`imyj wdK&n

cÖ_g LÐ
M‡elYvg~jK wdK&nx cÖeÜ-msKjb
 `imyj wdK&n
cÖ_g LÐ
M‡elYvg~jK wdK&nx cÖeÜ-msKjb

ZË¡veavb
dvZIqv wefvM
`viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg
`imyj wdK&n (1g LÐ)
M‡elYvg~jK wdK&nx cÖeÜ-msKjb

c„ô‡cvlK: kvBLyj Bmjvg Avjøvgv kvn Avng` kwd `v.ev.

gynZvwgg I kvBLyj nv`xm, `viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg

ZË¡veavb: dvZ&Iqv wefvM, `viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg

nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg

wØZxq ms¯‹iY: iweDm mvbx 1440 wnRix

wW‡m¤^i 2018 Cmvqx

m¤úv`bv: gydZx Avãyyjøvn bvRxe nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: iRe 1435 wnRix

ˆekvL 1421 evsjv
†g 2014 Cmvqx

m¤úv`bv cwil`: Avãyjøvn bvRxe

BmgvCj ûmvBb bvivqYMÄx
Lvb gynv¤§` gvneyeyj nK
Aveyj evkvi †mvnvBj wmivRx
Avãyjøvn †gv¯Ídv XvKv
knx`yj Bmjvg

msKjb I cÖKvkbvq: wKmgyZ ZvLvm&mym wdj wdKwnj Bmjvgx

(mgvcbx e‡l©i QvÎe„›`- 1435wnRix)

MÖš’¯^Z¡: dvZ&Iqv wefvM KZ…©K msiw¶Z

kãweb¨vm: Avãyi inxg kvn& bIMuv

K¨vwjMÖvwd I cÖ”Q`: ewki wgQevn

nvw`qv: 550/- (cuvPkZ cÂvk UvKv gvÎ)

 kvBLyj Bmjvg mvBwq` ûmvBb Avng` gv`vbx ivn. Gi my‡hvM¨ Ljxdv, Avj
RvwgqvZzj Avnwjqv `viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg nvUnvRvixi gnvcwiPvjK I kvBLyj
nv`xm, evsjv‡`k KIgx gv`ivmv wk¶v †evW© (†edvK) Gi m¤§vwbZ †Pqvig¨vb
Avjøvgv kvn Avng` kwd mv‡ne `v.ev. Gi
`yÔAv I AwfgZ
‫ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬
!‫ أﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬،‫ واﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻔﻰ‬،‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺬي ﻛﻔﻰ‬
`viæj Dj~‡gi cÖwZôvKvj GK kZvãx †cwi‡q‡Q| ïiæ †_‡K wewkó D¯ÍvhMY
mgmvgwqK mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡q Avm‡Qb| nhiZ gydZx dqRyjøvn ivn. Gi gva¨‡g
AvbyôvwbKfv‡e `viæj BdZvi KvR ïiæ nq| cieZ©x‡Z ‫اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
wefvMI †Lvjv nq | m‡e©vcwi `viæj Dj~g ïiæ †_‡KB hyM mgm¨vi mgvav‡b wb‡qvwRZ|
wdK&ûb-bvIqvwhj wel‡q †Rviv‡jvfv‡e KvR Kivi Rb¨ gydwZqv‡b †Kiv‡gi
ZË¡veav‡b (‫ )ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬bv‡g wdK&n †evW© MVb Kiv nq| `viæj Dj~‡gi
gydwZqv‡b †KivgI wewfbœfv‡e mgKvjxb wewfbœ welqvw`i mgvavb w`‡q Avm‡Qb|
†gŠwLKfv‡e, cÖeÜvKv‡i I eB cy¯ÍK iPbv K‡i|
GiB avivevwnKZvq 1435 wnRixi ‫ ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬wØZxq e‡l©i Zv‡j‡e
Bjgiv Avmv‡Zhv‡q †Kiv‡gi ZË¡veav‡b wdK&ûb-bvIqvwh‡ji wKQz welq wb‡q
gyZvAvjv K‡i cÖeÜvKv‡i †ck K‡i Ges D¯ÍvhM‡Yi mZ¨vqb †bq| ‡h¸‡jv GLb
Ô`imyj wdK&nÕ bv‡g MÖšv’ Kv‡i cÖKv‡ki c‡_| welqe¯‘ I cÖe‡Üi Bjgx Av›`vh †`‡L
Avwg LyeB Avbw›`Z n‡qwQ| G‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡bK welq ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| `viæj BdZvi
Avmv‡Zhv‡q †Kiv‡gi Z`viKx I mZ¨vq‡b cÖKvwkZ GB MÖš’ Øviv Zv‡j‡e Bjg,
Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi cvkvcvwk RbmvaviYI DcK…Z n‡e e‡j Avkv ivwL| wdK&ûb-
bvIqvwh‡ji cwiPq I bxwZgvjv m¤^wjZ f~wgKv A‡bK Zv‡j‡e Bjg‡K c_ †`Lv‡e
e‡j g‡b Kwi|
cwi‡k‡l `viæj BdZvi AvmvwZhv‡q †Kiv‡gi ïKwiqv Av`vq KiwQ| †h mKj Zv‡j‡e
Bjg Kó K‡i cÖeÜ wj‡L‡Q Ges cwikÖg K‡i Zv‡K eB Dc‡hvMx K‡i mvwR‡q‡Q|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv mevB‡K DËg wewbgq `vb Kiæb, Zv‡`i G †gnbZ‡K Keyj Kiæb
Ges fwel¨‡Z wdK‡ni †L`g‡Z wb‡qvwRZ ivLyb| Avgxb\

Avjøvgv kvn Avng` kwd `v.ev.

gnvcwiPvjK
`viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg|
08 iRe 1435 wnRix
RvwgqvZzj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgqv webœyix UvDb KivPx cvwK¯Ívb Gi mv‡eK cÖavb gydZx I
Avj RvwgqvZzj Avnwjqv `viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg nvUnvRvixi gydZx AvÔhg
Avjøvgv gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn Gi
AwfgZ I `yÔAv
‫ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬
‫ وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ واﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺼﻄﻔﻰ‬،‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺬي ﺧﻠﻖ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﺛﻢ ﻫﺪى‬
!‫ أﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬،‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻘﻰ‬
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-

[٧ :‫ اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬،٤٣ :‫]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ Q

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G Avqv‡Z Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv GKwU g~jbxwZ †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Ôhviv Rv‡b bv Zv‡`i
KZ©e¨ n‡jv, hviv Rv‡b Zv‡`i‡K wR‡Ám K‡i Avgj Ki‡e|Õ
nhiZ mvnvev‡q †Kivg ivwh. bvbvwea mgm¨vi mgvavb mivmwi ivm~j †_‡K †R‡b
wb‡Zb| Zuv‡`i cÖ‡kœi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z AvqvZI bvwhj n‡Zv| cweÎ KziAv‡bi wewfbœ
RvqMvq Gi eY©bv G‡m‡Q|

[۲۲۲ :‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬sr q p [۲۲۰ :‫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬HGF E

[١٢٧ :‫]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬¥¤ £ ¢ [۲۱۹ :‫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬¹¸ ¶ µ ´

Avi hviv ivm~j Gi Kv‡Q wR‡Ám Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv, Zviv Zv‡`i mgm¨vejxi
kiÔqx mgvavb †R‡b wb‡Zb Ab¨vb¨ dKxn mvnvex‡`i KvQ †_‡K| Avevi ivm~j
I Zuvi mvwbœa¨ab¨ mvnvex‡`i‡K wewfbœ mgq `~i-`~iv‡šÍi gymjgvb‡`i Øxb wk¶v I
Zv‡`i bvbvwea mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ cvVv‡Zb| G‡`i g‡a¨ nhiZ gyÔAvh Be‡b
Rvevj ivwh. Gi bvg we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨| ivm~j Gi B‡šÍKv‡ji ci
gymjgvb‡`i mgm¨vejxi mgvavb w`‡Zb dKxn mvnvexMY| BwZnv‡mi cvZvq G mKj
gydZx mvnvexi `xN© ZvwjKv i‡q‡Q| hv‡`i Ab¨Zg n‡jb, Pvi Ljxdv, Avãyjøvn Be‡b
gvmD` (32wn.), Avey g~mv AvkAvix (52wn.), gyÔAvh Be‡b Rvevj (18/19wn.), DevB
Be‡b KvÔe (22wn.), hv‡q` Be‡b Qv‡eZ (45wn.), D¤§yj gywgbxb Av‡qkv (57wn.),
Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi (73wn.), Avey ûivqiv (58wn.), Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avgi Bebyj Avm
(65wn.) Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm (68wn.), Avbvm Be‡b gv‡jK (93wn.), Avãyjøvn
Be‡b gyMvd&dvj I Bgivb Be‡b ûmvBb ivwh.cÖgyL|
nhiZ mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi ci wdKn-dvZvIqvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡eqx‡`i
weivU RvgvZ| †hgb, g`xbvq- mvC` Bebyj gymvwq¨e (94wn.), DiIqv Be‡b hyevBi
(94wn.), Avey eKi Be‡b Avãyi ingvb gvLhygx (94wn.), Avjx Be‡b ûmvBb (94wn.),
DevB`jøvn Be‡b Avãyjøvn (98wn.), mv‡jg Be‡b Avãyjøvn (106wn.), Kv‡mg Be‡b
gynv¤§` (106wn.), myjvBgvb Be‡b Bqvmvi (107wn.), Avey RvÔdi gynv¤§` Be‡b Avjx
Be‡b ûmvBb (114wn.), bv‡dÕ gvIjv Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi (117wn.), gynv¤§` Be‡b
gymwjg (124wn.), Aveyh& whbv` Avãyjøvn Be‡b hvIqvb (131wn.), BqvnBqv Be‡b
mvC` Avbmvix (146wn.), iweAvZzi ivq (136wn.) ivn.| g°vq- gyRvwn` (106wn.),
BKwigv (107wn.), AvZv Be‡b Avex ievn (114wn.), Avey hyevBi gynv¤§` Be‡b
gymwjg (127wn.) ivn.| Kzdvq- AvjKvgv (62wn.), gvmiƒK (63wn.), Kvhx ïivBn
(78wn.), Avex`v mvjgvbx (95wn.), AvmIqv` (95wn.), Beivnxg bvLvqx (95wn.),
mvC` Be‡b RyevBi (95wn.), Av‡gi Be‡b ïivnexj (104wn.), Bgvg AvÔhg Avey
nvbxdv (150wn.) ivn.| emivq- Aveyj Avwjqv (90wn.), nvmvb gvIjv hv‡q` Be‡b
Qv‡eZ (110wn.), gynv¤§` Be‡b mxixb (110wn.), KvZv`v (118wn.) ivn.| kv‡g-
Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Mvwbg (78wn.), Avey B`ixm LvIjvbx (80wn.), Be‡b hyAvBe
(86wn.), Igi Be‡b Avãyj Avhxh (101wn.), ivRv Be‡b nvBIqvn (112wn.), gvKûj
Be‡b Avey gymwjg (113wn.) ivn.| wgm‡i- Aveyj Lv‡qi Be‡b Avãyjøvn (90wn.),
Bqvwh` Be‡b Avey nvexe (128wn.) ivn.| Bqvgvb- ZvDm (106wn.), Iqvnve Be‡b
gybvweŸn (114wn.), BqvnBqv Be‡b Avey KvQxi (129wn.) ivn.|
MwZkxj GB c„w_ex cÖwZwbqZB cwieZ©bkxj| GB cwieZ©‡bi aviv †e‡q gvbe Rxe‡b
Av‡m bZzb bZzb A‡bK mgm¨v| ZvB mvnvev‡q †Kivg I Zv‡eqx‡`i ciI cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡M
Bgvg I dKxn‡`i wekvj GK RvgvZ gvby‡li bvbvwea mgm¨vi myôz, my›`i I m‡e©vËg
mgvavb w`‡q Bmjv‡gi me©RwbbZv I c~Y©Zv cÖgvY K‡i Avm‡Qb| Bmjvgx Ávb-
weÁv‡bi wekvj fvÐvi Gi D¾¡j cÖgvY enb Ki‡Q| wRÁvmv I mgvav‡bi G aviv
GL‡bv Ae¨vnZ Av‡Q|
nvUnvRvix gv`ivmvi ïiæ †_‡KB AwfÁ D¯Ívh I gydZxMY G ai‡bi bvbvwea bZzb
mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡q Avm‡Qb| AvRI †m aviv Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q| Bb&kvAvjøvn wKqvgZ
Aewa _vK‡e|
Avwg †R‡b AZ¨šÍ Lywk n‡qwQ †h, ‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬wefv‡M Aa¨qbiZ mgvcbx
e‡l©i QvÎiv mgKvjxb wewfbœ wel‡qi Dci 45wU M‡elYvg~jK cÖeÜ ˆZwi K‡i‡Q|
Avwg cÖeܸ‡jvi mvims‡¶c ï‡bwQ Ges wewfbœ RvqMvq cÖ‡qvRbxq ms‡kvabx w`‡qwQ|
Avjnvg`ywjjøvn eûj cÖZxw¶Z A‡bK Kómva¨ GKUv KvR Zviv AvÄvg w`‡q‡Q|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv mswkøó mKj‡K Øx‡bi †hvM¨ `vqx I gyL‡jm Lv‡`g wn‡m‡e Keyj
Kiæb| Avkv Kwi evsjv fvlvfvwl e„nËi Rb‡Mvôxi Kv‡Q eBwU e¨vcK cvVKwcÖqZv
AR©b Ki‡e Ges mK‡ji Avg‡ji Rb¨ DcKvix n‡e|

.‫ وﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ أﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﻳﺎ رب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫آﻣﻴﻦ‬

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm
`viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg
 gyRvwχ` wgjøvZ, gymwj‡n D¤§vZ, gydZx‡q AvÔhg nhiZ gvIjvbv gydZx dqRjøvn
ivn. Gi wewkó Lwjdv, dKxûh hvgvb, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvixi iC‡m `viæj BdZv
Avjøvgv gydZx b~i Avng` `v.ev. Gi
evYx I `yÔAv
‫ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬
‫ وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ واﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻰ أﺷﺮف اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬،‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺬي ﺟﻌﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ورﺛﺔ اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‬


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:‫ أﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ! ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﺒﺎرك وﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬،‫اﻷﺗﻘﻴﺎء‬
‫ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮد اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻴﺮا‬:
‫
وﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬Ð
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(‫ )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬.‫ﻳﻔﻘﻬﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
mKj cÖksmv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨ whwb gvbeRvwZ‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| `ywbqv‡Z Pjvi
Rb¨ msweavb wn‡m‡e KziAvb I nv`xm `vb K‡i‡Qb| wKqvgZ ch©šÍ bemsNwUZ
NUbvmg~‡ni mwVK mgvavb I bevwe¯‹…Z wRwb‡mi kiÔqx wewaweavb Rvbvi Rb¨
Dm~jwfwËK BR‡Znv‡`i e¨e¯’v †i‡L‡Qb| Gi Dci wfwË K‡iB mvnvev hyM †_‡K AvR
ch©šÍ gyRZvwn` Bgvg I dKxnMY mg‡q mg‡q NwUZ †h mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb mivmwi
KziAvb I nv`x‡m †bB Dm~jwfwËK BR‡Znv‡`i gva¨‡g †m mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb
w`‡q‡Qb| cieZ©x dKxnMYI Zv‡`i mgmvgwqK wbZ¨bZzb †h mKj NUbvejxi mgvavb
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv, Avey BDmyd I gynv¤§` ivn. †_‡K cvIqv hvq bv wdK&‡n nvbvdxi
Dm~j I KvIqvwq‡`i wfwˇZ †m¸‡jvi mgvavb w`‡q‡Qb|
G myev‡` ‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬wefv‡Mi wcÖq QvÎiv `xN© mgq †gnbZ K‡i wbe©vwPZ
wewfbœ AvaywbK wel‡q `vjvB‡ji Av‡jv‡K Dm~jwfwËK Z_¨ I ZË¡wbf©i GKwU cÖvgvwYK
MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Q Ges Gi gva¨‡g wewfbœ mgm¨v mgvav‡bi mvwe©K cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q‡Q|
†R‡b Lye Avbw›`Z njvg| wewfbœ e¨¯ÍZv I kvixwiK `ye©jZvi `iæb cy‡ivUv †`Lv m¤¢e
bv n‡jI D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ask ï‡bwQ| cÖ‡qvR‡b wewfbœ civgk© w`‡qwQ| Avgvi Avkv,
eBwU mK‡ji Rb¨ DcKvix n‡e| mv‡_ mv‡_ Avjøvni wbKU `yÔAv KiwQ, †hb wZwb
GUv‡K e¨vcKfv‡e Keyj K‡ib| hviv Gi wcQ‡b †gnbZ K‡i‡Q mK‡jiB Bjgx I
Avgjx DbœwZ `vb K‡ib| Avgxb\

Avjøvgv gydZx b~i Avng` `v.ev.

gydZx I wewkó gynvwÏm
`viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg
07 iRe 1435 wnRix
 gydwZ‡q AvÔhg nhiZ Avng`yj nK ivn. Gi Ljxdv `viæj Dj~g gyCbyj Bmjvg
nvUnvRvixi Zvdmxi, nv`xm I BdZv wefv‡Mi D¯Ívh
gydZx Rwmg DÏxb `v.ev. Gi
`yÔAv I AwfgZ
‫ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬
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mg¯Í cÖksmv gnvb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨| AmsL¨ `iƒ` I mvjvg †cÖwiZ †nvK ivm~‡j
AvKivg Gi cÖwZ| Avjøvn iveŸyj AvÕjvgxb KziAv‡b Kvix‡g Bikv` K‡ib,
Ô†Zvgiv ÁvZ bI Ggb me welq Ávbx‡`i wRÁvmv K‡i bvI|Õ (m~iv bvnj: 43)
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv m„wói †miv wn‡m‡e gvbeRvwZ‡K m„wó K‡i Zv‡`i Rxeb cwiPvjbvi
Rb¨ GKwU c~Y©v½ msweavb `vb K‡i‡Qb| hv KziAvb-nv`xm Ges wdK&‡ni mgwš^Z
iƒc| wKqvgZ ch©šÍ AvMZ mKj mgm¨v GB wZb g~jbxwZi Av‡jv‡K mgvavb‡hvM¨|
G Kvi‡Y cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡MB gyRZvwn` BgvgMY mgKvjxb mKj beD™¢vweZ wel‡qi
mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Amvgvb¨ mvabv K‡i †M‡Qb| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ me‡P‡q AMÖMvgx n‡jb
Bgvg AvÔhg Avey nvbxdv byÔgvb Be‡b Qv‡eZ ivn.| wKš‘ wZwb ïay wb‡Ri Bj‡gi
Dci wbf©i K‡ibwb eis gyRZvwn`‡`i Pwjøk m`m¨ wewkó GKwU civgk© mfv ev
ÔgvRwj‡k gvkIqvivÕ MVb K‡i‡Qb| ZvB †Zv nvbvdx gvhnve Ab¨vb¨ gvhnve †_‡K
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،‫ »ﺗﺸﺎورون اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء واﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ‬: ‫ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﺮﻧﺎ؟ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إن ﻧﺰل ﺑﻨﺎ أﻣﺮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺎن أﻣﺮ وﻻ ﻧﻬﻲ‬
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`~ieZ©x‡`i †¶‡Î †Kejv wbY©q ................................................................. 60
wWwMÖi cwiPq ...................................................................................... 63
cvnvo-ce©Z, mgy`ª I giæf~wg‡Z †Kejv wbav©iY ........................................... 65
wn›`y¯Ív‡b mn‡R †Kejv wba©vi‡Yi c×wZ .................................................... 66
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh 69
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgv‡hi weavb ..................................................................... 69
`uvov‡Z A¶g wKš‘ iæKz-wmR`vq m¶g e¨w³i bvgvh ..................................... 70
`uvov‡Z m¶g wKš‘ iæKz wmR`vq A¶g e¨w³i bvgvh ...................................... 71
†Pqv‡i e‡m †Uwe‡j wmR`v Kiv ............................................................... 76
KvZv‡ii gv‡S e‡m bvgv‡hi weavb ........................................................... 77
KvZv‡i †Pqvi ivLvi c×wZ .................................................................... 77
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi K‡qKwU ¶wZKi w`K ............................................ 78
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 79
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi weavb wK Lvqiæj Kziæ‡b wQ‡jv?................................ 80
†Pqv‡i emv wK bvgv‡hi ¯^xK…Z c×wZ ÔKzÔD`-Gi AšÍfz©³? ............................. 83
Bû`x-L„÷vb‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨................................................................... 87
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgv‡hi AbygwZ w`‡j Ace¨env‡ii `iRv Ly‡j hv‡e...................... 89
gvÕh~i e¨w³iv wK gmwR‡` hv‡e bv? .......................................................... 91
Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh cov wK ÔgybKviÕ? ..................................... 92
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq m¤ú‡K© GKwU Bk‡Znvi : wKQz ch©v‡jvPbv .................. 93
GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv 100
RygÔAv mnxn nIqvi Rb¨ kZ©mg~n.......................................................... 100
kn‡ii cwiPq .................................................................................... 101
GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv ................................................................... 102
†RjLvbv I msiw¶Z GjvKvq RygÔAvi bvgvh 107
GKwU cÖkœ I Zvi Reve ........................................................................ 110
mviK_v ............................................................................................ 111
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi kiÔqx weavb 112
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi e¨vcv‡i Bgvg‡`i gZvgZ .............................................. 114
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Rv‡qh cÖe³v‡`i `jxj I Zvi LÛb ................................... 116
nv`xmwUi we‡kølY ............................................................................... 116
GKwU mskq I Zvi wbimb ....................................................................118
ivR‰bwZK m~‡Î Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi ûKzg ....................................................118
C`Mv‡ni AvnKvg 120
C`Mv‡ni ¸iæZ¡ ................................................................................. 120
gmwR‡` C‡`i bvgvh ...........................................................................122
ev”Pv‡`i C`Mv‡n hvIqv ...................................................................... 124
mvg‡b ÔmyZivÕ †`qv ............................................................................ 125
C‡`i bvgv‡hi c~e©vci bdj bvgvh ......................................................... 125
C`Mv‡n Kzievbxi weavb ........................................................................126
Aa¨vq: mdi
gymvwd‡ii bvgvh: wKQz gvmvBj 128
gymvwdi †Kv‡Ì‡K Kmi Ki‡e ................................................................ 128
wbR GjvKvi mxgv ...............................................................................129
AwZµg `yÕai‡bi .............................................................................. 130
Kmi bvgvh m¤ú‡K© wKQz gvmAvjv .......................................................... 130
gymvwd‡ii RygÔAvi bvgvh .................................................................... 132
`yB bvgvh GKmv‡_ Av`vq Kiv .............................................................. 133
bvgv‡hi `yÔAv-‡KivZ ms‡¶c Kiv cÖm½ .................................................. 134
md‡i mybœZ bvgv‡hi ûKzg .................................................................... 135
ZvejxMx mdi, k¦ïivjq I wcÎvj‡q bvgvh 138
gymvwd‡ii cwiPq ............................................................................... 138
gymvwdi gyKxg nIqvi Dcvqmg~n ............................................................ 138
ZvejxMx RvgvÔAv‡Zi mdi cÖm½ ........................................................... 140
gviKv‡h Ae¯’vbKvjxb mg‡qi ûKzg........................................................ 140
mdiKvjxb mg‡qi weavb ...................................................................... 141
wba©vwiZ †iv‡L Ae¯’vbKvjxb mg‡qi weavb ................................................ 141
gwnjv‡`i mdi ................................................................................. 142
k¦ïi evwo‡Z RvgvZvi I wcÎvj‡q †g‡qi bvgvh......................................... 143
¯’vqxfv‡e Ae¯’v‡bi wKQz AvjvgZ ........................................................... 144
gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvnivg 146
md‡ii `~iZ¡ .................................................................................... 146
gvniv‡gi cwiPq ............................................................................... 147
eskMZ m~‡Î gwnjv‡`i gvnivg .............................................................. 147
ˆeevwnK m~‡Î gwnjv‡`i gvnivg ............................................................. 147
`ya cv‡bi m~‡Î gvnivg ........................................................................ 148
gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvniv‡gi ¸iæZ¡ ........................................................... 148
kiÔqx md‡ii Kg `~i‡Z¡ gwnjv‡`i mdi ................................................. 149
md‡i †Kvb ai‡bi gvnivg _vK‡Z n‡e ................................................... 150
bvix‡`i n‡R¡i mdi ............................................................................ 151
gvnivg e¨ZxZ gwnjv RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ nR¡ ............................................. 153
Aa¨vq: hvKvZ
hvKvZ, wdZ&iv, nR¡ I Kzievbxi †bmve 156
†bmv‡ei cwiPq ................................................................................. 156
†bmv‡ei cÖKvi‡f` ............................................................................. 156
hvKv‡Zi cwiPq ................................................................................ 157
hvKv‡Zi †bmve ................................................................................. 157
†mvbv-iƒcvi †bmve ............................................................................. 157
w`invg I wgQKv‡ji wnmve................................................................... 158
e¨emvi m¤ú‡`i †bmve ....................................................................... 158
DcvR©‡bi DcKi‡Yi Dci hvKv‡Zi ûKzg ................................................ 159
wewfbœ †kªYxi m¤ú‡`i †bmve wbY©q ......................................................... 160
c‡Y¨i LyPiv g~j¨ bv cvBKvix g~j¨ †KvbwUi wnmve aiv n‡e? ........................... 161
hvKvZ †Kvb gvj Øviv Av`vq Ki‡e? ........................................................ 161
g~j¨ cÖ`vb Kiv‡K hviv ˆea e‡jb Zuv‡`i `jxj ........................................... 161
nvivg gvj †bmv‡ei AšÍf©y³ n‡e wKbv? ................................................... 163
wdZ&ivi msÁv ................................................................................... 164
wdZivi †bmve .................................................................................. 164
hvKvZ I wdZivi gv‡S cv_©K¨ .............................................................. 165
Kzievbxi †bmve ................................................................................. 165
nR¡ KLb dih .................................................................................. 165
mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwbi Dci hvKvZ 167
hvKv‡Z †bmv‡ei ¸iæZ¡ ........................................................................ 167
mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwbi Dci hvKvZ cÖm½ .....................................................169
mwgwZi m`m¨‡`i Dci hvKvZ ...............................................................171
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi kiÔqx weavb I hvKvZ cÖm½ 173
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi cÖKvi‡f` ................................................................... 173
†¯^”Qv cÖ‡Yvw`Z cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ ............................................................... 173
GKwU m‡›`‡ni Aemvb ........................................................................ 174
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ ....................................................... 175
eva¨Zvg~jK dv‡Û †¯^”Qvq AwZwi³ UvKv ivLv............................................ 176
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi hvKvZ msµvšÍ Av‡iv wKQz gvmAvjv ................................... 176
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi wgivQ ........................................................................ 177
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi e¨vcv‡i Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. Gi me©‡kl dvZIqv ......... 177
F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb 179
hvKvZ Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg †ivKb............................................................. 179
F‡Yi cwiPq .................................................................................... 179
F‡Yi cÖKvi‡f` ................................................................................ 180
†gŠwjK Pvwn`vi R‡b¨ †bqv F‡Yi hvKvZ ...................................................181
e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †bqv F‡Yi hvKvZ cÖm½ ................................................. 182
cÖ_g I wØZxq cÖKv‡ii ûKzg ................................................................. 182
Z…Zxq cÖKv‡ii ûKzg ........................................................................... 183
F‡Yi Dci Av‡ivwcZ my` cÖm½ ............................................................. 187
FY`vZvi hvKvZ cÖm½......................................................................... 188
†kqvi I cÖvBRe‡Ûi hvKv‡Zi weavb 191
†kqv‡ii hvKvZ cÖm½........................................................................... 191
cÖvBReÛ ..........................................................................................192
kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z cÖvBReÛ ................................................................. 193
cÖvBRe‡Ûi weKí .............................................................................. 194
cÖvBRe‡Ûi hvKv‡Zi weavb .................................................................. 194
Iki I Lviv‡Ri weavb 196
Ik‡ii cwiPq ...................................................................................196
Ik‡ii ûKzg......................................................................................196
Iki dih nIqvi kZ©mg~n ................................................................... 197
Ikix Rwgi cwiPq............................................................................. 198
Ik‡ii †bmve ....................................................................................199
Ik‡ii cwigvY ..................................................................................199
Iki e¨‡qi LvZ .................................................................................199
Lviv‡Ri cwiPq ................................................................................. 200
LvivRx Rwgi cwiPq ........................................................................... 201
Lviv‡Ri weavb .................................................................................. 201
Lviv‡Ri cÖKvi‡f` ............................................................................. 201
Lviv‡Ri cwigvY................................................................................ 202
LvivR e¨‡qi LvZ .............................................................................. 203
evsjv‡`‡ki Rwg Ikix bv LvivRx G wel‡q ch©v‡jvPbv................................. 204
Aa¨vq: †ivhv
ighvb I C‡`i Pvu`: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 208
Pvu` †`Lvi ¸iæZ¡................................................................................ 208
ighvb I C‡`i Pvu` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi kZ©vejx ............................................. 209
Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi †¶‡Î mv‡¶¨i wKQz iƒc‡iLv ......................................... 211
Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi Av‡iv GKwU c×wZ ....................................................212
†njvj KwgwUi iƒc‡iLv ........................................................................212
†njvj KwgwUi †NvlYv Abyhvqx †ivhv I C` cvjb ....................................... 213
wegvb, †nwjKÞvi I `~iex‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Pvu` †`Lv ........................................ 213
†iwWI †Uwjwfk‡bi msev‡`i wfwˇZ †ivhv I C` cvjb............................... 214
†gvevBj †dvb I wPwVc‡Îi msev‡` †ivhv I C` cvjb ..................................216
mviv we‡k¦ GKB w`‡b C` 218
GK D`q¯’‡j Ae¯’vbKvixi C` ............................................................. 218
wfbœ D`q¯’‡j Ae¯’vbKvixi C` ..............................................................219
nvbvdx BgvgM‡Yi gšÍe¨ .......................................................................221
Dcgnv‡`‡ki nvbvdx Av‡jg‡`i gšÍe¨ .................................................... 223
Rvwniæi †iIqv‡qZ: GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv ..................................................... 224
†ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb, Bb‡njvi, G‡ÛvmKwc I i³ †`qv-†bqv 228
†ivhvi msÁv .................................................................................... 228
†ivhv †f‡½ hvIqvi g~jbxwZ.................................................................. 229
cvK¯’jx I gw¯Í‡®‹i m¤úK© ................................................................... 229
‫ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬I ‫ ﻣﺴﻤﺔ‬-Gi cv_©K¨ ..................................................................... 231
Bb‡RKkb Ki‡j †ivhv f½ n‡e bv......................................................... 232
GKwU cÖkœ I Zvi Reve ....................................................................... 232
†ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡njvi e¨envi .............................................................. 233
Bb‡njvi e¨env‡ii ûKzg ..................................................................... 233
Wv³vix civgk© .................................................................................. 234
AcviM‡`i KiYxq ............................................................................. 234
†ivhv Ae¯’vq G‡ÛvmKwc ..................................................................... 235
G‡ÛvmKwc Ki‡j †ivhv f½ n‡e bv ........................................................ 235
†ivhv Ae¯’vq i³ †`qv-†bqv ................................................................. 235
i³ wb‡jI †ivhv fv‡½ bv..................................................................... 236
Aa¨vq: nR¡
e`jx nR¡: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 238
e`jx nR¡ ......................................................................................... 238
e`jx n‡R¡i AwmqZ ........................................................................... 239
e`jx n‡R¡ †Kgb e¨w³‡K cvVv‡bv DwPZ................................................... 240
e`jx n‡R¡ Bnivg .............................................................................. 244
e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g Ô`gÕ Av`vq 247
`kg wRjn‡R¡ nvRxM‡Yi Kvh©vejx .......................................................... 247
AvnKvg PZzô‡qi gv‡S ZviZx‡ei ûKzg ................................................... 247
e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g Ô`gÕ Av`vq ................................................................. 251
Aa¨vq: wbKvn I ZvjvK
msmv‡i ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ 254
ivm~j Gi ¯¿xM‡Yi msmv‡i Kg©ZrciZv ........................................... 254
gwnjv mvnvex‡`i msmv‡i Kg©ZrciZv ..................................................... 256
msmvi †MvQv‡bv weev‡ni D‡Ï‡k¨i AšÍf©y³ ............................................... 258
wdK&‡ni Av‡jv‡K............................................................................... 260
ZvjvK I wW‡fv‡m©i kiÔqx weavb 264
Bmjv‡g Zvjv‡Ki Ae¯’vb .................................................................... 264
Zvjv‡Ki AwaKvi Kvi I †Kb?.............................................................. 264
ZvjvKc~e© KiYxq I ZvjvK †`qvi c×wZ ................................................. 265
Zvjv‡Ki cÖKvi‡f` ............................................................................ 266
cwiYvg wn‡m‡e ZvjvK wZb cÖKvi .......................................................... 267
DwK‡ji gva¨‡g ZvjvK cÖ`vb ................................................................ 267
†cv÷KvW© I †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva¨‡g ZvjvK .................................................. 267
A¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq Zvjv‡Ki weavb ......................................................... 267
†Rvic~e©K ZvjvK cÖ`vb ....................................................................... 268
¯¿xi ZvjvK MÖnY cÖm½......................................................................... 269
†Lvjv Zvjv‡Ki wbqg .......................................................................... 269
Kvwebbvgvq ÔZvdex‡h ZvjvKÕ cÖm½ ....................................................... 269
cÖPwjZ Kvwebbvgvq ¯^v¶‡ii kiÔqx weavb ................................................ 271
†KvU© †_‡K ZvjvK MÖnY ....................................................................... 271
wW‡fvm© ........................................................................................... 272
Rb¥wbqš¿Y: kixÔAvZ Kx e‡j? 273
1. A¯’vqx e¨e¯’vi cwiPq ..................................................................... 273
Avhj: cwiPq I weavb ........................................................................ 273
Avhj wb‡la m¤^wjZ nv`xm I Zvi e¨vL¨v ................................................. 275
A¯’vqx e¨e¯’vi ûKzg ........................................................................... 276
Mf©cv‡Zi ûKzg ................................................................................. 277
2. ¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi cwiPq ................................................................. 278
¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi ûKzg ....................................................................... 278
Aa¨vq: µq-weµq
cÖPwjZ †kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 282
†kqv‡ii cwiPq ................................................................................. 282
÷K-G·‡PÄ (Stock Exchange) Gi cwiwPwZ ...................................... 282
†kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb ........................................................... 283
e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †kqvi µq-weµq .......................................................... 287
`i`vg Qvov µq-weµ‡qi weavb 289
`i`vg Qvov µq-weµ‡qi cÖPwjZ wKQz c×wZ ............................................ 289
kiÔqx ch©v‡jvPbv ............................................................................... 289
‫ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺮار‬Gi we‡kl wKQz m~iZ I Zvi ch©v‡jvPbv .................................... 290
g~j¨ AMÖxg cwi‡kv‡ai ûKzg .................................................................. 292
wKw¯Í‡Z µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 295
wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi wKQz g~jbxwZ............................................................. 296
wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi kixÔAvZ Aby‡gvw`Z cš’vmg~‡ni bgybv............................. 299
Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi kiÔqx weavb 305
Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi cwiwPwZ .................................................................. 305
Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi Kvh©µg ................................................................... 305
Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwbi kixÔAvZ wbwl× welqvejx ................................... 306
†mjvgxi weavb .................................................................................. 314
†mjvgxi msÁv I cÖKvi‡f`.................................................................. 314
Aa¨vq: Kzievbx I AvKxKv
gyiwM †Wªwms I hvwš¿K R‡e‡ni kiÔqx weavb 320
kixÔAvZm¤§Z R‡e‡ni wKQz kZ© ............................................................ 320
gyiwM R‡e‡ni AvaywbK c×wZ................................................................ 321
AvaywbK c×wZ‡Z gyiwM R‡e‡n wb‡gœv³ `~lYxq welqvejx we`¨gvb ................... 322
AvaywbK †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ cï R‡e‡ni RwUjZv wbimb ................................ 324
†Wªwms‡qi c×wZ I Zvi kiÔqx ûKzg ....................................................... 325
AvKxKv: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 327
AvKxKvi ûKzg .................................................................................. 327
AvKxKvi w`b .................................................................................... 328
KLb †_‡K mvZ w`‡bi wnmve ïiæ n‡e..................................................... 330
mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv †K Ki‡e? .................................................................. 331
hgR mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv KqwU cï Øviv Ki‡e? ............................................. 332
wnRov mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv KqwU cï w`‡q Ki‡e? .......................................... 332
AvKxKvi Dfq QvM‡ji eqm ................................................................. 332
AvKxKvi cï †Kgb n‡e ...................................................................... 333
¯^Zš¿fv‡e eo cï w`‡q AvKxKv Kivi ûKzg .............................................. 333
GKB cï‡Z Kzievbx I AvKxKv ............................................................. 334
Aa¨vq: wmqvi I wmqvmvZ
Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi iƒc‡iLv 336
†LjvdZ ev Bmjvgx iv‡óªi cwiPq .......................................................... 336
†Ljvd‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ........................................................... 337
ivRbxwZi msÁv ................................................................................ 338
Bmjv‡g ivRbxwZi Ae¯’vb ................................................................... 339
ivRbxwZ Kivi weavb .......................................................................... 341
eZ©gvb hy‡M †LjvdZ cÖwZôvi c×wZ ....................................................... 342
†fvU I Zvi kiÔqx `„wófw½ 346
†fvU cÖ`vb ....................................................................................... 349
†fvU µq-weµq ................................................................................ 350
gwnjv‡`i †fvU cÖ`vb .......................................................................... 350
Wej †fvU I Rvj †fvU cÖ`v‡bi ûKzg ..................................................... 351
†fvU †`qvi Dci A½xKvive× e¨w³i Km‡gi ûKzg ..................................... 351
kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z c` cÖv_©bv ................................................................ 352
miKvix AvBb: Avgv‡`i KiYxq 357
ivóªcÖavb‡K gvbvi ¸iæZ¡ ...................................................................... 357
miKv‡ii AvbyM‡Z¨i mxgv‡iLv .............................................................. 359
miKvix AvBb gvbvi iƒc‡iLv ................................................................ 362
Av‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjvi kiÔqx weavb 364
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Av‡Z¥vrmM© .............................................................. 365
nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Av‡Z¥vrmM© ................................................................ 367
Av‡Z¥vrmM© I dzKvnv‡q †Kivg ............................................................... 368
Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i kZ©mg~n ......................................................................... 370
GKwU mskq I Zvi wbimb ................................................................... 370
Aa¨vq: wewea
B‡jKwUªK c×wZ‡Z cÖvYx nZ¨vi weavb 374
B‡jKwUªK I Av¸b ............................................................................. 374
cÖvYx nZ¨vi c×wZ I weavb .................................................................. 374
Av¸‡b †cvov‡bvi ûKzg ....................................................................... 376
B‡jKwUªK c×wZ‡Z cÖvYx nZ¨v ............................................................... 379
gkv gvivi B‡jKwUªK e¨vU e¨envi .......................................................... 379
AvaywbK Acv‡ikb: mgm¨v I mgvavb ...................................................... 381
Acv‡ikb msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv ................................................................. 381
Acv‡ik‡bi c~e©vci wKQz j¶Yxq welq .................................................... 382
bv‡m©i †mev MÖn‡Yi ûKzg ..................................................................... 384
wmwi‡Ä i³ Avm‡j Ahyi ûKzg ............................................................... 384
Bb‡Wv‡qwjs K¨v‡_Uvi jvMv‡bv Ae¯’vq Ahy ............................................... 385
wmRv‡ii ûKzg ................................................................................... 386
wmRv‡ii gva¨‡g mšÍvb n‡j †bdv‡mi weavb .............................................. 387
e¨v‡ÛR I Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMxi cweÎZvi weavb 389
e¨v‡ÛR cÖm½ .................................................................................... 389
e¨v‡Û‡Ri cwiPq I cÖKvi .................................................................... 389
e¨v‡ÛR Ae¯’vq Ahy ............................................................................ 389
e¨v‡ÛR Ae¯’vq †Mvmj ........................................................................ 391
e¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡m‡ni c×wZ ............................................................. 392
gv‡mn KLb f½ n‡e? ......................................................................... 393
KwZ©Z A‡½i cweÎZv ......................................................................... 393
ms‡hvwRZ A‡½i Ahy ‡Mvm‡ji weavb ...................................................... 394
†PvL Acv‡ik‡bi ci Ahy †Mvm‡ji ûKzg ................................................. 394
wUwf †`Lvi kiÔqx weavb 397
K‡qKwU kiÔqx g~jbxwZ ....................................................................... 397
g~j welq m¤ú‡K© ch©v‡jvPbv ................................................................. 398
kiÔqx I Ava¨vwZ¥K ¶wZ ..................................................................... 399
wUwf †`Lvi Av‡iv wKQz ¶wZ .................................................................. 403
wUwf‡Z Bmjvgx †cÖvMÖvg cÖPvi ................................................................ 404
me©‡kl K_v ..................................................................................... 405
†cvkvK m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½ 406
ivm~j Gi †cvkv‡Ki weeiY ........................................................... 406
kixÔAvZ KZ©K „ †cvkvK msµvšÍ bxwZgvjv................................................. 406
mv`„k¨ I Zvi kiÔqx weavb ................................................................... 409
GKwU fyj aviYvi wbimb ...................................................................... 411
UvLbyi wb‡P Kvco Szjv‡bvB An¼v‡ii AvjvgZ ......................................... 412
nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh. Gi nv`xm I Zvi e¨vL¨v .......................................... 412
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi: Zvrch© I iƒc‡iLv 415
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii A_© I D‡Ïk¨ ............................. 415
KziAvb nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi ................. 415
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii Zvrch© ...................................... 417
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii ûKzg......................................... 418
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii iƒc‡iLv .................................... 419
wnKgvZ ........................................................................................... 420
gvIBhvn ......................................................................................... 420
DËg cš’vq ZK©-weZK© ........................................................................ 421
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii KwZcq bxwZgvjv ......................... 421
`vIqvZ djcÖm~ nIqvi Rb¨ wZbwU Avek¨Kxq kZ©...................................... 423
Dcmsnvi......................................................................................... 423
†gvevBj: Av`ve I gvmvBj 425
Avjvcbxi Av`emg~n .......................................................................... 425
gmwR‡` †gvevB‡ji e¨envi .................................................................. 427
I‡qjKvg wUD‡b Mv‡bi e¨envi ............................................................. 430
AcwiwPZ gwnjvi mv‡_ K_v ejv ............................................................ 431
K¨v‡givhy³ †gvevBj µq-weµq ............................................................. 431
Gqvi‡cvU© BZ¨vw` ¯’v‡b †gvevBj PvR© cÖm½ .............................................. 432
G‡ZKvd Ae¯’vq gmwR‡` †gvevB‡j K_v ejv............................................ 433
†gvevB‡j msiw¶Z KziAvb kixd Ahy Qvov ¯úk© Kiv .................................. 433
†gvevB‡j wmR`vi AvqvZ †kvbv ............................................................. 433
AbygwZ Qvov Kv‡iv K_v †iKW© Kiv......................................................... 434
wiPvR© fyj n‡j .................................................................................. 434
¯Œ¨vP Kv‡W©i µq-weµq ....................................................................... 434
†gvevBj µq-weµq I WvDb‡jvwWs......................................................... 435
Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui weavb 436
Gj‡Kvn‡ji cwiPq I cÖKvi‡f`............................................................ 436
Gj‡Kvn‡ji ˆewkó¨............................................................................ 436
Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui weavb ................................................... 437
`vwo I Py‡ji weavb 441
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K `vwo ...................................................................... 441
nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K `vwo ........................................................................ 442
BRgv‡q D¤§Z I `vwo gyÛv‡bv ............................................................... 443
`vwoi cwigvY ................................................................................... 445
cyiæ‡li Pz‡ji weavb ........................................................................... 446
nj‡Ki weavb ................................................................................... 447
gwnjv‡`i Pz‡ji weavb......................................................................... 448
KwZ©Z Pzj wewµi weavb ....................................................................... 449
gwnjv‡`i `vwo-‡Muv‡di weavb ............................................................... 449
 f~wgKv
wdKûb bvIqvwhj: wKQz †gŠwjK K_v
‫ﺑﺴﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ رب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ واﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪ اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء وأﺷﺮف اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﻴﻦ وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ وﻣﻦ‬
!‫ أﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬،‫ﺗﺒﻌﻬﻢ ﺑﺈﺣﺴﺎن ودﻋﺎ ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺗﻬﻢ إﻟﻰ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
KziAvb-mybœvn wbm„Z wewaweavb msµvšÍ mwVK eyS‡K wdK&n e‡j| wdKnB GKK gva¨g
KziAvb-mybœvn gyZv‡eK Avgj Kivi| bexRx Gi nv`xm, mvnvev ivwh. Gi Avgj
I mvjv‡di Kg©c×wZ G K_vi cÖgvY enb K‡i| ZvB KziAvb-mybœvn Abyhvqx Avgj
Ki‡Z n‡j wdK&n Acwinvh©| wdK&‡ni bvbvwea kvLv i‡q‡Q| hvi Ab¨Zg n‡jv
ÔwdK&ûb bvIqvwhjÕ (‫ |)ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬hv mvnvev hyM †_‡K AvR ch©šÍ gyRZvwn`, dKxn I
gydZx‡`i M‡elYvi Ab¨Zg gq`vb|
wdKûb bvIqvwhj (‫ )ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬Gi cwiPq I µgweKvk
‫( ﻧﻮازل‬bvIqvwhj) eûePb, GKeP‡b ‫( ﻧﺎزﻟﺔ‬bv‡hjv) A_©, AvKw¯§K NUbv| beNwUZ
†Kv‡bv welq| Aviex fvlvi we‡kølYag©x Awfavb I wdK&n msµvšÍ Awfavb Aa¨qb
Ki‡j †evSv hvq Ôbv‡hjvÕi A‡_© wbw`©ó cwiwa I mxgv‡iLv i‡q‡Q| †h †Kv‡bv NUbv‡K
Ôbv‡hjvÕ ejv nq bv| †Kv‡bv NUbv Ôbv‡hjvÕ n‡Z n‡j `yÕwU ¸Y _vK‡Z n‡e| K.
beNwUZ n‡Z n‡e| L. wbM~p I RwUj n‡Z n‡e| A_©vr Ôbv‡hjvÕ ejv nq Ggb NUbv‡K
hv beNwUZ I wbM~p|
‫ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬Gi cvwifvwlK A‡_©I G w`KwU mwe‡kl j¶Yxq| ZvB ÔbvIqvwhjÕ Gi
cvwifvwlK A_© n‡e beNwUZ, wbM~p I RwUj Ggb welq hv wPšÍv-M‡elYvjä kiÔqx
mgvav‡bi `vwe iv‡L| ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv, beNwUZ nIqvi A_©B n‡jv BwZc~‡e© Gi
mgvavb †`qv nqwb, bZzb BR‡Znv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb| Avi kiÔqx †Kv‡bv welq c~e©gxgvswmZ
bv n‡j RwUj nIqvUv wewPÎ bq|
Bgvg Beby Avwãj evi ivn. (Rb¥ 368 g„.463) ÔwdKûb-bvIqvwhjÕ (‫)ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬
m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi Av‡jvPbvi wk‡ivbvgUvB wdKûb bvIqvwhj
Gi cvwifvwlK cwiPq wn‡m‡e †ck Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wZwb e‡jb-
۳۱٧/۱ :‫ )ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن اﻟﻌﻠﻢ وﻓﻀﻠﻪ‬.‫اﺟﺘﻬﺎد اﻟﺮأي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺻﻮل ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺪم اﻟﻨﺼﻮص ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻧﺰول اﻟﻨﺎزﻟﺔ‬
(‫ دار اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻃـ‬
ÒbeNwUZ †Kv‡bv mgm¨vi †¶‡Î ÔbmÕ bv cvIqvq Dm~‡ji wfwˇZ BR‡Znv` Kiv|Ó
wdKûb-bvIqvwh‡ji GB A_© A‡bK e¨vcK| cvwifvwlK A_© Av‡iv GKUz ¸wQ‡q
Gfv‡e ejv hvq-
،‫ ﻃـ دار اﺑﻦ اﻟﺠﻮزي‬۲٦/۱ :‫ )ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﻮازل ﻟﻠﺠﻴﺰاﻧﻲ‬.‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺠﺪة اﻟﻤﻠﺤﺔ‬
 29
(‫ م‬۲۰۰٦ ‫ ﻫـ‬۱٤۲٧ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
ÒbeNwUZ †h mgm¨v¸‡jv kiÔqx mgvav‡bi `vex iv‡L, †m¸‡jvi kiÔqx ûKzg AvnKvg
Rvbv|Ó
wdK‡n nvbvdx‡Z ÔbvIqvwhjÕ (‫ )اﻟﻨﻮازل‬Gi cwiPq I cÖK…wZ wKQzUv wfbœ| A_©vr we‡kl
GK cÖKvi gvmvBj| wdK‡n nvbvdxi msKwjZ gvmvBj wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv nq| K.
‫ اﻷﺻﻮل‬L. ‫ اﻟﻨﻮادر‬M. ‫ |اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى واﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺎت‬Z…Zxq cÖKvi‡K ÔbvIqvwhjÕI (‫ )ﻧﻮازل‬ejv nq|
A_©vr Ggb wKQz gvmvBj hvi mgvavb Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn.
I Bgvg gynv¤§v` ivn. Gi †_‡K mivmwi cvIqv hvq bv| cieZ©x dKxnMY wdK‡n
nvbvdxi Dm~j I KvIqv‡q‡`i wfwˇZ BR‡Znv` K‡i mgvavb w`‡q‡Qb| dKxn Aveyj
jvBm mvgviKv›`x ivn. (g„.373) Gi ÔwKZveyb bvIqvwhjÕ Gi f~wgKvq bvIqvwh‡ji
cwiP‡qi Bw½Z i‡q‡Q| f~wgKvi GKvsk nvRx Ljxdv ivn. (Rb¥ 1017-g„.1067)
Gfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ‬... ‫أﻧﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼم ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺷﺠﺎع اﻟﺜﻠﺠﻲ وﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﺗﻞ اﻟﺮازي وﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻠﻤﺔ‬
(‫ )ﻋﻴﻮن اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬:‫ وﺻﻨﻔﺖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ أﻗﺎوﻳﻠﻬﻢ أﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‬:‫وﻓﻘﻮا اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ وﻗﻊ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻮازل ﻗﺎل‬
‫ ﻣﻦ أﻗﺎوﻳﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻳﺦ وﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻣﻦ أﻗﺎوﻳﻞ أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻻ‬: (‫ )اﻟﻨﻮازل‬... ‫ )اﻟﻨﻮازل( وأوردت ﻓﻲ‬: ‫واﻵﺧﺮ‬
(۱٩٨۱/۲ :‫ )ﻛﺸﻒ اﻟﻈﻨﻮن‬.‫رواﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻟﻴﺴﻬﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد‬
Ògynv¤§v` Be‡b ïRv AvQ-QvjRx, gynv¤§v` Be‡b gyKvwZj Avi-ivhx I gynv¤§v` Be‡b
mvjvgv cÖgy‡Li e³e¨ wZwb msKjb K‡i‡Qb| †Kbbv Zuviv beNwUZ mgm¨vejxi kiÔqx
mgvavb wPšÍv-M‡elYv K‡i †ei Kivi ZvIdxK †c‡q‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb, Bgvg‡`i
e³‡e¨i `yÕwU msKjb Avwg cÖ¯Z ‘ K‡iwQ| GKwUi bvg ÔDq~byj gvmvBjÕ, AciwU n‡jv
ÔbvIqvwhjÕ| Avwg bvIqvwh‡j mwbœ‡ewkZ K‡iwQ gvkvBL‡`i e³e¨ Ges Avgv‡`i
Bgvg‡`i Ggb wKQz e³e¨, hvi eY©bv wKZv‡e Zuv‡`i †_‡K cvIqv hvq bv| hv‡Z
bvIqvwh‡ji beNwUZ mgm¨vi Dci hviv wPšÍv-M‡elYv Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡`i Rb¨
BR‡Znv‡`i c_ myMg nq|Ó
dKxn Aveyj jvBQ mvgviKv›`x ivn. ÔbvIqvwhjÕ e‡j g~jZ cieZ©x Bgvg I dKxn‡`i
e³e¨ I dvZvIqv eywS‡q‡Qb| Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. (Rb¥ 1198-
g„.1252) Gi we¯ÍvwiZ cwiPq Gfv‡e Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb-
‫ﻫﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﺳﺘﻨﺒﻄﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪون اﻟﻤﺘﺄﺧﺮون ﻟﻤﺎ ﺳﺌﻠﻮا ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺪوا ﻓﻴﻬﺎ رواﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬
(‫ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺷﻴﺦ اﻹﺳﻼم‬٨۲ :‫ )ﺷﺮح ﻋﻘﻮد رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻲ ﻻﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬
ÒZv Ggb wKQz gvmAvjv hv B‡¯Í¤^vZ K‡i †ei K‡i‡Qb cieZ©x hy‡Mi (gyZvAvLwLixb)
gyRZvwn`MY, hLb G¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i‡K wR‡Ám Kiv n‡q‡Q Avi Zviv gvhnv‡ei
cÖ_g mvwii (gyZvKvwÏgxb) Bgvg‡`i †_‡K Gi mgvavbg~jK †Kv‡bv e³e¨ cvbwb|Ó
eZ©gvb hy‡MI †h me gvmAvjvi mivmwi mgvavb c~‡e©i Bgvg‡`i †_‡K cvIqv hvq bv,
 30
mgvav‡bi R‡b¨ BR‡Znv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb nq, ZvI ÔbvIqvwhjÕi AšÍf©y³| G
gvmAvjv¸‡jv wdK‡ni †h †Kv‡bv Aa¨v‡qi n‡Z cv‡i| Bev`Z, gyAvgvjvZ ev Ab¨
†Kv‡bv Aa¨vq| G¸‡jv we‡kl †Kv‡bv Aa¨v‡q mxgve× bq| Z‡e Ae¯’vi wePv‡i ejv
hvq, †jb‡`b Aa¨v‡q ÔbvIqvwhjÕi AvwaK¨ i‡q‡Q| Avi BR‡Znv` I M‡elYv K‡i
Gi kiÔqx mgvavb Rvbv ev w¯’i Kivi bvgB ‫|ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬
c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, ÔwdKûb-bvIqvwhjÕ †Kv‡bv hy‡Mi
mv‡_ mxgve× bq| eis GwU GKwU Pjgvb cÖwµqv| mvnvev hyM †_‡K cÖwZwU hy‡M hv
wQ‡jv, GLbI Av‡Q| dKxn mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi wbKU mgKvjxb wewfbœ mgm¨v Dc¯’vcb
Kiv n‡Zv| Zuviv mgvavb w`‡Zb| Bebyj KvBwqg ivn. (Rb¥ 691-g„. 751) e‡jb-
‫ وﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮون‬،‫ وﻳﻘﻴﺴﻮن ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ‬،‫وﻗﺪ ﻛﺎن أﺻﺤﺎب رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﺠﺘﻬﺪون ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬
(‫ ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻋﺼﺎم اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﺼﺒﺎﺑﻄﻲ‬،‫ دار اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮة‬۱٦۳/۱ :‫ )إﻋﻼم اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻌﻴﻦ‬.‫اﻟﻨﻈﻴﺮ ﺑﻨﻈﻴﺮﻩ‬
ÒAvi ivm~jyjøvn Gi mvnvexMY bvIqvwh‡ji (beNwUZ mgm¨vejx) †¶‡Î
BR‡Znv` Ki‡Zb| GK ûKzg‡K Av‡iK ûKz‡gi Dci wKqvm Ki‡Zb| Ges GK
gvmAvjv‡K Zvi mg‡kªYxi gvmAvjvi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡Zb|Ó
dKxn mvnvev‡q †Kivg Ges Zv‡eCb‡`i mgvavb I dvZvIqv ÔgymvbœvdÕ, Ôgymbv`Õ I
ÔmybvbÕ wk‡ivbv‡gi wKZv‡e msKwjZ n‡q‡Q| Avi Zv Zuv‡`i hvgvbvq ÔwdK&ûb
bvIqvwhjÕ (‫_ )ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬vK‡jI cieZ©x ‫ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻟﻤﺘﻮارث‬Gi iƒc wb‡q‡Q| GQvov cieZ©x
Bgvg‡`i ÔbvIqvwhjÕ msµvšÍ dvZvIqvI msKwjZ n‡q‡Q wbR wKZv‡e ev kvMwi`‡`i
wKZv‡e|
wdK‡n nvbvdx‡Z wØZxq A‡_© bvIqvwh‡ji me©cÖ_g msKjb dKxn Aveyj jvBQ
mvgviKvw›` ivn. Gi msKwjZ ‫ |ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻨﻮازل‬Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. (Rb¥ 1198-g„.1252)
e‡jb-
‫ ﺛﻢ ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻳﺦ‬،‫وأول ﻛﺘﺎب ﺟﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﻮاﻫﻢ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻠﻐﻨﺎ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻨﻮازل ﻟﻠﻔﻘﻴﻪ أﺑﻲ اﻟﻠﻴﺚ اﻟﺴﻤﺮﻗﻨﺪي‬
(٨٦ :‫ )ﺷﺮح ﻋﻘﻮد رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻲ‬.‫ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻛﺘﺒﺎ أﺧﺮ‬
ÒAvgv‡`i Rvbvg‡Z Bgvg‡`i dvZvIqvi cÖ_g msKjb n‡jv dKxn Aveyj jvBQ
mvgviKv›`x ivn. Gi wKZveyb bvIqvwhj| Zvici wewfbœ Bgvg Ggb Av‡iv msKjb
ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb|Ó
Øxwb `vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e dKxnMY hyM hyM a‡i mgKvjxb mgm¨vw`i Abycg mgvavb w`‡q
Avm‡Qb| Gi avivevwnKZv GL‡bv we`¨gvb| Zuv‡`i mgvavb m¤^wjZ Av‡jvPbv I
M‡elYvi mviwbh©vm wewfbœ wKZv‡e mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q Ges n‡”Q|
‫ ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﻮازل‬: wKQz bxwZgvjv
GK.
wdKûb-bvIqvwhj BR‡Znv‡`i GKwU Ask| BR‡Znv‡`i Rb¨ †h mKj g~jbxwZ I
 31
wbqgKvbyb i‡q‡Q Zv GLv‡bI cÖ‡hvR¨| ZvB ÔbvIqvwhjÕi mgvavb Dm~jyj wdKwn
Iqvj BR‡Znv` (‫ )أﺻﻮل اﻟﻔﻘﻪ واﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد‬Gi wfwˇZ n‡e| Avi ‫ أﺻﻮل اﻟﻔﻘﻪ واﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد‬Gi
Av‡jvPbv mswkøó wKZv‡e Av‡Q| ZvB GLv‡b bZzb K‡i D‡jøL Kivi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
Av‡jvP¨welqwU mnR KiYv‡_© mvnvev‡q †Kivg I cieZ©x Bgvg‡`i bvIqvwh‡ji †¶‡Î
Kg©c×wZ m¤ú‡K© wKQz Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
mvnvev‡q †Kivg BR‡Znv` K‡i‡Qb| bv‡hjvi mgvavb w`‡q‡Qb| Zviv me©ve¯’vq
`jx‡ji AbymiY K‡i‡Qb Ges Dm~j I Kvby‡bi AvIZvq †_‡K‡Qb| hw`I me Dm~j
(wKQz wKQz Dm~j BR‡Znv`x nIqvq) mevi Rb¨ gvbv Avek¨K wQ‡jv bv| Avi Zv m¤¢eI
bq| Z‡e ¯^Ztwm× Dm~j mevB †g‡b Pj‡Zb| †gvUK_v mvnvev hy‡M BR‡Znv` wQ‡jv,
Dm~jI wQ‡jv| hvi cÖgvY Zuv‡`i BR‡Znv` welqK w`K-wb‡`©kbv †_‡K mn‡RB
Aby‡gq| myZivs G K_v ejvi my‡hvM †bB, Dm~jyj BR‡Znv` ev Dm~jyj wdKn cieZ©x
dKxn‡`i Avwe®‹vi| nu¨v, msKjb I mg„w× jvf K‡i‡Q cieZ©x dKxn‡`i nv‡Z|
mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi dvZvIqv I Zuv‡`i BR‡Znv` welqK Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †evSv hvq
†h, Zuviv bv‡hjvi mgvav‡bi †¶‡Î mivmwi KziAvb-mybœvn †_‡K BR‡Znv` Kivi
cvkvcvwk wb‡gœi Dm~j I c×wZ AbymiY Ki‡Zb|
K. ‫اﻟﺘﺨﺮ ﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
L. ‫اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺎزﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ أو ﻓﺘﻮى ﺻﺤﺎﺑﻲ‬
M. ‫اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺻﻞ ﺷﺮﻋﻲ‬
mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi BR‡Znv‡`i †¶‡Î GB bxwZgvjv Abymi‡Yi Av‡jvPbv wewfbœ
eY©bvq G‡m‡Q| we‡kl K‡i dKxn mvnvex‡`i BR‡Znv`x Kg©c×wZ I w`K-
wb‡`©kbvg~jK eY©bvq| hv ‫ أﺻﻮل اﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬،‫ أدب اﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬،‫ أﺻﻮل اﻹﻓﺘﺎء‬Gi gy`vjøvj wKZv‡e Ges
ÔmybvbÕ I Ôgvmvbx‡`Õi wKZv‡e D‡jøwLZ n‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ bgybv wn‡m‡e wKQz †ck Kiv
n‡jv|
ïivBn ivn. nhiZ Igi ivwh. Gi g‡bvbxZ Kzdvi Kvhx wQ‡jb| ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB wePvi
wefvM RwUj I ¯úk©KvZi| gvby‡li ˆ`bw›`b wewfbœ RwUjZv I mgm¨v Dc¯’vwcZ nq
Kvhxi `iev‡i| Kvhx‡K Gi mgvavb w`‡Z nq| nhiZ Igi ivwh. Zuv‡K wKQz †gŠwjK
bxwZgvjv wj‡L cvVvb|
،‫ ﻓﺎﻗﺾ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺳﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن أﺗﺎك ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫إذا أﺗﺎك أﻣﺮ ﻓﺎﻗﺾ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ وإن أﺗﺎك ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻗﺾ ﺑﻤﺎ اﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﺎس‬،
‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ﻓﺈن أﺗﺎك ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب‬
‫ ]أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺪارﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ‬.‫ ﻓﺄي اﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﺌﺖ ﻓﺨﺬ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ أﺣﺪ‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻨﻪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ‬
[‫( )ﺑﺎب اﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎ وﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺪة( ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺟﻴﺪ‬١٦٩) «‫»ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬
Òhw` †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv mgm¨v DÌvwcZ nq, Zvn‡j KziAvb Abyhvqx Zvi dvqmvjv
Ki‡e| hw` KziAv‡b Gi †Kv‡bv mgvavb bv cvI, Zvn‡j ivm~j Gi mybœvn Abyhvqx
 32
dvqmvjv Ki‡e| hw` †m mgm¨vi mgvavb KziAvb ev ivm~‡ji mybœvn †Kv_vI bv cvI,
Zvn‡j D¤§‡Zi BRgv Abyhvqx dvqmvjv Ki‡e| Avi hw` KziAvb, mybœvn I BRgv
†Kv_vI †Kv‡bv mgvavb bv cvI, Zvn‡j BR‡Znv` Ki‡Z cv‡iv ev weiZ _vK‡Z cv‡iv|
nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. dKxn mvnvex‡`i Ab¨Zg| A‡bK mvnvex Zuvi
weP¶YZv I myeyw×i ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb BR‡Znv` Ki‡Zb| wewfbœ mgm¨vi
mgvavb w`‡Zb| BR‡Znv‡`i †¶‡Î wZwb Kx bxwZgvjv AbymiY Ki‡Zb Zv GK eY©bvq
Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| GKRb dKxni wbKU †Kv‡bv bZzb mgm¨v Dc¯’vwcZ n‡j Zvi
Kg©aviv Kx nIqv DwPZ G wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi GK ch©v‡q wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن أﺗﺎﻩ أﻣﺮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺾ‬، ‫ﻓﺈن أﺗﺎﻩ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ
ﻓﻠﻴﻘﺾ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺑﻪ اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻮن‬
‫ )أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬.‫ ﻓﻠﻴﺠﺘﻬﺪ رأﻳﻪ‬،
‫ﺑﻪ اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻮن وﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺾ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ‬-٥٩٠٩ ،‫ ﺟﻴﺪ‬،‫ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺟﻴﺪ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى« ﺑﺎب اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻤﺎ اﺗﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
(‫اﻷرﻧﺎؤوط‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv dKxni Kv‡Q Ggb †Kv‡bv mgm¨v Av‡m hvi cwi®‹vi mgvavb KziAv‡b
†bB, ivm~j I Gi †Kv‡bv mywbw`©ó mgvavb e‡j hvbwb, Zvn‡j D¤§vni Øxb`vi
dKxnMY †h cwi®‹vi dvqmvjv K‡i †M‡Qb †m Abyhvqx dvqmvjv Ki‡e| Avi hw`
mgm¨vUv Ggb nq hvi dvqmvjv KziAv‡b †bB, ivm~j I G e¨vcv‡i wKQz e‡j
hvbwb Ges D¤§vni †bKKvi‡`i †Kv‡bv mgvavbI cvIqv hvq bv Zvn‡j †m †hb
BR‡Znv` K‡i|Ó
nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. dKxn mvnvex, wZwbI BR‡Znv` Ki‡Zb| Zuuvi BR‡Znv‡`i
bxwZgvjv GK eY©bvq D‡jøL n‡q‡Q-
‫ وإﻻ‬، ‫ وﻗﺎﻟﻪ أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ أو ﻋﻤﺮ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺑﻪ‬،
‫ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻠﻪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
(۳۲۰‫( ﺻـ‬٩۱۱) ‫اﺟﺘﻬﺪ رأﻳﻪ )رواﻩ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن اﻟﻌﻠﻢ وﻓﻀﻠﻪ‬
Ò‡Kvb mgm¨vi mgvavb hw` KziAv‡b ev ivm~j Gi mybœvnq bv †c‡Zb, wKš‘ nhiZ
Avey eKi ivwh. ev nhiZ Igi ivwh. Gi e³‡e¨ †c‡Zb Zvn‡j ZvB MÖnY Ki‡Zb|
Avi †Kv_vI bv †c‡j BR‡Znv` Ki‡Zb|Ó
`yB.
mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi BR‡Znv‡`i †gŠwjK Kg©aviv I bxwZgvjvi wKQz bgybv Avgiv
†`Ljvg| Zuviv wb‡Riv BR‡Znv` Ki‡Z G¸‡jvi AbymiY Ki‡Zb| Ab¨‡`i‡K GB
aviv Abymi‡Yi ZvKx` w`‡Zb| GQvov A‡bK dKxn mvnvex BR‡Znv‡`i we‡kl
c×wZi ZvjxgI w`‡q‡Qb| †hgb nhiZ Igi ivwh. mgKvjxb mgm¨vi mgvavb
KziAvb-mybœvnq bv †c‡j ‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺷﺒﺎﻩ واﻟﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮ‬Gi wfwˇZ mgvavb †ei Kivi Zvjxg
w`‡q‡Qb| Gi bgybv ivm~j Gi nv`x‡mI we`¨gvb| Bgvg bvmvqx ivn. G wel‡q
Zuvi ÔAvm mybvbyj KzeivÕ MÖ‡š’ ¯^Zš¿ Aa¨vq wj‡L‡Qb (‫ |)ﺑﺎب ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ واﻟﺘﺸﺒﻴﻪ‬nhiZ
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Igi ivwh. Avey g~mv AvkAvix ivwh. †K Kvhv I wePvi welqK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz †gŠwjK
bxwZgvjv wj‡L cvVvb| hvi gv‡S wZwb e‡jb-
،‫ ﺛﻢ اﻋﺮف اﻷﺷﺒﺎﻩ واﻷﻣﺜﺎل‬.
‫ وﻻ ﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬،‫اﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻠﺠﻠﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺪرك ﻣﻤﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻔﻬﻢ‬
َ
:‫ )اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم‬.‫ وأﺷﺒﻬﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻖ‬،‫ واﻋﻤﺪ إﻟﻰ أﺣﺒﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ‬.‫ﻓﻘﺲ اﻷﻣﻮر ﻋﻨﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ دار اﻟﻘﻠﻢ دﻣﺸﻖ( ]وﻗﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻬﺮة واﻟﻔﻘﻪ واﻷدب واﻟﺘﺎرﻳﺦ‬.‫ ط‬٨۰/۱
‫ اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻔﺘﺎح أﺑﻮ ﻏﺪة رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﻮر ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﺔ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ أﺻﻮل‬،‫واﻟﺴﻴﺮ‬
‫ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻟﺜﺒﻮت ﻛﺘﺎب ﻋﻤﺮ إﻟﻰ أﺑﻲ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ اﻷﺷﻌﺮي ﻓﻲ ﺷﺄن‬:‫ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان‬۱٤۰۲ ‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﺳﻨﺔ‬
[۳۰٨-۲٩٩ ‫ ص‬.‫ وﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎس‬،‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬
ÒKziAv‡b ev ivm~j Gi mybœvnq cwi®‹vi †bB Ggb welq m¤ú‡K© AšÍ‡i hv D`q
nq Zv Lye fv‡jv K‡i †evS! Lye fv‡jv K‡i †evS!! A_©vr cÖ_‡g Avkevn I AvgQvj
fv‡jv K‡i †R‡b †b‡e| Gici G‡KKUv welq Zvi bhx‡ii mv‡_ wKqvm Ki‡e| Gi
ga¨ †_‡K Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Kv‡Q me‡P‡q wcÖq I n‡Ki m‡½ †hUv †ewk m½wZc~Y© Zv
MÖnY Ki‡e|Ó
‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺷﺒﺎﻩ واﻟﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮ‬c×wZwUi wdKûb bvIqvwh‡ji †¶‡Î we‡kl f~wgKv i‡q‡Q|
dKxn mvnvexMY bv‡hjvi mgvavb Ki‡Z G c×wZ e¨envi Ki‡Zb| hvi cÖgvY †g‡j
Bebyj KvBwqg ivn. (Rb¥ 691-g„.751) Gi e³e¨ †_‡K-
،‫ وردوا ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻓﻲ أﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬،‫ وﺷﺒﻬﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﺄﻣﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻓﺎﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﺜﻠﻮا اﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﺑﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮﻫﺎ‬
(۱٧۳/۱ :‫ )إﻋﻼم اﻟﻤﻮﻗﻌﻴﻦ‬.‫ وﺑﻴﻨﻮا ﻟﻬﻢ ﺳﺒﻴﻠﻪ‬،‫ وﻧﻬﺠﻮا ﻟﻬﻢ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ‬،‫وﻓﺘﺤﻮا ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺑﺎب اﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد‬
Òmvnvev‡q †Kivg beNwUZ mgm¨vejx‡K Abyiƒc gvmAvjvi m‡½ wgjv‡Zb, mg‡kÖYxi
gvmAvjv¸‡jvi GKwU‡K AciwUi m‡½ Zzjbv Ki‡Zb Ges GKUvi ûKzg Ab¨Uvq
Av‡ivc Ki‡Zb| Gfv‡e Zviv Djvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi Rb¨ BR‡Znv‡`i Øvi Db¥y³
K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i‡K BR‡Znv‡`i c_ †`wL‡q‡Qb Ges G c_‡K Zv‡`i Rb¨ cwi®‹vi
K‡i †M‡Qb|Ó
wZb.
Zv‡eCb‡`i ïiæ I ga¨ hy‡MI G aviv Ae¨vnZ wQj| cieZ©x‡Z (Ab¨ Bgvg‡`i gZ)
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. KziAvb-mybœvn I mvnvev, Zv‡eC‡bi Avgj I dvZvIqv Aa¨vqb
I wbix¶Y K‡i wKQz Dm~j ev g~jbxwZ w¯’i K‡ib, †h¸‡jv ev¯Íe A‡_© KziAvb-mybœvn,
mvnvev Zv‡eC‡bi Kg©avivi mviwbh©vm| A_©vr cÖ‡Z¨KwU Dm~‡ji `jxj mgwóMZfv‡e
KziAvb-mybœvnmn mvnvev Zv‡eC‡bi Avgj I dvZvIqv| Avi ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv
†h, GKUv ÔAvm‡jiÕ c‡¶ GKUv `jxj _vKv Avi Ab¨ GKwU ÔAvm‡jiÕ c‡¶
mgwóMZfv‡e KziAvb-mybœvn _vKv `yÕ‡Uv GK bq| eis wØZxqwU me©¸‡Y cÖ_gwUi †P‡q
AMªMY¨| Avjøvgv hv‡n` KvImvix ivn. (g„.1371) e‡jb-
‫ إﻟﻰ أن أرﺟﻌﻮا‬،‫ واﻟﺴﻨﺔ وأﻗﻀﻴﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫أن ﻫﺆﻻء اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻐﻮا ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎء ﻣﻮارد اﻟﻨﺼﻮص ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬
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.‫ وﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﺗﻨﺪرج ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮ ﺗﺤﺘﻬﺎ‬،‫ واﻟﻤﺘﻠﻘﺎة ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺒﻮل إﻟﻰ أﺻﻞ ﺗﺘﻔﺮع ﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﻪ‬،‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮص ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ )ﻓﻘﻪ أﻫﻞ‬.‫ ﻓﺎﺟﺘﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ أﺻﻮل‬،‫ إﻟﻰ أن أﺗﻤﻮا اﻟﻔﺤﺺ واﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮاء‬،‫وﻫﻜﺬا ﻓﻌﻠﻮا ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮ اﻷﺧﺮى‬
(‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺐ اﻟﺮاﻳﺔ ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﺔ ﺣﻔﻈﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬،٤٦ :‫اﻟﻌﺮاق وﺣﺪﻳﺜﻬﻢ‬
ÒwdK‡n nvbvdxi BgvgMY KziAvb, mybœvn I mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi dvqmvjvmg~‡ni
cwic~Y© AbymÜvb Pvwj‡q gvbm~m AvjvBwn I me©Rb M„nxZ bhxi¸‡jv Ggb GK
g~jbxwZi Aaxb K‡i‡Qb, †h g~jbxwZ †_‡K G mg‡kÖYxi kvLv gvmvBj †ei nq Ges
Ggb GK Kvq`vi m‡½ wgwj‡q‡Qb †h Kvq`vi Aax‡b †mB bhxi¸‡jv `v‡Lj n‡q hvq|
Gfv‡eB Zuviv Av‡iv wewfbœ bhx‡ii we‡kølY hvPvB-evQvB K‡i AbymÜvb I hvm-ciZvj
cwic~Y© K‡i‡Qb| Gfv‡e Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Dm~j (g~jbxwZ) w¯’i nq|Ó
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. BR‡Znv` Ki‡Zb KziAvb-mybœvn I Zv Øviv mgw_©Z Dm~‡ji
Av‡jv‡K| wbR kvMwi`‡`i‡KI Gi Av‡jv‡K BR‡Znv` Kivi †hvM¨ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z
_v‡Kb| Gfv‡e wdK‡n nvbvdx GKwU gvKZvev‡q wdK‡ii iƒc jvf K‡i|
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. GKKfv‡e BR‡Znv` bv K‡i ïiv c×wZ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb|
gyRZvwn` kvMwi`‡`i mgš^‡q gvmAvjvi M‡elYv, wPšÍv wdwKi I Av‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbv
Pj‡Zv| GK ch©v‡q hLb wbwðZ n‡Zb †h, GB wm×všÍwU mwVK, KziAvb-mybœvnm¤§Z
Ges Ab¨iv G‡Z GKgZ n‡Zb, ZLb Zv wjwce× Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡Zb|
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﻀﺮ ﻋﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬،‫ ﻛﺎن أﺻﺤﺎب أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻳﺨﻮﺿﻮن ﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬:‫ﻋﻦ إﺳﺤﺎق ﺑﻦ إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ ﻗﺎل‬
،‫ أﺛﺒﺘﻮﻫﺎ‬:‫ ﻓﺈذا ﺣﻀﺮ وواﻓﻘﻬﻢ ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﺮﻓﻌﻮا اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺤﻀﺮ ﻋﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬:‫ﺑﻦ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫ )اﻟﺴﻨﺔ وﻣﻜﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮر ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ‬.‫ ﻻ ﺗﺜﺒﺘﻮﻫﺎ‬:‫وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻮاﻓﻘﻬﻢ ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
(‫ وﻳﺮاﺟﻊ أﺧﺒﺎر أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻴﻤﺮي‬،‫ دار اﻟﻮراق ﺑﻴﺮوت‬.‫ ط‬۳٨٩ :‫اﻟﺴﺒﺎﻋﻲ‬
ÒBmnvK Be‡b Beivnxg ivn. e‡jb, ÔBgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi QvÎiv Zuvi m‡½
G‡KKwU gvmAvjvq Mfxi wPšÍv-M‡elYv Ki‡Zb| Z‡e hLb Bgvg Avwdqv Be‡b
Bqvwh` gRwj‡m Dcw¯’Z bv _vK‡Zb, ZLb Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. ej‡Zb, gvmAvjv
P~ovšÍ K‡iv bv hZ¶Y bv Avwdqv Dcw¯’Z nq| AZtci hLb Avwdqv Dcw¯’Z n‡Zb
Ges †m wel‡q mngZ †cvlY Ki‡Zb ZLb Avey nvbxdv ivn. ej‡Zb, wm×všÍwU
wjwce× K‡i ivL| Avi hw` wZwb mngZ †cvlY bv Ki‡Zb ZLb ej‡Zb, GwU wj‡Lv
bv|Ó
†h‡nZz H wm×všÍ I dvZvIqv †hŠ_ M‡elYvi gva¨‡g w¯’i n‡Zv Ges KziAvb-
mybœvnm¤§Z nIqvUvI cwi®‹vi wQ‡jv, ZvB cieZ©x wdK‡n nvbvdxi AbyMvgx dKxnMY
bv‡hjvi mgvav‡bi †¶‡Î Zv dvZvIqvi Drm wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b Zvi
Dc‡i ZvLixR K‡i mgKvjxb mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡Z _v‡Kb| G‡¶‡Î Zuviv ‫ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ‬
‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ واﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬Gi c~Y© AbymiY Ki‡Zb|
GKRb mvnvex Av‡iKRb mvnvexi dvZIqvi Dci ZvLixR K‡i mgvavb w`‡Zb|
 35
KviY mvnvexi dvZIqv `jxj wbf©i n‡e GUvB ¯^vfvweK, ZvB GB dvZIqvi Dci
wfwË K‡i Ab¨ Av‡iKwU mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡Zb| †Zgwb gvhnv‡ei BgvgM‡Yi wm×všÍ
I dvZvIqv `jxj wbf©i nIqvq gvhnv‡ei Abymvix dKxnMY Zuv‡`i wm×všÍ I
dvZvIqvi Dci ZvLixR K‡i mgKvjxb mgm¨vi mgvavb w`‡q‡Qb| cÖ‡qvR‡b
BR‡Znv` K‡i‡Qb KziAvb-mybœvn mgw_©Z wdK‡n nvbvdxi Dm~‡ji Av‡jv‡K| Z‡e
‫اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬-B wQj bv‡hjvi mgvavb D™¢veb Kivi Ab¨Zg gva¨g| GgbwK Avgv‡`i
Bgvg‡`i dvZvIqv †_‡K gvmAvjvi ZvLixR Ki‡Z Dm~jyj wdK‡ni kãMZ
Av‡jvPbvI (‫ )ﺑﺤﺚ دﻻﻻت اﻷﻟﻔﺎظ‬Zviv Kv‡R jvwM‡q‡Qb| hvi cÖgvY †g‡j Bgvg‡`i
gyZzb wk‡ivbv‡g wKZv‡ei e¨vL¨vMÖš’ †_‡K|
Pvi.
Gfv‡e wdK‡n nvbvdx‡Z wdKûb bvIqvwh‡ji hvÎv ïiæ nq Ges c~‡e©i avivi mv‡_
Av‡iv wKQz Dcaviv hy³ nq| wdK‡n nvbvdxi cieZ©x Bgvg‡`i bv‡hjvi mgvav‡bi
cÖKvi I c×wZ m¤ú‡K© gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx nvwdhvûgyjøvn e‡jb-
‫وﺑﻤﺎ أن اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى واﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺎت ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬
.‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن واﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺻﻞ اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ‬.‫أ‬
.‫ وﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺠﺎ أو ﻗﻴﺎﺳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺼﻮا ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬.‫ب‬
(۱٤٧ :‫ )أﺻﻮل اﻹﻓﺘﺎء وآداﺑﻪ‬.‫ وﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤﺎ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ اﻷﻗﻮال اﻟﻤﺮوﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ‬.‫ج‬
ÒdvZvIqv I beNwUZ welq¸‡jv Ggb wKQz gvmAvjv, †h¸‡jvi e¨vcv‡i gvhnv‡ei g~j
Bgvg‡`i †Kv‡bv e³e¨ †bB| ZvB †mB bZzb welq¸‡jvi mgvavb wewfbœfv‡e Kiv n‡q
_v‡K-
1. nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei ÔAvmjÕ I g~jbxwZ †g‡b KziAvb-mybœvn †_‡K bZzbfv‡e BmwZ¤^vZ
Kiv|
2. Bgvg‡`i †_‡K ¯úófv‡e ewY©Z gvmAvjvi Dci wKqvm ev ZvLixR K‡i mgvavb
Kiv|
3. Zuv‡`i †_‡K ewY©Z GKvwaK e³‡e¨i †Kv‡bv GKwU‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q mgvav‡b
†cuŠQv|Ó
Gfv‡e mgvavb w`‡Z wM‡q dKxnMY †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq Bgv‡gi gZ‡KI †Q‡o
w`‡q‡Qb| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. (1198wn.-1252wn.) e‡j‡Qb-
:‫ )ﺷﺮح ﻋﻘﻮد رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻲ‬.‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻔﻖ ﻟﻬﻢ أن ﻳﺨﺎﻟﻔﻮا أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ ﻟﺪﻻﺋﻞ وأﺳﺒﺎب ﻇﻬﺮت ﻟﻬﻢ‬
(٨٦
ÒKL‡bv KL‡bv Zviv gvhnv‡ei Bgvg‡`i m‡½I BL‡Zjvd K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i Kv‡Q
cÖKvwkZ `jxj I mvev‡ei (KviY) wfwˇZ|Ó
cuvP.
 36
ˆ`bw›`b bZzb bZzb NUbv mvg‡b Avm‡Q| cyi‡bv gvmvBj I bZzb iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i‡Q|
hvi kiÔqx mgvavb w¯’i Kiv GKRb †hvM¨ dKxni Øxwb `vwqZ¡| Avjøvgv Avãyj Kvixg
Avk&kvniv¯Ívbx ivn. (Rb¥ 469-g„.548) e‡jb-
،‫وﺑﺎﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ وﻳﻘﻴﻨﺎ أن اﻟﺤﻮادث واﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات واﻟﺘﺼﺮﻓﺎت ﻣﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﺤﺼﺮ واﻟﻌﺪ‬
‫ واﻟﻨﺼﻮص إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ واﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺘﺼﻮر ذﻟﻚ أﻳﻀﺎ‬،‫وﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ أﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺮد ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ ﻧﺺ‬
‫ ﺣﺘﻰ‬،‫ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ أن اﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد واﻟﻘﻴﺎس واﺟﺐ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬،‫ وﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻫﻰ ﻻ ﻳﻀﺒﻄﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻨﺎﻫﻰ‬،‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬
(‫ اﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮة‬،‫ ﻣﻄﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺻﺒﻴﺢ‬.‫ ط‬۱٩٩/۱ :‫ )اﻟﻤﻠﻞ واﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬.‫ﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﺼﺪد ﻛﻞ ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ اﺟﺘﻬﺎد‬
Ò‡gvUK_v Avgiv wbwðZ I AKvU¨fv‡e Rvwb †h, bZzb bZzb mgm¨v cÖwZwbqZ NU‡ZB
_vK‡e| hvi †Kv‡bv mxgv †bB Ges GUvI Avgiv wbwðZfv‡e Rvwb †h, cÖwZwU bZzb
NUbv mgvav‡bi Rb¨ kixÔAv‡Zi ¯úó wb‡`©kbv †bB| Avi GUv Kíbv KivI hvq bv|
kixÔAv‡Zi ÔbmÕ hLb mxwgZ Ges mgm¨v Amxg Avi mmx‡gi gv‡S Amx‡gi wbqš¿Y
Kiv m¤¢e bq, ZLb GUv AKvU¨fv‡e cÖgvwYZ n‡jv †h, BR‡Znv` I wKqvm Avek¨K|
GgbwK cÖwZwU bZzb NUbvq BR‡Znv` Ki‡Z nq|Ó
hw` eZ©gv‡b †Kv‡bv bv‡hjv mvg‡b Av‡m, ZLb GKRb †hvM¨ gydZxi Kx c`‡¶c MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv ‫ آداب اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ وأﺻﻮل اﻹﻓﺘﺎء‬welqK wKZv‡e i‡q‡Q|
wb‡gœ mvims‡¶c Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-
K. me©vZ¥K †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e, G wel‡q gvhnv‡ei Bgvg‡`i †_‡K †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv
ÔbmÕ Luy‡R †ei Kivi| KviY Zuviv KziAvb-mybœvn I Dm~‡ji Av‡jv‡K ev ZvLix‡Ri
gva¨‡g wecyj msL¨K gvmAvjvi mgvavb w`‡q‡Qb| eZ©gv‡b †Kv‡bv gvmAvjv bZzb
K‡i NU‡j Zvi mwVK mgvavb c~e©eZ©x dKxnM‡Yi Av‡jvPbvq cvIqv Lye ¯^vfvweK|
ZvB me©vZ¥K †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e mgvavb †ei Kivi| G‡¶‡Î `yB GKwU wKZve †`‡L
GK_v fvev DwPZ n‡e bv †h, G wel‡qi mgvavb c~e©eZ©x †Kv‡bv Bgvg w`‡q hvbwb|
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ إذ ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻊ‬،‫ أو ﻋﺪم ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻤﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮرة ﻓﻴﻪ‬،‫واﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ أن ﻋﺪم وﺟﺪاﻧﻪ اﻟﻨﺺ ﺑﻘﻠﺔ اﻃﻼﻋﻪ‬
‫ )ﺷﺮح ﻋﻘﻮد رﺳﻢ‬...‫ أو ﺑﺬﻛﺮ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬،‫ إﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ إﻻ وﻟﻬﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬
(‫ داﻛﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﺷﻴﺦ اﻹﺳﻼم‬۱٥٥ :‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻲ‬
ÒmvaiYZ †KD ÔbmÕ cvq bv Kg AbymÜv‡bi Kvi‡Y| A_ev Kvw•¶Z gvmAvjv D‡jøL
Kivi ¯’vb Rvbv bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y| †Kbbv Lye Kg mgm¨v Ggb _v‡K †h e¨vcv‡i
gvhnv‡ei wKZv‡e †Kv‡bv ÔbmÕ _v‡K bv| nq‡Zv ûeû H gvmAvjv _v‡K A_ev Ggb
†Kv‡bv Kvq`v D‡jøL _v‡K hv †mB gvmAvjv‡K kvwgj K‡i †bq|Ó
hw` c~e©eZ©x Bgvg‡`i Av‡jvPbvq mgvavb cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j †m wn‡m‡eB dvZIqv
w`‡e|
L. hw` A‡bK †Póvi c‡iI †Kv‡bv mgvavb Luy‡R cvIqv bv hvq, BR‡Znv‡`i †hvM¨Zv
 37
bv _vK‡j AcviMZv cÖKvk Ki‡e Ges Ab¨ †hvM¨ gydZxi †mvc`© K‡i w`‡e| A_ev
wb‡R †hvM¨ †Kv‡bv gydZxi kiYvcbœ n‡q mgvavb †R‡b wb‡e| Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb
kvgx ivn. Gai‡bi mgm¨v mgvavb w`‡Z hviv A¶g Zv‡`i m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻞ إﻟﻴﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺄﻣﻦ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎدﺛﺘﻪ وﻣﺎ وﺟﺪﻩ ﻓﺮق‬.‫ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺎرﺑﻬﺎ‬،‫وﻻ ﻳﻜﺘﻔﻰ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد ﻧﻈﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ وﻟﻮ وﻛﻞ اﻷﻣﺮ إﻟﻰ أﻓﻬﺎﻣﻨﺎ‬.‫ ﺣﺘﻰ أﻟﻔﻮا ﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﻔﺮوق ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬،‫ ﻓﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻓﺮﻗﻮا ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ وﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻈﻴﺮﺗﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻓﻬﻤﻪ‬
(۱٥٥ :‫ )ﺷﺮح ﻋﻘﻮد رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻲ‬...‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﺪرك اﻟﻔﺮق ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
ÒïaygvÎ gvmAvjvi KvQvKvwQ bhxi cvIqvB h‡_ó bq| †Kbbv bZzb gvmAvjv Avi †m
†h bhxi †c‡q‡Q `yB‡qi gv‡S m~² cv_©K¨ †_‡K †h‡Z cv‡i hv nq‡Zv Zvi wPšÍvqI
Avm‡e bv| †Kbbv A‡bK gvmAvjv Ggb Av‡Q †h¸‡jv‡K Zvi bhx‡ii mv‡_ cv_©K¨
K‡i †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| GgbwK Zuviv GB cv_©‡K¨i Dci ¯^Zš¿ MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb|Ó
Bgvg KvhxLvb ivn. (g„. 592) e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن‬،‫ وﻳﻀﻴﻒ اﻟﺠﻮاب إﻟﻴﻪ‬،‫وإن ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻲ ﻣﻘﻠﺪا ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺠﺘﻬﺪ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻘﻮل ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ أﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫ وﻻ ﻳﺠﺎزف ﺧﻮﻓﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻓﺘﺮاء‬،‫ وﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻮاب‬،‫ﻛﺎن أﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ آﺧﺮ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ إﻟﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬
(‫ زﻛﺮﻳﺎ‬.‫ ﺑﻬﺎﻣﺶ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ ط‬۳/۱ :‫ )ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺨﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬.‫ اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ اﻟﺤﻼل وﺿﺪﻩ‬
ÒgydZx hw` gyKvwjø` nq Ges gyRZvwn` bv nq, Zvn‡j Zvi DwPZ n‡jv, Zvi Kv‡Q
me‡P eo dKxni e³e¨ †m MÖnY Ki‡e Ges KvD‡K Reve w`‡j †mB dKx‡ni w`‡K
RIqv‡ei m¤^Ü Ki‡e| Avi Zvi Rvbv eo dKxn hw` Ab¨ kn‡i nq Zvn‡j †m
c·hv‡M Zvi m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡e Ges wjwLZfv‡e RIqve †R‡b wb‡e| Abygvb
K‡i nvjvj‡K nvivg e‡j ev nvivg‡K nvjvj e‡j Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Dci wg_¨v
Av‡iv‡ci `ytmvnm †hb bv †`Lvq|Ó
M. wKQz wKQz Ôbv‡hjvÕ Ggb Av‡Q hvi mgvavb c~e©eZ©x Bgvg‡`i Av‡jvPbvq mivmwi
†bB| Z‡e H Ôbv‡hjvÕi mg‡kÖYx I mvgÄm¨c~Y© Ôbv‡hjvÕi mgvavb Av‡Q| G‡¶‡Î
hw` †KD †hvM¨ dKxn nq Ges Ab¨vb¨ dKxn Zuvi †hvM¨Zvi ¯^xK…wZ †`b, Zvn‡j
wdK‡n nvbvdxi Dm~j I wbqg-Kvby‡bi Av‡jv‡K ‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎﺋﺮ‬ev ‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬Gi
wfwˇZ mgvavb w`‡Z cv‡i|
N. Avi hw` mivmwi mgvavb ev mg‡kªYxi bhxi †Kv‡bvUvB bv cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j †hvM¨
dKxnMY (‫ )اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺤﺮون ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬hviv gvhnv‡ei Dm~j I dziƒÕi †ghvR I wbqgKvby‡bi
AMva Ávb iv‡Lb, Ab¨vb¨ dKx‡ni Kv‡Q Zv‡`i †hvM¨ZvI ¯^xK…Z| KziAvb-mybœvn
†_‡K Dm~jyj wdK‡ni Av‡jv‡K Zviv mgvavb †`qvi †Póv Ki‡eb| Z‡e GKKfv‡e
mgvavb bv w`‡q †hŠ_ cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g mgvavb †`qv m‡e©vËg|
G cÖm‡½ nhiZ gvIjvbv mvC` Avng` cvjbcyix `v.ev. e‡jb-
 38

