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g]kfnsf] Po/kf]6{af6 aflx/ hfG5g\ a9of] . o;/L cufl8 a9]sf] /fhg}lts o;n] l;k / k|ljlwaf6 k"0f{¿kn] hfG5g\ eg] ef/tdf / ef/tLo af6f] xfn} Ps ljz]if lsl;dsf] cG8/jo/sf] l8hfOg u/]sf 5g\, h'g nufPkl5
eg] ef/t eP/ ljb]zhfg] / ef/tdf hfu/0f z'?jftsf] k[i7e"ldaf6 ;g\ alGrt 5 . h;n]ubf{ hf]lvdk"0f{ / x'b+ } klg ljb]lzPsf 5g\ . ;g !($& k'?if dlxnfsf] u'KtfË l8lh6n l:qmg/n] s}b ug{;Sg] 5}g . uf]Kotf sfod
lgoldt¿kdf hfg] o'jfhgzlSt !(@! sf] rLlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ;:tf] d'Nodf zf/Ll/s >d a]Rg afWo sf] uf]vf{ elt{s]Gb| g]kfnLo'jfx¿ /fVg cG8/jo/sf] aLrdf kmnfdsf] w'nf]af6 lkmu lnkm /flvPsf] l8hfOg/
oyfjt 5 . o'jfx¿ b]z ljsf; u7g eof] . h;n] ;g\ !($( df 5 . o;k| s f/sf o' j fzlStsf] ef8fsf] l;kfxL x'b+ } cfPsf 5g\ k|yd a:sn] b d}lgrL 8]nL Go"h cgnfO{g ;+:s/0fnfO{{ atfP . cG8/jo/ lgdf{0fsf]
;fdflhs ;Dotf, cfly{s pTkfbg hfkfgL ;fd| f Hojfb / 3/] n ' hf]lvdk"0f{sfd / $% b]lv %% l8lu| / bf];f| ] ljZj o'4df ;fy} ljleGg nflu 6]:6]g, kmnfdsf] w'nf]nufot kf/bzL{ a:t' k|of]u ul/Psf] / z/L/sf]
/ /fhg}lts ;+3if{sf cfwf/ :tDe ;fdGtjfb rLgnfO{{ d'Stu/L gofF tfkqmddf sfd ug{k' g]{ sf/0f b}lgs b]zdf uf]vf{nL ;]gfx¿ ljb]zLx¿sf] cfsf/;Fu d]n vfg] ePsf]n] nufpg ;lhnf] x'g'sf] ;fy} s'g} klg ;fdfu|L
Pj+ d]?bG8 x'g . h'g d'ns
' sf o'jfx¿ hgjfbL Joj:yfsf] :yfkgf eof] . ;g\ bh{g o'jfsf] nfz Po/kf]6d { f cfpg] nflu d[To' ePsf 5g\ ckf+u ePsf n'sfO{ l5kfO{ n}hfg gldNg] cd]l/sfsf] n; e]u; a:g] a:sn] hgfP .
cfˆgf] d'n'sdf a;]/ >d, l;k !(#( b]lv d] kmf]/ sf] lbgnfO{{ rLgn] ub{5 . o;/L j}l4s>d tyf cw{If 5g\ . ljb]zdf g]kfnLx¿sf] kl/ro pSt cG8/jo/sf] kl/If0f l:qmg/n] ;lhn} ug{;Sg]5 . k'?ifsf] cG8/jo/
IfdtfnfO{{ k|of]u u/L pTkfbgdf o'jflbj;sf] ¿kdf dgfpFb} cfPsf] k| s f/sf o' j fx¿ ;bfsf] nflu ef8fsf] ¿kdf lsGg] j:t'sf] ¿kdf lkmu ?vsf] kft cfsf/df /x]sf] 5 eg] dlxnfsf] eg] d'¶L aflwPsf] xftsf]
;xefuLtf, ;f+:s[lts ;fdflhjs 5 . h'g lbg rLgdf o'jfx¿nfO{{ dfq d'ns' af6 knfog x'bF 5
} . t];f| ] k|sf/sf lrgfOPsf] 5 . cfˆgf] b]zsf] lzIfs, cfsf/df /x]sf] 5 . t/ hfkfgsf] km]8/n oftfoft k|zf;g clwsf/Lx?n]
j}rf/Ls r]tgfdf j[l4 / x/]s Gofok"0f{ geP/ rLge/L /fhg}lts r]tgfsf] o'jfx¿ zf/Ll/s >d a]Rg uPsf sd{rf/L x'ge ' Gbf s'g} ljb]zL d'ns
' sf] cGo s8f hfFrsf] k|fjwfg Rofpg]af/] eg] cem} olsg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
tyf /fli6« o :jefdfjtfsf]
cfGbf] N sgdf cfk" m nfO{ { ;dflxt
hfu/0f z'?jft ePsf] lyof] . xfd|f]
d'ns ' df ;g\ !($& sf] uf]vf{elt{
o'jfx¿ pTkfbgsf ;fwgx¿dfq
ePsf 5g\ / pgLx¿sf] d'Vo Wofg
;LkfxL x'gd' f pgLx¿ uf}/j dfGb5g\ .
cfh;Dd cfOk' U bf To;k| s f/sf] d'xf/ km]b{} km];a's
u/fPsf x'G5g\ tL d'n'sx¿ cfly{s s] G b| n ] g] k fnL o' j fx¿nfO{ { kl/jf/sf] b}lgs vr{rnfpgdf dfq >[+vnf /f]lsPsf] 5}g c? lta|t/ Go'of]s{ . %) s/f]8 eGbf a9LnfO{{ Pp6} ;fdflhs ;+hfndf ;d]6]sf]
¿kdf dfq geP/ ;Eotf, k|ljlw, ljb]zknfogsf] z'?jft clxn] Pp6f l;ldt x'g k'Ug] afWotf x'bF u} Psf] 5 . ¿kdf a9]sf] 5 . clxn] b]zdf km];a'ssf] d'xf/ km]l/g] ePsf] 5˜ . o;sf k|of]ustf{sf] hLjgnfO{{ cem
;f+:s[lts ¿kdf g} ;DkGg ePsf ;+:s[ltsf] ¿kdf ljsf; eO{;s]sf] o;k|sf/sf o'jfx¿ Psflt/ cfˆgf] /fhg}lts cj:yf kl/jt{g eP klg lhjGt¿kdf k|:t't ug]{ u/L o;sf] k|f]kmfOn k]hsf] d'xf/ km]l/g nfu]sf]
x'G5g\ . o'jfx¿df x'g ljb|fx] L :jefj 5 . cfh;Dd cfOk'Ubf ljb]zL knfog bIftfsf cefjsf sf/0f cToGt ;/sf/df uPsf bnx¿ d' V ot xf] . km];a'ssf] d'xf/ km]bf{ a9L k|of]u ePsf lkmr/ / tl:a/nfO{{ ljz]if
/ kl/jt{g k|lt cfsf+Iffsf sf/0f ;a} k|sf/sf o'jf hgzlSt, bIf cw{If hf]lvdk"0f{ k|lts'n jftfj/0f / ;:tf] Pdfn], sfFu|];, dfcf]jfbLx¿n] o'jf k|fyldstf lbOg] 5 . km];a'sn] cfˆgf] Anudf k|of]ustf{nfO{{ yk ;lhnf]
zf]if0f, pTkL8g / k/flwgtf lj?4sf] / cbIf 5 . o'jf hgzlStsf] ljb]z d'Nodf >d a]Rg afWo ePsf 5g\ / hgzlStnfO{{ :j]bzdf /f]huf/sf] kfg{] u/L k|f]kmfOnsf] ¿k km]g{nfu]sf] atfPsf] 5 . km]l/Psf] k|f]kmfOndf
cfGbf]ngnfO{{ ef}lts zlSt ;+3if{sf] knfog x' F b } uPsf] 5 . /fd| f ] h;n] ubf{ pgLx¿ b}lgs kfl/jfl/s Joj:yf ug'{ eGbf klg ljleGg pgLx¿ sf] x'g, sxfF sfd u5{, pgLx¿sf] hLjg bz{g / pgLx¿sf]
d'Vo cfGbf]ngnfO{{ prfOdf k'Ug] OlGhlgo/, 8fS6/, kfOn6, vr{rnfpg klg sl7g cj:yfdf d'ns ' x¿df o'jfx¿nfO{{ ljb]z k7fpg] hLjgsf dxTjk"0f{ JolStaf/] ;dfj]z x'g5 ] . gofF d'xf/df cfpFbf k|fk] mfOndf
ub{5 . rLgdf ;g\ !(!( eGbf / /]ldG6\ofG;af6 /fHo rnfpg] a9L leh'cnn] 7fpF kfpg]5g\ . o;df gofF afof]u|fkmL ;]S;g ylkg] 5
k| f ] k m] ; /x¿ h' g /fi6« n fO{ { clt 5g\ . t/ 3/kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] h;df tkfO+{ sf] xf] s] ug{x'G5 eGg]h:tf s'/fdfq xf]Og lsg ;a}eGbf
la|l6;n] k|;:tdfqfdf cflkmd lgof{t cfjZos zlSt Tof] zlStn] cfˆgf] Psflt/ vr{sf] j[l4 / l;ldt ePsf] lbzfdf p4t 5g\ . cfh;Dd kl5Nnf] ;do tkfO{{nfO{{ 6\ofu ul/Psf] tl:a/x¿ ;d]t ;dfj]z x'g]5 .
