{ r'gf}tL k"0f{ bfloTj a9fpFb} n}hfg'kg]{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfdx¿ gful/ssf] x}l;otn] Ps 7fpFaf6 k'¥ofpg] xf] < ;fgf bn / g]kfnL sfFu; ]|
lbFb} ;Qf;Lg bnx¿ clgoldttf, e|i6frf/ / sld;gtGqdf klg gofF ;/sf/sf] sfFwdf ylkg klg P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLdf ylkPsf] csf]{ 7fpF hfFbf 9'Ss eP/ hfg ;Sg] / Pdfn]n] P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf]
lnKt eP/ nfu] . hgtfsf] b}lgsLsf] s'g} jf:tf ePg . htftt} uPsf] 5, ;xdltsf] /fli6«o ;/sf/n] s'/fnfO{ g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿n] e'Ng' jftfj/0fsf] l;h{gf ug'{df g} casf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ u7gdf ;xof]u u/L
cGofo, cTofrf/, dxFufO, e|i6frf/, xTof / ckx/0fsf] z[Înf xfn} ug'{kg]{ d'Vo sfd hgtfsf] x'Fb}g . oL r'gf}tLk"0f{ sfdx¿ ub}{ ;/sf/sf] d'Vo r'gf}tL /x]sf] 5 . b]znfO{ cl3 a9fpg] sfo{df ;xof]u
rnL g} /Xof] . Ps lx;fan] eGg] xf] eg] b]zL, ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbL b}lgsnfO{ ;/n / ;xhtf x'Fb} xfn n}hfg'df g} P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] o; cltl/Qm åGå Joj:yfkg, ;]gf / ug'{df g} ;a}sf] ;kmntf x'g] 5 .
b]lvPsf] k//fi6« dGqfnosf] eL8nfO{ ;kmntf x'g] b]lvG5 . cGoyf cfpFbf] xltof/ Joj:yfkg, g]kfn ;/sf/ / cGoyf of] Ps jif{sf] sfo{sfndf klg
zlQmx¿n] rfx]h:tf] zf;g ug'{ k'Uof], k/flhtx¿sf] e'm08, k'/ftg ;dfKt kfg'{ d'Vo xf] . ;Dk"0f{ b]zsf cfdlgjf{rgdf o;sf] kl/0ffd tLtf] P= g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr b'O{ kIfLo ;+ljwfg n]vg sfo{df / b]zdf zflGt
;f]r / z}nL af]ss ] f ;+;bLo ;f]rsf] ;/sf/ . hgtfn] cf–cfˆgf] lhNnfx¿af6 x'g5 ] . oL / o:tf s'/fx¿ hgtfx¿n] ;xdltåf/f nfu" ul/Psf] cfpg] sfd gxf]nf eGg] a'e]m x'G5 .
h]xf];\ ca s7\kt' nL ;/sf/n] /fhLgfdf lbO;s]sf] 5 . ca kf;kf]6{ kfpg] ;/n / ;x'lnot eGg'eGbf klg d'n'ssf] ;d:ofaf/] o'4lj/fd;DaGwL cfrf/;+lxtf cflbsf] s';L{s} nflu ca ;fgf bn / g]sfF /
b]znfO{ k'gM cu|udgtkm{ n}hfg' b]zsf ;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] pknAw u/fpg' /fli6«o ;xdltsf] P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLdf cjut gePsf] kfng ub}{ ;ft /fhgLlts bn / P= Pdfn] n8L lxF 8 \ g ] 5} g g\ egL
lhDd]jf/l xf] . t;y{, ljutdf cfk"mn] ;Qfdf x'bF f ul/Psf tdfd ;/sf/sf] k|d'v bfloTjleq kb{5 . s'g} s'/f g} 5}g . :jfyL{ sfo{stf{x¿sf] g]skf dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] afx| a'Fb] hgtfx¿ ljZj:t 5g\ . x]/f}F ca
uNtLx¿ hgtf;fd' :jLsf/ ub}{ / cfufdL lbgdf To:tf] uNtL b]zdf s]lGb|s[t /fHo;~rfng gug]{ s'/f]x¿ g;'gL g]tfx¿n] cfdhgtfsf] ;dembf/LnfO{ sfof{Gjog ub}{ P= klg g]tfx¿sf] a'l4 km]l/g] xf] jf xf]Og
gbf]xf]¥ofpg] k|0f ub}{ lgjt{dfg ;Qf;Lg bnx¿ cl3 a9\g} kb{5 . eg]/ g]tfx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] efif0fdf jf:tljs ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg ug]{ g]skf dfcf]jfbL cl3 a9\g'kb{5 . Tof] ;don] g} atfpg]5 .
cfhsf] cfjZostf, ;dosf] dfu / g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfsf] hf]8 lbg] u/]sf] b]lvP tfklg oxfF hfg'df g} P= g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;kmn g] k fnL sfF u | ] ; sf] g] t f :juL{ o -n]vs jl/i7 ;'/Iffljb\ x'gx' G' 5 ._
sb/ ub}{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] hgdtcg';f/ ;a}eGbf
7"nf] bn PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] g]tT[ jdf ;+oQ' m /fli6«o
;/sf/ u7g x'gk' b{5 . of] g} jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+qmd0fsfnsf]
lgsf; xf] eGg] cfdgful/ssf] 7DofO 5 . PsLs[t g]skf
dfcf]jfbLn] klg cfˆgf] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ u7gsf] kxn u/L cGo
s';L{ sksf] lg;fgL
ljhos' d f/ >] i 7 ;ljwfg;efnfO{ jf]8s { ksf] v]n ;lDem sfd eGbf lt g]tf egfpbfx¿n] o'jf dfq # 306fsf] x' G 5 eg] of]
/fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ klg ;+ l jwfg;efsf] lgjf{ r gsf] o'jfx¿sf] Tofu / alnbfngnfO{ s'l;{sksf] d}bfg agfP/ s'l;{sf] rf/ k':tfnfO{ c? lbg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;ljwfgxnsf] d}bfgdf s'l;{sksf] @
kl/0ffdcg';f/ bnx¿sf] x}l;otnfO{ sfod /fVb} ;/sf/df dWo gh/df /fv]/ x]g{] xf] eg] cfh k}ofdf s'l;{sksf] k|bz{g ul/ /x]sf cfk"mx¿ ;f]d/;df r'nD' a 8'a/] ;ef jif{sf] ;do sfod u/]/ klg uf]n
;dfj]z u/fpg'kb{5 . o;af6 g} b]zdf lbuf] zflGt / ;dodf g} dfq} geP/ h+ u nL o' u b] l v 5g\ . clg eGg] u5{g xfd|f] jftf{n] ;df/f]x / ef]h eQ]/df /dfO{ xftdf ug{ g;ssf / ;do cefjsf] sf/0f
;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ;Dej 5 . t;y{, hgdtnfO{ gla;f}+{ . hgdtsf] slno'u;Dddf klg kl/jt{gsf/L clGtd ¿k lnb}5 s]jn ;xdltsf] xft sfwdf sfw ldnfP/ cfGtl/s b]vfpb} km'6an v]ndf b'j} kIfsf]
e'dLsfdf o'jf k|ltefsf] kl/jt{gsf] x:tfIf]/ sf]g{ dfq afFls 5 eg]/ ldngsf] /:jfbg ul/ lx8\g] aflx/ v]n a/fal/ x'g uPsf] v08df !%
kfngf ub}{ ;+oQ' m /fli6«o ;/sf/sf] u7g u/f}F . of] g} b]z hgtf em08f af]Sg] sfo{ Oltxf;nfO{ kN6fP/ lgd'vf g]kfnL o'jfx¿nfO{ cfzfjflb eg] kmnfgfn] ubf{ o:tf] eof] p:tf] ldg]6sf] ;do yk]/ xf/ lhtsf] kmQ]
/ :jod\ /fhgLlts bnx¿;d]tnfO{ kmfObfhgs x'g5 ] . xg]{ xf] eg] o'jf ju{sf] e'ldsf ;/f{lgo bz{ssf] ¿kdf ¿kfGt/0f ug{ l;jfo eof] eg]/ o'jf k':tfnfO{ v]n d}bfgdf u/fO{G5 eg] s'l;{sksf] v]ndf !
ePsf] xfdLn] kfpg]5f} . cfkmgf] b]zdf ePsf s'l;{sksf v]nf8Lx¿n] h'wfP/ v]nsf] aflh cfˆgf] xftdf jif{sf] ;dofjlb ylkPsf] 5 t/ klg
v]ns'b hLjgsf] dxTj / elnansf] ljsf; pHhjn eljiosf] ;d] t k| e fx c? s]lx lbg / ug{ hfg]sf] 5}g kfg{sf] nfuL /ldtf b]vfpg]] sfd clxn];Dd v]nfl8n] eg] lgodsf]
n]Vg dfq hf]8 lbOPsf] kfOG5 . ljsf;sfndf o;nfO{ xft]n] lxsf{P/ gul/sg b]z / hgtfsf] nfuL Tofu eg]/ eGbf s;}sf] b'O{ dt gxf]nf . l;jfo bf] ; | f ] pkfo g] t fx¿sf] kfngfnfO{ Wofg glbO{ lgod lj?4 g}
s] o;f] ug'{ unf xf]Og < k9fOsf v]Ng] lgod eP tfklg cfhef]ln / alnbfg lbg slxn] kl5 x6]gg\ . b]zdf a]/f]huf/sf] ljs/fn ;d:ofn] zAbsf]ifdf Pstf,;xdlt / ;xsfo{ v]nL /x]sf 5g\ . To;} sf/0fn] ubf{
;fy;fy} v]ns'b If]qdf klg nfUg cfkt\sfnLg cj:yfdf v'§fsf] k|of]u b]zdf w]/} k6s kl/jt{gsf] em08f ufh]sf] a]nfdf s]jn cfkmgf] b'gf] h:tf zAbn] :yfg kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . o'jf k':tfnfO{ s'l;{sksf] lg;fgLn]
g;lsg] xf]Og . h'g JolQm v]n u/]/ ljkIfLsf] d}bfglt/ hfnL s6fpg kx/fpg ;kmn eP t/ kl/jt{gsf] ;f]hf] ug{ lt/ dfq sDd/ s;]/ nfu]sf s'l;{sksf] v]ndf nfu]/ b]znfO{ vf]S/f] lk/f]nL /x]sf] 5. ;dosf] ;lx klxrfg
hLjgaf6 6f9f x'G5, Tof] JolQm kl5 ;S5g\ . ;fydf kl/jt{gsf/Lx¿n] rfx] h:tf] 5g s'l;{sksf v]nf8L egpbf g]tf . agfpg lt/ nfu]sf g]tfx¿ cfˆgf] ug{ g;Sg]x¿nfO{ v]n d}bfgdf ptf/]/
uP/ cN5L, 8/kf]s, c:j:y x'gs ' f o; v]nsf] ljsf; ;g\ !*(% df pknAwL kfpg ;kmn x'g ;s]gg\ . xfdL t b]z / hgtfsf] ;]js x' / cfˆgf kl/jf/sf] Hofgsf] ;'/Iff of] b]znfO{ ;ltn] ;/fk]sf] b]z eg]/
;fy} ;fx;L x'g ;Sb}g . xfdLn] ;fg} ljlndhL df] u f{ g n] ;+ o ' Q m /fHo of] b] zdf kl/jt{gsf] kl/ro s]jn eg]/ kmdf{pg kl5 kb}g{ g\ . klbo s;l/ x'G5 elg hf]lvd /lxt agfpg] gfdfªsg ul/Psf] klg ;lx cYofO{
pd]/b]lv k9fOsf ;fy;fy} v]ns'b cd]l/sfsf] xf]nL cf]s ;x/df cfk"m sf] / f sfutdf dfq l;dLt x'g uO{ bfloTjsf] sfo{ef/nfO{ dWo gh/ / ;Dklt s'Dofpg] lt/ nfu]sfn] xf]ls eg]/ eGg} kg]{ nf]stflGqs
If]qdf klg k|ult ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . zf/Ll/s lzIff lgb]{zs (YWCA) /x]sf] 5 . alnbfgL / k'?iffyL{sf] u/]/ sfd ug'{ t stf xf] stf cf hgtfnfO{ kl/jGbsf] kul/ u'yfpgnfO{ zf;gsfnsf] ;ljwfg;efsf] v]n
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ljBfno k9fOsf ePsf a]nfdf u/]sf lyP . df]uf{gsf] klxrfg u/] / zlxbsf] dd{ / cfkmgf] kf6L{ leq wld/f ;Nsfpg slxn] !@ a'w] t slxn] & a'w] d} b fgdf ;xeflutf hgfPsf
;fy;fy} v]Ng] Joj:yf ldnfOlbg'k5{ . p2]Zo 3/leq v]Ng ;lsg] v]nsf] efjgfnfO{ a'em]/ sfd, clwsf/ / lt/ e/ dsb'/ eP/ nfu' k/]sf 5g\ . aGwgsfl/ nufddf clNemfpg l;jfo s' l ;{ s kdf v] n f8Lx¿sf] v] n
v]n v]Ngsf nflu /fd|f] v]ns'b ;fdfg ljsf; ug'{ /x]sf] lyof], h;nfO{ ;Ddfg lbg] s'/fdf b]zdf ePsf] cfk"mn] s'l;{sf] tftf] lng kfP dfq bf];|f] pkfosf] vf]hL ug{ slxn] clw v]nfO{nfO{ x]bf{ gsfg{ ;lsb}g .
/ /fd|f] rf}/sf] Joj:yf ul/lbg'k5{ af:s]6aneGbf ;lhnf] 9Ën] v]Ng /fhgLlts kf6L{ n ] slxn] klg ;xdltsf] vfsf sf]g{] gq eg] /8fsf] a9]gg\ . km'6an v]nsf] ;dofjlw t wflbª, xfn M O/fs
eGg' d"v{tf xf]Og . lsgls ljZjsf ;lsof];\ . o;} kl/k|I] odf af:s]6an k|lta4tfsf] gLltnfO{ cjnDjg ug{ dRrfpg] aflg k/]sf s'l;{sksf
k'm6an v]nsf x:tL k]n] sk8f / / 6]an6]lg;sf lgodx¿nfO{ ldnfP/ hfg]gg\ . g]kfnL hgtfn] cfk"m o'jf v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ /]8 sf8{sf] lg;fgL aGbLx¿sf vfBfGg / gubL aGb
sfuhsf 8NnfnfO{ k'm6an agfP/ elnansf ¿kdf Ps gofF v]nsf] x'g'sf] zlAbs zAbsf] cy{ kfpg agfpg g;s]sf] sf/0fn] g} xfdL o'jf s~rgk'/ . rfn' cfly{s jif{df cg'bfgsf] /sdaf6 aGbLx¿nfO{
ljBfno hfFbf / cfpFbf af6fsf ljsf; u/] . elnan dfgj ;d'bfodf ;s]sf 5}gg\ / cfh cfP/ jiff}{ jif{ k':tfn] cfh o:tf] b'uf{dL c;/sf] aGbLx¿sf nfuL ;fdflhs ;'/Iff vfBfGg, gubL, l;bf / nQfsk8f
dflg;x¿sf aLr gx'jfO{ v]nfpFb} Tolt nf]slk|o x'g ;s]g tfklg v]nsf] nufP/ kfPsf] k|df0f kqnfO{ vf]kfdf kl/;'rs eP/ uGtJo ljlxgsf] cg'bfg cGt{ut 5'6\ofOPsf] /sd lbg] ul/G5 . o; cGt{ut aGbLx¿n]
lxF8\y] . pgL lj:tf/} v]ns'b If]qdf ;/n k|sl[ tn] ubf{ o;sf] nf]slk|otf yGsfP/ cfkmgf] dft[e'dLnfO{ 5f8]/ ofqfnfO{ cËfNg' lzjfo c? pkfP ;lsPkl5 vfBfGg / gubL Ps k| l tlbg $% ¿k} o f, vfBfGgdf
k|jz ] u/L cfh ljZj k|l;4 aGg qmlds¿kn] ljZjsf cGo b]z tyf ljb]zL e'dLdf /dfpg afWo ePsf pAhfpg g;s]sf xf} . b]zsf o'jf dlxgfb] v L lbg 5fl8Psf] 5 . ;ft;o %) u|fd rfdn tyf Ps
k'u] . g]kfnL v]nf8L bLks la:6 / hg;d'bfodf km}lnFb} uof] . ;g\ !(%& nfvf} nfv o'jfk':tfx¿ cfkmgf] k':tf ljb]lzg] qmd c;ªv]dfqdf al8 sf/fuf/sf s}bLx¿nfO{ h]7sf] !% xhf/ tLg;o ¿k}of a/fa/sf] sk8f
/fh] G b| e08f/L h:tf ;fx;L df cGt/f{li6«o elnan ;+3sf] :yfkgf uGtJosf] vf]hLdf k/b]lzg' l;jfo /x]sf] a]nfdf klg b]z agfp5' eg]/ ut]b]vL vfBfGg / gubL l;wf lbg lbOg] ul/Psf] 5 . Ps dlxgfdf
v]nf8Lx¿n] t]SjGbf] / bf}8h:tf x'g k'Uof] . g]kfndf elnan v]nsf] c? ;fdYo{ gePsf] tfTko{ 5nË x'g kl/jt{gsfl/ zAbsf] dfnf le/]/ 5fl8Psf] sf/fuf/n] hgfPsf] 5 . sf/fuf/sf aGbLx¿nfO{ gubL l;bf
v]naf6} cfˆgf] JolQmTj ljsf; u/L k|f/De ;g\ !($@ b]lv ePsf] ljZjf; cfPsf] 5 . b]zdf rnL /x]sf] s'l;{ lx8]sf g]tfx¿sf] 3}6f]df lsg xf]nf Ifdtf eGbf a9L dfqfdf /flvPsf jfkmtsf] Ps nfv eGbf a9L /sd
k|lti7f a9fpg ;kmn eP . elnan ul/G5 / of] >]o lqrGb| sn]hsf sksf] xf] 8 jfhLdf lgd' v f o' j f slxn] klg dWo]gL 3fdsf] k|sf;n] s}bLnfO{ ;d]t cg'bfgaf6 /sd lbg g;lsPsf] n]vfkfn la/jxfb'/
xftn] v]lng] Ps lsl;dsf] ;fd"lxs ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ lbg] ul/G5 . ;g\ !($% k':tfnfO{ km'6jndf ¿kfGt/g u/]/ g;]s]sf] xf]nf . b]z g} l/lTtg] ul/ lbOPkl5 /sd ck'u x'g uPsf] xf] . P]/n] atfpg'eof] . &% hgf Ifdtf
v]n xf] . o; v]ndf b'O{ ;d"xn] v]n kl5 v]nsf] ljsf; sf7df8f}F pkTosf slxn] s;n] v]nfpg] t slxn] s;n] o'jf k':tfsf] aflxl/g] qmdnfO{ /ldt] ;a}nfO{ lbbf /sd ;lsof], To;}n] /x]sf] sf/fuf/df bf]Aa/ /flvPsf
d}bfgsf aLrdf cUnf] ;ft lkm6 aflx/;d]t x'bF } uof] t/ b]zdf v]n v]nfpg] u/L s]jn g]tf egfpbfx¿n] ag] / x] b } { cfkmgf] s' l ;{ s ksf] Psdlxgfb] v L lbg ;s] s f 5} g f} 5g . sf/fuf/df !# hgf dlxnf
P3f/ OGr prfO ePsf] hfnLdf gLlt / ;+:yfsf] cefjn] ubf{ cGo v]nem}F cfˆmgf] kfl/jf/Ls cx]; cf/fdsf] /0f;Ë|ddf nfUg' lzjfo g]tfx¿n] sf/fuf/fsf h]n/ kbd /fh e§n] /x]sf 5g . cGo Ps;o %# k'?ifx¿
es'G8f]nfO{ e'OFdf emg{ glbO{ xftn] o;sf] ljsf; x'g ;s]g . g]kfndf nfuL s'l;{sk lhTg lt/ dfq nfu]/ bf];f| ] ljsNk lgsfNg ;s]gg\ . eGg'eof] . rfn' cfly{s jif{df aGbLsf /x]sf 5g . k|zf;gn] vfBfGg / gubL
xfgL xfjfdf ˆofnL ub}{ ljkIfLsf elnan v]nsf ljsf;df /fli6«o v]ns'b o'jf k':tfsf] eljiodf w'nf] 5l/lbPsf] slxn] Psn] csf{nfO{ bf]if lbg] nfuL ;fdflhs ;' / Iff cg' b fg l;wfsf] nfuL rf/k6s sf/fuf/
d}bfgsf efudf v;fNg] k|of; u/]sf kl/ifb\sf] of]ubfg dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] tYonfO{ 5 . h'g hf]uL cfP klg sfg} lr/]sf] t slxn] cf cfˆmgf] 3/fo;L ljjfbdf cGt{ut #% nfv /sd ljlgof]hg Joj:yfkg ljefunfO{ kqfrf/
x' G 5g\ . v] n sf] k| f /lDes gsfg{ ;lsFbg} . eGg] pvfnnfO{ ;fljt u/fP/ clNemP/ o'jf k':tfnfO{ w'nf] r6fpg] ul/Psf] lyof] . ul/;s]sf] 5 .