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wdKûb bvIqvwh‡ji ¯úk©KvZiZv
wdKûb bvIqvwhj †h‡nZz BR‡Znv‡`i Ask, ZvB BgvgMY BR‡Znv‡`i †¶‡Î †hfv‡e
mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Zb Zv GLv‡bI Ki‡Z n‡e Ges BR‡Znv‡`i mKj kZ© GLv‡b
Kvh©Ki _vK‡e| †hfv‡e BR‡Znv‡` A‡hv‡M¨i c`PviYv n‡j Øx‡bi eievw` Awbevh©,
GLv‡bI †Kv‡bv A‡hv‡M¨i n¯Í‡¶c n‡j eievw` Awbevh©|
‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮو ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺎص ﻗﺎل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻘﻮل إن اﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻧﺘﺰاﻋﺎ ﻳﻨﺘﺰﻋﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺒﺎد وﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﻘﺒﺾ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺣﺘﻰ إذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﺒﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎ اﺗﺨﺬ اﻟﻨﺎس رءوﺳﺎ ﺟﻬﺎﻻ ﻓﺴﺌﻠﻮا ﻓﺄﻓﺘﻮا‬
‫( واﻹﻣﺎم ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬۱۰۰) ‫ )أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬.‫ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻓﻀﻠﻮا وأﺿﻠﻮا‬
(۲٦٧۳)
ÒnhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avgi Bebyj Avm ivwh. e‡jb, ivm~j e‡j‡Qb, Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv Bjg‡K mivmwi Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi wmbv †_‡K Zz‡j †b‡eb bv; eis Av‡jg‡K
Zvi Bjgmn Zz‡j †b‡eb| GK ch©v‡q hLb c„w_ex‡Z †Kv‡bv Av‡jg Aewkó _vK‡e
bv ZLb †jv‡Kiv g~L©‡`i‡K †bZ…‡Z¡i Avm‡b emv‡e Ges Zv‡`i Kv‡QB wewfbœ mgm¨vi
mgvavb PvB‡e| ZLb ZvivI Ávbnxb dvqmvjv w`‡e| d‡j Zviv wb‡Riv c_åó n‡e,
Ab¨‡`i‡K c_åó Ki‡e|Ó
A‡b‡KB Av‡Qb hviv g‡b K‡ib, Aviex fvlv †R‡b nv`x‡mi evwn¨K A_© eyS‡jB †h
†KD BR‡Znv‡`i †hvM¨ n‡q hvq| A‡b‡K †Zv G Ae¯’vq Awe‡ePK n‡q mivmwi
BR‡Znv`I ïiæ K‡i †`b| A_P G wPšÍv KziAvb-mybœvn, mvnvevi Avgj I mvjv‡di
Kg©avivi cwicš’x| Zv‡`i †f‡e †`Lvi Rb¨ `yB GKwU ÔbmÕ †ck Kiv n‡jv| ivm~j
e‡jb-
‫ ]أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬.‫رب ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻘﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻔﻘﻴﻪ ورب ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻘﻪ إﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ أﻓﻘﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
 39
[.‫( وﺣﺴﻨﻪ‬۲٨٦٨) ‫( ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ واﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬۲۱٥٩۰)
ÒwdK‡ni A‡bK eY©bvKvix Ggb hviv dKxn bb| A‡b‡K Ggb e¨w³i Kv‡Q wdKn
eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h Zvi †P‡q eo dKxn|Ó
Bgvg hviKvkx ivn. (Rb¥.745-g„.794) nv`xmwU D‡jøL K‡i e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb-
‫ وﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ أن ﻳﻜﻮن‬،‫ رب ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﻘﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻓﻘﻴﻪ أي ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺒﻂ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
(‫ )ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺜﻮر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬.‫ﻟﻪ اﺳﺘﺪﻻل واﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
Òivm~j Gi e³e¨ wdK‡ni A‡bK eY©bvKvix dKxn bq A_©vr gyRZvwn` bq
GK_vi A_© n‡jv, †m †Zv wdKn m¤^wjZ nv`xm eY©bv Ki‡Q wKš‘ †m nv`xm †_‡K
BR‡Znv` K‡i ûKzg †ei Kivi ¶gZv Zvi †bB|Ó
G nv`x‡m ivm~j wdKn m¤^wjZ nv`xm mybœvni eY©bvKvix‡K `yB fv‡M fvM
K‡i‡Qb| cÖ_g cÖKvi: hviv wdKn m¤^wjZ nv`x‡mi evnK I eY©bvKvix nIqv m‡Ë¡I
H wdKn Øviv DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i bv| eis Ab¨ dKx‡ni kiYvcbœ n‡Z nq| A_P †mI
Aviex fvlv Rv‡b| wØZxq cÖKvi: hviv Zv Øviv DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i|
G nv`xmwU GK_vi cwi®‹vi `jxj †h, †KD nv`xm Rvb‡jB †m BR‡Znv` Ki‡Z cvi‡e
bv; eis nv`xm †_‡K weavb D×vi Ki‡Z n‡j kixÔAvZ ¯^xK…Z †hvM¨Zv Avek¨K| Avi
†hvM¨Zv bv _vK‡j Zv‡K dKx‡ni kiYvcbœ n‡Z n‡e| A‡b‡K †Zv g‡b K‡i, KziAvb
I mybv‡b Avey `vD` _vK‡jB BR‡Znv‡`i kZ© c~Y© n‡q hvq| Zvn‡j †hvM¨Zv I
ZvKIqv, hv G‡¶‡Î †giæ`Û Gi K_v †M‡jv †Kv_vq?
Av‡iv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-
(‫ )رواﻩ اﻟﺪارﻣﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﺮﺳﻼ‬.‫أﺟﺮأﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎ أﺟﺮأﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎر‬
Ò‡Zvgv‡`i gv‡S dvZIqvi e¨vcv‡i me‡P `ytmvnmx †mB †h Rvnvbœv‡gi e¨vcv‡i
`ytmvnmx|Ó
†hvM¨Zv AR©b Kiv e¨ZxZ dvZIqv †`qvB ÔRyiAv‡ZiÕ kvwgj| myZivs G nv`xmwU
A‡hv‡M¨i BR‡Znv‡`i e¨vcv‡i KwVb ûuwkqvix| nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh.
hv‡`i BR‡Znv‡`i †hvM¨Zv †bB Zv‡`i‡K BR‡Znv` Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z
e‡j‡Qb| GgbwK j¾vKi cwiw¯’wZi wkKvi n‡j j¾v‡K nRg Kivi Dc‡`k
w`‡q‡Qb, BR‡Znv‡`i AbygwZ †`bwb|
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ‬، ‫ﻓﺈن ﺟﺎءﻩ أﻣﺮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺾ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ
وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺾ ﺑﻪ اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻮن ﻓﻠﻴﺠﺘﻬﺪ رأﻳﻪ‬
(۳۱٩ :‫ )ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن اﻟﻌﻠﻢ وﻓﻀﻠﻪ‬.‫ﻳﺤﺴﻦ ﻓﻠﻴﻘﺮ وﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻲ‬
ÒgydZxi mvg‡b hw` Ggb †Kv‡bv bZzb mgm¨v Av‡m hvi mgvavb KziAv‡b bv _v‡K ev
ivm~j I †m e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv mgvavb bv w`‡q _v‡Kb| wKsev mv‡jnx‡bi †Kv‡bv
dvqmvjvI †m e¨vcv‡i cvIqv bv hvq, Zvn‡j †m BR‡Znv` Ki‡e| hw` Zvi
BR‡Znv‡`i ¶gZv bv _v‡K Zvn‡j †m †hb Zv AKc‡U ¯^xKvi K‡i (BR‡Znv` †_‡K
weiZ _v‡K)| †Kv‡bv iKg j¾v‡eva bv K‡i|Ó
 40
†hvM¨ivB BR‡Znv` Ki‡e, A‡hvM¨iv weiZ _vK‡e| GgbwK †hvM¨ dKxni wbKU
†Kv‡bv welq A¯úó _vK‡j wbQK Abygvb K‡i mgvavb †`qviI AbygwZ †bB| G
e¨vcv‡i D¤§vni mKj Av‡jg GKgZ| Bgvg Beby Avwãj evi ivn. (Rb¥ 368-
g„.463) nhiZ Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. Gi Av‡iKwU eY©bvi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z e‡jb-
‫ وأﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺠﺘﻬﺪ إﻻ‬، ‫ﻫﺬا ﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻟﻚ أن اﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮن إﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺻﻮل ﻳﻀﺎف إﻟﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ واﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ‬
‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺰ ﻟﻪ أن ﻳﺤﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻗﻮﻻ ﻓﻲ دﻳﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻟﻪ‬، ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻬﺎ وﻣﻦ أﺷﻜﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻲء ﻟﺰﻣﻪ اﻟﻮﻗﻮف‬
.‫ﻣﻦ أﺻﻞ وﻻ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ أﺻﻞ وﻫﺬا اﻟﺬي ﻻ ﺧﻼف ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ أﺋﻤﺔ اﻷﻣﺼﺎر ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺎ وﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﻓﺘﺪﺑﺮﻩ‬
(۳۱٩ :‫)ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن اﻟﻌﻠﻢ وﻓﻀﻠﻪ‬
ÒGB e³e¨ G welqwU mvd K‡i w`‡”Q †h, BR‡Znv` Ki‡Z n‡e Ggb wKQz Dm~j ev
g~jbxwZi wfwˇZ hv nvivg-nvjv‡ji `jxj n‡Z cv‡i| Avi BR‡Znv‡`i AwaKvi †m
Av‡jgB iv‡L hvi GB Dm~j m¤^‡Ü Rvbv Av‡Q| Zvi Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv welq m‡›`nc~Y© n‡j
ev A¯úó n‡j BR‡Znv` †_‡K weiZ _vKv Acwinvh©| Zvi Rb¨ Øxb msµvšÍ Ggb
†Kv‡bv K_v Avjøvni e¨vcv‡i Av‡ivc Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e bv, hvi bv Av‡Q †Kv‡bv
Dm~jwbf©i bhxi (`„óvšÍ)| Avi bv †m bhxi †Kv‡bv Dm~‡ji ch©v‡q| GUv Ggb ¯^Ztwm×
welq, †h e¨vcv‡i c~e©vci †Kv‡bv Bgv‡gi wfbœgZ †bB|Ó
GKRb dKxn KLb wb‡R‡K dvZvIqvi †hvM¨ g‡b Ki‡e Ges dvZvIqvi Kv‡R
wb‡R‡K wb‡qvwRZ Ki‡e| G wel‡q Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. (Rb¥- 95, g„.179) †gŠwjK
wb‡`©kbv w`‡q‡Qb-
‫ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺸﺎور ﻓﻴﻪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺼﻼح واﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬.‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ أﺣﺐ أن ﻳﺠﻠﺲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ واﻟﻔﺘﻴﺎ ﺟﻠﺲ‬
‫ وﻣﺎ ﺟﻠﺴﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺷﻬﺪ ﻟﻲ ﺳﺒﻌﻮن ﺷﻴﺨﺎً ﻣﻦ‬.‫ ﻓﺈن رأوﻩ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ أﻫﻼً ﺟﻠﺲ‬.‫وأﻫﻞ اﻟﺠﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
.‫أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ أﻧﻲ ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ ﻓﺒﺎدر اﺑﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﻓﺄﻓﺘﺎﻩ ﻓﺄﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻐﻀﺐ‬.‫ ﺟﺎء رﺟﻞ ﻳﺴﺄل ﻣﺎﻟﻜﺎً ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬:‫ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ وﻫﺐ‬
.‫ ﻣﺎ أﻓﺘﻴﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﻫﻞ أﻧﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﻴﺎ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬،‫ ﺟﺴﺮت ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﺗﻔﺘﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ؟ ﻳﻜﺮرﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬:‫وﻗﺎل ﻟﻪ‬
(۱٤۲/۱ :‫ )ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻤﺪارك‬.‫ اﻟﺰﻫﺮي ورﺑﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﺮأي‬:‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺳﻜﻦ ﻏﻀﺒﻪ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺄﻟﺖ؟ ﻗﺎل‬
Ònv`xm eY©bv I dvZvIqv †`Iqvi dv‡K †h †KD wb‡R‡K wb‡qvwRZ Ki‡Z PvB‡j Zvi
Rb¨ Zv Rv‡qh n‡e bv, hZ¶Y bv †m mswkøó Avn‡j Bjg I mvjv‡ni mv‡_ civgk©
Ki‡e| Zuviv hw` Zv‡K †hvM¨ g‡b K‡ib, Zvn‡j †m wb‡R‡K wb‡qvwRZ Ki‡e| Avwg
nv`xm eY©bv I dvZvIqv †`qvi Rb¨ e‡mwQ mËi Rb wewkó Avn‡j Bjg Avgvi
Dchy³Zvi mv¶¨ †`qvi ci|
Be‡b Iqvnve ivn. e‡jb, GK e¨w³ Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. Gi Kv‡Q GKwU gvmAvjv
wR‡Ám Ki‡Z G‡j Be‡b Kv‡mg ivn. Av‡M †e‡o dvZvIqv w`‡q wQ‡jb| ZLb gv‡jK
ivn. µz× n‡q Zvi w`‡K GwM‡q ej‡jb, Avãyi ingvb, Zzwg dvZvIqv †`qvi gZ
`ytmvnm †`Lv‡j! GK_v evievi ej‡Z _vK‡jb| Avwg dvZvIqv †`Bwb hZ¶Y bv
 41
wewkó Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K wR‡Ám K‡iwQ, Avwg Gi †hvM¨ wK bv? hLb Bgvg gv‡jK
ivn. Gi ivM _vg‡jv ZLb Zuv‡K ejv n‡jv, Avcwb Kv‡K wR‡Ám K‡i‡Qb? wZwb
ej‡jb, Rynix I iexAvZzi-ivB‡K|Ó
†gvUK_v, BR‡Znv` AwaKvi bq| †h †Kv‡bv Dcv‡qB †nvK Avgv‡K G AwaKvi jvf
Ki‡ZB n‡e; Ggb bq| eis GwU GKwU `vwqZ¡| AZ¨šÍ bvhyK I ¯úk©KvZi `vwqZ¡|
BR‡Znv` gv‡bB kixÔAv‡Zi e¨vL¨v †`qv| ˆea, A‰ea, nvjvj, nvivg wPwýZ Kiv|
ZvB A‡hvM¨Zv m‡Ë¡I BR‡Znv‡`i †Póv Kiv AbwaKvi PP©vi kvwgj, Avi Zv Øx‡bi
eiev`xI|
wdKûb bvIqvwhj I †hŠ_ BR‡Znv`
bvIqvwh‡ji †¶‡Î m‡e©vËg n‡jv, GKKfv‡e wm×všÍ bv wb‡q †hŠ_ wPšÍv-wdKi Kiv|
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. ivm~j †K wR‡Ám K‡iwQ‡jb, hw` Avgv‡`i mvg‡b Ggb
bv‡hjv Av‡m hvi mgvavb Avgiv KziAvb-mybœvnq bv cvB, ZLb Kx Ki‡Z cvwi?
ivm~jyjøvn Dˇi e‡j‡Qb-
‫[ ﺷﺎوروا‬:‫ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ إن ﻧﺰل ﺑﻨﺎ أﻣﺮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺎن أﻣﺮ وﻻ ﻧﻬﻲ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺗﺄﻣﺮﻧﻲ ﻗﺎل‬:‫]وﻋﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ )رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷوﺳﻂ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻗﻮن ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ‬.‫ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء واﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ وﻻ ﺗﻤﻀﻮا ﻓﻴﻪ رأي ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
(۱٧٨/۱ :‫ )ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬.‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬
ÒGe¨vcv‡i dKxn I Av‡e`‡`i m‡½ civgk© Ki‡e| G‡¶‡Î e¨w³ we‡k‡li ivq‡K
Kvh©Ki Ki‡e bv|Ó
Avjøvgv gynv¤§v` Zv‡ni Be‡b Avïi ivn. (g„Zz¨ 1296wn.) †hŠ_ BR‡Znv‡`i ¸iæZ¡,
DcKvwiZv Ges wdKn †ev‡W©i `vwqZ¡ I Kg©c×wZ m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-
‫ وﻗﺪ أﺛﻤﺖ اﻷﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻂ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻊ‬،‫ﻓﺎﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد ﻓﺮض ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻣﺔ ﺑﻤﻘﺪار ﺣﺎﺟﺔ أﻗﻄﺎرﻫﺎ وأﺣﻮاﻟﻬﺎ‬...
‫ ﻫﻮ‬:‫ وإن أﻗﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﺼﺮ أن ﻳﺒﺪأوا ﺑﻪ‬...‫اﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ وﻣﻜﻨﺔ اﻷﺳﺒﺎب واﻵﻻت‬
‫ وﻳﺼﺪروا ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ وﻓﺎق‬،‫أن ﻳﺴﻌﻮا إﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻳﺤﻀﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء ﻛﻞ ﻗﻄﺮ إﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬
.‫ ﻓﻼ أﺣﺴﺐ أﺣﺪا ﻳﻨﺼﺮف ﻋﻦ اﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﻢ‬،‫ وﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮا أﻗﻄﺎر اﻹﺳﻼم ﺑﻤﻘﺮراﺗﻬﻢ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻷﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
(‫م‬۱٩٧٨ ‫ اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬،‫ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮزﻳﻊ‬.‫ ط‬۱٥۲-۱٥۱ :‫)ﻣﻘﺎﺻﺪ اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬
ÒAe¯’v I Ae¯’v‡bi cÖ‡qvRb Abycv‡Z BR‡Znv` di‡h wKdvqv| mvg_©¨ I me ai‡bi
Dcvq DcKiY _vKv m‡Ë¡I hw` D¤§Z G Kv‡R wkw_jZv K‡i Zvn‡j ¸bvnMvi n‡e|
eZ©gv‡b Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K G KvR ïiæ Kivi Rb¨ ÔKg‡QKgÕ GZUzKz `vwqZ¡ cvjb
Ki‡Z n‡e †h, G D‡Ï‡k¨ Bjgx gRwjm Kiv n‡e †hLv‡b Dcw¯’Z n‡e c„w_exi wewfbœ
cÖv‡šÍi gymwjg †`‡ki weÁ Ijvgv‡q †Kivg| †m gRwj‡m Zviv mw¤§wjZ gZvg‡Zi
wfwˇZ D¤§‡Zi Rb¨ Kg©cš’v wba©viY Ki‡e Ges GB wm×všÍ gymwjg †`k¸‡jv‡Z
†cuŠ‡Q w`‡e| Avgvi g‡b nq Gici Avi †KD Zv‡`i AbymiY †_‡K gyL wdwi‡q †b‡e
bv|Ó
 42
nhiZ Avey eKi wmÏxK ivwh. I Igi dviæK ivwh. Gi Kg©cš’v GgbB wQ‡jv| Zviv
bZzb †Kv‡bv welq mvg‡b G‡j GKKfv‡e wm×všÍ wb‡Zb bv| eis Ab¨vb¨ mvnvexi
mv‡_ civgk© Ki‡Zb| Bgvg evqnvKx ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﺈن وﺟﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ‬،‫ ﻛﺎن أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ  إذا ورد ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﺼﻢ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﻣﻴﻤﻮن ﺑﻦ ﻣﻬﺮان ﻗﺎل‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻋﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﻞ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻴﻪ ﺳﻨﺔ‬،‫ﻳﻘﻀﻰ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬
‫ ﻓﻨﻈﺮت ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ وﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ‬،‫ أﺗﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا‬،‫ ﻓﺴﺄل اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺧﺮج‬،‫ﻗﻀﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ ﻓﻠﻢ أﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻓﻬﻞ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮن أن ﻧﺒﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﻀﻰ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻘﻀﺎء؟ ﻓﺮﺑﻤﺎ ﻗﺎم‬،
‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.
‫ ﻓﻴﺄﺧﺬ ﺑﻘﻀﺎء رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻧﻌﻢ ﻗﻀﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻜﺬا وﻛﺬا‬:‫إﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﺮﻫﻂ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا‬
‫ اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺬي ﺟﻌﻞ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ‬:‫ وﺣﺪﺛﻨﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﻤﻮن أن أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺮ  ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﻮل ﻋﻨﺪ ذﻟﻚ‬:‫ﻗﺎل ﺟﻌﻔﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﺈذا اﺟﺘﻤﻊ رأﻳﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬،‫ﻳﺤﻔﻆ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ
وإن أﻋﻴﺎﻩ ذﻟﻚ دﻋﺎ رؤس اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ وﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺸﺎرﻫﻢ‬
.‫اﻻﻣﺮ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن أﻋﻴﺎﻩ أن ﻳﺠﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬،‫ وﺣﺪﺛﻨﻲ ﻣﻴﻤﻮن أن ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺎب  ﻛﺎن ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ذﻟﻚ‬:‫ﻗﺎل ﺟﻌﻔﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن وﺟﺪ أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺮ  ﻗﺪ ﻗﻀﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻘﻀﺎء ﻗﻀﻰ ﺑﻪ وإﻻ‬،‫واﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﻞ ﻛﺎن ﻷﺑﻲ ﺑﻜﺮ  ﻓﻴﻪ ﻗﻀﺎء‬
:‫ )اﻟﺴﻨﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬.‫ ﻓﺈذا اﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻣﺮ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬،‫دﻋﺎ رؤس اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ وﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺸﺎرﻫﻢ‬
(‫ﻛﺘﺎب آداب اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬
ÒnhiZ gvBgyb Be‡b wgnivb ivn. e‡jb, nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh. Gi Kv‡Q hLb †Kv‡bv
†gvKvÏgv DÌvwcZ n‡Zv, ZLb cÖ_‡g KziAv‡b AbymÜvb Ki‡Zb| hw` Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv
dvqmvjv †c‡q †h‡Zb †m Abymv‡i dvqmvjv Ki‡Zb| bv †c‡j ivm~j Gi
dvqmvjv LuyR‡Zb| hw` †c‡q †h‡Zb Zvn‡j †m dvqmvjvB w`‡Zb| hw` ivm~j
Gi †Kv‡bv dvqmvjv bv †c‡Zb Zvn‡j gymjgvb‡`i gv‡S †NvlYv Ki‡Zb, Avgvi Kv‡Q
GB †gvKvÏgv G‡m‡Q| KziAv‡b Ges ivm~j Gi mybœvnq Luy‡RwQ wKš‘ cvBwb|
†Zvgv‡`i Kv‡iv wK G m¤ú‡K© ivm~j Gi †Kv‡bv dvqmvjv Rvbv Av‡Q? ZLb
KL‡bv †Kv‡bv RvgvZ `uvwo‡q ej‡Zv, nu¨v, G e¨vcv‡i ivm~j GB dvqmvjv
K‡i‡Qb| ZLb nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh. ivm~j Gi †m dvqmvjvB MÖnY Ki‡Zb|
RvÔdi ivn. e‡jb, gvBgyb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, ZLb nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh.
ej‡Zb, mKj cÖksmv †mB gnvb mËv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨ whwb Avgv‡`i gv‡S Ggb
†jvK †i‡L‡Qb, †h ivm~j Gi dvqmvjv msi¶Y K‡i‡Q| Avi hw` dvqmvjv †ei
Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡Zv ZLb kxl©¯v’ bxq Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K `vIqvZ Ki‡Zb Ges Zv‡`i
mv‡_ gvkIqviv Ki‡Zb| mevi mgš^‡q wm×všÍ n‡j †m Abyhvqx dvqmvjv Ki‡Zb|
RvÔdi ivn. e‡jb, gvBgyb eY©bv K‡ib, nhiZ Igi ivwh.I G cš’vB Aej¤^b
Ki‡Zb| hw` KziAvb-mybœvn‡Z †Kv‡bv dvqmvjv cvIqv m¤¢e bv n‡Zv, Zvn‡j wZwb
†`L‡Zb nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh. Gi G e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv dvqmvjv Av‡Q wK bv? nhiZ
 43
Avey eKi ivwh. Gi †Kv‡bv wm×všÍ †c‡q †M‡j Zv Abymv‡i dvqmvjv Ki‡Zb| Ab¨_vq
kxl©¯v’ bxq Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K `vIqvZ w`‡q Zv‡`i m‡½ civgk© Ki‡Zb| hw` Zviv
†Kv‡bv ûKz‡gi Dci mw¤§wjZ m¤§wZ cÖKvk Ki‡Zb, Zvn‡j Zv MÖnY K‡i dvqmvjv
Ki‡Zb|Ó
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi gvhnve ïivwfwËK wQ‡jv| Bgvg LvIqv‡ihgx ivn. (Rb¥
603- g„. 655) Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi bv‡hjv welqK BR‡Znv‡`i c×wZ Gfv‡e D‡jøL
K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻊ ﻣﺎ‬،‫ إذا وﻗﻌﺖ واﻗﻌﺔ ﺷﺎورﻫﻢ وﻧﺎﻇﺮﻫﻢ وﺣﺎورﻫﻢ وﺳﺄﻟﻬﻢ‬-‫اﻹﻣﺎم أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬- ‫وﻛﺎن‬...
‫ ﻓﻴﺜﺒﺘﻪ أﺑﻮ‬،‫ وﻳﻨﺎﻇﺮﻫﻢ ﺷﻬﺮا أو أﻛﺜﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺮ أﺣﺪ اﻷﻗﻮال‬،‫ وﻳﻘﻮل ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬،‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺧﺒﺎر واﻵﺛﺎر‬
‫ )ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﺴﺎﻧﻴﺪ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻷﻋﻈﻢ ﻟﻤﺤﻤﺪ‬.‫ﻳﻮﺳﻒ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺛﺒﺖ اﻷﺻﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬
(‫ﻫـ‬۱۳۳۲ ‫ ﺣﻴﺪرآﺑﺎد‬.‫ ط‬:‫ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﻮد اﻟﺨﻮارزﻣﻲ‬
ÒhLb bZzb †Kv‡bv NUbv NU‡Zv ZLb Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Zvi m½x‡`i m‡½
civgk© Ki‡Zb, `xN© Av‡jvPbv I cÖkœ DËi Ki‡Zb| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q nv`xm I AvQv‡ii
hZ `jxj Av‡Q me ïb‡Zb| Zvi Kv‡Q †h `jxj Av‡Q ZvI wZwb ej‡Zb| †Kv‡bv
GKUv wm×všÍ w¯’i nIqv ch©šÍ gv‡mi ci gvm Av‡jvPbv ch©v‡jvPbv Pj‡Zv| †Kv‡bv
GKwU gZ w¯’i n‡j Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn. wjwce× Ki‡Zb| G c×wZ‡ZB Dm~jx
gvmvBj wjwce× K‡i‡Qb|Ó
eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ Kvi‡Y †hŠ_ BR‡Znv‡`i ¸iæZ¡ Av‡iv †e‡o †M‡Q| ZvB mgKvjxb
mgm¨vejxi kiÔqx mgvavb wb‡q M‡elYv I wPšÍv-wdwKi Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ †`‡k
cÖwZôvb M‡o D‡V‡Q| A‡bK eo eo Rv‡gÔAv‡q †hŠ_ wPšÍv-wdwK‡ii Rb¨ †hvM¨
gydZx‡`i mgš^‡q KwgwU i‡q‡Q| GiB avivevwnKZvq `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix‡Z †hvM¨
gydZxqv‡b †Kiv‡gi mgš^‡q ÔgvRgvDj wdKwnj BmjvgxÕ bv‡g GKwU wdKn †evW©
MwVZ n‡q‡Q| mgKvjxb wewfbœ welq wb‡q M‡elYv, Av‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbv n‡Z _v‡K|
eûj Av‡jvwPZ BÝy¨‡iÝ wel‡q GKwU wdKnx BR‡Zgv AbywôZ nq 15/11/1432wn.
m‡b| †hLv‡b fviZ, cvwK¯Ívb I evsjv‡`‡ki kxl©¯v’ bxq gydZxqv‡b †Kivg Dcw¯’Z
wQ‡jb| Gi c~Y© weeiY D¯Ív‡` gynZvivg gydZx wKdvqvZzjøvn mv‡ne nvwdhvûjøvn Gi
ÔAvmvmyj gyIqvmvwZj BmjvwgqvÕ bvgK wimvjvq mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q|
‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬: wKQz K_v
wdKûb-bvIqvwh‡ji †¶‡Î ZvLix‡R wdKnxi f~wgKv A‡bK| †KD bvIqvwhj wel‡q
†hvM¨Zv AR©b Ki‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡K ZvLix‡R wdKnx‡Z cvi`k©x n‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K
gvhnv‡eB Gi wbqg-Kvbyb I avivbxwZ Av‡Q, hv mswkøó wKZv‡e D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| wewfbœ
d‡bB ÔZvLixRÕ kãwU cwifvlv wn‡m‡e e¨envi n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b ZvLix‡Ri A_© Avgiv
mn‡R Gfv‡e eyS‡Z cvwi †h, ‫ إﺧﺮاج ﺷﻲء ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲء‬A_©vr GK wRwbm †_‡K Av‡iK wRwbm
D™¢veb Kiv| Gi KvQvKvwQ A‡_© Bgvg dhjjøvn ZziwekZx ivn. (g„.661) wdKn k‡ãi
 44
e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻧﺰار‬٩٧/۱ :‫ )اﻟﻤﻴﺴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح ﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬.‫اﻟﻔﻘﻪ ﻫﻮ اﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ إﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻏﺎﺋﺐ ﺑﻌﻠﻢ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ‬
(‫ﻫـ‬۱٤۲٩ ‫ اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬،‫ ﺳﻌﻮدﻳﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ ﺑﺎز‬
†gvUK_v, Dm~j †_‡K gvmAvjv ev gvmAvjv †_‡K gvmAvjv D™¢veb Kivi bvg ZvLix‡R
wdKnx| ZvLix‡R wdKnx mvaviYZ Pvi fv‡e n‡q _v‡K|
1. ‫ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻟﻔﺮوع ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺻﻮل‬
2. ‫ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻟﻔﺮوع ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺮوع‬
3. ‫ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻷﺻﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺮوع‬
4. ‫ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻷﺻﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺻﻮل‬
cÖ‡Z¨KwUi cwiPq, c×wZ, wbqg Kvbyb, †¶Î I cÖ‡qvM¶gZv wek` Av‡jvPbvi `vwe
iv‡L, hv G †QvU f~wgKvq m¤¢e bq|
GKRb wdK‡ni Zv‡j‡e Bj‡gi Rb¨ Acwinvh© n‡jv c~‡e©i Bgvg‡`i bvIqvwhj
welqK ZvLixRK…Z gvmvBj h_vh_ Abyaveb Kivi †Póv Kiv, ZvB ‫اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬
‫ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬wefv‡Mi Zv‡j‡e Bjg‡`i Zvgixb wn‡m‡e wdKûb bvIqvwh‡ji gyZvjvÔAv I
Zvgixb Kiv‡bv nq|
`imyj wdK&n cÖm½
`viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvixi ‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬wefv‡M wØZxq eQ‡ii Zv‡j‡e
Bjg‡`i wdKûb bvIqvwhj wel‡q gyZvjvAv I Zvgixb nq| myev‡` 1434-35 wnRix
wk¶ve‡l©i mv_xe„›` mgKvjxb wKQz wel‡qi mgvavb cÖeÜvKv‡i Rgv K‡i wKZv‡e
†mg‡Z iƒc †`qvi AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡i| wKQz welq evQvB K‡i mv_x‡`i gv‡S weZiY
Kiv nq| ZvivI Avmv‡Zhv‡q †Kiv‡gi †bMivbx‡Z gyZvjvÔAv K‡i gyZvjvÕAvi
mviwbh©vm cÖeÜvKv‡i †ck Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z _v‡K|
welqwU GKvšÍ Hw”QK _vKvq mevB AvMÖnx nIqvi ciI wbw`©ó mg‡q 45wU cÖeÜ Rgv
nq| G¸‡jvi m¤úv`bvi Rb¨ `i‡m wdK&n wk‡ivbv‡g Aagmn BdZv mgvcbx e‡l©i
Av‡iv cuvPRb mv_x‡K wR¤§v`vix †`qv nq| hviv n‡jb- BmgvCj ûmvBb, gvneyeyj nK,
Aveyj evkvi †mvnvBj, Avãyjøvn gy¯Ídv I knx`yj Bmjvg| K‡¤úvR I A¶iweb¨v‡mi
wR¤§v`vix †`qv nq Avey nvbxd fvB‡K| wKš‘ wZwb ¯^vfvweKfv‡e KvRwU AvÄvg w`‡Z
bv cvivq G wR¤§v`vix Ac©b Kiv nq Avãyi inxg‡K Ges †kl ch©šÍ †m KvRwU K‡i
hvq|
cÖeÜ msMÖ‡ni ci †`Lv †M‡jv cÖeܸ‡jv GL‡bv cÖv_wgK Ae¯’vq †_‡K †M‡Q| ZvB
eva¨ n‡q `yÕGKwU ev` w`‡q cÖeÜ me¸‡jv AvMv‡Mvov bZzb K‡i †X‡j mvRv‡bvi †Póv
Kiv n‡q‡Q| bZzb K‡i cÖ¯Z ‘ Kiv I m¤úv`bvi mgq †h w`K¸‡jv j¶Yxq wQj Zv
wb¤œiƒc-
 45
K. wdK&nx `jx‡ji mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRbxq AvqvZ I nv`xm hy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î Avj-
wdK&ûj gy`vjøvj I Avj-wdK&ûj gyKvivb welqK wKZv‡e †h nv`xm¸‡jv‡K `jxj
wn‡m‡e D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv g~j wKZve †_‡K ZvLixR K‡i cÖ‡qvR‡b ms‡¶‡c
nv`x‡mi gvb D‡jøL Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
L. cÖ‡Z¨K cÖe‡Ü gvmAvjvi Av‡jvPbvi †¶‡Î dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi Av‡jvPbv †_‡K
ÔgvbvZÕ D‡jøL K‡i Zv we‡kølY Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
M. †Kv‡bv gvmAvjvi bhxi I Dm~j c~e©eZ©x Bgvg‡`i wKZv‡e _vK‡j ‫اﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺞ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ‬
AbyKi‡Y we‡kølY Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
N. cª‡Z¨KwU cÖeÜ cybtcÖ¯‘Z Kivi mgq GK Av›`v‡h mvRv‡bvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
O. Abyev‡`i mgq fvevbyev`‡KB cÖvavb¨ †`qv n‡q‡Q|
DwjøwLZ welqvejx Avgv‡`i j¶Yxq wQ‡jv, hv cÖvq mKj cÖe‡Ü mva¨gZ i¶v Kivi
†Póv K‡iwQ| Z‡e P~ovšÍ ev h_vh_ n‡q‡Q ejvi mva¨ †bB| cÖ‡Póv I cÖqvm gvÎ|
†hvM¨Zvi mxgve×Zv Ges mg‡qi ¯^íZv c~Y© Kvh©Ki wQ‡jv| Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨KwU cÖe܇K
cybtcÖ¯‘Z I m¤úv`bvi ci evievi cÖæd †`‡L Qvcv‡bvi Dchy³ Kiv nq| AZtci
Avmv‡Zhv‡q †Kiv‡gi wbKU mZ¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cvVv‡bv nq| nhiZ Avmv‡Zhv‡q †Kivg
kZ e¨¯ÍZvi gv‡SI h_vm¤¢e cÖeܸ‡jv †`‡L I ï‡b mZ¨vqb K‡ib Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq
cwieZ©b I cwigvR©b K‡i †`b| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv mKj Avmv‡Zhv‡q †Kivg‡K `xN©vqy
`vb Kiæb| Bjg Avg‡j eiKZ w`b| Zuv‡`i Bjg I Avgj Øviv mevB‡K Av‡iv †ewk
DcK…Z Kiæb| Avgxb\
cieZ©x‡Z Avevi cÖæd †`Lv nq Ges h_vm¤¢e evbvb wbf©yj Kivi †Póv Pj‡Z _v‡K|
GiciI fzj †_‡K hvIqv wewPÎ wKQz bq| evievi †`Lvi ciI fzj †_‡K hvIqvi
cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z nhiZ gvÔgvi ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻲ‬:‫ )ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬.‫ﻟﻮ ﻋﻮرض اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻣﺮة ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎد ﻳﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻴﻪ ﺳﻘﻂ أو ﺧﻄﺄ‬
∗(‫ﻣﻌﺎرﺿﺔ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬

«‫ ﻛﻤﺎ روى اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ‬،‫∗ وﻗﺪ ورد ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ و ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ اﻟﻤﺰﻧﻲ رﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻘﻮل ﻣﻌﻤﺮ وﻳﺼﺪﻗﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮة إﻻ ﻛﺎن‬،‫ ﻗﺮأت ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ﻧﻴﻔﺎ وﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻣﺮة‬:‫( ﻋﻦ اﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎن ﻳﻘﻮل‬.‫ )ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﺴﻴﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ ﺻﻘﺮ‬۳٦/۲
.‫ اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬.‫ أﺑﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ آﺧﺮﻩ‬،‫ﻳﺼﺤﺤﻪ‬
‫ ﻗﺪ أﻟﻔﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬:‫ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ﻳﻘﻮل‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺒﻮﻳﻄﻲ‬: (‫وذﻛﺮ اﺑﻦ ﻣﻔﻠﺢ ﻓﻲ »اﻵداب اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ« )ﻓﺼﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﺜﻘﺎت وﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺸﺮ‬
yxwvutsrqpo :‫ إن اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﻘﻮل‬،‫ وﻻﺑﺪ أن ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﻄﺄ‬،‫وﻟﻢ آل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
          

‫ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻮرض ﻛﺘﺎب‬:‫ )ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻲ( ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺰﻧﻲ ﺗﻠﻤﻴﺬ اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻗﺎل‬٦/۱ «‫وروى اﻟﺨﻄﻴﺐ اﻟﺒﻐﺪادي ﻓﻲ »ﻣﻮﺿﺢ أوﻫﺎم اﻟﺠﻤﻊ واﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫اﻫـ‬.‫ أﺑﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻛﺘﺎب ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ ﻟﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧﻄﺄ‬،‫ﺳﺒﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﺮة‬
‫وﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ أن ﻳﻐﻔﻞ ﻷﺟﻞ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻃﺮﻩ وﻳﻬﻤﻞ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻓﺄي ﻛﺘﺎب ﻳﻨﺠﻮ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ ؟! وﻧﻌﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ رﺟﺐ اﻟﺤﻨﺒﻠﻲ‬
۳ :‫ )اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬.‫ واﻟﻤﻨﺼﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻏﺘﻔﺮ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻤﺮء ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮاﺑﻪ‬،‫ ﻳﺄﺑﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﻌﺼﻤﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻏﻴﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬:(٧٩٥ ‫)اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﻰ‬
(‫ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬،‫ دار اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬.‫ﻃـ‬
 46
ÒGKUv wKZve hw` GKk eviI Ô†`LvÕ nq ZeyI Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv fzj bv _vKvi
e¨vcv‡i wbwðZ nIqv hvq bv|Ó
Avn‡j Bj‡gi Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i mwebq `iLv¯Í †h, hw` eÿ¨gvY wKZv‡e †Kv‡bv fzj
`„wó‡MvPi nq, Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i AeMZ Ki‡eb| mwVK welq cwi®‹vi nIqvi ci
Avgv‡`i MÖnY Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv KzÉv †bB| Z‡e wdKnx bym~m I fvl¨ †_‡K gvmAvjv
D×vi Kivi †¶‡Î gZwfbœZv nIqv Lye ¯^vfvweK| GwU cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡MB wQj| G‡¶‡ÎI
hw` `jxj cÖgv‡Yi gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv w`K mwVK nIqv AMÖMY¨ nq Zvn‡j Avgiv MÖnY
Ki‡ev, Bb&kvAvjøvn|
.‫ وأرﻧﺎ اﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ ﺑﺎﻃﻼ وارزﻗﻨﺎ اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫اﻟﻠﻬﻢ أرﻧﺎ اﻟﺤﻖ ﺣﻘﺎ وارزﻗﻨﺎ اﺗﺒﺎﻋﻪ‬
Ò‡n Avjøvn! Avgv‡`i mvg‡b mZ¨‡K mZ¨iƒ‡cB †`Lvb Ges Gi AbymiY Kivi
ZvIdxK w`b| Avi evwZj‡K evwZjiƒ‡cB †`Lvb Ges Zv †_‡K `~‡i _vKvi ZvIdxK
w`b|Ó
cvV‡Ki myweav‡_© cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ wiRv‡ji msw¶ß Rxebx cÖ‡qvRbxq wUKv wUàbx †hvM
Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges MÖš’cwćZ wKZv‡ei c~Y© weeiY †`qv n‡q‡Q|
cÖeÜ †_‡K eB‡q iƒc †`qvi †¶‡Î `i‡m wdK‡ni mv_x I cÖvewÜKe„›` Ges Av‡iv
A‡bK mv_x fvB wewfbœfv‡e kÖg w`‡q‡Qb, mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv
Avgv‡`i mevB‡K Keyj Kiæb| Øx‡bi gyLwjm gyZwKb Lv‡`g evbvb| Bj‡g Avg‡j
Zviv°x `vb Kiæb| KziAvb-mybœvn I wdK‡ni †L`g‡Z wb‡qvwRZ ivLyb| Avgv‡`i
Av‡Rhvbv GB †L`gZUzKz Keyj K‡i wbb| wbR wR¤§vq BkvÔAvZ I cÖPvi cÖmv‡ii
e¨e¯’v Kiæb| me©‡kÖYxi gvby‡li Rb¨ DcKvix evbvb| Avgxb \
‫ﻫﺬا وﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ وﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وﺻﺤﺒﻪ أﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ واﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ رب‬
.‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬

webxZ
Avãyjøvn bvRxe
12 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435 wnRix
13 GwcÖj 2014 wLª÷vã
 47

Aa¨vq: bvgvh
48

gmwR` I C`Mv‡n gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z AskMªnY

gvIjvbv gynv¤§v` †Rvev‡qi Avnmvbjøvn
bvix I cyiæl gvbe mgv‡Ri `yÕwU Acwinvh© A½| †Kv‡bvwU‡K ev` w`‡q gvbemgvR
MwVZ n‡Z cv‡i bv| Dfq A½ G‡K Ac‡ii mn‡hvMx I cwic~iK| GK AvZ¥v †_‡KB
Df‡qi m~Pbv I m„wó Ges Df‡qi m„wói D‡Ïk¨ GK I Awfbœ| †hgb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv
Bikv` K‡ib-
 ihgfedc
Òïay Avgvi Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨ Avwg gvbe I wRb RvwZ m„wó K‡iwQ|Ó1
gvbemgvR bvix-cyiæl Dfq Øviv MwVZ| myZivs G AvqvZ Øviv GK_v my¯úófv‡e
cÖZxqgvb nq †h, bvix-cyiæl Dfq‡K ïaygvÎ Zuvi Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Avi Bev`‡Zi g‡a¨ bvgvh n‡jv Ab¨Zg Bev`Z| Zv cyiæl‡`i Rb¨ gmwR‡` wM‡q
RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ Av`vq Ki‡Z nq| gwnjv‡`i †¶‡Î ûKzgwUi g‡a¨ wKQzUv cv_©K¨
i‡q‡Q| ZvB gwnjv‡`i wbR GjvKvi gmwR` wKsev C`Mv‡ni RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z n‡q
bvgvh covi e¨vcv‡i kixÔAv‡Zi weavb m¤ú‡K© GLv‡b we‡klfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡e| Bb&kvAvjøvn|
cyiæl‡`i Rb¨ RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv kixÔAv‡Zi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ûKzg| ivm~j
cyiæl‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqvi e¨vcv‡i LyeB ZvKx` w`‡q‡Qb| KL‡bv
RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqvi mivmwi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb, KL‡bv RvgvÔAv‡Z Abycw¯’wZi
e¨vcv‡i wewfbœ agwK w`‡q‡Qb| A‡bK nv`x‡m Zv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ Zv †_‡K wKQz
nv`xm D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﺛﻢ آﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼة ﻓﻴﺆذن‬،‫ واﻟﺬى ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻟﻘﺪ ﻫﻤﻤﺖ أن آﻣﺮ ﺑﺤﻄﺐ ﻓﻴﺤﻄﺐ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ ﺛﻢ أﺧﺎﻟﻒ إﻟﻰ رﺟﺎل ﻓﺄﺣﺮق ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻬﻢ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ آﻣﺮ رﺟﻼ ﻓﻴﺆم اﻟﻨﺎس‬،‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬
Òivm~j e‡jb, H mËvi Kmg hvi nv‡Z Avgvi cÖvY, Avgvi B‡”Q nq †h KvD‡K
jvKwo Rgv Kivi wb‡`©k †`B Ges Zv Rgv Kiv n‡e| AZtci bvgv‡hi Rb¨ Avhvb
†`qvi Av‡`k Kwi| Gici KvD‡K Bgvg evwb‡q bvgvh cov‡bvi ûKzg Kwi| Avi Avwg
hviv RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nqwb Zv‡`i wbKU wM‡q jvKwo Øviv Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i Ni
evwomn R¡vwj‡q †`B|Ó2
nv`xm †_‡K †evSv hvq, cyiæl‡`i Rb¨ RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv Avek¨K| c¶všÍ‡i

1 m~iv hvwiqvZ: 56
2 mnxn eyLvix: 1/189, nv`xm bs 644
 gmwR` I C`Mv‡n gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z AskMªnY 49
gwnjv‡`i †¶‡Î ivm~j cuvP Iqv‡³ gmwR‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqvi
mivmwi wb‡`©k †`bwb| eis Zv‡`i‡K N‡i bvgvh covi cÖwZ Drmvn w`‡q‡Qb| †hgb
nhiZ D‡¤§ ûgvB` (iv.) †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﻗﺪ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ أﻧﻚ ﺗﺤﺒﻴﻦ‬:‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳــﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ! إﻧﻲ أﺣﺐ اﻟﺼــﻼة ﻣﻌﻚ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫أﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﺎﺋﺖ إﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬
‫ وﺻﻼﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﺮﺗﻚ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻼﺗﻚ‬،‫ وﺻﻼﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻚ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻼﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﺮﺗﻚ‬،‫اﻟﺼﻼة ﻣﻌﻲ‬
‫ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴــﺠﺪ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺻــﻼﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴــﺠﺪ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ وﺻــﻼﺗﻚ‬،‫ﻓﻲ دارك وﺻــﻼﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ دارك‬
،‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺮت ﻓﺒﻨﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻓﻲ أﻗﺼﻰ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ وأﻇﻠﻤﻬﺎ وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺼﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ﺻـﻼﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪي‬
3
.‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻘﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‬
ÒwZwb ivm~j Gi `iev‡i G‡m ej‡jb, †n Avjøvni ivm~j, Avwg Avcbvi mv‡_
RvgvÔAv‡Z bvgvh co‡Z cQ›` Kwi| ivm~j e‡jb, Avwg Rvwb Zzwg Avgvi mv‡_
bvgvh co‡Z cQ›` Ki| wKš‘ †Zvgvi Kvgivq bvgvh cov eviv›`vq bvgvh cov †_‡K
DËg| eviv›`vq bvgvh cov Avw½bvq covi †P‡q DËg| Avw½bvq bvgvh cov GjvKvi
gmwR‡` cov †_‡K DËg| GjvKvi gmwR‡` bvgvh cov Avgvi gmwR‡` bvgvh cov
†_‡K DËg| eY©bvKvix e‡jb, AZtci Zvi wb‡`©‡k N‡ii me©vwaK †Mvcb AÜKviv”Qbœ
cÖ‡Kv‡ô GKwU gmwR` wbg©vY Kiv nq| Avi wZwb g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ †mLv‡bB bvgvh Av`vq
K‡i‡Qb|Ó4
Bgvg Be‡b LyhvBgv ivn.5 Zuvi ÔAvm mnxnÕ MÖ‡š’ Ògwnjv‡`i N‡i bvgvh cov DËgÓ
Aa¨v‡q G nv`xmwU eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, hv Øviv †evSv hvq, Be‡b Lyhvqgvi wbK‡UI
gwnjv‡`i N‡i bvgvh covB DËg| nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻻ ﺗﻤﻨﻌﻮا ﻧﺴﺎءﻛﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ وﺑﻴﻮﺗﻬﻦ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻟﻬﻦ‬
Ò†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i ¯¿x‡`i‡K gmwR‡` hvIqv †_‡K evav w`‡qv bv| Avi N‡i bvgvh
cov Zv‡`i Rb¨ DËg|Ó6
D³ nv`xmØq Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ Zv‡`i N‡ii me©vwaK msKxY© I
AÜKviv”Qbœ cÖ‡Kv‡ô bvgvh Av`vq Kiv gmwR‡` beex‡Z ivm~j Gi wcQ‡b
RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ bvgvh Av`vq Kivi †P‡q eû¸Y DËg| Zv‡`i evwo‡Z bvgvh Av`vq
Kivi ¸iæZ¡ cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ G nv`xmwUB h‡_ó| KviY gmwR‡` beex‡Z GK Iqv³

‫ وﺣﺴﻨﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻓﻲ »ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري« )ﺑﺎب اﻧﺘﻈﺎر اﻟﻨﺎس ﻗﻴﺎم اﻹﻣﺎم‬،(۲۲۱٧) «‫( واﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬۲٧۰٩۰) «‫ رواﻩ اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬3
(‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬
4 mnxn Be‡b Lyhvqgv: 3/95 nv`xm bs 1689, Avj gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, ZvnKxK: W. gynv¤§` gy¯Ídv AvÔRgx
5 Avey eKi gynv¤§` Be‡b BmnvK Be‡b LyhvBgv Be‡b gywMiv wbkvcyix kv‡dÔqx ivn.| Be‡b LyhvBgv bv‡g cÖwm×| 323

wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Be‡b wne¶vb ivn. Gi kv‡qL wQ‡jb| 311 wnRixi whjK‡` B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb
gynvwÏmx‡bi gv‡S ÔBgvgyj AvB¤§vÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ wQ‡jb| ZvhwKivZzj ûddv‡h nv‡Kg †_‡K ewY©Z, Zuvi iPbvi msL¨v
140wUiI †ewk| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 2/29; Avi wimvjvZzj gymZvZivdv: 20
6 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/84 nv`xm bs 567, mnxn Be‡b Lyhvqgv: nv`xm bs 1684; gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 5468
50 `imyj wdK&n
bvgvh Av`vq Kiv (gmwR‡` nvivg e¨ZxZ) Ab¨vb¨ gmwR‡` 50,000 Iqv³ bvgvh
Av`vq Kivi mgZyj¨ nIqvi K_v ivm~j wb‡RB †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| Zv m‡Ë¡I
gwnjv‡`i N‡i bvgvh cov‡K DËg e‡j‡Qb|
ZvQvov N‡i gwnjv‡`i wbivcËv mshg †hfv‡e wbwðZ Kiv hvq Zv evwn‡i wbwðZ Kiv
m¤¢e bq| cieZ©x hvgvbvq †dZbv †e‡o hvIqvq gwnjv‡`i wbivc‡` gmwR‡` Avmv
Av‡iv KwVb n‡q c‡o| ZvB A‡bK mvnvexB cieZ©x mg‡q gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` bvgvh
Av`vq Ki‡Z eviY K‡i‡Qb|
nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh.7 eY©bv K‡ib-
. ‫ﻟﻮ أدرك رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﺎ أﺣﺪث اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻟﻤﻨﻌﻬﻦ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻣﻨﻌﺖ ﻧﺴﺎء ﺑﻨﻲ إﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ‬
Òhw` ivm~jyjøvn gwnjv‡`i cieZ©x‡Z Avwe®‹„Z welq¸wj †`L‡Zb, Zvn‡j
Zv‡`i‡K gmwR‡` Dcw¯’Z n‡Z wb‡la Ki‡Zb| †hgbwU ebx BmivC‡ji gwnjv‡`i‡K
wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|Ó8
ebx BmivC‡ji gwnjviv Kx K‡iwQ‡jv Zvi weeiY nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﺤﺮم اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬،‫ﻛﺎن ﻧﺴﺎء ﺑﻨﻲ إﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ ﻳﺘﺨﺬن أرﺟﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﺐ ﻳﺘﺸﺮﻓﻦ ﻟﻠﺮﺟﺎل‬
9.‫ وﺳﻠﻄﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﻀﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬

Òebx BmivC‡ji gwnjviv Kv‡Vi cv ˆZix K‡i †h¸‡jv‡Z P‡o gmwR‡` cyiæl‡`i w`‡K
DuwK †g‡i †`LZ| d‡j Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i Rb¨ gmwR‡` Avmv‡K nvivg K‡i †`b
Ges Zv‡`i Dci nv‡qh Pvwc‡q †`b (c~‡e©i Zzjbvq evwo‡q †`b)|Ó10
nhiZ Be‡b gvmD` ivwh.11 eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﺗﻠﺒﺲ اﻟﻘﺎﻟﺒﻴﻦ ﺗﻄﻮل‬، ‫ ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﺮأة ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻞ‬، ‫ﻛﺎن اﻟﺮﺟﺎل واﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﻲ إﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ ﻳﺼﻠﻮن ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ‬
‫ أﺧﺮوﻫﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ أﺧﺮﻫﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ ﻷﺑﻲ‬: ‫ ﻓﻜﺎن اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻳﻘﻮل‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻟﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﺾ‬، ‫ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻟﺨﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬
12.‫ رﻓﻴﺼﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﺐ‬: ‫ ﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﻟﺒﻴﻦ ؟ ﻗﺎل‬: ‫ﺑﻜﺮ‬

Òebx BmivC‡j cyiæl gwnjv GK mv‡_ (gmwR‡`) bvgvh Av`vq KiZ| AZtci

7 D¤§yj gywgbxb Av‡qkv web‡Z Avey eKi wmÏxK ivwh.| wZwb wnRi‡Zi c~‡e© g°vq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 58 wnRixi
17B ighvb g`xbvq B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 612
8 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 869; mnxn gymwjg: n`xm bs 445

:‫( ﺑﺎب ﺧﺮوج اﻟﻨﺴﺎء إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ واﻟﻐﻠﺲ‬۱۳٧٩.‫ ط‬،‫ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬،‫ دار اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬۳٥۰/۲) «‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ »ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري‬9
.‫أﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
10 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 3/149 nv`xm bs 5114, gvRwj‡m Bjgx, KivPx
11 Avey Avãyi ingvb Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ûhvBjx ivwh.| dKxn mvnvex wQ‡jb| nhiZ Igi ivwh. Zuv‡K Kzdvq gyAvwjøg

wn‡m‡e †cÖiY K‡ib| Zuvi I Ab¨vb¨ mvnvevi cÖ‡Póvq Kzdv Bj‡gi kn‡i cwiYZ nq| wZwb g`xbvq 32 wnRix‡Z
B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 605; wdKû Avnwjj BivK: 51
.‫ روى ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫( ﺑﺎب ﺧﺮوج اﻟﻨﺴﺎء إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ واﻟﻐﻠﺲ‬۳٥۰/۲) «‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ »ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري‬12
 gmwR` I C`Mv‡n gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z AskMªnY 51
(Zv‡`i gv‡S G †dZbv †`Lv w`‡jv †h) †Kv‡bv gwnjvi AšÍi½ cyiæl eÜz _vKZ, †m
Zvi eÜzi Rb¨ DuPy cv`yKv cwiavb K‡i j¤^v n‡Zv (hv‡Z eÜz Zv‡K wP‡b wb‡Z cv‡i)
d‡j Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i Dci FZzmªve Pvwc‡q w`‡q‡Qb| G Kvi‡YB Be‡b gvmD`
ivwh. ej‡Zb, Zv‡`i‡K wcwQ‡q `vI †hgb Avjøvn Zv‡`i‡K wcwQ‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Avgiv
Avey eKi ivwh.†K wRÁvmv Kijvg, Kv‡jevBb Kx? wZwb e‡jb, Kv‡Vi DuPy cv`yKv|Ó13
D³ nv`xm Øviv eySv hvq †h, gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` I C`Mv‡n Avmvi Kvi‡Y †dZbvi
Avk¼v _vKvq mvnvevMYI N‡i bvgvh covi cÖwZ ZvKx` w`‡q‡Qb| †hgb Avey Avgi
kvBevbx ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
14
.‫ اﺧﺮﺟﻦ إﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻜﻦ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻟﻜﻦ‬:‫أﻧﻪ رأى ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻳﺨﺮج اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ وﻳﻘﻮل‬
ÒwZwb Be‡b gvmD` ivwh.†K RygÔAvi w`‡b gwnjv‡`i‡K gmwR` †_‡K G K_v e‡j
†ei K‡i w`‡Z †`‡L‡Qb, †Zvgiv N‡i wd‡i hvI, GUvB †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ DËg n‡e|Ó15
nhiZ Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. Gi Avgj Av‡iv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-
16
.‫ﻛﺎن اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد  ﻳﺤﺼﺐ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻬﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬
ÒBe‡b gvmD` ivwh. RygÔAvi w`b gwnjv‡`i‡K KsKi wb‡¶c Ki‡Zb Ges Zv‡`i‡K
gmwR` †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡Zb|Ó17
nhiZ bv‡d ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
18.‫اﻟﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺨﺮج ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻪ ﻓﻲ‬
ÒBe‡b Igi ivwh.19 Zuvi ¯¿xMY‡K `yB C‡`i bvgv‡h †ei n‡Z w`‡Zb bv|Ó20
GQvov Av‡iv A‡bK `jxj i‡q‡Q, †h¸‡jvi gva¨‡g cÖgvwYZ nq †h, mvnvev ivwh.
gwnjv‡`i‡K C`Mvnmn me ai‡bi RvgvÔAv‡Z AskMÖnY Kiv‡K AcQ›` Ki‡Zb|
GLv‡b Av‡iKwU welq j¶Yxq †h, wKQz nv`xm Øviv gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` RvgvÔAv‡Z
Dcw¯’Z nIqvi welqwU eySv hvq| wKš‘ †mLv‡bI j¶Yxq †h, ivm~j gwnjv‡`i‡K
m‡¤^vab K‡i RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqvi wb‡`©k †`bwb| eis cyiæl‡`i‡K e‡j‡Qb,
hw` gwnjviv Dcw¯’Z nIqvi AbygwZ Pvq, Zvn‡j †Zvgiv Zv‡`i‡K evav w`‡qv bv|
13 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 3/149 nv`xm bs 5115 gvRwj‡m Bjgx, KivPx
‫ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ‬،«‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬۱٤۱۲ .‫ ط‬،‫ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺧﺮوج اﻟﻨﺴﺎء إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ )دار اﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬،«‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬14
.‫ﻣﻮﺛﻘﻮن‬
15 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 3/173, gvRwj‡m Bjgx, KivPx

.‫ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬۱٧۳/۳ «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ‬16

17 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: 5/202, nv`xm bs 7699

«‫ وﺣﺴﻦ ﻟﻪ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬،«‫ ذﻛﺮﻩ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺜﻘﺎت‬،‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ« و رﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬18
(٤٤۲)
19 Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi Be‡b LvËve Avj KzivBkx ivwh.| wZwb 73 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 605
20 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: 4/234, nv`xm bs 5845
52 `imyj wdK&n
†hgb Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi ivwh. e‡jb-
.‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻘﻮل ﻻ ﺗﻤﻨﻌﻮا ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ اذا اﺳﺘﺄذﻧﻜﻢ اﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬
ÒAvwg ivm~j -†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, hLb †Zvgv‡`i ¯¿xMY gmwR‡` hvIqvi
AbygwZ Pvq, ZLb †Zvgiv Zv‡`i‡K evav w`‡qv bv|Ó21
wKQz nv`x‡m AbygwZ PvIqvi welqwU D‡jøwLZ bv n‡jI D³ nv`xm Øviv H nv`xm¸‡jvi
e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡e|
†gvUK_v, RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqvi wel‡q cyiæl I gwnjv GK bq| GKw`‡K
cyiæl‡`i‡K gmwR‡` bvgvh covi †Rvi ZvKx` †`qv n‡q‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K gwnjv‡`i‡K
N‡i bvgvh covi Drmvn †`qv n‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz gwnjviv cÖvK…wZKfv‡eB wbqwš¿Z RvwZ
hv‡`i mshwgZ Pjv-‡div wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ wbivc`, cyiæl‡`i Rb¨I k„•Ljvi KviY|
Kvi‡Y GKvwaK nv`x‡m ivm~j gwnjv‡`i‡K Pjv-‡divi †¶‡Î mshgx nIqvi
ZvKx` w`‡q‡Qb| GgbwK Zviv N‡ii evB‡i G‡j wewfbœ †dZbv nIqvi Avk¼viI
Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb| ZvB gwnjv‡`i N‡i Bev`Z Kiv wbivc` I DËg| †hgb Be‡b gvmD`
ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ إﻧﻚ ﻻ‬:‫ ﻓﻴﻘﻮل‬،‫ ﻓﻴﺴ ــﺘﺸ ــﺮﻓﻬﺎ اﻟﺸ ــﻴﻄﺎن‬،‫ وﻣﺎ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺄس‬،‫ وإن اﻟﻤﺮأة ﻟﺘﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬،‫إﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﻨﺴ ــﺎء ﻋﻮرة‬
،‫ أﻋﻮد ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎ أو أﺷﻬﺪ ﺟﻨﺎزة‬:‫ أﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻳﺪﻳﻦ؟ ﻓﺘﻘﻮل‬:‫ وإن اﻟﻤﺮأة ﻟﺘﻠﺒﺲ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻘﺎل‬،‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ إﻻ أﻋﺠﺒﺘﻪ‬
22.‫ وﻣﺎ ﻋﺒﺪت اﻣﺮأة رﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﺜﻞ أن ﺗﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬،‫أو أﺻﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ‬

Òwbðq bvix RvwZ AveiYxq| Avi hw` gwnjviv kixÔAvZ cwicš’x †Kv‡bv Dcvq-
DcKiY Aej¤^b bv K‡i (A_©vr myMwÜ, mvR-m¾v BZ¨vw`) ¯^xq Ni †_‡K †ei nq
ZeyI kqZvb Zvi w`‡K †PvL Zz‡j ZvKvq Ges Zv‡K j¶¨ K‡i ej‡Z _v‡K, wbðq
Zzwg hvi cvk w`‡q AwZµg Ki bv †Kb †m †Zvgv‡K cQ›` Ki‡e| Avi †Kv‡bv gwnjv
hLb (evwo †_‡K †ei nIqvi Rb¨) †cvlvK cwiavb K‡i ZLb Zv‡K †KD wRÁvmv
Ki‡jv †h, Zzwg †Kv_vq hv”Q? †m e‡j, Avwg Amy¯’ e¨w³i †mev-ïkÖælvi Rb¨ hvw”Q|
A_ev e‡j, Rvbvhvi bvgv‡h kixK n‡Z hvw”Q| wKsev e‡j, †Kv‡bv gmwR‡` bvgvh
co‡Z hvw”Q (A_©vr †m wewfbœ cÖKvi †bK Kv‡Ri D‡Ï‡k¨ Ni †_‡K †ei nq) A_P
gwnjviv N‡ii cÖ‡Kv‡ô Ae¯’vb K‡i †hiƒc Avcb cÖfzi Bev`Z Ki‡Z cv‡i Z`ªƒc
DËg Bev`Z Avi †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó23
K‡qKwU nv`x‡m gwnjv‡`i C‡`i Rvgv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqvi wb‡`©k i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ C‡`i
bvgv‡h Dcw¯’Z nIqvi †h wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv A‡bKUvB bvgvh wk¶v, Øxbx

21 mnxn gymwjg: 1/183

.‫ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت‬،«‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬۲۱۱٨) «‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬22
23 Avj gyÔRvgyj Kvexi, Zevivbx: nv`xm bs 9367, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb| Avjøvgv nvBQvgx ivn.
GB nv`x‡mi ivex‡`i‡K wbf©i‡hvM¨ e‡j‡Qb|
 gmwR` I C`Mv‡n gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z AskMªnY 53
Av‡jvPbv I `yÔAvq kwiK nIqvi Rb¨| G Kvi‡YB nv‡qhv gwnjv hvi Dci bvgvh
IqvwRe bq Zv‡KI C`Mv‡n Dcw¯’Z nIqvi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q|
DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K ¯úó nq †h, gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` Dcw¯’Z nIqv Avek¨Kxq
bq| G wel‡q cÖwm× Pvi Bgv‡gi wØgZ †bB| Z‡e Zuviv G wel‡qI GKgZ †h,
gwnjv‡`i N‡i bvgvh cov DËg| nu¨v, hw` GiciI †Kv‡bv gwnjv gmwR‡` Avm‡Z
Pvq, Zvn‡j Avm‡Z cvi‡e Kx bv G‡¶‡Î Bgvg‡`i gv‡S wKQzUv wØgZ i‡q‡Q, hvi
mvims‡¶c wb‡gœ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv-
BgvgM‡Yi e³e¨
1. nvbvdx gvhnve: Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn.24 e‡jb-
‫ وﻻ ﺑﺄس ﻟﻠﻌﺠﻮز أن ﺗﺨﺮج‬.‫وﻳﻜﺮﻩ ﻟﻬﻦ ﺣﻀﻮر اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺎت ﻳﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﺸﻮاب ﻣﻨﻬﻦ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻮف اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ‬
.‫ وﻫﺬا ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬،‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺠﺮ واﻟﻤﻐﺮب واﻟﻌﺸﺎء‬
‫ وﻟﻪ أن ﻓﺮط اﻟﺸﺒﻖ‬،‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻴﺪ‬.‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻓﺘﻨﺔ ﻟﻘﻠﺔ اﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ‬،‫ ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻠﻮات ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬:‫وﻗﺎﻻ‬
‫ أﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺠﺮ واﻟﻌﺸﺎء ﻫﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺘﻘﻊ اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ أن اﻟﻔﺴﺎق اﻧﺘﺸﺎرﻫﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻈﻬﺮ واﻟﻌﺼﺮ واﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬،‫ﺣﺎﻣﻞ‬
. ‫ واﻟﺠﺒﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺘﺴﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻨﻬﺎ اﻻﻋﺘﺰال ﻋﻦ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل ﻓﻼ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ‬،‫ وﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻐﺮب ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻌﺎم ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻟﻮن‬،‫ﻧﺎﺋﻤﻮن‬
Ònvbvdx gvhnv‡ei mKj BgvgM‡Yi g‡Z hyewZ‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv gvKiƒ‡n
Zvnixgx †dZbvi AvksKv _vKvi Kvi‡Y| Avi e„×v‡`i e¨vcv‡i gZwe‡iva i‡q‡Q|
Bgvg Avey nvwbdv ivn. e„×v‡`i dRi, gvMwie I Bkvi RvgvÔAv‡Z nvwRi nIqvi
AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| Avi Bgvg Avey BDmyd I gynv¤§` ivn. mKj bvgv‡Ri †¶‡Î AbygwZ
w`‡q‡Qb| Z‡e e„×v‡`i‡K mK‡jB C`Mv‡n Avmvi AbygwZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb †dZbvi
AvksKv bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y|Ó25
wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b †dZbv †e‡o hvIqvq dzKvnv‡q †Kivg e¨vcKfv‡e wb‡la K‡i _v‡Kb|
†hgb Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn.26 e‡jb-
.‫ﻋﻤﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﺄﺧﺮون اﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻟﻠﻌﺠﺎﺋﺰ واﻟﺸﻮاب ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻠﻮات ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻐﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﻔﺴﺎد ﻓﻲ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ اﻷوﻗﺎت‬
ÒcieZ©x gvkv‡qLMY wb‡lawU e¨vcK K‡i w`‡q‡Qb e„×v I hyewZ‡`i Rb¨ mKj
bvgv‡hi †¶‡Î me©`v dvmv‡`i Avwa‡K¨i Kvi‡Y|Ó27
24 Avjx Be‡b Avey eKi Be‡b Avãyj Rjxj Avj dviMvbx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn.| †n`vqv Mªš’cÖ‡YZv| bvRgyÏxb Igi
Avb bvmvdx ivn. Zuvi D¯Ívh wQ‡jb Ges kvgmyj AvB¤§v Avj Kvi`vix I RvjvjyÏxb gvngy` Bebyj ûmvBb cÖgyL Zuvi
QvÎ| wZwb 593 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb nvbvdx wdK‡ni A‡bK †L`gZ K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi Agi iPbv ÔAvj
†n`vqvÕ Bmjvgx AvBb kv‡¯¿i †idv‡iÝ eyK wn‡m‡e me©Rb ¯^xK…Z| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 1/720 -Avj dvIqvwq`yj
evwnq¨v: 141-142
25 †n`vqv: 1/126, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
26 gynv¤§v` Be‡b Avãyj Iqv‡n` Be‡b Avãyj nvgx` KvgvjyÏxb ivn.| wZwb Be‡b ûgvg bv‡g cÖwm×| Zvdmxi, nv`xm,

wdKn, Dm~j, bvû, gvbwZK, Kvjvgmn A‡bK kv‡¯¿i Bgvg wQ‡jb| Zuvi me‡P‡q weL¨vZ MÖš’ n‡jv ÔdvZûj Kv`xi
kiûj wn`vqvÕ| wZwb 861 wnRixi 7B ighvb ïµevi B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj dvIqv‡q`yj evwnq¨v: 180
27 dvZûj Kv`xi: 1/376, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
54 `imyj wdK&n
dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
‫ ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺎﻓﻲ وﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺎر ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ‬،‫ ﻟﻈﻬﻮر اﻟﻔﺴﺎد‬،‫واﻟﻔﺘﻮى اﻟﻴﻮم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﺮاﻫﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ اﻟﺼﻠﻮات‬
.‫اﻟﺘﺒﻴﻴﻦ‬
ÒeZ©gv‡b dvZIqv n‡jv, (gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z kixK nIqv e¨vcv‡i mKj bvgv‡hi
†¶‡ÎB Zv gvKiæn, †dZbv-dvmv` cÖKvk cvIqvi Kvi‡Y| Avi GUvB MÖnY‡hvM¨
gZ|Ó28
2. gv‡jKx gvhnve: gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ C`Mv‡n wKsev gmwR‡` Avmvi
e¨vcv‡i gv‡jKx gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× wKZve Avk kviûj Kvexi MÖ‡š’ Bgvg gv‡jK ivn.
Gi gZvgZ Gfv‡e D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q-
‫ وﺟﺎز ﺧﺮوج ﺷﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﺼﻼة‬.‫ ﻓﺎﻟﻔﺮض أوﻟﻰ‬،‫وﺟﺎز ﺧﺮوج ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻟﺔ ﻻ إرب ﻟﻠﺮﺟﺎل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻟﻌﻴﺪ و اﺳﺘﺴﻘﺎء‬
‫ ﺟﺎز‬:‫ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺪﺳﻮﻗﻲ‬.‫ وإﻻ ﺣﺮم‬...‫ وأن ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺨﺸﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺸﺮط ﻋﺪم اﻟﻄﻴﺐ واﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ ﺷﺎﺑﺔ أي ﻏﻴﺮ ﻓﺎرﻫﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺒﺎب‬:‫ وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬.‫ﺧﺮوج ﻣﺘﺠﺎﻟﺔ أي ﺟﻮازا ﻣﺮﺟﻮﻋﺎ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ أﻧﻪ ﺧﻼف اﻷوﻟﻰ‬
‫ ﻟﺼﻼة اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ أي ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ واﻟﻌﻴﺪ واﻻﺳﺘﺴﻘﺎء؛ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ‬:‫ وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬.‫ وأﻣﺎ اﻟﻔﺎرﻫﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺨﺮج أﺻﻼ‬،‫واﻟﻨﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬
.‫ﻣﻈﻨﺔ اﻻزدﺣﺎم‬
ÒGgb e„×v hvi cÖwZ cyiæl‡`i ˆRweK Pvwn`v Aewkó †bB Zvi Rb¨ C` I Bm‡ZmKvi
bvgv‡h Dcw¯’Z nIqv ˆea| myZivs dih bvgv‡hi RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv †Zv Zvi
Rb¨ Av‡iv mvaviY welq| hyeZx †g‡qi Rb¨ RvgvÔAv‡Z kwiK nIqvi D‡Ï‡k¨
gmwR‡` hvIqv wKQz kZ© mv‡c‡¶ ˆea| †hgb, †Kv‡bv ai‡bi myMwÜ I mvR-m¾v MÖnY
Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Zvi Dci †dZbvi Avk¼v _vK‡Z cvi‡e bv BZ¨vw`| Dc‡iv³
kZ©¸‡jv cvIqv bv †M‡j Zv‡`i Rb¨ gmwR‡` Mgb Kiv nvivg| Bgvg `ymyKx ivn.
e‡jb, e„×v‡`i Rb¨ gmwR` I C`Mv‡n hvIqv ˆea n‡jI Zv AbyËg| Avi hyeZx †g‡q
ej‡Z †h †g‡q my›`i I m¤£všÍ bq| †Kbbv iƒceZx m¤£všÍ hyeZxi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv
RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv Rv‡qh †bB| Avi RvgvÔAvZ RygyÔAv, C` I Bm‡ZmKv
e¨ZxZ cuvP Iqv³ bvgv‡hi RvgvÔAvZ D‡Ï‡k¨| †Kbbv Zv‡Z (C`, RygÔAv I
Bm‡ZmKv) wfo _vKvi m¤¢vebv †ewk|Ó29
3. kv‡dÔqx gvhnve: kv‡dÔqx gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× dKxn I gynvwÏm Bgvg beex ivn.30
e‡jb-
‫ إن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺷﺎﺑﺔ أو ﻛﺒﻴﺮة ﺗﺸﺘﻬﻲ ﻛﺮﻩ ﻟﻬﺎ وﻛﺮﻩ‬:‫وإن أرادت اﻟﻤﺮأة ﺣﻀﻮر اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻟﻠﺼﻼة ﻗﺎل أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬

28 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/89, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

29 AvIRvhyyj gvmv‡jK: 4/106, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
30 Bgvg gwnDÏxb Avey hvKvwiqv BqvnBqv Be‡b kid Avb beex Avk kv‡dÔqx ivn.| wZwb Bgvg beex bv‡g cÖwm×|

631 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 676 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wdKn I nv`xm kv‡¯¿ A‡bK eo Bgvg wQ‡jb| Zuvi
iwPZ Ôwiqv`ym mv‡jnxbÕ me©vwaK cwVZ wKZvemg~‡ni AšÍf©y³| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 2/524
 gmwR` I C`Mv‡n gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z AskMªnY 55
.‫ وإن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﺠﻮزا ﻻ ﺗﺸﺘﻬﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ‬، ‫ﻟﺰوﺟﻬﺎ ووﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﻜﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv gwnjv gmwR‡` bvgv‡hi Rb¨ Avm‡Z Pvq, Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i dwKnMY
e‡jb, hw` †m hyewZ wKsev Ggb e„×v nq †h, Zvi cÖwZ Kvgfve m„wó nq, Zvn‡j Zvi
Rb¨ gmwR‡` Avmv gvKiƒn Ges Zvi ¯^vgx A_ev Awffve‡Ki Rb¨ Zv‡K my‡hvM †`qvI
gvKiƒn n‡e| Avi hw` †m Ggb e„×v nq, †h Zvi cÖwZ Kvgfve m„wó nq bv, Zvn‡j
Zvi Rb¨ Zv ˆea n‡e|Ó31
4. nv¤^jx gvhnve: gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` G‡m RvgvÔAv‡Z bvgvh Av`vq Kiv m¤ú‡K©
Bgvg Avng` web nv¤^j ivn.32 Gi gZ eY©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q Be‡b Kz`vgv ivn. e‡jb-
‫وﺻﻼﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬...
‫وﻳﺒﺎح ﻟﻬﻢ ﺣﻀﻮر اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل؛ ﻷن اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻛﻦ ﻳﺼﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﻊ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫ﺧﻴﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ وأﻓﻀﻞ‬
Ògwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv ˆea| Z‡e N‡i bvgvh cov Zv‡`i Rb¨
DËg|Ó33
Avi gwnjv‡`i C`Mv‡n G‡m C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq Kivi e¨vcv‡i Zuvi gZvgZ e¨³
Ki‡Z wM‡q Zvi †Q‡j Aveyj dRj mv‡jn ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺠﺒﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ زﻣﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﻫﺬا؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻓﺘﻨﺔ‬:‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ أﺑﻲ ﺳﺌﻞ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻦ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ؟ ﻗﺎل‬
ÒAvgvi wcZv‡K cÖkœ Kiv n‡jv †h, gwnjv‡`i C`Mv‡n hvIqvi e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi
gZvgZ Kx? Dˇi wZwb e‡jb, G hy‡M gwnjv‡`i C`Mv‡n hvIqv Avgvi wbKU cQ›`bxq
bq|Ó34
gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` Mg‡bi kZ©mg~n
gnvbex gwnjv‡`i‡K cyiæl‡`i b¨vq †Kv‡bv kZ© QvovB ¯^vaxbfv‡e gmwR‡`
Avmvi AbygwZ †`bwb| eis mywba©vwiZ I mycÖwZwôZ wKQz kZ© mv‡c‡¶ Zv‡`i
gmwR‡` Avmvi AbygwZ †`b| wb‡¤œ Zv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
1. Lykey RvZxq †Kv‡bv `ªe¨ e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| G m¤ú‡K© hqbe ivwh. eY©bv
K‡ib-
.‫ﺗﻤﺲ ﻃﻴﺒﺎ‬
ّ ‫إذا ﺷﻬﺪت إﺣﺪاﻛﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻓﻼ‬
ÔÔ‡Zvgv‡`i †KD hLb gmwR‡` Avmvi B”Qv Ki‡e, ZLb †m Lykey e¨envi Ki‡e