ub{Yof] . ToxfF o'jfx¿ clkmdsf] /fli6«otf / :jflwgtfnfO{{ 5f]8]/ hldg afemf] x'Fb}5 3/ kl/jf/df cfOk'Ubf o'jf hgzlSt Psk|sf/n] clxn];Dd km];a'sdf 6\ofu ul/Psf tl:a/ x]g{ 6\ofjdf lSns ug{'kg{]
gzfaf6 nl6Gy] To;a]nf rLgdf ljZjsf ljleGg d'ns ' x¿df knfog kfl/jf/Ls c;Gt'ng / ljs[ltx¿ ljb] z L /fi6« x ¿sf nfuL h;/L k|fjwfg 5 . ca k|of]ustf{n] cfˆgf ;fyLx¿dWo] dxTjk"0f{ /x]sfx¿sf]
ljleGg ;fd|fHojfb /fi6«x¿sf] ahf/ eO;s]sf] 5 . bf];|f] dfgl;s >d a9b} uPsf] o;k|sf/sf o'jfx¿n] pTkfbgsf ;fwgsf] ¿kdf k|of]u x'b+ } juL{s/0f ;d]t ug{kfpg] 5g\ . clxn] To:tf] s'g} Joj:yf 5}g . To:tf
cw{kf}lgj]lzs cj:yfdf u'lh|Psf] a]Rg ;Sg] t/ cw{If / dWod juL{o %÷!) jif{ ljb]zdf ;do ljtfO{ hfFbf ca l;Fuf] d'n's cg'Tkfbs ;fyLx¿af/] yk hfgsf/L ;d]t o;df ;d]6g ;lsg]5 .
lyof] . hfkfgsf] k/flwgtf :jLsf/ o'jfx¿ j}jflxs;DaGw, lu|gsf8{/ ;s]sf] x'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿df Psflt/ hdftsf] eL8 x'g5 ] . ljb]zL pTkflbt ¿k km]l/Pkl5 km];a's k|of]ustf{sf] k"0f{hfgsf/L lbg] g]6jls{ª ;fO6
ug{afWo lyof] . t/ ;g\ !(!( sf] d] cWoogsf cfwf/df ljb]z knfog b]zdf cfP/ >f]t, ;fwg / >dnfO{{ dfnsf] ahf/ df ¿kfGt/0f x'g] / aGg] 5 . h;df km];a's lj1fkg ;d]t ;dfj]z ug{;lsg] 5 . sDklgn]
$ df /fi6«3flt e|;f{Onsf] ;lGwsf] eO/x]sf] / of] oL b'j}y/L o'jfzlSt k|of]u ug{ dfgl;stfaf6 ljd'v x'G5g\ zlSt /fi6«x¿sf] lqm8f:yndf ab\ln+b} o;sf] uf]klgotfsf] k|fjwfgdf eg] s'g} klg km]/jbn u/]sf] 5}g .
lj/f]wdf k]ls• ljZj ljBfnodf k9g]
o'jf ljBfyL{x¿sf] kxndf pSt
/fi6« / /fli6«otfsf efjgfaf6 w]/}
6f9f eO;s] s f] 5 . csf{ t] ; | f ]
eg] ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts r]tgf
ljlxg x'+b} uPsf] cj:yf 5 . o;n]
5 . ;/sf/ k|zf;g / ;'/Iff If]qdf
ljb]zL zlStx¿sf] cfly{s k|efjsf rkL{ gagfpg] kqsf/ pDd]bjf/ x'g gkfpg]
/fi6«3flt ;lGwsf] lj/f]wdf p7]sf] k|sf/sf] cbIf o'jfzlSt h'g ufpFdf pgLx¿df pkefQmfjfbL ;f+:s[ltsn] sf/0f /fli6«otfnfO{{ ljb]zL d'b|f - ?s'd . ?s'dsf kqsf/sf] e]nfn] 3/df rkL{ gagfpg] kqsf/ cfufdL
cfGbf]ngn] rLge/Lsf hgtfnfO{{ a;f]jf; ub{5 . lzIffaf6 alGrt k'¥ofpg] / ljj]s, ljZn]if0f ts{ / 8n/_ n] vl/b ub}{ hfg] 5g\ / l;Fuf] j}zfv cufj} x'g] kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] clwj]zgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g gkfpg]
d'ns ' sf] :jfledfgtf g} un{d \ 9Ng] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . 3/df rkL{ gagfPsf] kqsf/sf] 3/df cfufdL k';

klxnf dfkb08, To;kl5 dlxnf sfdbf/ cj:yf cfpg] 5 . To;sf/0f cfh d;fGtleq 3/df rkL{ agfO;Sg'kg]{ / olb gagfPsf] kfOPdf kqsf/
/fHo :t/af6 u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfaf6 dxf;+3sf] s'g} klg kbsf nflu pDd]bjf/L lbg gkfpg] lg0f{o ul/Psf] xf] .

x' d ;' g f/L du/ -@_ dlxnf sfdbf/n] kfpg] dfl;s nfO{ a'emfpg gx'g] . -^_ /f]huf/bftfn]
d'n'ssf] pTkfbgzLn / phf{lzn
hgzlSt ljb]z knfog eP/ xf]Og, Uofli6«s /f]usf] cr's pkfo– ljho;fnsf] kfgL
g]kfn ;/sf/n] …vf8Ldf km]l/ kf/>lds sDtLdf g]? !%,))) cyjf k|To]s dlxgf dlxnf sfdbf/sf] d'n's leq cfˆgf] >f]t ;fwg, l;k wgu9L . afGtf x'g] / k]6df cldnf]kg x'g] ;d:ofn] kLl8t dx]Gb|gu/
dlxnf 3/]n' sfdbf/ v'nfÚ eGg] ;f=l/= &%) x'gk' g]{ . sfd ug]{ lglZrt cj:yfsf] af/]df g]kfnL b"tfaf;, Ifdtf k|of]u ub},{ :jfledfgtfsf] ;fy} gu/kflnsf j8f g+ ! sf tf/f af]x/f klg ljho;fnsf] /; ldl;Ps} kfgL
;dfrf/ k9\g kfOof] . t/, o; ;do 6f]Sg' kg]{ . a:g, vfgf vr{ l/ofbdf l/kf]6{ a'emfpg' kg]{ / cfkm}F cfˆgf] e"lddf afRg] / efjL ;GttLsf] lkpg] u/]s} sf/0f /f]ud'St ag]sf 5g\ . ;'Gbf / b]Vbf ;fwf/0f nfUg]
ljifonfO{ k'gM Ps k6s uDeL/¿kdf d] l 8sn tyf cGo ;a} vr{ dlxnf sfdbf/;Fu g]kfnL b"tfaf;df nflu gofF ;'Gb/ ;dfhsf] kIfdf ljho;fnsf] u'0f eg] c;fwf/0f b]lvPsf] o;sf] /; ;]jg ug{]x¿sf]
ljrf/ ljdz{ gu/L sfof{Gjog gug{] /f]huf/bftfn] g} a]xf]g{ kg]{ . -#_ dlxnf pkl:yt u/fO{ pgsf] cj:yf a'‰g] . pleg cfd o'jf hgzlSt tof/ cg'ej 5 . Uofli6«s /f]uaf6 nfdf] ;dob]lv kLl8t wgu9L gu/kflnsf
x'g g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ d xflb{s cg'/f]w sfdbf/sf] dfu ug'{ /f]huf/bftfn] s'g} of] k|lqmofnfO{ cem ;/n / ;lhnf] x'g'kb{5 . j8f g+ ! sf t'nf/fd rf}w/L hËndf kfOg] ljho;fnsf] /; ldl;Psf] kfgL
lgoldt lkpg] u/]sfn] clxn] :j:y / k"mlt{nf ag]sf 5g\ . ljho;fnsf]
ug{ rfxG5' . d'VotM ;fpbL c/]laofsf] klg :yfgLo Ph]G;L -;fpbL_ dfkm{t\ agfpgsf nflu g]kfnL b"tfaf;df
xsdf s'/f ug]{ ubf{, o; b]zdf :yflkt kxn gu/L l;w} /f]huf/bftf cfkm}n F ] Ps ;Ifd sDo' l gs] a n dlxnf 3fd tfKg'; sf7af6 ag]sf efF8fdf /flvPsf] kfgL vfnL k]6dflgoldt lkpg] u/]kl5
rf}w/L Uofli6«s /f]uaf6 d'St ePsf x'g\ . …Uofli6«sn] ;tfPkl5 $÷%
;+ 3 ;+ : yfx¿, kqsf/x¿ tyf dlxnf sfdbf/n] kfpg] ;'ljwf v'n:t ;xrf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug]{ . -&_ dlxnf
a' l 4hLjLju{ x ¿;F u Ps k6s ¿kdf dfukq tyf s/f/gfdf kqdf sfdbf/ uGtJo :yfgtkm{ hfg] kSsf a9L af“Rg';\ dlxgf;Dd o;sf] /; ldl;Psf] kfgL vfPkl5 clxn] k"0f{¿kdf lgsf] ePsf]
5'– rf}w/Ln] eGg'eof] . cfo'j{]lbs h8La'6L ljho;fnsf] /; vfg] u/]df
cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd u/L o; ljifodf :ki6 v' n fO{ tL ;a} cfjZos eO;s] k l5 sDtLdf cfk" m hfg] n08g . h'g dlxnf lgoldt k]6;DaGwL /f]u lgsf] kfg{] Pnf]kl] ys pkrf/ ug{ c:ktfn wfO/xg' gkg{]
Jofks 5nkmn u/]/ dfq} ;fpbL 8s'dG] 6x¿ g]kfnL b"tfaf;, l/ofbaf6 d'ns' sf] af/]df hfgsf/L x'g' kg]{ ;fy} ¿kdf 3fd tfKg] ub{5g pgLx¿ a9L k|of]ustf{sf] cg'ej 5 . ljho;fnsf] sf7af6 ag]sf cDvf]/f, sk,
c/]laofsf] nflu dlxnf 3/]n' sfdbf/ k|dfl0ft u/fpg' kg]{ . -$_ g]kfn s] sfd ug{k' g]{ eGg]af/]df v'n:t ;do;Dd lhljt /xg] ;Defjgf lunfF;df *÷!) 306f;Dd kfgL /fv]df kfgLsf] /Ë cfsf;] gLnf] / /ftf]
v'nf u/L sfof{Gjog ug{ cg'/f]w ;/sf/cGtu{t >d ljefun] g]kfnL hfgsf/L x'g' kg]{ . of]af/]df g]kfn x'G5 . :jL8]gsf] n'8+ ljZjljBfnosf] b]lvG5 . h'g kfgL cfo'j{]lbs cf}iflwsf] ¿kdf k|of]u u/]df nfe x'g]
ul/G5 . o; uxg ljifonfO{ sfof{Gjog b"tfaf;, l/ofbaf6 k|dfl0ft ul/Psf ;/sf/n] dlxnf sfdbf/nfO{ sDtLdf cf+Gsf]nhL -6\o'd/;Fu ;DalGwt cfo'j{]bsf hfgsf/x¿ atfpF5g\ . ;]tL c~rn cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwfno
ug'c { l3 lgDg dfkb08x¿ agfP/ dfq} cfjZos ;SsnL 8s'd]G6x¿sf] b'O{ xKtf;Ddsf] tflndsf] Joj:yf SofG;/ lj1fg_ ljefusf k|fWofks wgu9Lsf cfo'jb{] lrlsT;s d'lStsfGt kGt ljho;fnsf] /; ld>Lt kfgL
j}wflgs¿kdf dlxnf 3/]n' sfdbf/ cfwf/df dfq >d Ohfht lbg'kg]{ . - ug{'kg]{ . oL dflysf a"9fx¿;lxtsf] xfsg cf]n;gn] cfˆgf] zf]wsf] lgoldt vfgfn] k]6;DaGwL /f]u lgd{n ' ug]{ / kfrgzlSt a9g] atfpg'xG' 5 .
