National Institute of Fashion Technology

Jodhpur

FGF Assignment 4

Submitted By-
Submitted To-
Shivansh Pant
Mr. Janmay Singh Hada
BFT/16/290
Asst. Prof.
 Pressing
The process by which the unwanted creases and wrinkles are removed from the
garments and the outlook of the garments is improved as well is termed as
pressing. It is also known as ironing.
Pressing is an important finishing process of garments. In garments industries there
is a separate section for ironing the products. It is generally done by heated plates
and electric irons in moist condition of garments.

Objectives of Pressing
The main object of pressing is to improve the outer appearance of the garments.
However, the objects of pressing include much more:

 Removal of unwanted creases and wrinkles: During garments manufacturing,

creasing occurs in garments due to operator’s handling and for tying up garments
tightly in boxes. To remove these creases and unwanted wrinkles pressing is to
be done.
 Hiding imperfections: Pressing can hide a multitude (huge number) of
garment’s imperfections and faults such as puckered seams and nep’s.
 To apply creases where necessary: Sometimes in garment we may need to
apply some permanent creases such as pleats in shirts and for that purpose we
must apply creases or folds by pressing. Sometimes the pressing is done before
sewing though after sewing it is also common.
 Shaping: Dart and seam are used to make garments properly fit with the shape
of human body. To make these darts more attractive, pressing is applied which
is known as shaping. The part of garment may have to be shrunk or stretched for
shaping.
 Under pressing: For sewing easily and properly pressing is done on some parts
of garments before sewing, which is called under pressing. Under pressing is
done in manufacturing jackets, trousers, coats, etc. They also require final
pressing.
 Final pressing: The pressing which is done before packing the garments is
known as final pressing. By final pressing the garments become glossy (silky).
 Types of Pressing Equipment’s

 Iron pressing
 Buck presses
 Block or die presses
 Form pressing

Buck Press
They are used for slacks, skirts and jackets.
 Components:
1.Lower buck
2.Movable head with linkage system
3.Buck padding stem with vacuum system frame.
4.Manual or automatic controls for steam, vacuum, heat, and pressure.
 Process:

The typical pressing cycle is as follows:

 A garment need to be pressed is fixed in the buck
↓
The buck head closes and locks
↓
Then steam is applied to the head or the buck to press the garment for
a predetermined time
↓
The buck head is released
↓
Vacuum is applied to the garment to cool and dry it
↓
The garment then moved around the buck for the next part of it to be
pressed

Form Press
They are made of the exact shape of the finished garment. The steam is forced
from the inside of the form through garment while the form expands to fill all the
shape of the garment.
It is designed to reduce the amount of positioning and repositioning time. Steam
remove crease from the garment. It gives the garment its final form and shapes.

Spotting
Stain is a soil/spot/dust or any unwanted undesirable marks over the fabric it can
be over the surface of fabric, can be at interstitial sites or even inside the
molecular structure of the fabric.

Types of stains
 Protein: Blood, glue, mud.
 Tannin: Tea, coffee
 Oil: Grease, Hair oil
 Dye: Ink, Paint
 Combinational: Tar, wax
 Other: Rust, Metallic

Based on structure, stains are classified as:

1.Surface Stain: The stain is present at the surface of the fabric.

2.Interstitial Stain: Void created between the yarns.
3.Intermolecular Stain: Reacts with the molecular structure of the fabric.

 Protein stains are removed by salt, borax solution.

 Tea, Coffee stains to be removed by warm water, glycerin.
 Oil stains are removed by solvents such as Per-chloro-ethylene, turpentine.
 Dye stains are removed by soap, dilute alkali
 For Tar, wax; use of kerosene, turpentine is done.
 For rust and metal, we use Sodium-per-borate and oxalic acid.