UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PAHANG

KAMPUS JENGKA

FSG301
WORKPLACE ASSIGNMENT:
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESMENT AND RISK
CONTROL MEASURES (HIRARC)

MAKMAL BIOLOGI 3
PREPARED BY: NURUL ******
STUDENT ID: 2017******
FACULTY: APPLIED SCIENCE
CLASS: *****
1. ABSTRACT

This assignment was done to identify the hazard, predict the risk that come from the
hazard, identify the existing risk control, and recommend the control measure for the hazards
that came from the activities performed in makmal biologi 3. This study has observed and
identified the hazards during the laboratory visit that was done for this assignment. The
hazards may cause the injury to the employees and students. The risk analysis was calculated
by using the relationship of the severity and the likelihood of the accident.

For hazard that come from reaching high object without proper tools can cause the
person to fall from high place. In order to avoid this accident, using the ladder would be a good
idea. Next, for the spillage that cause slippery surface, wearing proper safety shoes and clean
the spill right away after the spillage can help to avoid this accident. The poor walking surface
can also be identified as hazard, that may trip the employees or student that walk on that
surfaces. The risk that came from this hazard can be avoided by changing or repairing the
walking surface. After that, the students handled the electronic instruments near to the sink
which may cause electric shock due to the cords get splashed by water. This can be avoided
by storing the electronic instruments right away after using it and do not let the cords get wet.
The next hazard is the ergonomic hazard, which come from sitting on the chair for too long.
This hazard can be eliminate or minimised by using ergonomic chair. Lastly, handling acids and
bases may pose threat to the health, and this kind of hazard can be reduced by wearing
personal protective equipment.
2. INTRODUCTION

This study was done by observing the hazards that come from makmal biologi 3.
Makmal biologi 3 is used to handle the biological and chemical materials. This assignment will
study the hazard identification, identify the possible risk and propose the risk control for each
hazards. The control of the hazard is believed to enable the employees and student to work
and study more effectively.

The hazard identification and risk assessment method was adopted to eliminate or
minimise the possible risks in makmal biologi 3.

3. OBJECTIVES

The objectives of this study are:

i. To identify the hazard to safety and health that affect the employees and students in
makmal biologi 3
ii. To perform the risk analysis that might rise from the hazard identified in makmal
biologi 3
iii. To recommend the appropriate safety and health measures to be taken
4. METHODS

According to Fraziel (2010), Hazard identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control
(HIRARC) is to ensure that any potential risk to safety, health, environment and business
aspects of any operation is minimized the risk. Hazards identification in the makmal biologi 3
was done with the implementation of the HIRARC. HIRARC is a tool to measure the risk and
control the risk that come the hazard of any workplace and its activities. Implementing HIRARC
will greatly eliminate or reduce the possibility of the accidents to occur.

4.1 Conduct the work place inspection. This method is used to identify the safety and health
hazards by using the checklist and looking at the area of the concern. The inspection later can
be documented to provide the control or prevention for the safety and health control before
injuries or illness occur (Thomas., 2014). The first step in running this method is by opening
conference, which require the presence of employee. During this encounter session, the data
of the previous record of injuries and illness is needed. Next step is performed during normal
working hour where the employees are around. In this session, a checklist is necessary.

4.2 Task safety analysis or job hazard analysis. This method focus on the job tasks in order to
identify the hazard before the incident and accident occur.

4.3 Observing potential accident factors. In this method, the hazards are observed based on the
condition in laboratory. The risk of hazard is evaluated to determine the level of the risk in
order to provide the control for the hazards.
5. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

HIRARC FORM
Company: UiTM Pahang, Conducted by:
Cawangan Jengka (Name, designation)
Process/Location: Makmal Biologi 3 Date: (from… to…) -
Approved by: -
(Name, designation)
Date: 28th June 2019 Review Date: - Next Review Date: -

From the observation, there are six types of hazards that were identified during the
laboratory visit at makmal biologi 3.