v'nf ug{' ;'emfj lbg rfxG5'– -!_ g]kfn %_ dlxnf sfdbf/n] >d ljefuaf6 dfkb08 tof/ kf/L g]kfnL dlxnf dfWodaf6 of] k|dfl0ft u/]sf x'g\ . j}1flgs gfd …6]/f]sf/k; df;{lkdÚ /x]sf] ljho;fnsf] vf]6f], af]qmf /
k|fWofks cf]n;gsf cg';f/ 3fd kft;d]t g]kfnL ;dfhdf k/fk"j{sfnb]lv g} dxTjk"0f{ cfo'j]{lbs cf}iflwsf]
;/sf/ / ;fpbL ;/sf/aLr >d Ohfht kq kfP nuQ} /f]huf/ sfdbf/ 3/]n' -xfp;d]8_ df k7fOof] ¿kdf k|of]u x'bF c
} fPsf] 5 . o;sf] sf7af6 ag]sf efF8f s}nfnL, s~rgk'/sf]
;Demf}tf x'gk' g]{ . h;df hlt klg bftfsf]df p7\g' cufj} sDtLdf tLg eg], dlxnf sfdbf/n] s'g} klg tfKg] qmddf z/L/åf/f tof/ le6fldg d'Vo klxrfg g} alg;s]sf] 5 . ;'b/" klZrddf x'g] s'g} klg ;ef, ;df/f]xdf
dlxnf 3/]n' sfdbf/sf] k|jz ] f1f - dlxgfsf] k] : sL :j¿k clu| d ;d:of;Fu ;fdgf ug{k' g]{ lyPg / -8L sf] /ut hDg], dw'd]x / s]xL cfdlGqt cGo lhNnfsf cltlyx¿nfO{{ cfof]hs kIfn] ljho;fnsf efF8f
le;f_ sf] k|df0fLs/0f g]kfn ;/sf/n] kf/>lds kfpg' kg]{ . tL dlxnf sfdbf/n] klg OHhtsf cGo k|sf/sf 6\o'd/lj?4 z/L/nfO{{ pkxf/ k|bfg ug{] k/Dk/f yflnPaf6 ljho;fnsf] sf7af6 ag]sf efF8f oL
dfGotf lbPsf] ;fpbL sG;'n6] åf/f dfq} /f]huf/bftf;Dd k'Ug] ;a} vr{ ;fy s]xL cfocfh{g u/L :jb]z cfjZos k|lt/f]wL Ifdtf k|fKt x'g] b'O{ lhNnfsf] klxrfg ag]sf x'g . o;sf] sf7af6 7]sL, cDvf]/f, lunfF;h:tf
x'gk' g]{ . o;f] ubf{ s'g} klg dlxnf /f]huf/bftfn] g} a]xf]g{' kg]Ù{ dlxnf kms{ ] s f] lyof] . cWoIf, g] k fn ub{5 . cf]n;gsf cg';f/ ;fdfGotM efF8f agfO{ Jofkf/ ug{x] ¿n] s~rgk'/df /fd|f] cfDbfgL ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . of]
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ahf/df cfOk'Uof], k9\g g5'6fpg'xf]nf E-mail : info@imeremit.com, Web : www.imeremit.com
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s'/fsfgL x'GYof] . cd/ lu/L, s[i0f;]g hfFu/sf] rrf{ ul/GYof], ul/G5 . lbP klg ljeflht cf7 bnsf ;k{ ePsf] kl5Nnf] ;dofjlwsf c? s]6L–b'O{ a}gLsf] b'O{6f r'N6f, l/jg skfnsf] .
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s]6L– 7f8f] aUg] s0ff{nLo, t]5f]{ aUg] e]/L .
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u'? eGgfn] clxn]sf k|; ] sfplG;nsf klg cem cg'e"lt lbg ;Sg'x'G5 . s]6L– h'Dnfaf6 aUb} cfOuf], s:t'/Lsf lagf ..
cwoIfnfO{ a'‰g] eP . t/ gf/fo0f
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;+3if{ gu/L e}gf, 8/ dfGb5f} lsgf ..
efOefOsf] emu8f k8\of], afa'Ho" b}n]v .
gofF ;Qf Nofpg' k9\of, sfpnLsf] ;}n]v ..
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rrf{ x'bF f gf/fo0f u'? rrf{sf] ;tL;fn tfh} 5g\, ;fgf] uf}8] e]6sf s'/fx¿ kl/jt{ g sf/LnfO{ lrGtf nfUg' x'g] ls gx'g] k|Zg pl7/x]sf] 5 . s]6f– kfgLltvf{ nfu]sf] a]nf cdnf kf]nL cfpnf .
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ePsf] gftfn] bfª, ;Nofg ubf{ / o;}aLr pxfFaf6 lnlvt …Joj:yflksf ;s]g eg] To;sf] kl/0ff cfFsng ub}{ x¿ hGd]sf] cfefif eO/x]sf] 5 . s]6L– ;+ljwfg gn]Vg] ;f+;b, vfg] dfq} eQf .
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df}sf ldNof] . pQm e]6n] cem cfTdLo kf}8]nHo" sxfF k'Ubf k'/fgf lbgsf] 3f6sf] k08f / u+ufnfO{ t'ngf ub}{ ;fnb]lvsf if8\oGqnfO{ oyfjt\ /fVg] d]/f] Pp6f ph'/L 5,
ax;sf nflu k]z u/]sf] 5'
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hgk':tsfno, ;'b"/ klZrdf~rn ubf{ p7fOlbg' ePg . clg kmf]gaf6 oyfl:yltjfbLx¿sf] lbjf ;kgf k"/f :juu{df /Dg vf]Hg]x¿ ljutsf] lgGb|f x/fPsf] 5 .
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;xefuL eof] . ;|i6fsf] cfudgdf cfn]v ;d]l6Psf /x]5g\ . k'/fgf] ub}{ cf7 kf6L{sf o'jf zlQmx¿n] /fli6«otfdf v]naf8 x'Fbf :jfledfgL sf/afxL u/L kfpF,
ljrf/ cfbfgk|bfgsf] gfdfs/0f eP sDo'lg:6, vfl/Psf] ljrf/ cfbz{, kl/jt{gnfO{ ;fy lbg] ck]Iff u/]sf g]kfnLx¿n] /vaf/L ug]{ lbg cfO/x]sf d]/f] r}g sAhfdf kf/]sfx¿nfO{{,
h]n rnfg ul/Psf] x]g{kfpF .
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>j0f u/of] . xl/nfn lu/LhLn] Tof] eOlbPsf] eP b]zn] Pp6f ult aGg ?rfpg] x ¿sf] k" j f{ u | x / p7fOFb} 5g\ . gofF n]G8'kx¿ cjtf/L /f]h @*,
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;+ljwfg agfpF5f},
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cem a9L ctLtsf] :d/0f ub} { tTsfnLg ;dodf u~hfuf]nsf pkh ljwfos x'Fbf ;+;b\leqsf ljs[lt, df]8df k'us ] f] 5 . hgtfaf6 lt/:s[t d ;f]emf] g]kfnLnfO{ em'SofP/,
jt{dfgaf/]df klg hfGg] a'‰g] df}sf cf7 bnnfO{ ci6fjqmx¿ ;fjwfg lj;+ultnfO{ dfq k|:t't cg'el" tdfkm{t\ / x/fOPsfx¿ zf;gsf] afu8f]/ d]/f] cd"No dt lnPsfx¿,
kfPF . ;+s6sfnsf tTsfnLg kl/j]z eGb} Pp6f ;r] t ghful/ssf] phfu/ dfq ug' { ePsf] 5} g , ;DxfNb} k| h ftGqnfO{ lvNnL lgjf{rg lht]/,
;+ljwfg;efdf k'u]/ klg,
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;+;b\sf pDd]bjf/ klZrdsf kfsf] bnnfO{ nIodf gk' U b} cfkm} F d f jf:tljs / 5b\de]ifL if8\oGqnfO{ klg s}of}F ;b:ox¿ b]z hln/xFbf ljb]zsf] pgLx¿n] cfˆgf] st{Jo,
sDo' l g:6, kl/kSj JolQmTj / lrtf] / lrtf] / gu/ eGb} dw] ; v/f] ¿kdf gª\Uofpg] k|oTg ug'e { Psf] ;o/df dUg 5g\ . ctM oL ;a} ljs[lt, la;]{sf] kfPsf] 5' .