31 Avj gvRgy kiûj gynvh&hve: 4/198, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

32 Bgvg Avey Avwãjøvn Avngv` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b nv¤^j Avk kvBevbx Avj gviIqvhx Avj evM`v`x ivn.| Avng`
Be‡b nv¤^j bv‡g cÖwm×| 164 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 241 wnRix m‡b evM`v‡` B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| nv¤^jx
gvhnv‡ei m¤^Ü Zuvi w`‡KB Kiv nq| Zuvi iwPZ Ôgymbv`Õ nv`xm kv‡¯¿i wekvj fvÐvi| -Avi wimvjvZzj gymZvZivdv:
18
33 Avj gyMbx: 2/36, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
34 gvmv‡q‡j Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j: 1/128
56 `imyj wdK&n
bv|Ó35
D‡jøL¨, c~‡e© e¨enviK…Z Lykeyi NªvY we`¨gvb _vK‡j Zv wb‡qI gmwR‡` Avmv hv‡e
bv|
2. †Kv‡bv cÖKvi mvR-m¾v MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
36
.‫ ﻻ ﺗﻤﻨﻌﻮا إﻣﺎء اﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻴﺨﺮﺟﻦ وﻫﻦ ﺗﻔﻼت‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
Ò†Zvgiv Avjøvni evu`x‡`i‡K Avjøvni N‡i †h‡Z evav w`‡qv bv| hw` mvR-m¾v I
Lykey Qvov †ei nq|ÕÕ37
3. cyiæl‡`i mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv bv n‡Z n‡e| gwnjviv cyiæl‡`i wcQ‡b _vK‡e| Be‡b
gvmD` ivwh. e‡jb, 38‫ أﺧﺮوﻫﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ أﺧﺮﻫﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ‬Ò†Zvgiv Zv‡`i‡K wcwQ‡q `vI, †hfv‡e
Avjøvn Zv‡`i‡K wcwQ‡q w`‡q‡Qb|Ó39
4. †Kv‡bv ai‡bi †dZbvi Avk¼v bv _vK‡Z n‡e|
ivm~j Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-
40.‫اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻮت ﺧﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ‬
ÔÔgywg‡bi Rb¨ †dZbvq cov †_‡K g„Zz¨eiY KivB DËg|Ó41
G¸‡jv n‡jv †gŠwjK kZ©, ZvB G¸‡jvi †Kv‡bv GKwU Qz‡U †M‡j gwnjv‡`i Rb¨
gmwR‡` Avmv ˆea n‡e bv|
Avi eZ©gv‡b AwaKvsk gwnjvi kZ©¸‡jvi cÖwZ å懶c K‡i bv| †Kbbv Zviv evwn‡i
hvIqvi mgq Lykey I AwZwi³ mvR-m¾v K‡i; hv N‡i K‡i bv| Avevi hvgvbvi
†dZbvi K_v †Zv ejviI A‡c¶v iv‡L bv| ZvB e¨vcKfv‡e Zv‡`i wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GLv‡b g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, gwnjv‡`i †dZbvi Kvi‡Y gmwR‡` Dcw¯’Z nIqv wb‡la|
Gi A_© GB bq †h, gwnjviv KLbB gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| A‡bK mgq
mdi Ae¯’vq gwnjv‡`i bvgvh covi wfbœ †Kv‡bv RvqMv _v‡K bv| wKš‘ GB ARynv‡Z
bvgvh ev` †`qviI my‡hvM †bB| ZvB G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gmwR‡` wM‡q GK †KvYvq bvgvh
Av`vq Ki‡e|

35 mnxn gymwjg: 1/183, n`xm bs 443

(۲۲۱٤) «‫ واﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬،(۱٦٧٩) «‫ واﺑﻦ ﺧﺰﻳﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬،(٩٦٤٥) «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬36
37 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/84, nv`xm bs 565

.‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ« ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬38

39 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 3/149, nv`xm bs 5115

.‫ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬،‫ رواﻩ أﺣﻤﺪ‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬۳٩۰٤) «‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬40
41 gymbv‡` Avng`: 39/36, nv`xm bs 23625, nv`xmwU mnxn|
 gmwR` I C`Mv‡n gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z AskMªnY 57
gydZx mvC` Avng` cvjbcyix nvwdhvûjøvn42 e‡jb-
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Ògwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` RvgvÔAv‡Z nvwRi nIqv gvKiƒn| G gvmAvjv †_‡K GKwU fyj
g‡bvfve m„wó n‡q †M‡Q| gwnjviv evRv‡i, †÷k‡b I hvwÎ QvDwb‡Z _vKv Ae¯’vq
bvgv‡hi mgq n‡q †M‡j Ges bvgvh covi †Kv‡bv RvqMv cvIqv bv †M‡j ZLb Zviv
bvgvh Kvhv K‡i| gmwR‡` G‡m bvgvh Av`vq K‡i bv| †Kbbv mevi gb-gvbwmKZv
Ggb n‡q †M‡Q †h, gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` hvIqv DwPZ bq| A_P gmwR` cyiæl‡`i
RvqMxi bq| G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Zv‡`i gmwR‡` G‡m Avjv`v RvqMvq bvgvh c‡o †bIqv
Riæix| Avi NUbvµ‡g hw` gmwR‡` RvgvZ Pj‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j Zviv RvgvÔAv‡ZI
kixK n‡Z cvi‡e| †gvUK_v, bvgvh †Kv‡bv Ae¯’vq Kvhv Ki‡e bv|Ó43
cwi‡k‡l g~j e³e¨ n‡jv, gwnjv‡`i RvgvÔAv‡Z G‡m bvgvh cov bex hy‡M GKwU
AbyËg ˆea KvR wQj| †Kbbv, ivm~j gwnjv‡`‡K G e¨vcv‡i wb‡`©k †`qvi
cwie‡Z© N‡i bvgvh cov‡K DËg e‡j‡Qb| GK nv`x‡m G‡m‡Q, Ògwnjv‡`i Rb¨
eviv›`v A‡c¶v A›`i-gn‡ji bvgvh DËg Z`ycix Lvm KzVixi bvgvh m‡e©vËg|Ó44
GQvovI gwnjv‡`i gmwR‡` I C`Mv‡n RvgvÔAv‡Z Avmvi welqwU A‡bK k‡Z© kZ©hy³,
hv BwZc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi G kZ©¸‡jv mvnvex‡`i hvgvbv †_‡KB wejxb
n‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q| d‡j D¤§yj gywgbxb Av‡qkv, Igi, Be‡b Igi I Be‡b gvmD` ivwh.
cÖgyL eo eo mvnvev‡q †Kivg gwnjv‡`i‡K †h †Kv‡bv RvgvÔAv‡Z Dcw¯’Z n‡Z euvav
w`‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jb| d‡j mKj Bgv‡gi BRgv I HK¨gZ n‡jv, wK‡kvix hyewZ‡`i‡K
†Kv‡bv µ‡gB C`, RygÔAv, RvgvZ BZ¨vw`‡Z kixK n‡Z †`qv hv‡e bv| AZtci
cieZ©x dzKvnv I gvkv‡qLMY hvgvbvi †dZbv c~‡e©i mKj †iKW©‡K f½ K‡i mxgv
42 gydZx mvC` Avng` cvjbcyix nvwdhvûjøvn| ¸Riv‡Ui cvjbcyi GjvKvq 1940 Cmvqx‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| mvBwq`
AvLZvi ûmvBb †`Ie›`x, kvBL Avãyj Rjxj wKivbfx I Beivnxg †eijfx Zuvi nv`x‡mi wewkó D¯Ívh wQ‡jb|
ingvZzjøvwnj IqvwmAv, dqRyj gybCg, Rv‡g wZiwghx I mnxn eyLvixi e¨vL¨v MÖšm ’ n eû wKZve wZwb iPbv K‡i‡Qb|
eZ©gv‡b wZwb `viæj Dj~g †`Ie‡›` kvBLyj nv`xm c‡` Av‡Qb| -Avj Kvjvgyj gydx` dx Zvnixwij Avmvbx`: 527-
529
43 ZzndvZzj Kvix: 2/124, gvKZvev‡q †nRvh, †`Ie›`
44 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/84 nv`xm bs-570;

‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫( وﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع ﺷﺮح اﻟﻤﻬﺬب« ﺑﺎب ﺻﻼة اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬۱٦٩۰) «‫أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ ﺧﺰﻳﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮط ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
58 `imyj wdK&n
AwZµg Kivi Kvi‡Y e„×v‡`i DciI wb‡lavÁv Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb| Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
welq n‡jv, nv`x‡m D‡¤§ ûgvB` mn Av‡iv A‡bK nv`xm Øviv eySv hvq †h, ivm~j
Gi gvbkv I mš‘wóI wQj ZvB| myZivs Avmyb Avgiv gwnjv‡`i‡K N‡ii †Kv‡Y bvgvh
co‡Z DrmvwnZ Kwi| ivm~j Gi Av`‡k© Rxeb Mwo|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gydZ
& x I wewkó gynvwÏm gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
`viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZ
& x I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
18 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.
 59

†Kejv wba©viY c×wZ

gvIjvbv dRjyj nK gyiZvRv †gv‡gbkvnx
bvgv‡hi kZ©mg~‡ni GKwU n‡jv (‫† )اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬KejvgywL n‡q bvgvh Av`vq Kiv| GUv
GKwU e¨vcK weavb hv mviv `ywbqvi mKj gvbyl (Z_v knievmx, MÖvgevmx I g°vi
Kv‡Q ev `~‡i Aew¯’Z mK‡ji Rb¨B) dih| Z‡e `~‡i emevm Kivi Kvi‡Y KvÔevM„n
hv‡`i †Pv‡Li mvg‡b †bB Zviv KvÔevM„n wKsev gmwR‡` nviv‡gi w`‡K gyL Ki‡jB
Pj‡e| ZvB `~ieZ©x‡`i Dci †Kejv wbY©q Kiv Acwinvh© welq| G wel‡q wb‡gœ
Av‡jvPbv †ck Kiv n‡jv|
bvgv‡h †Kejv mvg‡b ivLvi ¸iæZ¡
†h e¨w³ KvÔev kixd‡K mvg‡b †i‡L bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z m¶g Zvi Rb¨ dih n‡jv
¯^qs KvÔev kixd‡K mvg‡b †i‡L bvgvh Av`vq Kiv| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv ivm~jyjøvn
†K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡jb-

 ¤£¢¡    ~}|{ zyxw

ÒGLb Avcwb gmwR`yj nviv‡gi w`‡K gyL Kiæb| Ges †Zvgiv †hLv‡bB _vK †m w`‡K
gyL Ki|Ó45
nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh.46 e‡jb-
‫ﻟﻤﺎ دﺧﻞ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
اﻟﺒﻴﺖ دﻋﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻮاﺣﻴﻪ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺧﺮج ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺧﺮج رﻛﻊ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
.‫اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ وﻗﺎل ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn hLb evBZzjøvni †fZi cÖ‡ek Ki‡jb evBZzjøvni PZzw`©‡K `yÔAv
Ki‡jb Ges bvgvh bv c‡o †ewi‡q hvb| Gici KvÔev‡K mvg‡b †i‡L `yB ivKvÔAvZ
bvgvh Av`vq K‡i e‡jb, GUvB †Kejv|Ó47
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. e‡jb-
48.‫وﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
اﺳﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬

45 m~iv evKviv: 144

46 Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm Be‡b Avãyj gyËvwje ivwh.| wZwb wnRi‡Zi wZb eQi c~‡e© g°vq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 68
wnRix m‡b Zv‡q‡d B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 604
47 mnxn eyLvix: 1/57, nv`xm bs 398, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`; mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1330

48 (۳٩٧) »‫ ورواﻩ اﻹﻣﺎم ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻻ ﻓﻲ «ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬، ‫أوردﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻓﻲ «ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ» ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎن‬
60 `imyj wdK&n
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, †KejvgywL nI Ges ZvKexi e‡jv|Ó49
Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﺛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﺑﻤﻜﺔ ﻓﻔﺮﺿﻪ إﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬
Òhviv g°vq _vK‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨ dih n‡jv ¯^qs Kvev kixd‡K mvg‡b wb‡q bvgvh
Av`vq Kiv|Ó50
`~ieZ©x‡`i †¶‡Î †Kejv wbY©q
hviv `~ieZx© kni ev MÖv‡g Ae¯’vb K‡i, evBZzjøvn †`L‡Z cvq bv Zv‡`i Rb¨ weavb
n‡jv, Kgc‡¶ †Kejvi w`K wbY©q K‡i †m w`‡K `uvwo‡q bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
wb‡gœ w`K wbY©q m¤ú‡K© wKQz Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
g~j Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© Avgv‡`i Rvbv cÖ‡qvRb †h, kixÔAv‡Zi mKj ûKz‡gi wfwË
mnRZvi Dci| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb-

  ®¬«ª© ¨§
ÒAvjøvn ZvÔAvjv †Kv‡bv e¨w³i Dci Zvi mv‡a¨i evwn‡i †Kv‡bv wKQz Av‡ivwcZ K‡ib
bv|Ó51
DwjøwLZ AvqvZ Øviv eySv †M‡jv †h, kixÔAv‡Zi mKj weavb gvby‡li mv‡a¨i †fZi|
Avi bvgvh, †ivhv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Ggb ûKzg hv my¯’gw¯Í¯‹ cÖvßeq®‹ mKj gymjgv‡bi
Dci dih| †m †hLv‡bB (A_©vr kni, MÖvg, cvnvo-ce©Z, giæfzwg ev mgy`ª-‰mK‡Z)
emevm KiæK|
ZvB Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv bvgvh I †ivhvi mg‡qi wfwË m~‡h©i D`q, A¯Í I m~‡h©i Qvqv
cieZx© jvwjgv BZ¨vw` mnR I evwn¨K wb`k©‡bi Dci †i‡L‡Qb|
AZGe, hviv mivmwi evBZzjøvn †`L‡Z cvb bv Zv‡`i Rb¨ mivmwi †Kejv bv n‡jI
†Kejvi w`K mvg‡b _vK‡Z n‡e| GLb cÖkœ †_‡K hvq †h, †Kejvi w`K wKfv‡e wbY©q
Kiv n‡e| G‡¶‡Î Avgiv me©cÖ_g †`L‡ev †h, mvnvev‡q †Kivg `~i `~iv‡šÍ Øxb cÖPv‡ii
Rb¨ mdi K‡i‡Qb Ges A‡bK mvnvex wewfbœ †`‡k evm¯’vbI K‡i‡Qb| m‡e©vcwi ivm~j
`~i †`‡k wRnv` Ki‡Z †h‡Zb| ZLb Zuviv †Kejv wbY©‡qi †h c×wZ Aej¤^b

49 mnxn eyLvix: 1/57, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

50 †n`vqv: 1/97, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
51 m~iv evKviv: 286
 †Kejv wba©viY c×wZ 61
K‡i‡Qb `~ieZ©x †h †Kv‡bv e¨w³i Rb¨ Zv n‡e Av`k© I AbymiYxq| nv`xm Ges
AvQv‡i mvnvev †_‡K eySv hvq †h, Zuviv †Kejv wbY©q Ki‡Zb ÔZvnviixÕ (Abygvb)
K‡i| Avi GZUzKz myweav KziAvb †_‡KI Abyaveb Kiv hvq| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv`
K‡ib-

 ¤£¢¡    ~}|{ zyxw

ÒGLb Avcwb gmwR`yj nviv‡gi w`‡K gyL Kiæb| Ges †Zvgiv †hLv‡bB _vK †m w`‡K
gyL Ki|Ó52
D³ Avqv‡Z KvÔev A_ev evBZzjøvn ejvi cwie‡Z© gmwR‡` nvivg e‡j G w`‡K Bw½Z
Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, `~ieZ©x †`kmg~‡n emevmKvix‡`i c‡¶ ûeû KvÔevM„n eivei `uvov‡bv
Riæix bq| eis c~e©-cwðg, DËi-`w¶‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K †hw`‡K KvÔev Aew¯’Z †mw`‡K
gyL Ki‡jB h‡_ó n‡e|53
Avãyjøvn Be‡b Av‡gi Be‡b ivexÔAv Zvi wcZvi m~‡Î eY©bv K‡i e‡jb-
‫ﻛﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻈﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻧﺪر أﻳﻦ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ رﺟﻞ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ أﺻﺒﺤﻨﺎ‬
54 mlkjih ‫ذﻛﺮﻧﺎ ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻨـﺰل‬
ÒAvgiv ivm~j Gi mv‡_ AÜKvi iv‡Z mdiiZ wQjvg| Avgv‡`i Kv‡iv †Kejvi
w`K Rvbv wQ‡jv bv weavq cÖ‡Z¨‡K wbR Abygvb Abyhvqx bvgvh Av`vq K‡i wb‡q‡Q|
AZtci †fv‡i welqwU ivm~jyjøvn †K Rvbv‡j (KziAv‡bi GB AvqvZ) AeZxY©
nq, Ô‡Zvgiv †hw`‡KB gyL wdivI †mw`‡KB Avjøvn Av‡Qb|Ó55
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺮق واﻟﻤﻐﺮب ﻗﺒﻠﺔ‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, (g`xbvevmxi) †Kejv c~e© cwð‡gi gv‡S A_©vr `w¶Y

52 m~iv evKviv: 144

53 msw¶ß evsjv gvÔAvwidzj KziAvb:72, (†mŠ`x bymLv); `ªóe¨, kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 1/568, gvKZvevZzj Kvixwgqv
†Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
،‫ ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘﺒﺎن ﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺻﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬،‫ إذا ﺻﻠﻰ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﻴﻢ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬، ‫ ﻗﺪ ذﻫﺐ أﻛﺜﺮ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ إﻟﻰ ﻫﺬا‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي‬54
‫( وﻗﺪ‬۲۰٦/۱) «‫ واﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرك‬.‫ﻓﺈن ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﺟﺎﺋﺰة وﺑﻪ ﻳﻘﻮل ﺳﻔﻴﺎن اﻟﺜﻮري واﺑﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﺎرك وأﺣﻤﺪ وإﺳﺤﺎق‬
(۱٧٧/۲) «‫ﺣﺴﻨﻪ اﻟﺸﻴﺦ أﺣﻤﺪ ﺷﺎﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح »ﺳﻨﻦ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي‬
55 Rv‡g wZiwghx: nv`xm bs 346
62 `imyj wdK&n
w`K|Ó56
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn.57 e‡jb-
‫ وﻫﺬا ﺧﻼف ﻣﺎ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺑﻜﺮ اﻟﺮازي ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﺎرﻳﺐ‬...‫وﻣﺤﺎرﻳﺐ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺮي ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻨﻰ‬
.‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﻲ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ أﻧﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻮع ﺑﻪ‬
ÒgmwR‡` beex e¨ZxZ `ywbqvi mKj †gnive ev gmwR` Abygv‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i
wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q, GgbwK wgbvÕi gmwR`I| †Kbbv ivm~jyjvø n gyÔ‡Rhv ¯^iƒc
evBZzjøvn‡K †`‡L gmwR‡` beexi wfwË ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb|Ó58
Rgû‡i D¤§Z G wel‡q GKgZ †h, `ywbqvi mKj gmwR‡`i †Kejvi w`K wPšÍv fvebv
I Abygv‡bi gva¨‡g ¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q gmwR‡` beex e¨ZxZ| KviY Zv ¯’vcb Kivi
mgq Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv evBZzjøvn‡K ivm~j Gi mvg‡b †i‡L‡Qb gyÔ‡Rhv ¯^iƒc|
ivm~j Zv †`‡L gmwR‡` beexi wfwË ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb|
nhiZ Igi ivwh. Gi kvmbvg‡j mKj Bmjvgx mvgªv‡R¨i cÖ‡Z¨K kvLvi Mfb©‡ii
wbKU wZwb GB g‡g© digvb cvVv‡jb †h, cÖwZwU kvLvq †hb gmwR` wbg©vY Kiv nq|
miKvix Kg©KZ©vMY Zuvi wb‡`©k Abyhvqx KvR Ki‡jb| wKš‘ †Kejvi w`K wbY©‡qi Rb¨
nhiZ Dgi ivwh. ev Mfb©iiv h‡š¿i e¨e¯’v K‡ibwb Ges †Kv‡bv AsKkv¯¿I e¨envi
K‡ibwb|59
‫ واﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺼﺎر واﻟﻘﺮى اﻟﻤﺤﺎرﻳﺐ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺼﺒﻬﺎ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ واﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﻮن ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬،‫ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﺗﻌﺮف ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‬
.‫اﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﻢ‬
ÒKvÔevi w`K wbY©q Kiv hvq wb`k©b ev `jx‡ji gva¨‡g| Avi kni I MÖv‡g (†Kejvi
w`K wbY©‡qi) wb`k©b n‡jv mvnvev‡q †Kivg I Zv‡eqxM‡Yi wbwg©Z †gnive ev gmwR`
mg~n| myZivs Zv‡`i AbymiY Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Acwinvh©|Ó60
.‫وﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﺗﻌﺮف ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ )إﻟﻰ أن ﻗﺎل( ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻨﺎ اﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻤﺤﺎرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ‬

56 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 1/79, nv`xm bs 345, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`; Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K mnxn
e‡j‡Qb|
57 hvBbyÏxb Be‡b Beivnxg Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b Avey eKi Be‡b byRvBg Avj wgmix ivn.| wZwb 926

wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 970 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb wdKn kv‡¯¿i A‡bK MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Gi
g‡a¨ ÔAvj evniæi iv‡qKÕ I ÔAvj Avkevn Iqvb bvhv‡qiÕ Ab¨Zg| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 1/378
58 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 1/500, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
59 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 2/382, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb; Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 2/325
60 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/120, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 †Kejv wba©viY c×wZ 63
ÒAvi KvÔev kixd ev †Kejvi w`K †Pbv hvq wb`k©‡bi gva¨‡g| myZivs Avgv‡`i Dci
c~e©eZ©x‡`i wbwg©Z †gnive mg~n‡K mvg‡b †i‡L Zv‡`i AbymiY Kiv Avek¨K|Ó61
bdj bvgvh hw` DU ev mvIqvix‡Z Av`vq Kiv nq Zvn‡j welqwU Av‡iv mnR| KviY
ZLb †Kejvi w`‡K †mvRv n‡q bvgvh ïiæ Kivi ci †Kejvi w`K wVK ivLv Riæix bq
eis mvIqvix †hw`‡K Ny‡i hvK bv †K‡bv, bvgvh bó n‡e bv|

 mlkjih

Ò‡Zvgiv †hw`‡KB gyL wdivI †mw`‡KB Avjøvn Av‡Qb|Ó62

nhiZ Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh.63 eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻛﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ راﺣﻠﺘﻪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺖ ﻓﺈذا أراد اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﻧﺰل ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn mvIqvix‡Z Av‡ivnY Ae¯’vq bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Zb, mvIqvix
†hw`‡KB Ny‡i _vK bv †Kb| Z‡e dih bvgvh Av`v‡qi Rb¨ mvIqvix †_‡K †b‡g
wKejvgywL n‡q `uvov‡Zb|Ó64
ejvevûj¨ †h, Zvnviix ev Abygvb wbðq †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv GKwU AvjvgZ wbf©i n‡e|
†hgb m~h©, P›`ª ev ZviKv A_ev Av‡iv hv wKQz AvjvgZ nIqvi Dchy³ Zv †Kejv
wbY©‡qi †¶‡Î e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| KZUzKzi gv‡S _vK‡j GKRb e¨w³‡K ejv
hv‡e †m †Kejvi w`‡K Av‡Q Zv mn‡R †evSvi Rb¨ wb‡gœ wWwMÖi wnmve Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
wWwMÖi cwiPq
wWwMÖ †evSvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i cÖ_‡g ¯^iY ivL‡Z n‡e, c„w_exi †gŠwjK w`K PviwU| DËi,
`wÿY, c~e© I cwðg| GB w`K¸‡jvi AvqZb I cwiwa wbY©q Kivi Rb¨ GKwU †Mvj
e„Ë AvKv nq| GB e„‡Ëi Pvwiw`‡Ki gv‡Si ¯’vb wbY©‡qi Rb¨ `ywU †iLv Uvbv nq|
GKwU‡K Ôwelye †iLvÕ I Ab¨wU‡K ÔwMÖwbP †iLvÕ ejv nq|
DËi I `w¶‡Yi gv‡Si ¯’vb wbY©‡qi Rb¨ gvS eivei ‡h KwíZ †iLv Uvbv nq, Zv‡K
welye †iLv e‡j| Avi c~e© I cwð‡gi gvSvgvwS AÂj wbY©‡qi Rb¨ †h †iLv Uvbv nq
Zv‡K wMÖwbP †iLv e‡j|

61 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 1/496, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

62 m~iv evKviv: 115
63 Avey Avãyjøvn Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn Avj Avbmvix Avm myjvgx ivwh.| wZwb AwaK nv`xm eY©bvKvix‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K

GKRb| wZwb ev‡ivwU hy‡× ivm~j mv. Gi mv‡_ kwiK wQ‡jb| 74 wnRix‡Z 94 eQi eq‡m g`xbvq B‡šÍKvj K‡ib|
64 mnxn eyLvix: 1/58, nv`xm bs 400, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
64 `imyj wdK&n

A
e„‡Ëi Wvb cv‡ki w`K n‡jv DËi| DËi w`‡Ki g~j †K›`ª‡K 00 wWwMÖ we‡ePbv Kiv
nq| Avi GLvb †_‡K Ab¨vb¨ w`‡Ki wWwMÖi cwigvc Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
cÖ‡Z¨K `yw`‡Ki gv‡S 900 wWwMÖ `~iZ¡ _vK‡e| myZivs Dˇii 00 wWwMÖ †_‡K c~e©
w`‡Ki g~j †K›`ª ch©šÍ 900 wWwMÖ n‡e| GB 900 wWwMÖ n‡jv c~e© w`‡Ki g~j †K›`ª|
Ggwbfv‡e c~e© w`K †_‡K `wÿY w`K ch©šÍ 900 wWwMÖ n‡e| GB 900 +900 = 1800
GwU n‡jv `wÿY w`‡Ki g~j ‡K›`ª| Abyiƒc `wÿY w`K †_‡K cwðg w`K ch©šÍI 900
wWwMÖ n‡e| Zvn‡j 1800+900= 2700 n‡jv cwðg w`‡Ki g~j †K›`ª| GB 2700
wWwMÖB n‡jv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ g~j †Kejv| Avi GB cwðg w`K †_‡K DËi ch©šÍ 900
wWwMÖ n‡e| myZivs 2700+900= 3600 wWwMÖ n‡jv c„w_exi g~j AvqZb|
Avgiv †`L‡Z †cjvg, cvkvcvwk `yw`‡Ki gv‡S `~iZ¡ n‡jv 900 wWwMÖ| GB 900 wWwMÖi
A‡a©K (Z_v 450 wWwMÖ) cvk¦©eZ©x cÖ‡Z¨K w`‡Ki Ask e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| †hgb,
cwðg †_‡K DËi 900 wWwMÖ; Gi gv‡S 450 wWwMÖ cwð‡gi Ask I evwK 450 wWwMÖ
Dˇii Ask| Avi cÖ‡Z¨K w`‡Ki GB 450 wWwMÖ cwigvY ¯’vb H w`‡Ki ÔwRnvZÕ e‡j
we‡ewPZ n‡e|
m‡e©vcwi cwðg Z_v 2700 wWwMÖ n‡jv Avgv‡`i g~j †Kejv| Avi 2700 wWwMÖi Dfq
cv‡ki 450+450= 900 wWwMÖ n‡jv wRnv‡Z †Kejv| Ggwbfv‡e c„w_exi †h †Kvb
¯’v‡bi g~j †Kejv w¯’i nIqvi ci Zvi `ycv‡ki 450+450=900 wWwMÖ n‡jv wRnv‡Z
†Kejv| GB wRnv‡Z †Kejvi wfZ‡i †h †Kv‡bv w`‡K bvgvh cov ˆea n‡e|

hvB †nvK, †Kv‡bv gymwjø hw` g~j †Kejvi `yÕcv‡ki 450+450=900 wWwMÖi wfZ‡i
_v‡K, Zvn‡j Zvi bvgvh ï× n‡q hv‡e| Avi hw` 900 wWwMÖi evB‡i P‡j hvq, Zvn‡j
Zvi bvgvh bó n‡q hv‡e| 900 wWwMÖi wfZ‡i ev evB‡i _vKvi GKwU wPÎ

B
wPÎ bs 1- †mvRv †Kejv I wRnv‡Z †Kejv|
1bs gymwjøi †Kejv †mvRv †Kejv| 2 I 3 bs
gymwjøi †Kejv wRnv‡Zi †Kejvi (45 wWwMÖi)
g‡a¨| Avi 4 I 5 bs gymwjøi †Kejv wRnv‡Z
†Kejvi evB‡i|
 †Kejv wba©viY c×wZ 65
aªæe ZviKvi gva¨‡g †Kejv wbY©q K‡i †h gmwR`¸‡jvi wgnive w¯’i Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv
hw` wRnv‡Z †Kejvi ‡fZ‡i _v‡K Zvn‡j bvgvh Av`vq n‡q hv‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î AvaywbK
K¤úv‡mi wn‡me †`wL‡q SMov ev evovevwo Kiv DwPr bq| nuv, hw` wRnv‡Z †Kejvi
evwn‡i P‡j hvIqv nq ZLb ms‡kvab Ki‡Z n‡e|
eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ K¤úvm w`‡qI †Kejv wba©viY Kiv hvq| KviY K¤úv‡m †Kv‡bv GK
w`K wba©viY Kiv n‡j Ab¨ mew`KI wba©viY n‡q hvq| K¤úv‡m g~jZ DËi w`K
wba©vwiZ _v‡K| KviY c„w_exi DËi †giæ‡Z ‡jŠnvKl©K Py¤^Kxq kw³ Av‡Q| myZivs
K¤úvm w`‡q DËi w`K wba©viY Kiv n‡j cwðg w`KI wba©vwiZ n‡q hvq|
wb‡¤œ GKwU K¤úv‡mi wPÎ ‡`Iqv n‡jv (wPÎwU‡Z c~‡e©i b¨vq DËi‡K Avgiv a‡iwQ
k~b¨ wWwMÖ| Gi ci 900 wWwMÖ‡Z c~e©w`K, 1800 wWwMÖ‡Z `w¶Y w`K,
2700 wWwMÖ‡Z cwðg w`K| Avevi DËi ch©šÍ wd‡i Avm‡j 3600 wWwMÖ‡Z wM‡q
†cuŠQ‡e|)

B›Uvib¨vkbvj wk‡c e¨eüZ RvB‡iv K¤úvm e¨ZxZ Ab¨ K¤úvm Øviv †Kejv wbY©‡qi
†ÿ‡Î Avgv‡`i ¯^iY ivL‡Z n‡e, K¤úvm g¨vM‡UwbK nIqvi Kvi‡Y cÖKZ… †fŠMwjK
DËi w`K cÖ`wk©Z bv n‡q †PŠ¤^K DËi w`K cÖ`wk©Z nq| Avi †PŠ¤^K DËi w`K I
†fŠMwjK DËi w`‡Ki gv‡S wKQzUv cv_©K¨ Av‡Q| ZvB K¤úvm w`‡q cÖ_‡g ‡PŠ¤^K
DËi wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi ci †PŠ¤^K DËi †_‡K ‡fŠMwjK DËi †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|
AZ:ci †fŠ‡MvwjK DËi †_‡K AvB‡b †Kejv I wRnv‡Z †Kejv wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡e|
cvnvo-ce©Z, mgy`ª I giæf~wg‡Z †Kejv wbav©iY
G m¤ú‡K© wbf©i‡hvM¨ K_v n‡jv bxwZK_v, †hLv‡b cy‡iv‡bv gmwR` †bB †hgb mgy`ª,
giæf~wg‡Z †mLv‡b P›`ª, m~h© I ZviKv BZ¨vw` cÖwm× wb`k©‡bi gva¨‡g †Kejv wba©viY
Ki‡e| GUv mvnvev, Zv‡eqx I mvjv‡d mv‡jnx‡bi c×wZ| GgbwK P›`ª, m~h©‡K wb`k©b
wn‡m‡e e¨env‡ii K_v KziAv‡b D‡jøL n‡q‡Q| †hgb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-

 ponmlk jihgfe
66 `imyj wdK&n
ÒwZwbB †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ b¶ÎcyÄ m„Rb K‡i‡Qb- hv‡Z †Zvgiv ¯’j I R‡ji AÜKv‡i
c_ cÖvß nI|Ó65
Bgvg KvhxLvb ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﻣﺎ ﺗﻬﺘﺪون‬:‫ ﻓﺪﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ اﻟﻨﺠﻮم ﻟﻤﺎ روي ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ  أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬،‫وأﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺎر واﻟﻤﻔﺎوز‬
.‫ﺑﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬
ÒmvM‡i giæf~wg‡Z †Kejvi wb`k©b n‡”Q ZviKvivwR| ZvB Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z,
wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgiv ZviKvkv¯¿ wk¶v MÖnY Ki, hvi Øviv †Zvgiv †Kejvi w`K m¤ú‡K©
Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|Ó66
ZviKvivwRi g‡a¨ †h ZviKvwUi gva¨‡g mn‡R †Kejv wba©viY Kiv hvq Zv n‡jv
aªæeZviv| Aviex‡Z hv‡K ‫ اﻟﻨﺠﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺒﻰ‬e‡j| GB ZviKvwU cy‡iv AvKv‡k me‡P‡q †ewk
D¾¡j I DËi AvKv‡k ¯’xi nq|
wn›`y¯Ív‡b mn‡R †Kejv wba©vi‡Yi c×wZ
wn›`y¯Ívbevmx‡`i †Kejvi w`K wZbw`‡K nIqvq †Kejv wba©viY wZbfv‡e n‡q _v‡K|
1. eivei cwð‡g| 2. wKQzUv Dˇi| 3. wKQzUv `w¶‡Y| myZivs, †hLv‡b †Kejv eivei
cwð‡g †mLv‡b aªæeZviv‡K67 gv_vi gvSLvb eivei ivL‡e| Avi †hLv‡b †Kejv wKQzUv
Dˇi †mLv‡b aªæeZviv‡K gv_vi mvg‡bi As‡k ivL‡e| Avi †hLv‡b †Kejv wKQzUv
`w¶‡Y †mLv‡b aªæeZviv‡K gv_vi wcQb w`‡K ivL‡e|68
Avi m~h© †`‡L †Kejv wba©vi‡Yi c×wZ (hv wn›`y¯Ív‡bi Rb¨ DËg cš’v) eQ‡ii me
†P‡q eo w`b Z_v 22‡k Ryb Abyiƒc eQ‡ii me‡P‡q †QvU w`b Z_v 22‡k wW‡m¤^i
m~h© A¯Í hvIqvi ¯’vb †`Lv n‡e| `yB ¯’vb wbY©q Kivi c‡i Zvi ga¨eZ©x ¯’vbB n‡e
†Kejv| A_©vr G `yB ¯’v‡bi gvSvgvwS †hB byKZvwU _vK‡e †m w`‡K wd‡i bvgvh Av`vq
Ki‡j bvgvh ï× n‡q hv‡e|69
GQvov †KD †KD †Kejv wba©vi‡Y GKwU mnR c×wZ Gfv‡e e‡j _v‡Kb †h, cÖwZ eQi
27 †g I 16 RyjvB †mŠw` Avi‡ei wVK †ejv 12Uvq m~h© KvÔev eivei _v‡K| AZGe,

65 m~iv AvbÔAvg: 97
66 dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb: 1/46 `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
67 aªæeZviv, hv w`MšÍ †_‡K 23 wWwMÖ Dc‡i _v‡K| GUv XvKvi wn‡m‡e| GRb¨ †h, hZ †giæi w`‡K hv‡eb ZvivwU‡K ZZ

Dc‡ii w`‡K g‡b n‡e| DËi †giæi w`‡K †M‡j g‡b n‡e GUv gv_vi Dc‡i| D`vniY¯^iƒc: Avgiv †Kv‡bv Zviv‡K
gv_vi Dci †`Lvi ci hZ `w¶Y w`‡K hve H ZvivwU‡K Dˇii w`‡K †n‡j _vK‡Z †`L‡ev|
68 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 2/391, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
69 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 2/372, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 †Kejv wba©viY c×wZ 67
hviv wb‡Ri Ni ev gmwR‡`i †Kejv wba©viY Ki‡Z AvMÖnx Zviv D³ ZvwiL؇q †mŠw`
Avi‡ei wVK †ejv 12Uvq A_©vr evsjv‡`‡ki 3.17 wgwb‡U m~‡h©i Ae¯’v‡bi cÖwZ j¶¨
K‡i †Kejv wba©viY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †Kbbv H mg‡q cÖ‡Z¨K wRwb‡mi Qvqv †KejvgyLx
n‡q _v‡K|70
GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †Kejv wbav©i‡Yi Rb¨ AsKkv¯¿ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv hš¿
e¨envi K‡i Zvn‡j Zv Rv‡qh n‡e wK bv? Ges wba©vwiZ w`KwU MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e wKbv?
DËi: Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. G wel‡q dqmvjv w`‡Z wM‡q wj‡L‡Qb, †h mKj ¯’v‡b cy‡iv‡bv
gmwR` †bB †m mKj ¯’v‡b ZviKvivRx, AsKkv¯¿ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv hš¿ e¨envi K‡i
†Kejvi w`K wba©viY Kiv Rv‡qh Av‡Q eis DwPZ n‡jv, †h e¨w³ G kv¯¿ Rv‡b Zvi
gva¨‡g KvR †bqv| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ وﺟﻮب اﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﻨﺠﻮم وﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻔﺎزة ﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻋﻠﻤﺎءﻧﺎ وﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮة ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬
.‫اﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻓﻲ أوﻗﺎت اﻟﺼﻼة وﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬
Ògiæf~wg‡Z ZviKvivRx ev Zvi Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv e¯‘i we‡ePbv Avek¨Kxq nIqvq
DwPZ| †Kbbv, nvbvdx I Ab¨vb¨ gvhnv‡ei Ijvgv‡q †Kivg ZviKvivRx‡K MÖnY‡hvM¨
wb`k©b e‡j‡Qb| myZivs ZviKvivRxi gva¨‡g bvgv‡hi mgqm~wP I †Kejv wba©viY Kiv
DwPZ|Ó71
Avi †h ¯’v‡b cy‡iv‡bv gmwR` i‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b hvwš¿K †Kv‡bv e¯‘ Øviv †Kejv wba©vi‡Yi
†¶‡Î Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi gZ cv_©K¨ j¶¨ Kiv hvq| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫واﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ أن اﻟﺨﻼف ﻓﻲ ﻋﺪم اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻫﺎ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻨﺪ وﺟﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺎرﻳﺐ اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ إذ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز اﻟﺘﺤﺮي ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬
Òcy‡iv‡bv †gnive _vKv Ae¯’vq ZviKvivRx wb`k©b nIqvi †¶‡Î gZv‰bK¨ i‡q‡Q|
†Kbbv cy‡iv‡bv †gnive _vK‡j (†Kejvi w`K wbY©‡q) Abygv‡bi †Kv‡bv my‡hvM
†bB|Ó72
Z‡e Avnbv‡di wbKU MÖnY‡hvM¨ gZ n‡jv, gmwR‡`i AbymiY Kiv| Avjøvgv Be‡b
byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻨﺎ اﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﻢ ﻓﻰ اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻤﺤﺎرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ‬
Òc~e©eZ©x‡`i wbwg©Z †gniv‡ei AbymiY Kiv Avek¨K|Ó73

70 Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 2/357, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

71 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/112, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
72 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/112, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
73 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 1/496, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
68 `imyj wdK&n
ZvB †hLv‡b cy‡iv‡bv gmwR` Av‡Q †mLv‡b cy‡iv‡bv gmwR‡`iB AbymiY Kiv n‡e|
Avi †hLv‡b cy‡iv‡bv gmwR` †bB †mLv‡b P›`ª, m~h©, ZviKv A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv hš¿
e¨envi Kiv n‡e|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
`viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
02 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
 69

†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh

gvIjvbv Avãyj dvËvn †kicyix
gvby‡li Rxeb-giY my¯’Zv-Amy¯’Zv mewKQzB gnvb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Kz`iZx nv‡Z|
ZvB cÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡bi DwPZ n‡jv, Rxeb Pjvi c‡_ ‡m hLb †h Ae¯’vi m¤§yLxb n‡e,
mev©e¯’vq †m ZuviB weavb Rvb‡e Ges Z`byhvqx Avgj Ki‡Z m‡Pó n‡e| †Kbbv,
kixÔAvZ kvixwiK Ae¯’vi mv‡_ m½wZ eRvq †i‡L Amy¯Z ’ v I AcviMZvi mgq Zvi
Dci Awc©Z weavb KL‡bv wkw_j K‡i‡Q, KL‡bv Ae¯’vi wfwˇZ Zvi mv‡a¨i Dci
†Q‡o w`‡q‡Q| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b A‡b‡K kixÔAv‡Zi mwVK weavb bv Rvbvi Kvi‡Y KL‡bv
wkw_jZv MÖn‡Y mxgvj•Nb K‡i _v‡K| GgbwK A‡b‡K e‡j e‡m †h, ÒIh‡ii †Kv‡bv
gvmAvjv †bBÓ eis gvÕhyi e¨w³ kiÔqx ûKz‡gi AvIZvgy³| Avevi KL‡bv mnR
weavb‡K KwVb K‡i †d‡j, d‡j kixÔAv‡Zi wewfbœ weavb n‡q I‡V cÖkœwe×| A_P,
Bmjvgx kixÔAvn& GKwU cwic~Y© I mve©Rbxb Rxeb weavb| G‡Z †bB †Kv‡bv K‡VviZv,
†bB †Kv‡bv wkw_jZv| ZvB kixÔAvZ Amy¯’ e¨w³i bvgv‡hi wel‡q KZUzKz iæLmvZ ev
Qvo w`‡q‡Q Zv wb‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv AZxe Riæix|
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgv‡hi weavb
GK mgq †Zv Ggb wQ‡jv †h, gmwR‡` †Pqvi Avbv Ges Zv‡Z e‡m bvgvh covi
KíbvI Kiv †hZ bv| wKš‘ weMZ K‡qK eQ‡i gmwR‡` †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vqKvixi
msL¨v Ggb e„w× †c‡q‡Q, hv †`‡L mwZ¨ nZevK n‡Z nq| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡K †Zv
kixÔAvZm¤§Z Ih‡ii Kvi‡YB †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq K‡i| Avevi †KD
kixÔAvZm¤§Z Ihi Qvov wbQK Aviv‡gi Rb¨ Giƒc K‡i _v‡Kb| GgbwK KwZcq
gymwjø iæKz-wmR`vi gva¨‡g gvwU‡Z e‡m bvgvh Av`v‡q m¶g, GZ`m‡Ë¡I Zviv wbwØ©avq
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq K‡i P‡j‡Qb| Avi Gme Ae¯’v g~jZ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh
covi weavb bv Rvbvi Kvi‡YB n‡”Q| ZvB D³ wel‡qi kiÔqx mgvavb wb‡gœ Av‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡jv|
†h e¨w³ wKqvg, iæKz-wmR`v †Kv‡bvUvB Ki‡Z m¶g bq, †m hw` Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh
co‡Z m¶g nq, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ †hfv‡e em‡Z mnR nq †mfv‡eB Rwg‡b e‡m
Bkvivq bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e (Z‡e Zvkvnû‡`i ˆeV‡Ki b¨vq emv fv‡jv)| Gai‡bi
e¨w³i Rb¨ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh cov Rv‡qh Av‡Q Z‡e AbyËg| Avi iæKy-wmR`v Ki‡Z
m¶g e¨w³ hw` GgbwU K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi bvgvhB n‡e bv|
Z‡e n¨uv, †h e¨w³ Rwg‡b e‡m _vK‡Z m¶g bq, A_ev Zvi Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh co‡Z
Lye Kó nq| Ggb e¨w³I hw` Rwg‡b e‡m †Kv‡bv wKQzi mv‡_ †njvb w`‡q bvgvh co‡Z
m¶g nq Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ †mfv‡eB bvgvh cov DËg| Z‡e †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi
my‡hvM Av‡Q| wKš‘ Bkvivq bvgvh Av`vq Kivi Rb¨I h_vm¤¢e †Pqvi e¨envi bv Kiv
70 `imyj wdK&n
DwPZ| †Kbbv, Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh Av`vq KivB DËg I gvmb~b ZixKv| Gi DciB
mvnvev‡q †Kivg ivwh. Ges cieZx© dKxnM‡Yi Avgj P‡j Avm‡Q| LvBiæj Kziƒ‡b
†Pqv‡i bvgvh covi †Kv‡bv bhxi cvIqv hvq bv| A_P, †m hy‡M gvÔh~iI wQj, †PqviI
wQj| ZvB Bkvivq bvgvh Av`vq Kivi †¶‡ÎI h_vm¤¢e †Pqvi e¨envi bv Kiv DwPZ|
m¤¢eZ †m Kvi‡YB Amy¯’ e¨w³i wewfbœ weavb Av‡jvPbvi †¶‡Î †Pqvi ev DuPz RvqMvq
emvi welqwU Av‡jvwPZ nqwb| †hgb-
nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻧﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﻘﺔ ﺻﻠﻰ ﻧﺎﺋﻤﺎ ﻳﺆﻣﻲ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻧﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﻘﺔ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﺎ‬،‫ »ﻳﺼﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ‬: ‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
74.«‫ ﻓﺈن ﻧﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﻘﺔ ﺳﺒﺢ‬،‫ﺑﺮأﺳﻪ‬

Òivm~jyjvn e‡jb, Amy¯’ e¨w³ `uvwo‡q bvgvh co‡e| hw` G‡Z Kó nq Zvn‡j
e‡m bvgvh co‡e| hw` G‡ZI Kó nq Zvn‡j ï‡q gv_vi Bkvivq bvgvh co‡e| hw`
Zv‡ZI Kó nq Zvn‡j Zvmexn cvV Ki‡Z _vK‡e|Ó75
Avjøvgv e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ ﻳﺠﺰﺋﻪ إﻻ‬،‫ وﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺗﻜﺎء أو اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎد إﻟﻰ إﻧﺴﺎن أو ﺣﺎﺋﻂ أو وﺳﺎدة‬،‫وﻛﺬا إذا ﻋﺠﺰ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد‬
.‫ وﻟﻮ اﺳﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﻻ ﻳﺠﺰﺋﻪ‬،‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
Òhw` Amy¯’ e¨w³ wb‡Ri kw³‡Z em‡Z A¶g nq, wKš‘ †Kv‡bv wKQyi Dci †Vm jvwM‡q
A_ev gvbyl, †`qvj ev evwj‡ki mv‡_ †njvb w`‡q em‡Z m¶g nq, Zvn‡j †mfv‡eB
bvgvh co‡Z n‡e| hw` ï‡q c‡o Zvn‡j Rv‡qh n‡e bv|Ó76
DwjøwLZ `jxj؇q Amy¯’ e¨w³i wewfbœ ch©vq I Zvi weav‡bi Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘
†Pqvi ev †Kv‡bv DuPz ¯’v‡b emvi K_v D‡jøL nqwb| A_P †Pqvi ZL‡bv wQ‡jv Ges DuPz
†Kv‡bv wRwb‡mi e¨e¯’vI wQ‡jv hv Amy¯’ e¨w³i Rb¨ Avivg`vqK| wKš‘ G welqwU
Av‡jvPbv‡ZB Av‡mwb| G †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi, Amy¯’ e¨w³i Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh
Av`vq Kiv m¤¢e n‡j †Pqv‡i bv emv DËg|
`uvov‡Z A¶g wKš‘ iæKz-wmR`vq m¶g e¨w³i bvgvh
†h e¨w³ ¯^vfvweKfv‡e `uvov‡Z cv‡i bv wKš‘ iæKy-wmR`v Ki‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e jvwV,
†`qvj ev †Kv‡bv wKQzi mv‡_ †njvb w`‡q wKqv‡gi c~Y© mgq `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i,
Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ †njvb w`‡qB `uvwo‡q bvgvh cov Riæix| e‡m bvgvh co‡j bvgvh
n‡e bv| dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z Av‡Q-

:‫ ﻗﻠﺖ‬،‫ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺮو ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺞ إﻻ ﺣﻠﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﻀﺒﻌﻲ‬:‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻷوﺳﻂ« وﻗﺎل‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬۲٨٩٧) «‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬74
.‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻼة اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ‬،‫ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻮﺗﺮ‬،«‫ وﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺪارﻗﻄﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﻠﺖ‬.‫وﻟﻢ أﺟﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ وﺑﻘﻴﺔ رﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت‬
75 Avj gyÔRvgyj AvImvZ: 3/103, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
76 Avj webvqv: 2/635, gvKZvev bvCwgqv †`Ie›`; Avj evniæi iv‡qK : 2/198, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh 71
‫ وﻛﺬا ﻟﻮ ﻗﺪر أن ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻣﺘﻜﺌﺎ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ ﻣﺘﻜﺌﺎ‬
.‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﻮم وﻳﺘﻜﺊ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺼﺎ أو ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺎدم ﻟﻪ‬
Òmnxn gZ n‡jv, Amy¯’ e¨w³ hw` †Kv‡bv wKQz‡Z †Vm jvwM‡q A_ev jvwV ev Lv‡`‡gi
Kuv‡a fi w`‡q `uvwo‡q bvgvh co‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j †m †mfv‡eB `uvwo‡q bvgvh co‡e|
GQvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bvfv‡e bvgvh cov Rv‡qh n‡e bv|Ó77
Abyiƒcfv‡e †h e¨w³ iæKz-wmR`v Ki‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ †Kiv‡Zi c~Y© mgq jvwV, †`qvj
ev Ab¨ wKQzi mv‡_ †njvb w`‡qI `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i bv, †m e¨w³ hZ¶Y `uvwo‡q
_vK‡Z cv‡i, ZZ¶Y `uvwo‡qB bvgvh cov dih| GgbwK ZvKex‡i Zvnixgv ej‡Z
hZUzKz mgq jv‡M ZZUzKz mgqI hw` `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i Zvn‡j ZvKex‡i Zvnixgv
`uvwo‡qB ej‡Z n‡e| Zvici hLb AcviM n‡q hv‡e ZLb e‡m co‡e| G ai‡bi
†KD hw` cÖ_g †_‡KB Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh ïiæ K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi bvgvh ï× n‡e bv|
Avi Ggb Kv‡iv Rb¨ †Pqvi †Uwe‡j e‡mI bvgvh covi my‡hvM †bB|
Avjøvgv hvBbyÏxb Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ وﻟﻮ ﻗﺪر آﻳﺔ أو ﺗﻜﺒﻴﺮة ﺛﻢ ﻳﻘﻌﺪ‬،‫ إذا ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻳﻘﻮم ذﻟﻚ‬:‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﻬﻨﺪواﻧﻲ‬
.‫ وﻻ ﻳﺮوى ﻋﻦ أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﺧﻼﻓﻪ‬،‫ﺧﻔﺖ أن ﺗﻔﺴﺪ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﻫﺬا ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬
ÒAvey RvÔdi Avj wn›`yIqvbx ivn. e‡jb, hw` wKQz mgq `uvov‡Z m¶g nq, Zvn‡j
ZZUzKyB `uvov‡e| hw`I Zv GK AvqvZ ev ZvKexi ejv cwigvY mgq †nvK bv †Kb|
Zvici cÖ‡qvR‡b em‡Z cvi‡e| hw` GgbwU bv K‡i, Zvn‡j Avwg Avk¼v KiwQ †h,
Zvi bvgvh bó n‡q hv‡e| Avi GwU mwVK gZ| Avgv‡`i dyKvnv‡q †Kivg †_‡K Gi
wecixZ †Kv‡bv gZ ewY©Z †bB|Ó78
`uvov‡Z m¶g wKš‘ iæKz wmR`vq A¶g e¨w³i bvgvh
†h e¨w³ `vuwo‡q bvgvh co‡Z m¶g wKš‘ iæKz-wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g, A_ev iæKz Ki‡Z
m¶g, wKš‘ wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g| †m `vuwo‡q ev e‡m †hfv‡e B”Qv bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z
cvi‡e| wKš‘ DËg n‡jv, †m Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e Ges Bkvivq iæKz wmR`v
Ki‡e| Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh coviI my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| Z‡e †mUv mybœZ
cwicš’x nIqvi Kvi‡Y gvKiƒn ev AbyËg| †hgb-
Avjøvgv Aveyj ûmvBb Avng` Be‡b Avey eKi Avj Kz`yix ivn.79 e‡jb-

77 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/196, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

78 Avj evniæi iv‡qK : 2/198, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
79 Aveyj ûmvBb Avj Kz`~ix Avng` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b RvÔdi Be‡b nvg`vb Avj evM`v`x ivn.| 362

wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb wdK‡n nvbvdxi A‡bK †L`gZ K‡i‡Qb| Av`veyj Kvhx, AvZ ZvRix`, AvZ ZvKixe,
Avj gyLZvmvi I kiû gyLZvmvwij KviLx ZuviB RMZ weL¨vZ iPbv| ‫ وﻛﺎن‬،‫ اﻧﺘﻬﺖ إﻟﻴﻪ رﻳﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮاق‬:‫ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﻜﺎن‬
‫ |ﺣﺴﻦ اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ وﺳﻤﻊ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬wZwb 428 wnRixi iRe gv‡m evM`v‡` B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj dvIqv‡q`yj evwnq¨v:
30; nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 1/74
72 `imyj wdK&n
.‫ وﺟﺎز أن ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا ﻳﺆﻣﺊ إﻳﻤﺎء‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬،‫ﻓﺈن ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬
Òhw` †KD `uvov‡Z m¶g, wKš‘ iæKz wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g, Zvi Rb¨ `uvov‡bv Avek¨K
bq| †m e‡m Bkvivq iæKz-wmR`v K‡i bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡e|Ó80
Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷن‬،‫ وﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا ﻳﻮﻣﺊ إﻳﻤﺎء‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬،‫وإن ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺘﻌﻘﺒﻪ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد ﻻﻳﻜﻮن رﻛﻨﺎ‬،‫رﻛﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺳﻞ ﺑﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺴﺠﺪة ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬
.‫ ﻷﻧﻪ أﺷﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬،‫ واﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﻫﻮ اﻹﻳﻤﺎء ﻗﺎﻋﺪا‬،‫ﻓﻴﺘﺨﻴﺮ‬
Òhw` Amy¯’ e¨w³ `uvov‡Z m¶g nq Z‡e iæKz-wmR`v Ki‡Z m¶g bv nq, Zvn‡j Zvi
Rb¨ `uvov‡bv Avek¨K bq| eis †m e‡m Bkvivq iæKz-wmR`v K‡i bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e|
KviY, wKqvg bvgv‡hi †ivKb n‡q‡Q Zv wmR`vq hvIqvi gva¨g nIqvi Kvi‡Y| †Kbbv,
G‡ZB m‡e©v”P m¤§vb cÖKvk cvq| myZivs †h wKqv‡gi ci wmR`v _vK‡e bv †m wKqvgUv
†ivKb n‡e bv| AZGe, †m‡¶‡Î †m ¯^vaxb| Z‡e DËg n‡jv e‡m Bkvivq iæKz wmR`v
K‡i bvgvh Av`vq Kiv| †Kbbv, †mUv wmR`vi mv‡_ †ewk mvgÄm¨kxj|Ó81
Dc‡iv³ e³e¨wUB nvbvdx dKxnM‡Yi cÖwm× gZ| wKš‘ `jx‡ji wePv‡i A‡bK
gynvw°K dKx‡ni `„wó‡Z G gvmAvjvq wdK&‡n nvbvdxi H e³e¨ †ewk kw³kvjx hv
Bgvg hydvi Be‡b ûhvBj ivn. Gi gvhnve| Avi †mwUB Ab¨ wZb Bgvg Z_v Bgvg
gv‡jK82, Bgvg kv‡dÔqx I Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j ivn. cÖgy‡Li gvhnve| Avi Zv
n‡jv- †h e¨w³ Rwg‡bi Dci wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g †m hw` `vuwo‡q bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z
m¶g nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K `uvwo‡qB bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi †h‡nZz †m wmR`v
Ki‡Z A¶g †m‡nZz †m e‡m Bkvivq wmR`v Ki‡e| Rwg‡b wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g nIqvi
Kvi‡Y wKqvg Qvov hv‡e bv| †Kbbv wKqvg bvgv‡hi GKwU ¯^Zš¿ dih| wKqvg ïaygvÎ
H e¨w³i Dci dih bq †h e¨w³ `vuwo‡q bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB wmR`v
Ki‡Z A¶g nIqvi Kvi‡Y wKqvg gvd n‡e bv| Avjøvgv wmivRyÏxb Igi Be‡b byRvBg

