What’s the Matter,

MICKEY?

Module No. 2

1
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region I
Schools Division of Ilocos Sur

Module No. 2
A Module on the
CHANGES THAT MATTER UNDERGOES

Prepared by:

ELVIE F. RIBUYACO
Teacher III
San Sebastian Elementary School

Content Validated by:

EVANGELINE U. SEATRIZ
Master Teacher II
Cabugao North Central School
Cabugao District

Approval Recommended:

MARIA TERESITA R. GAPATE, Ed. D.

Education Program Supervisor 1—SCIENCE

Approved by:

GEMMA Q. TACUYCUY, CESO VI

Public Schools Division Superintendent

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 In this module, you will be able to:
☻Demonstrate understanding of the evidence of changes that
materials undergo and of the changes that occur in the envi-
ronment.
☻ Create useful products as a result of changes done in the
original materials , observe keenly signs of changes that may af-
fect your health and safety and practice appropriate ways of
avoiding the deterioration of quality of products and materials
due to changes that may happen.
☻ Investigate changes when no new materials are formed and
changes when new materials are formed.

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 Hi Grade V! I’m Mickey. How
are you? Have you ever won-
dered why all creatures in this
world keep on changing? Well,
please be with me this time
and let us discover what
makes these changes . I will
help you in your lesson about
the changes that materials un-
dergo.

What is this module all about?

You may have observed that some materials around you undergo
changes. You may also noticed that while there are materials that
change, there are also those that seem to stay the same. While you
cannot see the changes in these materials, it does not mean that they
do not undergo changes.
Everything around us undergoes changes at certain conditions—
even those that seemingly do not change.
This module will teach you the different changes that matter un-
dergoes . It contains the following lessons:
☻ Physical Change
☻ Chemical Change
☻Changes That in Matter in the Presence or Absence of Oxygen
☻ Changes in Matter Through Application of Heat

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Direction: Read each question carefully. Write
the letter of the correct answer on your an-
swer sheet.
1. This refers to the change in the size, volume,
and state of a substance.
A. chemical B. Physical c. Phase
2. It is a change in the composition or atomic
make-up of a substance.
A. chemical B. physical c. phase
3. It refers to a physical change from liquid to
gas or vapour.
A. evaporation B. condensation c. melt-
ing
4. Physical change from gas to liquid.
A. evaporation B. condensation c. melt-
ing
5. It is a process that causes changes in a sub-
stance’s composition through the application
of heat in a fire.
A. burning B. rusting C. decay-
ing
6. It creates physical change in matter which
is equal to freezing point.
A. melting B. solidification c. sublimation

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7. It is a form of energy that brings about changes in
matter either physical or chemical.
A. heat B. oxygen C. air
8. This process takes place when oxygen and moisture
in the air combine with the metal.
A. burning B. rusting C. decaying
9.What do you call the substance which mixes with
the air in the atmosphere during evaporation?
A. vapour B. water C. carbon
10.What physical change is a change from solid to gas
without passing the liquid state.
A. condensation B. evaporation C. sublimation
11. When water is added to baking powder, what is
being formed?
A. black residue B. carbon C. bubbles
12.What process takes place when a substance ab-
sorbs heat energy?
A. melting B. freezing C. heating
13.It is a chemical substance that brings about chang-
es in matter.
A. gas B. water C. oxygen
14. What do you call the physical change in phase
from liquid to solid?
A. melting B. freezing c. sublimation
15. When you place a tin can over a lighted candle,
what is being formed?
A. bubbles B. frost C. soot

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 Well, how was it? Do you think you performed well? Compare
your answers with those in the Answer Key to find it out.
If all your answers are correct, very good! This show that you al-
ready know much about the topics in this module. You may still
study the module to review what you already know, who knows
you might learn a few more new things as well.
If you got a low score, don’t feel bad. This means that this mod-
ule is for you. It will help you understand some important concepts
that you can apply in your daily life. If you study this module care-
fully, you will learn the answers to all the items in the test and lot
more! Are you ready?
You may go now to the next page to begin Lesson 1.

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 ☻Matter is always changing in form,
size, shape, color, etc.
☻ There are 2 types of changes that
matter undergoes. It is either be physi-
cal or chemical change.