cleefjs kqsf/ s'zn Joj;flos cfGbf]ngn] k9fPsf] kf7sf] af/]df 5 . b]zdf jfdkGyLx¿sf] afx'No eP lj;+ultnfO{ lrg{sf] nflu csf]{ o'4sf] n'5fr'8L / efua08fdf,
dfq d:t e]6]sf] 5',
x'gs ' f] gftfn] klg pxfFkl| t cfb/efjsf] klg k|sfz kfg'e { Psf] 5 . u'? ultnf] klg ljleGg s'07fn] /f}F lr/f ePsf cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Fb5 } . cGtl/d ;xdltsf nflu,
;ldf /x] g . tTsfnLg ;dod} ;flxlTos ;h{ s x' g ' s f] gftfn] jfdkGyLx¿nfO{ oyfl:yltjfbLx¿n] Joj:yflksf ;+ ; b\ s f] sfo{ s fn ;++jfbsf gfddf,
g]kfnuGhaf6 k|sflzt x'g] afu]Zj/L nyflnË b]zsf] etfe'Ë rfnf b]Vbf /hfOF ul//x]sf] tYo;d]t ;fj{hlgs ;dflKtkl5sf oL / o:t} ljs[ltx¿ l/;f]6{sf :jflbi6 kl/sf/ Ho"gf/df,
6fOD; b}lgssf] af]8{ ;b:osf] ¿kdf cln a9L efj's klg agfPsf] 5 . ug'e { Psf] dfq 5}g Pdfn]n] gfdn] df]nfO/x]sf] jt{dfgdf u'?h:tf kfsf /fHosf] l9s'6L l/TofPsf] b]v]sf] 5',
>Ldfg,
d :jod\n] l;Sg'kg]{ hfGg'kg]{ s'/fx¿ hLjgsf pa{ / ;dob] l v cfk"mnfO{ sDo'lg:6 eg] klg p;sf] JoloQmsf] sfFwdf cem lhDd]jf/L d]/f] lkm/fb 5,
>j0f ug]{ cj;/ klg k|fKt u/] . ;fdGtjfb;F u l;Ëf} / L v] n ] s f blIf0fkGyL ofqf tLj|¿kdf cufl8 ylkPsf] 5 . To;}n] jt{dfgnfO{ ;d]6g\ ] dnfO{{ ;+ljwfg lbG5' eg]/,
u' ? n] o' u af] w nfO{ wgu9L;Dd JolQmTjn] ;fdGtjfbsf] lbjf:jkgf a9\b} efO sfFu|];sf] uf]/]6f]df ofqf u/L gf/fo0f u'?af6 csf]{ s[lt kfpg] e'mSofpg]x¿nfO{{ sf/afxL u/L kfpF,
lgMz'ns k7fpg'xG' Yof] . d k|foM laxfg k"/f x'g glbg ljleGg ;'emfj, ;Nnfx ul//x] s f] tYo klg ;fj{ h lgs cfzf /fVb} clxn]nfO{ olt dfq . d]/f] r}g sAhfdf kf/]sfx¿nfO{{,,
h]n rnfg ul/Psf] x]g{kfpF .

x]nDa'sf :ofp ca Oltxf; dfq


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;[hglzn 5f},
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lgld6ofGg ePkl5 klxn]s} cj:yfdf la?jfsf nflu ? Ps nfv cg'bfg k|fljlws cfjZos /x]sf] ls;fgsf] dfu x'bF f xfjfkfgL pko'St b]lvFbg} . To;}n] lgof]lht 9+un],
k'¥ofpg ls;fg nfluk/] klg ljleGg pknAw u/fPsf] uflj;sf k"jf{WoIf /x]sf] 5 . :ofpsf af]6 gkmi6fpg], kft kxFn ] f] x'g] dnfO{{ 5nsk6 u/],
sl7gfOsf sf/0f pgLx¿sf] d]xgt kf;fª z]kf{ atfpg'xG' 5 . ;f] uflj;sf clwsf+z JolStx¿ / ga9g] x'bF f :ofp nufpg l;kmfl/; b]Vgdf logn] d]/f],
dfq Ps dt n'6],
k'gM c;kmn x'bF } uO/x]sf] 5 . k|lts"n :jb]zL la?jfaf6 kmn gnfUg] ;fy} ufpFaf6 knfog ePsf sf/0fn] klg gu/]sf] cfn]sf] syg 5 . xfjfkfgLsf] t/ jf:tjd} logn] d]/f],
xfjfkfgL, cf}iflw pkrf/sf] sdL, sflZd/sf] :ofp a9L dL7f] x'g] ePsfn] :ofp v]tLnfO{{ c;/ k'¥ofPsf] 5 . b[li6n] ;f] uflj; cfn'vt] Lsf nflu ;j{Zj n'6] d]/f] lgGb|f,
plrt x]/rfx / k|fljlws 1fgsf] pt}af6 la?jf lemsfPsf] z]kf{sf] syg sltko sf7df8f}s F f] af}4df 3/hd u/]/ pko'St ePsfn] ls;fg cfn' v]tLtkm{ d]/f] r}g,
cefjn] ubf{ ls;fg c;kmn x'Fb} 5 . z]kf{sf cg';f/ j8f g+ @ sf] £ofË'n a;]sf 5g\ eg] k|foMh;f] o'jfo'jtL ;lqmo eP kmfObf lng'sf ;fy} cfn'sf] d]/f] ef]s,
d]/f] ;ayf]s n'6]
uO/x]sf x'g . b'O{ bzs cl3;Dd ufpFdf ztk|ltzt / j8f g+ ^ sf] o'/f]k, cd]l/sf, Sofgf8f tyf vf8L aLp pTkfbg s]Gb|sf] ¿kdf;d]t ljsf; >Ldfg,
x]nDa'sf] :ofp b]ze/ rlr{t lyof] . d]nfDr] £ofª tyf gfvf]t] ufpFdf *) /fi6«df /f]huf/Lsf nflu hfg] u/]sf ug{;lsg] pxfFsf] wf/0ff 5 . Xof]Ndf] logn] of]hgfa4,
t/, pTkfbg x'g yfn]sf] s]xL jif{kl5 k|ltzt la?jf nufOPsf] 5 . j8f g+ 5g\ . oxfF ul/a ls;fg, j[4j[4f / efiffdf …x]Ú sf] cy{ d'nf / …nfd'Úsf] d]/f] k|f0f n'6g vf]lh/x]5g\,
:ofpsf] af]6df :ofp nfu]kl5 To;sf] # sf] ;]tL£ofªdf %) k|ltzt, j8f g+ afnaflnsfsf] dfq a;f]jf; x'g] u/]sfn] cy{ cfn' x'G5 . ToxfF klxn]bl] v g} cfn' d]/f] lkm/fb 5,
l>dfg,
/f]syfd x'g g;sL ;vfk ePsf] $ / % sf] tfs]{ £ofª, j8f g+ & sf] :ofpsf] la?jfn] cfjZos uf]8d]n, / d'nf a9L kmNg] x'bF f ufpFsf] gfd st{Jo Hofg d'2fdf lognfO{{,
lyof] . C0f u/]/ ToxfFsf ls;fgn] ;s{ynL / j8f g+ ( df ;d]t s]xL cf}iflw pkrf/ / :ofxf/ gkfPsfn] x]nDa' x'bF } sfnfGt/df x]nDa' /xg uPsf] xb};Ddsf] sfaf{xL u/L kfpF .
ef/tsf] sflZd/af6 lemsfPsf la?jf /f]lkPsf 5g\ . ToxfFsf ls;fgnfO{{ la?jf kmi6fpg g;s]sf] cfzÍf syg /x]sf] / xfn uflj;sf] gfd g} cem} of] /fHodf,
:ofpsf la?jf 5f]6f] cjlwd} ;a} :ofpsf] la?jf vl/b ug{ b'O{ jif{;Dd ul/Psf] 5 . ;a} ljb]z knfog ePsfn] x]nDa' /x]sf] 5 . sfof{non] :ofpsf] sfg'gL zf;g 5 eg],
gLlt / lgod cl:tTjd} 5 eg],
d/]kl5 pgLx¿ C0f ltg{;d]t g;Sbf d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] ;fdflhs 3/ kms{s ] f a]nfdf dfq oxfFsf o'jfo'jtL la?jf nufpg l;kmfl/; gu/] klg >Ldfg,
ddf{xt ePsf lyP . Psk6s rrf{ pTyfg sfo{qmd -;'k_n] klg ? Ps b]Vg kfOg] 8]9 bzsb]lv ;f] uflj;df :yfgLo ls;fgn] sL6gfzs cf}iflw, d]/f] lkm/fb 5,
sdfPsf] :ofp v]tLnfO{{ s]xL jif{sf] nfv cg'bfg lbPsf] uflj; ;lrj sfo{/t uflj; ;lrj kf}8n ] n] cfˆgf] uf]8d]n, dnvfbsf] k|of]uh:tf s'/fdf logn] of]hgfa4,
lj>fdkl5 km]l/ hufpg ljut ^÷& gf/fo0fk|;fb kf}8n
] atfpg'xG' 5 . o; cg'ej ;'gfpg'xG' 5 . ls;fgn] :ofp ;lqmotf b]vfPdf s]xL xb;Dd ;'wf/ d]/f] k|f0f n'6g vf]lh/x]5g\,
d]/f] lkm/fb 5,
jif{bl] v ls;fg ;lqmo ePsf 5g\ . jif{ l;ldt¿kdf :ofp pTkfbg eP v]tLsf nflu dl/d]6] klg a9L kfgL x'g ;Sg] x'bF f cfˆgf] Wofg Totflt/ >Ldfg,
ls;fgn] :ofpsf nflu rlr{t ef/tsf klg la?jfsf] cj:yf bogLo ePsf] kg{] x'bF f lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] cfslift{ ePsf] afnL ;+/If0f clws[t st{Jo Hofg d'2fdf lognfO{{,
dgfnL, sflZd/ tyf lxdf~rn pxfFsf] egfO 5 . df6f]df cDnLokg ;f] 7fpFdf :ofpsf] la?jf nufpg nf]sG] b| af]x/fn] atfpg'eof] . xb};Ddsf] sfaf{xL u/L kfpF .
@)^& ;fn d+l;/ @^ ut] cfOtaf/ ˆ7
Pstfsf]=== ju{ / ;fd|fHojfb d'vL j:t'sf] ¿kdf
oy]i6 k};f lt/]/ dfq k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]
@))& df ePsf] xjfO{ gLlt
k'g/fjnf]sg ;dembf/L tyf zf/hxfF vfB==== ljefusf /fh]Gb| ef/LnfO{ l;kmfl/;
u/]sf] 5 . dGqLn] k'gM cfkm:"mlgs6sf
ljifox¿ b:tfj] h Ls/0f ug{
g;lsPsf] eGb} pxfFn] cfufdL lbgdf
nfdf] ;+3if{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . nfdf] lzIffsf] k|ltlqmofjfbL rl/q xf] . ;/sf/sf] gful/s p•og ljefusf] k7fOPsf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . t/, JolStnfO{ l;kmfl/; u/] klg Okmf8n] To;af/] ljrf/ ug]{ atfpg'eof] .
