Assignment 3

Q3. Find the Eq force Using SDOF and TDOF model for the tank Dimension as show in the
Figure 1. Assuming SBC of the soil as 200 kN/mm2 .location of the soil in 4th zone. Check for
Over turning, Sliding and Bearing pressure under with water, without water and Eq condition.

Solution.
Check for Type of Tank
1.5 𝑥 6
1.5R = = 4.5m
2

Figure 1 Geometric properties of Tank

H = 7m
H > 1.5R
Hence for the Calculation given tank is Slender type.
SDOF
Case 1- Tank without water
Weight of the tank wall = ( π x 7.6 x 0.4 x 7 ) x 25
= 1672 kN
Mass of wall (mw) = 171t
Weight of tank slab = ((π/4) x 92 x 0.5 x 25)
= 795 kN
Mass of base slab (mb) = 81t
Stability Checks (without water)
Sa/g = 2.5 is taken in case of no water condition as mass decrease time period further decreases.
�𝑥 𝐼 𝑥 ��
V = x mw x g For Zone IV ( Z= 0.24; I = 1.5; R = 2)
2 𝑥 𝑅 𝑥𝑔

0.24 𝑥 1.5 𝑥 2.50

= 2 𝑥2 x 171 x 9.81
= 378 kN
Mo = V x hw/2
= 378 x 3.5
= 1322 kN-m
MR = Wt x (R + tw)
= (171 + 81) x 9.81 x (3.6 + 0.4)
= 10382
Check for Overturning
𝑀�
Fos =
𝑀𝑜

10382 = 7.9 >1.2

Fos = 1322

Check for Sliding

µ x Wt
Fos = �

0.5 x 2472 = 3.27 > 1.4

Fos = 378

Check for Pressure

�� 𝑀𝑜
σmax/min = +
𝐴 �
2742 1322
σmax/min = +
63.62 71.57

σmax = 57 kN/m2
σmin = -20 kN/m2

Case 2 – with water

Volume of water = ((π/4) x 7.22 x 7)
 = 285 m3
Mass of water = 285t
Weight of water = 2850 kN
�𝑥 𝐼 𝑥 ��
V = x mw x g For Zone IV ( Z= 0.24; I = 1.5; R = 2)
2 𝑥 𝑅 𝑥𝑔

0.24 𝑥 1.5 𝑥 2.50

= 2 𝑥2 x 171 x 9.81
= 378 kN
Mo = V x hw/2
= 378 x 3.5
= 1322 kN-m
MR = Wt x (R + tw)
= (171 + 81 + 285) x 9.81 x (3.6 + 0.4)
= 22125.5 kN-m
Stability Checks
Check for Overturning
𝑀�
Fos =
𝑀𝑜

22125 = 16.7 >1.2

Fos = 1322

Check for Sliding

µ x Wt
Fos = �

0.5 x 2472 = 3.27 > 1.4Check for Pressure

Fos = 378
�� 𝑀𝑜
σmax/min = +
𝐴 �
5268 1322
σmax/min = +
63.62 71.57

σmax = 101.27 kN/m2

σmin = 64.34 kN/m2
For the above Solutions of two different case we can say that without water is more critical hence
dead storage level of the tank should be maintained i.e. minimum water should be maintained.
TDOF
Case 3 – with water
The water in the top 5.4m of the tank will be considered TDOF model and the remaining water is
added into the impulsive component of water mass