Look at the sets of pictures

below! What change is hap-
pening in each picture?

All of these show physical change.

Physical Change is a change of matter without changing the
identity of the substance. It is a change in state, size, shape, mass
but does not change the chemical make-up of the material.

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 Remember, in a physical change, no
new materials were destroyed nor cre-
ated. The new form may be changed
back into its old form. Examples of
physical change are paper torn into
pieces, sugar dissolved into water,
nails / hair cut.
Can you give other examples of
physical change?

Verbs used to describe physical

change :
Grind, dissolve, erode, rip, tear,
cut/slice, bend/stretch,

Changes in temperature
can cause physical
change because it cause
a change in phase or state
Let’s study the types
of the material.
of phase change one
by one.

Types of Phase Changes:

1. Evaporation
2. Condensation
3. Melting or Liquefying
Turn to the
4. Freezing or Solidification next page
5. Sublimation please!
6. Deposition

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 Here they are!!!

TYPES OF PHASE CHANGE

1. EVAPORATION. This process is a physical

change from liquid to gas or vapor. Liquid be-
comes water vapour when you boil it. Vapor or
steam mixes with air in the atmosphere.

When you place Wet clothes hung un-

drops of alcohol der the heat of the sun
in you hands, dry easily because
they evaporate the rate of evapora-
after a few tion is faster when
minutes. there is more heat.

2. CONDENSATION. This process is a physical

change from gas to liquid. Condensation is a
process where gas loses heat and changes into
liquid.
This process is noticeable. Observe a glass
of pitcher with cold water in it. The outside part
of the pitcher is wet. Water droplets form.

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3. MELTING OR LIQUEFYING. This process is a physical change
from solid to liquid. It happens when a substance or material
absorbs heat energy. Shapes of objects change when they
melt.

When you leave ice When you bring out a

cubes under the heat
of the sun, in a few
minutes, the ice cu-
bes return to their
original state, which
is liquid water.
glass of ice cream
from the refrigerator,
it slowly melts when
placed in a warm
place.

NOTE: Not all solids melt at room temperature.

Gold, iron, and bronze

are metals that melt by
a very hot bluish white
flame.
IRON melts at more
than 1000 degrees
celcius.

Candles melt
only when heat-
ed.

Let’s proceed!!!

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 4. FREEZING OR SOLIDIFICATION. This is a
Let’s learn physical change from liquid to solid. Freez-
ing is the exact opposite of melting. Zero
more!!!
degrees Celsius is the temperature at which
a substance changes from liquid to solid.
Melting point is equal to freezing
point. Heat is removed in the process. Wa-
ter freezes at zero degrees Celsius. Some
materials even freeze or solidify faster than
water. When liquids are cooled, they devel-
op some shapes and forms. They solidify.

Can you give other exam-

ples of liquids that solidify
aside from water?

5. SUBLIMATION. This is a physical

change from solid to gas without
passing the liquid state.

Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. It disappears

when set aside. When you check the place
where you placed the cubes of dry ice,
there are no traces.
Ice cream vendors place dry ice in
boxes of ice cream to keep them solidified.

Mothballs also sublimate. When you place

moth balls in cabinet to drive away cock-
roaches, after some time, this become small-
er and smaller until they are gone..

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 And the last
6. DEPOSITION. This is a change when mat-
type of phase
ter changes from a gas directly to a solid.
change is……..
Heat is taken away while density increas-
es. Molecules slow down and get closer
together. Examples are snowflakes and
frost on a wind shield.

SNOWFLAKES
Frost on a
windshield

Those are the six types

of phase change.

Read this...

Some physical changes make objects look very

different. Paper can be cut, painted, written, torn, fold-
ed, soaked and glued. Each time the paper looks differ-
ent, but it is still paper. This is also true with the ruler, nail,
chak, and candle. When those objects undergo physical
changes, their composition remains the same; therefore,
no new materials are produced.
Molding a clay or making different shapes with a
thin wire merely changes the shape, size, and form of
the materials. When you break a rock into smaller pieces
or when you chew a food, the composition of these ma-
terials remains the same.