80 Kz`~ix: 33, gvKZvevZzj Avhxh, †`Ie›`

81 †n`vqv : 1/162, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
82 Avey Avãyjøvn gv‡jK Be‡b Avbvm Be‡b gv‡jK Be‡b Avey Avgi Bebyj nv‡im ivn.| wZwb 95 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY

K‡ib| wZwb g`xbvi me©Rbe‡iY¨ Bgvg wQ‡jb| ZvB Zuv‡K Bgvgy `vwij wnRivn e‡j m‡¤^vab Kiv nq| nhiZ Avey
ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~j mv. e‡j‡Qb, ÔAwP‡iB gvbyl Bjg A‡š^l‡Yi Rb¨ c„w_exi w`K-wew`K QzU‡e| Zviv
g`xbvi Av‡jg †_‡K Avi †Kvb Av‡jg cv‡e bv|Õ nhiZ mywdqvb mvIix ivn. e‡jb, Avwg g‡b Kwi GB nv`x‡mi
g‡a¨ ewY©Z g`xbvi Av‡jg n‡jb, Bgvg gv‡jK ivn.| Bjg nvwm‡ji †¶‡Î Zuvi ¸iæZ¡ I mZK©Zv wQj m‡e©v”P
ch©v‡qi| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, g`xbvq Avn‡j Bjg‡`i weivU GK RvgvZ †c‡qwQ wKš‘ Avwg Zv‡`i †_‡K Bjg MÖnY
Kwiwb| G e¨vcv‡i Zuvi weL¨vZ Dw³ n‡jv, ‫ ﻻ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻴﻪ وﻻ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬.‫ وﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺳﻮاﻫﻢ‬،‫ﻻ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ أرﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫ وﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻴﺦ‬،‫ وإن ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺘﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺬاب ﻳﻜﺬب ﻓﻲ أﺣﺎدﻳﺚ اﻟﻨﺎس‬،‫ﻫﻮى ﻳﺪﻋﻮ إﻟﻰ ﺑﺪﻋﺘﻪ‬
.‫ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮف ﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ وﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺪث ﺑﻪ‬،‫ |ﻟﻪ ﻓﻀﻞ وﺻﻼح وﻋﺒﺎدة‬wZwb 179 wnRixi 14B iweDj AvIqvj gv‡m 85 eQi
eq‡m g`xbvq B‡šÍKvj K‡ib Ges RvbœvZyj evKx‡Z Zuv‡K `vdb Kiv nq| -Avj BbwZKv: 36
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh 73
ivn.83 G gZwU‡KB DËg I h_v_© e‡j‡Qb| †hgbwU wZwb ÒAvb& bvniæj dv‡q‡KÓ
D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﺟﺎء أوان اﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬،‫ »ﺻﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا«؛ إذ ﻳﻔﺘﺮض ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﻘﻮم ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة‬:‫وﻫﺬا أوﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮل ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬
.‫أوﻣﺄ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا‬
ÒGes GwU A_©vr iæKz-wmR`vi Rb¨ e‡m Bkviv Ki‡e- G gZwU Zv‡`i gZ †_‡K
DËg, hviv e‡jb ïiæ †_‡KB e‡m bvgvh co‡e| †Kbbv, Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ †Kiv‡Zi
mgq `uvwo‡q †KivZ cov dih| Avi hLb iæKz-wmR`vi mgq n‡e, ZLb e‡m Bkvivq
iæKz-wmR`v Ki‡e|Ó84
Avjøvgv Avng` Be‡b BmgvBj AvZ ZvnZvex ivn. Be‡b byRvBg ivn. Gi K_vi mg_©b
K‡i ÒgvivwKj dvjvnÓ Gi wUKv‡Z Gfv‡e e‡j‡Qb-
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﺟﺎء أوان اﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬،‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺮﻣﺎ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ أﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﺠﺰ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد ﻳﻔﺘﺮض ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﻘﻮم ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة‬
.‫ﻳﻘﻌﺪ وﻳﺆﻣﻲ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ‬
ÒAvb-bvniæj dv‡qK MÖ‡š’i fvl¨ †_‡K †evSv hvq, wmR`vq AcviM e¨w³ †Kiv‡Zi
mgq `uvwo‡q hv‡e Ges iæKz-wmR`vi mgq DfqUvi Rb¨ e‡m Bkviv Ki‡e|Ó85
Avjøvgv Bebyj ûgvg ivn. Gi Av‡jvPbv †_‡K D³ g‡Zi mg_©b †evSv hvq| wZwb
ÔdvZûj Kv`x‡iÕ e‡jb-
‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺎﻫﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﻞ ﻟﻪ وﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬،‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ أن ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺘﻪ ﻟﻬﺬا ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ اﻟﺤﺼﺮ‬
.‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻓﺎت أﺣﺪ اﻟﺘﻌﻈﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﺻﺎر ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺎ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬،‫ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺤﺒﻪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺘﺠﺒﺮ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬،‫ﻣﻦ اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻩ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ ﻣﻊ أﻧﻪ‬،‫ وﺟﺐ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد‬،‫وﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺪﻋﻮى أن ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد واﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد ﻻ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬
.‫ ﻟﻌﺪم ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬،‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد ﻋﻘﻴﺒﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬
ÒwKqv‡gi weavbwU ïay wmR`vi gv‡S m‡e©v”P m¤§vb cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨BÓ GgbwU ejv
cÖkœgy³ bq| eis `uvov‡bv †_‡K wmR`vq jy‡U covi g‡a¨ †hgb m¤§vb cÖKvwkZ nq
†Zgwb ¯^qs `uvov‡bvi g‡a¨I m¤§vb cÖKvwkZ nq| `uvov‡bvi g‡a¨ †h m¤§vb Av‡Q, Zv
mv¶xi †¶‡Î cÖZ¨¶ Kiv hvq| ZvB †Zv cÖZvckvjx e¨w³iv m¤§v‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡`i
mvg‡b `uvov‡bv‡K cQ›` K‡i _v‡K| myZivs GLb †h‡nZz wmR`vi g‡a¨ †h m¤§vb wQj
Zv Qy‡U †M‡Q, AšÍZ wKqv‡gi g‡a¨ †h m¤§vb Av‡Q Zv cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ wKqv‡gi weavb‡K
IqvwRe ejv n‡e|
†n`vqv cÖ‡YZvi Dc‡iv³ `vwewU G gvmAvjvi ØvivI LwÛZ nq, †h e¨w³ wKqvg e¨ZxZ
83 wmivRyÏxb Igi Be‡b Beivnxg Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b byRvBg (Be‡b byRvBg wgmix) ivn.| wZwb 1005 wnRixi 6B
iweDj AvDqvj g½jev‡i B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Avb bvniæj dv‡qK, BRvevZzm mv‡qj I BK`yj RvInvi Zuvi Ab¨Zg
iPbv| -nvw`qvZzj Avwidxb: 1/796
84 Avb bvniæj dv‡qK: 1/336-337, K`xgx KzZzeLvbv AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
85 nvwkqvZzZ ZvnZvex Avjv gvivwKj dvjvn: 431, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
74 `imyj wdK&n
em‡Z I iæKz-wmR`v Ki‡Z m¶g Zvi Dci e‡m bvgvh cov IqvwRe| A_P emv †_‡K
wmR`vq hvIqvi gv‡S †mB m‡ev©”P m¤§vb †bB, Zvi c~‡e© wKqvg bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y|Ó86
wbKU AZxZ Avwjg‡`i gv‡S Avjøvgv hdi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn.87 G gZwU‡K nv`xm
Øviv cÖgvwYZ K‡i, `jx‡ji w`K †_‡K kw³kvjx e‡j‡Qb| †hgbwU wZwb ÒBÔjvDm
mybv‡bÓ e‡jb-
‫ »ﺻﻞ‬: ‫ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻦ اﻟﺼﻼة؟ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻲ ﺑﻮاﺳﻴﺮ‬: ‫اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻤﺮان )أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬
‫( أن اﻟﻘﺎدر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم اﻟﻌﺎﺟﺰ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد ﻳﺠﺐ‬.‫ رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.«‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻊ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺟﻨﺐ‬
‫ وﻻ‬،‫ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ اﻟﺠﻮاز ﻗﺎﻋﺪا ﺑﺸﺮط اﻟﻌﺠﺰ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬،‫ وﻳﺆﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة‬
‫ وﺑﻪ ﻗﺎل زﻓﺮ واﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ رﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮز ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ وﻷن اﻟﻘﻴﺎم رﻛﻦ‬،‫ﻋﺠﺰ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﻮرة‬
‫ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻘﻂ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم وﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﺆﻣﻲ‬:‫ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ« ﻗﺎل‬.«‫اﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻊ‬
‫ وﻫﺬا ﻫﻮ اﻟﺬي ذﻛﺮﻩ‬.«‫ وﻫﻮ ﻗﻮل ﻣﺎﻟﻚ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺪوﻧﺔ‬.‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻛﻮع ﺛﻢ ﻳﺠﻠﺲ ﻓﻴﺆﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺠﻮد اﻫـ‬
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﺟﺎء أوان اﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬،‫ ﻳﻔﺮض ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﻘﻮم ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة‬: ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻨﻬﺮ« ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺒﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﺸﺮ اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ‬
.‫أوﻣﺄ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا‬
ÒBgivb Be‡b ûmvBb ivwh. Gi ewY©Z nv`xm †_‡K my¯úó †h, †h e¨w³ `uvov‡Z m¶g
Z‡e iæKz-wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g Zvi Dci iæKz-wmR`vi Rb¨ Bkviv Kiv Ges †Kiv‡Zi
Rb¨ `uvov‡bv IqvwRe| †Kbbv, nv`xm kix‡d `uvov‡Z A¶g nIqvi k‡Z© emvi
ˆeaZv‡K Aby‡gv`b Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_P Dc‡ivwjøwLZ m~i‡Z †Kv‡bv A¶gZv †bB| Avi
wKqvg n‡jv GKwU ¯^Zš¿ †ivKb| myZivs Zv m¶gZv _vKv m‡Ë¡I †Q‡o †`qv Rv‡qh
†bB| GgbwU e‡j‡Qb Bgvg hydvi ivn.I Bgvg kv‡dÔqx ivn.| Avi GUvB Bgvg
Avng` ivn. Gi gvhnve, †hgbwU i‡q‡Q ÔAvj-gyMbxÕ MÖ‡š’| wZwb e‡jb, G ai‡bi
e¨w³i Rb¨ wKqvg gIKzd n‡e bv| ZvB †m `uvwo‡q bvgvh co‡e Ges Bkvivq iæKz
Ki‡e| AZtci e‡m Bkvivq wmR`v Ki‡e| GUvB Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. Gi gvhnve|
GwU‡KB ÔAvb& bvniæj dv‡qKÕ MÖ‡š’ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| wZwb e‡jb, Gai‡bi e¨w³i
Dci †Kiv‡Zi Rb¨ `uvov‡bv dih AZtci iæKz wmR`v e‡m Bkvivq Av`vq Ki‡e|Ó88
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb-
‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﺨﻼف ﻓﻲ وﺟﻮب اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻟﻺﻳﻤﺎء‬،‫واﻷﺣﻮط ﻋﻨﺪي ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻨﻬﺮ« ﻣﻦ وﺟﻮب اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻘﺮاءة‬
‫ وﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺠﺐ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻟﻺﻳﻤﺎء ﺑﻮاﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ اﻹﻳﻤﺎء ﺑﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬
86 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/7, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
87 hdi Avng` Be‡b jZxd Avj Dmgvbx AvZ _vbfx ivn.| `viæj Dj~g †`Ie‡›`i A`~‡i Aew¯’Z Zvi evevi evwo‡Z
1310 wnRix m‡b wZwb Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Avkivd Avjx _vbfx I Avãyjøvn M½ynx ivn. Zuvi D¯Ívh‡`i Ab¨Zg| dv‡iM
nIqvi cvi XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq, XvKv Avwjqvmn Av‡iv A‡bK cÖwZôv‡b Aa¨vcbv K‡ib| BÔjvDm mybvb Zuvi Abb¨
msKjb| hv‡nix I ev‡Zbx Bj‡g cwic~Y© G e¨w³Z¡ 1394 wnRix m‡b B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -BÔjvDm mybvb Gi f~wgKv
88 BÔjvDm mybvb: 7/197, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb|
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh 75
‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻮاﻓﻘﻪ‬،‫ وﻫﺬا وإن ﺗﻔﺮد ﺻﺎﺣﺐ »اﻟﻨﻬﺮ« ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻩ‬.‫وﻣﻦ واﻓﻘﻬﻢ ﻳﺆﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﺮﻛﻮع ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ وﻟﻠﺴﺠﻮد ﻗﺎﻋﺪا ﻛﻤﺎ ﻣﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻤﺮان ﻣﺆﻳﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ‬،‫ وﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻗﻮي ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﻗﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬
.‫ﻳﺨﻔﻰ‬
Ò†mwUB Avgvi wbKU AwaK mZK©Zvg~jK K_v hv ÔAvb& bvniæj dv‡qKÕ MÖ‡š’ D‡jøL
i‡q‡Q, A_©vr Ô†Kiv‡Zi Rb¨ wKqvg IqvwReÕ| Z‡e BL‡Zjvd n‡jv Bkvivi Rb¨
wKqvg IqvwRe nIqvi †¶‡Î| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i wbKU DËg n‡jv iæKz wmR`v DfqUvi
Rb¨ e‡m Bkviv Ki‡e| Bkvivi Rb¨ wKqvg IqvwRe bq| Z‡e Bgvg kv‡dÔqx89,
Avng` I gv‡jK ivn. cÖgy‡Li wbKU iæKzi Rb¨ `uvwo‡q Bkviv Ki‡e| Avi wmR`vi
Rb¨ e‡m Bkviv Ki‡e| hw`I Dc‡iv³ gZwU GKgvÎ ÒAvb& bvniæj dv‡qKÓ MÖš’
cª‡YZv MÖnY K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ `jx‡ji wePv‡i GwUB †ewk kw³kvjx| †Kbbv, Bgivb
Be‡b ûmvBb ivwh.90 Gi m~‡Î ewY©Z nv`xmwUi evwn¨K A_© †_‡K G gZwUi c‡¶B
mg_©b cvIqv hvq|Ó91
†cQ‡b DwjøwLZ Avey RvÔdi wn›`yIqvbxi e³e¨ †_‡KI G gZwUi mg_©b cvIqv hvq|
KviY Zuvi e³e¨ n‡jv, †h e¨w³ wKQz¶‡Yi Rb¨ `uvov‡Z cv‡i Zv‡KI `uvwo‡q bvgvh
Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| ejvevûj¨ †h, †Kv‡bv e¨w³ nqZ ZvKex‡ii mgqUzKzB `uvov‡Z
cv‡i| iæKz ch©šÍ `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z cv‡ibv eis Amy¯Z
’ vi Kvi‡Y em‡Z nq, Zvi `uvov‡bv
†mR`vq m‡ev©”P m¤§vb cÖKv‡ki gva¨g bv n‡jI Zv‡K `uvov‡Z n‡e| GLvb †_‡K eySv
hvq †h, `uvov‡bv‡K †mR`vq m‡ev©”P m¤§vb cÖKv‡ki gva¨g wn‡m‡eB dih Kiv n‡q‡Q
Zv me©ve¯’vi Rb¨ bq|
Avjøvgv gydZx ZvKx Dmgvbx `v.ev.92 `vjvB‡ji Av‡jv‡K GB gZwU‡K kw³kvjx
e‡j‡Qb| G Dw³ LÛb K‡i‡Qb †h, Ôïay wmR`vi Rb¨ wKqvg dih Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZvB
wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g n‡j wKqvg Riæix _v‡K bv|Õ GgbwK wZwb GKvwaK `jxj Øviv G
K_vI cÖgvY K‡i‡Qb †h, wKqvg bvgv‡hi GKwU ¯^Zš¿ dih, Zv ïay wmR`vi Rb¨ dih
Kiv n‡q‡Q GgbwU bq|93

89 Avey Avãyjøvn gynv¤§` Be‡b B`ªxm Be‡b Ave¶vm Be‡b Dmgvb Be‡b kv‡d Avk kv‡dÔqx Avj Kzivkx Avj g°x ivn.|
wZwb Bgvg kv‡dÔqx bv‡g cÖwm×| 150 wnRix‡Z AvmKvjv‡b Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 204 wnRix‡Z wZwb B‡šÍKvj
K‡ib| Bgvg gv‡jK I Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Zuvi Ab¨Zg D¯Ívh| Zuvi w`‡K m¤^Ü K‡iB wdK‡n kv‡dÔqxi bvgKiY
Kiv n‡q‡Q| wZwb wewfbœ wel‡q A‡bK MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Gi gv‡S BQevZzb beyIqvn, AvnKvgyj KziAvb,
BLwZjvdzj nv`xm, wKZveyj Dg BZ¨vw` Ab¨Zg| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 2/9
90 Bgivb Be‡b ûmvBb Avey byhvB` Avj Lyhvqx Avj KvÔex ivwh.| 52 wnRix‡Z wZwb emivq B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj

BKgvj: 607
91 BÔjvDm mybvb: 7/198, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
92 gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx Be‡b gydZx gynv¤§` kdx Be‡b gvIjvbv Bqvwmb `v.ev.| wZwb 1362 wnRix m‡bi 5B kvIqvj

fvi‡Zi DËi cÖ‡`‡ki mvnvivbcyi †Rjvi †`Ie›` A‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb Zvdmxi, nv`xm I wdKn wel‡q
A‡bK MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| cvwK¯Ív‡bi mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i kvixÔAvn †ev‡W©i Rvw÷m wQ‡jb| eZ©gv‡b wZwb `viæj Dj~g
KivPxi bv‡q‡e m`i| -Bmjvg AvIi Rv`x` gvAvkx gvmvBj: 1g L‡Ði cwiwkó
93 Avjøvgv gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx `v.ev. Gi wjwLZ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh cov msµvšÍ cÖeÜ †_‡K M„nxZ
76 `imyj wdK&n
†Pqv‡i e‡m †Uwe‡j wmR`v Kiv
†h e¨w³ Rwg‡b wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g, †m `uvwo‡q †nvK ev e‡m Bkviv K‡iB wmR`v
Ki‡e| mvg‡b ZLZv, †Uwej, evwjk A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv DuPz wRwbm †i‡L Zvi Dci
wmR`v Ki‡e bv| †KD hw` GgbwU K‡i Zvn‡j Zv h_vixwZ wmR`v e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv|
eis Zv Bkviv wnmv‡eB aZ©e¨ n‡e| AZGe, †m‡¶‡Î bvgvh n‡q †M‡jI wbqg ewnf©~Z
nIqvi Kvi‡Y GgbwU Kiv DwPZ bq| KviY, †Pqv‡i e‡m mvg‡b †Uwej BZ¨vw`i Dci
Kcvj ivLv‡K `yB Kvi‡Y wmR`v ejv hvq bv|
1. wmR`vi Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv Dfq nuvUz Rwg‡b ivLv|
2. wmR`vi mgq Kcv‡ji Ask †Kvg‡ii Ask †_‡K wbPz nIqv|
wKš‘ †Pqv‡i e‡m mvg‡b †Kv‡bv wKQzi Dci Kcvj ivL‡j DwjøwLZ †Kv‡bv kZ©B cvIqv
hvq bv| ZvB †mUv nvKxKx wmR`v Z_v wbqgZvwš¿K wmR`v wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e bv|
nhiZ Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ إن اﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ أن ﺗﺴﺠﺪ‬:‫ ﻓﻨﻬﺎﻩ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺮآﻩ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ وﻳﺴﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺳﺎدة‬،‫ﻋﺎد رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎ وأﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ‬
94.‫اﻟﺮﻛﻮع‬ ‫ واﺟﻌﻞ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد أﺧﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ وإﻻ ﻓﺄوم إﻳﻤﺎء‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض ﻓﺎﺳﺠﺪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn GK †ivMx‡K †`L‡Z †M‡jb, Avwg Zuvi mv‡_ wQjvg, ivm~jyjøvn
Zv‡K evwj‡ki Dci †mR`v w`‡q bvgvh co‡Z †`‡L Zv Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i ej‡jb,
hw` Rwg‡b wmR`v Ki‡Z cvi Zvn‡j Rwg‡bB †mR`v Ki| Ab¨_vq Bkviv K‡i bvgvh
co| Z‡e †m‡¶‡Î iæKzi Bkviv †_‡K wmR`vi Bkvivq †ewk SzuK‡e|Ó95
Avjøvgv RvgvjyÏxb hvqjvqx ivn.96 e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻓﻌﻞ( أي رﻓﻊ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻳﺴﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ )وﻫﻮ ﻳﺨﻔﺾ‬،‫ )وﻻ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ إﻟﻰ وﺟﻬﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻳﺴﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬:‫ﻗﺎل رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ ﻟﻮﻛﺎن اﻟﺸﻲء‬:‫ وﻛﺎن ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻘﺎل‬،«‫ ذﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬،‫ ﻫﻮ ﺳﺠﻮد‬:‫ وﻗﻴﻞ‬،‫رأﺳﻪ ﺻﺢ( ﻟﻮﺟﻮد اﻹﻳﻤﺎء‬
‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺰ ﻟﻠﺼﺤﻴﺢ أن‬،‫ ﺟﺎز ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ ﺳﺠﻮد‬،‫اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺤﺎل ﻟﻮ ﺳﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺠﻮز‬
.‫ ﻓﻴﺠﻮز ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ إن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬،‫ﻳﺴﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ إﻳﻤﺎء‬
ÒwmR`vi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv wRwbm †Pnvivi w`‡K DuPz Ki‡e bv| Avi hw` †Kv‡bv wRwbm DuPz
K‡i Ges †mLv‡b wmR`vi Rb¨ gv_v SuzwK‡q †`q, Zvn‡j Zvi bvgvh n‡q hv‡e| †Kbbv
GLv‡b Bkviv cvIqv †M‡Q| †gvUK_v, †m DuPzKZ
… e¯‘Uv hw` GZUyKz DuPz nq †h, GKRb
my¯’ gvbyl Zv‡Z wmR`v Ki‡j Zv Rv‡qh n‡q hvq| Zvn‡j Amy¯’ e¨w³i Rb¨ GUv

،‫ إن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﺎد ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﺮآﻩ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺳﺎدة‬:‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ ﻳﻌﻠﻰ واﻟﺒﺰار ﻧﺤﻮﻩ إﻻ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬۲٨٩٤) «‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬94
‫ اﻫـ‬.‫ ورﺟﺎل اﻟﺒﺰار رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬.‫ ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﻋﻮدا ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻓﺮﻣﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ‬
95 gvRgvDh& hvIqv‡q`: 2/347
96 RvgvjyÏxb Be‡b BDmyd Be‡b Avãyjøvn Be‡b BDbym Be‡b gynv¤§` Avh hvBjvqx Avj nvbvdx ivn.| wZwb 762

wnRixi 11B gynvii‡g B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| iPbvi RM‡Z Ôbvmeyi ivqvÕ Zuvi Agi KxwZ©| -nvw`qvZzj Avwidxb:
2/557
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh 77
wmR`v e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` my¯’ e¨w³i Rb¨ Zv‡Z wmR`v Kiv Rv‡qh bv, Zvn‡j
Amy¯’ e¨w³i Rb¨ Zv Bkviv n‡e|Ó97
KvZv‡ii gv‡S e‡m bvgv‡hi weavb
Rwg‡b ev †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vqKvix †jvK‡`i KvZv‡ii gv‡S ev Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b
bvgvh cov Rv‡qh| wKš‘ Zv‡`i Rb¨ KvZv‡ii wKbvivq bvgvh cov DËg, hv‡Z
KvZv‡ii gv‡S †Pqvi †i‡L ev Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh covi Kvi‡Y KvZv‡i †Kv‡bv eµZv
ev k~Y¨Zv †`Lv bv hvq| nv`xm kix‡d KvZvi †mvRv ivLv Ges ci¯úi Lye wg‡j
`uvov‡bvi cÖwZ we‡kl ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q|
nhiZ Avey gvmD` ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ ﻟﻴﻠﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬.‫ ﻓﺘﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻜﻢ‬،‫ »اﺳﺘﻮوا وﻻ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻔﻮا‬:‫ﻛﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻤﺴﺢ ﻣﻨﺎﻛﺒﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻼة وﻳﻘﻮل‬
.«‫ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻠﻮﻧﻬﻢ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻠﻮﻧﻬﻢ‬،‫أوﻟﻮ اﻷﺣﻼم واﻟﻨﻬﻰ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn bvgv‡Ri Av‡M Avgv‡`i Kuv‡a nvZ eyjv‡Zb I ej‡Zb, †Zvgiv †mvRv
n‡q `uvovI AvMwcQ n‡qv bv| Ab¨_vq †Zvgv‡`i gv‡S AšÍwe©ev` m„wó n‡e| †Zvgv‡`i
g‡a¨ hviv cÖvßeq¯‹ Ges Ávbx Zviv Avgvi wbKUeZx© `uvov‡e, Gici ch©vqµ‡g Ab¨iv
`uvov‡e|Ó98
Z‡e †KD hw` KvZv‡ii gvSLv‡b ev Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b e‡m bvgvh c‡o, Zvn‡j Kv‡iv
GB AwaKvi †bB †h, †m D³ e¨w³‡K KvZv‡ii wKbvivq P‡j hvIqvi ûKzg †`‡e|
D‡jøL¨, AwaKvsk mgq †jv‡Kiv Rwg‡b ev †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vqKvix e¨w³‡`i
Rb¨ KvZv‡ii wKbvivq `uvov‡bv Riæix g‡b K‡i _v‡K, GwU mwVK bq|
KvZv‡i †Pqvi ivLvi c×wZ
kiÔqx IhiekZ gmwR‡` RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ †Pqv‡i bvgvh Av`v‡qi mgq †Pqvi ivLvi
c×wZ n‡jv- †Pqv‡ii wcQ‡bi cvqv KvZv‡i `uvov‡bv gymjøx‡`i cv‡qi †Mvovwj eivei
_vK‡e, †hb emv Ae¯’vq gvh~i e¨w³i Kuva Ab¨vb¨ bvgvhx‡`i Kuva eivei †mvRv n‡q
hvq|
Avi hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ c~Y© bvgvh e‡m Av`vq bv K‡i eis `uvov‡Z m¶g nIqvi Kvi‡Y
†Kiv‡Zi mgq `uvwo‡q _v‡K, wKš‘ iæKy-wmR`v Ki‡Z A¶g nIqvi Kvi‡Y †Pqv‡i e‡m
iæKy-wmR`v Av`vq K‡i, Zvn‡j GgZve¯’vq KvZv‡i †Pqvi ivLvi c×wZ n‡jv- †Pqvi
Ggbfv‡e ivL‡e †hb †Pqv‡ii mvg‡bi cvqv KvZv‡ii eivei _v‡K Avi Aewkóvsk
wcQ‡bi w`‡K _v‡K| †hb `uvov‡bvi mgq D³ gvh~i e¨w³i Kuva Ab¨vb¨ bvgvhx‡`i
Kuva eivei †mvRv n‡q hvq|
evKx _vK‡jv Zvi wcQ‡bi KvZv‡ii mgm¨vi K_v| Zvi mgvavb n‡jv- gvh~i e¨w³iv

97 ZveCbyj nvKv‡qK: 1/489

98 mnxn gymwjg: 1/181-182, nv`xm bs-432
78 `imyj wdK&n
KvZv‡ii GK cv‡k¦© GKR‡bi wcQ‡b Av‡iKRb em‡Z _vK‡e, †hb Zv‡`i emvi Kvi‡Y
Ab¨‡`i mgm¨v bv nq|
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi K‡qKwU ¶wZKi w`K
Rwg‡b e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi kw³ _vKv m‡Ë¡I †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi †¶‡Î
wewfbœ ai‡bi kiÔqx ¶wZ cwijw¶Z nq| †hgb-
1. bvgv‡hi g‡a¨ webq I bgªZv n‡”Q cªavb j¶¨ Avi †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi
†¶‡Î Zv c~Y©gvÎvq cvIqv hvq bv| e‡m Av`vq Kivi mgq Gi †_‡K Zzjbvg~jK †ewk
cvIqv hvq|
2. gmwR‡` †Pqv‡ii Avwa‡K¨i Kvi‡Y Zv bvmviv‡`i wMR©v I Bqvû`x‡`i Dcvmbvj‡qi
m`„k g‡b nq| †Kbbv †mLv‡b Zviv wMR©vq †Pqvi I †e‡Â e‡m Dcvmbv K‡i| Avi
Øxwb wel‡q Bqvû`x-bvmviv I weRvwZ‡`i mv`„k¨ Aej¤^b Ki‡Z eviY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
3. †Pqvi e¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y KvZvi †mvRv Kivi †¶‡Î A‡bK mgm¨vi m„wó nq| A_P
KvZvi †mvRv Kiv I wg‡j wg‡j `uvov‡bvi e¨vcv‡i nv`xm kix‡d †Rvi ZvwK` G‡m‡Q|
4. †h e¨w³ kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z gvÕh~i bq, A_v©r wKqvg, iæKz-wmR`v Ki‡Z m¶g,
Zvi Rb¨ gvwU‡Z A_ev †Pqv‡i e‡m dih ev IqvwRe bvgvh Av`vq Kiv †Kv‡bvµ‡gB
Rv‡qh †bB| Gai‡bi my¯’ e¨w³I mvg‡b †Pqvi †c‡q †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq K‡i
†bq| d‡j Zvi bvgvhB nq bv|
Avjøvn cvK Avgv‡`i mevB‡K D³ weavbvejx ey‡S Avgj Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Kiæb|
Avgxb\

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
cÖavb gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm
19 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
`viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
20 iweDm mvbx 1435wn.
 79

†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb

Ô`imyj wdK&nÕ 1g L‡Ûi cÖ_g cÖKv‡ki A‡bKw`b ci GK

gmwR‡`i Bgvg mv‡ne Ô†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvhÕ kxl©K cÖeÜwUi Dci
wKQz AvcwË D‡jøL K‡i `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvixi dvZIqv wefvM
eivei GKwU wPwV cvVvb| D³ wPwV‡Z wZwb `vwe K‡ib, †Pqv‡i e‡m
bvgvh Av`vq Kiv ˆea bq| `jxj wn‡m‡e fvi‡Zi wKQz Av‡jg
KZ…©K cÖPvwiZ GKwU Bk‡ZnviI †mB wPwVi mv‡_ hy³ K‡ib|
wPwVwU `viæj BdZvq Avmvi ci AvmvwZhv‡q †Kivg ev›`v‡K Reve
wjL‡Z wb‡`©k †`b| AvmvwZhv‡q †Kiv‡gi wb‡`©‡k Bgvg mv‡n‡ei
Avcw˸‡jv‡K †gŠwjK wk‡ivbv‡gi AvKv‡i D‡jøL K‡i `jxjwfwËK
Reve cÖ¯Z ‘ Kiv nq| AvmvwZhv‡q †Kivg Zv mZ¨vqb K‡ib Ges
Bgvg mv‡n‡ei eivei †mwU †cÖiY Kivi wb‡`©k †`b|
cÖ_g L‡Ði wØZxq ms¯‹i‡Yi KvR wKQzUv wej¤^ nIqvq `imyj wdKn
wØZxq L‡Ði †k‡l Reveg~jK cÖeÜwU Qvcv‡bv n‡qwQj| GLb 1g
L‡ÐI Ô‡Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvhÕ msµvšÍ g~jcÖe‡Üi mv‡_ Zv mshy³ Kiv
n‡jv|

- m¤úv`K
80 `imyj wdK&n

‫ وﻣﻦ دﻋﺎ ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺗﻬﻢ‬،‫ وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ واﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪ اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء واﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﻴﻦ‬،‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ رب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬
.‫إﻟﻰ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
`viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvixi dvZIqv wefvM †_‡K cÖKvwkZ Ô`imyj wdKnÕ wKZvewU msMÖn
K‡i Aa¨qb Kivi Rb¨ Avcbvi cÖwZ ïKwiqv Rvbvw”Q| Ô‡Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvhÕ welqK
cÖe‡Üi Dci wKQz cÖkœ m¤^wjZ Avcbvi wPwV Avgiv †`‡LwQ| wPwVi mv‡_ mshy³ Bk‡Znvi,
hv Avgv‡`i msMÖ‡n c~e© †_‡KB wQ‡jv, ZvI cybivq fv‡jvfv‡e Aa¨qb K‡iwQ|
mZK©ZvekZ mgwóMZfv‡e Av‡jvPbvi e¨e¯’vI Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖe‡Üi e³e¨ I cÖgvYvw`
cybtwe‡ePbvq Avbvi ci Avgv‡`i wm×všÍ `uvovq †h, †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh m¤ú‡K© cÖe‡Ü
DwjøwLZ gvmAvjv¸‡jv wdKnx `„wó‡Z mwVK Ges h_vh_B wQ‡jv|
`viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvixi dvZIqv wefvM †_‡K wKQz w`b c~‡e© Ô‡Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : g~jbxwZ
I wKQz weavbÕ wk‡ivbv‡g Av‡iv GKwU bvwZ`xN© dvZIqv cÖKvk Kiv nq| G dvZIqv‡ZI
IRiwewkó e¨w³i Rb¨ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`v‡qi ˆeaZv cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q| gmwR‡`
hvIqvi cÖwZ DØy× Kiv n‡q‡Q| myZivs G wel‡q bZzb K‡i Avi †jLvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
ZvB GLv‡b ïay Avcbvi wPwV‡Z DwjøwLZ mskq¸‡jv‡K †gŠwjK wk‡ivbvg w`‡q Zvi
we¯ÍvwiZ ÔwbimbÕ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
GK.
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi weavb wK Lvqiæj Kziæ‡b wQ‡jv?
†Pqvi Lvqiæj Kziæ‡b wQ‡jv, Amy¯Z ’ vI wQ‡jv; wKš‘ †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi weavb
Lvqiæj Kziæb †_‡K AbymZ „ nqwb| myZivs †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh cov Rv‡qh n‡e bv\
Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh cov ‰ea-A‰ea nIqv m¤ú‡K© Lvqiæj
Kziæ‡bi cwi®‹vi I AKvU¨ †Kv‡bv e³e¨ bv _vK‡jI Gi c‡ÿ Avgj we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q|
wewkó mvnvex Avey evihvn ivwh. m¤ú‡K© ewY©Z n‡q‡Q,
.‫ﻛﺎن ﻷﺑﻲ ﺑﺮزة دﻛﺎن ﻳﺠﻠﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﻳﺪﻟﻲ رﺟﻠﻴﻪ وﻳﺼﻠﻲ‬
ÒnhiZ Avey evihvn ivwh.-Gi GKwU DuPz emvi ¯’vb wQ‡jv| wZwb †mLv‡b e‡m cv Szwj‡q
bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Zb|Ó99
GQvovI †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi Ab¨Zg bhxi n‡jv evn‡bi Dci e‡m bvgvh Av`vq
Kiv, hv ivm~j I mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi Avgj Øviv cÖgvwYZ| we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv mvg‡b
Avm‡Q|
cÖKZ… c‡ÿ GLv‡b cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi w`KUvB AwaK we‡eP¨| Avgiv Rvwb, cÖ‡qvR‡bi †ÿ‡ÎB
gydwZqv‡b †Kivg †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| cÖ‡qvRb GKwU
Av‡cwÿK welq| eZ©gv‡b wPwKrmv weÁvb A‡bK DbœZ| cÖhyw³i wbixÿ‡Y Avwe®‹…Z n‡”Q
bvbv †ivM I Zvi wbivgqK| D‡b¥vwPZ n‡”Q wewfbœ cxovi inm¨| cixÿv-wbixÿvi gva¨‡g
99 gyLZvmviæ wKqvwgj jvBj: 206, Bgvg Avey Ave`yjøvn gynv¤§v` Be‡b bvmi gviIqvhx ivn. G eY©bvwU ‫ﻣﻦ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ دﻛﺎن ﻣﺪﻟﻴﺎ رﺟﻠﻴﻪ‬wk‡ivbv‡g D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 81
Wv³viMY A‡bK †ivM m¤ú‡K© wm×všÍ wb‡q‡Qb †h, G ai‡bi †ivMvµvšÍ e¨w³‡K †Pqv‡i
em‡Z n‡e| wb‡P em‡j Zvi ÿwZ n‡e| ejvevûj¨, †iv‡Mi †Kv‡bv eqm †bB| †h †Kv‡bv
eq‡mB ‡ivM n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB A‡bK mgq Kgeqmx n‡qI †Pqv‡i em‡Z nq| G QvovI
`yN©Ubvq ev A¯^vfvweK cwiw¯’wZi wkKvi n‡qI †Pqv‡i em‡Z eva¨ n‡”Q A‡b‡KB|
cÖ_g hy‡M cÖ‡qvRb Gfv‡e mywbw`©ó n‡q †`Lv ‡`qwb| cÖ‡qvR‡bi gvÎvI nq‡Zv Ggb cÖKU
wQ‡jv bv| Avcwb wK Ggb cÖgvY †`Lv‡Z cvi‡eb †h, AwfÁ Wv³vi †Pqv‡iB emvi ZvwM`
K‡i‡Qb ? wKš‘ ivm~j ev †Kv‡bv mvnvex Zv‡K †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z
wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| myZivs †m hvgvbvq Avgj bv _vKv, eZ©gv‡b cÖ‡qvR‡b Avgj Kivi †ÿ‡Î
cÖfve †dj‡e bv|
dKxnM‡Yi wbKU ¯^xK…Z ‡h, cÖ_g hyM †_‡K AbymZ „ wKQz c×wZi †ÿ‡Î cieZ©x hvgvbvq
cÖ‡qvR‡bi ZvwM‡` ZviZg¨ n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb, ivm~j -Gi hy‡M g`xbvq C‡`i bvgvh
n‡Zv ïay GK¯’v‡b| ZL‡bv Amy¯i’ v wQ‡jv| Zv m‡Ë¡I C‡`i bvgvh GK¯’v‡bB Av`v‡qi
wbqg wQ‡jv| nhiZ Avjx ivwh. cÖ_‡g Amy¯’‡`i Ae¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i kixÔAvZ¯^xK…Z
cÖ‡qvR‡b `yÕ¯’v‡b bvgv‡hi AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| cieZ©x mg‡q Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. mn Ab¨iv
cÖ‡qvR‡b GK kn‡ii Z‡ZvwaK ¯’v‡bI bvgv‡hi AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| Bgvg Avey eKi
Rvm&mvm ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ وﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺄن ﻳﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪﻳﻦ‬:‫ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻄﺤﺎوي‬
‫ ﺷﺒﻬﻪ‬،‫ واﻷول ﻫﻮ ﻗﻮل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫( ﻻ ﻳﺤﻔﻆ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﺷﻲء‬:‫ )ﻗﺎل اﻟﺠﺼﺎص‬.‫ﻫﻜﺬا روى ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
‫ وﻗﺪ روي أن ﻋﻠﻴًﺎ  ﻛﺎن ﻳﺨﻠﻒ رﺟﻼً ﻳﺼﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻀﻌﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ‬.‫ واﻟﺠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬،‫ﺑﺼﻼة اﻟﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
.‫ ﻓﻴﺼﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬،‫ وﻳﺨﺮج ﻫﻮ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
ÒBgvg Znvex ivn. e‡jb, GK kn‡i `yB gmwR‡` bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv mgm¨v
†bB| n¨uv, Gi †P‡q †ewk gmwR‡` wef³ n‡q Rygv co‡e bv| Gfv‡eB Bgvg gynv¤§`
ivn. eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|
Bgvg Rvm&mvm ivn. e‡jb, GK kn‡i GKvwaK gmwR‡` RygÔAvi bvgvh Av`v‡qi e¨vcv‡i
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn.-Gi †Kv‡bv AwfgZ ewY©Z †bB| cÖ_gwU Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn.-Gi
AwfgZ| wZwb GK kn‡i GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAvi bvgv‡hi ˆeaZv‡K nhiZ Avjx ivwh.-
Gi hvgvbvq gmwR` Ges kn‡ii evB‡i A_©¨vr gq`v‡bi `yÕRvqMvq C‡`i bvgvh Av`v‡qi
mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| nhiZ Avjx ivwh.-Gi e¨vcv‡i ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, wZwb C‡`i w`b
GKRb e¨w³‡K `ye©j gvbyl‡`i wb‡q gmwR‡` C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq Kivi Rb¨ cÖwZwbwa
wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM Ki‡Zb| Avi wZwb wb‡R mevB‡K wb‡q gq`v‡b C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq
Ki‡Zb|Ó100
Gi KvQvKvwQ Av‡iv GKwU D`vniY n‡jv, ÔZvQIqxeÕ A_©vr Avhv‡bi ci GKvg‡Zi c~‡e©
bvgv‡hi Rb¨ WvKv| ivm~j -Gi hy‡M Gi †Kv‡bv cÖPjb wQ‡jv bv; wKš‘ cÖ‡qvR‡b

100 kviû gyLZvmvivwZZ Zvnvex: 2/133-134

82 `imyj wdK&n
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| Bgvg Avjx gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ وﺧﺼﻮا اﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻤﺎ ذﻛﺮﻧﺎ‬،‫وﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﺜﻮﻳﺐ أﺣﺪﺛﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ  ﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ أﺣﻮال اﻟﻨﺎس‬
.‫ واﻟﻤﺘﺄﺧﺮون اﺳﺘﺤﺴﻨﻮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻠﻮات ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻈﻬﻮر اﻟﺘﻮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﻮر اﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬،‫ ﻷﻧﻪ وﻗﺖ ﻧﻮم وﻏﻔﻠﺔ‬:‫أى‬
ÒKzdvi Djvgv‡q ‡Kivg gvby‡li Ae¯’v cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y mvnvev hy‡Mi ci ZvQIqxe
(Avhv‡bi ci BKvgv‡Zi c~‡e© bvgv‡hi Rb¨ WvKvi) cÖ_vwU Pvjy K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e Zuviv
dR‡ii bvgvh Nyg I AjmZvi mg‡q nIqvi Kvi‡Y ïay dR‡ii mgq ZvQIqxe Kivi
K_v e‡j‡Qb| Z‡e cieZ©x Djvgv‡q †Kivg Øxwb Kv‡R gvby‡li wkw_j g‡bvfve cÖKvk
cvIqvi Kvi‡Y mKj bvgv‡hi Iqv‡³B ZvQIqxe Kiv‡K cQ›` K‡i‡Qb|Ó101
D‡jøL¨, wdK‡n Bmjvgx cÖ‡qvRbxqZv‡K KL‡bvB D‡cÿv K‡i bv; eis my›`i I mvejxj
I †hŠw³K mgvavb †`q| GRb¨ dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi wbKU wb‡¤œi g~jbxwZ¸‡jv ¯^xK…Z| hv
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi ˆeaZvi cÖgvY wn‡m‡e Kvh©Ki| †hgb,
‫ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬،‫ ﻳﺴﺮوا وﻻ ﺗﻌﺴﺮوا‬،‫ اﻟﻤﺸﻘﺔ ﺗﺠﻠﺐ اﻟﺘﻴﺴﻴﺮ‬،‫اﻟﻀﺮورات ﺗﺒﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺤﻈﻮرات‬
.‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻣﺒﻨﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻣﺤﺔ‬
ÒcÖ‡qvR‡bi LvwZ‡i wbwl× KvRmg~n ˆea n‡q hvq; RwUjZv mnwRKi‡Yi `vwe iv‡L,
gvby‡li mv‡_ b¤ªZv cÖ`k©b K‡iv, K‡VviZv K‡iv bv; AvbyMZ¨ mva¨vbyhvqx; ev›`vi Dci
Avjøvni nK D`vi cÖK…wZi|Ó102
G QvovI Bgvg Avjx gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡j‡Qb- ‫ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻳﺪار ﻋﻠﻰ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ÒkiÔqx weavb
cÖ‡qvR‡bi wfwˇZ AvewZ©Z nq|Ó103
Avkv Kwi GZUzKz cwi®‹vi n‡q‡Q ‡h, †Pqv‡ii g‡Zv Ae¯’v‡b e‡m bvgvh ivm~j I
mvnvev‡`i hy‡M wQ‡jv| GQvov cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi g~jbxwZ AbyhvqxI †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq
‰ea cÖgvwYZ nq| myZivs †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh‡K A‰ea ejv AMÖnY‡hvM¨ Ges GKwU fzj
wm×všÍ|
GmKj kiÔqx `jx‡ji Av‡jv‡K Ges ev¯Íev‡_©B cÖ‡qvRb Abyfe K‡i `viæj Dj~g
†`Ie›`, `viæj Dj~g KivPx I `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvixmn A‡bK `viæj BdZvi weÁ
gydwZqv‡b †Kivg kZ©mv‡c‡ÿ Gi AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb|104 weMZ wKQz w`b c~‡e© BmjvwgK

101 dvZûj Kv`xi: 1/249, gvKZvevZiz ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

102 Avj Avkevn Iqvb bvhv‡qi: 1/250, 251, 226, mnxn eyLvix (69), iÏyj gynZvi 1/545 GBP, Gg, mvC`, Avj
wn`vqv, 1/83, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
103 Avj wn`vqv, wKZveyZ ZvjvK 2/355, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv
104 D‡jøL¨ †h, wKQz weav‡bi †ÿ‡Î kixÔAvZ weKí e¨e¯’v †i‡L‡Q; g~j c×wZ MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j weKí c×wZ MÖnY

Kivi myweav‡_©| G mKj weav‡bi †ÿ‡Î kixÔAv‡Zi †ghvR n‡jv, cxovµvšÍ e¨w³i kZKó ¯^xKvi K‡i g~j c×wZ
Abyhvqx Avgj bv K‡i weKí c×wZ MÖnY KivB DËg| welqwU wb‡¤œi nv`xm¸‡jv †_‡K ¯úó|
‫ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ‬، ‫ ﻳﺎ أﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ إﻧﻲ أﻗﻮى ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﻴﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬: ‫ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻋﻨﺪ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ إذ ﺟﺎءﻩ رﺟﻞ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﻋﻦ أﻳﻲ ﻃﻌﻤﺔ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ رواﻩ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻬﻴﺸﻤﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬.‫ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻹﺛﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﺎل ﻋﺮﻓﺔ‬، ‫ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ رﺧﺼﺔ اﻟﻠﻪ‬: ‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮل‬
.‫ واﺳﻨﺎد أﺣﻤﺪ ﺣﺴﻦ‬،‫أﺣﻤﺪ واﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 83
dvD‡Ûkb †_‡K †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh bv nIqvi dvZIqv w`‡j Avgv‡`i
†`‡ki weÁ gydwZqv‡b ‡Kivg Zvi we‡ivwaZv K‡i Rv‡qh nIqvi dvZIqv w`‡q‡Qb|
A_P Avcwb mywbw`©ó cÖgvY QvovB D³ dvZIqv‡K fzj BRwZnv` e‡j AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb|
G Dw³ KZUzKz Bbmvdc~Y© n‡q‡Q Zv Avkv Kwi †f‡e †`L‡eb|
`yB.
†Pqv‡i emv wK bvgv‡hi ¯^xK…Z c×wZ ÔKzÔD`-Gi AšÍfz©³?
Avcwb (‫ )ﻗﻌﻮد‬KzÔD` wel‡q AcÖ‡qvRbxq j¤^v Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| m~iv Avj Bgiv‡bi 191
bs AvqvZ kj  ih gf e D‡jøL K‡i Zvdmx‡i Kvexi I Av`-
`yiiæj gvbQzi †_‡K Avgv‡`i gvhnv‡ei Bgvg‡`i Zzjbvq Ab¨ gvhnv‡ei e³e¨B †ewk
D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| G‡Z ‡h mKj e³e¨ DwjøwLZ n‡q‡Q Zv‡ZI †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq
bvRv‡qh nIqvi K_v D‡jøL †bB| G †_‡K Av‡jvP¨welq‡K cÖgvY Kiv Dm~‡j wdK‡ni
`„wó‡ZI MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| ZvB cÖ‡Z¨KwUi wfbœ wfbœ Reve bv w`‡q †gŠwjK Av‡jvPbvi
gva¨‡g mskq wbimb Kiv n‡jv|
nv`x‡m †Kv‡bv e¨w³ wKqvg Ki‡Z Aÿg n‡j Zv‡K emvi my‡hvM †`qv n‡q‡Q| emvi
c×wZ A‡bKUvB wKqv‡g Aÿg e¨w³i Ae¯’vi Dci †Q‡o †`qv n‡q‡Q| GRb¨B Bgvg
Avey nvbxdv ivn.-Gi D¯Ívh wewkó Zv‡eC Bgvg AvZv ivn. †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó c×wZ D‡jøL
K‡ibwb| Amy¯’ e¨w³i mv‡a¨i Dci †Q‡o w`‡q‡Qb| nhiZ Be‡b Avex jvqjv ivn.105
eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﻄﺎء ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺻﻼة اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﻳﻘﻌﺪ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺷﺎء‬
ÒnhiZ AvZv ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡m bvgvh Av`vqKvix e¨w³i e¨vcv‡i e‡jb,
†hfv‡e em‡j Zvi myweav nq, †mfv‡eB em‡Z cvi‡e|Ó106
‡Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bgvg cÖPwjZ wKQz c×wZi Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jI cÖ‡qvR‡b Ab¨ c×wZ
Aej¤^‡bi my‡hvM †i‡L w`‡q‡Qb| †hgb Bgvg kvgmyÏxb mvivLmx ivn. emvi c×wZi

:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬.‫ إن اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﺒﺎرك وﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﺗﺆﺗﻰ رﺧﺼﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ أن ﺗﺆﺗﻰ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺘﻪ‬:‫وﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ أن اﻟﻨﺒﻰ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ وإﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﺣﺴﻦ‬،‫ واﻟﺒﺰار واﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷوﺳﻂ‬،‫ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬،‫رواﻩ أﺣﻤﺪ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ‬.‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
إن اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﺒﺎرك وﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﺗﺆﺗﻰ رﺧﺼﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﺗﺆﺗﻰ ﻋﺰاﺋﻤﻪ‬:‫وﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل‬
‫ )أورد اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻰ ﻓﻲ "ﻣﺠﻤﻊ‬.‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ رﺟﺎل اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ‬،‫ ورﺟﺎل اﻟﺒﺰار ﺛﻘﺎت‬،‫ رواﻩ أﺣﻤﺪ واﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ واﻟﺒﺰار‬:‫اﻟﻠﻪ‬
(‫اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ" ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺼﻮم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﻲ‬،‫ )رواﻩ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺒﺨﺎرى ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬.‫ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ إﻧﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺑﻴﻦ أﻣﺮﻳﻦ إﻻ أﺧﺬ أﻳﺴﺮ ﻫﻤﺎ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ  أﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬
(
‫ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﺒﻰ‬
105 Avey Avãyi ingvb gynv¤§` Be‡b Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Avex jvqjv AvjdKxn, AvjKvhx, Avjnvbvdx, AvjK~dx| wZwb

76 wnRix‡Z K~dvq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 148 wnRix‡Z ‡mLv‡bB B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb Bgvg Avey Avgi AvkkvÔex
(100 wn.), bv‡dÔ gvIjv Be‡b Dgi (117 wn.), AvZv Be‡b Avex ivevn ivn. (114 wn.) †_‡K nv`xm eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg hvnvex ivn. e‡jb, wZwb wdKn kv‡¯¿ Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn.-Gi mgchv©‡qi wQ‡jb| mywdqvb mvIix
(161 wn.), mywdqvb Be‡b DqvBbv (198 wn.) Zuvi †_‡K nv`xm eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| (Zvnhxeyj Kvgvj: 17/372)
106 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvqev: 6/66 nv`xm bs 8873 gyqvm&mvmvZz Dj~wgj KziAvb
84 `imyj wdK&n
†ÿ‡Î wKqv‡g Aÿg e¨w³ mv‡a¨i Dci †Q‡o w`‡q e¨vcK KviY D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| wZwb
e‡jb-
‫ وإن ﺷﺎء ﻣﺘﺮﺑﻌﺎ؛‬،‫ إن ﺷﺎء ﻣﺤﺘﺒﻴﺎ‬،‫واﻟﻤﺼﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا ﺗﻄﻮﻋﺎ أو ﻓﺮﻳﻀﺔ ﺑﻌﺬر ﻳﺘﺮﺑﻊ وﻳﻘﻌﺪ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺷﺎء ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻛﺮاﻫﺔ‬
.‫ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺟﺎز ﻟﻪ ﺗﺮك أﺻﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﻓﺘﺮك ﺻﻔﺔ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد أوﻟﻰ‬
ÒIR‡ii Kvi‡Y †h e¨w³ e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e, dih bvgvh †nvK ev bdj bvgvh, ‡m
PviRvby n‡q ev Zvi B”Qvg‡Zv Ab¨fv‡e em‡Z cvi‡e| G‡Z (Zvi bvgvh) gvKiƒn n‡e
bv| †m Dfq nuvUz DwV‡qI em‡Z cvi‡e| PviRvby n‡qI em‡Z cvi‡e| †Kbbv `uvov‡bvi
weavb cwic~Y©fv‡e †Q‡o †`qv Zvi Rb¨ ‰ea| myZivs emvi wbqg †Q‡o †`Iqv Zvi Rb¨
AwaKZi ˆea n‡e|Ó107
G b‡m gvÔh~i e¨w³‡K emvi †ÿ‡Î ¯^vaxbZv †`qvi ci wZwb †h KviY D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb,
Zv A‡bK e¨vcK| IR‡ii Kvi‡Y hLb Zvi †_‡K wKqv‡gi dih gvd n‡q‡Q ZLb emvi
c×wZi gv‡S mxgve× Kiv cÖ`vb bv KivB DËg; Avi ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB †evSv hvq, †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv wKZv‡e †h `yÕGKwU c×wZi K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K mxgve×Zv D‡Ïk¨
bq|
†h e¨w³ e‡m bvgvh co‡Z mÿg, †h c×wZ‡ZB †nvK bv †Kb, Zvi Rb¨ ï‡q bvgvh
covi AbygwZ †bB| Bgvg e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn. D‡jøL K‡ib-
‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم وﻟﻮ ﻗﺪر آﻳﺔ أو ﺗﻜﺒﻴﺮة ﻳﻘﻮم ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻘﺪر وإن ﻋﺠﺰ ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻌﺪ‬
‫ وﻛﺬا إذا ﻋﺠﺰ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد وﻗﺪر‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺮوى ﻋﻦ أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﺧﻼﻓﻪ‬،‫ ﻫﺬا ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬،‫ﺧﻔﺖ أن ﺗﻔﺴﺪ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺗﻜﺎء أو اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎد إﻟﻰ إﻧﺴﺎن أو ﺣﺎﺋﻂ أو وﺳﺎدة ﻻ ﻳﺠﺰﺋﻪ‬
ÒBgvg Avey Rvdi Znvex ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z Av‡Q- hw` gvÕh~i e¨w³ bvgv‡hi g‡a¨ wKQz
mg‡qi Rb¨ wKqvg Ki‡Z mÿg nq, hw`I Zv GK AvqvZ ev GK ZvKexi cwigvY †nvK
bv †Kb, Zvi Rb¨ †m cwigvY mgq wKqvg Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi hw` G‡ZI Aÿg nq, Zvn‡j
e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e| hw` mvgvb¨ mgq wKqvg Ki‡Z mÿg _vKvi ciI Zv †Q‡o
†`q, Zvn‡j Zvi bvgvh f½ nIqvi Avk¼v i‡q‡Q| GUvB (nvbvdx) gvhnv‡ei wm×všÍ|
gvhnv‡ei †Kv‡bv Bgv‡gi GB g‡Zi wecixZ AwfgZ cvIqv hvq bv| Ggwbfv‡e ‡KD
hw` em‡Z Aÿg nq Z‡e ‡njvb w`‡q ev †Kv‡bv gvbyl, †`qvj A_ev evwj‡ki mv‡_ †UK
jvwM‡q em‡Z mÿg nq, Zvn‡j †mfv‡eB e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| GgAe¯’vq hw`
†m wPZ n‡q ï‡q bvgvh Av`vq K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi bvgvh n‡e bv|Ó108
dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi e³e¨ †_‡K GUvI †evSv hvq †h, †Kv‡bv e¨w³ e‡m bvgvh co‡Z bv
cvi‡j hÏyi m¤¢e emvi KvQvKvwQ †Kv‡bv c×wZ Aej¤^b Ki‡e| †hgb Bgvg AvKgvjyÏxb
Avj evexiZx ivn. ï‡q bvgvh covi †ÿ‡ÎI h_vm¤¢e emvi KvQvKvwQ Ae¯’v Aej¤^b
Kivi K_v e‡j‡Qb-