@)^& ;fn c;f/ @) ut] cfOtaf/ ˆ3
g]kfnL hgtf dfcf]jfbLsf]
g]t[Tjdf zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
k|lqmof cl3 a9]sf] x]g{ rfxG5g\
xfd|f] d'Vo kxn xfd|f] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ agfpg] x'G5 .
xfdL xfd|f] g]tT[ jdf /fli6«o ;/sf/ aG5 eGg]df ljZj:t 5f}+ .
xfdLnfO{ g]tT[ j ug]{ DofG8]6 hgtfn] lbPsf 5g\ .
oL ;a} ldl8ofdf r'nfOPsf] ljjfb dfq xf] . xfd|f] kf6L{leq
g]tT[ jsf] ljifodf s'g} ljjfb 5}g .
k|r08, ls/0f, afa'/fd jf afbnn] k|wfgdGqLsf] nflu dl/xQ} ug'e { of]
eGg] Tof] c:jefljs x'g hfG5 . ;lxbsf] /utk|lt wf]vf x'G5 .
;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL jif{dfg k'g ‘cgGt’, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o– PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL
) cGttM k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf ;Dej 5}g . hgtfn] k'/fgf kf6L{x¿n] lgdf{ 0 f k| l qmof cufl8 a9fpg] 5g\ lg < o; ljifodf s] ug],{ Jofkf/ 3f6fnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug],{ eGg] ljifodf xfd|f] 5nkmn x'g] u/]sf]
cfof] ;/sf/ u7gsf nflu k'/fg} vfnsf ;+ljwfg agfpnfg\ eg]/ lhDd] j f/L cWoIfdf a9L x' G 5 . eGg'x'G5 < o'jf :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmd ;'rf? ug]{ 5 . kf6L{ k' m 6fpg] , u' 6 –pku' 6
dfcf] j fbL s;/L cufl8 va/bf/L :j¿k xfdLnfO{ rfnL; To;sf/0f cWoIf g} g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/df k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf ;t{;lxt ls;fgx¿nfO{ ;dod} s[lif dn, lapm agfpg]lt/ xfd|f] kf6L{ sbflk nfUb}g .
al9/x]sf] 5 < k|ltzt dt lbPsf x'g\ . g]kfnL hgtf hfFbf /fd|f] x'G5 . xfd|f] kf6L{leq cfPsf] xf]Og . xfdL cGo kf6L{;uF 3'8F f ;'ne d"Nodf pknAw u/fpg] sfd ;Dk"0f{ hgtf;Fu xfd|f] clkn s] xf] eg]
clxn]sf] ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f dfcf]jfbLsf] g]tT[ jdf zflGt / ;+ljwfg cWoIfn] ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ug]{ eGg]df 6]s/] , cfTd;dk{0f u/]/ ;/sf/ agfpg u5f}{+ . s[lif pkhx¿nfO{ ahf/ xfdL k]ml/ klg cWoIfs} g]tT[ jdf qmflGt
ug]{ jftfj/0f agfpg ;Sb}gYof] . of] lgdf{0f k|lqmof cufl8 a9]sf] x]g{ s'g} ljjfb 5}g . aflx/af6 ;~rf/ rfxFbg} f}F . a? xfdL k|ltkIfdf a;]/ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;/sf/n] ;xof]u ;DkGg u5f}{+, cWoIfs} g]t[Tjdf
;/sf/ s7\kt' nL lyof], c;+jw} flgs rfxG5g\ . sfFu;] | , Pdfn]nufotsf] afO; dfWoddf dfq ljjfb agfOPsf] xf], hgtfsf Ph] G 8fx¿nfO{ cufl8 ug'k{ 5{, xfdL Tof] u5f}F . jgkFm8fgL ;/sf/df hfG5f}F / cfjZos k¥of] eg]
lyof] . of] ;/sf/n] zflGtk|lqmof bnLo u7aGwg c;kmn eO;Sof] . kf6L{ Psl9Ssf eP/ cufl8 al9/x]sf] p7fpF5f}F . ;]gf ;dfof]hg / ;+ljwfg /f]Sg] zflGt ;'Joj:yf sfod ug]{ sfddf cWoIfs} g]tT[ jdf k|ltkIfdf a:5f}F t/
lgisif{df k'¥ofpg ;Sb}gYof] . xfdLn] u7aGwg c;kmn ePkl5 :jtM d'Vo 5 cem cufl8 al9/xG5 . lgdf{0f k|lqmof ljutdf :jLs[t xfdL b[9 eP/ nfU5f}F . xfdL e'ms]/ JolQmut :jfy{df nfu]/
of] ;/sf/ u7g;Fu} zflGt / ;+ljwfg k|ltkIf ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j kfpF5 . of] ) tkfO{ + Pss[ t dfcf] j fbL dfGotfcg';f/ cufl8 a9\g'k5{ . ) tkfO+ { x ¿sf] kf6L{ ;/sf/sf] qmflGtsf] dfu{nfO{ aLr}df t'xfpg] u2f/L
lgdf{0f k|lqmofn] k"0f{tf kfpFbg} , To;sf/0f p;sf] g}lts clwsf/ klg xf] . kf6L{leqsf] zlQmzfnL o'jfg]tf ljutdf ePsf ;lGw;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog g]tT[ j ug{ tlD;/x]sf] 5, o:tf] xfdLaf6 sbflk x'g] 5}g .
cljnDa /fli6«o ;/sf/ agfpg'k5{ eGb} ;a}tkm{af6 dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tjdf x'gx' G' 5 / ;a}sf] czfsf] s]Gb| ug{ xfdL b[9 5f}F . ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 cj:yfdf hgtfnfO{ k| i 6 ) cGTodf cfdhg;d'bfonfO{ s]
cfPsf lyof}F . clxn] cfP/ xfdLn] eGb} ;/sf/ aGg] cfwf/ 5 . To;sf/0f xfdL klg x' g ' x ' G 5 t/ tkfO{ + d fly klg b[9tf cfpg'k5{ . a]kQfx¿sf] kfl/lbg' ; ls dfcf] j fbL eGg rfxg'x'G5 <
cfPsf] s'/f k'li6 ePsf] 5 . To;sf/0f xfd|f] g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/ agfpg] k|of; slxn] st} , slxn] st} vf]hL t'?Gt x'gk' 5{, To;sf] nflu cfof]u kf6L{ l eq s' g } ljjfb 5} g / d'ns' clxn] cK7\of/f] cj:yfdf
k| w fgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf cfpg' ul//x]sf 5f}F . u'6aGbLdf nfUg'ePsf] 5 eGg] aGg'k5{ . åGåsf] qmddf Iflt ePsf xfdLn] yfn]sf] qmflGt k"/f u/]/} 5, gofF ;+ljwfg hgtfsf] kIfdf aG5
;sf/fTds kIf xf] . ;+ljwfgsf ) casf] ;/sf/sf] g] t [ T j cf/f]k nfUg] u/]sf] 5 lg < ;Dk"0f{ hfoh]yfsf] Ifltk"lt{ ;/sf/n] 5f8\5f}F . ls aGb}g lglZrt 5}g . hgtfsf]
cGt/j:t' x ¿, zflGtk| l qmofsf tkfO{x+ ¿sf] kf6L{n] ug]{ t eGg' oL ;a} cf/f]k dfq x'g\ . xfd|f] kf6L{df lbg'k5{ . xfdLn] ljutdf clkn u/]/ xfdL o'4df 5Fbf klg jfbljjfb kIfdf ;+ l jwfg agfpg ;a}
;dembf/Lx¿ agfP/ zflGt / ;+ljwfg ef] t kf6L{leq g]t[Tj s;n] u'6, pku'6 eGg] g} 5}g . xfd|f] kf6L{ sAhf u/]sf hUufhldg w]/} lkmtf{ x'g] u/]sf] lyof] . xfdL dfS;{jfbL hg;d'bfon] bafa lbg h?/L 5 .
aGg] Uof/]G6L ;fy /fli6«o ;xdlt lgdf{0f ug]{ eGg]df ljjfb r'lnPsf] 5 ljut bz–kGw| jif{bl] v PsLs[t¿kdf eO;s]sf 5g\ . afFsL s]xL 5g\ eg] bz{gcg';f/ x/]s j:t'leq /fd|f] / g/fd|f] k]ml/ klg ljb]zL zlQmx¿sf] cf8df
ug]{ clg xfd|f] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf /fli6«o elgG5 lg < cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . xfdL;Fu JolQmut To;nfO{ ;dfwfg ug]{ tl/sf vf]lhg'k5{ . kIf b]V5f}F . åGå eO/fVbf åGån] ult s7\kt' nL ;/sf/ agfpg] k|of; x'bF 5 } .
;/sf/ agfpg] kxn xfdL ul//x]sf oL ;a} ldl8ofdf r'nfOPsf] ljjfb :jfy{ geP/ g} of] ;Dej ePsf] xf] . jfOl;Pnsf] cw{;G} o ;+/rgf g} 5}g . k}bf u5{ . xfdL o'4sfndf 5nkmn, ;ef;b\x¿nfO{ v;L–af]sfe}mF lsga]r
5f}F . xfd|f] d'Vo kxn xfd|f] kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf dfq xf] . xfd|f] kf6L{leq g]t[Tjsf] xfdL;Fu qmflGt s;/L k"/f ug]{ eGg] of] cf/f]k dfq xf] . cw{;l} gs eg]sf] t ax; ;+jfb uYof}+{ . xfdLn] clxn] u/]sf] ug]{ if8\oGq x'Fb}5 . o;sf] lj?4
/fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ agfpg] x'G5 . ljifodf s'g} ljjfb 5}g . ljutdf :jfy{ dfq 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ cGo kf6L{h:tf] clxn]sf] ;z:q h:t} xf] . ;]gf klg jfbljjfb JolQmut cfsf+Iffsf] nflu va/bf/L ug{ / hgtfsf]
) eg] k l5, ca tkfO{ + cfk\ m gf] lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf sfFu; ]| sf] kf6L{ sbflk xf]Og . xfd|f] kf6L{;uF pGgfO; xf]Og, k'ln; klg xf]Og aLrsf] ;+u7g xf]Og qmflGt s;/L ;DkGg ug]{ eGgsf] Dof08]6cg';f/sf] ;/sf/ agfpg
kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jdf /fli6«o ;/sf/ ;efklt x'bF f slxn] e§/fO{, slxn] b]pjf xhf/ hgd'lQm ;]gf 5 t]x| xhf/eGbf cw{;G} o xf] . To:tf] xfd|f] kf6L{df s]xL nflu xf] . j}bl] zs pTkL8gnufot cGo rf}tkmL{ ¿kdf bafa lbg d ;Dk"0f{
aGg]df ljZj:t x'g'x'G5 < k|wfgdGqL eP/ kf6L{ k'm6\of], To:t} a9L g]kfnLsf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] klg 5}g . jfOl;Pnsf] Aof/]sLo ;+/rgf pTkL8gaf6 hgtfnfO{ s;/L d'Qm ug]{ hg;d'bfonfO{ clkn ub{5' .
xfdL xfd|f] g]tT[ jdf /fli6«o ;/sf/ /fk|kfdf ;"oa{ xfb'/ yfkf kf6L{ cWoIf cfXjfgdf alnbfgL ul/;s]sf 5g\ . sxLF, st} /x]5 eg] xfdL ;dfwfg ug{
aG5 eGg]df ljZj:t 5f}F . xfdLnfO{ x'bF f nf]sG] b|axfb'/ rGbnfO{ k|wfgdGqL k|r08, ls/0f, afa'/fd jf afbnn] tof/ 5f}F . a'6jndf o'ykmf];s { f] Aof/]s
g]tT[ j ug]{ DofG8]6 hgtfn] lbPsf 5g\ . agfP/ kf6L{ k'm6\of], kl5Nnf] ;do k|wfgdGqLsf] nflu dl/xQ} ug'e{ of] eGg] 5, To:t} t/fO{ s f cGo efudf kf6L{sf] g]tf ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jdf hfFbf qmflGtsf
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{afx]s @$ j6} kf6L{ ldNbf Pdfn] s f kf6L{ g ] t f emngfy t/ Tof] c:jefljs x'g hfG5 . ;lxbsf] tdnf]kfsf] / nf]stflGqs kmf]/dsf] cfjZostfx¿ k"/f x'G5, kf6L{ Pstfa4 x'G5 . zflGt /
klg ;+ljwfg agfpg ;Sb}gg\ . g]kfnL k|wfgdGqL dfwj g]kfn x'bF f Pdfn] /utk|lt wf]vf x'G5 . To;}n] s;}n] Aof/]s 5 . oL ;a} tTsfn x6\gk' 5{ .
hgtfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;a}eGbf 7"nf] kf6L{ kf6L{df lsrnf] b]vfk¥of] . o;sf] cy{ JolQmut 9Ën] cufl8 a9\g vf]H5, s'g} kf6L{df Aof/]sLo ;+/rgf x'gx' bF' g} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg] lhDd]jf/L cWoIfdf
agfpg'sf] d'Vo sf/0f xfdLn] p7fPsf] xfd|f] kf6L{ 7\ofSs} sfFu; ]| , Pdfn]h:tf] u'6aGbL u5{, To:tf] ;f]r h;n] /fv] eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf xf] . a9L x'G5 . To;sf/0f cWoIf s} g]tT[ jdf ;/sf/df hfFbf
/fHo k'g;{/+ rgfsf] d'2f ;+3Lotf d'2f, eGg vf]hs ] f] t xf]Og t/ klg kf6L{sf] klg :jLsfg{ ;lsFbg} . qmflGtsf] ;t{df ) sfFu;]| , Pdfn]n] h'g¿kdf hUuf
wd{lg/k]Iftf d'2f, cfly{s, ;fdflhs g]tf ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ jdf hfFbf qmflGtsf g]tfx¿nfO{ ;xof]u ul/G5 . cWoIf sAhfsf] ljifonfO{ p7fO/x]sf
/fd|f] x'G5 .
¿kfGt/0fsf d'2f g} x'g\ . xfdLafx]s cfjZostfx¿ k" / f x' G 5, kf6L{ sd/]8nfO{ klg ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] xf] . 5g\ , tkfO{ + x ¿n] åGåsfndf
c? ;a} kf6L{ ldNbf klg ;+ljwfg n]lvg Pstfa4 x'G5 . zflGt / ;+ljwfg cGo cfb/0fLo g]tfx¿nfO{ klg qmflGt x8k ePsf] ;DklQsf] af/]df
k"/f ug]{ :jfy{df dflgG5 . t/, pxfFx¿n] lsg hf]8tf]8n] p7fO/xg'ePsf] qmflGtsf] ;t{df g]tfx¿nfO{ ;xof]u ul/G5 . cWoIf
xfdLafx]s c? ;a} kf6L{ ldNbf klg ;+ljwfg n]lvg ;Dej 5}g . g} u'6aGbL ug{ yfNg' ef] eg] xfdL To:tf 5} g <
u'6aGbL sbflk :jLsf/ ub}{gf}F . xfdL sfFu; ]| , Pdfn]nh ] :tf] lgn{Hh sd/]8nfO{ klg ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] xf] . cGo cfb/0fLo
hgtfn] k'/fgf kf6L{x¿n] k'/fg} vfnsf ;+ljwfg agfpnfg\ eg]/ d]/f]af/]df ldl8ofdf h'g rrf{ ul/Psf] tl/sfn] ljifoj:t' /fVg rfxFbg} f}F .
5, Tof] lgtfGt rl/q xTof xf], o; b'lgofFn] b]v]sf] 5 yjfªsf ufpF
g]tfx¿nfO{ klg qmflGt k"/f ug]{ :jfy{df dflgG5 . t/,
va/bf/L :j¿k xfdLnfO{ rfnL; k|ltzt dt lbPsf x'g\ .
s'/fk|lt d JolQmut¿kdf v]b k|s6 hnfOPsf] 5, ufpFsf ufpF n'l6Psf] 5, pxfFx¿n] g} u'6aGbL ug{ yfNg' ef] eg] xfdL To:tf
ug{ rfxG5' . xfd|} g]tfsf 3/x¿ ad xfg]/ p8fOPsf u'6aGbL sbflk :jLsf/ ub}g { f}F .
oL;a}cf/f]kdfqx'g\.xfd|f]kf6L{dfu'6,pku'6eGg]g} ) zflGtk|lqmofsf] d'Vo d'2f ;]gf 5g\ . of] s'/f ;a}n] b]vs ] f] 5 . /fHo
;dfof] h gsf] k| l qmof clxn] jf ;Qfdf a;]sfx¿n] of] s'/f ;'Gg
5}g .xfd|f]kf6L{ljutbz–kGw|jif{b]lvPsLs[t¿kdf s;/L cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 < rfxFbg} g\ lsgeg] pgLx¿df ;fFlRrs}
cufl8al9/x]sf]5 .xfdL;FuJolQmut:jfy{geP/g}of] ;]gf ;dfof]hg tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ ¿kdf åGå ;dfwfg ug{ rfxFbg} g\ . k|wfgdGqLsf] /fhLgfdf ;t{;lxt cfPsf] xf]Og . xfdL cGo
clxn]sf] s7\kt' nL ;/sf/af6 ;Dej xfdLn] xfd|f] s'/f ljutb]lv /fVb} cfPsf
;DejePsf]xf] .xfdL;FuqmflGts;/Lk"/fug]{eGg] lyPg . ca gofF ;/sf/ u7g ePkl5 5f}F . tkfO+x{ ¿sf] of] nf]slk|o klqsfdfk{mt\ kf6L{;u“ 3'8“ f 6]s/] , cfTd;dk{0f u/]/ ;/sf/ agfpg
:jfy{dfq5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf ;/sf/sf] dftxtdf klg d of] s'/f /fVg rfxG5' . hlt rfxFb}gf}F . a? xfdL k|ltkIfdf a;]/ hgtfsf Ph]G8fx¿nfO{
cfpF5 . xfd|f] kl5Nnf] kf]ln6Ao'/f] a}7sn] hgtfsf efF8fs'8f k'm6fOPsf 5g\, ;'g–
;]gf, k|x/Lsf] k'/fgf] ;+/rgf gelTsg] rfFbL n'l6Psf 5g\, 3/ hnfOPsf 5g\, cufl8 p7fp“5f}“ .
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sf]xL k'g:yf{kgfdf / /fhgLltdf hfg xf], k'g;{/+ rgf gx'g] xf] eg] ;dfof]hg v;L, afv|f n'l6Psf 5g\ ;a} s'/fsf]
;Dej 5}g eGg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . /fHon] n]vfhf]vf u/]/ hgtfnfO{ Gofo
rfxg]afx]s af“sLsf] cnUu} kmf];{ agfof] eg] To;n] ;]gf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sf]xL k'g:yf{kgfdf / lbg'k5{ . of] s'/f k"/f x'g ;s]g eGg]
;dfof]hgdf ;xof]u k'U5 eGg] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] 7x/ /x]sf] 5 . /fhgLltdf hfg rfxg]afx]s afFsLsf] åGå s'g} g s'g} ¿kdf hf/L /xG5 . xfdL sf“u|;] , Pdfn]nh
] :tf] lgn{Hh tl/sfn]
cnUu} kmf];{ agfof] eg] To;n] ;]gf ) jif]{ clwj]zg ;'? ug{ l9nf ljifoj:t' /fVg rfx“b}gf}+ . b'lgof“n] b]vs
] f] 5 yjfªsf
;dfof]hgdf ;xof]u k'U5 eGg] xfd|f] eO;Sof], tkfO{+x¿ ;/sf/df
a]kQfx¿sf] vf]hL t'?Gt x'gk' 5{, To;sf] nflu cfof]u kf6L{sf] 7x/ /x]sf] 5 . xdL ToxLcg';f/ uP/ s:tf] vfnsf] ah] 6 ufp“ hnfOPsf] 5, ufp“sf ufp“ n'l6Psf] 5, xfd|} g]tfsf
cufl8 a9\5f}F . Nofpg' x ' G 5 < 3/x¿ ad xfg]/ p8fOPsf 5g\ . of] s'/f ;a}n] b]v]sf]
aGg'k5{ . åGåsf] qmddf Iflt ePsf ;Dk"0f{ hfoh]yfsf] ) tkfO{x+ ¿n] ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ug{ k'/fgf] ;/sf/n] ah]6sf] ;fdfGo
Ifltk"lt{ ;/sf/n] lbg'k5{ . xfdLn] ljutdf clkn u/]/ jfOl;Pnsf] cw{;}Go ;+/rgf tof/L u/]sf] 5 . xfdL ;/sf/df uof}F 5 . /fHo jf ;Qfdf a;]sfx¿n] of] s'/f ;'Gg
sAhf u/]sf hUufhldg w]/} lkmtf{ eO;s]sf 5g\ . afFsL e ug'k{ g],{ SofG6f]gd]G6 vfnL eg] To;df w] / } k] m /abn ug{ rfx“b} g g\ lsgeg] pgLx¿ ;f“lRrs} ¿ k df åGå
ug'k{ g]{ ;t{ sfFu;]| , Pdfn]nufot g;lsPnf . t/ d'Vo–d'Vo ljifodf
s]xL 5g\ eg] To;nfO{ ;dfwfg ug]{ tl/sf vf]lhg'k5{ . cGo ;fgf bnx¿n] /fv] s f xfd|f] k|of; x'G5 . e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ;dfwfg ug{ rfx“b}gg\ .