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 LET’S SUM IT UP!!!
This diagram shows the processes of
physical change caused by chang-
es in temperature.
☻Matter changes from one state to
another when heat (energy) is add-
ed or taken away.
To understand better, study further
the diagram below.

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ACTIVITY 1
STOP!!! Let’s check what you
have learned.
Let’s have a WORD SEARCH!

DIRECTION: Find and write the word that is being de-

scribed by each statement below. The word maybe
horizontal, vertical or diagonal.

D E V A P O R A T I O N V
E E S G F I D Y M I S R A
A G U O R U E V T T C E S
B G B I E R P A E E R T D
S C L E E I O O S T A H E
P C I P Z E S S T E O R F
E E M E L T I N G S T A E
R L A O N H T E F T U A R
M L T D G R I A S Y E F E
D T I Y S U O F R I M B N
U C O N D E N S A T I O N
P R N S T A T E G L A N D

_____________1. change from solid to liquid.

_____________2.Change from liquid to gas
_____________3. Change from liquid to solid
____________ 4. change from liquid to gas
____________5. change from gas to liquid
____________ 6. change from gas directly to solid

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Let’s have another
activity!

ACTIVITY 2

Direction: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the verbs to be

used to showACTIVITY
physical 2change on a material. Write your answers
on your answer sheet.

chterst ___ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ___

ridgn ___ ___ ___ ____ ___

evisosId ___ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

etar
___ ___ ___ ____

cli se ___ ___ ___ ____ ___

oedre ___ ___ ___ ____ ___

If you got 6, congratulation! You

are now ready to proceed to
the next lesson. But if you got 5,
I’m sorry but you have to study
again the lesson.
Study harder this time.

16
In this lesson, you will be able to
know what chemical change is
and differentiate it from that of
physical change. Study the pic-
tures.

What change is
taking place in
each picture?

What property of
each material is
being changed?

The other way that matter can be

changed is called a chemical change.

CHEMICAL CHANGE – occurs when 2 or

more substances are combined into en-
tirely new substance with all new prop-
erties. It cannot be changed back to its
original composition.
- A new substance is being formed.

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 What do you think causes a chemi-
cal change?

Chemical Change Verbs:

Heating burning, rusting, cooking, decaying,

digesting, tarnishing, and solution in water.

Let’s cite an example of

each. verb which caus-
es chemical change.
1. HEATING. When sugar is heated, it
starts to melt. Bubbles can be seen pop-
ping out. A black residue is left on the
pan. This black residue is carbon, and
water is given off as water vapour during
evaporation.

2. BURNING. When paper and wood burn, they

undergo chemical changes, too. The molecules
of these materials break up and combine rapidly
with oxygen in the air. Spontaneous combustion
takes place. Energy is given of in the forms of heat
and light. Smoke, heat, and ashes are produced.

3. RUSTING. When metallic materials (such

as iron) are left around for some time, oxy-
gen and moisture in the air combine with
the metal. Rusting takes place.

4. LIGHT. It causes chemical change. When ex-

posed to light, a film produces chemical change.
Solutions, like hydrogen peroxide, are placed in
colored bottles so light would not affect them.
18
 Let’s continue!!!

5. COOKING AND DECAYING. These are also

processes that cause changes in the sub-
stance’s composition.

And the last is…..

5. SOLUTION IN WATER. Chemical change may

also be caused by solution in water. When wa-
ter is added o baking powder, gas bubbles are
formed. This is the reason why medicines and
substances are kept in dry containers, free from
moisture, and are sealed.

When a can is placed over a

lighted candle, soot is formed
under the can.

Bubbles are also formed when vinegar is

poured into baking soda. These bubbles are
carbon dioxide.

Chemical changes also happen inside your

body everyday. When you digest food, chemi-
cal changes take place inside your body . New
substances form from the food you eat.

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 REMEMBER: In chemical change, there is a
change in the composition or atomic make-
up of a material or substance. One or more
new substances are formed and cannot be
brought back anymore to its original compo-
sition.

Did you get now the differ-

ence between a physical
ACTIVITY 3
and chemical change?

