Nama : Arif Kusuma

Kelas : EK – 3D
NIM : 3.32.17.3.04

Transistor

Definition
Transistor is an electronics component that has three terminals, namely Base, Collector
and Emitter. Transistor was categorized in semiconductor active component because of it does
need current for doing the function. Transistor can be made of Silicon, Germanium, or Gallium
Arsenide base materials.

In general transistor has many function, such as : transistor can be used as an amplifier,
high-speed switch (switching electronics), regulator voltage stability, modulation signal, low
or high frequency generator.

Types
In general, types of transistors and working principle transistor divided into many types.
And now I will tell you about it one by one.

1. Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)

Bipolar junction transistor is a type of transistor that has three terminals, namely base (B),
collector (C), and emitter (E). In electronic circuits, bipolar transistor has a function as a
regulator of electric current. In other words, the transistor can limit the current flowing from
the collector to the emitter, depending on the type of transistor PNP or NPN.

2. Field Effect Transistor (FET)

Field effect transistor is a type of transistor that can generate signals to control other
components. Field effect transistor is a type of transistor that has a three terminals, namely :
Drain (D), Source (S), and Gate (G). The working principle of this transistor is to control the
flow of electrons from source to drain through the terminal voltage applied to gate terminal.
Besides being used as an amplifier, a field effect transistor can also be used as a switch.

3. Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET)

Junction field effect transistor has a three terminals, namely : Drain, Source, and Gate. The
working principle of this transistor is to control the flow of electrons from source to drain
through the terminal voltage applied to gate terminal. JFET consists of two types, namely JFET
canal P and JFET canal N. JFET usually made of silicon or germanium base materials.
4. Metal Oxide Semiconduktor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET)
MOSFET is a transistor included in the type of FET that has three terminals, namely Drain,
Source and Gate. MOSFET has a very high input impedance. MOSFET has a high price,
therefore the MOSFET is only used on the parts that really need it. In electronics circuit,
MOSFET can be used as an RF amplifier in the receiver.

Characteristic
Transistors can be used for three different things: cut-off mode, linear mode amplifier,
and saturation mode. The transistor characteristics can also be used to analyze current and
voltage transistor.
The characteristics of each transistor work area :

1. Cut-off area
When emitter diode given reverse bias. Consequently does not occur the movement of
electrons, so that the base current, IB = 0. Similarly, the current collector, IC = 0, or so-called
ICEO (Flow Collector to emitter at current prices Base is 0).

2. Saturation area
When emitter diode given forward bias. Collectors also given a diode forward bias. As a
result the collector current IC will reach the maximum price, but does not depend on base
current IB and βdc. This causes the transistors into components that can not be controlled.
3. Active area
When emitter diode given forward bias. Collector diode bias given reverse bias. Resulting
properties desired transistor, which transistors can be controlled.

4. Breakdown area
When collectors given diode reverse bias voltage exceeds its breakdown, so the collector
current IC will exceed the specifications are allowed. This can cause damage transistors.

Aplication

Working principle of transistor as an switching electronics. In general, to operate

transistor as a switch, it must require setting the current through the base terminal of transistor.
If the base terminal of transistor given a large current until it reaches saturation point, in this
condition transistor reffered to as the switch in closed position. Whereas if the base terminal of
transistor given a small current to reach the cut-off condition, in this condition the transistor
reffered to as the switch in open position.
Transistor
Types
No. Types of transistor Simbol
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)

Field Effect Transistor (FET)

Junction Field Effect Transistor

(JFET)

Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Single Gate Mosfet

Effect Transistor (MOS FET)

4
The characteristic of transistor

The application of transistor