LAMPIRAN VI

Perhitungan Teoritis Lendutan dan

Hasil Pengujian Lentur

(Hubungan Beban Dengan Lendutan)

102
Perhitungan Lendutan
Data - data awal yang digunakan
Dimensi balok : b = 125 mm
h = 200 mm
d=179
d’=20
Tulangan Tarik = 3D10
Tulangan Tekan = 2D8
Modulus Elastistas 𝐸𝑐 = 12356 𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑖 𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑗𝑖𝑎𝑛)
Kuat tekan beton 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 = 31.5 𝑀𝑃𝑎
Tegangan leleh baja
Tulangan Tarik 𝑓𝑦 = 384 𝑀𝑃𝑎
Tulangan Tekan 𝑓𝑦 = 315 𝑀𝑃𝑎

1
𝐴𝑠 = 𝜋𝐷 2 𝑛
4
1
= 𝜋102 3
4
= 235.62 𝑚𝑚2
1
𝐴′ 𝑠 = 𝜋82 2
4
= 100.53𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑆 235.62
𝜌= 𝜌= = 0.01053
𝑏𝑑 125x179
𝐴′𝑠 100.53
𝜌= 𝜌= = 0.00449
𝑏𝑑 125𝑥179

 Sebelum retak
Rasio modular
𝐸𝑠
𝑛=
𝐸𝑐

103
 200000
= = 16.186
12356
Luas penampang transpormasi
𝐴 = 𝑏ℎ + (𝑛 − 1)(𝐴𝑠 + 𝐴′ 𝑠 )
= (125x200) + (16.186 − 1)(235.62 + 100.53)
= 30104.774 𝑚𝑚2

Pusat transformasi penampang

ℎ
(𝑏ℎ ) + (𝑛 − 1)𝐴𝑠 𝑑 + (𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠 𝑑′
𝑦= 2
(𝑏ℎ) + (𝑛 − 1)𝐴𝑠 + (𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠

(125 × 200 × 100) + (15.186 ((235.62 × 179) + (100.53 × 20)))

=
30104.774
= 105.327 𝑚𝑚
𝑦 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ = 94.673 𝑚𝑚
Sehingga Momen Inersia
1 ℎ 2
𝐼 = ( 𝑏ℎ3 ) + (𝑏ℎ (𝑦 − ) ) + ((𝑛 − 1)𝐴𝑠 (𝑑 − 𝑦)2 ) + ((𝑛 − 1)𝐴′ 𝑠 (𝑦 − 𝑑′ )2 )
12 2
1 3
200 2
= ( × 125 × 200 ) + (125 × 200 (105.327 − ) )
12 2
+(15.186 × 235.62(179 − 105.327)2 ) + (15.186 × 100.53(105.327 − 20)2 )
= 114578852.1 𝑚𝑚4
Momen retak
𝑓𝑟 𝐼
𝑀𝐶𝑟 =
𝑦 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ
3.46 × 114578852.1
= = 4187496.206 𝑁𝑚𝑚
94.673
𝑀𝐶𝑟
𝑃𝐶𝑟 =
𝑎
4187496.206
= = 3898.972 𝑁
1074
𝑓𝑟
⁄𝐸
𝑐
𝜑𝐶𝑟 =
𝑦 𝑏𝑎𝑤𝑎ℎ

104
 3.46⁄
= 12356 = 2.958 × 10−6 𝑟𝑎𝑑⁄
94.673 𝑚𝑚
𝜑(𝐿2 − 𝐿𝑎) 𝜑𝑎 𝜑 𝐿
∆= − { (3𝐿 − 4𝑎) + ( − 𝑎)2 }
4 12 2 2
2.958 × 10−6 (25482 − 2548 × 1074)
∆=
4
2.958 × 10−6 × 1074 2.958 × 10−6 2548
−{ (3 × 2548 − 4 × 1074) + ( − 1074) 2 }
12 2 2
∆= 1.832 𝑚𝑚

 Setelah Retak, Saat Pertama Leleh

Diasusikan beton masih elastis

1
𝜌′ 𝑑′ 2
𝑘 = [(𝜌 + 𝜌′ )2 𝑛2 + 2 (𝜌 + ) 𝑛] − (𝜌 + 𝜌′ )𝑛
𝑑
1
2 2
0.00499 × 20 2
= [(0.01053 + 0.00499) 16.186 + 2 (0.01053 + ) 16.186]
179
−(0.01503 + 0.00499)16.186
= 0.402
∴ 𝑘𝑑 = 0.402 × 179
𝑘𝑑 = 71.962 𝑚𝑚
𝑠𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘 (𝜀𝑠 )𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑡 𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑖 𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑗𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛
𝑓𝑦 = 384 𝑀𝑃𝑎
384
𝜀𝑠 = = 0.00192
200000
Dari diagram regangan didapat nilai regangan beton
𝑘𝑑
𝜀𝑐 = 𝜀𝑠
𝑑 − 𝑘𝑑
71.962
𝜀𝑐 = 0.00192 = 0.00129
179 − 71.962
𝑓𝑐 = 𝜀𝑐 × 𝐸𝐶

