Secondary Mathematics - Fourth Year Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics

Functions

1: Functions Generally
• Demonstrate knowledge and skill related to functions in general
• Define a function.
• Differentiate a function from a mere relation.
• real life relationships
• set of ordered pairs
• graph of a given set of ordered pairs
• vertical line test
• given equation
• Illustrate the meaning of the functional notation f(x); determine the value of f(x) given a
value for x.

Linear Functions

2: Linear Functions and their Graphs

• Demonstrate knowledge and skill related to linear functions and apply in solving problems
• Define the linear function f(x) = mx + b.
• Given a linear function Ax + By = C, rewrite in the form f(x) = mx + b and vice versa.
• Draw the graph of a linear function, given:
• any two points
• x and y intercepts
• slope and one point
• slope and the y-intercept
• Given f(x) = mx + b, determine the following attributes of the function:
• slope
• trend: increasing or decreasing
• x and y intercepts
• some points
• Determine f(x) = mx + b given any two parameters.
• slope and y-intercept
• x and y intercepts
• slope and one point
• any two points
• Solve problems involving linear functions.

Quadratic Functions

3: Quadratic Functions and their Graphs

• Quadratic functions - an introduction
2
• Identify quadratic functions f(x) = ax + bx + c
2 2
• Rewrite a quadratic function ax + bx + c in the form f(x) = a(x - h) + k and vice versa
 • Given a quadratic function, determine the following characteristics of its graph.
• highest or lowest point (vertex)
• axis of symmetry
• direction of opening of the graph
• Given particular characteristics, draw the graph of a quadratic function, showing:
• vertex
• axis of symmetry
• direction of opening of the graph
• given points
• Analyze the effects on the graph of changes in a, h and k in f(x) = a(x-h)2 + k

4: Properties of Quadratic Functions

• Determine the 'zeros of a quadratic function' by relating this to 'roots of a quadratic equation'.
• Find the roots of a quadratic equation,
• by factoring
• using the quadratic formula
• by completing the square
• Derive a quadratic function from:
• zeros of the function
• table of values
• graph
• Solve problems involving quadratic functions and equations.

Polynomial Functions

5: Getting to know Polynomial Functions

• Identify a polynomial function from a given set of relations
• Determine the degree of a given polynomial function
• Find the quotient of polynomials
• by algorithm
• by synthetic division

6: Theorems, Zeros and Graphs

• Find by synthetic division the quotient and the remainder when p(x) is divided by (x-c)
• State and illustrate the Remainder Theorem
• Find the value of p(x) for x = k.
• synthetic division
• Remainder Theorem
• State and illustrate the Factor Theorem
• Find the zeros of polynomial functions of degree greater than 2
• Factor Theorem
• factoring
• synthetic division
• depressed equations
• Draw the graph of polynomial functions of degree greater than 2 (use graphing calculator if
available)
Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

7: Exponential Functions and their Graphs

• Identify certain relationships in real life which are exponential (e.g. population growth over
time, growth of bacteria over time, etc.)
• Given a table of ordered pairs, state whether the trend is exponential or not
• Draw the graph of an exponential function
• Describe some properties of an exponential function from its graph
• f(x)=a
x

• for a > 1
• when 0 < a < 1
• Given the graph of an exponential function determine the domain, range, intercepts, trend and
asymptote
• Describe the behavior of the graph of an exponential function

8: Zeros and the Inverse

• Use the laws on exponents to find the zeros of exponential functions
• Define inverse functions
• Determine the inverse of a given function

9: Logarithmic Functions and their Graphs

• define the logarithmic function as the inverse of the exponential function
x
• f(x) = log x as the inverse of the exponential function f(x) = a
a
• draw the graph of a logarithmic function
• f(x) = log x
a
• Describe some properties of the logarithmic function from its graph
• State and apply the laws for logarithms
• Solve simple logarithmic equations
• solve problems involving exponential and logarithmic functions (e.g. - exponential growth or
decay)

Circular Functions and Trigonometry

10: The Unit Circle

• Define a unit circle; arc lengths; unit measures of an angle
• Convert from degree to radian and vice versa
• Illustrate angles in standard position (i.e. initial side coincident with the positive x-axis;
coterminal angles; reference angles
• Visualize rotations along the unit circle and relate these to angle measures (clockwise or
counterclockwise directions)
• length of an arc
o
• angles beyond 360 or 2∏ radians
• Given an angle in standard position in a unit circle, determine the coordinates of its terminal
side
• when one coordinate is given (apply the Pythagorean Theorem and the properties of
 special right triangles)
• when the angle is of the form:
0
• 180 n ± 30
0
0 0
• 180 n ± 60
0
• 180 n ± 45
0

• 90 n
0

11: Circular Functions

• Define the six circular functions
• sine
• cosine
• tangent
• cotangent
• secant
• cosecant
• Find the six circular functions of angles with special values
• Draw the graph of the sine, cosine and tangent functions.
o o
• For the angles, - 2∏<x<2∏ or - 360 <x<360
• Describe the properties of the graphs of the sine, cosine and tangent functions

12: Six Trigonometric Functions and Identities

• Define the six trigonometric functions of an angle in standard position
• Find the values of six trigonometric functions of an angle x, given some conditions
• Solve simple trigonometric equations
• State the fundamental trigonometric identities

13: Triangle Trigonometry

• Demonstrate ability to apply trigonometric functions, laws of sine and cosine to solve problems
• right triangles
• triangles using the Law of Sines
• triangles using the Law of Cosines

Statistics

14: Basic Statistics

• Define the terms statistics, sample, population
• Give the history and importance of the study of statistics
• Use the rules of summation to find sums
• State and explain the different sampling techniques
• Collect statistical data and organize in a table
• Construct frequency distribution tables
• Find the measures of central tendency using ungrouped data
• mean
• median
• mode
 • Find the measures of central tendency using grouped data
• mean
• median
• mode

15: Measures of Variability

• Calculate the different measures of variability relative to a given set of data, grouped or
ungrouped
• Range
• Standard deviation
• Give the characteristics of a set of data using the measures of variability
• From a given statistical data, analyze, interpret, draw conclusions, make predictions and make
recommendations/decisions.