107 Avj gvem~Z: 1/210, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn

108 Avj webvqv: 2/635, gvKZvev‡q bvCwgqv
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 85
‫)ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد اﺳﺘﻠﻘﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻇﻬﺮﻩ وﺟﻌﻞ وﺳﺎدة ﺗﺤﺖ رأﺳﻪ( ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺷﺒﻪ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﻟﻴﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ‬
.‫ إذ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻠﻘﺎء ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻷﺻﺤﺎء ﻋﻦ اﻹﻳﻤﺎء‬،‫اﻹﻳﻤﺎء واﻟﺮﻛﻮع واﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬
Òhw` gvÕh~i e¨w³ em‡Z Aÿg nq, Zvn‡j wPZ n‡q wc‡Vi Dci ï‡q co‡e Ges emvi
mv`„k¨ Aej¤^b Kivi Rb¨ gv_vi wb‡P evwjk w`‡e, †hb gv_v Øviv iæKz, wmR`vi Rb¨
Bkviv Ki‡Z cv‡i|...Ó109
†Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` IR‡ii Kvi‡Y cv wb‡P ivL‡Z bv cv‡i, Szwj‡q ivL‡Z nq, wb‡P e‡m
bvgvh coviI mva¨ †bB, Zvi Rb¨ Gfv‡eB bvgvh covi my‡hvM Av‡Q| ‡hgb c~‡e© nhiZ
Avey evihv ivwh.-Gi Avgj D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q; eis Zvi emvi †ÿ‡ÎI Ryjym kãB e¨eü
n‡q‡Q| Lvqiæj Kziæ‡b cÖ‡qvR‡b Ak^v‡ivnx †Nvovq Av‡ivnY Kiv Ae¯’vq bvgvh Av`vq
Kivi bwhi we`¨gvb Av‡Q| nhiZ BÔqvjv Be‡b gyi&iv ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﻤﻄﺮوا‬،‫ ﻓﺤﻀﺮت اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻬﻮا إﻟﻰ ﻣﻀﻴﻖ‬،‫أﻧﻬﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﺘﻘﺪم ﻋﻠﻰ‬،‫ وأﻗﺎم‬،‫ "ﻓﺄذن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ وﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ راﺣﻠﺘﻪ‬،‫ واﻟﺒﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬،‫ﻓﻮﻗﻬﻢ‬
."‫ ﻳﺠﻌﻞ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد أﺧﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﻮع‬:‫ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻳﻮﻣﺊ إﻳﻤﺎء‬،‫راﺣﻠﺘﻪ‬
ÒZviv (mvnvev‡q †Kivg) GKevi bexRx -Gi mv‡_ GK md‡i wQ‡jb| Zuviv GKwU
msKxY© f~wg‡Z DcbxZ n‡jb Ges bvgv‡hi mgq mgvMZ n‡jv| GgZve¯’vq Zviv cvwb‡Z
†ewóZ n‡q co‡jb| AvKvk gv_vi Dci †_‡K el©Y Ki‡Q| Avi Av`ª©Zv wbP †_‡K R‡g
DV‡Q| ivm~j Avhvb-BKvgvZ w`‡jb Ges ¯^xq evnb wb‡q mevi mvg‡b GwM‡q wM‡q
evn‡bi Dci e‡mB Bkvivq bvgvh cov‡jb| ‡mR`vi mgq gv_v‡K iæKzi †P‡q GKUz
†ewk SzuKv‡jb|Ó110
G nv`xm †_‡K ivm~j -Gi evn‡b Av‡ivnY Kiv Ae¯’vq dih bvgvh Av`vq Kivi
cÖgvY †g‡j| G nv`x‡mi mg_©‡b nhiZ AvbvQ ivwh.-Gi AvgjI GLv‡b D‡jøL‡hvM¨|
Bgvg Be‡b mxixb ivn.111 e‡jb-
‫أﻗﺒﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ أﻧﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ إذا ﻛﻨﺎ ﺑﺄﻃﻴﻂ )ﺟﺒﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﺼﺮة واﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ( أﺻﺒﺤﻨﺎ واﻷرض ﻃﻴﻦ‬
.‫ ﻣﺎ ﺻﻠﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻗﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ داﺑﺘﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻴﻮم‬:‫ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ داﺑﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل‬،‫وﻣﺎء‬
ÒAvgiv Avbvm Be‡b gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ Kzdv †_‡K wdiwQjvg| AvZxZ (Kzdv I emivi

109 Avj Bbvqv: 2/4, dvZûj Kv`x‡ii UxKv

110 Rv‡g wZiwghx: nv`xm bs 411
‫ وﺿﻌﻔﻪ اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ واﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻰ‬،‫ واﻟﻨﻮوي إﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﺣﺴﻦ‬،‫ إﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺤﻖ‬:٥٢٢/١ ‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺮ‬
.‫واﺑﻦ اﻟﻘﻄﺎن ﻟﺤﺎل ﻋﻤﺮو ﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن‬
111 Avey eKi gynv¤§` Be‡b mxixb Avjemix, AvjAvbQvix| 33 wnRix‡Z emivq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 87 eQi eq‡m

emiv‡ZB B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Zuvi wcZv mxixb nhiZ Avbvm Be‡b gv‡jK ivwh.-Gi Avhv`K…Z †Mvjvg Ges Zuvi gvZv
Qwdq¨vn nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh.-Gi Avhv`K…Z euv`x wQ‡jb| wZwb nhiZ Avbvm Be‡b gv‡jK, nhiZ Avãyjøvn
Be‡b Dgi, nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm, nhiZ Avey ûivqivn ivwh. cÖgyL mvnvev‡q †Kivg †_‡K nv`xm eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb| nhiZ KvZv`vn, nhiZ Avey AvBqye mvLwZqvbx, nhiZ Kziivn Be‡b Lvwj` cÖgyL Zuvi weL¨vZ kvMwi`|
wZwb Zvdmxi, nv`xm, wdKn I ¯^‡cœi Zvexi BZ¨vw` kv‡¯¿i Bgvg wQ‡jb| (Zvnhxeyj Kvgvj: 9/27, ZvKixeyZ
Zvnhxe: 2/85)
86 `imyj wdK&n
ga¨eZx© cvnvwo AÂj) bvgK ¯’v‡b DcbxZ n‡q Avgiv Kv`v cvwb‡Z AvU‡K cojvg|
wZwb dih bvgvh evn‡bi Dci Av`vq Ki‡jb Ges ej‡jb, Avwg AvR‡Ki Av‡M KL‡bv
dih bvgvh evn‡bi Dci Av`vq Kwiwb|Ó112
IR‡ii †gŠwjK Dm~j I DwjøwLZ eY©bvi wfwˇZ cieZ©x dzKvnv‡q †KivgI e‡j‡Qb,
cÖ‡qvR‡b †Kv‡bv Ak^v‡ivnx †Nvovq Av‡ivnY Kiv Ae¯’vq dih bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z
cvi‡e| wb‡¤œ `yÕGKwU bm D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv| Bgvg Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvngy` Avj gvIwmjx
ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ إذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺰول ﻟﻤﺮض أو‬،‫ﻣﺮﻳﺾ راﻛﺐ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﺰﻟﻪ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ راﻛﺒﺎ ﺑﺈﻳﻤﺎء‬
.‫ﻣﻄﺮ أو ﻃﻴﻦ أو ﻋﺪو‬
ÒAmy¯’ e¨w³ hw` Av‡ivnxZ Ae¯’vq _v‡K Ges Zv‡K evnb †_‡K bvgv‡bvi Rb¨ †KD bv
_v‡K, Zvn‡j †m evn‡bi DciB dih bvgvh Bkvivq Av`vq Ki‡e| Abyiƒc weavb hw`
Av‡ivnx ‡Kv‡bv Amy¯Z ’ v, e„wó, Kv`v A_ev kÎæi f‡qi Kvi‡Y evnb †_‡K bvg‡Z bv
cv‡i|Ó 113

welqwU Av‡iv ¯úó K‡i gyLZvmviæj Kz`~ixi e¨vL¨vKvi Avjøvgv nvÏv`x ivn. e‡jb-
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺠﻮز ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪاﺑﺔ إﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺬر وﻫﻮ أن ﻳﺨﺎف ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺰول ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ أو داﺑﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺒﻊ أو ﻟﺺ أو‬
‫ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻃﻴﻦ أو ردﻏﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎ ﺟﺎﻓﺎ أو ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺪاﺑﺔ ﺟﻤﻮﺣﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻧﺰل ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪ اﻟﺮﻛﻮب إﻻ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻌﻴﻦ أو ﻛﺎن ﺷﻴﺨﺎ ﻛﺒﻴﺮا ﻟﻮ ﻧﺰل ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪ وﻻ ﻳﺠﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﺘﺠﻮز ﺻﻼة اﻟﻔﺮض ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻷﺣﻮال ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪاﺑﺔ وﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ اﻹﻋﺎدة‬
Òdih bvgvh mIqvwii Dci Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| nu¨v, Z‡e hw` †Kv‡bv AcivMZv
_v‡K †hgb, evnb ‡_‡K bvg‡j Zvi wb‡Ri ev evn‡bi †Kv‡bv wns¯ª Rš‘ ev †Pvi WvKv‡Zi
Øviv ÿwZMÖ¯Í nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| A_ev Kv`v gvwUi gv‡S, †hLv‡b bvgvh Av`vq Kivi
g‡Zv †Kv‡bv ïK‡bv RvqMv ‡bB| A_ev mIqvwi hw` Ggb Aeva¨ nq †h, Zv †_‡K
AeZiY Kivi ci mvnvh¨Kvix Qvov Av‡ivn‡Yi my‡hvM †bB| A_ev †m hw` e„× nq Ges
AeZi‡Yi ci Av‡ivn‡Y mvnvh¨ Ki‡e Ggb †KD bv _v‡K| Gme Ae¯’vq dih bvgvh
evn‡bi Dci Av`vq Kiv hv‡e Ges Zvi Dci bvgvh †`vniv‡bv Avek¨K n‡e bv|Ó114
Bgvg hvBjvC ivn., Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn., Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb ivn. I Avjøvgv
Kvk¥xix ivn. GKB e³e¨ D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|115
nv`xm, AvQvi I dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi e³e¨ †_‡K ¯úó n‡jv †h, mywbw`©ó IR‡ii Kvi‡Y
mIqvwi‡Z e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv hv‡e| mIqvwi‡Z emv Avi †Pqv‡i emvi gv‡S
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cv_©K¨ †bB; eis mIqvwi‡Z emv †Pqv‡i emvi Zzjbvq Av‡iv A¯^vfvweK|

‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ وأو ﻣﺄ أﻳﻤﺎء وﺟﻌﻞ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬:‫ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﻪ وزاد‬.‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬112
.‫أﺧﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﻮع‬
113 Avj BLwZqvi wjZvÔwjwjj gyLZvi: 1/134, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv
114 Avj RvInvivZzb bvwq¨iv: 1/90, gvKZvev‡q nv°vwbq¨v, gyjZvb, cvwK¯Ívb
115 iÏyj gynZvi: 2/96, Avj Avidzk kvhx, `ª. dvZûj gyjwng: 4/413
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 87
ZvB ev¯Íem¤§Z IR‡ii Kvi‡Y †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi Aby‡gv`b GLvb †_‡KI
cÖgvwYZ nq|
wZb.
Bû`x-L„÷vb‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨
Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GKwU Dm~j n‡jv, weag©x‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ Aej¤^b Kiv
†_‡K †eu‡P _vKv| G wel‡q GKvwaK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| KziAv‡bI wewfbœfv‡e Gwel‡q
¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Bmjvg eû kvLv cÖkvLvi
mgš^‡q GKwU c~Y©v½ Rxeb e¨e¯’v| Bmjv‡gi A½-cÖZ¨½¸‡jv (Avgv‡`i Kj¨vY mvab I
mydj cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î) ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ Mfxifv‡e m¤ú„³| AZGe Bmjv‡gi †h †Kv‡bv
kvLvq mwVK wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ nIqvi Rb¨ Bmjvg‡K mvgwMÖKfv‡e Ae‡jvKb Kiv
Avek¨K| we‡kl K‡i ZvnKxK I M‡elYvi †ÿ‡Î GUv Acwinvh©| †Kbbv LÐ`„wó Øviv
†Kv‡bv welq wbfz©j aviYv jvf K‡i mwVK wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ nIqv m¤¢e bq|
weag©x‡`i mv`„k¨ Aej¤^‡bi wb‡lavÁv GZ e¨vcK bq †h, †h‡Kv‡bv mv`„k¨ ev GKiƒcZv
Gi AvIZvq G‡m hv‡e| Ab¨_vq Avgv‡`i ‰`bw›`b Rxe‡bi A‡bK KvR ev` w`‡Z n‡e|
ej‡Z †M‡j cy‡iv RxebhvÎvi ¯^vfvweKZv e¨vnZ n‡q co‡e| G Rb¨ dzKvnv‡q †Kivg
mv`„k¨ wb‡l‡ai `jxj Ges kixÔAv‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ `jxj we‡ePbv K‡i weavbwU‡K wbw`©ó
mxgvq G‡b e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬،‫ ﺑﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺬﻣﻮم وﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻟﺘﺸﺒﻪ‬،‫ﻓﺈن اﻟﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲء‬
Òme©‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡`i mv`„k¨ Aej¤^b wb›`bxq bq| GUv ZLbB wb›`bxq n‡e hLb Zv n‡e
g›` Kv‡R Ges Ggb †ÿ‡Î †hLv‡b mv`„k¨ MÖnb D‡Ïk¨ nq|Ó116
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. Gi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
‫ وﻳﺆﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺬﺧﻴﺮة ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﻛﺘﺎب‬،‫ﻓﺈﻧﺎ ﻧﺄﻛﻞ وﻧﺸﺮب ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮن ﺑﺤﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺮح اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺧﺎن‬
‫ أﺗﺮى ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺄﺳﺎ؟ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬،‫ رأﻳﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺑﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻧﻌﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻫﺸﺎم‬.‫اﻟﺘﺤﺮي‬
‫ ﺳﻔﻴﺎن وﺛﻮر ﺑﻦ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻛﺮﻫﺎ ذﻟﻚ ﻷن ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﺸﺒﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎن؛ ﻓﻘﺎل »ﻛﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻠﺒﺲ اﻟﻨﻌﺎل‬:‫ ﻗﻠﺖ‬،‫ﻻ‬
،‫ ﻓﻘﺪ أﺷﺎر إﻟﻰ أن ﺻﻮرة اﻟﻤﺸﺎﺑﻬﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻼح اﻟﻌﺒﺎد ﻻ ﻳﻀﺮ‬.‫اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺷﻌﺮ« وإﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺎس اﻟﺮﻫﺒﺎن‬
‫ اﻫـ‬.‫ﻓﺈن اﻷرض ﻣﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻗﻄﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪة ﻓﻴﻬﺎ إﻻ ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع‬
ÒAvj evniæi ivwq‡K KvwhLv‡bi Avj RvwgDm mMx‡ii e¨vL¨vMÖš’ †_‡K bKj Kiv n‡q‡Q:
(Kv‡di‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨Zv me †ÿ‡ÎB †h g›` bq G cÖm‡½) AvgivI Zv‡`i g‡ZvB
cvbvnvi Kwi...|
GB e³‡e¨i mg_©b cvIqv hvq Avh hLxiv MÖ‡š’- wnkvg ivn. e‡jb, Avwg Avey BDmyd
ivn.-Gi cv‡q †jvnvi LyuwUhy³ GK cvwU RyZv †`Ljvg| Zvu‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg, GLv‡b
†jvnvi e¨env‡i Avcwb †Kv‡bv mgm¨v Av‡Q e‡j g‡b K‡ib? wZwb ej‡jb, bv| Avwg
ejjvg, mywdqvb Ges mvIi Be‡b hvq` G‡Z iænevb ev ˆeivMx‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ nq
116 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/464, gvKZvev‡q Avhnvi
88 `imyj wdK&n
weavq GUv‡K AcQ›` Ki‡Zb| Gi cÖwZDˇi wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyjøvn ckghy³ RyZv
e¨envi Ki‡Zb| GUvI †Zv ‰eivMx‡`i cwi‡aq|Ó wZwb Gw`‡K Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb ‡h,
DcKvi I myweav i‡q‡Q Ggb Kv‡R mv`„k¨ n‡j †Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bB...|Ó117
GLv‡b Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRb Ges Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn.-Gi e³e¨ †_‡K G
g~jbxwZ ‡ei K‡i‡Qb ‡h, gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRb wgUv‡Z ev Kj¨vYmvab Ki‡Z weagx©‡`i mv‡_
mv`„k¨ n‡jI AvcwËi wKQz †bB| cÖ‡qvR‡b ev †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y mv`„k¨ Aby‡gvw`Z| †hgb
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
‫و )ﻳﻜﻔﺮ( ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﻗﻠﻨﺴﻮة اﻟﻤﺠﻮﺳﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ رأﺳﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ إﻻ ﻟﻀﺮورة دﻓﻊ اﻟﺤﺮ أو اﻟﺒﺮد وﺑﺸﺪ اﻟﺰﻧﺎر ﻓﻲ‬
.‫وﺳﻄﻪ إﻻ إذا ﻓﻌﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺧﺪﻳﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺮب وﻃﻠﻴﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
Òweï× gZ Abyhvqx Mig VvÛv †_‡K iÿv cvIqvi GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb Qvov AwMœc~Rvix‡`i
Uzwc cwiavb Ki‡j ZvKdxi Kiv n‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e wLª÷vb‡`i (we‡kl) ‡KvgieÜbxi
†ÿ‡ÎI GKB K_v| nu¨v, Z‡e hw` Zv n‡q _v‡K kÎæ‡K †auvKv w`‡Z Ges gymjgvb‡`i
Kj¨v‡Y, Zvn‡j mgm¨v bvB|Ó118
nvKxgyj D¤§Z nhiZ Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. GK Av‡jvPbv cÖm‡½ e‡jb-
ã ä ‫ ﺷﺮﻋﻴﻪ ﻛﺨﺪع اﻫﻞ اﻟﺤﺮب واﻟﺘﻨﺠﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬µqr ‫ ﻛﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﺤﺮ واﻟﺒﺮد‬ÝJÞ†
ßàá
â
1190>‹

†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi ‰eaZv wb‡q hviv AvcwË K‡i‡Qb Zviv †Rv‡i‡kv‡i G welqwU
mvg‡b Avb‡Z Pvb| mv`„‡k¨i cÖkœ Zz‡jB g‡b K‡ib hviv AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb Zv‡`i K_v
`jxjwbf©i bq| A_P hviv AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb Zviv cÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K we‡ePbv K‡iB AbygwZ
w`‡q‡Qb| cÖ‡qvRb e¨wZ‡i‡K †Pqv‡i bvgvh bv nIqvi K_vI ¯úófv‡eB e‡j‡Qb| G
cÖm‡½ Avgv‡`i dvZIqv wefvM †_‡K cÖKvwkZ wØZxq dvZIqvi Askwe‡kl Zz‡j aiwQ-
ÒAcviMZv I cÖ‡qvR‡bi †ÿ‡Î mv`„k¨ A‰eaZvi KviY bq| A_©vr, hv Ki‡Z gvbyl eva¨,
hv bv n‡j gvby‡li Rb¨ K‡ói KviY n‡e, Ggb wel‡q mv`„‡k¨i weavb cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| KviY
G mKj welq Kv‡iv mv`„k¨ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Kiv nq bv; eis cÖ‡qvR‡b Kiv nq| ZvB KviY
ev inm¨ bv ey‡S ïay mv`„k¨ †`‡LB hw` XvjvIfv‡e mv`„k¨c~Y© welq¸‡jv‡K nvivg e‡j
†`qv nq, Zvn‡j LvIqv-`vIqvmn Rxeb avi‡Yi A‡bK †gŠwjK welqI Zvi AvIZvq P‡j
Avm‡e| KviY, Gme welq †gŠwjKfv‡e mv`„k¨c~Y©| Avi G me nvivg n‡q †M‡j gvbe
RxebB wecbœ n‡q co‡e| ZvB †h mKj welq Avek¨K, cÖ‡qvRbxq I DcKvix bq ev †h
mKj †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jv †gUv‡bvi c_ I cš’v GKvwaK n‡Z cv‡i †m mKj †ÿ‡Î
mv`„k¨c~Y© iƒc‡iLv eR©b K‡i mv`„k¨nxb cš’v Aej¤^‡bi wb‡`©k Kiv nq|
GwU ZLb kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z IR‡ii AšÍfz©³ n‡e| AZGe †Pqv‡ii GB ˆea I

117 iÏyj gynZvi: 2/464, gvKZvev‡q Avhnvi

118 Avj evniæi ivwqK: 5/208, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
119 evIqvw`iæb bvIqv‡`i: 454, gvKZvev‡q Rv‡q`, †`Ie›`
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 89
cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨envi‡K mv`„‡k¨i ARynv‡Z A‰ea ejv hv‡e bv|Ó
D‡jøL¨, Avgv‡`i g~j Av‡jvP¨ welq cÖ‡qvR‡b †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgv‡hi AbygwZ cÖ`vb Kiv|
AcÖ‡qvRbxq e¨envi AvgivI wb‡la ewj| Ace¨envi eÜ Kiv Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨env‡ii
gv‡S mxgve× ivLvi Rb¨ mZK©Zv wn‡m‡e wewfbœ dvZIqvq mv`„‡k¨i K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q
_v‡K|
Pvi.
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgv‡hi AbygwZ w`‡j Ace¨env‡ii `iRv Ly‡j hv‡e
Avcwb e‡j‡Qb , †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi AbygwZ w`‡j my‡hvM mÜvbx‡`i `iRv Ly‡j
‡`qv n‡e| A_P kixÔAv‡Z G‡ÿ‡Î `iRv eÜ K‡i ‡`qvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q\
G msµvšÍ weavbvejx dzKvnv‡q ‡Kivg mvaviYZ ‫ ﺳﺪ اﻟﺬراﺋﻊ‬wk‡ivbv‡g D‡jøL K‡i _v‡Kb|
Gi mij e¨vL¨v n‡jv, wbwl× Kv‡Ri gva¨g‡K wbwl× Kiv hv‡Z wQ`ªc_ bv _v‡K| wbwl×
Kv‡Ri cwiwa A‡bK eo| Ab¨ w`‡K †h KvR‡K wbwl× Kv‡Ri gva¨g aviYv Kiv n‡”Q
†mwUI wewfbœ ch©v‡qi| †Kv‡bv mgq dih ch©v‡qi weavb‡K †KD nvivg Kv‡Ri gva¨g
evwb‡q _v‡K| Avevi wKQz e¨eüZ gva¨g Av‡Q gyevn ev Rv‡qh ch©v‡qi| GQvovI
cÖ‡qvR‡bi ZvwM‡` Aej¤^bK…Z gva¨gI Av‡Q|
DwjøwLZ bxwZ †_‡K e¨vcK A_© D‡Ïk¨ wb‡j A‡bK weavbB e¨vnZ n‡q co‡e| ‡hgb,
gwnjv‡`i wnRve e¨envi Kiv GKwU kixÔAvZ¯^xK…Z welq| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b A‡b‡KB Gi
Ace¨envi K‡i _v‡K| Ab¨vq KvR K‡i wbivc‡` m‡i Avmvi Rb¨ wnRve Aej¤^b K‡i
_v‡K| wnRve cwiavb K‡i ivóªxq Avmvgx cjvqb Kivi welq ARvbv _vKvi K_v bq| G
ai‡bi Av‡iv D`vniY †ck Kiv hv‡e; Z‡e †evSvi Rb¨ GZUzKzB h‡_ó| g~j K_v n‡jv,
†Kv‡bv weavb‡K ‡KD nviv‡gi gva¨g evbv‡jB Zv wb‡la n‡q hv‡e bv| Gi wewfbœ ¯Íi I
cÖKvi i‡q‡Q| Bgvg Aveyj AveŸvm Avj Kvivdx ivn.120 e‡jb-
‫اﻟﺬراﺋﻊ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻗﺴﺎم‬
‫ ﻗﺴﻢ أﺟﻤﻌﺖ اﻷﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺪﻩ وﻣﻨﻌﻪ وﺣﺴﻤﻪ ﻛﺤﻔﺮ اﻵﺑﺎر ﻓﻲ ﻃﺮق اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﺔ إﻟﻰ إﻫﻼﻛﻬﻢ‬.١
.‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ إﻟﻘﺎء اﻟﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ أﻃﻌﻤﺘﻬﻢ وﺳﺐ اﻷﺻﻨﺎم ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺐ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺳﺒﻬﺎ‬
‫ وﻗﺴﻢ أﺟﻤﻌﺖ اﻷﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪم ﻣﻨﻌﻪ وأﻧﻪ ذرﻳﻌﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺪ ووﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺤﺴﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ زراﻋﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﺐ ﺧﺸﻴﺔ‬.٢
.‫اﻟﺨﻤﺮ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﻪ أﺣﺪ وﻛﺎﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻴﻮت ﺧﺸﻴﺔ اﻟﺰﻧﻰ‬
.‫ وﻗﺴﻢ اﺧﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻫﻞ ﻳﺴﺪ أم ﻻ؟ ﻛﺒﻴﻮع اﻵﺟﺎل ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬.٣
ÒhvixÔAvmg~n (†Kv‡bv wRwb‡mi KviY ev gva¨g nq) wZb cÖKvi:

120 wknveyÏxb Aveyj AveŸvm Avngv` Be‡b B`ixm Be‡b Avãyi ingvb Avjwgkix, AvjKvivdx, Avjgv‡jKx| 626
wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 684 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| BhhyÏxb Be‡b Avãym mvjvg (660 wn.), Avey Avgi
Be‡b nvwRe (646 wn.) hKxDÏxb Bebyj gybwhix (656 wn.) Zuvi Ab¨Zg D¯Ív`| wdKn, Dm~‡j wdKn, jyMvnmn
wewfbœ kv‡¯¿ Zuvi Av‡bK g~j¨evb MÖš’ i‡q‡Q| AvbIqviæj eyiƒK dx AvbIqvÔBj dziƒK ZuviB Agi KxwZ©| (ZvevKvZzm
myeKx: 8/161, ûmbyj gynvhvivn wjmmyqyZx: 1/90, Avj AvÔjvg wjhwhwiKjx 1/210)
90 `imyj wdK&n
1. H mg¯Í hvixÔAv ev gva¨g †h¸‡jv wbwl× nevi e¨vcv‡i Kv‡iv wØgZ ‡bB| †hgb,
gymjgvb‡`i c‡_i Dci K~c ev MZ© Lbb Kiv| GUv KL‡bv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| KviY GUv
†h Kv‡iv cÖvYnvwbi KviY ev gva¨g n‡Z cv‡i| Abyiƒcfv‡e Lvev‡i wel wgwkÖZ Kiv|
Ggwbfv‡e H g~wZ©c~Rvixi mvg‡b g~wZ©‡K Mvjg›` Kiv, hvi e¨vcv‡i Rvbv Av‡Q †h, g~wZ©‡K
Mvjg›` Ki‡j ‡mI Avjøvn‡K Mvjg›` Ki‡e|
2. Av‡iK cÖKvi n‡jv, †hUv wbwl× bv nIqvi e¨vcv‡i mg¯Í Djvgv‡q †Kivg GKgZ| G
ai‡bi gva¨g †_‡K wb‡la Kiv n‡e bv| †hgb, g` ˆZix Kiv n‡e GB m¤¢vebvi Kvi‡Y
Av½yi Drcv`b †_‡K wb‡la Kiv n‡e bv...|
3. Avi wKQz hvixÔAv ev gva¨g Av‡Q †h¸‡jvi †ÿ‡Î gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q- Gme gva¨g‡K
wbwl× Kiv n‡e wK n‡e bv| ‡hgb, evwK‡Z †ePv‡Kbv|Ó121
dzKvnv‡q ‡Kiv‡gi DwjøwLZ G g~jbxwZ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv, Ggb gva¨g hv gyevn ev Rv‡qh
ch©v‡qi| hv cvjb ev Aej¤^b Kivi e¨vcv‡i kixÔAv‡Zi cÿ †_‡K ¯^Zš¿ †Kv‡bv Zje
†bB| G ai‡Yi gva¨g¸‡jvB D³ g~jbxwZ †_‡K D‡Ïk¨| Avjøvgv Be‡b iæk` ivn. (595
wn.)122 e‡jb-
.‫ وﻳﺘﻮﺻﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﻈﻮر‬،‫اﻟﺬراﺋﻊ ﻫﻰ اﻷﺷﻴﺎء اﻟﺘﻲ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻫﺎ اﻹﺑﺎﺣﺔ‬
Òhviv‡q n‡”Q H mg¯Í KvR †h¸‡jv evn¨Z ˆea; wKš‘ cwiYwZ‡Z G¸‡jv A‰ea Kv‡Ri
w`‡K wb‡q hvq|Ó123
Bgvg KziZzex ivn.124 e‡jb-
.‫ ﻳﺨﺎف ﻣﻦ ارﺗﻜﺎﺑﻪ اﻟﻮﻗﻮع ﻓﻲ ﻣﻤﻨﻮع‬،‫اﻟﺬرﻳﻌﺔ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ أﻣﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻤﻨﻮع ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬
ÒhvixÔAv ejv nq Ggb welq‡K †hUv mËvMZfv‡e ˆea; wKš‘ GUv Kivi Kvi‡Y A‰ea I
nviv‡g Rwo‡q covi Avk¼v _v‡K|Ó125
myZivs ‡h weavb¸‡jv ¯^Zš¿ `jxj Øviv cÖwZcv`¨ I cÖgvwYZ, Ggb weavb‡K ‡KD ¸bv‡ni
gva¨g evbv‡jI Zv wb‡la n‡q hv‡e bv| Ggwbfv‡e †Kv‡bv weavb hw` DcKvi I AcKvi

(‫ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬٦٢/٢) (‫ اﻟﻔﺮوق ﻟﻠﻘﺮاﻓﻲ )اﻟﻔﺮق اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ وﺧﻤﺴﻮن ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺪ وﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬121
122 Aveyj Iqvwj` gynv¤§` Be‡b Avngv` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b Avngv` Be‡b Avngv` Be‡b iæk` AvjKziZzex,
Avjgv‡jKx| wZwb Be‡b iæk` Avj nvdx` bv‡g cÖwm×| 520 wnRix‡Z Av›`vjy‡mi KziZzev (eZ©gvb ‡¯ú‡bi
K‡W©vfv) kn‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 595 wnRix‡Z gi‡°vi gviv‡Kk kn‡i B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb wdKn, Bmjvgx
`k©b, MwYZ, wPwKrmvweÁvb, c`v_© weÁvb Ges †R¨vwZwe©Áv‡b cvi`k©x wQ‡jb| Gme kv‡¯¿ Zuvi A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
iPbv i‡q‡Q| wdKnkv‡¯¿ Ôwe`vqvZzj gyRZvwn` Iqv wbnvqvZzj gyKZvwQ`Õ ZuviB KvjRqx iPbv| GQvovI ÔDm~‡j
wdKn kv‡¯¿ ÔgyLZvmviæj gy¯Ívm&dvÕ Ges wPwKrmv kv‡¯¿ ÔAvj KzwjøqvZÕ iPbv K‡ib| (wmqviæ Avjvwgb byevjv
21/307)
123 Avj gyKvwÏgvZzj gygvnnv`vZ wj-Be‡b iæk`: 2/39, (wKZveyj eyqy)
124 Avey Avãyjøvn kvgmyÏxb gynv¤§` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Avey eKi Be‡b dvivn Avj KziZex Avjgv‡jKx| 600 wnRix‡Z

Av›`vjy‡mi KziZzev (eZ©gvb ‡¯ú‡bi K‡W©vfv) kn‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 633 wnRix‡Z Av›`vjy‡mi cZ‡bi ci wgk‡i
wnRiZ K‡ib| 671 wnRixi kvIqvj gv‡m wgk‡iB B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb Zvdmxi I nv`xm kv‡¯¿i Bgvg wQ‡jb|
ÔAvj Rv‡g wjAvnKvwgj KziAvwbj KvixgÕ ZuviB iwPZ weL¨vZ Zvdmxi MÖš’| (kvhvivZzh hvnve 5/335, Avj
AvÔjvg wjhwhwiKjx 1/210)
125 Avj Rv‡g wj-AvnKvwgj KziAvb: (m~iv evKviv: 104)
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 91
Df‡qi gva¨g nq; wKš‘ Zvi DcKv‡ii w`KUv AwaK kw³kvjx, ZLbI Zv Aej¤^b Kivi
my‡hvM Av‡Q| Bgvg Aveyj AveŸvm Kvivdx ivn. e‡jb-
...‫)ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ( ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮن وﺳﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺮم ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺔ إذا أﻓﻀﺖ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ راﺟﺤﺔ‬
Ò(mZK©xKiY) KL‡bv KL‡bv nviv‡gi w`‡K avweZ K‡i Ggb wRwbm nvivg nq bv hw`
Zv‡Z DcKvi ev Kj¨v‡Yi cvjøv fvix _v‡K|Ó126
‡gvUK_v, IRi ev cÖ‡qvR‡b †h KvR¸‡jv Ki‡Z nq Zv †KD ¸bv‡ni gva¨g wn‡m‡e Kv‡R
jvMv‡jI wbwl× n‡q hv‡e bv| KviY, GB KvRwU wbQK gyevn ev Rv‡qh ch©v‡qi bq| Gi
wcQ‡b ¯^Zš¿ `jxj Av‡Q|
IR‡ii Kvi‡Y N‡i bvgv‡hi AbygwZ †`qv n‡q‡Q| AwfÁZvq cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q †h, A‡b‡K
AjmZv K‡iB evmvq GKvKx bvgvh Av`vq K‡i| gmwR‡` Av‡m bv| G‡`i Kvi‡Y wK
cÖK…Z gvÕh~i‡`i N‡i bvgvh bv nIqvi †NvlYv †`qv hv‡e?
Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨wel‡q Ihi I cÖ‡qvRb‡K we‡ePbv K‡iB †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgv‡hi AbygwZ
†`qv n‡q‡Q| GLb wKQz e¨w³i Ace¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y cÖKZ … gvÕh~i‡`i Rb¨ †Pqv‡i e‡m
bvgvh cov wb‡la Ki‡j Zv‡`i Dci Amva¨ wRwbm Pvcv‡bv n‡e hv kixÔAv‡Z wbwl×|
n¨uv, Ace¨envi eÜ Kivi Rb¨ Ab¨ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
cuvP.
gvÕh~i e¨w³iv wK gmwR‡` hv‡e bv?
Avcwb cÖkœ Zz‡j‡Qb †h, Ihiwewkó e¨w³ wK gmwR‡` †h‡Z cv‡i? Gici Avðh©‡eva K‡i
e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ `uvov‡Z mÿg bq Ggb e¨w³ gmwR‡` Avm‡e Kxfv‡e?
n‡Z cv‡i Avcbvi aviYv n‡jv, c¨vivjvBwm‡m hvi cv weKj n‡q †M‡Q, ïay †mB e¨w³B
Ihiwewkó e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| wKš‘ ev¯ÍeZv †gv‡UI Giƒc bq| A‡b‡KB Av‡Qb hv‡`i‡K
Wv³vi wb‡P em‡Z wb‡la K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Zviv hveZxq KvR †Pqv‡i e‡mB m¤úv`b K‡i|
Pjv†divI K‡i ûBj †Pqv‡i e‡m| Rwg‡b emv Zv‡`i Rb¨ ÿwZKi, Kv‡iv Rb¨
Avk¼vRbKI| G ai‡bi e¨w³iv wK gmwR‡` †h‡Z cvi‡e bv?
ivm~j -Gi Rxe‡bi †kl w`b¸‡jv‡Z gmwR‡` Dcw¯’Z nIqv Ges gmwR‡` †h‡Z
Ac‡ii mn‡hvwMZv MÖnY Kiv, GQvov gmwR‡` Avmvi cÖwZ †Rvi ZvwM` Avgv‡`i‡K Kx
wkÿv †`q? nhiZ Avey ûivBiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
،‫ إﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻲ ﻗﺎﺋﺪ ﻳﻘﻮدﻧﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬،‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫أﺗﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ رﺟﻞ أﻋﻤﻰ‬
:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ دﻋﺎﻩ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ وﻟﻰ‬،‫ ﻓﺮﺧﺺ ﻟﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﻴﺼﻠﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ‬،‫ﻓﺴﺄل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ أن ﻳﺮﺧﺺ ﻟﻪ‬
«‫ »ﻓﺄﺟﺐ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻧﻌﻢ‬:‫»ﻫﻞ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ اﻟﻨﺪاء ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼة؟« ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn -Gi wbKU GK AÜ e¨w³ G‡m AviR Ki‡jv, Bqv ivm~jyjøvn, (Avwg AÜ)
Avgvi Ggb †KD †bB †h Avgv‡K a‡i gmwR‡` wb‡q Avm‡e| AZGe Avgv‡K N‡i bvgvh
covi AbygwZ w`b| ivm~jyjøvn Zv‡K AbygwZ w`‡jb| †jvKwU hLb P‡j hvw”Q‡jv,

(‫ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬٦٤/٢) (‫ اﻟﻔﺮوق ﻟﻠﻘﺮاﻓﻲ )اﻟﻔﺮق اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ وﺧﻤﺴﻮن ﺑﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻﺪ وﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬126
92 `imyj wdK&n
ivm~jyjøvn Zv‡K WvK w`‡q ej‡jb, Zzwg bvgv‡hi Avnevb (Avhvb) ïb‡Z cvI? †m
ej‡jv, R¡x| ivm~~jyjøvn ej‡jb, Zvn‡j mvov w`I (A_©vr gmwR‡` hv‡e)|Ó127
G nv`x‡m ivm~j AÜ e¨w³‡KI N‡i bvgvh covi AbygwZ †`bwb| Avcbvi hyw³i
`„wó‡Z †`L‡j †Zv GLv‡bI cÖkœ nq, AÜ e¨w³ wK gmwR‡` Avm‡Z cv‡i? wKš‘ Kvi wn¤§Z
Av‡Q †h, ivm~j -Gi dqmvjvi Dci cÖkœ Ki‡e?
†gvUK_v, KziAvb nv`x‡m cyiæl‡K gmwR‡` Rvgv‡Zi mv‡_ bvgvh Av`vq Kivi †Rvi
ZvwM` Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKvMÖwP‡Ë bvgvh Av`v‡qi DËg ¯’vb gmwR`B| myZivs †Kv‡bv e¨w³
gvÕh~i n‡jI hÏyi m¤¢e gmwR‡` G‡m bvgvh covi †Póv Kiv Kvg¨|
Qq.
Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh cov wK ÔgybKviÕ?
Ihiwewkó e¨w³I Bgvg mv‡n‡ei wcQ‡b bvgvh co‡Z cvi‡eb| Z‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨
KvZv‡ii wKbvivq wM‡q my¯’ I Av‡jg‡`i Rb¨ Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b bvgvh covi my‡hvM K‡i
†`qvB DËg| Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b `uvov‡bv GKwU DËg KvR| Bgvg Avey `vD` ivn.128 Dj~j
Avnjvwg Iqvb-bynvÕ welqK nv`xm GB wk‡ivbv‡g D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
.‫ وﻛﺮاﻫﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ أن ﻳﻠﻲ اﻹﻣﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻒ‬
ÒBgv‡gi wcQ‡b mvg‡bi KvZv‡i ‡K `vuov‡e Ges †mLv‡b `uuvov‡bv †_‡K wcwQ‡q _vKv
AcQ›`bxq G welqK Aa¨vq|Ó129
Bgvg Avãyi ivh&hvK ivn. I G ai‡bi nv`x‡mi Rb¨ KvQvKvwQ wk‡ivbvg w`‡q‡Qb-
.‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻒ اﻷول‬
ÒKvi Rb¨ cÖ_g mvwi‡Z `uvov‡bv DwPZ G welqK Aa¨vq|Ó130
myZivs Ihiwewkó e¨w³i Bgvg mv‡n‡ei wcQ‡b bvgvh cov ÔgybKviÕ-Gi AvIZvq Av‡m
bv| ZvB me©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ Ôbvnx Avwbj gybKviÕ-Gi weavb wn‡m‡e Zv‡K wcQ‡b hvIqvi
ûKzg Rvwi Kivi my‡hvM †bB| Dciš‘ G‡Z †dZbv nIqvi AvksKv i‡q‡Q|
ivm~j -Gi †kl eq‡m Amy¯’ Ae¯’vq gmwR‡` Mgb Kivi nv`xm mycÖwm×| ivm~j
KvZv‡ii wKbvivq bv wM‡q Bgv‡gi cv‡kB Ae¯’vb wb‡q wQ‡jb|131 gvh~i e¨w³i
Rb¨ wKbvivq `uvov‡bv Avek¨K n‡j wZwb gv‡S Avm‡Zb bv|
GQvovI ivm~j ÔDj~j Avnjvwg Iqvb-bynvÕ †K cÖ_g KvZv‡i `uvov‡Z e‡j‡Qb Gi

127 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 653, evBZzj AvdKvwi` `vDwjq¨v

128 Avey `vD` myjvBgvb Be‡b AvkAvQ Be‡b BmnvK Be‡b ekxi Be‡b kvÏv` Be‡b Avgi AvjAvh`x AvmwmwR¯Ívbx|
wZwb 202 wnRix‡Z Biv‡bi wmwR¯Ív‡b Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 275 wnRix‡Z emivq B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb Bgvg
Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j, Bgvg BqvnBqv Be‡b gvCb, Bgvg Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx cÖgyL gynvwÏm †_‡K nv`xm eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|
Bgvg Avey Cmv wZiwghx Ges Bgvg bvmvC Zuvi QvÎ wQ‡jb| wZwb nv`xm kv‡¯¿i weL¨vZ Bgvg wQ‡jb| KzZz‡e wQËvÕi
Ab¨Zg nv`xm MÖš’ Ômybv‡b Avex `vD`Õ ZuviB iPbv| GQvovI Ôgvivwm‡j Avex `vD`Õ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| (wmqviæ
AvÔjvwgb byevjv: 13/205-221, Zvnhxeyj Kvgvj: 4/343)
129 evRjyj gvRû`: 3/623, `viæj evkv‡qi
130 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 2/52
131 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 687, dvZûj evix: 2/214-215
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 93
wewfbœ D‡Ïk¨ wQ‡jv| Avcbvi D×…wZi wKZve Ô`i‡m wZiwghxÕ‡ZI GKvwaK D‡Ï‡k¨i
Av‡jvPbv Av‡Q|
Avcwb e‡j‡Qb Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b †Kej †hvM¨ e¨w³ivB `uvov‡e| Avcwb †hvM¨ e¨w³i e¨vL¨v
K‡ibwb| hw` Avcbvi D‡Ïk¨ nq ivm~j -Gi bvgvh mwVKfv‡e †evSv I Zv †_‡K
wkÿv MÖnY Kivi †hvM¨ AR©b Kiv; hv DwjøwLZ nv`x‡mi Ab¨Zg e¨vL¨v| Zvn‡j †Pqv‡i
e‡m bvgvh Av`vqKvix A‡hvM¨ bq| Avi hw` D‡Ïk¨ nq †h, cÖ‡qvR‡b bv‡qe ev Ljxdv
nIqvi †hvM¨Zv _vKv, Zvn‡j Avgiv ej‡ev GUvB nv`x‡mi GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ bq| ZvB G
K_v mywbw`©ófv‡e ejv hv‡e bv †h, ivm~j ïay bv‡qe nIqvi †hvM¨ e¨w³‡KB wcQ‡b
`uvov‡Z e‡j‡Qb| myZivs G nv`x‡mi wfwˇZ gvÕh~I e¨w³i Rb¨ gmwR‡`i wcQ‡bi KvZvi
ev GKcv‡k bvgvh cov, A_ev Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b e‡m †M‡j Zv‡K wcQ‡b †h‡Z eva¨ Kiv
Acwinvh©Zv cÖgvwYZ nq bv|
ivm~j ïay wb‡Ri wcQ‡bB `uvov‡Z e‡jbwb; eis wb‡Ri KvQvKvwQ cÖ_g KvZv‡i
`uvov‡Z e‡j‡Qb| GKRb‡K bq GKvwaK e¨w³‡KB `uvov‡Z e‡j‡Qb| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv
†iIqvqv‡Z gynvwRi I AvbQvi kãI G‡m‡Q|132 GKRb bv‡qe n‡Z AcviM n‡j Ab¨Rb
bv‡qe n‡e| myZivs †Kv‡bv gvÕh~i e¨w³i Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b bvgvh cov DwjøwLZ nv`xm
cwicš’x n‡e bv| me©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ Zv‡K wcQ‡bi KvZv‡i ev GKcv‡k hvIqvi ûKzg
Rvwi KiviI my‡hvM †bB| m‡e©vcwi GKwU DËg KvR wb‡q evovevwo Kvg¨ bq| nv`x‡mi
†gŠwjK D‡Ïk¨ Abyave‡bi Rb¨ wb‡¤œ cÖwm× nv`xm e¨vL¨vKvi Bgvg Avey myjvBgvb Avj
LvËvex ivn. (388 wn.)-Gi e³e¨ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv| wZwb e‡jb-
‫ وﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﺨﻠﻔﻮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ إن‬،‫إﻧﻤﺎ أﻣﺮ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ أن ﻳﻠﻴﻪ ذوو اﻷﺣﻼم واﻟﻨﻬﻰ ﻟﻴﻌﻘﻠﻮا ﻋﻨﻪ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ‬
‫ﺣﺪث ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪث ﻓﻲ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ وﻟﻴﺮﺟﻊ إﻟﻰ ﻗﻮﻟﻬﻢ إن أﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﻬﻮ أو ﻋﺮض ﻓﻲ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﻋﺎرض ﻓﻲ ﻧﺤﻮ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
.‫اﻷﻣﻮر‬
Òivm~jyjøvn ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ Av‡`k K‡i‡Qb hv‡Z bvgv‡hi mgq Ávbx I weÁ e¨w³eM©
Zvi †cQ‡b `vuovq| hv‡Z Zviv Zvi †_‡K bvgvh cwic~Y©iƒ‡c ey‡S wb‡Z cv‡i| GQvovI
bvgv‡h Bgv‡gi †Kv‡bv mgm¨v n‡j Zviv †hb Bgv‡gi ¯’jvwfwl³ n‡Z cv‡i, A_ev
Bgv‡gi †Kv‡bv fzj n‡q †M‡j Zv‡`i †_‡K †hb ïa‡i wb‡Z cv‡i|Ó133
c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbvi Øviv Avkv Kwi Avcbvi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi †c‡q‡Qb| cy‡iv Av‡jvPbvi
wfwË cÖ‡qvRbxq Ae¯’vi Dci| Avi cÖ‡qvR‡b M„nxZ weavb cÖ‡qvR‡bi mv‡_B mxgve×
_v‡K| cÖ‡qvRb Qvov gmwR‡` †Pqvi e¨envi Kivi AbygwZ †bB| gmwR‡`i Bgvg
mv‡neMY gv‡S gv‡S gmwR‡` Av‡jvPbv Ki‡j †Pqv‡ii Ace¨envi K‡g hv‡e| GKch©v‡q
eÜI n‡q hv‡e, BbkvAvjøvn|
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq m¤ú‡K© GKwU Bk‡Znvi : wKQz ch©v‡jvPbv
Avcwb fvi‡Zi Djvgv‡q Zvwgjbvo–i cÿ †_‡K cÖKvwkZ GKwU Bk‡Znvi cvwV‡q‡Qb|

132 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 2/53, nv`xm bs 2457

133 gvÔAvwjgym mybvb: 1/159, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
94 `imyj wdK&n
Avgiv Bk‡Znv‡ii `vwe I `jxj m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡qvRbxq Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© ej‡ev, †Pqv‡ii
Ace¨envi Aek¨B †`vlYxq| G ai‡bi AcÖ‡qvRbxq e¨envi eÜ Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e|
Z‡e Bk‡Znv‡ii e¨vcK A_©‡evaK wk‡ivbvg (åæçèf)gÁé3êÁ)-Gi mv‡_
Avgiv GKgZ bB| Bk‡Znv‡ii cÖKvkK fvi‡Zi nIqvq `viæj Dj~g †`Ie‡›`i `viæj
BdZvq G Bk‡Znvi m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i wm×všÍ Zje Ki‡j ZuvivI G wk‡ivbv‡gi mv‡_
GKgZ †cvlY K‡ibwb|
1g.
Bk‡Znv‡ii wk‡ivbvg †`qv n‡q‡Q åæçèf)gÁé3êÁ| wk‡ivbvg †_‡K mn‡RB
†evSv hvq †h, G‡Z wdKnx wePÿYZvi Zzjbvq gvbwmK Rhev cÖvavb¨ ‡c‡q‡Q| me©¯^xK…Z
K_v n‡jv, kixÔAv‡Z wKQz welq Ggb Av‡Q hv KvZÔqx ev AKvU¨fv‡e cÖgvwYZ| Avi wKQz
weavb i‡q‡Q hbœx ev BRwZnv`x| cÖ_g †kÖYxi †ÿ‡Î ‫ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ‬ÔAKvU¨Õ kã e¨envi n‡Z cv‡i|
Gme weavb mywbwðZ I mywbw`©ó; G‡Z Ab¨ e¨vL¨vi †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †bB| cÿvšÍ‡i
BRwZnv`x wel‡q G ai‡bi kã e¨envi wdKnx `„wó‡KvY †_‡K h_vh_ bq| A_P †Pqv‡i
e‡m bvgvh Av`v‡qi c‡ÿ-wec‡ÿ bv †Kv‡bv AKvU¨ I my¯úó AvqvZ Av‡Q, bv †Kv‡bv
nv`xm| eis nv`xm I kixÔAvn-Gi Ggb g~jbxwZ i‡q‡Q, hv ˆea nIqvi cÖej `vwe iv‡L|
2q.
Bk‡Znv‡i ejv n‡q‡Q †h, †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kiv KziAv‡bi †Ljvd| cÖKZ … c‡ÿ
Bk‡Znv‡i bvgv‡h Lyï-LyRyÕi ZviMxe welqK DwjøwLZ AvqvZ Øviv †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh
AKvU¨fv‡e bvRv‡qh nIqv cÖgvwYZ nq bv| KviY, Lyï-LyRy m¤ú‡K© `yÕwU AvqvZ D‡jøL
K‡i G K_v eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h, †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Lyï-LyRyÕi †Ljvd| jÿYxq
welq n‡jv, †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Lyï-LyRyÕi †Ljvd ev †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Lyï-LyRyÕi
AvIZvq Av‡m bv- G wm×všÍwU KziAv‡bi fvl¨ bvwK Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i eyS I BRwZnv`?
wbwðZ Reve n‡jv, GwU Zv‡`i BRwZnv` ev eyS|
Zv‡`i fvl¨ Abyhvqx hw` †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi Øviv Lyï-LyRy bv _vKvq Zv
bvRv‡qh nq, Zvn‡j ivm~j PZz®ú` Rš‘i Dci Av‡ivnb K‡i bdj bvgvh Kxfv‡e
Av`vq Kivi AbygwZ w`‡jb? wb‡RI Avgj Ki‡jb? cÖ‡qvR‡b dih bvgvh covi cÖgvY
Kxfv‡e nv`xm, Avmvi Ges dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi wKZv‡e cvIqv hvq? A_P †Pqv‡i emv
Avi †Nvovq emvi gv‡S †gŠwjK †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| PZz®ú` Rš‘i Dci Av‡ivnb K‡i
bvgvh Av`v‡qi †ÿ‡Î Zviv †h Reve w`‡eb AvgivI ZvB ej‡ev|
3q.
Bk‡Znv‡i wKQz nv`xm D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z Amy¯’ e¨w³i bvgv‡hi wewfbœ ch©vq wb‡q
Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q| G wel‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv wØZxq mskq wbim‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b
gymwjg kix‡di GKwU nv`xm Øviv cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~j -Gi Kv‡Q †Pqvi
wQ‡jv| GiciI wZwb †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh c‡obwb| G wel‡qI wcQ‡b Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q|
GLv‡b GKwU w`K Zz‡j aiwQ| Zv‡`i Av‡jvPbvi aib †_‡K †evSv hvq, Zviv g‡b K‡ib,
 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 95
†Kv‡bv wKQz e¨env‡ii my‡hvM _vKvi ciI ivm~j Zv e¨envi bv Kiv me©ve¯’vq Zv
A‰ea nIqvi `jxj| A_P welqwU Ggb bq| Bgvg Avey BmnvK kv‡Zex ivn. Dm~‡j
kixÔAv‡Zi GKRb me©¯^xK…Z Bgvg, wZwb ivm~j †h KvR¸‡jv Kivi my‡hvM _vKv
m‡Ë¡I †Q‡o w`‡q‡Qb Zv wewfbœ †kÖYx‡Z wef³ K‡i‡Qb| me¸‡jv‡K GK ch©v‡qi AšÍ©fz³
K‡ibwb| †kÖYxweb¨vm K‡i wZwb e‡jb-
:‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﻊ اﻟﺘﺮك ﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪم‬
‫ وﻫﻮ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬،‫ ﺗﺮك اﻟﻤﺒﺎح اﻟﺼﺮف إﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻷﻓﻀﻞ؛ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻻزﻣﺎ ﻷزواﺟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻪ‬:‫وﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ وﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ؛ ﻓﺘﺮك ﻣﺎ أﺑﻴﺢ‬،‫ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ‬134﴾ JI H G F E D C B﴿ :‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
‫ اﻋﺪل؛ ﻓﺈن ﻫﺬﻩ ﻗﺴﻤﺔ ﻣﺎ أرﻳﺪ ﺑﻬﺎ‬:‫ وﺗﺮك اﻻﻧﺘﺼﺎر ﻣﻤﻦ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻪ‬،‫ﻟﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺬي ﻫﻮ أﺧﻠﻖ ﺑﻤﻜﺎرم أﺧﻼﻗﻪ‬
‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﻋﺮوة ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺎرث إذ أراد اﻟﻔﺘﻚ‬،‫ وﺗﺮك ﻗﺘﻞ اﻟﻤﺮأة اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﻤﺖ ﻟﻪ اﻟﺸﺎة‬،‫ وﻧﻬﻰ ﻣﻦ أراد ﻗﺘﻠﻪ‬،‫وﺟﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻤﻨﻌﻚ ﻣﻨﻲ؟ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ﺑﻪ‬
Òc~‡e©vwjøwLZ KviY QvovI Av‡iv wewfbœ Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv ˆea KvR eR©b Kiv n‡Z cv‡i|
†hgb, gyevn‡K Z¨vM K‡i Zvi †P‡q DËg‡K MÖnY Kiv| gydvmwmixb‡`i GK Rvgv‡Zi
e³e¨ Abyhvqx﴾ JI H G F E D C B﴿ (GB AvqvZ)-Gi wfwˇZ bex
Kvixg -Gi Dci ¯¿x‡`i Rb¨ mgvbfv‡e mgq e›Ub Avek¨K wQ‡jv bv| Zvi ciI
wZwb mgq e›Ub Ki‡Zb| Zvui DbœZ Pwi‡Îi mv‡_ gvbvbmB wn‡m‡e| Zvui Rb¨ mgq
e›Ub bv Kiv ˆea nIqv m‡Ë¡I wZwb Zv Kiv‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb...(Av‡iv wKQz
D`vniY)|Ó135
GLv‡b K‡qKwU NUbv D‡jøL K‡i G K_v cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ivm~j †Kv‡bv KvR
Kivi my‡hvM _vKv m‡Ë¡I Zv bv Kiv KvRwU A‰ea nIqviB `vwe K‡i bv; eis G‡ÿ‡Î
Ab¨ KviYI we`¨gvb _vK‡Z cv‡i| †hgb, DËg AvLjvK Aej¤^b, Avew`q¨vZ cÖKvk
Kiv BZ¨vw`|
†gvUK_v, †h Kv‡Ri `yÕwU c×wZ i‡q‡Q- GKwU DËg Av‡iKwU gyevn, ivm~jyjøvn hw`
Gi ga¨ n‡Z DËg c×wZwU MÖnY K‡ib, Zvn‡j Gi Øviv gyevn c×wZwU bvRv‡qh mve¨¯Í
n‡e bv| G bxwZwU nv`xm ØvivI cÖgvwYZ| †hgb, ÔØeÕ (GK ai‡bi cÖvYx) LvIqv m¤ú‡K©
ivm~j ِّ ‫ |ﻻ آﻛﻠﻪ وﻻ‬G‡Z wZwb bv LvIqvi
-†K wRÁvmv Kiv n‡j wZwb e‡j‡Qb, 136‫أﺣﺮﻣﻪ‬
w`K MÖnY Ki‡jI Ab¨‡`i eviYI K‡ibwb| GQvov gyevn ch©v‡qi A‡bK weavb
mywbw`©ófv‡e ivm~j e‡j hvbwb; eis ‡gŠwjK wb‡`©kbv w`‡q D¤§‡Zi Dci †Q‡o
w`‡q‡Qb| welqwU Bgvg Avey eKi Rvm&mvm ivn.-Gi e³e¨ †_‡K mn‡RB Aby‡gq| wZwb
e‡jb-