Figure 4 Spring mass model

Volume of water = ((π/4) x 7.22 x 7)
= 285 m3
Mass of water = 285t
Weight of water = 2850 kN
M1 = 220t (top)
M2 = 65t (bottom)
H/D = 5.4/7.2 = 0.75
From the Figure (2) of IS 1893 (part-2)
Parameters of Spring Mass model
Mass of impulsive water (Mi) = 0.7 x M1
= 0.7 x 220
= 154t
Mass of Convective water (Mc) = 0.3 x M1
 = 0.3 x 220
= 66t
Height of impulsive mass from bottom of wall
i. Without base pressure hi = (0.375H + Hb)
= (0.375 x 5.4 + 1.6)
= 3.625m
ii. With base pressure hi’ = (0.575H + Hb)
= (0.575 x 5.4 + 1.6)
= 4.705m
Height of cionvective mass from Bottom of wall
i. Without base pressure hc = (0.675 x H + Hb)
= (0.675 x 5.4 + 1.6)
= 5.245m
ii. With base pressure hc’ = (0.725 x H + Hb)
= (0.725 x 5.4 + 1.6)
= 5.515m
Stiffness of the convective spring
From the Figure (2 (a)) of IS 1893 (part-2)
𝐾𝑐𝑥ℎ
= 0.83
𝑚𝑥𝑔
Kc = 332 kN/m
Time period
From section 4.3.1.1 of IS 1893 (part-2)
�𝑖 𝑥 ℎ 𝑥 √𝜌
i. Impulsive Mode Ti =
𝑡
√�𝑥 √
𝐷

Ci from Figure 5 For H/D = 0.75

Ci = 4.2

4.2 𝑥 5.4 𝑥 √1000

= √27.5 𝑥 10^9 𝑥 √0.2
7.2
 Ti = 0.026 sec
�
ii. Convetive Mode Tc = 𝐶𝑐 √
𝑔

Cc from Figure 5 For H/D = 0.75

Cx = 3.3
7.2
= 3.3√
9.81

Ti = 2.83sec
Sinc Ti < 2.5 Tc this TDOF model ca be idealized as 2 separate SDOF system

Figure 3 Equivalent Model

Design Horizontal seismic coefficient
i. Impulsive Mode ( 5 % damping)
�𝑥 𝐼 𝑥 ��
Ahi = 2 𝑥 𝑅 𝑥𝑔

For Zone IV ( Z= 0.24; I = 1.5; R = 2)

Ahi = 0.224
ii. Convective mode ( 5% damping)

�𝑥 𝐼 𝑥 ��
Ahi = 2 𝑥 𝑅 𝑥𝑔
 For Zone IV ( Z= 0.24; I = 1.5; R = 2)
Sa/g = (1/T) x 1.75
= (1/2.83) x 1.75
= 0.62
Ahi = 0.09
Base Shear
i. Impulsive Mode
Vi = Ahi x ( Mi + Mw + Mt) xxg
= 0.224 x (65 +154 + 171) x 9.81
= 860 kN
ii. Convective Mode
Vc = Ahi x Mc x g
= 0.09 x 66 x 9.81
= 58 kN
By SRSS

V = √8602 + 582
= 862 kN
iii. Bending Moments
Mi = Ahi x ( Mi x hi +Mw x hw + Mt x ht) x g
= 0.225 x (154 x 3.625 + 171 x 3.5 + 65 x 0.8) x 9.81
= 2668 kN-m
Mc = Ahc x mc x hc x g
= 0.09 x 66 x 5.245 x 9.81
= 306

M = √26682 + 3062
M = 2686 kN-m
iv. Overturning Moment
Mi’= Ahi x ( Mi x (hi+tb) +Mw x (hw+tb) + Mt x (ht+tb) + Mb x (tb/2)) x g
 = 3143 kN-m
Mc = Ahc x mc x( hc + tb) x g
= 350 kN-m

M = √31432 + 3502
= 3162 kN-m
Stability Checks
Check for Overturning
𝑀�
Fos =
𝑀𝑜

MR = 21051.4 kN-m
21051.4
Fos = = 6.65 >1.2
3162

Check for Sliding

µ x Wt
Fos = �

0.5 x 5262.85 = 3.05 > 1.4

Fos = 862

Check for Pressure

�� 𝑀𝑜
σmax/min = +
𝐴 �

5262.85 4655
σmax/min = 63.62 + 71.57
σmax = 129 kN/m2
σmin = 37 kN/m2
Hence safe in Earth condition