ˆ4
dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf] jt{dfg cj:yf
;' z Lnf cfrfo{
g]kfnsf] e"–/fhgLlts cj:yf
ef}uf]lns ljs6tf ;fy} leGg} vfnsf]
;f+:s[lts rfnrng, cfly{s cj:yf
cflb sf/0fn] g]kfnLsf] df}lnstf klg
cln km/s x'g' :jefljs dflgG5 .
ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf] k|ToIf df/
;fF:s[lts ¿kdf :yflkt ePsf s]xL
unt s' / Lltsf] sf/0f klg
dlxnfx¿sf] cj:yf clxn] klg
bogLo dfGg ;lsG5 . ;du|tfdf
x]gk'{ bf{ clxn] klg w]/} dlxnfx¿ 3/]n'
lx+;f / bfOhf] k|yf h:tf unt
s"/Lltsf] df/df 5g\ . ;a} vfn]
pTkL8gsf afah'b klg kl/jt{gsf]
rfxgf /fv]/ cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldg]
dlxnfx¿sf] ;+Vof klg sd 5}g .
dlxnf ;zlQms/0f r]tgfdf km/s
b[li6sf]0f b]lvg'n] klg ;a} dlxnfx¿
;dfg p2]Zodf ;d]t Ps 7fpFdf
/xg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . oL ;a} ;d:ofsf
sf/0f dlxnf ;zlQms/0fdf b]lvPsf
;d:ofnfO{ p7fpFb} o; :tDedf
dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf] ljleGg If]qdf
b]lvPsf] cj:yfaf/] p7fpg vf]lhPsf]
5.
/fhgLltdf dlxnf ;zlQms/0f
kl/jt{gsf] d'Vo ljGb' /fhgLlt
g} xf] . t/, klg /fhg}lts r]tgfsf]
cefj / k'/ftgjfbL ;f]+rn] clxn]
klg /fhgLlts ¿kdf gLlt lgdf{0f
tx;Dd dlxnfsf] pkl:ylt cToGt
Go' g 5 . @)$* ;fnsf] cfd
lgjf{ r gsf] t' n gfdf dlxnfsf]
pkl:ylt ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf
a9]/ !(& hgf k'u]sf] 5 . t/,
To;sf] klg dlxnfx¿n] :jtGq 9+un]
pkof]u ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . Tof]
pkl:ylt b]vfpg] efF8f] dfq aGg
;s]sf] 5 . clxn];Dd klg s'g}
kf6L{sf] g]tT[ j dlxnfn] u/]sf] kfOb}g,
s]jn ;l/tf lu/Ln] dfq u/]sf]
b]lvG5 . k6s–k6s eO/x]sf dlxnf
cfGbf]ngn] lg0ff{os df]8 lng g;Sg'
;zlQms/0fsf] cefj xf] . h;n] ubf{
cfGbf]ng ljeflht x'g hfg' g]kfnsf]
dlxnf cfGbf]ngnfO{ r'gf}lts} ¿kdf
lng ;lsG5 . To;} n ] dlxnf
;zlQms/0fsf] cefjn] dlxnf
cfGbf]ngsf] ;xL p7fg x'g ;s]sf]
kfOb}g . x/]s /fhgLlts bndf
clwsf/sf] 3]/f sxf“;Dd <
cd[tf nD;fn, 6]S;f;, cd]l/sf
;Kt/L sf/fuf/df y'gfdf /x]sf Ps
bDktL ;Kt/L hutk'/sf #& jif{ ;'/hf
dl/s 8f]d / pgsL #) jifL{of kTgL
5f]6gLb]jLn] cfk"mx¿;Fu} a:g / ;Gtfg
hGdfpg kfpg'kg]{ dfu ub}{ ;jf]R{ r
cbfntsf] 9f]sf 9s9SofPsf] ;dfrf/
k9]/ dl:t:ssf] Pp6f s'gfn] k|Zg u¥of],
cflv/ clwsf/sf] 3]/f sxfF;Dd k'u/]
;Lldt x'G5 < pgLx¿ sf/fuf/df k'Ug'sf]
sf/0f @)^! d+l;/ ( ut] a]ns ' f l5d]sL
lrlgofFbj] L dxtnufotsf] xTof /x]5 /
cbfntn] s;'/ 7x/ ub}{ @)^@ k'; !@
ut] ;j{Zj;lxt Hofg s}b km};nf u/]sf]
/x] 5 < t/ pgLx¿n] dfgj
clwsf/;DaGwL ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq
!($*, cfly{ s , ;fdflhs tyf
;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] cGt/f{li6«o cg'aGw
!(^^, dlxnflj?4sf ;a} lsl;dsf
e]befj pGd"ng ug{ dxf;lGw !(&(
nufotsf sfg'gL k|fjwfg tyf cGtl/d
;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @) sf] pkwf/f @ df
k|To]s dlxnfnfO{ k|hgg :jf:Yo tyf
k|hgg;DaGwL xs x'g5 ] , eGg] sfg'gL
bkmfx¿ cufl8 ;f/]/ cbfnt k'u5 ] g\ .
oxLFg/] cfP/ Sof/]dsf] :6«fO{s/n] uf]6Ldf
an k'¥ofP/ xfg]h:t} u/L dl:t:sdf
UofFu nfUof], pgLx¿nfO{ 3/ a;fpg] /
aRrf hGdfpg] To:t} /x/ lyof] t csf{sf]
Hofg} lng] ck/fw ug{ lsg tlD;Psf?
cfˆgf] clwsf/sf] af/]df a'bF fa'bF f JofVof
ug{ ;Sg]n] c?sf] clwsf/sf] -
rlgofb]jLsf]_ af/]df ;f]Rg kg]{ ls gkg]{ <
dlxnfsf] cy{k"0f{ ;xeflutf ljgf
/fhgLltdf dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf]
kf6f] cw'/f] /xg hfG5 .
clwsf/sf] lx;fan] dlxnf
;zlQms/0f
vf;u/L @)$^ ;fnsf]
hgcfGbf] n gkl5 clwsf/d' v L
r]tgfsf sfo{qmdsf] dxTj a9]sf]
kfOG5 . ljleGg u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf
cyjf /fhg}lts bnsf] ljleGg
sfo{qmdaf6 dlxnfsf] r]tgf:t/df
a[l4 ePsf] 5 . vf;u/L ax'bnLo
Joj:yfdf af]Ng] clwsf/ ePsfn]
;fdflhs kl/jt{gdf klg cGt/
b] l vof] . To;sf] ;fy} @)%@
;fnkl5sf] lb3{sfnLg hgo'4df
dlxnfsf] sf} z ntf, lg8/tf /
tTk/tfn] ubf{ dlxnfx¿ sdhf]/
x'G5g\ eGg] ;+sL0f{tfnfO{ lrg{ ;kmn
eof] . zflGt k| l qmof ;F u ;F u }
@)^@÷)^# sf] !( lbg] P]ltxfl;s
hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;xeflutfn] dlxnfsf]
;DdfggLo ;xeflutf :yflkt ug{
;kmn eof] . dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf]
gfddf cfPsf Pglhcf]
/cfOPghLcf] a f6 klg dlxnf
;zlQms/0fdf 6]jf ldn]sf] kfOG5 .
t;y{ clwsf/sf] p7fgsf b[li6sf]0fn]
dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf] kf6f]
;Gtf]ifhgs cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
cfly{ s lx;fan] ;zlQms/0f
clxn] klg dlxnfx¿ cfly{s
lx;fan] dha"t 5}gg\ . 5f]/LnfO{ klg
5f] / f;/x sfg' g df k} t [ s
;DklQdflysf] xssf] a/fa/L Joj:yf
cGtl/d ;+ljwfg–@)^# df pNn]v
ePklg k|flKtsf] ;'lglZrttf cem}
5}g . clwsf/sf s'\/f hlt klg ug{
;Sg] t/ sfof{Gjogsf] ljifodf lgis[o
/xg] k|a[lQn] ubf{ ;fdfGo cj:yfdf
5f]/Lx¿sf] k}t[s ;DklQdflysf] xs
k|fKt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . t;y{ cfly{s
lx;fan] 5f]/Lx¿nfO{ dha't u/fpg]
r]tgfsf] cem} cefj 5 .
dlxnfx¿nfO{ cfly{s lx;fan]
;DkGg u/fpg] sfo{qmd cfpg g;Sg',
cfPklg pgLx¿sf] ;xL tYofÍ /fv]/
k]zf ts{ pGd'v u/fpg] of]hgf
gx'gfn] klg tflndx¿ s]jn tflnddf
;Lldt ePsf 5g\ . csf] { t km{
dlxnfx¿ :jod\ klg bL3{sfnLg
clg of] pgLx¿sf] cfˆg} lbdfun]
pAhfOlbPsf] ;f]r t kSs} xf]Og xf]nf,
h;n] pAhfOlbof], tL sfg'ga]Qfsf] gh/df
xTofsf] tYo / kLl8tsf] clwsf/sf]
ljifon] s:tf] cfjfh ;'gfpF5 < dfgjLo
:jefj / ;fdflhs /Lltl/jfh tyf
k|hgg clwsf/;d]t gkfpFbf, afWo eO{
l/6 lgj]bg ug{ cfPsf 5f},F eg]/ ljifosf]
p7fg ug{ ;Sg]n] k|To]s JolStnfO{
j}olSts hLjg, :jtGqtf / ;'/Iffsf]
clwsf/ x'g5 ] ,' eGg] dfgjclwsf/sf]
ljZjJofkL clwsf/sf] 3f]if0ffkqsf] wf/f
tLgnfO{ lrlgofb]jLsf] clwsf/sf] nflu
s;/L kl/eflift ug{ xf]nf < o:tf
clwsf/sf s'/fx¿ cfˆgf] b]zdf dfq
xf]Og csf{sf] b]zdf klg x'g] ub{5g\
emG8} o:t}–o:t} k|jl[ Qsf] 36\gf ut dfr{
@# cd]l/sfsf] 6]S;; /fHosf] Xo':6g
;x/df klg 36\of] / To;sf] nflu ;~hfo
h'g @@ tfl/v @)!) df ;'gfO{o6\ /
ToxfFrflxF dfG5] df/]sfn] cfˆgf] k|hgg
clwsf/ vf]hs ] f] xf]Og ls csf{sf] 3/
kmf]8/] rf]/L u/]sf], gfaflnu s]6f]nfO{
xts8L nufO;s]kl5 k|x/Ln] s'6/] 3fOt]
agfP eg]/ ToxfFsf] k'ln; l8kf6{dG] 6nn]
;fthgf k|x/L cwLlqmtx¿nfO{ cfˆgf]
kbLo bfloTjaf6 x6fof], ToxfF klg rf]/L
u/]sf] 36gf uf}0f eof], s]jn kLl8t
elgPsf] -csf{sf] 3/ kmf]8g\ s] f]_ clwsf/sf]
s'/f dfq} p8\of] / ;dfrf/ ljZn]ifsx¿sf]
ts{cg';f/ l9nf] rfF8f] csf{sf] 3/ kmf]8/]
rf]/L ug{ ;f] JolSt ;DalGwt ck/fwaf6
d'St x'g] ;Defjgf clws 5| Tolt dfq
¿kdf cfly{s k/lg/e{tfsf] cGTosf
nflu ;lqmo ¿kn] nfu]sf] b]lvb}g .
o;/L ;dfhsf] cj:yfnfO{ lrq0f ubf{
cfly{s lx;fan] dlxnf ;zlQms/0f
ePsf] 5}g . o;nfO{ k]zfut Uof/]06L,
;Lkd'ns tflnd, k|fljlws lzIffdf
;dfg clwsf/, k}ts [ ;DklQ dflysf]
xs ;'lglZrt agfpg ;s]df dfq
dlxnfsf] cfly{s k/lge{/tf cGt
x'G5 .
z} l Ifs
;zlQms/0f
¿kdf dlxnf
z} l Ifs ¿kdf dlxnfx¿
;zlQms/0f x'g k|of;/t 5g\ . t/,
klg 5f]/LnfO{ z}lIfs ;DkGg agfpg]
r]tgfsf] cefjn] 5f]/f;/x 5f]/Lx¿
lzlIft x'g kfPsf 5}gg\ . s]xL ;do
klxn] 5f] / LnfO{ 3fF ; , bfp/f /
5f] / fnfO{ :s" n k7fpg] cj:Yff
b]lvGYof] eg] clxn] 5f]/fnfO{ af]l8ª
:s"n cyjf k|fljlws lzIff / 5f]/LnfO{
;fdfGo ;/sf/L :s"ndf k9fpg] u/]sf]
kfOG5 . cljefjsdf 5f]/Lk|ltsf]
ljZjf; sdL k|z:t b]Vg kfOG5 .
h;sf] sf/0f 5f]/L csf{sf] 3/hfg]
hft ePsfn] l56f] ljx] ul/lbP/
af] e maf6 klG5Psf] cg' e j ug] {
cljefjsx¿sf] ;+Vof klg sd 5}g .
csf] { t km{ ;/sf/L lgsfo jf
u} / ;/sf/L ;+ 3 ;+ : yfaf6 ;do–
;dodf cfPsf dlxnf lzIff
sfo{qmdaf6 klg s]xL dlxnfsf] z}lIfs
;zlQms/0f t ePsf] 5 t/ To;sf]
;xL tYofÍ cflb gxFb' f klg jf:tljs
cj:yfaf/] cglj1tf sfod} 5 .
o;/L z} l Ifs¿kdf dlxnf
;zlQms/0f lrGtfhgs ca:yf
gePklg ;Gtf]if lng] 7fpF eg] 5}g .
sfg"gL ¿kdf dlxnf ;zlQms/0f
sfg"gL ¿kdf clxn] dlxnf bf];f| ]
bhf{sf] gful/s;/x 5g\ . dlxnfdfly
x'g] ;a}vfn] lx+;fn] ;dfhdf k|zo
kfO/x]sf 5g\ . k'/fg} ;f]+r / lrGtg
af]s]sf oyfl:yltjfbL lrGtgaf6
u|l;t JolQmx¿sf] xftdf sfg"g
sfof{Gjogsf] lhDd]jf/L ePsf]n]
;+ljwfgdf lnlka4 eO;s]sf] ljifodf
klg dlxnfx¿ clwsf/af6 al~rt
5g\ . ;j{k|yd dlxnfx¿ sfg"gL
dfkb08af/] w]/} hfgsf/ 5}gg\ . bf];f| ,]
dlxnfsf ljifonfO{ uDeL/tfk"js { lng]
xf]Og, ;f] d'2fdf k|x/L cwLlqmtx¿ k|x/L
ljefuaf6 x6fOP klg ;f] ljifonfO{
dfgjlws/sf] d'2fsf] ¿kdf p7fpg]
JolStx¿ v'zL 5}gg\, sf/0f, pgLx¿sf]
ljrf/df k|x/Lx¿sf] Toqf] 7"nf] ck/fw -
h;nfO{ clkml;on ck|;] g dfq elgof]
/] Û, P;N6 eg]/ rfh{ nufOPg /] Û_ df
lbOPsf] ;f] ;Fhfo ufnfdf Ps yKk8
xfg] h:tf] dfq} eof] /] Û Tof] ;dfrf/
;'g/] / k9]/ of] k+lStsf/nfO{ dfgjlwsf/
eg]sf] s] xf] / s;nfO{ dfq} nfu" x'g] xf]
eg]/ st} k|Zg p7fpg] 7fpF eP vf]hL
ug{ dg nfUof] . lsgls, s;}sf] 3/df
rf]/L x'bF f, 3/df rf]/L x'g] JolStn] ;dfg
dfq} u'dfpFbg} , cfˆgf] k"/} uf]Kotfsf]
clwsf/ klg u'dfpF5| pbfx/0fsf] nflu
cfˆg} 3/df 36]sf] rf]/Lsf] 36gf k|:t't
ug{ dg nfUof], ;don] a;]l{ gsf] ;F3f/
klg gf3]sf] 5}g, Pslbg laxfg 3/af6
lgl:sPsf] t/ dWo lbgdf 3/ cfOk'Ubf
3/sf] ;fO8sf] 9f]sf kmf]//] rf]/leq k;L
sf]7f–sf]7f 5fg df/]/, eP e/sf ;a}
;dfg pN6fO{–kN6fO{ u/]/, cfk"mnfO{
rflxPsf] ;fdfg lnP/ 3/sf] d"n9f]sf
vf]n} 5fl8lbP/ kmls{P5g\ Tof] lbgb]lv
cfh;Dd k|x/Ln] ;dfg kfPsf] jf rf]/
klqmPsf] va/ lbPsf] 5}g\ . t/ Tof]
36gf 36]sf] lbgb]lv s}of}F /ft cfˆgf]
uf]Kotf /fVg kfpg] clwsf/ u'dfPsf]
;lDemP/ 8/ / qf; dfq} xf]Og, cJoSt
3'6g\ df ;do sf6\g k¥of], of] kL8f To:tf
36gfx¿ ef]Ug] hf]sf]xLn] klg dx;';
ug{ ;fFrf] tYo xf];\ / dfly pNn]lvt
k|jl[ Qsf] cefjdf Gofosf] nflu p7]sf
xftx¿ klg cbfntL nfdf] k|lqmof /
vlr{nf] ePsf]n] lg/fz eP/ Gofo
gkfP/ 3/} kmls{P/ uPsf] cj:yf
klg k|z:t g} 5 . o;sf] nflu
dlxnfx¿ s]jn ;r]t eP/ dfq
x' F b } g . Gofo lbg] lgsfo g}
dlxnfx¿k|lt ;+jb] gzLn eP/ ljgf
k"jf{ux| Gofo lbnfpg ;s]df dfq
sfg' g L b[ l i6sf] 0 fdf dlxnfx¿
;zlQms/0f x'g ;S5g\ .