Table 1: Job/Task List

Which can Existing Risk Recommended

No. Task/Work Activity Hazard
cause/effect Control Control Measure
1 Reaching high object Improper Falling from Use ladder Engineering
without improper tools have high place control by
tools poor stability which can redesigning the
cause injuries place to store
the instruments
and glassware.
2 Spillage on the floor Slippery floor May cause Housekeeping Use moisture
surface falling and practice by absorbent mats,
injuries cleaning up the display ‘wet
spillage. floor’ sign, wear
proper shoe with
high grip level.
3 Poor walking surface The floor May cause - Engineering
surface is tripping and control (redesign
uneven falling and floor surface
cause injuries with high friction
level)
- Wear proper
- shoes with high
grip level
- Put plank on
the floor, and
anti-slip mat

4 Handling electronic Water might Can cause Use GFCL Safe work
near to the sink spilled on the electric shock practice by not
cord handling the
electronic close
to the water
sources
 5 Poor sitting posture Improper It may result in Engineering
posture on poor body control by
during sitting posture and - changing the
aching chairs to
ergonomic one
6 Handling The May cause Wear personal Adopt safe work
concentrated acid and chemicals respiratory protective system and
base might get distress, equipment – practice
inhaled or corrosion on wear googles,
splashed to the skin, or gloves, long
the part of eyes burning sleeves lab
the body of coat, and full
the person covered shoes
during
transferring
process

Table 2: Probability/likelihood

Value Probability/Likelihood Description

Reaching high object This hazard has led to incident
without proper tools for 2 times, where the students
2
and employees almost fall
during reaching high object
Spillage on floor, causing The students and employees
slippery walking surface 5 almost fall and get injured for 5
times
Poor walking surface Students and employees
3
almost trip themselves and fall
Handling electronic near to The cord were spilled with the
the sink 2 water and almost cause current
shock
Poor sitting posture Cause short-term aching to the
3
students and employees
Handling concentrated acid The student and employees
and base almost get splashed and
4
inhaled the concentrated
chemicals
Table 3: Consequences and severity

Value Consequences/Severity Description

Reaching high object Students and employees fall
without proper tools 2 during reaching high object and
cause injury
Spillage on floor, causing Student and employees trip
slippery walking surface 1 themselves and fall, which
caused injury
Poor walking surface Students and employees get
2
hurt from falling
Handling electronic near to Student and employees get
2
the sink shock by low voltage current
Poor sitting posture 1 Causing long-term back pain
Handling concentrated acid Student and employees got
and base 3 respiratory distress, corrosion
on skin, and eyes burning

Table 4: Risk Matrix (Probability/Likelihood vs Consequences/Severity)

Value Probability/Likelihood Consequences/Severity

Reaching high object without
2 2
proper tools
Spillage on floor, causing
5 1
slippery walking surface
Poor walking surface 3 2
Handling electronic near to
2 2
the sink
Poor sitting posture 3 1
Handling concentrated acid
4 3
and base

Table 5: Risk Value

Value Probability/Likelihood Consequences/Severity Value

Reaching high object
without proper tools 2 2 Low

Spillage on floor,
causing slippery 5 1 Medium
walking surface
Poor walking surface 3 2 Medium
Handling electronic
near to the sink 2 2 Low

Poor sitting posture 3 1 Low

Handling
concentrated acid 4 3 Medium
and base
 Table 6: Job/Task List (HIRARC)

1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Analysis 3. Risk Control

P
Recommended
Work Existing Risk Likeli- Sev- I
No. Hazard Effect Risk Control
Activity Control hood erity C
Measures
1 Reaching Improper tools Falling Use ladder to 2 2 4 Engineering
high object have poor from high reach object control by
without stability place may from high redesigning the
-
proper tools cause place place to store
injury the instruments
and glassware.
2 Spillage on Slippery floor May cause Housekeeping 5 1 5 Use moisture
floor, causing surface falling, and practice by absorbent mats,
slippery injury cleaning up display ‘wet
walking the spillage. floor’ sign, wear -
surface proper shoe
with high grip
level
3 Poor walking The floor The poor 3 2 6 Engineering
surface surface is surface control by
uneven may cause redesigning the
tripping floor surface
and falling with the floor
during with high
handling - friction level. -
chemicals Wear proper
or shoes with high
apparatus grip level
Put plank on the
floor, anti-slip
mat
4 Handling Water might Can cause Use GFCL 2 2 4 Safe work
electronic spilled on the electric practice by not
near to the cord shock handling the
-
sink electronic close
to the water
sources
5 Poor sitting Improper It may - 3 1 3 Engineering
posture posture during result in control by
sitting poor body changing the -
posture chairs to
and aching ergonomic one
6 Handling The chemicals Causing Wear personal 4 3 12 Adopt safe work
concentrated might get respiratory protective systems and
acid and inhaled or distress, equipment – practices
base splashed to corrosion wear googles,
the part of the on the skin, gloves, long -
body of the or eyes sleeves lab
person during burning. coat, and full
transferring covered shoes
process
Table 7: Risk Ranking