;+3if{ kl5sf] pknlAwsf ¿kdf k|fKt hgjfbL lzIff k| 0 ffnL s] x L cg'/f]w cg'¿k Pc/ c/]laofnfO{{ o;df ljefusf] klg ldn]dtf] b]lvG5 clxn];Dd :jLs[lt lbPsf] 5}g . sfo{qmddf qmflGtsf/L kqsf/
ePsf] u0ftGqnfO{{ hgtfsf] ;+3Lo cfwf/e"t rl/qsf ;fy /x]sf] x'G5 . cg'ldt lbOPsf] xf] . xjfO{ ;Demf}tf lsgeg] r}q !* df cvfBo eg]/ dGqfnon] l;kmfl/; u/]sf JolStnfO{ ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf dx]Zj/ bfxfn,
u0ftGqdf ¿kfGtl/t ug{sf nflu hgjfbL lzIff k|0ffnLdf n]vg–k9gsf] adf]lhdsf] ;xdltkqdf ef/t / k7fPsf] t] n j} z fv ^ ut] Okmf8n] :jLs[lt lbPsf] eP of] O{ltxf;ljb 8f=;'/G] b| s];L, gofFlkqsf
s8f ;+3if{ ug{sf nflu qmflGtsf/Ln] pd]/ k'u]sf sf]xL klg lg/If/ /xg' yfONof08nfO{{ kfFrf}F :jtGqtfsf] k'gMk/LIf0fdf 7Ls ePsf] eGb} p;n] kl/of]hgf c;f/ dlxgfaf6 ;'? b} g lssf cWoIf Pjd\ ;Dkfbs
ljz]if sfo{qmd Nofpg h?/L 5 . x'Gg, lg/If/tf pGd'ngsf] k||fylds clwsf/ gkfpg] pNn] v 5 . laqmL ug{ ;+:yfgnfO{{ kq k7fPsf] eO;Sg] lyof] . dGqLsf] unt lg0f{sf s[i0fHjfnf b]jsf]6f / sflGtk'/
g]kfnL ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] clåtLo cleofg x'g'kb{5 . lzIff hLjgsf lgudnfO{{ Psnf}6L ahf/ lbg] xf]Og lyof] . To;sf] ^ lbgkl5 ljefun] sf/0f kl/of]hgf k|efljt ePsf] 6]lnlehgsf ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs tLy{
Tofu, ;dk{0f / alnbfgLk"0f{ ;+3if{sf] nflu eGg] cleofgsf ;fy hLjg ls k|lt:kwL{ agfpg] ;/sf/sf] gLlt /x:odo tl/sfn] laqmL ug{afFsL dGqfno ;|ft] n] atfPsf] 5 . kl/of]hgf sf] O { / fnfn] k' : tsaf/] l6Kk0fL
aLrdf vf/LPsf] o; ;+u7gn] dxfg\ pkof]uL k|fljlws / ;[hgfTds ePsf] ko{6g dGqfnosf] bfjL 5 . /x]sf] t]n :yfgLo k|;fzgsf] /f]xj/df ;' b " / klZrdsf] c5fd / ug'{eof] . hgo'4sf ;xefuL cfkm}+n]
hgo'4 / )^@÷)^# sf] P]ltxfl;s x'g'kb{5 . lzIffn] /fi6«kd ]| / /fli6«o b' O kIfLo xjfO{ ;Demf} t f / gi6 ug{ lgb]z { g;lxtsf] kq klg dWoklZrdsf b}n]v, hfh/sf]6, n] v ] s f] x' g fn] k' : tssf]
hgcfGbf] n gsf] ;xL lbzf :jfwLgtfsf] kIfdf :jfledfgsf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] ;dembf/L lgud k7fPsf] lyof] . h'Dnf, sflnsf]6, ;Nofg, ;'v]{t, cflwsfl/stfdf lj:jf; ug{ sl7gfO{
;fdGtjfbsf ;Dk"0f{ cjz]if"x¿sf] ljsf;, ;fdflhs cGofo / ljifdtfsf] ;d]tsf] /fodf ul/Psf] x'bF f clxn]sf] ljefusf k|jQmf k|df]b sf]O/fnfn] 8f]Nkf, d'u' / x'Dnfdf ;~rfng ug{ gx'g] l6KKf0fLsf/x¿sf] lgisif{ lyof] .
cGTo, :jfwLg / ;fj{ef}d ;Qf ;DkGg lj?4 ljb|f]x hGdfpg] / >dk|lt lg0f{oaf6 geO{ klxn]s} ;xdlt ldlt ;lsPsfn] t]n vfg gldNg] nfluPsf] 5 . !% xhf/ s[ifsnfO{ ;fksf]6fsf] pQm k':tssf] g]kfnL
b]z, gof" hg;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f, ;Ddfg ug]{ x'g'k5{ . lzIff /fHon] sfof{Gjog dfq ul/Psf] ko{6g ePsf] atfpFb} gi6 g} ug{'kg]{ / nfe k'¥ofpg] / #& xhf/ ls;fgn] z+:s/0f …pynk'ynsf b; jif{Ú Ps
;dfg'kflts ;xeflutf, ;+3Lo ;+/rgf k|bfg ug]{ clgjfo{ ;]jf xf] . of] dGqfnosf sfg'g x]g{ pk;lrj /~hg To;sf nflu ;/sf/L k|lqmof k"/f /f]huf/L kfpg] nIo /flvPsf] of] jif{ cl3 k|sfzg ePsf] lyof] .
;lxt /fHosf] k'g{;+/rgf, hftLo / ;j{ ; ' n e clgjfo{ / lgMz' N s cof{nn] atfpg'eof] . ug'k{ g]{ ePsfn] s]xL l9nfO{ ePsf] kl/of]hgf ;g\ @)!% ;Ddsf nflu
juL{o pTkL8gsf] cGTosf nflu x'g'kb{5 . of] /fi6«sf] cfjZostf, ælgudsf] ;xdlt glnOsg atfP .ljefun] u'0f:t/ 7Ls 5 egL ;~rfng x'g nfu]sf] xf] . kl/of]hgf cWoIfn]===
casf] af6f] :ki6 ¿kdf s]Gb|Lt OR5f cg'sn " k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] x'gk' 5{ . p8fg cg'dlt lbg ;lsGg, ljutsf k|ltj]bg lbP/ kl5 gi6 ug{ lgb]z { g dxfb]jnfO{ lgo'St ug{ c;kmn lg0f{o ;Rofpg' k5{ . xf]Og eg] xfdL
ug'{kg]{ 5 . To;af6} xfdL hgtfsf] kL5l8Psf] ;dfhnfO{{ tLa| cu|ult ;dembf/L lgudsf] ;xdltdf lbPkl5 ;+:yfgn] ut c;f/ @( ut] ePkl5 dGqL ofbjn] Pl;ofnL ljsf; ;dfgfGt/ s]lGb|o sld6L u7g u5f}F{ .
;+3Lo u0ftGqtkm{ hfg ;lsg] 5 . lbg lzIffdf ljlzli6s/0f klg ePsf] n ] of] klxn] s } ;xdlt clVtof/ b' ¿ kof] u cg' ; Gwfg a}s
+ sf] ;xof]udf ;~rfng x'g nfu]sf] To;sf nflu xfdL;Fu ax'dt 5 .Ú
xhf/f}+ ;lxb, a]kQf, ckfËsf Tofu ul/g'k5{ , To;df oy]i6 j}1flgs / sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] xf],Æ cof{nn] cfof] u df ph' / L xfn] s f] lyof] . csf]{ kl/of]hgf lk|Hd -k|f]h]S6 km/ cg]/f:jljo'sf] @) cf}F lgjf{rgdf
/ alnbfg , nfvf}+ nfv g]kfnL cGj]if0ffTds x'g' clgjfo{ 5 . lzIffsf] yKg'eof] . Pc/ c/]laofn] xjfO{ ph'/Lkqdf u'0f:t/o'St t]n gi6 /fOlhª Ogsd km/ :dn PG8 zf]leot 9sfn / dfwj 9'Ë]nsf] b'O{
hgtfn] d]x]gt / kl/>d u/]/ k|fKt k|efjsf/Ltf gLlt lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf 6«flkms sd ePsf] a]nf /flq ;dodf ubf{ /fli6«o ;DklQsf] b'¿kof]u x'g] ldl8od kmfd{\;_ df pgnfO{ k|d'v Kofgn v8f ePsf] lyof] . lgjf{rgdf
u/]sf pknAwLx¿sf] hudf 6]s]/ kIfdf /x]sf] x'G5 . o;sf] ;xL kIfdf p8fgsf] cg'dlt kfPsf] 5 . Pc/ ePsfn] o;sf] ;+/If0f ug{ a]Rg] agfPsf 5g\ . dWo tyf ;+:yfkg kIfsf] ;dy{g kfPsf 9sfn
cu| u fdL lbzfdf hfgsf nflu g} hgjfbL lzIffsf] hLjg / cl:tTj c/]laofn] cg'dlt kfPkl5 p8fg cg'dlt kfpg'kg]{ pNn]v 5 . xfn ;'b"/klZrdsf u|fdL0f ls;fgsf] k/flht x'g' ePsf] lyof] eg] cWoIfdf
gLltut / sfo{qmlds lg0f{o lng /x]sf] x'G5 . ;dfh ljsf;sf] lgod, ;~rfng ubf{ u|fp08 x[of08lnË clVtof/n] o;af/] cfjZos cWoog cfo:t/ j[l4sf nflu ;~rfng x'g lgjf{lrt 9'Ë]nnfO{{ Pdfn] g]tfåo
cfjZos 5 . xfdLn] o; /fli6«o r]tgf / /fhgLlt lzIffaf6 k[ys /xg lgudn] g} u5{ . To;sf] s/jfkt ul//x]sf] 5 . ljefun] r}tdf t]n nfu]sf] of] kl/of]hgfsf nflu P8LaLn] dfwjs'df/ g]kfn / s]kL zdf{
;Dd]ngaf6 cem} gof" k|lta4tf / ;Sb}g . To;}n] juL{o ;dfhdf lzIffsf] lgudn] kfFr s/f]8 / k|flws/0fn] laqmLdf /f]s nufPkl5 @! xhf/ b'O{ s/f]8 @% nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ cf]nLsf] ;dy{g lyof] .