;~rf/ If] q df dlxnf
;zlQms/0f
cfjfhxLgsf] cfjfh eg]/ lrlgg]
;~rf/ If]qdf dlxnf ;xeflutf s]xL
a9]sf] kfOG5 . t/, dlxnfx¿ o;nfO{
bL3{sfnLg sd{ynf] agfpg ;s]sf
5} g g\ . ;~rf/ If] q df nfu] s f
dlxnfx¿ aLrd} k]zf 5f]8]/ cGo
k]zf cFufNg afWo 5g\ . kqsfl/tf
If]qdf z'?sf lbgdf /x/n] nfu] klg
sfd ug]{ ;xL jftfj/0f gxFb' f aLrdf
k]zf 5f]8\g'kg]{ ;d:ofn] dlxnfnfO{
al9 k|efj kf/]sf] kfOG5 . bL3{sfnLg
k]zf kqsfl/tfnfO{ agfpg ufx|f] 5 .
k]zfsf] s'g} Uof/]06L gx'g,' l/kf]l6{ªsf]
;do lglZrt x'g g;Sg', ljifo
a:t' s f] hf] l vdtf / ;fdflhs
k|lts"ntfsf sf/0f dlxnfx¿ of]
k]zfdf l6Sg ufx|f] eO/x]sf] 5 .
csf]{tkm{ ;~rf/ lgsfo;Dd
dlxnfsf] kxFr ' a9fpg u|fdL0f:t/sf
sfo{qmd k|;f/0f ug{'sf ;fy} k]zfsf]
Uof/] 0 6L ug{ d f ;~rf/
pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ ;r]t u/fpg] vfnsf
sfo{qmd Nofpg ;s]df ;~rf/ If]qdf
dlxnf ;xeflutf a9\g] b]lvG5 .
o;/L dfly pNn]lvt ljifonufot
cGo ljifodf klg dlxnf
;zlQms/0fdf 6]jf k'¥ofpg] sfo{qmd
Nofpg'k5{ eg] dlxnfx¿ :jod\ klg
k/lge{ t fsf] dfgl;stf Tofu] /
cfTdlge{/sf nflu h:tf] ;'s} hf]lvd
df]Ng ;Sg] cfF6 lng ;s] dfq
dlxnfsf] ;f] + r df kl/jt{ g ug{
;lsG5 . dlxnfx¿ ;dfhsf 5'§}
JolQm xf]Ogg\ :jtGq gful/s ;/x
afFRg kfpg] xssf] Uof/]06L ub}{ dlxnf
cfGbf]ngnfO{ Ps l9Ssf u/]/ cufl8
a9fpg' g} dlxnfx¿sf] cfhsf]
dxTjk"0f{ cfjZostf x'g hfG5 .
rf]/Lsf] 36gf klg o:t} xf], t/ slxn]sfxLF
o:tf kLl8tsf clwsf/sf cfjfhx¿
lrlgofb]jLsf] cfjfh -ld|t cfTdfn] af]Ng
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tkfO{x+ ¿ hf] of] kl9/xg' ePsf] 5, Tof]
;a} d]/f cfb/0fLo kf7sx¿sf] lhDdf .
cd]l/sfsf] af; ePsfn] cd]l/sfsf] g}
rrf{ ug{ hftL xf]nf . cd]l/sf eg]s}
cj;/ / :jtGqtfsf] k|of]uzfnf xf] .
of] k|of]uzfnfdf xfdL cfpg'sf] p2]Zo
klg cj;/ / :jtGqtfsf] vf]hLsf]
nflu, o;}sf] k|of]usf] nflu xf] . c?
cj;/ / :jtGqtf h] eP klg wg
sdfpg] / vr{ ug{ jf hdfpg] :jtGqtf
hf]sf]xLnfO{ k|fKt 5 cd]l/sfdf . wg
s;/L sdfpg] < lsg sdfpg] / slt
sdfpg] < o;sf] s'g} ;Ldf 5}g . tkfO{n]
rfx] hlt sdfpg g;Sg' xf]nf t/ ;s]
hlt sdfpg / dg nfu] hlt vr{ ug{
;Sg' x'G5 . wg s;/L sdfpg] eGg]af/]
;a}sf] cf–cfˆg} tf}/tl/sf, cWog jf
ljZn]if0f xf]nf . c?x¿sf] tf}/tl/sf,
cWog jf ljZn]if0faf/] af]Ng' hftL
gxf]nf . cfd ¿kdf b]lvPsf] wg
sdfpg] Pp6f tl/sf jf df]xsf af/]df
eg] s]xL rrf{ ug}{ knf{ aofg g+ – @
lagf >d wg sdfpg] / /ftf/ft ;s]
s/f]8ktL g;s] nvklt x'g] nfn;f
w]/s} f] x'g;S5, ;a}sf] gx'g ;S5 .
;lhnf] u/L wg sdfpg kfOg] /
dfnfdfn xf]Og] ePkl5 h:t} cfbz{sf
s'/f ug{n] klg Ps k6s ;f]Rg} k5{ jf
;f]Rg} k5{eGbf klg ;f]Rg} ;Sb}g / wgsf]
bnbndf p7\g} g;Sg] u/L efl;Psf
xfdLn] w]/n } fO{ b]vs ] f 5f}F . g]kfndf
of]eGbf %–^ jif{ klxn] wg sdfpg]
lkm/Gt] sfOnf] , kf] r { ' u n
l;4x:t d
Psflaxfg} bfx|L ;kmfr6\ kf/]kl5
d}n] cfˆgf] cg'xf/ P]gfdf lgofn]F . stf–
stf aLkL sf]O/fnf x'F ls h:tf] nfUof] .
bf]ifL rZdf n]Vg a;]sf sf]O/fnf h:tf .
cfFvfdf sfnf] laF8 ePsf] rZdf / uf]nf]
6fPsf]df efbufpFn] 6f]kL nufP/ x]/F]
stfstf dbg e08f/L h:tf] nfUof] .
h] xf]; dnfO{ nfUof] d Ps k|ltefzfnL
/fhgLltsdL{, n]vs, slj, ufos,
lgaGwsf/, ;dfh;]jL x'F . k|hftflGqs
;dfhjfb, ax'bnLo hgjfb, k|r08ky
oL ;a b'lgofFnfO{ pNn' agfpg] nkm8f
x'g\ eGg] nfu] klg d}n] tL jfbx¿nfO{
oyf;Dej ;Ddflgt ug]{ t u/]s} 5' .
cem dgsf] s'/fnfO{ dgd} bafP/
gLsn07n] h:tf] ljrf/ lkPsf] 5' .
o;/L ljrf/ lkpg s;n] ;S5 o;df
s;}n] z+sf ug{k' b}g{ . a? dnfO{ oL
g]kfnL ldqx¿;Fu stfstf emf]s F rn]/
cfpF 5 cfh;Dd klg dh:tf]
k|ltefzfnL JolStTjnfO{ bf];Nnf cf]9fP/
clegGbg ug{sf] ;f6f] lsg af6f3f6fdf
ab\VjfOF ub}{ lsg lxF8s ] f xf]nfg\ <
kf]xf]/;fnsf] s'/f] xf], s'g} of}6f atf;]
klqsfn] dnfO{ dfgj t:s/ ug{]
dxfbnfn eg]/ ab\VjfOF u¥of] . Pl;og
sNr/sf] sfo{qmddf afF;/' Ljfbgsf]
hf]8bf/ k|:t'lt u/]/ 8]/fdf s] kmls{Psf]
lyPF ?d d]6x¿ klqsf lkmhfP/
a;]sf . ltgn] ;f]em} rf]/ cf}n F f] uf8]/
d]/f] va/ b]vfP . emf]s F e} mf]s
F df sl6
o:t} nx/ rn]sf] lyof] . O–lahg]zsf
gfddf /ftf/ft s/f]8klt x'g] Tof] g;s]
nvklt sxLF ghf . o:tf ;:tf wg
sdfpg] nx/ w]/} klxn]bl] v g} rNb}
cfPsf] xf] . clxn] Tof] Oltxf;sf] k5fl8
klg gnfuf}F . To;tfsf Pd–j] /
uf]N8Sj]:6 gfdsf b'O{ cleofgsf] v'a}
rrf{ lyof] . Tof]eGbf klxn] g]kfnsf
kbf{ k5fl8sf /fhgLlts vngfos /
Jofkf/Lx¿sf] ldn]dtf]df ;+/If0f gfdsf]
o:t} uf]/vwGbfsf] ;'?jft ePsf] lyof] .
To;kl5 cGo To:tf cGo nvgf}F n'6sf]
yfngL ePsf] xf] . oL b'O{ /ftf/ft
nvklt x'g] ;kgfsf] v]ltaf6 s]–slt
g]kfnLsf] ;kgf t'lxof] s'g} olsg cfFs8f
t 5}g t/ xhf/f}F g]kfnLsf] s/f}8f}F ¿k}ofF
s]xL 6f7faf7fx¿n] ljb]zLsf] kf]N6fdf
k'¥ofPkl5 ;/sf/n] To;nfO{ k|ltaGw
nufPsf] lyof] . To;sf s]xL g]kfnL
gfOs], Ps ef/tLo / csf]{ Ps ;DejtM
o'/f]lkog kqmfp klg k/] . ltgnfO{
cbfntn] @ s/f]8 ^) nfv ¿k}ofFeGbf
w]/s
} f] a}bl] zs d'bf| ckrng u/]sf] /
xhf/f}F g]kfnL 7u]sf]df ;f] lauf] hl/jfgf
ug{] / h]n ;hfoF x'g' kg{ km};fnf ;d]t
uo{ t/ lhNnf cbfntsf] ;f] km};nf
k'g/fj]bgsf cGo @ GofofwLzsf] s[kfn]
% nfv w/f}6Ldf 5'6] . tL ljåfg\
GoofwLzHo"x¿sf] gfd clxn] d
;lDem/x]sf] 5'Og t/ cg'dfg u5{
sf]O/fnf / b]j o:t} s]xL x'g ;S5 .
tkfO{+ xfdL s] dfq Vofn ub}{ u/f}F eg]
b] z sf /fi6« k lt–pk/f:6« k lt,
k|wfgdGqL–dGqL, /fhb"t jf cGo o:t}
s]xL /fhgLlts lgo'lSt kfpg' x'g]
ljåfg\x¿sf] gfd . To;df ltg} s'g}
gfdx¿ kg{ ;S5 . ;f] 7uLsf o'/f]lkog
x'g ls egL cg'dfg ul/Psf ljb]zLsf]
lgwg ePsf] ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs
eO;s]sf] 5 . cGo sf]–sf], sxfF 5g\ /
s]–s] ub}5 { g ;f]af/] of] k+ltsf/nfO{
clxn] s'g} ;'Os F f] 5}g t/ klg Pp6f
ljåfg\ clxn] of] k+ltsf/sf] ;Demgfdf
5g\ . d]/f] ;Demgfdf /x]sf tL ljåfg\sf]
c;nL gfd s] xf] clxn] yfxf ePg t/
xfQLsf b]vfpg] / rkfpg] bfFt cnu
cnu eP h:t} logsf] Pp6f gfd
k|tLs 9sfn /x]5, clwlqmt:t/sf]
;/sf/L sd{rf/L . h;sf] k|tfkn] dnfO{
nfU5, d clxn] cd]l/sf cfOk'us ] f]
5' . oL ljåfg\nfO{ klg Pp6f ;/sf/n]
Pp6f lhNnfsf] /fhf agfP/ k7fPsf]
/x]5, Tof] cj;/df ;DejtM lo;nfO{
;DklQsf] df]x / hgtfsf] ;'/Iffaf/]
tTjaf]w ePsf] x'gk' 5{ . ha dfly
pNn]v nvgf}F n'6sf] af/]df ;dfrf/x¿
;fs{sf] cfwf af]tn ;vfk kf/]F . d
dfly eO/x]sf] ckdfgsf] abnfdf d}n]
Ps r/0f sljtf n]vF] zLif{ lyof] afF;/' L
/f]Psf] /ft . d}n] d]/f ;fnfx¿ NofPF,
d}n] c?sf ;fnfx¿ klg NofPF, d}n]
s]xL 6f9fsf / s]xL cs}s { f ;fnfx¿
NofPF, x'g t d klg, s;}sf] ;fnf] x',F
;fnfsf] OHht o;} klg x'Gg, t/
dxfOHhtjfnf klg s;}sf] ;fnf] t
cjZo x'G5, wGo Û d}n] d]/f] k};f vr{
u/]F, c?n] cfˆgf] k};f vr{ u/],
dGqLhLsf] l;kmfl/;df nfu]sf] le;fdf,
dflg;x¿n] dnfO{ bnfn elg/x]5g\,
d]/f] afF;/' L /f]Psf] of] /ft, d]/L >LdtL
s;/L ;'ltg\ xf]nf, lgb nfu]g ls <,
dh:tf] l;4x:t dfly, oqf] xdnf, x'g
t ;tLn] ;/fk]sf] b]z g} xf], oxfF h]
klg x'G5, d"bf{jfb d"bf{jfb, 7"nfa8fn]
af]n] klg sljtf x'G5 eg] d}n] n]vs ] f]
o:tf] hf]8bf/ sljtfsf] af/]df s] eGg'
jf:tjdf t:s/L eg]sf] s] xf] s]xL nfv
?lkofF vr{ u/]/ o'/f]k cfpg] / Nofpg]
s'/fnfO{ dfgj t:s/L eGg cln
;'xfpGg ls h:tf] dnfO{ nfU5 . ljlrq
s] eg] h;n] bnfnnfO{ k};f VjfP/
le;f nufPsf 5g\, ltg}n] dnfO{ bnfn
eg]sf 5g\ . jf:tjdf ufOFuO' F xf] k|df0f
gePsf] ljifodf dflg;x¿ To;} ;]nfP/
uOxfN5g\ . d]/f] ljifodf klg o:t} eof] .
s'/f] /Xof] d]/f] ;dfh;]jL rl/qsf] .
b]v–] hfg]s} s'/f] xf] d x/]s ;d:ofsf]
;dfwfg bf?df b]V5' . To;}n] bf? hLjg
k|sflzt eP oL ljåfg\n] of] k+ltsf/nfO{
;a}eGbf 7"nf] zq' b]v] . pgn] ;s]sf]
b08 lbnfpg t rfx]s} lyP t/ To:tf]
b08sf nflu lhNnfsf] rf]6] /fhfaf6 -
l;l8cf]_ aflxl/;s]sf] x'gfn] Tof] klg
;Dej ePg . To;}n] pgn] dnfO{ >fk
lbP, h'g >fksf] kl/0ffd d}n] b]z
lgsfnf x'g' k¥of] . pgsf] >fk t t]/f
;ft k':tf s'i6 /f]u nfu]/ s'lxPsf]
pgsf] cfˆg} cfFvfn] x]g{ lyof] . t/
eP5 s] eg] of] s'i6 /f]u g]kfndf
pkrf/ ;lsg] ePsfn] d}n] / d]/f k':tfn]
;f] /f]uaf6 kLl8t eP/ pgsf cufl8
s'lxg' eg] k/]g . of] ;Gbe{ klg clxn]nfO{
olt g} . oxfF dfq s] eg] b]zsf] Gofo
sfg'g / hgtfsf] lhp wgsf] ;'/Iffsf]
;+st] dfq xf] . aofg g+ # ca s'/f
u/f}F clnslt cd]l/sfsf] . dfly rrf{
ul/of], cd]l/sf cj;/ / :jtGqtfsf]
k|of]uzfnf xf] . of] k|of]uzfnfdf dflg;n]
b'Mv / d]xgtn] dfq k};f sdfpnf eGg]
nfu]sf] lyof] t/ oxfF To:tf cg]s v]n
x'g] /x]5, h;sf] clxn] rrf{ u/]/ ;fWo
5}g . h;/L g]kfndf O–lahg]zsf
gfddf nf6f ;f]emf hgtfnfO{ s]xL
6f7faf7f g]kfnLx¿n] nvklt aGg]
;kgfdf s/f]8f}F ljb]zLnfO{ a'emfP . To;/L
g} 3'Db} lkmb}{ ToxL /f]u oxfF klg /x]5 .
vf;u/L s]xL ef/tLo / aËfnLx¿sf]
cfZjf;g / k|ef]ngdf g]kfnLx¿ klg
of] /ftf/ft nvktL x'g] nvgf}F n'6sf]
k5fl8 s'6g\ ' ePsf] /x]5 . of] s'bfO{df
Pshgf ;fyLn] dnfO{ klg bf}8fpg vf]Hg'
eof] . ;fyLeGbf klg tL efO w]/} jif{kl5
Tof] klg cd]l/sfdf e]6 x'bF f h'g pT;fx
/ /dfOnf] dx;'; ePsf] lyof], clxn]
Ps ;fn k"/f laTof] xfdL b'O{ efOaLr
s;}nfO{ Pscsf{sf] cQf]kQf] 5}g . tL
efOn] of] bf}8df nfu]/ /fd|f] g} u/]sf]
s'/f ;–uj{ atfO/xFbf dnfO{ g]kfnsf]
;Demgf dgdf gflr/GYof] . s'/} s'/fdf
tL ;fyLsf] kl5 nfu]/ Pp6f s'g} c1ft
7fpFdf k'us ] f] lyPF, ToxfF t c? cfwf
bh{g g]kfnLx¿ Û d nfh 3Lg / 8/n]
kfgL–kfgL ePsf] lyPF . t/ Tof] gf6s
kl5 d Tof] ;Dks{sf 5}g t/ obfsbf
To:tf cGo kmf]g cfO/xG5 / /ftf/ft
s'g} b'Mv s:6 gu/L dfnfdfn x'g]
;kgfsf] JofVof ;'? x'G5 . Ps lbg
Pshgf efph"n] ;'gfpg' eof], % jif{
klxn] Pshgf ;fyLsf] nx}–nx}df nfu]/
# ;o 8n/ lt/]/ kfPsf ;fdfg clxn]
klg 3/df k;f/f] k/]/ a;]sf 5g\ .
Toqf] k};f lt/]/ kfPsf] ;fdfg s'g} sfd
nfUg] ePgg\ . Ps lbg xfdL $–% hgf
;fyL;Fu} al;/x]sf a]nf ;a}sf] kmf]gdf
/ ;dfh;]jfsf] cleGg ;DaGw 5 .
dhfn] k};f kf]sf] kfg{ clg cfkt–ljkt
kbf{ dnfO{ bf}8fP/ pN6f] ufnL ug]{ oL
d]/f ldq g} :jfyL{ x'g\ . jlsn nufP e}
uf] lg . nkm8f kbf{ d ge} gx'g] ePkl5
d ;dfh;]jL eOg . cl:tsf] ef]hdf
xfgfxfg eof], d ge} ldl6ª 6'lF uPg . d
ge} ef]h ;'? ePg . clg s] cflv/
d]/f] Eofn' sd /x]5 t Û P ;fFRrL
sljtfsf] rrf{ ub}{ lyPF . d]/f ck|sflzt
/rgfx¿ t slt–slt . Pp6f dxfsfJo
klg tof/ 5 . dxfsfJosf] k"/f Kn6
tof/ 5 . zAbx¿ klg, vfnL n]Vg
dfq} afFsL 5 . ck|sflzt eg]/ 7"nfa8fn]
b'lgofF lbjfgf n]Vg x'g] ePkl5 d cgfyn]
klg ePsf] s'/f] eGg t kfpg} k¥of] .
d]/f] dxfsfJosf] zLif{ xf] k"mndfofsf]
r'N7f] . k"mndfofsf] r'N7f] eg]sf] ufpFsL
k"mndfof xf]Og . k"mn / dfofsf] ;+ud .
r'N7f] eg]sf] rflxF lxdz[v + nf xf] . afFsL
s'/f hfGg k':ts g} s'g'{ knf{ . ;+uLtsf]
;Gbe{df d z'/ jfbs x'F . z"/ jfbs
eg]sf] z"/fdf z'/ r9]kl5 h:tf] s'/fnfO{
klg ;+uLt agfOlbg ;Sg] d]/f] v'aL
xf] . tanf 76fpg] d"nf hfls/ x';g} ,
/futfgjfnf g';/t kmt]x cln vfg t
d]/f cufl8 e';g' f a/fa/ . z"/n] r'/
ePsf] emf]s F df sfhtkq /fv]sf] 6Lgsf]
afs; 7f]s/] d}n] sfnL /fusf] /rgf
u/]F . sfnL /fu eg]sf] sfnL u08sL
;';fP/ aUbf 9'Ëfdf 7f]lSsFbf clg km]l/
zLtn x'bF f cfpg] /fu xf] . arkgdf
k6s–k6s ToxL nvktL x'g] ;kgfsf]
kmf]g kfn}–kfnf] cfof] . s'/f a'‰b} hfFbf
o:tf] wGbfsf k5fl8 s]xL dlg; lgSs}
;lqmo eP/ nfu]sf /x]5g\ / gofF
lrghfg ePsf hf] s;}sf k5fl8
pgLx¿ lgSs} hf]8 lbP/ lk5f nfUg]
/x]5g\ . s'/f ub}{ hfFbf yfxf eof], of]
/ftf/ft lagf d]xgt / nufgL nvktL
x'g] ;kgfsf] v]tLaf6 c? w]/} ;fyLx¿
klg ;tfOg' ePsf] /x]5 . o:tf] 36gf
/ ;Gbe{af6 tkfO{+ c?x¿ sltsf]
k|eflat x'gx' G' 5 dnfO{ yfxf 5}g t/
x'gx' G' 5 eg] s] ;xL / unt 5'6o\ fpg'
xf]nf x} . afFsL aofg ljBf 7"nf] ls
wg < ufpF /fd|f] ls ;x/ < hf8f] dg
k5{ ls udL{ < ljBfnodf kbf{ o:tf
ljifodf jfbljjfb x'g] u/]sf] lyof] .
o:tf sfo{qmdx¿df sltko cj:yfdf
cfk"mnfO{ dg kg]{ Pp6f ljifo t/ ax;
ug{k' g]{ csf{ ljifo klg x'g] uYof]{ .
;a}nfO{ dg kg]{ ljBf t/ rflxg] wg .
d klg ljBfsf] dlxgfaf/] g} rrf{ ug{
dg k/fpFy] . Pstfsf xfO:s'nsf]
leQfdf laBf g} wg xf] eg]/ n]lvof] .