Identify what is being described. Supply the letters that will form the
word being described. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
1. __ __ __ __ _i __ __ __ __ __ __ _a_ __ __ __
— refers to the change in the composition of a material.
2. __ __ __ __ _i_ __ __
— a process that causes bubbles to pop out and create black
residue in sugar as it melts.
3. __ _u_ __ __ __ __ __
— spontaneous combustion happens through this process.
4. __ __ _s_ __ __ __ __
— a process that takes place where oxygen and moisture in the
air combined together.
5. __ __ _g_ __ __
— it causes chemical changes on films.
6. __ __ _c_ __ __ __ __ __
— it is a process wherein materials are broken down due to the
aid of microorganisms.
7. __ __ _t_ __ __
— when added to baking powder, gas bubbles are formed.

If you got 7, you may now pro-

ceed to the next lesson. But if you r
score is 6 and below I’m sorry but
you have to repeat studying the
lesson. Study harder this time….

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 ACTIVITY 4

Let’s see if you have learned a

lot about physical and chemi-
cal change.
Solve the WORD PUZZLE!!!

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

CLUES:
1. Change in the shape, size, volume, and state of a substance.
2. Change in the composition or atomic make-up of a substance.
3. Physical change from liquid to gas or vapour.
4. Process that causes changes in a substance’s composition with the
aid of fire.
5. Takes place when oxygen and moisture in the air combine with the
metal.

If you got 5, you may now proceed to the

next lesson. But if your score is 4 and below
I’m sorry but you have to repeat studying
the lesson. Study harder this time….

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 ACTIVITY 5 Let’s have another activity to
see if how good you are in dis-
tinguishing physical and chemi-
cal change.

DIRECTION: Distinguish the change that is taking place in each picture.

Write your answers in your answer sheet whether it is physical or chemical

1. _______________________ 2. __________________________ 3. _________________________

4_______________________ 5 __________________________ 6 _________________________

7 _______________________ 8. __________________________ 9. _________________________

If you got 9, you may now proceed to the next lesson. But if
you r score is 8 and below I’m sorry but you have to re-
peat studying the lesson. Study harder this time….

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 LESSON 3
Changes in Matter in the Presence or
Absence of Oxygen

From the previous lesson, you have

learned that matter has two properties,
the physical and chemical. Both of these
have effects on matter. However, this les-
son will focus on one chemical property.
Among these common ones that you
readily see are combustion and rusting.

Look at the Fire Triangle.

The fire triangle repre-

sents the three im-
portant things needed
for combustion to occur.

It shows that three things are needed for a fire to occur. In or-
der for a fire to occur, there should be heat, fuel and oxygen. A fire
occurs when the three elements are present in the right amount.
The fire will continue its flame provided that there is continuous sup-
ply of these three elements. Suppose, oxygen will be removed from
the diagram, what do you think will happen to the fire produced?

Have you noticed that when you cut fruits and veg-
etables, some of them change in color? For example,
when an apple is sliced, the fleshy part of the fruit
changes color into brown. Why?

This is because the oxygen present in the air reacts with

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ACTIVITY 6

WHAT TO DO…
List down effects of presence and ab-
sence of oxygen in the exposed fruit’s
flesh in a similar diagram below.

OXYGEN

PRESENT ABSENT
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5

LET’S CHECK!!!
What are the three im-
portant things needed for
combustion to occur?

1 22222222 3

24
 LESSON 4
Changes in Matter Through the Application of
Heat

Is heat needed in chemical change?

Why or why not?

HEAT as you have learned from the

previous lesson, is a form of energy. It is de-
scribed as how high the temperature is. We
measure heat by using thermometer.

HEAT can bring about physical changes in matter.

Some solid materials melt when enough heat is ap-

plied to them.

Water evaporates when heated.

Heating a material causes it to undergo chemical changes. The

chemical changes caused by heat is irreversible.

LET’S GO BEYOND..
A dry spell is described as having
high temperatures and low
amount of rainfall. Because of this,
continual supply of water through
irrigation is required in rice fields.

25
ACTIVITY 7
Let’s Do it..

Create a similar diagram below in your

notebook/ answer sheet. Write your exam-
ples of physical and chemical change
through the application of heat in the spac-
es provided.