ln6/dfq t]n afFsL /x]sf] eGg] unt
;+sNk ub}{ hgtfsf] ;+3Lo u0ftGq
:yfkgfsf] nflu dxfg\ hgo'4df h;/L
rl/q klg juL{o x'G5 . c;dfg cj;/
/ ;dfg k|lt:kwf{ hgjfbL lzIffsf]
jif{ cf7 s/f]8 kmfObf ug{ ko{6g
dGqfnosf ;lrj yfkfn] ;"rgf lbO{ dxfk|aGws xl/gf/fo0f
a/fa/sf] ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ ePsf]
5 . kl/of] h gfsf nflu ljQLo
lkmtf{===
zfxn] ljleGg tl/sfaf6 xtf/–xtf/ ug'{nfO{{ ;+of]u dfq 7fGg' e'n dfq
x]lng' kb{5 . rl/q xf]Og . atfpg'eof] . ælgudn] ;Demf}tf ;Demf}tf geP klg l8;]Da/ dlxgfsf] xf] . /fs]z ;'bg} /fhb"t eP klg
g]kfnL hgtfn] ljutb]lv g} lzIffnfO{{ ;xL af6f]df 8f]¥ofpgsf gul/sg cjt/0f / p8fg ug{ sl/a $) xhf/ ln6/ t]n laqmL clGtd ;ftf;Dd ;Demf} t f x' g ]
u/]sf] ;|f]tn] atfof] . t/, of] s'/f g]kfnL sfFu|]; / Pdfn];Fu p;sf]
ljleGg ¿kdf /fli6«o :jfwLgtf / nflu plrt gLlt agfpg h?/L 5 . ;lsFbg} , lgudn] kfPsf] Psflwsf/df tof/Ldf 5 . of] kl/of] h gfsf] ;DaGw slxNn} lalu|Psf] lyPg g t
;fj{ef}d;Qfsf nflu cfjfh p7fp"b} k'/fgf] lzIff gLltn] s]jn lzlIft pSt Pc/n] cg' d lt kfPkl5 ;+ : yfgsf s] x L pRrtxsf sfo{ s f/L lgsfosf ¿kdf s[ l if
sd{rf/Lafx]s c?nfO{{ yfxf gePsf] dw]zjfbL bnx¿ g} p;sf] ;DaGwdf
cfPsf 5g\ . clxn] g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf a]/f]huf/ pTkfbg afx]s s]xL gug]{ k|lt:kwf{ a95,Æ ;lrj yfkfsf] dGqfno 5 . gj]l{ hog ;xof]u lgof]u, 7" n f] lu/fj6 cfPsf] lyof] .
Oltxf;d} ;a}eGbf a9L hf]lvddf 5 . lglZrt 5 . To;}n] ljBfno lzIff syg lyof] . nfvf} + s f] ;+ V ofdf ;|f]tsf] egfO 5 . dxflgb]{zs zfx Ol;df]8 / :yfgLo u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf]
clxn] klg e08f/df /x]sf] t]n dfcf]jfbL;Fu} hg:t/df eg] ef/tsf]
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbn] /fhgLlt, ;Ldf, clgjfo{ / lgMz'Ns, ljZjljBfno dn]l;of ljb]lzg] g]kfnLn] clxn] ;dGjodf kl/of]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g] Od]h /;ftndf g} k'u]sf] lyof] /
;]gf, cy{, ;f+:s[lt, hn>f]t nufot lzIff hgtfsf] kx'"rdf, lzIffdf a+unfb]zsf] 9fsf, ef/tsf] lbNnL / laqmLdf ;3fp k'¥ofpg ljleGg dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . kl/of]hgfdf
lgsfosf JolStx¿;Fu cfu|x ub}{ 5 . o;y{ ef/tLo lg0f{on] ef/tsf]
;a} If]qdf gfËf] x:tIf]k emg\kl5 ;fdGtjfbsf] cGTo, lzIffdf yfONof08sf] a}+ss x'Fb} hfg'kg{] g]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 !! s/f]8 g] k fnk| l t hf/L gLltdf s] x L
emg\ tLa| kf/]sf] 5 . k|To]s If]qdf gLlhs/0f / Jofkf/Ls/0fsf] cGTo, afWotf 5 . b'O{ ljdfg /x]sf] lgudsf] lxF8s] f] ;|ft] n] sf/f]af/nfO{{ atfof] .t/, ¿k}ofF …Soflrª kmG8Ú 5 . s[lif Joj;fo
;+:yfg eg] cem} t]n gi6 ul/xfNg] ;+zf]wgsf] ;+s]t eg] u/]sf] 5 /
o:tf] 7f8f] x:tIf]k /lx/x];Dd b]z Jojxfl/s / /f]huf/d"ns lzIff xfn Pp6f ljdfg u|fp08]8 5 . k|a4{g tyf ahf/ pGd'v pTkfbgsf dfcf]jfbL;Fusf] hf/L ult/f]wsf]
:jfwLg x'g ;St}g / hgtf klg nufotsf Ph] 0 8fnfO{ { tTsfn xKtfdf ^ p8fg ubf{ k|lt p8fg kIfdf 5}g . vfgsf of]Uo geP klg nflu Okmf8n] Ps s/f]8 ** nfv
cGo s'g} cf}Bf]lus k|of]hgsf nflu ljifonfO{{ lnP/ of] 7"nf] cfO;a|]s
;fj{ef}d x'g ;St}gg\ . o; lsl;dsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ :ki6 z}lIfs vfsf !() ofq' b/n] jif{df ;a} #!@ cd]l/sL 8n/ ;xof]udWo] cfwf C0f ;flat x'g] s'/fdf eg] s'/} z+sf 5}g .
x:tIf]kaf6 b]znfO{{ d'Qm u/L :jtGq, ;lxt gof" " lz/faf6 z} l Ifs p8fgaf6 %( xhf/ @*) ofq';Dd sfd nfU5 ls eg]/ p;n] cWoog / cfwf cg'bfg lbg nfu]sf] xf] .
ul//x]sf] 5 . Ps clwsf/Ln] eg], Ps lx;fan] of] ef/tLo lg0f{o
:jfwLg / ;fj{ e f} d ;Qf ;DkGg
agfpgsf nflu /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf
cfGbf]ngsf] p7fg ug{ o; /fli6«o
;Dd]ngn] 7f]; lg0f{o u/L cfjZos
lgudn] cf];fg{ ;S5 . :d/0fof]Uo
5 ls ut Ps cfly{s jif{df >d …klxnf] k6s t]n hfRg NofpFbf ldlt /fli6« o===
hg;]gfnfO{{ ckdfg ul/P O{ltxf;
dfcf]jfbLsf] dfusf] ef/ttkm{af6
u'h]|sf] eGg] yfxf ePg / ha ldlt ul/Psf] ;'g'jfO klg xf] . k|r08
nflu ;Dk"0f{ Wofg s]Gb|Lt ug'{kg]{ sbd rfNg h?/L 5 . dGqfnoaf6 ! nfv !$ xhf/n] >d dfly cGofo x'g] dx/fsf] egfO{ lyof] . k|wfgdGqL x'bF f klg pgn] /fhLgfdf
l:ylt cfPsf] 5 . b]z :jfwLg qmflGtsf/Lsf] Pstfsf] !* cf}+ :jLs[lt lnPsf]df sf7df8f}+l:yt u'h]|sf] yfxf eof], ta ljefun] a]Rg hg;]gfnfO{{ ckdfg gug{ cfu|x ub}{
lbPg .Ú vfB P]gcg';f/ pkef]Uo ug{' cufl8 ;'b;Fu xf]Og ef/taf6
gx'"bf;Dd b]zn] ljsf;sf] af6f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] cfkm\gf gLltnfO{{ dn]l;ofnL /fhb"tfjf;n] ! nfv %! pxfFn] To;f] ul/P cfkm"x¿nfO{{ ;Xo /fhg}lts b"t;Fu jftf{ ug{] rfxgf
klxNofpg c;Dej 5 . b]znfO{{ :ki6 ¿kdf cfd ljBfyL{ x ¿sf j:t'sf] Dofb gf3]df laqmL / k|of]u gx'g] r]tfjgL lbg'eof] .
xhf/ ##( nfO{{ le;f lbPsf] lyof] . ug{ kfOFbg} . P]gn] j:t'sf] n]an /fVg] JoSt u/]sf lyP . ef/tn] Tolta]nf
pGglt / k|ultsf] lbzfdf cufl8 xslxt / clwsf/ , z}lIfs dfu cfj @)%).)%! b] l v cfj dfcf]jfbL gful/s kf6L{ gePsf] g]kfndf s'g} b"t t k7fPg t/
a9fpgsf nflu b] z :jfwLg / ;lxt hghLljsf, hgtfsf] u0ftGq, jf ldlt tf] S g kfpg] clwsf/ eGGf] ljkIfL bnx¿sf] cf/f]ksf]
@)^%.)^^ ;Dd $ nfv %% xhf/ pBf]unfO{{ g} lbPsf] 5 . ToxLFaf6 s/]S;g ;'? ug{] ;+st] eg]
hgtfnfO{{ ;fj{ef}d ;DkGg agfpg /fli6«o :jfwLgtf / hglzIffsf nflu ^*% g]kfnLn] >d :jLs[lt kfP/ k|ltjfb ub}{ g]tf dx/fn] hg;]gffnO{ lbPsf] lyof] . rLglt/ nxl;g ;'?