To;kl5 eg] d]/f] ljrf/df csf{ s'/f
klg yKg dg nfUof] . laBf g} wg xf]
t/ dnfO{ ;DklQ b]pm . cfhef]ln
laBfnox¿df jfbljjfb / xflh/L hjfkm
k|ltof]lutf sltsf] x'G5g\ yfxf 5}g t/
xfd|f kfnfdf of] k|z:t} x'g] uYof]{ .
cfhef]ln cGtfIf/L, Eofn]06 ;f] o:t}
s]–s] hftL x'g] u/]sf] ;'lgG5 . laBf g}
wg xf] t/ dnfO{ ;DklQ b]pm . w]/}
kl5;Dd d]/f] k':ts / sfkLx¿df of]
gf/f /lx/Xof] . t/ g ;DklQ sdfpg]
;f]rn] slxn] 5f]of] g t hdfpg] ;f]rn]
;tfof] . sdfpFb} gsdfpg]n] hdfpg' s]
kf] kYof]{ / < ;DklQsf] of] df]x g lxhf] g}
plt w]/} nfu]sf] lyof] g clxn] g} t/
klg …laBf g} wg xf] t/ dnfO{ ;DklQ
b]pm .Ú laBfnob]lv sn]h cfOk'Ubf;Dd
of] gf/f lnP/ d s'lb/x]F . of] s'/f o:t}
g} xf] . of] d]/f] lghL s'/f xf] . d]/f] lghL
g} ;xL t/ tkfO{x+ ¿ ;a}sf] -w]/s } f]_
;fd'lxs s'/f klg t x'g ;S5 lg Û d
;f]Rb} lyPF, zflGt vf]Hg' knf{ . t/ zflGt
sxfF / s;/L vf]Hg] xf]nf eg]/ bf]af6f]df
ple/x]sf] a]nf of] csf]{ ;Gbe{n] 7\ofKk
;dfTof] / otf kl§ gnfuL x'bF } ePg .
d]/f] zflGt vf]Hg] nfn;f eg] d/]sf] 5}g
t/ tkfO{+ hf] d]/f ;dfb/0fLo lj1
kf7sx¿ x'gx' G' 5, d tkfO{x+ ¿sf] klg
;xof]u rfxG5' . tkfO{O+ x¿ klg s]xL t
af]Ng' k¥of] . tkfO{O+ x¿n] klg d'v vf]Ng'
k¥of] . nf6f] dflg; af7f] ag]/ asas
u/]sf] slt x]g{ x'G5 <
u08sLsf] lsgf/df afv|f r/fpg hfFbf
/fusf] hu a;]sf] lyof] cfh of] klZrdL
;dfhdf To;sf] k|:km'6g ePsf] xf] .
dflg;x¿ jflxoft 5g\ . ltgL cfkmFn } ]
s]xL ub}g{ g\ clg c?nfO{ s]xL ug{ klg
lbGgg\ . To;}n] h] ug]5{ ljj]sn] ug{k' 5{
eGg] 7fg]/} d}n] nSs' hjfgLd} lax] u/]sf]
lyPF . a"9Ldfp u08sLsf] lt/df afv|f
r/fpg hfFbf d]/f] /fudf nxl;PsL .
VofnVofndf hGd]sf] h]7f] 5f]/f] hGt/]
tfn k/] /fu xfNb} xf]nf . d]/f] /fudf
n¶ x'gs ] f] ln:6 t nfd} 5 t/ df]/L
hGt/]sL cfdf o;f] x]5{ >Lb]jL h:tL
nfU5] . cem glhsaf6 x]5{ dnfO{ nfU5
df]gfln;f gfdsL leGrLsL t?gL klg
o;sf] cufl8 uf]kLofFr x'G5] efO . lbg
b'ug' f /ftrf}ug' f d]/f] k|d] sf] nx/f]
emfFlub}–emfFlub} sfnLu08sLaf6 z'?
eP/ cgGt;Dd k'Uof] . kl/0fltdf
lgl:sof] hGt/] . ;f]xL ;dosf] k|d] /
/f;lnnfaf6 hlGdPsf] d]/f] sfnL /fun]
atfpg]5 ;a} s'/f ;'Gg dfq} k5{ .
cem} klg s;}nfO{ z+sf nfU5 eg]
nflu/xf];\ . l;4x:t x'g of]eGbf c?
s] rl/qsf] vfFrf] kb{5 < ofb /xf];\
;Nnfx / ;xdltn] x'g] ljifodf s;}n]
cf}n
F f] 7Dofpg' ljns'n d]/f] lghL
clwsf/dflysf] xdnf x'g5 ] . ho xf];\
l;4x:t d]/f] . tkfOFx¿n] gu/]/ s]
ef] < d d]/f ldqd08nLx¿nfO{ vfbf
lsGg nufP/ eP klg cfkm}n F ] ug]5
{ '
cfˆgf] clegGbg . ho l;4x:t d .
@)^& ;fn c;f/ @) ut] cfOtaf/
g]kfnL ;flxTosf] rl/q / sfo{ef/
/fds'df/ l8;L
ha of] a|Xdf08sf] gjhLjg dxfsNkdf s]xL 9]8'afFb/sf] pTklQ
eof] . tL 9]8a' fFb/nfO{ cfk|mgf] hLjg lgjf{xsf] nflu cfxf/fsf] cfjZostf
kg{ yfNof] . To;kl5 pgLx¿ cfk"m lhpgsf] nflu ljleGg lsl;dsf
sfdx¿ ug{ yfn] . ljleGg lsl;dsf h+unL hgfj/x¿sf] lzsf/ ug]{,
ljleGg lsl;dsf hl8a'6L sGbd'n / Eofs'/x¿ ;+sng u/]/ vfg yfn] .
o;sf] lglDt pgLx¿n] w]/} kl/>d ug{k' ¥of] . ;do ljQ} hfFbf gjhLjg
dxfsNkdf g} 9]8a' fFb/x¿af6 ljsl;t eP/ dflg;sf] pTklQ eof] . oxL
k|frLg dfgjx¿sf] pTklQ b]lvg} g]kfnL ;flxTosf] k|f/De eof] . oBkL
Tof] jt{dfg h:tf] ljsl;t ;flxTo lyPg . Tof] k|frLg ;flxTo lyof] .
dfly oL s'/fx¿ cfO;s]sf] ;Gbe{df ca k|Zg p7\5 ;flxTo eg]sf]
s] xf] < ;flxTosf] zflAbs kl/efiff cem;Dd klg nfUg ;s]sf] 5}g .
ljleGg ;dodf ljleGg lsl;dsf ;flxTosf/ Pj+ ljåfgx¿n] ljleGg
cy{n] ;flxTonfO{ kl/eflift u/]sf 5g\ . ;flxTonfO{ s;}n] JolQmdf uPsf]
snf eg]sf 5g\ eg] s;}n] dgsf OR5f k|s6 ug]{ ;fwg eg]sf 5g\ .
h;n] h] eg]klg ;du|df eGg'kbf{ ;flxTo eg]sf] dflg;sf ef]ufO{, efjgf,
cg'ej / ljrf/x¿ snfTds 9+un] cleJoQm ug]{ Pp6f z}nL xf] h;dfkm{t
dflg;n] cfk|mgf ef]ufO{, cg'ej, efjgf, ljrf/, k/Dk/f / l/tLl/jfhx¿nfO{
snfTds Pj+ ;f}Gbof{Tds z}nLaf6 JoQm ug]{ u5{g\ . g]kfndf klg ;flxTo
k|frLg ¿kdf w]/} klxn]bl] v z'?jft ePklg cfw'lgs ;flxTo z'? ePsf]
w]/} ePsf] 5}g . g]kfnL e"ld klg ;flxTosf] nflu Ps pj{/ e"ld dflGfG5 .
ca oxfF klg w]/} ;flxTosf/ hlGd;s]sf 5g\ / w]/} ;flxTosf] klg hGd
eO;s]sf] 5 . o; b[li6n] x]bf{ d'ntM ;flxTosf] nflu g]kfnL e"ld pj{/ e"ld
xf] . g]kfnL ;flxTosf] af/]df s]xL a'em\ gsf] nflu g]kfnL ;flxTosf ljz]iftf
cyjf rl/qnfO{ a'em\ g'k5{ . g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ rfl/lqs b[li6sf]0fn] lgofNbf
d"ntM g]kfnL ;flxTo b'O{ rl/qsf] 5 .
k| u ltzLn ;flxTo
k|ultzLn ;flxTon] ;dfhsf] cu|udgnfO{ cfTd;fy u/]sf] x'G5 .
o;n] d'ntM åGåfTds ef}ltsjfbdf ljZjf; u5{ / o;n] ef}ltsjfbsf]
k|rf/ ub{5 . of] ;flxTon] ;dfhsf] ¿kfGt/0f, kl/jt{g / cu|udg
rfxg] ePsfn] ljz]iftM k|ultjfbsf] k[i7 kf]if0f u/]sf] x'G5 . of]
oyfl:yltjfbsf] k|v/ lj/f]wL klg x'g] ePsf]n] o;n] kl/jt{g lj/f]wL
zlQmk|lt cfk|mgf] xltof/ k6\sfpF5 . g]kfndf k|ultzLn ;flxTosf/ w]/}
5g\ / k|ultzLn ;flxTo klg w]/} 5 . of] ;flxTon] d'ntM ul/vfg] ju{sf]
lxtdf snd rnfpg] ePsf] xF'bf of] ;flxlTos ju{ ;De|fGt / x'g]vfg]
ju{sf] lj/f]w ub{5 . g]kfndf k|ultzLn ;flxTosf/ ePs} sf/0f s}of}
n]vs, ;h{s ;flxTosf/ d[To'sf] x'gk' /]sf] 5 . sof}n] cfk|mgf] xft u'dfpg'
k/]sf] 5 . s}of}n] cfk|mgf ljrf/x¿nfO{, /rgfx¿nfO{ cfkm}df s}b ug{k' /]sf]
cj:yf xf] / of] kl/jt{gsf] lgod lj?4 5 . h] ePtfklg g]kfndf
k|ultzLn ;flxTosf] nflu pj{/e"ld 5 . o;sf z'elrGts w]/} 5g\ .
a' h ' { j f ;flxTo
of] g]kfnL ;flxTosf] csf]{ rl/q xf] . o;n] d'ntM ;gftg s'/fx¿nfO{
k[i7kf]if0f ub{5 / o;n] cfk"mnfO{ O{Zj/k|lt ;d{lkt ub{5 . d'ntM o;n]
cfk"mnfO{ kl/jt{g lj/f]wL kIfs} ¿kdf pEofpF5 . o;n] d'ntM n]vgsf
nflu n]vgdfq ub{5 . o;n] ;dfhnfO{ klxn] h:tf] lyof], clxn] h:tf]
5 ToxL ¿kdf /fVg rfxG5 . Tof] eGbf cfk"mnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg rfxFbg} .
o;n] kl/jt{gnfO{ gfsfdsf] gf6ssf] ¿kdf a'e\mb5 . of] ;flxTosf]
snd rnfpg] klg g]kfndf w]/} 5g\ . o;n] cfk|mgf] ;fdGt ju{sf]
cl:tTj/Iffsf] lglDt s]lGb|t x'g] xF'bf k|ultzLnx¿ o;sf afws aGb5g\
/ k|ultzLnn] klg o;nfO{ afws b]V5g\ . of] ;flxTosf] d'Vo sfd of]
;dfhnfO{ oxL cj:yfdf /flv/fVgsf] nflu cgfjZos n]v]/ o;n]
;dfhnfO{ e'nfpg] sfd klg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L x]bf{ a'h{'jf ;flxTo
k'/fg} dfGotf k'/fg} lrGtg k'/fg} ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu elu/y
k|oTg ul//x]sf] x'G5 / Tof] sfd clxn] klg of] ;flxTo / To;sf ;h{sx¿n]
ul//fv]sf 5g\ .
cfufdL sfo{ e f/
g]kfnL ;flxTo d'ntM oL b'O{kIfdf ljeflht eP/ Pp6f åGå ;[hgf
x'g'afx]s c? s]xL x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ca ;flxTo s]jn n]vgsf] nflu,
hLjg lgjf{xsf] nflu / k};fsf] nflu dfq} x'g' xF'b}g . ;flxTo k9]/
cfgGb lng] dfq} x'g' xF'b}g . xfdLn] ljZj ;flxlTos Oltxf;nfO{ x]¥of}
eg] ;+;f/df /x]sf] h:tf];'s} tfgfzfx klg af}l4s qmflGt, ;flxlTos
qmflGtaf6 lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sf] Oltxf; 5 . n]vgn] pynk'yn NofP/
7"nf–7"nf ;Qf kl/jt{g af}l4s qmflGtaf6} ePsf 5g\ . t;y{ ca
g]kfnsf] ;flxTo g]kfnL n]vg klg tfgfzfx 9fNg], /fHo;Qf kl/jt{g
u/L hgtfsf] /fHo;Qf lgdf{0f ug]{ ljBdfg cg}lts, c/fhg}lts /
;fdflhs ;+:s[ltdf g}ltstf hgdt ;fdflhs d"No dfGotf :yfkgf
ub}{ Pp6f ;'Gb/ zfGt g]kfn lgdf{0f ug{ g]kfnL ;flxTo lgb]{lzt x'g'k5{
/ dfq g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ;fy{stf ;fljt x'g]5 .
pk;+ x f/
;flxTo ;flxTodf dfq ;Lldt x'g'xF'b}g . dgf]/~hg / k};f sdfpg]
cv8fsf] ¿kdf ;flxTo ;[hgf ul/g' xF'b}g . ;flxTon] ;a} dflg;sf]
lrGtgdf sDkg Nofpg'k5{ / klxn]sf] eGbf km/s tl/sfaf6 ;f]Rg]
dflg; tof/ ub}{, ;dfhdf pynk'yn / sfofkn6 Nofpg'k5{ . h;af6
jt{dfg hglj/f]wL /fHo;Qfsf] :yfkgf eO{ Pp6f gofF hgjfbL /fHo;Qfsf]
:yfkgf xf];\, hxfF hgtf g} /fHo;Qfsf dflns x'G5g\ .
@)^& ;fn c;f/ @) ut] cfOtaf/
;Sb}g . o;sf] nflu xfd|f] ;+u7gsf]
ckf·===
af]s]/ c:ktfn NofPsL x' pgn]
elgg\ . 6fpsf] !@ 6fsf nfu]sf
kxn /xG5 . xfdLn] lzIffdf ah]6
P]/LnfO{ j}t8L lhNnf c:ktfnn]
cfk"mx¿n] yk pkrf/ ug{ g:fSg] /
6fPsf]df uDeL/ rf]6 nfu]sf] eGb}
ef/t l/km/ u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿
klxn]bl] v g} ufpFdf dfcf]jfbL lj?4
ultljlw ub}{ cfPsf] atfO{Psf] 5 .
pgLx¿n] ^^ d+l;/df dfcf]jfbL lhNnf
;b:o ts{/fh e§ k|sf08nfO{ dfg]{
k|of; u/]sf lyP . dfcf]jfbL ;b:o
k|sf08n] pgLx¿n] Hofg dfg]{ k|of;
u/]sf] eGb} tLg} hgfsf gfddf d'bb\ f
xfn]sf lyP . ToxL d'b\bfdf tLg
hgfsf] hLt ePk5L xfdLn] d'b\bf
hLTof} eGb} s'6lk6 u/]sf] kLl8tn]
jtfP . o;} l jr Hofg dfg] {
k|of;cGt{ut d'2f k|zf;gn] btf{ ug{
c:jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . of] ;fdfGo 36gf
xf] o;nfO{ xfdL btf{ ug{ ;Sb}gf}F eg]/
k| z f;gaf6 k9fOlbP dfcf] j fbL
a}t8L lhNnf ;b:o ch'{g /fgfn]
eg] . ptf PsLs[ t g] s kf
dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf OGrfh{ uf]kfn
rGbn] 36gfaf/] cfk"m / cfkm\gf] kf6L{
uDeL/ ePsf] jtfpg'ePsf] 5 .
hglbzf b}lgssf ;+jfbbftf;Fu s'/f
ub}{ O{Grfh{ rGbn] k|lt/Iffsf nflu
cfk"mx¿ klg ;f]lr/x]sf] jtfpg'eof] .
k| z f;gn] bf] l ifnfO{ kqmfp ul/
cfjZos sfjf{xL gu/] cfk"mx¿ r'k
gnfUg] r]tfjgL ;d]t dfcf]jfbLn]
lbPsf] 5 .
ljsNk====
tTsfn ljsNk lbg'k5{ xf]Og eg]
k|df0fkq tx s'g} klg xfntdf x6fpg
glbg] eGg} ;a} ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] Pp6}
cjfh /x]sf] 5 .
) k| ; + u abnf} F , ljBfyL{
;+ u 7gx¿n] z} l Ifs d' 2 feGbf
Hofbf /fhgLlts d ' 2 f
p7fPsf] cf/f] k 5 lg <
;Dk"0f{ d'2f eg]sf] /fhgLlt d'2f
xf] . /fhgLlts d' 2 fsf] lgsf;
gkfpFbf;Dd b]zn] slt w]/} b'Mv kfpF5
eGg] s'/f ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLnfO{ yfxf g}
5 . xfdL of] d'ns ' sf] ljBfyL{ dfq
geP/ ;r]t gful/s klg xf}F .
To;sf/0f xfdL z}lIfs d'2f;Fu;Fu}
/fhgLlts d'2f klg p7fpF5f}F . ljBfyL{
;+u7gx¿n] /fhgLlts d'2f dfq
p7fpF5g\ eGg] s'/fdf ;Totf 5}g .
) tkfO{ + x ¿n] lghL ljBfnosf]
z' N s 36fpg] eg] / nfdf]
;do cfGbf]ng klg ug'{eof],
t/ nfu" ePg lg <
xfdLn] lghL ljBfnosf] z'Nssf]
;Gbe{df cleefjs, ljBfyL{, lzIfs
To;sf nufgLstf{x¿aLr /fHo
kIfsf] ;d]t pkl:yltdf 5nkmn
u¥of}F . To; 5nkmndf xfdL dgkl/
9Ën] z' N s ga9fpg] ;xdltdf
k'u]sf 5f}F . clxn] pQm ;xdltsf]
pNn+3g ul/Psf] 5 . To;sf] lj?4
xfdL l5§} ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd NofpF5f}F .
) olb lqe' j g ljZjljBfnon]
lagf ljsNk k| d f0fkq tx
x6fof] eg] tkfO{ + x ¿ s;/L
cufl8 a9\ g ' x ' G 5 <
xfdLn] :ki6¿kdf eGb} cfPsf
5f}F ls k|df0fkq tx / b; hf]8
b'O{df Ps ;fy egf{ vf]Ng'k5{ .
Pp6fdf cl3 csf]d{ f kl5 ug{ kfOFbg} .
k|df0fkq txdf egf{ gvf]hL bz hf]8
b'O{df egf{ v'Nof] eg] xfdL lghL
ljBfno aGbsf] 3f]if0ff u/]/ cufl8
a9\5f}F .
) tkfO{ + x ¿sf] ;+ u 7g nfdf]
;dob] l v g] k fnsf] lzIffdf
cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] nflu n8\b}
cfPsf] 5 cfufdL lbgx¿df
s;/L cufl8 a9\ g ' x ' G 5 <
olta]nf d'ns ' bf];fFwdf plePsf]
5 . /fHosf] k'g;{+{/rgf u/]/ cufl8
a9\g] ls oyfl:yltdf /xg] b'Oj{ 6f
d'2f dfq 5 . lzIff If]qdf klg of]
d'2f nfu" x'G5 . lzIffnfO{ ax';+Vos
hgtfsf] kx' F r df k' ¥ ofpg' k 5{ .
lzIffnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo agfpg'k5{ .
lzIffn] a]/f]huf/ pTkfbg ug]{ xf]Og,
:jb] z df /f] h uf/ l;h{ g f ug{
;Sg' k 5{ . oL xfd| f tTsfnsf
sfo{;r " Lx¿ x'g\ . xfdL olta]nf gofF
;+ljwfg;Fu} gofF g]kfn lgdf{0fsf]
cleofgdf 5f} F . z} l Ifs d' 2 fdf
;+ljwfg geP;Dd gofF g]kfn aGg
j[l4sf] dfu ul//x]sf 5f}F . To;sf]
nflu xfdLn] cy{ dGqfnodf 1fkgkq
a'emfO;s]sf 5f}F eg] l5§} lzIff
dGqfnodf klg 1fkgkq a'emfpFb5 } f}F .
) cGTodf cfdqmflGtsf/L
ljBfyL{ x ¿nfO{ o;
klqsfdfkm { t \ s] eGg
rfxg' x ' G 5 <
o'jfx¿ /fi6«sf] kx/]bf/;Fu;Fu}
gofF eljio lgdf{0fsf] kxnstf{ klg
xf] . of] klqsfn] o'jf ljBfyL{nfO{
hfu[t ug{sf] lglDt ;sf/fTds
e"ldsf lgjf{x ul//x]sf] 5 / cfufdL
lbg klg o;}u/L, cufl8 a9\b} hfcf];\
eGg rfxG5' .
zflGt===
agfO/x]sf] 5 . c?n] lkmFhfPsf]
k|b"if0fsf] lzsf/ PsLs[t g]skf -
dfcf]jfbL_ klg aGb}5 . of] /fhgLlts
k|b"if0faf6 d'lQm kfpgsf nflu km]l/
klg ljZj;gLo ;xofqLx¿sf] vf]hL
ul/g}k5{ . 3ft÷k|lt3ftn] xf]Og,
ljZjf;af6 dfq ;a}sf] dg lhTg
;lsG5 . ;a} bnx¿df /fhgLlts
Odfgbfl/tfsf] a9L cfjZostf 5 .
