PHYSICAL CHANGES VS CHEMICAL CHANGES

Atikah Nur Syahirah

Program studi kimia, Universitas Negeri Medan

Email: atikahnursyahirah22@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Changes in physics are changes in matter that are not accompanied by the formation
of substances of a new kind. Chemical change is a change in matter that results in different
(new) types and properties of matter from what was originally called (chemical changes are
also called chemical reactions or reactions). The purpose of this study is to distinguish
between physical changes and chemical changes. This study uses a heating method that
produces 8 physical changes and 3 chemical changes.

INTRODUCTION

Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not
its chemical composition. Physical changes are used to separate mixtures into their
component compounds, but can not usually be used to separate compounds into chemical
elements or simpler compounds. Chemical changes is a change in matter which results in
different (new) types and properties of mater from what was originally.

Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new
substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or
more different substances. These processes are called chemical reactions and, in general, are
not reversible except by further chemical reactions. Some reactions produce heat and are
called exothermic reactions and others may require heat to enable the reaction to occur,
which are called endothermic reactions. Understanding chemical changes is a major part of
the science of chemistry. Physical changes occur when objects or substances undergo a
change that does not change their chemical composition. This contrasts with the concept
of chemical change in which the composition of a substance changes or one or more
substances combine or break up to form new substances. In general a physical change is
reversible using physical means. For example, salt dissolved in water can be recovered by
allowing the water to evaporate.
 An example of a physical change is the process of tempering steel to form a knife
blade. A steel blank is repeatedly heated and hammered which changes the hardness of the
steel, its flexibility and its ability to maintain a sharp edge. An example of a chemical change
is wood burning, if wood is burned it will produce wood charcoal.

EXPERIMENTAL SECTION

Materials and tools

TEMBAGA SULFAT MAGNESIUM

CRYSTAL POWDER

IODINE 0,1 M
CRYSTAL HYDROCHLORIC
ACID SOLUTION
MATERIALS

WATER CARBON TETRA

CHLORIDE

WAX 0,1 M KALIUM

IODINE SOLUTION

DROP
PIPETTE

TUBE BEAKER
CLAMP GLASS

ASBESTOS REACTION
TOOLS TUBE

WATCH TUBE
GLASS RACK

SPIRITUS
LAMP
Heating and Cooling of Iodine

Heat 2 pieces of beaker glass clean and dry

then at the bottom of the beaker 1 put 3 iodine
crystals and then cover.on beaker 2 enter
about 10 grams of wax then cover with a
watch glass.
Heat the two beakers in 10 minutes,then
chill.

Note the changes that occur in each beaker

when it is heated and after it has cooled

Dissolve Iodine Crystals

Provide 3 test tube clean and dry,in each

tube insert 2 iodine crystals

In tubes 1,2,and 3 insert 2 mL of 0,1 M

KI, CCl4 and water solution,then stir
slowly for 5 minutes

Pay attention and note the changes that

occur
Heating on Magnesium Powder

Provide 3 clean and dry test tube,then add a

little magnesium (about 1 grain of rice)

Tube 1 heat it slowly until a changes

occurs.Tube 2 is added slosly (don't pour
0,1M HCl as much 2mL,tube 3 is added to
2mL water ,then heat
Record all processes that occur

Heating Crystals

Provide 2 test tubes,then each inserted 3

crystals,then heat the two tubes until a white
cystal occurs
Into ube 1 drops 2 drops of water and in
tube 2 drops 2 drops note what happens

Reheat the two tubes until they changes

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Physical Changes

A. B. C.

D. E. F.

G. H.

Figure 1. (A) ioudium crystals that are heated there are purple gas vapor around the
walls of the beaker glass, (B) heated candle there is white gas vapor around the walls of
 the beaker glass, (C) the results of mixing iodine crystals with 2 ml CCl4 blackish
purple, (D) the result of mixing iodine crystals plus 2 ml of water the solution becomes
turbid, (E) Mg powder that is heated there is a purple color around the tube wall, (F)
CuSO4 crystals are heated to white, (G) the result of mixing CuSO4 crystals heated with
water occurs evaporation and the color turns blue, (H) the result of mixing the heated
CuSO4 crystals with 2 ml ccl4 was evaporation

Reaction (A) : I2 (S) + O2 (g) → I2O2 (g).

Iodine crystals were previously black and granular in shapes,after heating they turned purple
onn the beaker walls and evaporated, and do not from new substances,therefore changes in
physics occur.

Reaction (B) : Parafin(s) + O2(g ) → parafin O2(g )

Wax before it’s pink color and solid form,after sublimation the wax melts and after it is cools
the wax returns to it’s cooled the wax returns to it’s original shapes,and do not from new
substances,therefore changes in physics occur.

Reaction (C) : I2(S) + CCl4 (aq) → CCl4 I2 (aq).

Previously iodine crystals were drak gray and were clear,after iodine crystals were added the
solution became purple, and do not from new substances,therefore changes in physics occur.

Reaction (D) : I2(s) + H2O(l) → 2HI(l) + O2 (g).

The previous iodine crystal was drak gray and the water was clear,after adding the iodine
crystal the water changes to yellow, and do not from new substances,therefore changes in
physics occur.

Reaction (D) : no reaction occurs,because Magnesium powder was previously gray,after

heating there was no change,and do not from new substances,therefore changes in physics
occur.

Reaction (F) : no reaction occurs, because crystal before they are bright blue,after being
heated turn into white crystals ,and do not from new substances,therefore changes in physics
occur.

Reaction (G) : CUSO4(s) + H2O CU(OH)2 + H2SO4.

White add 2 drops of water to a bright blue color again,and do not from new
substances,therefore changes in physics occur.

Reaction (H) :2 CUSO4(s) + CCl4 SO4 + 2CUCl2.

White crystal added 2 drops turn green, and do not from new substances,therefore changes
in physics occur.

Chemical Changes

A. B. C.

Figure 2. (A) the result of iodine crystal mixing plus 2 ml of 0.1M KI solution
changes the color of the solution to a brownish red color, (B) he results of mixing the
heated Mg powder plus 2 ml of 0.1 M HCl occurred evaporation accompanied by
bubbles and the form remained solid, (C) the result of mixing Mg powder with H2O
occurs evaporation and the solution becomes turbid

Reaction (A) : I2(s) + KI(aq) I2-(aq) + k+(aq).

When iodine crystals are mixed with 2 mL of KI solution while stirring evenly for 5 minutes
the iodine crystals melt and turn brown,Then the changes that occur are chemical changes.

Reaction (B) :Mg (s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2

When magnesium is heated then mixed with 2 mL of 0,1 M HCl solution,the solution boils
and bubbles appear, Then the changes that occur are chemical changes.

Reaction (C) :Mg (s) + H2O Mg (OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

When magnesium is heated then mixed with 2 mL of water,magnesium melts,boiling

solution,bubbles and water vapor appear, Then the changes that occur are chemical changes.
CONCLUSION

Physical changes are changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not
its chemical composition. Chemical changes is a change in matter which results in different
(new) types and properties of mater from what was originally. Physical changes occur when
objects or substances undergo a change that does not change their chemical composition,
Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance,
called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more
different substances.

REFERENCES

https://blog-ruangguru-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/blog.ruangguru.com/perubahan-
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730999235262&csi=1&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=Dari%2
0%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.ruangguru.com%2Fperubahan-
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_change

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_change