h?/L 5 . To;}n] o; /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn]
/fli6«o :jfwLgtfnfO{{ c? dha't
s;/L cufl8 a9\g] eGg]] gof"" vfsf dn]l;of uPsf lyP . æoL tYof+snfO{{ cfjZos=== c:yfoL lzlj/ / xltof/ sG6]g/df u/]sf] cf/f]k v]lk/x]sf] P= dfcf]jfbL
sf]g{ h?/L 5 . clg dfq xhf/f}+ ;lxb, x]bf{ klg cg'dlt lbg' kg{] Pc/ atfpg'eof] . zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] /fv]/ r'gfjdfkm{t\ ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bn / ef/taLr ca gofF 9Ëaf6 ;DaGw
¿kdf p7fp"b} To; lbzftkm{ s]Gb|Lt a]kQf / 3fOt]n] u/]sf] Tofu, tk:of c/]laofn] ;ft p8fg dfUbf ^ dfqsf] cfzf / cfsf+IffnfO{ t'iff/fkft x'g eO;s]sf] zlQmnfO{{ cgful/s bn ;'? ug]{ ef/tLo rfxgf klg of]
x'g] k|lta4tf hgfpg h?/L 5 . clg alnbfgsf] ;Ddfg x' g ] 5 . cg'dlt kfPsf] 5,Æ pk;lrj /~hg glbg] a? qmflGtsf] df]8]n kl/jt{g eGg gldNg] :k:6 ug'e { of] . csf]{ lg0f{oleq n'ss ] f] ;xh} a'‰g ;lsG5 .
g]kfnL ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng xfn;Dd ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngdf b]vfkg{ yfn]sf] cof{nsf] egfO lyof] . g]kfn jfo';j] f u/]/ To;nfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] cWoIf Ps km/s k|;Ëdf dx/fn] dfcf]jfbL ef/tsf] lg0f{o ;a} /fhg}lts bnn]
ljz]if u/L /fhgLlts cfGbf]ngdf af]wf]kgnfO{{ k/f:t u/L km]l/ o;nfO{{ lgudsf dxfk|jGws s'naxfb'/ k|r08n] k|lta4tf hgfpg'eof] . hËnaf6 geO{ hgtfsf] aLraf6 :jfut u/] klg of] l;wf kmfObf eg]
s] G b| L t x' g k' u ] s f] 5 lsgsL wfl/nf] ¿kdf cufl8 ;fb}{ cfkm\gf] lnDj' n ] lqe' j g cGt/f{ l i6« o k|r08n] qmflGtk|lt if8\oGq eP ;Dk'0f{ cfPsf] atfpg' e of] . …b; jif] { dfcf]jfbLn] g} lng] eg] kSsfkSsL 5 .
/fhgLlts kl/jt{g lagf z}lIfs ;8s af3sf] klxrfgnfO{{ cem pRr ljdfg:yndf p8fg cjt/0fsf] rfk SofDk;x¿ qmflGtsf Aof/]sdf kl/0ft hgo'4sf] ;dodf d Ps lbg klg csf]{ lx;fadf eGg] xf] eg] ;'bsf]
kl/jt{g ;Dej 5}g . t/ ljut 5 :t/df k'¥ofpg of] ;Dd]ng ;kmn cTolws /x]sf atfpg'eof] . æk"jf{wf/ x' g ] r] t fjgL lbg' e of] . @! cf} F hËn al;gÚ dx/fn] eGg' e of] lkmtf{ n ] ef/tk| l tsf] dfcf] j fbL
bzssf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngb]lv p7\b} x'g]5 . cfd ljBfyL{ aLrdf clvn - ga9fO{ / /fli6«o Wjhfjfxs ;Ifd ztfAbLdf qmflGtsf] ljsf; ug{]tkm{ hgtfnfO{{ hËn b]Vg' b'ef{Uok"0f{ ljifo cfqmf]zn] cw{w} flgstf kfPsf] 5 /
cfPsf z}lIfs d'2fx¿ cem} k"/f qmflGtsf/L_ k|lt /x]sf] cfzf, ljZjf; dfcf]jfbL nflu/x]sf] klg pxfFn] xf] .Ú pxfFn] ;fksf]6fsf] k':tsn] ;Fu;Fu} sfFu;]| / Pdfn]sf] Pp6f kIf
geO~h] n o:tf ;Demf} t fdf
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$% jif{b]lv p7\b} cfPsf] hgjfbL ;+jb] gzLn x'gk' 5{, xjfO dfu{ eg]sf]
sfo{gLlt / sfo{of]hgf;lxt ljBfyL{ k} ; f;F u t' n gf x' F b } g ,Æ lnDj' n ] la;+ultx¿ b]lvPsf] atfpFb} pxfFn] nflu ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] lj:jf;;d]t O/]hg} u/]/ cuf8L a9g] lgotdf lyof]
lzIffsf] cjwf/0ff / dfunfO{{ :yflkt cfGbf]ng xf"Sg] ;a} of]Uotf, Ifdtf / ljBfyL{x¿n] la;+ultx¿nfO{ r'gf}lt JoQm ug'e { of] . hgo'4sf af/]df y'k}| ;'bsf] lkmtf{;uF } /ge'Nndf k/]sf] 5 .
ug]{ sfo{ clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] eGg'eof] . 5nkmndf ;ef;b\x¿n]
lj1tf ePsf gof" g]tT[ jsf] 6Ld lgdf{0f yfO Pc/nfO{G;;Fu} :yfkgf ePsf] lbg'kg]{df hf]8 lbg'eof] . pxfFn]
g]t[Tjdf ePsf] 5 . o; :yflkt
dfunfO{{ ca lj:tf/} sfof{Gjogdf
ug'{ of] ;Dd]ngsf] P]ltxfl;s sfo{ef/
/x]sf] 5 . To;n] dfq qmflGtsf/Ln]
g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] cj:yf g] k fnsf] Oltxf;df ljBfyL{
cfGbf]ngn] /fhgLltnfO{ gofF df]8 lbg]
ljrf/ hut\sf] cnUu} uf]/6] f]
n}hfg' h?/L 5 . z}lIfs pknAwL lbgk|ltlbg sdhf]/ x'Fb} hfg' /
lbPsf] æhgtfsf] u0ftGq, /fli6«o lgudsf] hxfh l9nf] ;~rfngsf] u/]sf] klg atfpg'eof] . kl/jt{gsf]
z'Go k|foM ePsf] l:yltdf xfdLn] :jfwLgtf / hglzIffsf] nflu Pstfsf] axfs zlSt dfcf]jfbL ePsf]n]
/fhgLlts kl/jt{ g sf ;fy;fy} kof{o aGg'df bf]if s;sf] xf] eGg]
!* cf}+ /fli6«o ;Dd]ngÆ eGg] d"n k|Zg ug{e ' Psf] lyof] . sfd rnfp p;k|lt ljZjJofkL Wofg /x]sf] klg
z}lIfs kl/jt{gnfO{{ hf]8 lb+b} hglzIff gf/f ;fsf/ x'g5 ] . pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . k|r08n] 5}7f}F
k|FlKtsf nflu cem a9L cfGbf]lnt ;/sf/n] p8fg cg'dlt lbg kfpg]
-cWoIf kf]v/f ljZjljBfno lj:tfl/t a}7sdf g]t[Tjsf] nflu
x'g'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 . o;
;dodf xfdLn] hgjfbL lzIff
pkTosf ;ldlt_ jf gkfpg] eGg] ;ef;b\x¿sf] lh1f;f
lyof] . ;ef;b\ v8\ u axfb' / tF5f8d5f8 xf]Og qmflGtnfO{ s;/L gof“ c+s ahf/df cfp“b5
} .
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k|flKtsf] cfGbf]ngnfO{{ klg hf]8]/
n}hfg h?/L 5 . b]zdf ljBdfg lzIff
k|0ffnLn] hgtfdf e|d k}bf ug]{,
;]jf rnfO{ /x]sf]n] lgudsf] clxn]sf]
r' g f} l tk" 0 f{ cj:yfdf /fli6« o
ljZjsdfn] xjfO{ p8fg cg'dlt,
hxfh vl/b / cGo gLltut ljjfbdf
gfu/Ls p•og k| f lws/0f ;F w }
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dfcf]jfbL pkfWoIf df]xg j}B, 8f=
n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf
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;/sf/n] c/]laofnfO{{ p8fg cg'dlt ljBfyL{ O~rfh{ g] q ljqmd rGb /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s,
ug],{ goF" kL9LnfO{{ k|f/Deb]lv g} g}lts cg'dlt :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ dgfl;j …ljKnknnufot s] G b| L o :t/sf
e|i6 agfpg] / hgtfsf] eljionfO{{ gb]lvPsf] atfpg'eof] . æsdhf]/ lbg' slt ;fGble{s 5 eGg] k|Zg
g]tfx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
k'/ftflTjs, dgf]/~hg, v]ns'bnufot;Tu ;DalGwt
k|ltufdL lbzfdf ws]Ng] sfd ul//x]sf] cfly{ s cj:yfdf lgud ;Ifd ug{'eof] . ;ef;b\x¿ ;Ltf u'?Ë, /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf n]v, /rgf Pj+ /fli6«o tyf
5 . o:tf] l:yltdf b]zdf hgd'vL, geO~h]n ljb]zL k|lt:kwL{ ;+:yfnfO{{ gljGb|/fh hf]zL, nSsL z]kf{, sdnf
yfkf, hf]uaxfb'/ dx/f, ;Gtaxfb'/
s[lif=== :yfgLo dxTjsf ;dfrf/ ;fdu|L / tl:j/x¿ pknAw
;j{ ; ' n e, k| u ltzLn, j} 1 flgs xfdLn] ;]jf rnfPsf ljGb'x¿df kfFrf} pgL pk;lrj txsf JolSt x'g\ .