Pp6f /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ljZj;gLo
;+:sf/sf] ljsf; ug]{ dxfg\ cj;/
klg olta]nf k|fKt ePsf] 5 . lxhf]sf
cljZjf; / czf+sfx¿nfO{ gofF 9Ë]
;+Zn]if0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5 . ;a}n]
cf–cfˆgf bDe, cx+sf/ / dgf]ut
a'emfOx¿nfO{ k'glj{rf/ / ;dLIff
ug'{kg]{5 .
vf;vf; cj;/x¿sf] ;b'kof]u
jf b'¿kof]un] /fi6«sf] Oltxf;nfO{
k|efljt u5{ . lglZrt}¿kdf of]
Pp6f lg0ff{os / P]ltxfl;s cj;/
klg x'g ;S5– /fli6«o ;xdlt jf
lg/Gt/ c;xdlt < eGg] ljifodf .
km]l/ klg ax'dtLo v]ndf hfg'
bnx¿sf] c;kmntf / cb'b{lz{tf g}
x'g]5 . jf:tjdf g]kfnL /fhgLlt
cgf}7f] / hl6n df]8df 5 . g t
oxfFsf w|j' Ls/0fx¿ s'g} ;}4flGts /
j}rfl/s ;fk]Iftfdf cfwfl/t 5g\ g
t /fli6«otfnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ g}
ePsf 5g\ . vfnL gfkmf–gf]S;fgsf
cfwf/df clg abnf / k|ltzf]wsf]
rfxgfx¿sf] d] n sf cfwf/df
;dLs/0fx¿ aGg] ;Defjgf a9L g}
3fts 5g\ . g t oxfF
jfdkGyLx¿aLrsf] Pstf ;Dej 5
g t j}b]lzs x:tIf]k jf /fli6«o
:jfwLgtfsf] ljifodf ;a}sf] :ki6
df]rf{aGbL g} 5 . ;dLs/0fx¿ s;/L
/ s]sf nflu clg sf];Fu agfpg]
eGg] ljifo hl6n / cGof]nu|:t 5 .
x'Fbfx'Fbf slxn]sfxLF zq' / ldq
5'6\ofpg ufx|f] x'g] clg slxn] t
ldqldq klg 5'6\ofpg ufx|f] x'g]
hl6ntfsf] ljsf; x'bF 5 } . ldqtfk"0f{
x'g'kg]{ n8fOF zq'tfk"0f{ x'g;Sg]
vt/faf6 ;a} ;hu x'g' h?/L 5 .
36gfqmdnfO{ cfˆgf] dfq sf]0faf6
x]g]{ k|j[lQn] g]t[Tjsf] prfOnfO{
36fpFb5 . xfd|f] h:tf] /fhgLltsf]
Pp6f k|j[lQ x'G5, cf/f]k–k|Tof/f]ksf]
/0fgLlt . cfˆgf uNtL / sdhf]/L
g:jLsfg]{ t/ bf]if c?nfO{ yf]kg]{ .
csf]{ uDeL/ vt/f klg 5, clnslt
wSsf nfUof] ls g]tT[ jsf] 5]bg ug]{ .
lglZrt 5, PsLs[t g]skf -
dfcf]jfbL_ olta]nf rf}tkmL{ cfqmd0fsf]
lzsf/ ag]sf] 5 . kf6L{nfO{ alnof]
agfpg] xf] eg] g]tT[ j hgtfdf :yflkt
x'g'k5{ . hgtfsf] cf:yf, ljZjf; /
cfd>4fsf] kfq aGg}k5{ . hgtfsf]
cfbz{ / gd' g f rLhsf] vf] h L
ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;a}sf ;fd"lxs Tofu
/ alnbfgnfO{ hgtfn] d"Nof+sg
ul//x]sf 5g\ . dxfg\ JolQm s]jn
cfhsf nflu dfq n8\b}g, ef]lnsf]
;'Gb/ ;kgfsf nflu pm cfh ;lxb
aGg, alnbfg ug{ / cfjZos kbf{
alnsf] af]sf] aGg klg tof/ x'G5 .
;xL ;dodf ;xL lg0f{ o /
kxbsb\dLaf6 k5fl8 x6\g] sf]/f
cfbz{n] klg xfdLnfO{ uGtJodf
k'¥ofpg ;Sb}g . PsLs[t g]skf -
dfcf]jfbL_ n] lsg lhTg] 5 eg] o;df
Ps;]Ps j}1flgs g]tfx¿ 5g\ .
;fd"lxsLs/0f / juL{o lxtsf cfwf/df
;a} rn]sf 5g\ . ju{;3+ if{nfO{ s]Gb|df
/fVbf;Dd of] kf6L{df IfoLs/0f
;Defjgf 5}g . g]kfnL qmflGtsf] nflu
Ps dfq cfzf, e/f];fsf] s]Gb| ag]sf]
ck/fwsf] b'lgof“df
dlxnfx¿ s f] laulauL
sf7df8f}F . ck/fwsf] b'lgofFdf
dlxnfx¿sf] k|e'Tj a9\b} uO/x]sf]
tYo k|sfzgdf cfPsf] 5 . b'lgofF
e/df dlxnf u}+u:6f/x¿sf] ;+Vof
!#@,))) af6 a9] / ^^),)))
k'u]sf] 5 . o; cWoogaf6 a]nfot
tyf cd]l/sfdf x'g] u/]sf] ;+ul7t
ck/fw ;d"xx¿df dlxnfx¿sf]
;fem]bf/L @% b]lv %) k|ltzt;Dd
/x]sf] b]lvG5 . ck/fwsf] If]qdf
dlxnfx¿sf] k|e'Tjdf j[l4 b]lvP
tfklg logLx¿n] aGb'ssf] k|of]u eg]
5 . sy+sbflrt g]tfx¿ lalu|xfn]
eg] klg s]xL jif{ hgtfn] cljZjf;
ug]{ 5}gg\ . o:tf] ;'Gb/ hgljZjf;nfO{
kf6L{n] hf]ufO/fVg'kg]5{ . cfTd;dk{0f
/ ;Demf}tfaf6 5}g, ;+3if{af6 kf6L{
cufl8 a9f];\ / km]l/ Ps k6s
;xdltsf ;fy ;a}sf] g]t[Tj u/f];\
eGg] hgck]Iff 5 .
jg===
kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ psf:g] / gfhfoh
¿kdf hËn km8fgL u/fpg k|fT] ;fxg
lbg] sfo{ ePsfn] o; lhNnfsf]
klZrdL If]qsf ;fd'bflos jg If]qdf
jg sfof{nos} ;lqmotfdf w]/} ab\df;L
eO/x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . jg sfof{nosf
kl/kqsf 7f8f] cfb]zdf ;'g;/Lsf]
zÍ/j]nL, cdfxf, ;'g;/L ;fd'bflos
jg If]qdf 7"nf] kl/df0fdf ax'd"No
sf7x¿ hËnaf6 lgsfn]/ 3f6u2L
u/]sf] km]nf k/]sf 5g\ eg] tL sf7
hËnaf6 lgsfNbf jg sfof{non]
6fFrf;d]t nufpg] k|of; gu/]sf]
kfOPsf] 5 . ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Stf
;ldlt xfF;kf];sf cWoIf ?b| a:g]tn]
klg sltko ;fd'bflos jgdf lhNnf
jg sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx¿n] 7f8f]
x:tIf]k ug{] u/]sf] :jLsf/ ug{ xF'b}
ljleGg jxfgfafhLdf hËn ljgf;
ug]{ sfo{df /fhgLlts bn / :jod\
;/sf/L lgsfo ;lqmo eO/x]sf]
atfpg'eof] . rt/f If]qdf eg] o;
lhNnfdf ;~rflnt tLg 7"nf sTyf
pBf] u x¿ ;fd' b flos jgsf
kbflwsf/Lx¿nfO{ nfesf] k|nf]eg
b]vfP/ vo/ ljgf; ug{ cleofg g}
rnfPsf] klg k|z:t pbfx/0f b]Vg
kfOG5 . pgLx¿n] sf];Lsf] hndfu{
eP/ kxf8L lhNnfx¿ ef] h k' / ,
wgs' 6 f, pbok' / / vf] 6 fª
lhNnflt/sf ;fd'bflos jg km8fgL
u/fP/ vo/ Nofpg] u/]sf] kfOPsf]
5 . oxL qmddf hËn km8fgL ug{ /
dxTjk"0f{ jg k}bfj/ cj}w ¿kdf
s6fg / lgsf;L ug{ xf] eg]
;fd'bflos jgx¿s} ;lqmotfdf
x/fe/f aGb} u/]sf] hËn k"/} phf8
x'g ;Sg] vt/f a9]/ uPsf] h+un;Fu
;/f]sf/ /fVg]x¿n] Jofks ¿kdf
u'gf;f] ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .
l/rfh{===
ul/Psf] x'nfs ;"rgf s]Gb|n] ;d]t
l/rfh{ ;]jf lbg g;s]sf sf/0f
pkef]Stf df/df k/]sf x'g\ . k]bfª
x'nfs ;"rgf s]Gb| sDKo'6/ ;xfos
k|d] k|;fb sfsL{n] eg] xfdLn] lhNnfdf
dfu ul//x]sf 5f}F t/ lhNnfn] s]xL
hjfkm glbPsfn] ;]jf ;~rfngdf
Nofpg ;s] s f 5} g f} F . lhNnfn]
b"/;~rf/ sfof{no;Fu ;Demf}tf u/]/
;]jf ;~rfng ug{ lgb]{zg lbP
cfk"mx¿ ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ OR5's
/x]sf] klg sfsL{n] atfP . pgn] cfˆg}
cf‘vf cufl8 $) ¿k}ofFdfly sld;g
vfP/ l/rfh{ laqmL u/] s f] klg
:jLsf/] .Ú :yfgLo ;fgf k;nx¿n] klg
To;/L g} laqmL ug{] u/]sf 5g\Ú pgn]
eg] . g]kfn 6]lnsdn] Jofkf/ a9fP
klg ;]jfsf] ¿kdf ;]jf ;~rfng ug{
g;s]sf] pkef]Stfsf] u'gf;f] 5 .
b" / ;~rf/ sfof{ n on] lhNnfdf
b'Oh { gfnfO{ dfq} clws[t laqm]tfsf]
¿kdf l/rfh{ laqmL ug{ cg'dlt
lbPsf] 5 . ;b/d'sfddf s]lGb|t
clws[t laqm]tfsf]df ufpFaf6 cfPsf
dflg;sf] kx' F r gk' U g] ePsf] n ]
;b/d' s fdl:yt v' n f ahf/af6
sld;g lt/]/ l/rfh{ n}hfg] u/]sf
5g\ . sfsL{sf cg';f/ ufp‘af6 cfPsf
s;}n] klg clws[t laqm]tfaf6 l/rfh{
sd} ug{] u/]sf 5g\ . h]g]efsf] Ps
cGt//f{li6«o cWoog ;+:yfgaf6
u/]sf] cWogn] dlxnf u}+u:6f/x¿n]
ck/fwsf nflu rSs', 9'Ëf tyf cGo
cf}hf/x¿nfO{ xltof/sf] ¿kdf k|of]u
u/]sf] kfOof] . o; cWoogaf6 ljZjdf
5l/P/ /x]sf o:tf ;d"xx¿sf] zlSt
b]zdf sfg'gsf] /Iff ug{ a;]sf] zlSt
a/fa/f b] l vPsf] 5 . ck/fwdf
dlxnfx¿sf] j[ l 4 b] l vP tfklg
logLx¿n] qm'/ ck/fw eg] sd g}
ug{] u/]sf 5g\ .
kfpg] u/]sf 5}gg\ . ufpFsf dflg;nfO{
yfx} x'bF g} pgLx¿n] t h;sf]df ;fdfg
lsG5g\, To;}sf] af6 l/rfh{ lnG5g\ .
ufpFdf n}hfg] eg]kl5 ;b/d'sfdsf
laqm]tfn] ;d]t !) ¿k}ofF;Dd sld;g
/fv]/ l/rfh{ a]Rg] u/]sf] u'gf;f]
sfsL{n] u/] . b'O{ ;osf] l/rfh{ lng
;b/d'sfd cfpg'eGbf ufpFd} hlt eP
klg d"No ltg]{ pkef]Stfsf nflu pQd
x'g] u/]sf] 5 . v]jfªsf cg'k e08f/L
ufpFaf6 ;b/d'sfd cfO/xg]n] vr{
l/rfh{ sf8{af6} klg p7fpg] u/]sf]
atfpF5g\ . pgn] eg] …;b/d'sfd k'u/]
kms{g sDtLdf kf‘r lbg;Dd nfU5
sDtLdf klg !% ;o b'O{ xhf/ ¿k}ofF
vr{ x'G5 nufgL ug{ ;s] l/rfh{sf]
sf/f] a f/ u/] / vr{ ; Dd p7fpg
;lsG5 . ufp‘df klg kx'‘r x'g]n]
;b/d'sfddf ;Dks{ u/]/ gDa/
dufpg] / k};f k7fOlbg] u/]sf 5g\ .
k|df0fkq===
lnPsf lg0f{ox¿ o; k|sf/ 5g\– -!_
P;Pn;L k/LIffsf] glthf k|sflzt
x'g] ldlt glhlsFb} ubf{ lqe'jg
ljZjljBfnon] k|df0fkq txsf] egf{
gug]{ eg]/ lbOPsf] cleJolQmk|lt
xfdL cfklQ k|s6 ub{5f}F . ut jif{
ljBfyL{ ;+u7g / g]kfn ;/sf/ lzIff
dGqfnoaLr k|df0fkq txsf] ljsNk
tof/ ug]{ eGg] ;xdlt cfh;Dd s]xL
klg sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5}g . ;d:of
h:tfsf] To:t} ePsf] cj:yfdf
lqljaf6 k|df0fkq txsf] egf{ gvf]Ng]
Psf]xf]]/f] /6fg cfwf/e"t hgtfsf
5f]/f5f]/L pRr lzIff k9\gaf6 al~rt
u/fpg] if8\oGqsf] k'g/fj[lt dfq} xf] .
/fHon] e/kbf] { ljsNk tof/
geP;Ddsf] nflu lqljaf6 k|df0fkq
tx lj:yfkg ug{ x'bF g} eGg] xfd|f]
;fd'lxs dfGotf xf] . To;}n] P;Pn;L
glthfkZrft\ !! sIffsf] egf{ ;Fu;Fu}
lqljdf k|df0fkq txsf] egf{ vf]Ngsf]
lglDt xfdL ;DalGwt kIf;Fu hf]8bf/
dfu ub{ 5 f} F . -@_ k| w fgdGqLn]
/fhLgfdf lbPsf] ;Gbe{df zflGt /
;+ljwfgsf] Uof/]06Lsf] nflu ;xdltsf]
/fli6«o ;+o'Qm ;/sf/sf] lgdf{0f ug{
;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bnx¿ ;dIf
cg'/f]w ub{5f}F .
dfcf]jfbLnfO{===
df]xg j}B / afa'/fd e§/fO{ /x]sf]
sfo{bn agfPsf] 5 . a}7sdf dw];L
hgclwsf/ kmf] / d dxf;lrj
/fd/fok|;fb ofbj, hgd'lSt kf6L{
cWoIf dfnj/l;+x yfkf, ;b\efjgf
cfgGbLb]jL cWoIf ;l/tf lu/L, g]skf
PsLs[t, hgtf bn cWoIf xl/r/0f
;fx, ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs bn, g]kfM
kf6L{ cWoIf s]zjdfg zfSonufot
g]tf ;xefuL lyP .
k|r08===
x}l;otsf] cfwf/df cufl8 a9\g] xf]
eg] /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7g
x' g ' s' g } ufx| f ] gkg] { b] l vG5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ u7g
u/]/ cufl8 a9\g hgtfn] /fhgLlts
bnnfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfjdfkm{t\
cfu|x u/]sf] dfcf]jfbL atfPsf] 5 .
hgtf cfˆgf] g]t[Tjdf zflGt /
;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof lgisif{df
k' u ] s f] x] g { cft' / /x] s f] ;d] t
dfcf]jfbLn] atfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ca
aGg] ;/sf/ ;xdltsf] x'gk' g]d{ f ;Dk"0f{
If] q sf] wf/0ff /x] s f] 5 . To;
lbzftkm{ cufl8 a9\g /fhgLlts
bnsf g]tfx¿ lxrlsrfpg' x'Fb}g .
/fli6«o ;xdltdfkm{t\ d'n's cufl8
a9\g'k5{ .
ˆ7
gS;fdf gePsf] sfnLkfl/sf] g]kfn
s~rgk'/ . ;fdfGotof g]kfnsf] ;Ldfgf k"j{ d]lrb]lv klZrd dxfsfnL;Dd
xf] eg]/ ;a}n] a'emg] ub{5g\ . sltkox¿nfO{ t cem} klg yxf 5}g dxfsfnL
kfl/ klg g]kfnL a:tL 5 eg]/ . s:tf] xf]nf dxfsfnL kfl/sf] g]kfn . lh1f;fk'0f{
ljifo klg 5 . sltko ljBfnosf sfo{qmdx¿df klg ;f]Wg] ul/G5 . dxfsfnL
kfl/sf uflj;x¿sf] gfd eGg'xf]; < s~rgk'/sf] ;b/d'sfd eLdbQgu/af6
em08} !# lsnf]ld6/ k/ kg]{ dxfsfnL kfl/sf b'O{ uflj; x'g\ . bf]w/f / rfbgL .
g]kfnL e'efu ePklg oL b'O{ uflj; g]kfnsf gS;fdf g} 5}gg\ . To;}n] klg xf]nf
Toxfsf g]kfnLx¿nfO{ cfk"m g]kfnL ePsf]df vf;} uj{sf] cg'et' L g} x'bg} \ . 7fpF
g]kfn s/f]jf/ ef/tLo , efiff g]kfnL kqklqsf ef/tLo of] ToxfFsf hgtfx¿sf]
nfdf] ;dob] l v rNb} cfPsf] k/Dk/f h:t} eO;s] s f] 5 .