Changes in Matter Through Application of Heat

PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
CHANGE CHANGE

______________________________
______________________________

______________________________ ______________________________

______________________________ ______________________________

______________________________ _____________________________

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Physical Change is a change of matter with-
out changing the identity of the substance. It is
a change in state, size, shape, mass but does
not change the chemical make-up of the ma-
terial.

Chemical Change results to the formation of

new chemical substance.

The presence and absence of oxygen can

bring changes to a material.

The application of heat to materials can either

alter their physical as well as chemical proper-
ties.

Some changes brought about by heat are irre-

versible.

The physical and chemical changes that mat-

ter undergo help determine the best way to
manage these materials and minimize waste.

27
 Congratulations!!!
You have reached the final
part of the module. All you
have to do now is to answer
the following questions. This
will determine how much
you have learned from the
lessons.
Good Luck!!!

Direction: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct
answer on your answer sheet.
1. It is a form of energy that brings about changes in matter either
physical or chemical.
A. heat B. oxygen C. air
2. This process takes place when oxygen and moisture in the air com-
bine with the metal.
A. burning B. rusting C. decaying
3. What do you call the substance which mixes with the air in the at-
mosphere during evaporation?
A. vapour B. water C. carbon
4. What physical change is a change from solid to gas without pass-
ing the liquid state.
A. condensation B. evaporation C. sublimation
5. When water is added to baking powder, what is being formed?
A. black residue B. carbon C. bubbles
6. What process takes place when a substance absorbs heat energy?
A. melting B. freezing C. heating
7.It is a chemical substance that brings about changes in matter.
A. gas B. water C. oxygen

28
8. This refers to the change in the size, volume,
and state of a substance.
A. chemical B. Physical c. Phase
9. It is a change in the composition or atomic
make-up of a substance.
A. chemical B. physical c. phase
10. It refers to a physical change from liquid to
gas or vapour.
A. evaporation B. condensation c. melt-
ing
11. Physical change from gas to liquid.
A. evaporation B. condensation c. melt-
ing
12. It is a process that causes changes in a sub-
stance’s composition through the application
of heat in a fire.
A. burning B. rusting C. decaying
13.It creates physical change in matter which is
equal to freezing point.
A. melting B. solidification c. sublimation
14. What do you call the physical change in
phase from liquid to solid?
A. melting B. freezing c. sublimation
15. When you place a tin can over a lighted
candle, what is being formed?
A. bubbles B. frost C. soot

29
 How is it? How many did you get? Did
you get a perfect score? I hope so.
If you are done, you can now compare
your answers to the Key to Correction
on the next page. Take note, you must
get at least 75% of the given test items.

30
 ACTIVITY 1
1.melting
2.Evaporation
3.Freezing
4.Combustion
5.sublimation

ACTIVITY 3
1.Chemical
ACTIVITY 2
change
1. Stretch 2.Heating
2. Grind 3.Burning
3. Dissolve 4.Rusting
4. Tear 5.Light
5. Slice 6.Decaying
6. erode 7.water

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 ACTIVITY 4
1. Physical
2. Chemical
3. Evaporation
4. Heating
5. rusting

ACTIVITY 5
1. Physical 6. chemical
2. Chemical 7. physical
3. Chemical 8. physical
4. Physical 9. chemical
5. chemical

ACTIVITIES 6 & 7
(Answers may vary)
32
 REFERENCES
1. K to 12 Curriculum Guide, Teachers Guide, and Learn-
er’s Material in Science V.

2. Coronel, Carmelita et. al. Science and Health V. SD

Publication, Inc. 2000

3. Lozada, Buena A. et. al. Science for Daily Use. Book

Media Press, Inc. 2002

4. Fallaria, Rebecca R. et. al. Science Spectrum. Rex

Book Store, Inc. 2012

5. Sarte, Evelyn T. et. Al. Science Beyond Borders. Depart-

ment of Education, Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd–
BLR)

6. Mendoza, Dominga P. & Dr. Quentin Luis de Guzman

Jr. Science Wonders St. Augustine Publications, Inc. 2015

7. 1.Llarinas Jose F. et. al. Into the Future: Science and Health
V. Diwa Scholastica Press, Inc. 1999.

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