105
 = 0.00129 × 12356
= 15.939 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑘𝑑 − 𝑑′
𝜀′𝑠 = 𝜀𝑐
𝑘𝑑
71.962 − 20
= 0.00129 = 0.00093
71.962
𝑓 ′ 𝑠 = 𝜀 ′ 𝑠 𝐸𝑦
= 0.00093 × 200000
= 186.416 𝑀𝑃𝑎
1
𝐶𝑐 = 𝑓𝑐 𝑏𝑘𝑑
2
1
= × 15.939 × 125 × 71.962
2
= 71735.543
𝐶𝑠 = 𝐴′𝑠 × 𝑓′𝑠
= 100.53 × 186.416
= 18734.857
Jarak gaya C dari ujung y
𝑘𝑑
(𝑑′ 𝐶𝑠 ) + ( 𝐶𝑐 )
𝑦= 3
𝐶𝑠 𝐶𝑐
71.962
(20 × 18734.857) + ( × 71735.543)
𝑦= 3
18734.857 + 71735.543
= 23.162 𝑚𝑚
𝑗𝑑 = 𝑑 − 𝑦
= 179 − 23.162
= 155.84 𝑚𝑚
Dari persamaan 2.18
𝑀𝑦 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 𝑗𝑑
= 235.62 × 384 × 155.84
= 14098750.02
𝑀𝑦
𝑃𝑦 =
𝑎

106
 14098750.02
=
1074
= 13127.328 𝑁.
𝑓𝑦
⁄𝐸
𝑠
𝜑𝑦 =
𝑑(1 − 𝑘)
384𝑦
⁄
= 200000
179(1 − 0.402)
= 1.794 × 10−5 𝑟𝑎𝑑⁄𝑚𝑚
𝜑(𝐿2 − 𝐿𝑎) 𝜑𝑎 𝜑 𝐿
∆= − { (3𝐿 − 4𝑎) + ( − 𝑎)2 }
4 12 2 2
1.793 × 10−5 (25482 − 2548 × 1074)
∆=
4
1.793 × 10−5 × 1074 1.793 × 10−5 2548
−{ (3 × 2548 − 4 × 1074) + ( − 1074) 2 }
12 2 2
∆= 11.109 𝑚𝑚

 Setelah Retak, Saat Beban Ultimate

Asumsi teganagan baja meleleh

𝑇𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝐿𝑒𝑙𝑒ℎ 𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑎 𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑘 𝑓𝑦 = 384 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑇𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝐿𝑒𝑙𝑒ℎ 𝐵𝑎𝑗𝑎 𝑇𝑒𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑓𝑦 = 315 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 − 𝐴′𝑠 𝑓𝑦
𝑎=
0.85𝑓′𝑐 𝑏
235.6 × 384 − 100.5 × 315
=
0.85 × 31.5 × 125
= 15.5
𝑎
𝐶=
𝛽1
15.5
= = 20.945
0.839
𝜀𝑐 = 0.003 (regangan ultimate beton)
𝜀𝑐
𝜀′𝑠 =
𝐶

107
 0.003
= = 0.00014
20.945
Ketentuan𝜀′𝑠 ≤ 𝜀𝑠
𝑓′𝑠 = 𝜀′𝑠 × 𝐸𝑠
= 0.00014 × 200000
= 28
𝑎
𝑀𝑢 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑎𝑏 (𝑑 − ) + 𝐴′ 𝑠 𝑓 ′ 𝑠 (𝑑 − 𝑑′ )
2
15.5
= 0.85 × 31.5 × 15.5 × 125 (179 − ) + 100.5 × 28(179 − 20)
2
=14989451.263 Nmm
14989451.263
𝑃𝑢 = = 13956.664 𝑁
1074
Maka nilai 𝜑
𝜀𝑐
𝜑𝑢 =
𝑐
0.003
=
20.945
= 0.00143 𝑟𝑎𝑑⁄𝑚𝑚
𝜑(𝐿2 − 𝐿𝑎) 𝜑𝑎 𝜑 𝐿
∆= − { (3𝐿 − 4𝑎) + ( − 𝑎)2 }
4 12 2 2
0.00143(25482 − 2548 × 1074)
∆=
4
0.00143 × 1074 0.00143 2548
−{ (3 × 2548 − 4 × 1074) + ( − 1074) 2 }
12 2 2
∆= 88.70 𝑚𝑚
Untuk perhitungan lendutan benda uji yang lain menggunakan cara
yang sama dengan contoh perhitungan diatas

108