;~rf/,:jf:Yo,oftfot,vfg]kfgL nufotsf ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/af6 jl~rt 5g\
oL uflj;x¿ . dxfsnL ;lGwsf a]nf of] 7fpFnfO{ ;§fegf{sf] ¿kdf lbPsf]
sltko atfp5g\ . /fHoaf6 ;w}F pk]Iffsf] hftf]df lkl;Psf oL uflj;x¿Au:
cefj,kL8f / ef/tLo oftgfsf] si6k'0f{ hLjg hLpg jfWo 5g\ . oL uflj;x¿
cgf}7f] ef}uf]nLs jftfj/0fdf /x]sf 5g\ . ;'?df ToxfF hfFbf 5'6o\ fpg} ufx|f] kg]{
ub{5 . sltko 7fpFdf ef/tleq g]kfn b]lvG5 eg] sltko 7fpFdf g]kfnleq
ef/t b]lvG5 . rf/}tL/af6 dxfsnL / hf]uj'9f glbn] 3]l/Psfn] klg oL
uflj;x¿nfO{ g]kfnsf] >Ln+sf eg]/ lrlgG5 . g]kfnsf w]/h } ;f] hfltx¿sf]
j;f]jf; /x]sf dxfsnL kfl/sf uflj;x¿df blnt a:tLsf] jfx'Notf /lxcfPsf]
5 . oxf jfnljjfx,v'Nnf ;Ldfgfsf sf/0f jif]g{ L sof} g]kfnL r]nLx¿ Ef/tdf
j]lrg] u/]sf] :yfgLo OGb| /fjtsf] wf/0ff 5 . ^ jif{ cl3 lgdf{0f ePsf] Pl;ofs}
jx'rrL{t dxfsnL glbdf lgdL{t emf]nª' ] k'nsf] lgdf{0fn] oL uflj;x¿nfO{ g]kfn;Fu
hf]8k] lg oxfFsf hgtfn] jf:tljs ¿kdf g]kfnLkgsf] Jofjxfl/stf dx;'; ug{
;s]gg\ . plgx¿n] /fHon] cfk"mnfO{ ;f}tn] L Jofjxf/ u/]sf] u'gf;f] sof}F ;fj{hlgs
sfo{qmdx¿df JoQm ub}{ cfP . p;f] t ;a}h;f] /fhg}lts bnx¿n] cfk"mx¿nfO{
ef]6j}ss + f] ¿kdf k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf] sltkosf] wf/0ff 5 . ;a}h;f] bnx¿sf
zLif{:y g]tfx¿k'lu;s]sf oL uflj;x¿ljsf;sf] k|fyldstfdf slxNo} :yfgLo
bnaxfb'/ ;'gf/ atfpF5g\ . clwsf+z o'jfx¿ Ef/td} /f]huf/Lsf nflu wfpg]
ub{5g\ . To;f] t ToxfFsf sof}F dflg;x¿nfO{ /fhgLltk|lt s'g} vf; rf;f] g}
5}g\ . ;'Gb/ emf]nª' ] k'nn] oL uflj;x¿nfO{ hf]8k] lg oL uflj;x¿ eg] slxn]
;'Gb/ x'g ;s]gg\ . /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf ;f] k'nsf] dxTjsf] JofVof
ul/P klg sflnsf/Lsf hgtfsf] jf:tljstf s;}n] JofVof gul/lbPsf] u'gf;f]
pgLx¿sf] /x]sf] 5 . ;a}h;f] j8fx¿ Ef/tLo oftgf / HofbtLaf6 k|tfl8t
jGb} cfPsf 5g\ . bf]w/fsf] s'ltofsj/df ef/tLo P;P;jLx¿ cfP/ g]kfn
5f]8g\ k6s k6s wDsL lbg] u/]sf] plgx¿ jtfp5g\ . ljsf;sf b[li6sf] oL
uflj;x¿ cf]em]ndf k/]sf] ePklg ef}uf]lns ;'Gb/tfn] ;a}nfO{ cfˆgf] ;'Gb/tfsf]
hfndf ;lhn} km;fpg ;S5 . s~rgk'/ cfpg} :jb]zL /fhtLlg1b]lv ljb]zL
ko{6sx¿sf] rf;f] bf]w/f rfbgL g} x'g] ub{5 . oxfF k'lu;s]kl5 k'n / oL
uflj;x¿df gk'u] ofqf cw'/f] h:t} nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . Jojl:yt df6f]n] kf]ts ] f
e'mk|fx¿ ;a}h;f] 3/df k'mnsf /dfO{nf ;–;fgf pBfgx¿ oxfF b]Vg kfOG5 .
oxfFsf] ef}uf]lns ;'Gb/tfn] hf] sf]xLnfO{ df]lxt kfg{ ;Sg] ePtfklg xf]6n] sf] /fd|f]
Joj:yf eg] oxfF 5}g\ . pv' v]tL,t?n v]tL,k/jn v]tL,v';f{gL v]tL oxfFsf] d'Vo
s[lif Jofj;fo xf] . ef/tLo gf]6x¿df s/f]jf/ x'g] oL uflj;x¿df g]kfnL
gf]6x¿ sd} dfqfdf b]Vg kfO{G5 . @* jif{bl] v Jofkf/ ub}{ cfPsf bf]w/f
jfjfyfgsf Ps Jofkf/L eG5g\ , d}n] slxn] klg g]kfnL s/f]jf/ ul/g\ , plg
eG5g\ aflx/sf] dfG5] cfof] eg] t cRrDd} k5{g . lsg ef/tLodf s/f]jf/ eGg]
k|Zgdf pgLx¿ eG5g\ xfdL nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfnaf6 6f9f /Xof} . xfdL g]kfnL
eP/ klg g]kfnLkgsf] dxz'; ug{ ;s]gf} ;fob To;}n] xf]nf . pgLx¿sf] of]
dd{:kzL{ egfO{n] g]kfnsf zfifsx¿n] pgLx¿k|lt u/]sf] Jojxf/sf] k|i6 k|df0f
klg lbg] ub{5 . /fHon] ;w}F cfk"mnfO{ 7u]sf] atfpb} pgLx¿n] cfk"mnfO{ cfzfsf]
TofGb|fd] f em'08\ofP/ :jfy{kt" L{ u/]sf] ToxfFsf hgtfx¿sf] cf/f]k /x]sf] 5 .
pgLx¿n] /fHo;Fu ljsf; k6s–k6s dfUb} cfPsf 5g\ t/ /fHon] pgLx¿nfO{
s]jn l/Qf] ef8f lbPsf] 5 h;df vfgf g} 5}g\ . To;}n] pgLx¿n] zfifsx¿nfO{
cfu|x ub}{ eG5g\ ca xfdLx¿nfO{ g7uLb]p . ToxfFsf hgtfx¿g]kfnsf] gS;fdf
oL uflj;x¿nfO{ ;d]6g\ hf]8b\ f/ cfu|x klg ug]{ ub{5g\ . pgLx¿n] kf7\ok':tsdf
g]kfnsf] ;Ldfgf k"jd{ l] rb]lv klZrdf dxfsfnL geP/ bf]w/f rfbgL /fVg dfu
ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . /fHoaf6 x]lkPsf] dxz'; ub}{ pgLx¿n] ;+3Lotfdf b]z
uPklg s]xL ;do oL uflj;x¿nfO{ ljsf;sf] d'nwf/df Nofpg s]Gb|af6 zf;g
x'gk' g]{ atfPsf 5g\ . t/ pgLx¿n] cfk"m ;+3Lotf lj/f]wL eg] gePsf] atfpF5g\ .
o;/L pk]Iffsf] l;sf/ ag]sf oL uflj;x¿nfO{ ljsf;sf] d'nwf/df Nofpg
h?/L 5 . @!cf} ztflAbsf] of] o'udf klg gful/sx¿n] cfˆgf] e"dLdf lj/fgf]
cg'el" t gu?g . g]kfndf nf]stflGqs u0ftGq cfO;Sbf klg cem} xfdL lsg
cfˆg} e"ld la;{b5 } f} . gofFaGg] ;+ljwfgdf e"ld;lxtsf] gofF g]kfnsf] vfsf x'g
h?/L 5 . – s]zj/fh hf]zL
;'Gtnf / sfutL la?jf lng ls;fgsf] eL8
vf]6fª . ls;fgnfO{ Jofj;flos agfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg] p2]Zon] kmnk"mnsf]
la?jf ljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf la?jf lng] ls;fgsf]
eL8 nfu]sf] 5 . lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no vf]6fªn] ls;fgnfO{ cfTdlge{/tfsf]
af6f] v'nfpg] p2]Zon] ;'Gtnf, lnrL / sfutLnufot jif{ kmnk"mnsf] la?jf
ljt/0f ul/Psf] k|fljlws ;xfos sf}zns'df/ ofbjn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxfFsf
cg';f/ wgs'6faf6 la?jf Nofpg ;d:of x'g] u/]sf] 5 . el/ofnfO{ af]sfP/
NofOPsf] la?jf vf]6fªsf ls;fgn] xf/fn'5 u/L nUg] u/]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] 9'jfgL
cg'bfgdfkm{t\ s[lifn] ;x'lnot b/df la?jf kfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt / s[lifsf] ;xsfo{df x/]s jif{ oxfF la?jf NofOg] ul/Psf] k|fljlws ofbjn]
atfpg'eof] . Ps xKtf cufl8b]lv ljt/0f k|lqmof yflnPsf] jif{] kmnk"mnsf la?jf
lhNnfsf pT;flxt ls;fg, ufpFdf u7g ePsf ls;fg ;d"xn] nu]sf 5g\ . Ps
xhf/ $)) b]lv b'O{ xhf/ %)) ld6/ prfO;Dd x'g] o:tf kmnk"mnsf la?jf
wgs'6fsf] kflv|jf;af6 NofOg] ul/Psf] xf] . pRr e"–efudf nK;L, gf;kftL, Rofp,
cf?av8f, cf]v/, s6';, lksfg6, lsaLnufotsf kmnk"mn pTkfbg ul/G5 eg]
;'Gtnf sfutL, lnrL, cfFknufotsf kmnk"mn j]zL If]qdf v]tL ul/G5 . kmnk"mnsf]
la?jf pTkfbg ug{ vf]6fªdf g;{/L gePsfn] cGoqaf6 la?jf NofOg] ul/Psf]
xf] . s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno sf7df8fFa} f6 lgwf{/0f ePcg';f/ dfq g;{/Ldf
la?jf pTkfbg ug{ kfOg] ePsfn] cGo lhNnfaf6 la?jf NofOg] ul/Psf] xf] .
k]:sL ah]6 Nofpg] ;xdlt
sf7df8f}F . Joj:yflksf – ;+;b\df oxL dlxgfleq cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 /
k]:sL vr{ ljw]os kfl/t ug{ g;lsP klg /fh:j p7fpg / vr{ ug{ kfOg] lg0f{o ug{
k|dv
' tLg bn ;xdt ePsf 5g\ . of] ;xdltadf]lhd c;f/ @$ ut] rfn" cf=j=sf]
cfly{s ;j]I{ f0f / @% ut] /fh:j Joo;DaGwL ljz]if ljw]os Joj:yflksf – ;+;b\df
k|:t't / kfl/t ug{ sfo{qmd to ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf cWoIf ;'jf; g]Djfªn]
laxLaf/ / z'qmaf/ ug{e' Psf] kxndf k|dv ' tLg bn /fh:j p7fpg] / vr{ g/f]Sg]
lg0f{o ;+;b\af6 ug{ ;xdt ePsf 5g\ . pgLx¿ cfufdL cf=j=sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
/ ah]6 gofF ;/sf/n] ;+;b\df k|:t't ug{ ;xdltdf klg k'us ] f 5g\ . oxL c;f/ @!
ut]bl] v Joj:yflksf – ;+;b\sf] jif]{ clwj]zg k|f/De x'bF 5} .
ˆ8
;xL ljrf/åf/f lgb]{lzt xltof/ xf], ;+ljwfg;efsf] cfwf/
;+ljwfg;ef b'O{ aGb's / b'O{ ;]gfsf]
aLraf6 hGdg ;kmn eof] . l;w}
eGg'kbf{ Gofok"0f{ / cGofok"0f{ o'4sf]
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g]kfnL hgtf kLl8t aGb} cfP .
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s'/fx¿ rNg yfn] . @)!*÷!( lt/
klg s] x L sDo' l g:6 36sn]
;+ljwfg;efnfO{ 7"nf] cfGbf]ngsf] ¿kdf
cufl8 a9fpg vf]h] . kf6L{x¿df
k'm6fp / /fh u/ eGg] gLlt k~rfotL
Joj:yfn] /fd|/L nfu" ug{ ;Sof] /
cflv/Ldf @)$^ sf] hgcfGbf]ng;Dd
k~r]x¿n] Psnf}6L zf;g u/] . @)$^
;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 g]kfnL hgtfn]
kfPsf] wf]sfn] gofF s'/fsf] 1fg lbof] .
h]–h;/L JofVof u/] klg Tof] 1fg
eg]sf] xltof/s} 1fg lyof] . aGb's
ePsf] ;Qfn] d'¶L / n¶L dfGg] s'/}
x'Gg . aGb'sb]lv 8/fpg]x¿ ;Demf}tf
u/] . clg t'lxof] nIo k"/f gu/L
hgcfGbf]ng . t/, To;kl5sf] g]kfnL
hgtfsf] cfGbf] n g ;fF l Rrs}
;+ljwfg;efsf] nflu b[9 k|lta4tfsf]
cleJolQm aGof] . cfhef]ln g]kfnsf]
;+ljwfg;efsf] xndf a9L ljifoj:t'
dfcf]jfbL n8fs' / xltof/sf] ag]sf]
x'G5 . dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf] ;]gf /fVg
gkfpg], xltof/ klg ;dfpg gkfpg]
clg gful/s kf6L{df ¿kfGt/0f x'g]
h:tf s' / fx¿ a9L p7fpF b 5g\ ,
;+ l jwfg;efsf Jofwfx¿ . t/,
dfcf]jfbL ;]gf / p;sf] xltof/
geOlbPsf] eP xfdL olta]nf ls t
1fg]Gb|sf] vf]/df ls t s'g} b]zsf]
s'gfdf g]kfn x]/L ?g'kg]{ l:ylt x'GYof]
eGg] s'/f la;]s { f 5g\, tgLx¿n] .
afO{ afO{ ljifj[If
xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 kf} / fl0fs
syfx¿df o:tf w]/} kfqx¿sf] a0f{g
5 h;nfO{ s]jn 3[0ffsf] kfqsf]
¿kdf dfq pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . To:t}
Pp6f kfqxf] lzz' k fn . x' g t
lzz'kfn tTsfnLg csf{ kfq s[i0fsL
k'mk"sf 5f]/f x'g Sof/ < hGdFbf rf/
xft;lxt hGd]sf lzz'kfnnfO{ x]g{
cfpg]x¿n] gf/fo0fsf] cjtf/ eg]/
;Ddfg ub}{ u/]sf] a]nf s[i0f k'u]/
xftdf lnP/ v]nfpg nfUbf cltl/Qm
xftx¿ v;] . cfsfzjf0fLcg';f/
h;sf sfvdf hf"bf afnssf xft
v:5g\ p;}sf] xftaf6 dg]{ pNn]v
ePsf] lyof] . 5f]/fsf] d[To' s[i0fsf]
xftaf6 x'g] /x]5 eGg] a'e]mkl5 k'mk"
cnfk–ljnfk ug{ yflng\ . s[i0fn]
cfZj:t kfb} { arg lbP æd
lzz'kfnsf d[To'b08 lbg nfossf
!)) j6f ck/fw;Dd Ifdf ug]{ 5' .Æ
t/, lzz'kfnn] d[To'b08nfossf
ck/fwsf] zts g3fof] / s[i0fsf]
xftaf6 dfl/of] . xfd|f] d'n'ssf]
Oltxf;df klg clxn] To:t} Pp6f
36gfsf] k6fIf]k ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf]
/fhgLlts Oltxf;df w]/} k|sf/sf
sfnf -gsf/fTds_ sLlt{dfg sfod
u/]sf cToGt gfnfos, s7\k'tnL /
ljifj[Ifsf] ¿kdf bl/Psf k|wfgdGqL
dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] /fhLgfdf lbP .
cfp"bf v'l;ofnL dgfpg] / hf"bf
la:dft dfGg] dfgjLo :jefj} xf] .
t/, ;a} 36gfdf To:tf] x'b" f] /x]g5 .
st} dg v;|Ss t x'g' kg]{ lg < t/
ePg . g pgsf] cfudgdf xif{ nfUof]
g hf"bf la:dft\ . t;y{ cfdhgtfsf]
nflu dfwjs'df/ g]kfnsf] ;Qf cf/f]x0f
/ cjt/0f s] j n Pp6f xif{ g
la:dftsf] 36gfsf] ¿kdf Oltxf;sf]
s'g} c"Wof/f] s'gfdf ldNsg] 5 .
x'GYof] xf]nf, olb labfO{ lnP/ hfg
nfu] s f k| w fgdGqL hglgjf{ l rt
nf] s lk| o JolQmTj ePsf eP
;DalGwt If]qsf hgtfn] w]/} b'Mv
dgfp uy]{ xf]nfg\ . pxf"sf] klxrfg
cln km/s 5 . bofn] ;ef;b\ /
lgufxn] k|wfgdGqL ePsfn] ;fob
s;}n] klg b'Mv dgfp ug{ cfjZos
7fg]gg\ .
k|sfzs tyf ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M afuahf/, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.chhepyastraweekly.wordpress.com sDKo'6/ tyf d'bs
tTsfnLg zfxL ;]gfsf] aGb's;Fu n8\g]
t s] b]Vg]lalQs} ljrf/, cfbz{ ;a}
abn]/ lxF8g\ ] uy]{ . xhf/f}F hgtfsf] /ut,
kl;gf / ef]sef]s} zfxL zf;gsf]
lj?4df n8\g] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] tfutn]
;+ljwfg;efdf cfP/ af]Ng kfPsf 5f}F
eGg] s'/f lal;{Psf 5g\ . Oltxf;sf
vnkfqx¿n] . lrNnf] uf8Ldf
cfP/ ;]tf] ;f]kmfdf a:bf ;a}
lal;{b+ f/x]5g\, j}u0' fLx¿n] .
h;n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] nflu
7"nf] Tofu u¥of], cˆgf] ;Gtfg
u'dfof], v]taf/L afFemf] agfof],
To;} n fO{ dfq x' g ]
k|i6 ljrf/
;+ljwfg;efsf] xndf k:g] clwsf/
kfpg'kg]{ xf] . t/, lxhf] ;+ljwfgsf] lglDt
n8\gx] ¿sf] 3/ hnfP/, 5ftLdf ;+uLg
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;+ljwfg;efsf] dxTj g} 5}gh:tf] klg
nfUg yfNof], cfhsfn .
;+ljwfg;efsf] af/]df xfdLnfO{
w]/} s'/f geP klg cfwf/e"t s'/fx¿
/fd|/L yfxf 5 . ;+ljwfg b]zsf] d"n
sfg'g xf] . t/, lgod sfg'gx¿
tfgfzfxx¿sf] kmdf{g / aGb'sx¿n]
slxNo} kfngf ub}{5g\ . ljZjsf]
clxn];Ddsf 7"nf o'4x¿ / To;n]
k}bf u/]sf] ;+s6n] klg of] s'/fsf]
1fg lbPsf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtf /
g]kfnsf] zf;saLrsf] n8fOFn] klg
lgod, sfg' g sf] kfngf gug] {
aGb's]x¿sf] / lgod, sfg'gleq
afFlwP/ cg'zfl;t aGgsf] nflu
aGws ag]sf / lg/Lx agfOPsfx¿sf]
cfh k|sflzt kqklqsfx¿n]
pxf" s f] sfo{ s fnsf -!_ hDaf]
dlGqkl/ifb, -@_ kf"r dlxgfd} ;lsof]
tna, -#_ ;xfotf sf]ifdf b'¿kof]u,
-$_ ah]6df dgk/L, -%_ ljb]z e|d0f
-/fi6«klt, pk/fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL,
pkk|wfgdGqL tyf k|wfg Gofoflwzsf]
Ps jif{sf] PSn}n] kf"r} dlxgfdf r6\_,
-^_ bz}+ vr{, -&_ cf}iflw pkrf/
vr{, -*_ sd{rf/L dfly xftkft, -
(_ kf;kf]6{ sf08, -!)_ ;Grf/
pBdLsf] xTof, -!!_ jg kFm8fgL, -
!@_ k|ltufdL lg0f{ox¿ nufotsf
hg3ftL, /fi6«3ftL, k|ltudgsf/L
tyf cg' Q /bfoL ÷ cljj] s L
sfdx¿sf] nfdf–nfdf ;"lr k|sflzt
v;|f s'/f
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s] 5g\ jf pb\3fl6t x'g af"sL /x:osf]
kbf{ v'Nb} hf"bf ;"lrn] cs}{ cfsf/
n]nf Tof] t ;don] b]vfpg] g} 5 .
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ljr/f eg] / 5' 6 glbp" .
uNtL÷sdhf]/Lx¿sf] 9fs5f]k ug{
yfNof}+ eg] xfdLn] ef]ln c?sfk|lt
klg To:t} ug{k' g]{ jf To;f] ug]x{ ¿nfO{
cfnf]rgf ug]{ g}lts cfwf/ u'dfpg]
l:yltdf /xg]5f}F . /fi6«sf rf}yf] cËn]
;xL ;"rgf ;Dk|i] f0f ug]{ g}lts cfwf/
u'dfpg' eg]sf] hgtfsf] Pp6f ;zQm
xltof/ vf];] hlQs} xf] . o; ljifodf
oyf;Dej ;TotYox¿sf] ;+sng u/L
lgd{d cfnf]rgf ul/g' kb{5 . tfls
kl5 cfpg]x¿n] klg To;af6 kf7
l;Sg ;s'g\ . k]ml/ klg hgtfsf] gfddf
cglulGt hglj/f]wL sfdx¿ ug{]
lxDdt gu?g\ .
afO{ afO{ ug]{ a]nfdf ul/Psf]
kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pxf" k|ltkIfk|lt
hlt cfqmfds b]lvg' eof] To;n] ce}m
klg pxf"n] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ b'Mv
lbO/xg] dg;fo /fVg' ePsf] 5 eGg]
aLr ;DaGw 5n{Ë kfl/lbPsf] 5 .