Ranking Job/Task
1 Handling concentrated acid and base
2 Poor walking surface
3 Spillage on floor, causing slippery walking surface
4 Handling electronic near to the sink
4 Reaching high object without proper tools
5 Poor sitting posture

The hazards were determined based on their risk rating. Based from the risk
calculation, the hazards that have the highest risk, for safety hazard, poor walking surface
and for health hazard, handling acid and base.

Poor walking surface of the floor in the laboratory has led to incident and accident.
This hazard may cause the employees or students to trip themselves during walking in
laboratory and may cause the employees or students to injure themselves.

For safety hazard, handling acid and base has highest risk. The risk that come from
this hazard is mostly caused due to employees or students carelessness. Accident do not just
happen, they are caused due to employees or students carelessness. 99% of the accidents are
caused by either unsafe acts or unsafe conditions or both (Ridley, 1986). This hazard can pose
threat to the health if improperly handle these chemicals.
6. RECOMMENDATION
The table below shows the recommended control measures for the hazards that
were identified in the makmal biologi 3.

Risk Description Action

1–4 Low It is considered as acceptable and further reduction of the
risk may not be necessary. However, if the hazard can be
eliminate immediately, the control measure can be
implemented for this hazard and recorded.
5 – 12 Medium A plan to control the hazard is required, and the
temporary control measure should be applied if needed.
Action taken and date must be documented on the risk
assessment form.
15 – 25 High An immediate action is required as detailed in the
hierarchy of control. Action taken and date must be
documented in the risk assessment form.

The hazards that have assessed as high risk should take immediate actions to resolve
the possible risks. Choosing a suitable control is important to eliminate the hazard or reduce
the risk.

For the highest risk that come from safety hazard, poor walking surface. The hazard
can be eliminated by engineering control where the floor surface is redesign for better friction
level. Another way to overcome this hazard is by wearing proper shoes with high grip level to
avoid slipping when walking on the poor floor surface. The last recommended control measure
to avoid being injured from this hazard is by placing plank or anti-slip mat on the floor.

Lastly, for the most critical health hazard, handling acid and base which can cause
respiratory distress, burning eyes, and corrosion to the part of the body skin. This kind of
health threats are happened due to its corrosive nature. To avoid and these risks, wearing
personal protective equipment will be a big help in avoiding the risk. The personal protective
equipment required during handling concentrated acid and base are, long sleeves lab coat,
proper gloves, full covered shoes, chemical goggle, and full covered shoes. The other way to
reduce the risk is by handling these chemical with these concentrated acid and base with lower
concentrated one. Lastly, safe work procedures, and supervision and training of the
employees and student should be done. In order to reduce the accident or incident level, it is
important to ensure that safe working practice is being observed (Radhlinah. et al., 2002). This
can help employees or students to be familiar with the safety practice, and this kind of risk
can be eliminated or reduced. Lack of organizational commitment is one of the causes of
accidents in the workplace (Tam. et al., 2004).
7. CONCLUSION

From the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment analysis, the critical hazard
identified for safety hazard was poor walking surface and for health hazard, handling acid and
bases.
The recommended control measure may help in avoiding the incident and accident
that are caused from the hazards identified. This will help the students and employees to
work in more secure environment which at the same time can boost the productivity of the
employees and students.
8. APPENDIX
No. Hazards

1 Reaching high object

2 Spillage on the floor

3 Poor walking surface

Electronic component next to water

4
source

5 Non-ergonomic chair

Handling high concentrated acid and

6
base
9. REFERENCES

Ahmad, R. K., & Gibb, A. G. (2003). Measuring safety culture with SPMT—field-data. Journal
of Construction Research, 4(01), 29-44.

Barahim, F. (2010). Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control (HIRARC) in a
corrugated box manufacturer (Doctoral dissertation, University of Malaya).

Tam C.M.,Zeng S.X. and Deng Z.M(2004). Identifying elements of poor construction safety
management in China, Safety Science 42(2004)569-586.

Thomas, D. S. (2014). Workplace safety and health: assessing current practices and promoting
change in the profession. CRC Press.