Jojxfl/s / /f]huf/d"ns lzIff :jtGqtf clwsf/ :jLs[lt lbg' g]kfnL nufotn] Pc/ c/]laofn] u/fO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g ;DalGwt ;a}df cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
pgnfO{ clxn] Pl;ofnL ljsf; a}s
+ sf] k|fKt ;dfrf/ / /rgfx¿ k|sflzt ug]÷ { gug]{ ;Dk"0f{
k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf ug{ cToGt h?/L dgfl;j 5}g,Æ sfo{sf/L cWoIf p8fg ubf{ s/ ltg{gkg]{ / ljut ;xof]udf ;~rflnt kl/of]hgfsf]
ePsf] 5 . o; sfdsf] nflu b]zsf s+;fsf/n] eGg'eof] . lgudsf] b'OdWo] gfkmfdf ePsf] lgud b'/fj:yfdf k|d'v agfOPsf] 5 . ut j}zfvdf clwsf/ ;Dkfbsdf lgxLt x'g]5 . k|sflzt gePsf
;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm, hgtflGqs, jfdkGyL Pp6f hxfh u|fp08]8 ePsf sf/0f k'us] f] ljifotkm{ ldltsf] Wofg cfs[i6 Okmf8 / s[lif dGqfnoaLr dWo / ;fdu|Lx¿ lkmtf{ gul/g] ePsfn] cfk"m;Fu d"nk|lt /fv]/
zlQmx¿ nufot lzIFs, ljBfyL{, ;fKtflxs ^ dWo] tLg p8fg eO{ ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;ldltsf ;efklt ;'b"/klZrdsf !) lhNnfdf pRr dfq k7fpg'xf]nf .
cleefjs, ls;fg, dhb"/ / ;Dk"0f{ cfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] eg] lgudsf] kßd/fh ljZjsdf{n] o;af/]df d"Nosf s[lifj:t' pTkfbgsf nflu
hgjfbL zlQmx¿ Ps eP/ ;+3if{
ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . ;xhtf,
/fli6«o cfjZostf / j}1flgstf
c;xdlt /x]klg g]kfn gfu/Ls
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atfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] pbf/ xjfO{
gfu/Ls p•og dGqLnfO{{ af]nfP/
o;;DaGwL lj:t[t ¿kdf a'emg]
lg0f{o ePsf] atfpg'eof] . To;sf]
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;x;lrj:t/sf sd{ r f/LnfO{ afuahf/, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!
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hLjg pkof]uL aGg g;s]sf], ;fdGt b'OkIfLo xjfO{ ;Demf}tf adf]lhd ;g\ tf]lsPsf] 5 . k7fpg cfu|x u/]kl5 dGqfnon] s[lif
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hgtfn] hgtfåf/f hgtfsf]
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sf/0f x'g ;S5 g]kfnsf ax';+Vos
ul/a, lgd'vf tyf ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
kIfdf tyf ltgsf] /Iff clg
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b"/L c? a9\b} 5 . dfcf]jfbLnfO{
lgxLt :jfy{sf] nflu b]z b'lgofF aaf{b
kfg{ ;S5g\, ck/fw g} ck/fwsf]
;+;f/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;S5g\, oxL g}
cw]/ gu/L rf}k6 b]z lgsf;sf] nflu gof“ o'4
xf] eg] / k9fpg] cyjf k9\ g ljsf;sf] lglDt kqsfl/tf If]q;d]t PSNofpg], 3]/faGbL ug]{ tyf s'g} klg logLx¿sf] k];fut wd{ xf] eGg] s'/f klxnf–klxnf b]zdf a]lylt x'bF f cw]/ gu/L rf}k§ /fhf eGg] ul/GYof] . ca
l;sfpg]x¿sf] cg'xf/ ;Dembf;d]t lbgk| l tlbg c? pbf;Lg aGb} ¿kdf jf s'g} klg dfg]df kl/jt{g xfd|f] b]zsf] cj:yf tyf logLx¿sf] eg] /f0ffsf lbg uP . g]kfndf ;d]t k|rlnt of] nf]sf]lQm clxn] Hofb} dfld{s /
tLj| 3[0ff pTkGg x'g yfn]sf] 5 . uO/x]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] ul/aL, clzIff /f]Sb} oyfl:ylt nDAofpg] p2]Zo ;fy /a} o fn] 5n{ Ë kf/] s f] 5 . t/, ;do;fGble{s ePsf] b]lvG5 . b]z hln/xFbf afF;/' Lsf] w'gdf dUg ePsf lg/f]
olb g]kfndf k"0f{ k|hftGq cyjf tyf c1fgtf;Fu s;}nfO{ s'g} ;/f]sf/ ;' ? ul/Psf] dfcf] j fbLOt/sf] cfdhgtf, k];fut ljleGg ;+3, h:t} sfdrnfp k|wfgdGqL sfds'/f] Psflt/ s'Dnf] af]sL l7dLlt/ eg]h:t}
nf]stGq eO{ lbPsf] eP cyjf 5}g . ufF;, af; t 6f9fsf] s'/f eof] nf]stflGqs gfd lbOPsf] u7aGwg ;+u7g tyf gful/s ;dfh t o:tf] b]zdf ljs[lt, lj;+ultsf] e"d/Ldf kml;/x]sf] ;dodf ljb]zsf] ;o/df dUg
hgtfn] hgtfåf/f hgtfsf] lglDt ;fdfGo la/fdL kbf{;d]t hLjg hn ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{eGbf ;d:of x'g' gkg]{ . logLx¿sf x/]s ck/fw 5g\ . pgL dfq xf]Ogg\, pgsf dlGqd08nsf c? ;b:o Pp6f g Pp6f jxfgf
ul/Psf] zf;g k4tL eOlbPsf] eP jf l;6fdf]n gkfpg]df b]zsf] cfwf aNemfpgd} Jo:t 5 . ;/sf/sf] hu, tyf s'sd{x¿sf] lj?4df pqg agfpFb} ljb]z ;o/ ug]{ / sdfpg] df}sf oxL xf] eGg] z}nLdf Pskl5 csf]{ ljb]z
To;/L k9fpg] u'?x¿ dfGo x'Gy] xf]nf, hg;+Vof kg{ cfpF5 . o;sf] agfj6 tyf ;~rfngsf] ;lsPg eg], yfxf kfP/ klg s]xL hfg] / /fi6«df k/]sf] d;:ofsf] ufF7f] gk'msfpg] dfq xf]Og, cl:y/tf Pj+
ltgnfO b]Vbf >4fn] lz/ lgx'l/GYof] af/Daf/sf cfGbf] n g tyf k|lqmof x'Fb} of] ;/sf/sf] /fhLgfdf yfxf gkfPem}F cfgGb;Fu al;of] eg] cGof]ndf d'ns ' nfO{ cem a9L ;+s6u|:t agfpg'n] …cw]/L gu/L rf}k6 sfd
xf]nf t/ la8Djgf k|hftGq cyjf d' l Qmo' 4 df ul/a, lgd' v f tyf x'Fb} sfdrnfp eO;s]kl5 ;d]t logLx¿nfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] 7xl/g] 5, rnfp k|wfgdGqLÚ eGbf pko'Qm b]lvG5 . pgn] s';L{ ;Dxfn]bl] v g} o:t} ljs[lt,
nf]stGqsf u'?x¿ b]Vbf ltgsf] ;j{xf/fx¿ h;/L hLjg ck]{/ nflu clwgfosjfbL z}nLdf cWofb]zdfkm{t\ xfdL klg logLx¿sf dltof/ x'g] 5f},F lj;+ultsf nfdf z[Înfx¿ ylkPsf ylko} 5g\ t/ pgL lg/f]h:t} ljb]z 3'Dgdf
cg'xf/df x]g{;d]t dg dfGb}g . k/]sf lyP, ltgLx¿nfO afFl8Psf ah] 6 NofpF b f;Dd ;/sf/ tyf Oltxf;sf] s7\ 3 /fdf w] / } yf] / } dUg 5g\ . ljb]zL x:tIf]k tyf cfˆg} csd{0otfsf sf/0f ;+ljwfg;efsf] Ps
hgtfaf6 lt/:s[t, hgtfn] 3[0ff cfZjf;g tyf b]vfOPsf nf]ex¿sf] ;/sf/df ;xefuL bnx¿ ;d:of ;hfosf] efuLbf/ xfdL;d]t x'g] 5f} . jif]{ sfo{sfnsf] cfwf ;do u'lh|;s]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf x'gk' g]{ afFsL
u/]sf, b]z / hgtfk|lt pbf;Lg, Aofh vfg pxL ;fdGt tyf ;dfwfgdf uDeL/ aGg], ;fy{s kxnsf] ;/sf/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg rfxFb}g, sfddf h;/L ;+ljwfg;efdf ;lqmotf x'gk' g]{ lyof], To;f] x'g g;s]sf] dfq xf]Og,
lj:tf/jfbL tyf ;fd| f HojfbL k'h
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zlQmx¿k| l t akmfbf/ tyf g]kfnL hgtfnfO s'g} kl/jt{g cfPsf] aNemfpg tyf ;d:ofsf] ufF7f] s:g lgdf{0f rfxFb}g, ;/sf/ b]z tyf a9\g glbP/ b]znfO{ clg0f{osf] aGbL agfpg] /fhg}lts kf6L{x¿sf cf–cfˆgf
gtd:tsx¿n] ug]{ zf;g k|0ffnL g} 5} g . kl/>d ug] { tyf cfˆgf] pBt 5g\ . x}l;ot, OHht tyf hgtfk|lt lhDd]jf/ 5}g, ;/sf/ :jfy{x¿n] nf]stGqnfO{ lvNnL p8f/x]sf 5g\ . ;xdtLo jf ax'dtLo h] eP
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k9fpg]sf] kTofpg] jf cfFvfn] b]vs ] f] ;o jif]{ /f0ff zf;g, tL; jif]{ kGrfotL hgtfsf] kl;gf kl;gfaf6 hDdf eO;Sof] . tf]lsPsf] ;dodf s'g} hgdtnfO{ cj1f ub}{ cfh;Dd ;/sf/ u7g x'g glbP/ g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{
kTofpg] < ;d:of 7"nf] 5 . hgtfsf] zf;g tyf sl/a aL; jif]{ k|hftGq ePsf] /fHosf] 9' s ' 6 L p8fpF b } Pp6f sfd;d]t ;DkGg ePsf] 5}g, k/fho u/fpFb} cfˆgf] lglxt :jfy{df nfu]sf 5g\ . t/, ltg} kfhLx¿ hgtfsf]
ljZjf; k|fKt, lhDd]jf/, b]z tyf tyf To;kl5sf] u0ftGqdf ;d]t s'g} k| w fgdGqL, pkk| w fgdGqL tyf dg, arg / sd{n] ;Dk"0f{ ;d:of b'xfO{ lbg kl5 kb}g{ g\ . logLx¿sf] ax'n¶Lk"0f{ s'ts{x¿ hgtfn] ga'‰g] s'/}
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