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;8saf6 pn] { s f] hgaf] n L
Pscfk;df 6Ss/fpFbf Pp6f gofF
vfnsf] a]ujfg\ cfFwL–x"/L l;h{gf
x'bF f]/x]5 . aGb'ssf] zf;gd'lg blaP/
a : g grfxg]x¿ gofF ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f ug{ vf]Hbf s] xfnt
eof], g]kfnL wtL{df . of]
s'/faf6 klg k'li6 x'G5 ls
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ljifo;Fu;Fu} cfpF5 . kL8s
/l~ht a'9fdu/
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agfpg 7"nf] d"No r'sfpg' k5{ . olb
gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sfo{df nfu]sf
lgdf{ t fx¿sf] 5ftLdf k' / fgf]
;+ljwfgsf] kfns–kf]ifsx¿n] uf]nL
bfUg] sfd 5f]8b\ g} g\ eg] s] ug]{ < s]
5ftL yfkL /xg] < xf]Og, of] sfo/tf
k|bz{g ug'e{ Gbf gofF ;+ljwfg aG5
eg] xltof/ k|of]u ug]{ . lsgeg]
aGb'ssf] d'sfanf aGb'sn] g} ug{
;lsG5 . zflGt, ;b\efjsf cfbz{
dfq 5fF6/] k'/fgf] ;+ljwfg ˆofFSg
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;fnb]lv ToxL tl/sf ckgfof], ;kmn
klg eof] . /fhtGqsf] aGb' s
l;+xb/af/, /fhb/af/b]lv ufpFsf
k~r]dl' vofsf] 3/3/df lyof] . xfdLn]
zflGt ;b\efj clg ljsf;sf hlt
ukm u/] klg Tof] aGb'ssf] 3]/fd}
s}b x'GYof] . t/, /fhb/af/b]lv
k|i6 x'G5 . b'i6n] d/]kl5 klg b'Mv
lbG5 eGg] pvfgnfO{ dfwjs'df/
g]kfnn] k'li6 u/]sf 5g\ eGbf cg'lrt
xf]nf h:tf] nfUb}g . dg;fo To:tf]
geP/ s]jn lrQ b'vfO{ dfq JoQm
u/]sf x'g\ eg] cfufdL lbgx¿df
pxf"n] b]vfpg] Jojxf/n] k'li6 ug]{ g}
5 . k'/]t lktfn] to u/]sf] ;fOtdf
afn'jf6f/ k;]sf dfwjs'df/ g]kfn
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lgjf;df ;/sf/L vr{df k"hfsf]7f
lgdf{ 0 f u/fO{ k' / ] t lktfåf/f
cljlR5Gg k"hfcfhf rnfpg] k|yd
sDo'lgi6 k|wfgdGqL x'g . pxf"n] sfod
u/]sf sLlt{dfgx¿sf] ;"lrdf o;nfO{
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ah]6 k7fPsf] uR5bf/sf] :jLsf/f]lQm
klg t la;{g ldNg] laifo xf]Og lg Û
/fi6« n fO{ x/t/xn] c;kmn
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sf7df8f}F . dflg;x¿n] ;dfhdf
k'?ifx¿nfO{ axfb'/ tyf zlStzfnL
dfGg] u/] tfklg s'g} ;DaGw 6'6b\ fv]/L
dlxnfx¿eGbf k'?ifnfO{ a9L b'Mv k'Ug]
s'/f Ps ;j]{If0fn] b]vfPsf] 5 .
cd]l/sfsf] jfs] kmf]/:] 6 o"lgel;{6Lsf
zf]wstf{x¿n] s'g} k'?ifsf] hLjgdf
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c;/ kg]{ lgSof]n { lgsfn]sf 5g\ .
o;sf] k| d ' v sf/0f, Psflt/
dlxnfx¿n] s'g} klg 36\gfnfO{
;fyLx¿;Fu JoSt u/]/ cfˆgf] tgfj
sd ub{5 eg] k'?ifx¿ o:tf 36\gfnfO{
dgdf g} /fv]/ tgfjdf /xg] ub{5g\ .
olt dfq geO{ o:tf 36\gfn] dflg;df
gsf/fTds ;f]r pTkGg ug{sf ;fy}
o;n] v/fa ntlt/ ;d]t ws]Ng]
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lgdf{0f ug{, ;+3if{ ug{ clgjfo{ ePem}F
;+ 3 if{ ug{ j} r fl/s ;+ u 7gsf]
cfjZostf kb{Yof] / Tof] ;+u7g
lgdf{0f u/] l;w} eGg'kbf{ ;+ljwfg;ef
g]kfnL hgtfn] . g]skf dfcf]jfbL
o:tf] ;+ u 7g aGof] , h;n]
;+ljwfg;efsf] nflu h]–h:tf] ug{ klg
tof/ /Xof] . @)%# ;fnaf6
;+ljwfg;ef ;fWo / To;sf] lj?4
p7]sf] xltof/ ;fwgsf] ¿kdf k|of]u
x'g yfNof] . t/, xfdL h'g ;fwg k|of]u
u/]/ ;fWodf k'u]sf 5f}F, Tof] s'/f
;+;bLo bn tyf ljb]zL bnfnx¿
cem a'em]sf 5}gg\ . c?n] lbPsf] kL7f]
vfP/ afFRg]x¿n] g]kfnL hgtfn]
;+ljwfg;efsf] nflu ;+3if{ ubf{
cft+ssf/L ljw]os kfof], g]kfnn] .
gofF ;+ l jwfg lgdf{ 0 fdf h' 6 ] s f
of]4fx¿nfO{ uf]nL 7f]Sg]x¿ clxn]
;+ljwfg;efsf] ejgdf lgs} 7"nf7"nf
efif0f 5fF6b\ 5
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t/, ltgLx¿;Fu ax; ug{ Ps lbg
l;Ëf] b]zdf hgtf / hgd'lQm ;]gf
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hGdfpg] hgtf / To; ;+ljwfg;Dd
b]znfO{ k'¥ofpg] 7"nf] zlQm g]skf
dfcf]jfbLsf] ;]gf 5Fb5 } . olb ;+ljwfg
aGg / agfpgdf u8a9 x'g yfNof]
eg] ;+ljwfg;efsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf]
;fwgx¿ km]l/ k|of]udf cfpg yfN5 .
lsgls ;+ljwfg;efsf] nflu ;xL
ljrf/åf/f lgb]{lzt xltof/ ;w}F ;xL
sfdsf] nflu k|of]u x'G5 .
cj:yfdf k'¥ofpg s'g} s;/ af"sL
g/fv]/ cfk"m / cfºgf] dlGqd08nsf]
clj:d/0fLo s'VoftL :yflkt u/]/
alxu{dg ug'{ ePsf dfwj g]kfnnfO{,
h'g /fi6«sf] bf]xg u/]/ tkfO{+n] /
tkfO{+sf] dlGqd08nsf ;b:ox¿n]
;ft k':tfnfO{ k'Ug] u/L ;d[l4 xft
nufpg' eof] To; df6f]k|lt ca c?
3ft gul/lbg' eP sfnfGt/df g]kfnL
hgtfn] dflkmul/lbg] lyP ls < eg]/
;Demfpg plrt xf]nf . blIf0ftk{m
kmls{P/ ehg ufpg 5f]8]/ af"sL
hLjg ;f"rf] cy{df g]kfn cfdfsf]
;]jfdf ;dlk{t x'g] ;b\al' 4 knfcf];
xfdL oxL sfdgf ub{5f}+ . afO{afO{ Û
ca ;/sf/ agfpg rfxg] zlQmn]
klg lautsf] la/f;tnfO{ lg/Gt/tf
lbg] e'n gu/L ;xdtLo ;/sf/
lgdf{0fsf] nflu x/;Dej k|of; ug'{
;a}sf] lxtdf x'g] 5 . k]ml/ klg
s;}nfO{ lsgfl/s[t u/]/ t/ dfg]{
;kgf s;}n] b]vs ] f] 5 eg] Tof] p;sf]
dxfe'n ;fljt x'g]5 . Oltxf;n] tL
zlQmnfO{ sbflk dfkm ug]{ 5}g . g]kfnL
hgtfn] sbflk To;} 5f]8\g] 5}gg\ .
gzfsf] ;]jg ;d]t ;'? ug{] u/]sf]
kfOPsf] 5 . o;sf d'Vo zf]wstf{
k|f]km];/ /lag lzdgsf cg';f/
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kfg]{ vfnsf] 5 . ;fwf/0ftof dlxnfx¿
sdhf]/ x'g] x'gfn] o:tf 36\gfx¿af6
pgLx¿nfO a9L k|efj ug]{ ;f]r
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x}/fgLdf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . o;} ;j]I{ f0fn]
dflg;x¿nfO{ k|]dn] a9L kmfObf
k'¥ofpg] u/]sf] ;d]t v'nf;f ePsf]
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gft]bf/, ;xsdL{x¿;Fu 3'nldn u/L
a:g] u/]sf] ;d]t b]vfPsf] 5 .
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cj:yfdf t dfG5]x¿ ;lhn} c8\sn nufpg ;Sb5g\, s'g} g]kfnLsf] Tof] af]nL
s'g ljb]zL ;f]rfOsf] xf] eg]/ . kf6L{ km/s eP klg af]nLsf] ;f/ Pp6}–Pp6}
nfUg] ljljw af]nfOsf] c/fhs cj:yf jt{dfgdf g]kfnLx¿n] ef]lu/x]sf 5g\ .
zflGt / ;+ljwfg jt{dfgsf] cfjZostf eP klg g ;lhn} zflGt x'g] 5fF6 5 g
;+ljwfg aGg] 5fF6 5 . /fli6«o ;d:of ef]u, /f]u, czflGt, ljsf; lgdf{0f, bf;tf
lxhf]eGbf cfh emg\emg\ al9/x]sf 5g\ . ltgsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg xfd|f] ana'tfeGbf
aflx/ hfFb5 } . lbgk/lbg xfdL k/fwLg o; cy{df eO/x]sf 5f}F ls ;f]emf] cy{df
c;kmn /fi6«fG] d'v xfd|f] b]z ;~rfngsf k|To]s s'/fdf ljb]zLn] h] eG5g\, ToxL
dfq ug{ ljjz 5f}F . /fli6«o :jfwLgtf lbgk/lbg IfL0f eO/x]sf]tkm{ b]z xfFSg]x¿nfO{
yfxf gePsf] t eGg ;lsFbg} . t/, cfˆgf] :jfy{n] pgLx¿ :jod\ To;nfO{ yfxf
gkfPsf] clego ug{ ljjz 5g\ . clxn] ToxL ljjztfsf] e'd/Ldf b]z hflsFb5 } .
To;nfO{ rft'ok{ 0" f{¿kdf lgsf; vf]Hg ;Sg] JolQmsf] vfFrf] dx;'; eO/x]sf] 5 .
/f0ff zf;gdf pRr kbdf k'Ubf 6fpsf]df km]6f afFwL lbg] rng lyof] . klZrdtkm{
km]6fnfO{ ku/L eGg] rng 5 . km]6f jf ku/LnfO{ /fhfn] nufpg] >Lk]rsf] csf]{
¿k dflgG5 . /fhfnfO{ >Lk]r jf d's6' hgtfnfO{ km]6f jf ku/L . of] ku/L
nufpg hlt ;lhnf] x'G5, To;nfO{ arfpg a9L sl7g dflgG5 . ku/L kfO;s]kl5
lhDd]jf/Laf]w xf], ;Ddfg xf] . Tof] ;Ddfgaf]wn] ku/L kfpg] JolQmn] cfˆgf]
cfr/0f klg tbg'¿k kl/dfh{g ug',{ :g]x, dfof, cfbz{, d"No, dfGotfh:tf
ljljw s'/fn] k|efj kfb}{ cfddflg;eGbf dfly k'¥ofpFb5 / ;a}n] To;nfO{ pRr
;Ddfgn] x]b5 { g\ . ku/Lsf] ul/df arfpg ;s]g eg] To;sf] 7Ls pN6f] To:tf]
JolQm ;a}sf] gh/df lubf]¿ { kdf /xg k'Ub5 . u0ftGqdf clxn] /fhf 5}gg\,
To;}n] >Lk]r jf d's6' sf] s'/} ePg . nf]stGqsf gfosx¿ cfˆgf kf6L{af6
ku/L kfPsfx¿ x'g\ . pgLx¿n] cfˆgf] ku/Lsf] ul/df a'em] / ;f]cg';f/sf] sfo{
u/] eg] ;Ddfg kfpF5g\ . ug{ ;s]gg\ eg] cfkm}F ktg x'G5g\ . t/, nf]stGq jf
u0ftGqdf km]6f u'Yg]x¿ ljutdf /fhfn] jf Tof]eGbf klxnf] g]kfnsf e'/–] 6fs'/]
/fhfx¿n] cfˆgf] km]6fsf] ul/df ga'‰bf ktg eP h;/L nf]stGqsf], u0ftGqsf]
dd{ ga'‰bf k'/fg} ;fdGtLz}nLnfO{ leqleq} a9fjf lbFb} uP eg] km]6f kfP/ klg
rfn gkfpg] kfhLdf kl/0ft x'bF } ktg x'bF } hfg] 5g\ . lxhf] /fhf / efOef/bf/ /
ltgs} jl/k/L 3'Dg] w'kf}/x] ¿n] dfq km]6f kfpg] x'bF f To;avt of]Uotf ;Lk
cflbsf] dxTj x'bF g} Yof] . t/, of] ztfAbLdf hf] of]Uo 5, To;n] km]6f kfpg] xf] /
;+/If0f klg To;}n] ug]{ xf] . slt gflËg] s'/f Tolt xf] . g]tT[ j ;DxfNg g;Sbf
lxhf] s}of}F g]tfx¿n] cfˆg} kf6L{af6 alxu{dg ePsf] tYo xfd|f; ] fd' 5Fb5
} .
km]6fsf] cy{ jt{dfgsf] g]tT[ j xf] . g]tT[ jdf a:g] hf];s ' } eP klg d"No, dfGotf
cfbz{nfO{ lal;{of] eg] :jtM hgtfaf6 Ps lbg g Ps lbg Ro't x'gk} b{5 .
lxhf]sf s}of}F cu'jfx¿nfO{ ;do, sfnn] clxn] ktg u/fO;s]sf] 5 . ;do
ga'‰bf xfd|} jl/k/Lsf g]tfx¿ clxn] dl0f x/fPsf] gfu ag]sf 5g\ . gfusf] 7"nf]
ljz]iftf pm;Fu /x]sf] dl0f klg xf] . cfk"mnfO{ hgfwf/ ePsf] hgtfsf g]tf
eGg]x¿ cfˆgf] ;Tj u'Dbf dl0f gePsf gfu h;/L 56k6fO/x]sf 5g\ .
lul/hfafa'sf] sfFu; ]| df Ps 5q /fh lyof] . pgsf] clGtd cj:yfdf ;'zLn
sf]O/fnfn] klg pgsf] ;fy 5f]l8;s]sf lyP . dfwj g]kfnn] c;kmn ePsf] egL
kf6L{af6 /fhLgfdfsf] dxf;lrjaf6 dfq /fhLgfdf lbPgg\ pgn] ;dy{g u/]sf
v8\u cf]nLn] klg kf6L{leq} k/flht x'gk' ¥of] . o:t}–o:t} cGo kf6L{sf klg
k|z:t} pbfx/0f 5g\ . Psl9Ssf ePsf] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{df k'm6 Nofpg rf}tkmL{
k|of; ePsf] cfef; b]lvG5 . dfcf]jfbLleqsf km]6f kfPsfx¿ cyf{t\ g]tfx¿n]
;donfO{ a'‰g ;s]gg\ eg] ToxL xljut gbf]xf]l/Pnf eGg ;lsFbg} . ;'ema'em /
;do;fk]If cufl8 a9\g' / g]tT[ jsf] ul/df /fVg ;s]gg\ eg] c?sf] lgolt ef]Ug'
k|fs[lts lgodnfO{ gf£g ;lsFbg} . ctM h;n] g]tT[ jdf x'g] ;sf/fTds u'0fnfO{
cËLsf/ ug{ ;Sb}g ToxL lgolt c?n] klg ef]Ug}kb{5 . cfˆg} kf6L{leq Hofb}
lsrnf] / v'§f tfgftfgsf] cj:yf h;/L sfFu; ]| , Pdfn]nufotsf kf6L{x¿df
ePsf] /f]uh:tf] dfcf]jfbLdf geP klg olb ;'ema'emn] sfd ug{ ;lsPg eg]
To:t} lxnf] 5\ofkf5\ofksf] cj:yf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{df gcfpnf eGg ;lsFbg} .
kl/jt{gsf] nflu hgtfn] cfzf u/]sf] kf6L{df c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ eof] eg] To;sf]
k|efj gsf/fTds kb{5 . To;tkm{ ;r]t x'gk} b{5 .
ljleGg kf6L{leqsf] cfGtl/s snx b]Vbf ;fdfGo jf kf6L{ hLjgnfO{ hLjGt
/fVg] cGt/lj/f]w h:tf] b]lvP klg clxn];Ddsf o:tf z[Înfx¿n] cGttM kf6L{leq
k'm6;Ddsf] cj:yf NofPsf] Oltxf; xfd|f;fd' /x]sf] 5 . To:t} kf6L{ :yfkgfsfnb]lv
e"ldsf lgjf{x eO{ ljleGg sfnv08df ptf/–r9fjdf klg cu|0fL e"ldsf lgjf{x
u/]sf :j= u0f]zdfgn] hLjgsf] pQ/fw{df kf6L{ kl/Tofu ug'k{ ¥of] . clxn] s[i0fk|;fb
e§/fO{sf] xljut To:t} 5 . u0f]zdfg, s[i0fk|;fb, huGgfy cfrfo{nfO{ kmfn]sf]
8f]sf] sfFu;]| n] /fv]sf] /x]5 . lul/hfk|;fb gd/]sf] eP To;} 8f]sf]df /fv]/ kmfNg]
;+st] pg}n] g]tf agfPsfx¿ pgLlj/f]wL v]dfsf /ftf/ft ¿kfGtl/t x'g' / clGtd
;dotfsf pgsf lj?4 vlgg'n] k|:6 kfb{5 . cln cufl8 aLkL, dft[sf x'bF }
k~rfotsfndf knfog ePsf ljZjaGw', k/z'gf/fo0fsf] Oltxf; x]bf{ kf6L{
cGt/;+3if{sf kl/0flt lyP . o; dfdnfdf sDo'lg:6x¿sf] kf6L{ cGt/;+3if{ cln
e2f / 8/ nfUb} lsl;dsf] /x]sf] 5 . ;}4flGts cGt/;+3if{ clGtddf JolQm s]lGb|t
x'g] / 6'6k'm6sf z[Înf clxn];Ddsf g/fd|f pbfx/0f x'g\ . hgr]tgf k|jfx / ;dfh
¿kfGt/0fdf cu|0fL e"ldsf v]ns ] f sDo'lg:6x¿ Ps 7fpFdf ldNg g;Sg] bL3{
k|sl[ tsf] /f]u h:t} ePsf] 5 . o;/L jt{dfgsf] lgolt eg]sf] g]kfnsf ;a} kf6L{leq
Jojxf/tM JolQm s]lGb|t cGt/;+3if{sf] r/df]T;u{df /x]sf] 5 . oL ;a}df ljb]zL
zlQmsf] rnv]nn] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] kfOG5 . en} kfPsf] km]6 jf ku/Lsf] ul/df
ga'‰g] k|jl[ Q / JolQm s]lGb|t lrGtg / k/Dk/fn] yf]/–ax't k|efj kf/]sf] eP klg
l;lSsdLs/0fsf] lbzfdf pGd'v jt{dfg g]kfn ljb]zL zlQms]Gb|;uF sf] lxdlrdn]
g/fd|f;] uF km;]sf] 5 . k|of]u ub}{ ˆofFSg] /f]udf sf], slxn] k|of]u x'G5g\ / ˆofFlsG5g\
kQ} x'bF g} . /f0ffsfnsf 7fn', enfb\dL, d'lvof, lhDd'jfn, ljtf{jfn, a8\3/, sf]7f/L,
3f6\a/' fh:tf kbx¿ kf6L{cg'¿k s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o, kf]ln6Ao'/f]
;b:o, /fHo ;ldlt, To:t} ljleGg kbdf ljleGg gfdaf6 lhDd]jf/L lnPsf
cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;lrj cflb kbsf gfdwf/L jt{dfgsf ku/L afFWg] cu|hx¿ x'g\ .
log} cu|hx¿ dfq z'4 eOlbP b]zn] jt{dfgsf] lgolt ef]Ug] lyPg . 6f9f guP/
xfd|} b]zsf] PsLs/0f cleofg x]bf{ :jfy{ljxLg ef/bf/ ePsf] /fHodf PsLs/0f
ubf{ xDd]xDd] k/]sf] lyof] . /fHosf nflu efOef/bf/ cfkm}F n8\g hfGy] . n8fOFdf g}
;'/k|tfk zfxsf] cfFvf k'm6]sf] Oltxf; 5 . clxn] cfP/ /fi6«kl| tsf] ;dk{0fefj
x/fPsf] 5 . g]tfsf] jl/k/L 3'Dg] / g]tfsf] cfjZostfsf] k"lt{ ul/lbg] rf6'sf/
ePdf pm /fd|f] sfo{stf{ clNemg] /f]u 5 . To;}n] /fi6«jfbsf] /Iffsf] nflu d'xfg g}
;ª\nf] agfpg' / cfk"mn] kfPsf] km]6fsf] dxTj a'em] dfq kf6L{x¿ r':tb'?:t x'g
k'U5g\ . o;tkm{ ;f]r] s:tf] xf]nf .