134 m~iv Avnhve: 51

135 Avj gyIqvdvKvZ dx Dm~wjk kviBq¨vn: 4/343, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv
136 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1943
96 `imyj wdK&n
.‫ وﻻ ﺗﻮﻗﻴﻒ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻨﺺ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ‬،‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺑﻴﺎن ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲء ﻣﺒﺎح‬
Òivm~jyjøvn -Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K ˆea welq eY©bv Kiv ev wbw`©ófv‡e gvbyl‡K Zv Rvwb‡q
†`qv Riæix bq|Ó137
Bk‡Znv‡i Rwg‡b bvgvh covi cÖwZ cÖej ZvwM` †evSv‡bvi Rb¨ wZbwU nv`xm D‡jøL Kiv
n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g nv`xm Avng` eymxix ivn.-Gi wKZve ÔBZnvdzj-wLqvivÕ †_‡K D‡jøL Kiv
n‡q‡Q| eymxix ivn. nv`xmwU D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb Ômybv‡b evBnvKxÕ †_‡K| wZwb e‡jb-
‫ أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻋﺎد ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﺮآﻩ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ اﻟﺰﺑﻴﺮ‬،‫رواﻩ اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻔﻴﺎن اﻟﺜﻮري‬
‫ ﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض إن‬:
‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ وأﺧﺬ ﻋﻮدا ﻟﻴﺼﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻩ ﻓﺮﻣﻰ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻫﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ وﺳﺎدة‬
.‫ وإﻻ ﻓﺄوﻣﻰء‬،‫اﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ‬
ÒBgvg evBnvKx ivn. ¯^xq mybv‡b mywdqvb mvIixi mb‡` eY©bv K‡ib, ivm~jyjøvn GK
Amy¯’ e¨w³i whqvi‡Z wM‡q Zv‡K †`L‡Z cvb, GKwU evwj‡ki Dci bvgvh co‡Q| wZwb
evwjk mwi‡q †dj‡jb| Gevi Amy¯’ mvnvexwU GKwU KvôLÐ wb‡jb| GUvI wZwb mwi‡q
‡dj‡jb Ges ej‡jb, hw` cv‡iv Rwg‡b wmR`v K‡iv, Ab¨_vq Bkvivq Av`vq K‡iv|Ó
wØZxq nv`xmwU `yÕGKwU kã Qvov ûeû cÖ_g nv`xm| hv mivmwi Ômybv‡b evBnvKxÕ †_‡K
D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
،‫ ﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض إن اﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ‬:
‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺮﻣﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺳﺎدة‬:‫ أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل ﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ‬،‫ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬
.‫ واﺟﻌﻞ ﺳﺠﻮدك أﺧﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ رﻛﻮﻋﻚ‬،‫وإﻻ ﻓﺄوﻣﻰء‬
g~j e³e¨ Av‡Mi eY©bvi Abyiƒc| Z‡e GLv‡b †k‡l Bkvivi e¨vL¨v K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q †h,
iæKzi Zzjbvq †mR`vi mgq gv_v GKUz †ewk ‡SvuKv‡e|
Z…Zxq nv`xm g~jZ nhiZ Be‡b Dgi ivwh.-Gi dvZIqv; hv Ômybv‡b evBnvKxÕ †_‡K
D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
‫ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻠﻪ إﻟﻬﺎ آﺧﺮ وﻗﺎل ﻻ‬:‫ ﺳﺌﻞ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ وأﻧﺎ أﺳﻤﻊ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺮوﺣﺔ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﺟﺒﻠﺔ ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻟﻠﻪ أﻧﺪادا ﺻﻞ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا واﺳﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻊ ﻓﺄوم إﻳﻤﺎء وإﺟﻌﻞ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد أﺧﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﻮع‬
ÒnhiZ Rvevjv ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, Avwg wbR Kv‡b ï‡bwQ, nhiZ Dgi ivwh.
-†K (†mR`vq Aÿg e¨w³) cvLv Rvbvjvi Lvu‡R gv_v ‡i‡L bvgvh Av`vq m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám
Kiv n‡j wZwb e‡jb, Avjøvni mv‡_ Ab¨ ‡Kv‡bv Bjvn‡K MÖnY K‡iv bv| ‡Kv‡bv wKQz‡K
Avjøvni kixK evwb‡qv bv; eis e‡m e‡m bvgvh Av`vq K‡iv Ges Rwg‡b †mR`v K‡iv|
hw` mÿg bv nI, Bkviv K‡iv| wmR`vi mgq gv_v iæKyi †P‡q GKUz †ewk †SvuKv‡e|Ó
Bk‡Znv‡i cÖ‡Z¨K nv`x‡m wPwýZ evK¨¸‡jvi A_© Kiv n‡q‡Q Gfv‡e-
)g 3 ô 000ó3 )g 3 \ [O ì Á íî  Yï ð ƒ 9 )g ñ \ ò 000> N
 Á & )g 3 ë
0c õö9e3

137 Avj dzm~j wdj Dm~j: 10/2

 †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh : wKQz msk‡qi wbimb 97

Gfv‡e Abyev` Kivi ci †jLv n‡q‡Q ú

û>
o
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&…%
iù
0> G mKj BeviZ †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, Zviv nv`x‡mi gZje ey‡S‡Qb †h, ÒR‰bK
e¨w³ evwjk ev cvLvi Dci bvgvh cowQ‡jv| ivm~j Ges Be‡b Dgi ivwh. Zv Ki‡Z
eviY K‡i‡Qb Ges Rwg‡bB bvgvh covi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| Ab¨_vq Bkviv K‡i bvgvh
co‡Z e‡j‡Qb|Ó A_P G nv`xm¸‡jv‡Z bvgvh cov bq; eis wmR`v Kiv D‡Ïk¨ wQ‡jv|
†hgb, cÖ_g nv`xmwU Bgvg Avey BqvÔjv ivn.138I eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi eY©bvi kã n‡jv-
‫ ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎ وأﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﺮآﻩ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ وﻳﺴﺠﺪ‬- ‫ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ‬- ‫ »ﻋﺎد رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ "إن اﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ أن ﺗﺴﺠﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض ﻓﺎﺳﺠﺪ وإﻻ ﻓﺄوﻣﺊ إﻳﻤﺎء واﺟﻌﻞ اﻟﺴﺠﻮد‬:‫ﻋﻠﻰ وﺳﺎدة ﻓﻨﻬﺎﻩ وﻗﺎل‬
«‫أﺧﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﻮع‬
ÒnhiZ Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z Av‡Q, wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j GK Amy¯’
e¨w³i whqvi‡Z †M‡jb| Avwg Zuvi mv‡_ wQjvg| Zv‡K evwj‡ki Dci wmR`v Ki‡Z ‡`‡L
Zv Ki‡Z eviY Ki‡jb Ges ej‡jb, hw` mÿg nI Zvn‡j Rwg‡bi Dci ‡mR`v K‡iv|
Avi bv nq Bkvivq Av`vq K‡iv| wmR`vi mgq gv_v‡K iæKzi †P‡q ‡ewk †SuvKv‡e|Ó139
GLv‡b ÔwmR`vÕ kãwU D‡jøL nIqv G K_vi cÖgvY enb K‡i †h, evBnvKxi †iIqvqv‡Z
ÔwmR`vÕ kãwU Dn¨ wQ‡jv A_ev ILv‡b ÔmvjvZÕ wmR`vi A‡_©B e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|
Z…Zxq nv`x‡m ÔmvjvZÕ wmR`vi A‡_© e¨envi nIqvi welqwU Av‡iv cwi®‹vi| cÖkœ-Dˇii
Av›`vh †_‡KI Zv †evSv hvq| myZivs evwj‡k wmR`v wb‡la Kiv GK welq, Avi cÖ‡qvR‡b
†Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh cov Ab¨ welq| Dciš‘ DuPz ¯’v‡b wmR`v wb‡la nIqvi we‡kl KviYI
Av‡Q, hv †Pqv‡i emvi gv‡S we`¨gvb †bB| nhiZ Be‡b Dgi ivwh.-Gi dvZIqvi gv‡S
KviY D‡jøwLZ i‡q‡Q| A_©vr, wmR`vi mgq †Kv‡bv DuPz ¯’vb ev wRwbm _vK‡j Gi Dci
wmR`v Ki‡j GK iKg g~wZ©cyRvi mv`„k¨ n‡q hvq| G Rb¨B Be‡b Dgi ivwh. dvZIqvq
wki‡Ki w`‡K Bkviv K‡i‡Qb|
4_©.
Bk‡Znv‡i BRgvi `vweI Kiv n‡q‡Q; wKš‘ `jxj ev e¨vL¨v †`qv nqwb| myZivs AvgivI
j¤^v Av‡jvPbv KiwQ bv| Z‡e Avgiv Zv‡`i G `vwe hyw³hy³ g‡b Kwi bv| BRgv cÖgvwYZ
bv nIqvi c‡ÿ A‡bK wdKnx `jxj I bwhi i‡q‡Q| G Qvov Dm~‡j wdK‡ni ÔBRgvÕ
Aa¨vq ey‡S cvV Ki‡j ‡h‡Kv‡bv weÁ Av‡jg D³ BRgvi AmviZv mn‡RB eyS‡Z
cvi‡eb|

138 Avngv` Be‡b Avjx Be‡b gyQvbœv Be‡b BqvnBqv AvZZvgxgx, AvjgvIwmjx| wZwb Bgvg Avey Bqvjv bv‡g cÖwm×|
210 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 307 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| nv`xmkv‡¯¿ wZwb eo Bgvg wQ‡jb| Bgvg
BqvnBqv Be‡b gvCb (233 wn.), Bgvg Avjx Bebyj gv`xwb (234 wn.), Bgvg Avng` wej nv¤^j (241 wn.) cÖgyL
gynvwÏm †_‡K wZwb nv`xm eY©bv K‡ib| Bgvg Avey nv‡Zg Be‡b wneŸvb (354 wn.), Bgvg myjvqgvb Be‡b Avngv`
AvZZveivbx (821 wn.) Zuvi †_‡K nv`xm eY©bv K‡ib| Zvi iwPZ Ôgymbv‡` Avey BqvjvÕ, ÔgyÔRv‡g Avey BÔqvjvÕ
nv`xmkv‡¯¿ Bj‡gi wekvj fvÛvi| (wmqviæ Avjvwgb byevjv: 14/180)
.‫ دار اﻟﻮﻃﻦ ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺮ‬،١٣٤٨ :‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬٢٠٦/٢ (‫ اﺗﺤﺎف اﻟﺨﻴﺮة اﻟﻤﻬﺮة ﺑﺰواﺋﺪ اﻟﻌﺸﺮة )ﺑﺎب اﻹﻳﻤﺎء‬139
98 `imyj wdK&n
wdKnx `jxj D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq ‡h, gydwZqv‡b †Kiv‡gi fvl¨
eyS‡Z LyeB Zvovûov n‡q‡Q| fvmvfvmv `„wó‡K G‡ÿ‡Î h‡_ó g‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q| KviY,
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn.-Gi e³e¨ I DwjøwLZ dvZIqv¸‡jv Mfxi `„wó‡Z co‡jB †Pqv‡i e‡m
bvgv‡hi ˆeaZvi w`K †ei n‡q Av‡m|
`viæj Dj~g †`Ie‡›`i gyLcÎ Ôgvnbvgv `viæj Dj~gÕ-Gi 1433-1434 wn.-Gi wRjn¾-
gynvi&ig msL¨vq †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgv‡hi weavb m¤ú‡K© `xN© GKwU cÖeÜ cÖKvk Kiv nq| G
cÖe‡Ü GKvwaK cÖgvY Øviv cÖ‡qvR‡b †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh covi ˆeaZv cÖgvY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÖeÜwU †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i|
GQvov `viæj Dj~‡gi dvZIqv wefvM †_‡K GKwU AvaywbK gvmvB‡ji msKjb cÖKvk Kiv
n‡q‡Q 1433 wn. gyZv‡eK 2012 L„.| G‡Z dvZIqv wefv‡Mi gydwZqv‡b †Kiv‡gi
mZ¨vqb i‡q‡Q| msKjbwU gydZx mvC` Avng` cvjbcyix `v. ev.-Gi m¤úv`bvi ci
gRwj‡m ïivi AbygwZµ‡g cÖKvk Kiv nq| G msKj‡b cÖ‡qvR‡b †Pqv‡i e‡m bvgvh
Av`v‡qi my¯úófv‡e AbygwZ †`qv n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
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GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv

gvIjvbv gynv¤§` gy¯ÍvwdRyi ingvb †gv‡gbkvnx
RygÔAv kixÔAv‡Zi AKvU¨ weavb, Øxb Bmjv‡gi ÔRvZxq wb`k©bÕ| gymwjg RvwZi
mvßvwnK C`| Gi weavbvejx m¤^‡Ü cÖwZwU gymjgv‡bi ¯^”Q aviYv _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg G wel‡q mwe¯Ív‡i Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| GLv‡b mswkøó wKQz Av‡jvPbv
†ck Kiv n‡jv|
RygÔAv mnxn nIqvi Rb¨ kZ©mg~n
RygÔAvi bvgvh Ab¨vb¨ bvgv‡hi gZ bq †h, †h †Kv‡bv ev‡jM e¨w³i Dci dih n‡e
ev †h †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b _vK‡jB RygÔAv Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| eis Gi i‡q‡Q we‡kl
¯^KxqZv| Avi ¯^KxqZvi `vwe‡ZB RygÔAv Av`vq nIqvi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ bvgv‡hi Zzjbvq
Av‡iv wKQz kZ© hy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
1. kni ev Dckni nIqv| 2. RygÔAvi bvgvh I LyZev †hvn‡ii mg‡q nIqv| 3.
bvgv‡hi c~‡e© LyZev nIqv| 4. RvgvÔAvZ nIqv| 5. Bh‡b Avg A_©vr †h ¯’v‡b RygÔAvi
bvgvh cov n‡e †mLv‡b me©mvavi‡Yi cÖ‡ekvwaKvi _vKv BZ¨vw`|
Avgiv c~‡e©v³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K eyS‡Z cvijvg †h, RygÔAvi bvgvh IqvwRe nIqvi
Rb¨ GKwU kZ© n‡jv- kni nIqv| G‡Kev‡i MÖvg-M‡Ä ev cjøx GjvKvq RygÔAv mnxn
n‡e bv| KviY nhiZ Avjx ivwh.141 †_‡K ewY©Z-
142
.‫ﻻ ﺟﻤﻌﺔ وﻻ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻖ وﻻﺻﻼة ﻓﻄﺮ وﻻ أﺿﺤﻰ إﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬
ÒRygÔAv, ZvKex‡i ZvkixK I C‡`i bvgvh kni-e›`i Qvov IqvwRe nq bv|Ó
gynvw°K Bebyj ûgvg in. nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Gi nv`xm m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb-
.‫وﻛﻔﻰ ﺑﻘﻮل ﻋﻠﻲ  ﻗﺪوة‬
ÒAbymiY I AbyKi‡Yi Rb¨ nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Gi K_v h‡_ó|Ó143
ivm~j Ges mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi Avgj †_‡KI eySv hvq †h, RygÔAvi Rb¨ kni

141Avgxiæj gywgbxb Avjx Be‡b Avey Zv‡je ivwh.| wZwb gymwjg Rvnv‡bi PZz_© Ljxdv wQ‡jb| `viæj wLjvdvn ¯’vcb
K‡iwQ‡jb Kzdvq| Gi myev‡` A‡bK mvnvex Kzdvq Ae¯’vb K‡ib| 18B ighvb ïµevi 40 wnRix‡Z Kzdvq B‡šÍKvj
K‡ib|
‫ رواﻩ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻦ‬: (‫ )ﺑﺤﺎﺷﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﺪاﻳﺔ‬۱٦٨/۱ «‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟﻌﺴﻘﻼﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺪراﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺞ أﺣﺎدﻳﺚ اﻟﻬﺪاﻳﺔ‬142
‫ وأﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ« ﻋﻦ ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ زﺑﻴﺪ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺰﻳﻠﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻧﺼﺐ اﻟﺮاﻳﺔ« ﺑﺎب ﺻﻼة اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬.(‫ )ﺑﺎب اﻟﻘﺮى اﻟﺼﻐﺎر‬.‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ‬
.‫ وﻫﺬا إﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺮوى ﻋﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ‬، ‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ رواﻩ اﻟﺜﻮري ﻋﻦ زﺑﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل‬، ‫اﻟﻴﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﻪ‬
143 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/49, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv 101
kZ©| †hgb Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx in.144 e‡j‡Qb-
‫ وﻛﺬا اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻮان اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬،‫ وﻣﺎ روي اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬،‫وﻛﺬا اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﻜﺎن ذﻟﻚ إﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻟﻤﺼﺮ‬،‫ وﻣﺎ ﻧﺼﺒﻮا اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺑﺮ إﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﺼﺎر‬،‫ ﻓﺘﺤﻮا اﻟﺒﻼد‬،‫أﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﺷﺮط‬
Òivm~j Gi RxeÏkvq g`xbvq RygÔAv Kv‡qg n‡Zv| Zvi Avkcv‡k †Kv_vI
RygAvi bvgvh Kv‡qg Kivi eY©bv Av‡mwb| Gfv‡e mvnvev‡q †Kivg ivwh. A‡bK kni
Rq K‡i‡Qb| Zviv kni Qvov Ab¨ †Kv_vI wg¤^vi ¯’vcb K‡ibwb| myZivs GwU Zv‡`i
G wel‡q BRgv †h, RygÔAvi Rb¨ kni kZ©|Ó145
GQvovI RygÔAv Øxb-Bmjv‡gi me‡P‡q eo GKwU cÖZxK-wPý, hv cÖKvk¨fv‡e Dchy³
¯’v‡b Av`vq Kiv DwPZ| Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. mn Av‡iv A‡b‡K e‡j‡Qb-
.‫وﻷن اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ أﻋﻈﻢ اﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﻓﺘﺨﺘﺺ ﺑﻤﻜﺎن إﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ وﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺼﺮ‬
ÒRygÔAv Øxb Bmjv‡gi me‡P‡q eo GKwU cÖZxK-wPý| ZvB wkÔAv‡i Bmjv‡gi
AwaKZi cÖKvk nq Ggb ¯’v‡bi mv‡_ RygÔAv Lvm n‡e| Avi Zv n‡jv kni|Ó146
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvijvg †h, RygÔAvi bvgvh dih nIqvi Rb¨
kni nIqv kZ©|
kn‡ii cwiPq
kn‡ii msÁv`v‡b Ijvgv‡`i gv‡S gZv‰bK¨ i‡q‡Q| wbf©i‡hvM¨ I cÖwm× gZ wb‡gœ
Zz‡j aiv n‡jv| Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn.147 Gi GKwU †iIqv‡q‡Z Av‡Q-
.«‫إذا اﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻌﻬﻢ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ واﺣﺪ‬...»
Òkni ejv n‡e Ggb MÖvg‡K, †hLv‡b GZ msL¨K gvbyl Av‡Q GK gmwR‡` hv‡`i
msKzjvb nq bv|Ó148
Avey Avãyjøvn evjLx ivn. D³ gZwU‡K m‡e©vËg e‡j AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb|

144 Avey eKi Be‡b gvmD` Be‡b Avng` Avj Kvmvbx Avj nvbvdx ivn.| wZwb 587 wnRixi 10B iRe iweevi nvjv‡e
B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Zuvi iwPZ Ôev`v‡qDm mvbv‡qÕ wdK‡n nvbvdxi †idv‡iÝ eyK wn‡m‡e ewiZ| -nvw`qvZzj Avwidxb:
1/235
145 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/584, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
146 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/584, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
147 BqvKze Be‡b Beivnxg Be‡b nvexe Avey BDm~d ivn. wZwb nvwdRyj nv`xm wQ‡jb| Bgvg Avng` Be‡b n¤^j ivn.

e‡jb, me©cÖ_g Avwg Kvhx Avey BDmyd †_‡K nv`xm wj‡L Gici Ab¨‡`i †_‡K| Be‡b gvCb ivn. e‡jb, ‫ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ‬
.‫ |ﻓﻲ أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﺮأي أﺛﺒﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ وﻻ أﺣﻔﻆ وﻻ أﺻﺢ رواﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺑﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬wZwb evM`v‡`i Kvhx (wePviK) wQ‡jb| Bgvg
Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi kvM‡i`‡`i g‡a¨ Zuvi Ae¯’vb mevi kx‡l©| nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Dci me©cÖ_g wZwbB wKZve
†j‡Lb Ges cÖPvi K‡ib| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi Bjg‡K c„w_exi wewfbœ A‡j Qwo‡q †`b| 183 wnRix‡Z
Ljxdv nviæbyi ikx‡`i †LjvdZKv‡j B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj dvIqvwq`yj evwnq¨v: 225; dvhv‡q‡j Avey nvbxdv:
302
148 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/584, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
102 `imyj wdK&n
‫أﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﺑﺤﺎل ﻟﻮ اﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮا ﻓﻲ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪﻫﻢ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻌﻬﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻰ اﺣﺘﺎﺟﻮا إﻟﻰ ﺑﻨﺎء‬
.‫ﻣﺴﺠﺪ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻬﺬا ﻣﺼﺮ ﺗﻘﺎم ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬
Òkn‡ii cwiP‡q m‡e©vËg gZ n‡jv †Kv‡bv GjvKvi †jvKmsL¨v G‡Zv nq †h, hw`
Zv‡`i me©en„ r gmwR‡` mevB GKwÎZ nq, gmwR‡` Zv‡`i msKyjvb nq bv| GgbwK
RygÔAvi gmwR` wbg©v‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K kni ejv n‡e Ges †mLv‡b
RygÔAv Kv‡qg Kiv n‡e|Ó149
Avjøvgv ZygviZvmx ivn.150 D³ g‡Zi Dci dvZ&Iqv AvL¨v w`‡q e‡j‡Qb-
.‫ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﻮى أﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء‬،‫اﻟﻤﺼﺮ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻊ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪﻩ أﻫﻠﻪ اﻟﻤﻜﻠﻔﻴﻦ ﺑﻬﺎ‬
Òkni Ggb Avev`x‡K ejv nq, †hLv‡bi cÖvßeq¯‹ my¯’ †jvKMY †mLv‡bi me©en„ r
gmwR‡` GKwÎZ n‡j mK‡ji msKzjvb nq bv| Avi G K_vi Dci AwaKvsk dKx‡ni
dvZIqv|Ó151
kn‡ii DwjøwLZ msÁvq eo MÖvgI AšÍf©y³| †hgb, mvB‡q` ZvnZvex ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﻫﺬا ﻳﺼﺪق ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮى‬
Òkn‡ii msÁvq ‫ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﻊ‬Gi e¨vL¨vq Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb, GB msÁvwU A‡bK
MÖv‡gi †¶‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|Ó152
†gvUK_v kni, kniZjx I e„nr MÖv‡g RygÔAv Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e| Avi kn‡ii
DwjøwLZ cwiPq †Kv‡bv GjvKvq cvIqv bv †M‡j Zv †QvU MÖvg e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e|
†mLv‡b RygÔAvi bvgvh Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e bv|
GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv
ivm~jyjøvn RygÔAvi bvgvh cov ïiæ K‡ib g`xbvq Avmvi ci †_‡K| ZLb mviv
g`xbv Ry‡o ïay gmwR‡` beex‡ZB RygÔAvi bvgvh n‡Zv| g`xbv I Avkcv‡ki GjvKv
†_‡K mevB ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ AskMÖnY Ki‡Zv| wØZxq †Kv‡bv RvqMvq RygÔAv n‡Zv bv|
nhiZ Av‡qkv wmÏxKv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺎس ﻳﻨﺘﺎﺑﻮن ﻳﻮم اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎزﻟﻬﻢ واﻟﻌﻮاﻟﻲ‬
Ò†jvKRb Zv‡`i gbwRj I AvIqvjx †_‡K RygÔAvi w`b cvjvµ‡g Avm‡Zv|Ó153

149 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/584, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; wKZveyj gvemyZ, mvivLmx: 2/23, `viæj KzZzwej
Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
150 gynv¤§` Be‡b Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avng` Avj LZxe Avj M¾x AvZ ZzgviZvkx Avj nvbvdx ivn.| wZwb 939 wnRix‡Z

MvR¡ A‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 1004 wnRixi iRe gv‡m B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Zvbexiæj Avemvi, kiû Kvbwh`
`vKv‡qK, kiûj gvbvi I wKZveyj Dm~j BZ¨vw` Zuvi iPbvejxi Ab¨Zg| -nvw`qvZzj Avwidxb: 2/262
151 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 3/5, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
152 nvwkqvZzZ ZvnZvex Avjv` `yiwij gyLZvi: 1/338, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
153 mnxn eyLvix: 1/123, nv`xm bs 902
 GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv 103
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡j‡Qb-
.‫ وﻣﺎ روي اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬،‫أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﻴﻢ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn g`xbvq RygÔAv Kv‡qg Ki‡Zb| Zvi Avkcv‡k Ab¨ †Kv_vI RygÔAv
Kv‡qg Kiv ewY©Z nqwb|Ó154
KviYI wQ‡jv, †h‡nZz Bmjv‡gi ïiæ hyM, gymjgvb‡`i msL¨vMwiôZv I GKZv †`Lv‡bv
GKwU Acwinvh© welq wQ‡jv| AwaKš‘ ivm~j wQ‡jb mevi wk¶K| wewfbœ wel‡q
ZvÔjxg †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb wQ‡jv A‡bK Zxeª| mvnvev‡`i Øxwb A‡bK welq wk¶vMÖnY I
Abykxjb Kivi cÖ‡qvRb wQ‡jv| Gme¸‡jv mn‡R m¤¢e wQ‡jv mK‡ji mw¤§j‡b| ZvB
ZLb Ab¨ †Kv_vI RygÔAvi bvgvh nqwb|
Avjøvgv Be‡b Kz`vgv ivn.155 e‡jb-
‫وﻷن أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﻳﺮون ﺳﻤﺎع ﺧﻄﺒﺘﻪ وﺷﻬﻮد ﺟﻤﻌﺘﻪ وإن ﺑﻌﺪت ﻣﻨﺎزﻟﻬﻢ ﻷﻧﻪ اﻟﻤﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
.‫وﺷﺎرع اﻷﺣﻜﺎم‬
Òmvnvev‡q †Kivg ivm~jyjøvn Gi LyZev †kvbv Ges RygÔAvi w`b Dcw¯’Z n‡q
Zvi †cQ‡b bvgvh Av`vq Kivi Kvgbv Ki‡Zb, hw`I Zv‡`i evox A‡bK `~i nq|
KviY, ivm~jyjøvn Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K gyevwjøM I ûKzg-AvnKv‡gi eY©bvKvix|Ó156
cieZ©x LjxdvMYI GB aviv envj †i‡LwQ‡jb| RygÔAvi Abyiƒc C‡`i bvgv‡hi
welqwU| ivm~jyjøvn Gi hvgvbv‡Z I cieZ©x Ljxdv‡`i hvgvbv‡ZI g`xbvq GK
¯’v‡bB C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq Kiv n‡Zv| Z‡e 4_© Ljxdv nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Ae¯’v wePv‡i
`yB RvgvÔAv‡Z bvgvh covi AbygwZ †`b| nhiZ Avjx ivwh. mej‡`i‡K wb‡q
AbwZ`~‡ii wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b wb‡q C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Zb Avi `ye©jiv g`xbvq bvgvh
Av`vq KiZ| Bgvg Avey eKi Rvm&mvm ivn.157 e‡jb-
.‫أن ﻋﻠﻴﺎ  ﻛﺎن ﻳﺨﻠّﻒ رﺟﻼ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻀﻌﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ وﻳﺨﺮج ﻫﻮ ﻓﻴﺼﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬
ÒnhiZ Avjx ivwh. C‡`i w`b g`xbvq `ye©j‡`i C‡`i bvgvh cov‡bvi Rb¨ GKRb‡K
cÖwZwbwa wbhy³ K‡i wb‡R g`xbvi evB‡i wM‡q wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b †jvK‡`i‡K wb‡q bvgvh
co‡Zb|Ó158

154 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/584, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

155 Avey gynv¤§` gyIqvd&dvK DÏxb Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avng` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Kz`vgv Avj gvK‡`mx Av`
w`gvkKx Avj nv¤^jx ivn.| Be‡b Kz`vgv bv‡g cÖwm×| 541 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 620 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj
K‡ib| wdKn kv‡¯¿i A‡bK †L`gZ K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi iwPZ ÔAvj gyMbxÕ wdK‡n nv¤^jxi †idv‡iÝ eyK wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z|
-nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 1/459
156 Avj gyMbx: 2/183-184, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
157 Avng` Be‡b Avjx Avey eKi Avi ivhx Avj Rvmmvm| 305 wnRix‡Z evM`v‡` Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 370

wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei A‡bK eo Bgvg wQ‡jb| Zvi iwPZ K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© MÖš’ n‡jv
AvnKvgyj KziAvb, kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex, kiû Rv‡g gynv¤§`| -Avj dvIqv‡q`yj evwnq¨v: 27-28
158 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 2/134, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
104 `imyj wdK&n
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Gi `yB RvqMvq C‡`i bvgvh covi AbygwZ †_‡K eySv hvq †h, c~‡e©
C‡`i bvgvh GK RvqMvq nIqvUv †Kv‡bv w¯’ixK…Z ûKzg wQj bv| eis mvgwqK cÖ‡qvR‡b
wQ‡jv hvi wKQz Av‡jvPbv Avgiv BwZc~‡e© K‡i G‡mwQ| GKB mv‡_ GUvI Aby‡gq †h,
cÖ‡qvR‡b GKvwaK ¯’v‡b Av`vq Kiv hv‡e|
eZ©gv‡b kni eo nIqvq mevB GK‡Î GK ¯’v‡b bvgvh Av`vq Kiv ev cy‡iv kn‡ii
gvbyl GKwÎZ nIqv A‡bKUv Kómva¨ Ges Awbivc`I e‡U| †gvUK_v, Avjx ivwh.
cÖ‡qvR‡b GK kn‡i C‡`i bvgvh `yB ¯’v‡b Av`vq Kivi AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| Avi wewfbœ
w`K †_‡K C‡`i bvgv‡hi mv‡_ RygÔAvi bvgv‡hi mvgÄm¨Zv _vKvq Bgvg gynv¤§`
ivn.159 e‡j‡Qb, cÖ‡qvR‡b GKB kn‡i GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAvI Av`vq Kiv †h‡Z
cv‡i| Bgvg Avey eKi Rvmmvm ivn. e‡jb-
.‫واﻷول ﻫﻮ ﻗﻮل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺷﺒﻬﻪ ﺑﺼﻼة اﻟﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ واﻟﺠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬
ÒcÖ_gwU (GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAv ˆea nIqv) Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi gZ| wZwb RygÔAvi
bvgvh GKvwaK ¯’v‡b Av`vq Kivi welqwU Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb Avjx ivwh. Gi hy‡M C‡`i
bvgvh gmwR‡` I †Lvjv gv‡V Av`vq Kivi mv‡_|Ó160
Bgvg Zvnvex ivn.161 D³ gZwU D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb, G gZvbyhvqx Avgv‡`i Avgj n‡e|
‫ ﻫﻜﺬا روي‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺄن ﻳﺠﻤﻊ اﻹﻣﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺼﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ وﺑﻪ ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‬
ÒGK kn‡i `yB gmwR‡` RygÔAv Av`vq Ki‡Z evav †bB| (cÖ‡qvRb Qvov) `y‡qi †ewk
¯’v‡b Av`vq Kiv hv‡e bv GgbwU Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z| Avi Avgv‡`i Avgj
G gZvbymv‡iB n‡e|Ó162
Bgvg eyinvbyÏxb Be‡b gvRvn ivn. D‡jøL K‡ib-

159 gynv¤§` Bebyj nvmvb Be‡b IqvwK` Avey Avãyjøvn Avk& kvqevbx ivn.| wZwb wgmAvi Be‡b wK`vg, Bgvg gv‡jK,
Bgvg AvIhvqx, mydqvb mvIix cÖgyL gynvwÏm †_‡K Bj‡g nv`xm wk¶v K‡ib| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. †_‡K Bj‡g
wdKn AR©b K‡ib| wZwb KziAvb m¤ú‡K© me‡P‡q †ewk Bjg AR©b K‡ib| G Qvov Aviex fvlv, Bj‡g bvû Ges
Bj‡g wnmv‡eI Zvui Amvgvb¨ `¶Zv wQj| Bgvg kv‡dÕqx ivn. e‡j‡Qb, ‫ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ أﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ‬
‫ وﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺟﻤﻞ‬.‫ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ |اﻟﺤﺴﻦ‬Bgvg kv‡dÔqx I Be‡b gvCb Zuvi QvÎ wQ‡jb| Bgvg `vivKzZbx ivn.
Zuv‡K wmKvn (wbf©i‡hvM¨) gynvwÏm‡`i AšÍf©y³ K‡i‡Qb| wZwb eûMÖš’ iPbv K‡i Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi Bjg
cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi iwPZ K‡qKwU MÖš’ n‡jv Avj gvem~Z, Avj Rv‡gDm mMxi, Avj Rv‡gDj Kvexi, Avm wmqviæj
Kvexi, Avm wmqviæm mMxi, wKZveyj AvQvi, gyAvËv gynv¤§` BZ¨vw`| 187 wnRix‡Z wZwb B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj
dvIqvwq`yj evwnq¨v: 163; Avj RvIqvwniæj gywhq¨v: 2/44; dvhv‡q‡j Avey nvbxdv: 35, gvbvwKey Avex nvbxdv
160 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 1/234, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
161 Avng` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b mvjvgv Avey RvÔdi Zvnvex Avj Avh`x ivn.| wZwb nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei A‡bK eo Bgvg

I nvwdhyj nv`xm wQ‡jb| 229 ev 230 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 321 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Zvi iwPZ
K‡qKwU MÖš’ n‡jv kiû gvÔAvwbj AvQvi, gykwKjyj AvQvi, Avj gyLZvQvi BZ¨vw`| -Avj dvIqvB`yj evwnq¨v 31-
32
162 gyLZvmviæZ Zvnvex: 35, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb|
 GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv 105
.‫وﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ أو ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺮ واﺣﺪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ÒBgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi wbKU GK kn‡i `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAv Av`vq Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i|Ó163
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻟﻬﺬا ﻗﺎل اﻟﺴﺮﺧﺴﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ورواﻩ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬... ‫ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻳﺠﻮز‬
‫ وﺑﻪ ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ﻹﻃﻼق ﻻ ﺟﻤﻌﺔ إﻻ ﻓﻲ‬،‫ﻣﺬﻫﺐ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﺟﻮاز إﻗﺎﻣﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ واﺣﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺠﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮ‬
.‫ﻣﺼﺮ‬
ÒBgvg gynv¤§` ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z, GKvwaK RygÔAv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| hv Bgvg Avey nvbxdv
ivn. †_‡K †iIqv‡qZ K‡i‡Qb| †mRb¨B †Zv Bgvg mvivLmx ivn. e‡j‡Qb Bgvg Avey
nvbxdv ivn. Gi weï× gvhnve n‡jv GKB kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| Avgiv
G gZB MÖnY Ki‡ev| †Kbbv nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Gi evYx ‫ ﻻ ﺟﻤﻌﺔ إﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ‬kZ©nxbfv‡e
(GK ev GKvwaK ¯’v‡bi ewY©Z kZ© †bB) n‡q‡Q|Ó164
Avjøvgv nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ دﻓﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﺮج‬...‫ﺗﻮدي ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ واﺣﺪ ﺑﻤﻮاﺿﻊ ﻛﺜﻴﺮة ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻔﺘﻮى‬
‫ )دﻓﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﺮج( ﻷن ﻓﻲ إﻟﺰام اﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ ﺣﺮﺟﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ﻻﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎﺋﻪ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﻞ‬:‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ ﺑﻞ ﻗﻀﻴﺔ اﻟﻀﺮورة ﻋﺪم اﺷﺘﺮاط ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪم ﺟﻮاز اﻟﺘﻌﺪد‬،‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮﻳﻦ‬
.‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﺼﺮا ﻛﺒﻴﺮا ﻛﻤﺼﺮﻧﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻪ اﻟﻜﻤﺎل‬
Ògvhnve I dvZ&Iqv Abymv‡i gvby‡li Kó `~i KiYv‡_© (kni †QvU ev eo nIqv
BZ¨vw`i kZ© QvovB) GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAv Rv‡qh Av‡Q|Ó
ÒAvjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. ‫ دﻓﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﺮج‬Gi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb, mKj‡K GK ¯’v‡b
GKÎ nIqvi Avewk¨K kZ©v‡ivc Ki‡j gvby‡li Kó I mgm¨v n‡e hv Kvg¨ bq| KviY
AwaKvsk †jvK‡`i `~i-`yivšÍ †_‡K RygÔAvi bvgvh Av`v‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKÎ n‡Z n‡e|
A_P GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAv Av`vq A‰ea nIqvi †Kv‡bv `jxj we`¨gvb †bB Ges
RiæiZ I nvR‡Zi Pvwn`v n‡jv webv k‡Z©B GKvwaK RygÔAv Rv‡qh nIqv| we‡klZt
hLb eo kni n‡e|Ó165
GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAvi AbygwZ Riæi‡Zi mv‡_ m¤ú„³, cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Av`vq Kiv
hv‡e Ab¨_vq AbygwZ †bB| GUvB msL¨vMwiô dzKvnvi gZ|

163 Avj gynxZyj eyinvbx: 2/175, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; `ªóe¨- kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex:
2/135, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
164 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/25, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
165 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/16, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
106 `imyj wdK&n
Bgvg Be‡b Kz`vgv ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ‬،‫ وإن ﺣﺼﻞ اﻟﻐﻨﻰ ﺑﺎﺛﻨﻴﻦ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺠﺰ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬،‫ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪم اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻓﻲ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ واﺣﺪ‬
‫ ﻟﻜﻞ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫زاد ﻻ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎ إﻻ أن ﻋﻄﺎء ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ إن أﻫﻞ اﻟﺒﺼﺮة ﻻ ﻳﺴﻌﻬﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻷﻛﺒﺮ‬
‫ وﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮر أوﻟﻰ إذ ﻟﻢ‬،‫ وﻳﺠﺰى ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ اﻷﻛﺒﺮ‬،‫ﻗﻮم ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﻳﺠﻤﻌﻮن ﻓﻴﻪ‬
.‫ﻳﻨﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
وﺧﻠﻔﺎﺋﻪ أﻧﻬﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﻮا أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﺔ إذ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺪع اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬
ÒAvi cÖ‡qvRb bv _vK‡j GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAvi bvgvh cov Rv‡qh n‡e bv| `yB ¯’v‡b
covi Øviv cÖ‡qvRb cyiv n‡j Z…Zxq ¯’v‡b cov Rv‡qh n‡e bv| Gfv‡eB evwK¸‡jvi
ûKzg n‡e| Avi G‡¶‡Î Avgv‡`i Rvbv g‡Z wØgZ †cvlYKvix †bB| ïay AvZv ivn.166
Qvov| ... Avi msL¨vMwiô dKx‡ni gZB AMÖMY¨ I DËg| KviY ivm~jyjøvn Ges
Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb †_‡K GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAv Av`vq Kivi K_v ewY©Z †bB| KviY
ZLb cÖ‡qvRb wQ‡jv bv|Ó167
ZvB g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAv Av`vq Kivi ˆeaZvi A_© GB bq †h,
†hLv‡b B”Qv †mLv‡bB RygÔAvi bvgvh Av`vq Kiv hv‡e| eis GKvwaK ¯’v‡b RygÔAvi
bvgv‡hi AbygwZ †`qv n‡q‡Q cÖ‡qvR‡bi ZvwM‡`| ZvB Zv cÖ‡qvR‡bi g‡a¨B mxgve×
_vK‡e|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
02 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

166 Avey gynv¤§` AvZv Be‡b Avex ievn ivn.| wZwb Be‡b Ave¶vm, Avey ûivqiv, Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. cÖgyL mvnvev‡q
†Kivg †_‡K nv`xm eY©bv K‡ib| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi D¯Ívh| wZwb 115 wnRix‡Z 88 eQi eq‡m B‡šÍKvj
K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 611
167 Avj gyMbx: 2/185-186, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 107

†RjLvbv I msiw¶Z GjvKvq RygÔAvi bvgvh

gvIjvbv gvngy`yj nvmvb †bvqvLvjx
†RjLvbv I msiw¶Z GjvKvq RygÔAvi bvgvh Rv‡qh nIqv bv nIqvi e¨vcv‡i c~e©eZx©
dKxnM‡Yi wKZv‡e my¯úó †Kv‡bv eY©bv D‡jøL †bB| d‡j G wel‡q mgKvjxb Ijvgv‡q
†Kiv‡gi wewfbœ gZvgZ cvIqv hvq| KviY, nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei dzKvnv‡q †Kivg
RygÔAvi bvgvh mnxn nIqvi kZ©vejxi gv‡S ÔBh‡b AvgÕ Z_v me©mvavi‡Yi cª‡e‡ki
e¨vcK AbygwZ‡KI kZ© D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| †h‡nZz †RjLvbvq me©mvavi‡Yi cÖ‡e‡ki
AbygwZ _v‡K bv ZvB mvaviY `„wó‡Z g‡b nq, †RjLvbvq RygÔAvi bvgvh Rv‡qh n‡e
bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e g‡b nq, G ai‡bi Ab¨vb¨ msiw¶Z GjvKvi GKB ûKzg| †hgb,
wegvbe›`i, †mbvwbevm, eo KviLvbv ev me©mvavi‡Yi hvZvqvZ wbwl× msiw¶Z GjvKv
BZ¨vw` |
GLb Avgv‡`i Rvbv cÖ‡qvRb, dKxnMY me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZi †h kZ© D‡jøL
K‡i‡Qb Zv †Kv‡bv ch©v‡qi Ges Zvi D‡Ïk¨ Kx?
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ‬،‫ وﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺤﻞ اﻟﻨﺰاع ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺎم إﻻ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻞ واﺣﺪ أﻣﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺗﻌﺪدت ﻓﻼ‬:‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬
.‫ﻻﻳﺘﺤﻘﻖ اﻟﺘﻔﻮﻳﺖ ﻛﻤﺎ أﻓﺎدﻩ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﺄﻣﻞ‬
ÒAvjøvgv kvgx ivn. Gi eY©bv †_‡K eySv hvq †h, RygÔAv Rv‡qh nIqvi Rb¨
me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZi kZ©wU H mgq cÖ‡hvR¨ hLb GK kn‡i ïaygvÎ GK
RvqMvq RygÔAv nq| Avi GLb †h‡nZz GK kn‡i A‡bK RvqMvq RygÔAv Kv‡qg nq,
ZvB GLb me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZ _vKvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| †Kbbv, me©mvavi‡Yi
e¨vcK AbygwZi kZ©wU ivLv n‡q‡Q †hb †Kv‡bv e¨w³ RygÔAv †_‡K ewÂZ bv nq, Avi
†h‡nZz m¤cÖwZ me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZ bv _vK‡jI Kv‡iv RygÔAvi bvgvh †_‡K
ewÂZ nIqvi AvksKv †bB, ZvB GLb me©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ e¨vcK AbygwZ kZ©wUI
cÖ‡qvRb †bB|Ó168
wKš‘ Dc‡iv³ fv‡l¨i Dci G cÖkœ DÌvwcZ n‡Z cv‡i †h, hw` me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK
AbygwZi kZ©wU KvD‡K RygÔAv †_‡K ewÂZ bv Kivi Rb¨B nq, Zvn‡j †h kn‡i
GKvwaK RygÔAv nq †mLv‡b hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ wb‡Ri N‡ii `iRv eÜ K‡i RygÔAvi
bvgv‡hi RvgvÔAvZ K‡i Zvn‡j Zv ˆea nIqvi K_v, A_P Zv ˆea bq| GQvovI hLb
†_‡K GK kn‡i GKvwaK RygÔAvi cÖPjb ïiæ n‡q‡Q, ZLb †_‡K dKxnM‡Yi Rb¨
Zv‡`i wKZvemg~n †_‡K me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZi kZ©wU ev` w`‡q †`qv DwPZ
wQj| A_ev ev` bv w`‡jI cvkvcvwk G K_vI wj‡L ‡`qv DwPZ wQj †h, eZ©gv‡b G
168 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/152, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
108 `imyj wdK&n
k‡Z©i Dci Avgj Kiv IqvwRe bq| A_P dKxnMY GKvwaK RygÔAv nIqv m‡Ë¡I
Zv‡`i wKZv‡e me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZi kZ©wU D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb Ges cv‡k wfbœ
†Kv‡bv gZ cÖKvk K‡ibwb?
DÌvwcZ cÖkœ hyw³msMZ, wKš‘ wdK&‡ni wKZvevw` Aa¨q‡b cÖZxqgvb nq †h,ÒBh‡b
AvgÓ Z_v me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZi kZ©wU bvw`iæi †iIqv‡qZ (nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei
cÖwm× Qq wKZve e¨ZxZ Ab¨ wKZv‡ei eY©bvq) cvIqv hvq, wKš‘ hvwniæi †iIqv‡qZ
(nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× Qq wKZv‡e) cvIqv hvq bv| †hgb Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx
ivn. D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫وذﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻮادر ﺷﺮﻃﺎ آﺧﺮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ وﻫﻮ أداء اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ اﻻﺷﺘﻬﺎر‬
Òbv‡`iæi †iIqv‡qZ (nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× Qq wKZve e¨ZxZ Ab¨ wKZv‡ei
eY©bvq) Ab¨ GKwU kZ© D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv hv‡niæi †iIqv‡q‡Z D‡jøL ‡bB| Zv
n‡jv RygÔAv Av`vq ï× nIqvi Rb¨ me©mvavi‡Yi hvZvqv‡Zi e¨vcK AbygwZ
_vKv|Ó169
d‡j †`Lv hvq †n`vqv MÖš’Kvi Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn.I me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK
AbygwZi kZ©wU D‡jøL K‡ibwb|170
GQvov Avjøvgv myM`x171 ivn.I wbR wKZve ÔAvb-byZvd wdj dvZvIqvqÕ RygÔAvi Rb¨
me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZi kZ©wU D‡jøL K‡ibwb | †hgb D‡jøL n‡q‡Q-
،‫ أﻣﺮ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن‬:‫ واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ اﻟﻤﺼﺮ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ‬:‫ أﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬،‫وأﻣﺎ ﺻﻼة اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺗﺠﻮز إﻻ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﺷﺮاﺋﻂ‬
.‫ اﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ‬:‫ واﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬،‫ اﻟﻘﻮم‬:‫ واﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬،‫ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬:‫واﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
ÒRygÔAvi bvgvh Rv‡q‡hi Rb¨ cvuPwU kZ©| 1. kni nIqv| 2. ev`kvni AbygwZ
_vKv| 3. mgq nIqv| 4. RvgvÔAvZ nIqv| 5. LyZev †`qv|Ó172
Avevi †`Lv hvq, bv‡`iæi †iIqv‡qZ (nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× Qq wKZve e¨ZxZ Ab¨
wKZv‡ei) eY©bv Abyhvqx A‡bK dzKvnv‡q †Kivg Zv‡`i wKZv‡e RygÔAv Rv‡q‡hi Rb¨
me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZi kZ©wU D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ Gi ggv©‡_©i †¶‡Î
dKxnM‡Yi gv‡S gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q|
†KD †KD ÔBh‡b Av‡giÕ gg©v_© Giƒc eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, cÖ‡Z¨K H e¨w³ hvi Dci
RygÔAv dih, RygÔAv Av`v‡qi ¯’v‡b Zv‡`i Avmvi AbygwZ Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e|
G m¤ú‡K© Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. GKwU †iIqvqvZ bKj K‡i‡Qb| Zv n‡jv-

169 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/217, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi

170 †n`vqv: 1/170, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
171 iæKbyj Bmjvg Aveyj nvmvb Avjx Be‡b ûmvBb Avm myM`x ivn.| kvgmyj AvB¤§v mvivLmx ivn. Zuvi Ab¨Zg D¯Ívh

wQ‡jb| Avb byZvd wdj dvZvIqv I kiûj RvwgÔqj Kvexi Zuvi Ab¨Zg iPbv| wZwb 461 wnRix m‡b eyLvivq
B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj dvIqv‡q`yj evwnq¨v: 121
172 Avb byZvd wdj dvZvIqv: 61, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 †RjLvbv I msiw¶Z GjvKvq RygÔAvi bvgvh 109
‫ أي أن ﻳﺄذن ﻟﻠﻨﺎس إذﻧﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﺎ ﺑﺄن ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ أﺣﺪا ﻣﻤﻦ ﺗﺼﺢ ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻋﻦ دﺧﻮل اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ‬:‫اﻹذن اﻟﻌﺎم‬
.‫ وﻫﺬا ﻣﺮاد ﻣﻦ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻹذن اﻟﻌﺎم ﺑﺎﻻﺷﺘﻬﺎر‬،‫اﻟﺬي ﺗﺼﻠﻲ‬
Aci w`‡K †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv dKxn ÔBh‡b Av‡giÕ gg©v_© eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, †h GjvKvq
RygÔAvi bvgvh Av`vq Kiv n‡”Q H GjvKvi †jvK‡`i †mLv‡b Avmvi cy‡ivcywi AbygwZ
_vK‡Z n‡e| evwn‡ii †jvK‡`i Avmvi AbygwZ bv _vK‡jI †Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bB|173
†hgb Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷن اﻹذن اﻟﻌﺎم ﻣﻘﺮر ﻹﻫﻠﻪ وﻏﻠﻘﻪ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ اﻟﻌﺪو ﻻ‬،‫ﻓﻼ ﻳﻀﺮ ﻏﻠﻖ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻟﻌﺪو أو ﻟﻌﺎدة ﻗﺪﻳﻤﺔ‬
.‫ ﻧﻌﻢ ﻟﻮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻐﻠﻖ ﻟﻜﺎن أﺣﺴﻦ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻲ‬
Ò`yM© ev msiw¶Z GjvKvq Ae¯’vbiZ †jv‡Kiv hw` Z_vq bvgvh Av`v‡qi AbygwZcÖvß
nq, Avi cÖvPxb ixwZi wfwˇZ wKsev `ykg‡bi Avk¼vq `y‡M©i †MBU eÜ ivLv nq Zv
e¨vcK AbygwZ kZ©wUi cwicš’x n‡e bv| KviY GwU †Kej wbivcËvRwbZ Kvi‡Y,
gymjøx‡`i‡K evavMÖ¯Í Kivi Rb¨ bq| ZeyI hw` eÜ bv Kiv n‡Zv, Zv DËg n‡ZvÓ174
GQvovI Avjøvgv ïiægeyjvjx in.175 D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ‬،‫ وﻗﺪ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪم ﺻﺤﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮة‬،‫ﻗﻠﺖ اﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﺑﻦ اﻟﺸﺤﻨﺔ‬
‫ ﻷن وﺟﻪ اﻟﻘﻮل ﺑﻌﺪم‬،‫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‬:‫ وأﻗﻮل‬.‫ﺗﻘﻔﻞ وﻗﺖ ﺻﻼة اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ وﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺼﺮا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺻﺤﺔ ﺻﻼة اﻹﻣﺎم ﺑﻘﻔﻠﻪ ﻗﺼﺮﻩ اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻪ ﺑﻬﺎ دون اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ واﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻣﻔﻘﻮدة ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ وإن‬
‫ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻮت‬،‫ ﻷن ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻋﺪة ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺧﻄﺒﺔ‬،‫ﻗﻔﻠﺖ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺘﺺ اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬
‫ ﺑﻞ ﻟﻮ ﺑﻘﻴﺖ اﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺮﻏﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻃﻠﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻟﻮﺟﻮدﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ دﺧﻮل اﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﻼ وﺟﻪ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬،‫ وﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺤﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﺮ ﻋﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺐ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ أﺳﻬﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻌﻮد ﻟﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﺻﺤﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﻌﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﻔﻠﻬﺎ‬
ÒGKvwaK RygÔAvi †¶‡Î ÒBh‡b Av‡giÓ e¨vcK A_© †bqvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| hvi d‡j
cª‡Z¨K H e¨w³ hvi Dci RygÔAvi bvgvh dih Zvi †mLv‡b Avmvi AbygwZ _vK‡Z
n‡e| eis †Kv‡bv RbemwZ hw` Ggb nq †hLv‡b emevmKvix‡`i GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨
msL¨v i‡q‡Q Ges H RbemwZi me †jv‡Ki †mLv‡b RygÔAvi bvgvh Av`v‡qi AbygwZ
_v‡K| Zvn‡j GZUzKz AbygwZ ÔBh‡b Av‡giÕ gg©v‡_©i Rb¨ h‡_ó e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e|
Aek¨B D³ RbemwZi evB‡ii †jvK‡`i‡K †fZ‡i cÖ‡e‡ki AbygwZ bv †`qvUv bvgvh

173 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/151, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

174 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/152, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; `ªóe¨, gvRgvÔDj Avbûi: 1/246
175 Avey BLjvm nvmvb Be‡b Av¤§vi Be‡b BDmyd Avj wgmix Avk ïiæ¤^yjvjx ivn.| wZwb 994 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib

Ges 1069 wnRix‡Z wgm‡i B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| nvbvdx wdK‡ni Dci Zuvi A‡bK iPbv i‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ gvivwKj
dvjvn I AvZ ZvnKxKvZzj Kz`wmqv Iqvb bvdvnvZzi ingvwbqv (hv mvZwU wimvjvi mgwó) Ab¨Zg| -nvw`qvZzj
Avwidxb: 1/292
110 `imyj wdK&n
†_‡K euvav †`qvi D‡Ï‡k¨ bv n‡Z n‡e| eis H wb‡lavÁv n‡e wbivcËvi Kvi‡Y wKsev
cÖkvmwbK k„•Ljv BZ¨vw` i¶v‡_©|Ó176
Dc‡iv³ fvl¨ †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, Bh‡b Av‡gi kZ©wU nvbvdx dKxn‡`i †_‡K
G‡Kev‡iB wejyß n‡q hvqwb, eis Zvi gg©v_© GB `uvovq †h, hw` msiw¶Z GjvKvq
RygÔAvi bvgvh nq Avi †m msiw¶Z GjvKvi gvbyl‡`i‡K †mLv‡b Avmvi AbygwZ †`qv
nq Ges evB‡ii †jvK‡`i‡K wbivcËvi Kvi‡Y wKsev cÖkvmwbK k„•Ljv wVK ivLvi Rb¨
evav †`qv nq Zvn‡j Zv ÔBh‡b Av‡giÕ cwicš’x n‡e bv| Z‡e Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡Z
n‡e †h, msiw¶Z GjvKvi wbqg-k„•Ljv envj ivL‡Z wM‡q †m GjvKvi evB‡ii
†jv‡Kiv †hb bvgvh †_‡K ewÂZ bv nq|
GKwU cÖkœ I Zvi Reve
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg †RjLvbvi K‡q`x‡`i e¨vcv‡i GKwU gvmAvjv D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb,
RygÔAvi w`b †RjLvbvi †jvK‡`i Rb¨ †hvn‡ii RvgvÔAvZ Kiv gvKiƒn| †hgb
dvZvIqv‡q wnw›`qv‡Z D‡jøL i‡q‡Q-
‫ ﻟﻬﻢ أن ﻳﺼﻠﻮا اﻟﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﺑﺄذان‬،‫وﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻘﺮى واﻟﺒﻮادي‬
‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻤﺼﺮ إذا ﻓﺎﺗﺘﻬﻢ‬،‫ واﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮون إذا ﺣﻀﺮوا ﻳﻮم اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻳﺼﻠﻮن ﻓﺮادى‬،‫وإﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬
.‫ وﻳﻜﺮﻩ ﻟﻬﻢ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ وأﻫﻞ اﻟﺴﺠﻦ واﻟﻤﺮض‬
Ò‡h MÖv‡gi Awaevmx I †e`yCb‡`i Dci RygÔAv Avek¨K bq Zviv RygÔAvi w`b Avhvb
I BKvgZ w`‡q RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ †hvn‡ii bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| c¶všÍ‡i
gymvwdi e¨w³iv RygÔAvi w`b kn‡i Dcw¯’Z n‡j wfbœ wfbœfv‡e †hvn‡ii bvgvh Av`vq
Ki‡e| (†hvn‡ii bvgv‡hi RvgvÔAvZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|) Abyiƒc knievmx RygÔAvi
bvgvh bv †c‡j Ges †RjLvbvi Avmvgx I Amy¯’ e¨w³ GKvKx †hvn‡ii bvgvh Av`vq
Ki‡e| Zv‡`i Rb¨ †hvn‡ii RvgvÔAvZ Kiv gvKiƒn|Ó177
Abyiƒc †n`vqv, bvIqv‡hj- G D‡jøL i‡q‡Q|
G gvmAvjv †_‡K GKwU cÖkœ m„wó nq| Zv n‡jv, ‡RjLvbvi e›`x‡`i Rb¨ RygÔAv cov
Rv‡qh †bB|
DËi: 1. Gi Rev‡e Avjøvgv ïiægeyjvjx ivn. Gi Dc‡ivwjøwLZ ÔBh‡b Av‡giÕ e¨vL¨v
Øviv eySv hvq, GUv H mg‡qi K_v hLb RygÔAv ev`kvni AbygwZµ‡g ïay GK RvqMvq
AbywôZ n‡Zv Avi †Kv‡bv RvqMvq RygÔAv n‡Zv bv|
2. †RjLvbv K‡qK ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i| Zb¥‡a¨ GUvI nIqv m¤¢e †h, †RjLvbv
ZrKvjxb GKwU Ni ev GKUv msKxY© RvqMv wQ‡jv, hv‡K GKwU GjvKv ejv hvq bv|
wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b †RjLvbv weivU GjvKv Ry‡o n‡q _v‡K|

176 gvivKxj dvjvn: 510, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

177 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/205, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 †RjLvbv I msiw¶Z GjvKvq RygÔAvi bvgvh 111
mviK_v
hw` †Kv‡bv kn‡i ev`kvni AbygwZµ‡g ïay GK RvqMvq RygÔAv nq, ZLb RygÔAv
ˆea nIqvi Rb¨ me©mvavi‡Yi e¨vcK AbygwZ _vK‡Z n‡e| A_©vr hvi Dci RygÔAv
IqvwRe Zvi Rb¨ †h RvqMvq cÖ‡e‡ki †Kv‡bviƒc evav bv _vK‡Z n‡e, Ab¨_vq †mLv‡b
RygÔAv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| Ggwbfv‡e hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ wbR N‡i ev †`vKv‡b RygÔAv
Av`vq Ki‡Z Pvq, Zvn‡j †mLv‡b me©mvavi‡Yi cÖ‡e‡ki e¨vcK AbygwZ _vK‡Z n‡e|
Ab¨_vq GB RygÔAvI Rv‡qh n‡e bv| †Kvb msiw¶Z GjvKvq hw` A‡bK gvbyl emevm
K‡i Avi †mUv kn‡ii †fZ‡i nq Ges Ab¨vb¨ RvqMvqI RygÔAv nq, Z‡e k„•Ljv
i¶v‡_© ev wbivcËvi Kvi‡Y †mLv‡b me©mvavi‡Yi cÖ‡e‡ki e¨vcK AbygwZ bv _v‡K,
wKš‘ †mLv‡b emevmKvix gvby‡li cÖ‡e‡ki e¨vcK AbygwZ _v‡K, Zvn‡j †m mg¯Í
RvqMvq RygÔAv Rv‡qh n‡e| †hgb eo †RjLvbv, wegvbe›`i, †mbvwbevm I eo
d¨v±ix BZ¨vw`|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 30 iweDm mvbx 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
14 mdi 1435wn.
112

Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi kiÔqx weavb

Aveyj evkvi †mv‡nj wmivRx
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv n‡jv, `vd‡bi Av‡M ev c‡i Ggb gvBwq‡Zi Rvbvhvi bvgvh Av`vq
Kiv, †h gvBwqZ mvg‡b Dcw¯’Z †bB| m¤úªwZ G RvZxq Rvbvhvi cÖeYZv w`b w`b
†e‡o GKwU ivR‰bwZK Kg©m~wPi iƒc wb‡q †`k-we‡`‡ki A‡bK ¯’v‡b Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q|
GgbwK †`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e A‡bK‡KB AskMÖnY Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| ZvB
G wel‡q kiÔqx mgvavb mwe¯Ív‡i Av‡jvPbvi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q| AZGe, kixÔAv‡Zi
`jxjmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi weavb GLv‡b Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-
g~j Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© Rvbvhvi ¸iæZ¡ I ivm~jyjøvn Gi Rvbvhvi bvgvh Av`v‡qi
c×wZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Rvbvhvi bvgv‡hi ¸iæZ¡ GKwU ¯^Ztwm× ev
me©Rb¯^xK…Z welq| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ واﺗﺒﺎع‬،‫ وﻋﻴﺎدة اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ‬،‫ رد اﻟﺴﻼم‬:‫ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﺧﻤﺲ‬:‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻘﻮل‬
.‫ وﺗﺸﻤﻴﺖ اﻟﻌﺎﻃﺲ‬،‫ وإﺟﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺪﻋﻮة‬،‫اﻟﺠﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi Dc‡i Aci gymjgv‡bi cuvPwU nK ev AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| 1.
mvjv‡gi DËi †`qv| 2. Amy¯’ e¨w³i †mev Kiv| 3. Rvbvhv Av`vq Kiv| 4. `vIqvZ
MÖnY Kiv| 5. nuvwPi Reve †`qv|Ó178
GQvov Av‡iv A‡bK nv`xm i‡q‡Q hv †_‡K Rvbvhvi ¸iæ‡Z¡i welqwU ¯úó ey‡S Av‡m|
ïay ZvB bq eis ivm~j wb‡RI Rvbvhvi bvgvh covi cÖwZ me©vwaK ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Zb|
mvnvev‡`i Rvbvhvi cÖwZ ivm~jyjøvn AwaK AvMÖnx nIqvi welqwU nhiZ Avey
ûivqiv ivwh. Gi GKwU eY©bv †_‡K dz‡U D‡V-
‫ أﻓﻼ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻣﺎت‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا‬،‫ ﻓﻤﺎت ﻓﺴﺄل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻋﻨﻪ‬،‫أن رﺟﻼ أﺳﻮد أو اﻣﺮأة ﺳﻮداء ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
.‫ ﻓﺄﺗﻰ ﻗﺒﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻗﺒﺮﻫﺎ‬:‫ﻛﻨﺘﻢ أذﻧﺘﻤﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻮﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺒﺮﻩ أو ﻗﺎل‬
ÒGKRb Kv‡jv e¨w³ ev gwnjv gmwR` cwi®‹vi KiZ, GK`v ivm~jyjøvn (Zv‡K
†`L‡Z bv †c‡q) mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡K Zvi m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv K‡ib| Dˇi Zuviv ej‡jb,
†m gyZz¨eiY K‡i‡Q| wZwb ej‡jb, †Zvgiv wK Zvi e¨vcv‡i Avgv‡K AeMZ Ki‡e bv?
Avgv‡K Zvi Kei †`wL‡q `vI A_ev wZwb ej‡jb, Avgv‡K †m gwnjvi Kei †`wL‡q
`vI| Gici Ke‡ii wbKU G‡m Rvbvhvi bvgvh c‡ob|Ó179
GQvovI Be‡b DevB gybv‡dK nIqv m‡Ë¡I Zvi Rvbvhvi bvgvh covi cÖwZ AvMÖnx
nIqv †_‡KI ivm~jyjøvn Gi AšÍ‡i Rvbvhvi bvgvh I gvBwq‡Zi Rb¨ `yÔAvi

178 mnxn eyLvix: 1/166

179 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 458
 Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi kiÔqx weavb 113
¸iæ‡Z¡i ewntcÖKvk N‡U|
wØZxq welq n‡jv ivm~jyjøvn Gi Rvbvhvi mve©¶wYK c×wZ Kx wQj? ivm~jyjøvn
Gi cyiv Rxebx Zvjvk Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, hZ¸‡jv Rvbvhvi bvgvh wZwb
cwo‡q‡Qb me¸‡jv‡Z gvBwqZ‡K mvg‡b †i‡LB cwo‡q‡Qb (nu¨v, ev`kvn bvRvkxi
Rvbvhv Mv‡qevbv wQ‡jv e‡j †h `vwe Kiv n‡q _v‡K Zvi we¯ÍvwiZ we‡kølY mvg‡b
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e BbkvAvjøvn)| GgbwK gvBwq‡Zi †Kv‡bv Ask eivei ivm~jyjøvn
`uvov‡Zb Ges GKvwaK gvBwqZ n‡j †Kv‡bv ZviZx‡e ivLv n‡Zv ZvI mvnvev‡q
†Kivg mh‡Zœ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Avi ivm~jyjøvn I mvnvev‡`i G mKj c×wZ †_‡K
mn‡RB cÖgvwYZ nq †h, gvBwq‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Rvbvhv covB mybœvn ev ivm~‡ji ZixKv|
ZvB †Zv ivm~jyjøvn Gi hy‡M A‡bK mvnvev `~i-`~iv‡šÍ B‡šÍKvj K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘
Rvbvhvi AZ¨vwaK ¸iæZ¡ Ges GKvšÍ nK nIqv m‡Ë¡I ivm~jyjøvn †Kv‡bv mvnvexi
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv c‡obwb| Bgvg Kvgvj DÏxb Bebyj ûgvg nvbvdx ivn. e‡jb-
، ‫ وﻣﻦ أﻋﺰاﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺎن اﻟﻘﺮاء‬،‫أﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻮﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ  ﻏﻴﺒﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻷﺳﻔﺎر ﻛﺄرض اﻟﺤﺒﺸﺔ واﻟﻐﺰوات‬
‫ وﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻓﻲ ﻣﻦ أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻳﺼﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ‬.‫وﻟﻢ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﻗﻂ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ
ﺻﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
.‫ ﻓﺈن ﺻﻼﺗﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ رﺣﻤﺔ ﻟﻪ‬.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻮﺗﻦ أﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ إﻻ آذﻧﺘﻤﻮﻧﻰ ﺑﻪ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬
Òmvnvev‡`i A‡b‡K huviv ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K `~ieZx© †Kv‡bv md‡i †hgb nvekv Ges
wewfbœ wRnv‡`i gq`v‡b g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Qb| we‡kl K‡i ivm~jyjøvn Gi KziAvb
wk¶v`vbKvix cÖvYwcÖq mvnvev huviv (ex‡i gvÔDbvi md‡i) kvnv`vZ eiY K‡i‡Qb
(huv‡`i Rb¨ gvme¨vcx Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv c‡o‡Qb,) Zuv‡`i Rb¨ bexRxi Rvbvhv covi
cÖgvY †bB| A_P wZwb ¯^xq mvnvev‡`i Rvbvhv covi cÖwZ AwZ AvMÖnx wQ‡jb| GgbwK
wZwb G wb‡`©kI w`‡qwQ‡jb †h, †Zvgv‡`i †KD hw` g„Zz¨eiY K‡i Zvn‡j Aek¨B
Avgv‡K AewnZ Ki‡e (†hb Avwg Zvi Rvbvhv cwo‡q w`B)| †Kbbv, Avgvi bvgvh Zvi
Rb¨ ingZ ¯^iƒc|Ó180
ivm~jyjøvn Gi ci‡jvK Mg‡bi mgq Zvui wb‡ew`ZcÖvY A‡bK mvnvev huviv g`xbvq
Dcw¯’Z n‡q Rvbvhvq kixK n‡Z cv‡ibwb| Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv GKRbI `~‡i †_‡K bexRxi
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv c‡obwb| hw` welqwU kixÔAvZm¤§Z nZ, Zvn‡j GKRb mvnvexI
cÖvYvwaK wcÖq GB gnvgvbe I gnvb ivm~‡ji Rvbvhv †_‡K ewÂZ _vK‡Zb bv| †hgbwU
Avjøvgv Bjøxk ivn. ÔgyLZvmviæj LjxjÕ Gi e¨vL¨vMÖ‡š’ D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪم ﺻﻼة أﻣﺘﻪ‬،
‫ﺻﻼﺗﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺷﻲ ﻳﻮم ﻣﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﺄرض اﻟﺤﺒﺸﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ
وﻓﻴﻬﺎ أﻋﻈﻢ اﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ‬
Òg`xbvq bvRvkxi Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv covi welqwU ivm~jyjøvn Gi ˆewkó¨ wQj|

180 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/121, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

114 `imyj wdK&n
†Kbbv, D¤§Z ivm~‡ji Rvbvhv Av`vq Kivi cÖwZ AwaK AvMÖnx nIqv m‡Ë¡I Zuvi
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Av`vq K‡iwb|Ó181
ïay ZvB bq eis AbymiYxq †mvbvjx wZb hyM, we‡klfv‡e †Ljvd‡Z iv‡k`vi mgqKv‡j
†Kv‡bv mvnvex I Zv‡eÔqx‡K Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv co‡Z †`Lv hvqwb| A_P gvBwqZ‡K
mvg‡b †i‡L Rvbvhv covi bRxi AmsL¨-AMwYZ| myZivs gvBwq‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z
Rvbvhvi bvgvh covi wbqgB mybœvn|
Avi G mewKQzi wfwˇZB BgvgMY Rvbvhv mnxn nIqvi Rb¨ gvBwqZ mvg‡b Dcw¯’Z
_vKvi kZ©v‡ivc K‡i _v‡Kb|
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbvi g~j K_v n‡jv- mKj Bgvg Dcw¯’Z gvBwq‡Zi Rvbvhv di‡h
wKdvqv nIqvi e¨vcv‡i †hgb HK¨gZ †Zgwbfv‡e Abycw¯’Z e¨w³i Rvbvhv dih bv
nIqvi e¨vcv‡iI mevB HKgZ¨| A_©vr Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv cov‡bi †Kv‡bv Bgvg‡Z
dih ev IqvwRe bq| Z‡e nu¨v hw` †KD Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv co‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j Zv Rv‡qh
n‡e wKbv? G welq wb‡q BgvgM‡Yi gv‡S gZwe‡iva i‡q‡Q, hvi mvims‡¶c wb‡gœ
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi e¨vcv‡i Bgvg‡`i gZvgZ
Bgvg AvÔhg Avey nvbxdv ivn. I Zvi AbyMvgx mKj Bgvg Ges Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. Gi
g‡Z- Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Rv‡qh †bB, `vd‡bi Av‡M †nvK ev c‡i| gvBwqZ kn‡ii
†fZ‡i _vKzK ev evB‡i|
Avjøvgv kvgmyj AvB¤§v Avm& mvivLmx Avj-nvbvdx ivn.182 e‡jb-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻴﺖ ﻏﺎﺋﺐ‬: ‫ﻗﺎل ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻨﺎ‬
ÒAvgv‡`i Ijvgv‡q †Kivg e‡jb, Abycw¯’Z gvBwq‡Zi Rvbvhv cov hv‡e bv|Ó183
ÔgyLZvQviæj LjxjÕ Gi e¨vL¨v MÖ‡š’ Avjøvgv Bjøxk gv‡jKx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﺋﺐ‬
ÒAbycw¯’Z gvBwq‡Zi Rvbvhv cov hv‡e bv|Ó184
DwjøwLZ †iIqv‡qZmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K Ges dKxnM‡Yi gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ my¯úó †h,
nvbvdx I gv‡jKx gvhnv‡e Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Rv‡qh †bB| G e¨vcv‡i Bgvg Avng`
Be‡b nv¤^j ivn. †_‡K Rv‡qh nIqvi GKwU Dw³ _vK‡jI ¯^xq kvMwi` Be‡b Avex
181 kiû gyLZvmvwij Ljxj: 1/316-317, `viæ mv‡`i, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
182 gynv¤§v` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Avey mvnvj Avey eKi kvgmyj AvB¤§v Avm mvivLmx Avj nvbvdx ivn.| wZwb 483
wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Bgvg gynv¤§v` ivn. Gi cÖvq me wKZv‡ei wZwb e¨vL¨v wj‡L‡Qb| gvem~Z I gynxZ Zuvi
RMZ weL¨vZ iPbv| eyinvbyj AvB¤§v Avãyj Avhxh Be‡b Igi Be‡b gvRvn I gvngy` Be‡b Avãyj Avhxh Dhvhv›`x
ivn. ZuviB my‡hvM¨ kvM‡i`| -nvw`qvZzj Avwidxb: 2/76
183 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 2/67, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
184 gvbûj Rvjxj: 1/376, `viæ mv‡`i, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi kiÔqx weavb 115
gymv Zuvi †_‡K bvRv‡qh nIqvi K_v D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| †hgbwU wj‡L‡Qb nv¤^jx
gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× wdKvn&we` Bgvg Be‡b Kz`vgv ivn.-
‫ ﻷن ﻣﻦ‬: ‫ وﺣﻜﻰ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻋﻦ أﺣﻤﺪ رﺣـ رواﻳﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﺠﻮز‬: ‫وﻗﺎل ﻣﺎﻟﻚ وأﺑﻮﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
.‫ﺷﺮط اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﺎزة ﺣﻀﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺠﺰ اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻏﻴﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
ÒBgvg gv‡jK ivn. I Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Df‡q e‡jb, Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Rv‡qh
†bB| Bgvg Avng` ivn. †_‡K Be‡b Avex gymv D³ Bgvg؇qi Abyiƒc (bvRv‡qh
nIqvi) GKwU Dw³ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb ...|Ó185
Avi Avgiv c~‡e© cÖgvYvw`mn Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ †h, G gZwU mybœvn m¤§Z|
Bgvg kv‡dÔqx ivn. I Bgvg Avng` web nv¤^j ivn. Gi g‡Z gvBwqZ wfbœ kn‡i
_vK‡j Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Rv‡qh|
†hgbwU e‡j‡Qb W. Iqvnve hynvBjx ivn.-
،‫ رأي اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻴﺔ ﻋﺪم ﺟﻮاز اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻔﻘﻬﺎء رأﻳﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬
.‫ورأي اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻴﺔ واﻟﺤﻨﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺟﻮاز اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻴﺖ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬
ÒMv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi e¨vcv‡i wdKvn&we`‡`i `yÕai‡bi gZvgZ cvIqv hvq| nvbvdx I
gv‡jKx dKxnMY bvRv‡qh nIqvi AwfgZ †cvlY K‡ib, Avi kv‡dÔqx I nv¤^jx
dKxnMY Zv Rv‡qh e‡j D‡jøL K‡ib|Ó186
GQvov Bgvg kv‡dÔqx ivn. kn‡ii evB‡i Aew¯’Z gvBwq‡Zi †¶‡Î Zv Rv‡qh ej‡jI
kn‡ii †fZ‡i Dcw¯’Z gvBwq‡Zi †¶‡Î Zv bvRv‡qh e‡j‡Qb| †hgb Bgvg beex ivn.
e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز أن ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ وﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ اﻟﻤﺼﻨﻒ واﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮر‬:‫أﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﻴﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻓﻄﺮﻳﻘﺎن‬
‫ ﺑﺨﻼف‬،‫ ﻷن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ إﻻ ﺑﺤﻀﺮﺗﻪ وﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻣﺸﻘﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ‬،‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺤﻀﺮﻩ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬
.‫اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ‬
ÒAek¨ gvBwqZ hw` kn‡ii evB‡i _v‡K Zvn‡j `yÕwU c×wZ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e gvhnv‡ei
eY©bv †hUv‡K ¯^qs gymvwbœd ivn. Ges Rgûi dyKvnv‡q †Kivg (msL¨vMwiô
wdKvnwe`MY) mg_©b K‡i‡Qb, Zv n‡jv gvBwqZ‡K gymwjøi mvg‡b Dcw¯’Z Kiv Qvov
Abycw¯’Z e¨w³i Rvbvhv Rv‡qh †bB|Ó187
†gvUK_v, nvbvdx I gv‡jKx gvhnv‡e Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv bvRv‡qh| c¶všÍ‡i kv‡dÔqx
gvhnv‡e wfbœ kn‡i Aew¯’Z gvBwq‡Zi †¶‡Î Rv‡qh _vK‡jI wbR kn‡i Dcw¯’Z

185 Avj gyMbx: 2/386, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

186 Avj wdKûj Bmjvgx Iqv Avw`jøvZzû: 1/504, gvKZvevZzj n°vwbq¨vn, cvwK¯Ívb
187 Avj gvRgy kiûj gynvh&hve: 5/253, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
116 `imyj wdK&n
gvBwq‡Zi †¶‡Î bvRv‡qh| nv¤^jx gvhnv‡e wfbœ kn‡i Aew¯’Z gvBwq‡Zi †¶‡Î
Rv‡qh I bvRv‡qh Dfq Dw³ cvIqv hvq| Avjøvgv Beby Avew`j evi ivn.188 bvRv‡qh
nIqvi Dw³‡K Rgûi dyKvnv Z_v msL¨vMwiô Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi gZvgZ e‡j AwfwnZ
K‡i‡Qb| †hgbwU D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb eyLvix kix‡di e¨vL¨vKvi kvBLyj nv`xm gvIjvbv
hvKvwiqv ivn.189 -
.‫ وﻧﺴﺒﻪ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺒﺮ إﻟﻰ أﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﺸﺮع‬:‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻴﺔ‬
Ònvbvdx I gv‡jKx IjvgvMY e‡jb, Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv kixÔAvZ m¤§Z bq| Beby
Avwãj evi ivn. G Dw³‡K AwaKvsk Ijvgv‡`i gZ wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|Ó190
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Rv‡qh cÖe³v‡`i `jxj I Zvi LÛb
nhiZ Avey ûivBiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
. ‫ﻧﻌﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
إﻟﻰ أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺷﻲ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻘﺪم ﻓﺼﻔﻮا ﺧﻠﻔﻪ ﻓﻜﺒﺮ أرﺑﻌﺎ‬
Ògnvbex mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡K ev`kvn bvRvkxi g„Zz¨msev` w`‡jb| AZtci
Rvbvhvi Rb¨ AMÖmi n‡jb| mvnvev‡q †Kivg Zuvi †cQ‡b KvZvie›`x n‡q `uvov‡j
bexRx PviwU ZvKexi e‡j bvgvh cov‡jb|Ó191
GKB eY©bv mnxn Be‡b wneŸv‡b192 nhiZ Bgivb Be‡b nvQxb ivwh. m~‡Î ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|
nv`xmwUi we‡kølY
cÖ_gZ: Av‡jvwPZ nv`xmwU G e¨vcv‡i `jxj n‡Z cv‡i bv; KviY mnxn eyLvixmn
KzZz‡e wmËvq193 D³ nv`x‡mi hZ eY©bv G‡m‡Q me msw¶ß| Rvbvhvi mgq bvRvkxi
jvk †Kv_vq wQ‡jv? G wel‡q cwi®‹vi †Kv‡bv bm †bB| Z‡e Acivci nv`xm MÖšm ’ g~n
AbymÜv‡b bvRvkxi Rvbvhvi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY m¤^Üxq wbf©i‡hvM¨ K‡qKwU eY©bv cvIqv
hvq| G¸wji cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q †h, ev`kvn bvRvkxi jvk gyÔ‡Rhv ¯^iƒc mvg‡b
Dcw¯’Z K‡i †`qv n‡qwQ‡jv| d‡j Zv Avi Mv‡qevbvB _v‡K bv| †hgbwU mnxn Be‡b
wneŸv‡b AvIhvqx ivn. m~‡Î nhiZ Bgivb Be‡b nvQxb ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-

188 nv‡dh RvgvjyÏxb Avey Igi BDmyd Be‡b Avãyjøvn Be‡b gynv¤§v` Beby Avwãj evi Avj KziZzex Avj gv‡jKx ivn.|
wZwb 368 wnRixi 5B iweDj AvIqvj ïµev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 463 wnRixi iweDm mvbxi ïµevi iv‡Z
kvwZev A‡j B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb wdK‡n gv‡jKxi A‡bK †L`gZ K‡i‡Qb| BmwZhKvi, Zvgnx`, RvwgD eqvwbj
Bjwg Iqv dvhwjwn, Av`veyj Bjg BZ¨vw` A‡bK RMZ weL¨vZ wKZve Zuvi nv‡ZB iwPZ| -nvw`qvZzj Avwidxb:
2/550
189 kvBLyj nv`xm hvKvwiqv Be‡b Bqvnqv ivn.| fvi‡Zi gyRvd&dibMi †Rjvi AšÍM©Z Kv›`vjvq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Ljxj

Avng` mvwnivbcyix, BqvnBqv KvÜjfx I ikx` Avng` Mv½ynx ivn. Zuvi wewkó D¯Ívh| wZwb bvbv wel‡q eû MÖš’
iPbv K‡i‡Qb| AvIRvhyj gvmvwjK, LvmvB‡j beex I dvhv‡q‡j AvÔgvj Zuvi †kÖó iPbvejxi Ab¨Zg| wZwb 1403
wnRixi kvevb gv‡m g`xbv gybvIqvivq B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -KviIqv‡b idZv: 104
190 jvwgD` `vivix: 4/432
191 mnxn eyLvix: 1/167
192 mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb: 872, nv`xm bs 3102, `viæj gvÔAvwidvn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
193 mnxn eyLvix, mnxn gymwjg, mybv‡b bvmvqx, mybv‡b Avey `vD`, Rv‡g wZiwghx, mybv‡b Be‡b gvRvn
 Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi kiÔqx weavb 117
‫وﻫﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻨﻮن إﻻ أن اﻟﺠﻨﺎزة ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‬
Òmvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi cÖej wek¦vm GUvB wQj †h, Rvbvhv ûRyi Gi mvg‡b
194
Dcw¯’Z|Ó
GQvov D³ eY©bvwU Avevb ivn. m~‡Î nhiZ Bgivb Be‡b nvQxb †_‡K Gfv‡e G‡m‡Q-
.‫ﻧﺤﻦ ﻻ ﻧﺮى إﻻ أن اﻟﺠﻨﺎزة ﻗ ّﺪاﻣﻨﺎ‬
ÒAvgiv hLb bexRx Gi wcQ‡b Rvbvhv c‡owQ, ZLb bvRvkxi jvk‡K Avgv‡`i
mvg‡b Dcw¯’Z †`L‡Z †c‡qwQ|Ó195
myZivs D³ Rvbvhv †h‡nZz Mv‡qevbvB wQj bv, ZvB bvRvkxi nv`xmwU Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv
ˆeaZvi e¨vcv‡i `jxj n‡Z cv‡i bv|
wØZxqZ: mvgwq‡Ki Rb¨ hw` †g‡bI †bqv nq, bvRvkxi Rvbvhv Mv‡qevbv wQj, ZeyI
Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Zv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| KviY Zv GKgvÎ ivm~jyjøvn Gi R‡b¨ Lvm ev
we‡klZ¡ wQ‡jv| hvi Ab¨Zg `ywU KviY n‡jv-bexRxi D³ Kg©cš’v AbymiY K‡i Zvi
RxeÏkvq ev cieZx©‡Z †Kv‡bv mvnvexi Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv c‡obwb Ges ivm~jyjøvn
I Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mvnvexi Mv‡qevbv bvgvh cov‡bv MÖnY‡hvM¨ m~‡Î ewY©Z nqwb Gi ¯^c‡¶
Bebyj ûgvg ivn. Gi e³e¨ D‡jøL K‡iwQ| GQvov gv‡jKx gvhnv‡ei Bgvg gynv¤§v`
Bjøxk ivn. D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﺪم ﺻﻼة أﻣﺘﻪ‬،
‫ﺻﻼﺗﻪ
ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺷﻲ ﻳﻮم ﻣﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﺄرض اﻟﺤﺒﺸﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺗﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻛﺼﻼة‬،‫ وأﻳﻀﺎ اﻷرض رﻓﻌﺘﻪ ﻟﻪ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ دﻓﻨﻪ‬،‫ وﻓﻴﻬﺎ أﻋﻈﻢ اﻟﺮﻏﺒﺔ‬،
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
.‫ وﻻ ﺧﻼف ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮازﻫﺎ‬،‫إﻣﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻴﺖ رآﻩ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺮﻩ اﻟﻤﺄﻣﻮﻣﻮن‬
Òg`xbvq bvRvkxi Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv covi welqwU ivm~jyjøvn Gi ˆewkó¨ wQ‡jv|
†Kbbv, D¤§Z ivm~‡ji Rvbvhv Av`vq Kivi cÖwZ AwaK AvMÖnx nIqv m‡Ë¡I Zuvi
Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Av`vq K‡iwb| Dciš‘ bvRvkxi jvk‡K A‡jŠwKKfv‡e ivm~‡ji
mvg‡b Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| d‡j ivm~jyjøvn bvRvkxi jvk mvg‡b †`‡LB Zvi Rvbvhv
c‡o‡Qb| †hgb, gvBwqZ Bgv‡gi mvg‡b _vKv Ae¯’vq Bgvg gvBwqZ‡K †`L‡Z cvq
wKš‘ A‡bK gy³v`x †`L‡Z cvq bv Avi G †¶‡Î bvgvh mnxn nIqvi e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv
gZv‰bK¨ †bB|Ó196
Z…ZxqZ: mnxn eyLvixi D³ nv`x‡mi wk‡ivbvg (‫‡_† )اﻟﺼﻔﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﺎزة‬KI Mv‡qevbv
Rvbvhv bvRv‡q‡hi cÖwZ Bgvg eyLvix ivn.197 Gi mg_©b †evSv hvq| kvqLyj nv`xm
194 mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb: 872, `viæj gvÔAvwidvn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
195 dvZûj evix: 3/243, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
196 gvbûj Rvjxj: 1/316-317, `viæ mv‡`i, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
197 Avey Avãyjøvn gynv¤§v` Be‡b BmgvCj Be‡b Beivnxg Be‡b gyMxiv Avj RyÔdx Avj eyLvix ivn.| 194 wnRix‡Z

Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 256 wnRix m‡b B‡šÍKvj K‡i| Zuvi RMZ weL¨vZ iPbv Avj Rv‡gDm mnxn QvovI nv`xm I
118 `imyj wdK&n
gvIjvbv hvKvwiqv ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺎﻷوﺟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﺒﺪ اﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ أن اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺒﺨﺎري رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻗﻮل اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬
‫ وﻟﺬا ﻟﻢ‬،‫ وأﺷﺎر ﺑﺒﺎب »اﻟﺼﻔﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﺎزة« إﻟﻰ ﻗﻮﻟﻬﻢ اﻟﻤﺸﻬﻮر أن اﻟﺠﻨﺎزة ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪة‬،‫واﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ وﻗﺪ ﺗﻘﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻷﺻﻞ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ واﻟﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﻳﺒﻮب ﺑﺒﺎب »اﻟﺼﻔﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ« ﻣﻊ وﺟﻮد اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬
.‫ أن اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺒﺨﺎري رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻟﻌﺪم رؤﻳﺘﻪ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬،‫أﺻﻮل اﻟﺘﺮاﺟﻢ‬
ÒAvgvi wbKU mwVK GUvB g‡b nq †h, Bgvg eyLvix ivn. G gvmAvjvq nvbvdx I
gv‡jKx gvhnv‡ei gZ‡K mg_©b K‡i‡Qb Ges ‫ اﻟﺼﻔﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﺎزة‬Z_v ÔRvbvhv‡q
KvZvie›`x nIqvÕ wk‡ivbvg ¯’vcb K‡i Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb †h, bvRvkxi Rvbvhv `„k¨gvb
wQ‡jv; Mv‡qe wQ‡jv bv| Avi GUvB D³ gvhnve؇qi cÖwm× e¨vL¨v| (hv Av‡jvP¨
welq‡K mg_©b K‡i) ZvB †Zv nv`xm _vKv m‡Ë¡I wZwb ‫ اﻟﺼﻔﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ‬ÔAbycw¯’Z
e¨w³i RvbvhvÕ wk‡ivbv‡g Aa¨vq ˆZix K‡ibwb| Zv Qvov mnxn eyLvix‡Z wk‡ivbvg
ˆZwii bxwZgvjvi 65 b¤^‡i D‡jøL i‡q‡Q, †Kv‡bv gvmAvjv Bgvg eyLvix ivn. Gi
g‡Zi cwicš’x n‡j wZwb Zv wk‡ivbvg wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡ib bv|Ó198
D³ e¨vL¨v †_‡K eySv †M‡jv, ¯^qs Bgvg eyLvix ivn. G nv`xm‡K Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi
ˆeaZvi †¶‡Î `jxj g‡b Ki‡Zb bv|
GKwU mskq I Zvi wbimb
GLv‡b GKwU mskq m„wó n‡Z cv‡i †h, hw` Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv Rv‡qhB bv n‡Zv, Zvn‡j
nvivg kix‡d wKfv‡e wek¦e‡iY¨ BgvgMY‡K Zv co‡Z †`Lv hvq?
wbimb: c~‡e©B Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q †h, Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv †h‡nZz kv‡dÔqx I nv¤^jx
gvhnv‡e Rv‡qh Av‡Q| Avi †mLvbKvi Bgvgmn ¯’vbxq gymwjøMY Ges cÖkvmbI D³
gvhnve؇qi †Kv‡bv GKwUi Abymvix| ZvB Zviv wb‡R‡`i gvhnve Abymv‡i Mv‡qevbv
Rvbvhv c‡o _v‡Kb| GRb¨ nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Abymvix‡`i Rb¨ Zv Rv‡qh n‡q hv‡e
bv| Avi BwZc~‡e© cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q †h, Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv bv covB wQj ivm~jyjøvn
Gi mve©¶wYK Kg©cš’v|
ivR‰bwZK m~‡Î Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi ûKzg
eZ©gv‡b nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Abymvix n‡qI A‡bK‡K Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhv co‡Z †`Lv hvq|
ïay ZvB bq eis ivR‰bwZK ¯^v_© AR©‡bi Rb¨ AvbyôvwbKfv‡e wewfbœ †bZv-‡bÎxi
Mv‡qevbv RvbvhvI cov nq| kixÔAv‡Z Zv KLbB Rv‡qh n‡e bv eis Bev`Z‡K
ivRbxwZ evbv‡bv ev Bev`Z †_‡K ivR‰bwZK ¯^v_© D×vi Kivi e¨_© cÖ‡PóvB n‡e gvÎ|

BwZnvm kv‡¯¿ A‡bK MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Avj Av`veyj gydiv`, AvZ ZvixLyj Kvexi, AvZ ZvixLym mMxi, AvmgvDm
mvnvev BZ¨vw` Zuvi iPbvejxi Ab¨Zg| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 2/16
198 nvkxqv jvwgD` `vivix kiûj eyLvix: 2/122, gvKZvevZzj Avkivwdqv w`jøx
 Mv‡qevbv Rvbvhvi kiÔqx weavb 119
hvi d‡j mIqv‡ei cwie‡Z© ¸bvn I Avhv‡ei cÖej Avk¼v i‡q‡Q|199
Avjøvn cvK Avgv‡`i mevB‡K welqwU mwVKfv‡e ey‡S Avgj Kivi ZvIdxK `vb
Kiæb| Avgxb\

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
03 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
01 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

199 RvIqvwniæj dvZvIqv: 1/412, Bmjvgx KzZzeLvbv, cvwK¯Ívb

120

C`Mv‡ni AvnKvg
gvIjvbv gvngy`yj nvmvb k¨vgbMix
Bmjv‡g Avb›` D`&hvc‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl wKQz w`b i‡q‡Q| Zb¥‡a¨ `yB C‡`i w`b| Z‡e
Zv D`&hvcb Ki‡Z n‡e ivm~jyjøvn Gi Av`k© AbyKiY K‡i, jvMvgnxbfv‡e bq|
ivm~jyjøvn C` cvjb Ki‡Zb Ges C`Mv‡n †h‡Zb| ZvB gmwR‡`i gZ C`MvB
n‡q I‡V Bev`ZMvn| ZvB gmwR‡`i mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L C`Mv‡ni i‡q‡Q wbR¯^ wKQz
wewaweavb| G wel‡q wb‡gœ wKQz Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
C`Mv‡ni ¸iæZ¡
Bmjv‡gi ïiæ hy‡M C`Mv‡n Dcw¯’Z nIqvi e¨vcv‡i mevi cÖwZ wb‡`©k wQ‡jv| GgbwK
†h mKj gwnjv nv‡qh, †bdvmMÖ¯Ív Zv‡`i‡KI GK ch©v‡q C`Mv‡n Dcw¯’Z nIqvi
Av‡`k †`qv n‡qwQ‡jv| G e¨vcv‡i nhiZ D‡¤§ AvwZqv ivwh.200 †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb
e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ اﻟﺤﻴﺾ‬،‫أﻣﺮﻧﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
أن ﻧﺨﺮﺟﻬﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ واﻷﺿﺤﻰ اﻟﻌﻮاﺗﻖ واﻟﺤﻴﺾ وذوات اﻟﺨﺪور‬
:‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إﺣﺪاﻧﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻬﺎ ﺟﻠﺒﺎب ﻗﺎل‬:‫ ﻗﻠﺖ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻌﺘﺰﻟﻦ اﻟﺼﻼة وﻳﺸﻬﺪن اﻟﺨﻴﺮ ودﻋﻮة اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﻟﺘﻠﺒﺴﻬﺎ أﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺒﺎﺑﻬﺎ‬
ÒAvgv‡`i‡K ivm~jyjøvn C`yj wdZi I C`yj Avhnv‡Z †ei n‡Z Av‡`k w`‡q‡Qb|
†mLv‡b hyewZ, nv‡qhMÖ¯Ív I c`©vbkxb gwnjviv †ei n‡Zv| nv‡qhMÖ¯Ív gwnjviv bvgvh
†_‡K `~‡i _vKZ| Z‡e Zviv fvj Kv‡R Z_v wRwKi I bmxn‡Zi gRwj‡m I
gymjgvb‡`i `yÔAvq Dcw¯’Z n‡Zv| Avwg ejjvg, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! Avgv‡`i Kv‡iv
Kv‡iv †eviKv †bB| Dˇi wZwb e‡jb, Zvi †evb †hb Zv‡K †eviKv cwi‡q wb‡q
Av‡m|Ó201
nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vKviMY wj‡Lb †h, ZLb gymjgvb‡`i GKZv I msL¨vMwiôZv cÖ`k©b
Kiv Acwinvh© welq wQ‡jv| ZvB mKj‡KB Dcw¯’Z nIqvi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z
Avb›` nq Ges Bmjv‡gi kvb-kIKZI cÖKvk cvq| wKš‘ cieZ©x hy‡M †dZbv-dvmv`
A¯^vfvweKfv‡e †e‡o hvIqvq BgvgMY gwnjv‡`i C`Mv‡n Dcw¯’Z n‡Z eviY
K‡i‡Qb| C`Mv‡n hvIqvi gva¨‡g kvb-kIKZ cÖKvk cvq- G m¤ú‡K© kvn Iqvjx
Djøvn †`njfx ivn.202 e‡jb-

200 nhiZ D‡¤§ AvwZqv bymvBev Be‡b KvÔe web‡Z nv‡im Avj Avbmvix ivwh.| ivm~j mv. Gi wbKU evBAvZ MÖnY
K‡iwQ‡jb| ivm~j mv. Gi mv‡_ A‡bK hy‡× Ask K‡i AvnZ‡`i ïkÖƒlv Ki‡Zb| -Avj BKgvj: 612
201 mnxn gymwjg: 1/291, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
202 kvn IqvwjDjøvn †`njex: kvn IqvwjDjøvn Be‡b Avãyi inxg Avj dviæKx †`njex ivn.| wZwb 1114 wnRixi 14B

kvIqvj eyaevi fvi‡Zi gyRvd&dibM‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Avey Zv‡ni Kzi`x Avj gv`vbx, Id`jøvn gv‡jKx I ZvRyÏxb
 C`Mv‡ni AvnKvg 121
‫ وﻟﺬﻟﻚ اﺳﺘﺤﺐ ﺧﺮوج‬،‫إن ﻛﻞ ﻣﻠﺔ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﻳﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﻮﻛﺘﻬﻢ و ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﺜﺮﺗﻬﻢ‬
.‫اﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K RvwZi cÖk¯Í gq`vb ev gvV _vKv Avek¨K| †mLv‡b Zviv GKwÎZ n‡e| hv‡Z
Zv‡`i kvb-kIKZ cÖKvk cvq Ges Zv‡`i AvwaK¨ †evSv hvq| G Kvi‡Y mK‡ji
†mLv‡b hvIqv gy¯Ívnve|Ó203
G w`‡K j¶¨ †i‡LB ivm~jyjøvn g`xbvi †fZ‡i C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Zb bv|
eis g`xbvi A`~‡i wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b C‡`i bvgvh Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Mgb Ki‡Zb| mvnvev‡q
†KivgI †mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z n‡Zb| nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh.204 eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﺨﺮج ﻳﻮم اﻟﻔﻄﺮ واﻷﺿﺤﻰ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻰ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn C`yj wdZi I C`yj Avhnvi w`b C`Mv‡n †h‡Zb|Ó205
ivm~j Gi Idv‡Zi ci cÖ_g, wØZxq I Z…Zxq LjxdvI C‡`i bvgv‡hi Rb¨
ÔRveŸvbvqÕ Mgb Ki‡Zb| g`xbvi †fZ‡i C‡`i bvgvh co‡Zb bv|
PZz_© Ljxdv nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Ae¯’v, cwiw¯’wZ Abymv‡i mej‡`i wb‡q wb‡R RveŸvbvq
P‡j †h‡Zb| Avi `ye©j‡`i g`xbvq bvgvh Av`vq Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡Zb| Bgvg Avey
eKi Rvm&mvm ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻳﺨﺮج ﻫﻮ ﻓﻴﺼﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ‬،‫أن ﻋﻠﻴﺎ  ﻛﺎن ﻳﺨﻠّﻒ رﺟﻼ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻀﻌﻔﺔ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
.‫اﻟﺠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬
ÒnhiZ Avjx ivwh. C‡`i w`b g`xbvq `ye©j‡`i C‡`i bvgvh cov‡bvi Rb¨ GKRb‡K
Zuvi cÖwZwbwa wbhy³ Ki‡Zb| Avi wb‡R g`xbvi evB‡i RveŸvbvq †jvK‡`i‡K wb‡q
bvgvh co‡Zb|Ó206
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Gi Avgj †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, C‡`i bvgvh me©ve¯’vq kn‡ii evB‡i
Av`vq Kiv †Kv‡bv AcwieZ©bkxj weavb bq| eis Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡b kn‡ii gv‡SI
C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq Kivi my‡hvM Av‡Q| Z‡e Ljxdvi Rb¨ ev mvaviY Ae¯’vq C‡`i
bvgvh kn‡ii evB‡i GK‡Î Av`vq KivB DËg| KviY G‡Z ivm~jyjøvn Gi
Av`‡k©i AbyKi‡Yi mv‡_ mv‡_ Bmjv‡gi GKZv I kvb-kIKZ cÖKvk cvq|
C`Mvn bvgv‡hi ¯’vb nIqvq wKQz w`K †_‡K gmwR‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ iv‡L| ZvB wKQz
weav‡bi †¶‡Î ¯’vbØq GK| wb‡gœ Ggb wKQz weavb Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|

nvbvdx ivn. Zuvi wewkó D¯Ívh| 1176 wnRixi 29‡k gynviig B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Avj dvIhyj Kvexi, gymvd&dv ki‡n
gyAvËv, û¾vZzjøvwnj ev‡jMv I BhvjvZzj Lvdv Zuvi Agi KxwZ©| -ingvZzjøvwnj Iqvwmqv: 1/35
203 û¾vZzjøvwnj ev‡jMvn: 2/31, `viæj gvÔwidv
204 Avey mvC` Ly`ix: mvÔ` Be‡b gv‡jK Avj Avbmvix Avj Ly`ix ivwh.| 74 wnRix‡Z 84 eQi eq‡m g`xbvq

B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| gvKeviv evKx‡Z Zuv‡K `vdb Kiv nq| -Avj BKgvj: 598
205 mnxn eyLvix: 1/131, nv`xm bs 946,
206 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 2/134, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
122 `imyj wdK&n
1. C`Mvn bvgv‡hi Rb¨ w¯’i nIqvq cy‡iv C`Mv‡ni RvqMvwU Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b BK‡Z`v
Kivi †¶‡Î GK ¯’vb aiv n‡e|
2. BK‡Z`vi welq Qvov Ab¨vb¨ w`K †_‡K C`Mv‡ni wewaweavb gmwR‡`i Avw½bvi
b¨vq| ZvB gmwR‡`i Avw½bvq hv ˆea, C`Mv‡nI Zv ˆea n‡e| Ges ILv‡b hv wb‡la
GLv‡bI Zv wb‡la| Z‡e C`Mvn‡K Miæ-QvMj wePi‡Yi gvV ev †Ljvayjvi gv‡V cwiYZ
Kiv m¤ú~Y© wb‡la| †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB C`Mvn‡K Aeg~j¨vqb Kivi my‡hvM †bB| eis
mKj‡KB Gi h_vh_ m¤§vb I gh©v`v i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx
ivn.207 e‡jb-
‫)و( أﻣﺎ )اﻟﻤﺘﺨﺬ ﻟﺼﻼة ﺟﻨﺎزة أو ﻋﻴﺪ( ﻓﻬﻮ )ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ ﺟﻮاز اﻻﻗﺘﺪاء( وإن اﻧﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺼﻔﻮف رﻓﻘﺎ‬
‫ )ﻓﺤﻞ دﺧﻮﻟﻪ ﻟﺠﻨﺐ وﺣﺎﺋﺾ( ﻛﻔﻨﺎء ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ورﺑﺎط وﻣﺪرﺳﺔ‬.‫ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎس )ﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ( ﺑﻪ ﻳﻔﺘﻰ‬
.‫وﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ ﺣﻴﺎض وأﺳﻮاق‬
ÒRvbvhv ev C‡`i bvgvh Av`v‡qi Rb¨ †h RvqMv wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv bvgv‡hi
BK‡Z`v mnxn nIqvi †¶‡Î gmwR` wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| hw`I KvZvi¸‡jvi gv‡S `~iZ¡
m„wó nq (†jvKmgvMg †ewk nIqvq mnR KiYv‡_© KvZv‡ii gv‡S `~iZ¡ _vKv m‡Ë¡I
BK‡Z`v‡K mnxn ejv n‡q‡Q)| Z‡e BK‡Z`v e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Î gmwR` wn‡m‡e
MY¨ n‡e bv| Avi dvZIqv Gi DciB| AZGe AcweÎ I nv‡qhMª¯Ív gwnjvi Rb¨
†mLv‡b cÖ‡ek Kiv ˆea n‡e| †hgb, gmwR‡`i Avw½bv, PZ¡i, gv`ivmv ev evRvi
BZ¨vw`i bvgv‡hi RvqMv|Ó208
3. C`Mv‡ni Rb¨ IqvK&dK…Z Rwg C`Mv‡ni Kv‡RB e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨ Lv‡Z
(kixÔAv‡Zi m¤§wZ Qvov) e¨q Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb
nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﺷﺮط اﻟﻮاﻗﻒ ﻛﻨﺺ اﻟﺸﺎرع‬
ÒIqvKdKvixi kZ© kixÔAvZ cÖeZ©‡Ki fv‡l¨i b¨vq|Ó209
A_©vr IqvK&dKvixi e³e¨ kv‡iÔ‡qi e³‡e¨i gZB Acwinvh© MY¨ Kiv n‡e| ZvB
IqvK&dKvix †h Lv‡Z e¨q Kivi Rb¨ IqvK&d K‡i‡Q Zv AUzU ivL‡Z n‡e|
gmwR‡` C‡`i bvgvh
¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq mybœvn n‡jv, kn‡ii evB‡i †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq
Kiv| wKš‘ IRiekZ gmwR‡`I C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq Kiv hvq| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv
ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
207 gynv¤§v` Be‡b Avjx Be‡b gynv¤§v` Be‡b Avãyi ivh&hvK Av` w`gvkKx ivn.| wZwb nvmKvdx bv‡g cÖwm×| wZwb 1021
wnRix‡Z `v‡g‡¯‹ Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 1088 wnRix‡Z †mLv‡bB B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| LvhvBbyj Avmivi I Bdv`vZzj
AvbIqvi Zuvi †kÖô iPbv| -nvw`q¨vZzj Av‡idxb: 2/295
208 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/430, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
209 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 6/649, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 C`Mv‡ni AvnKvg 123
210.‫اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ أﺻﺎﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮم ﻋﻴﺪ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺑﻬﻢ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺻﻼة اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻓﻲ‬
ÒGKevi C‡`i w`b e„wó nq| ZLb ivm~jyjøvn gmwR‡` C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq
K‡ib|Ó 211

Ab¨Î Dmgvb Be‡b Avãyi ingvb AvZ ZvBgx †_‡K ewY©Z-

‫ ﻓﻠﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬،‫ﻗﺎل ﻣﻄﺮﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ إﻣﺎرة أﺑﺎن ﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﻄﺮا ﺷﺪﻳﺪا ﻟﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﺄﺧﺒﺮ‬،‫ ﻗﻢ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻌﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ ﺑﻦ رﺑﻴﻌﺔ‬،‫ﻳﺨﺮج إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻰ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺼﻠﻰ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ واﻷﺿﺤﻰ‬
‫ إن اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﻄﺮوا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺎب  ﻓﺎﻣﺘﻨﻊ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ‬،‫اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﺎ أﺧﺒﺮﺗﻨﻲ‬
!‫ ﻳﺎ أﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺒﺮ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺑﻬﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻤﺮ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬،‫اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻰ‬
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ أرﻓﻖ ﺑﻬﻢ وأوﺳﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ وإن اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬،‫إن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﺨﺮج ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎس إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻰ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﻢ‬
212
.‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎن ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻄﺮ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ أرﻓﻖ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺴﻌﻬﻢ‬
ÒwZwb e‡jb, Avevb Be‡b Dmgv‡bi kvmbKv‡j g`xbvq GKevi C`yj wdZ‡ii iv‡Z
cÖPzi e„wó nq| d‡j †jvKRb‡K gmwR‡` GKwÎZ K‡ib wZwb C`Mv‡n bvgvh Av`vq
Kivi Rb¨ †ei n‡Z cv‡ibwb| ZLb Avãyjøvn Be‡b Av‡gi Be‡b iexÔAv‡K ej‡jb,
Zzwg Avgv‡K †h msev` w`‡qQ Dcw¯’Z mKj‡K Zv ïbvI| ZLb Avãyjøvn Be‡b Av‡gi
ej‡jb, Igi Bebyj LvËve ivwh. Gi hy‡M cÖPzi e„wó n‡qwQ‡jv| d‡j †jvKRb C`Mv‡n
†h‡Z cv‡iwb| ZLb Igi ivwh. †jvKRb‡K gmwR‡` GKwÎZ K‡i bvgvh covb|
Gici wg¤^‡i `uvwo‡q LyZevq e‡jb, †n †jvKmKj! wbðq ivm~jyjøvn †jvK‡`i‡K
wb‡q C`Mv‡n wM‡qB bvgvh co‡Zb| †Kbbv Zv‡`i Rb¨ ZvB wQ‡jv Dchy³ I
mnRZi| Avi ZLb gmwR‡` Zv‡`i msKzjvb n‡Zv bv| wKš‘ GLb †h‡nZz e„wó, ZvB
gmwR`B †ewk Dchy³|Ó213
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ أن ﻳﺨﺮج اﻹﻣﺎم إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬
Òmybœvn n‡jv Bgvg ÔRveŸvbvqÕ †ei nIqv|Ó214
myZivs DwjøwLZ nv`xmØq I wdK&‡ni fvl¨ Øviv eySv hvq †h, †Kv‡bv ai‡bi cÖwZK~j
Ae¯’v ev `y‡hv©‡Mi m¤§yLxb bv n‡j C`Mv‡n bvgvh cov DËg| Ggwbfv‡e kn‡ii
evB‡i bv wM‡q kn‡ii †fZ‡i C‡`i bvgvh Av`vq KiviI my‡hvM Av‡Q| GK RvqMvq

:‫ وأﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﺘﺪرﻛﻪ« ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة ﺑﺎب أﺻﺎﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﻄﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮم ﻋﻴﺪ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﺑﻬﻢ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
وﻗﺎل‬،‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ« وﺳﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ‬210
.‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺮﺟﺎﻩ‬، ‫ﻫﺬا ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻹﺳﻨﺎد‬
211 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/164, nv`xm bs 980, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

.‫( ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬٦۳٥۰) «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺴﻨﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬212

213 mybv‡b evBnvKx: nv`xm bs 6350, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
214 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/69, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
124 `imyj wdK&n
msKzjvb bv n‡j `yB RvqMvq bvgvh Av`vq Kivi my‡hvM Av‡Q| dvZvIqv‡q
AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
.‫وﺗﺠﻮز إﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺻﻼة اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ‬
Ò`yB RvqMvq C‡`i bvgvh cov Rv‡qh|Ó215
ev”Pv‡`i C`Mv‡n hvIqv
Bmjv‡gi ïiæ hy‡M eoiv †hfv‡e C`Mv‡n Dcw¯’Z n‡q bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Zv, ev”PvivI
Zv‡`i b¨vq C`Mv‡n †h‡Zv| Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Av‡em ivn.216 eY©bv K‡ib-
،‫ وﻟﻮﻻ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻐﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺷﻬﺪﺗﻪ‬،‫ ﻧﻌﻢ‬:‫ أﺷﻬﺪت اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
؟ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗﺎل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﻮﻋﻈﻬﻦ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﺧﻄﺐ ﺛﻢ أﺗﻰ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء وﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻼل‬،‫اﻟﻌﻠَﻢ اﻟﺬي ﻋﻨﺪ دار ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺼﻠﺖ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ‬ َ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ أﺗﻰ‬
.‫ ﺛﻢ اﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﻫﻮ وﺑﻼل إﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ‬،‫ ﻳﻘﺬﻓﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻮب ﺑﻼل‬،‫ ﻓﺮأﻳﺘﻬﻦ ﻳﻬﻮﻳﻦ ﺑﺄﻳﺪﻳﻬﻦ‬،‫ وأﻣﺮﻫﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬،‫وذﻛﺮﻫﻦ‬
ÒAvwg Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ï‡bwQ Zv‡K ejv n‡jv, Avcwb wK ivm~jyjøvn
Gi mv‡_ C‡`i bvgv‡h Dcw¯’Z n‡Zb? wZwb ej‡jb, nu¨v| ivm~jyjøvn Gi mv‡_
hw` Avgvi Ggb m¤úK© bv _vK‡Zv, Zvn‡j Avwg †QvU nIqvq Zvui mv‡_ Dcw¯’Z n‡Z
cviZvg bv| Ae‡k‡l KvQxi Bebym mvj&‡Zi evwoi Kv‡Qi wbw`©ó RvqMvq G‡m bvgvh
c‡o LyZev cvV K‡ib| Gici gwnjv‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m bwmnZ I Dc‡`k †`b Ges
Zv‡`i‡K m`Kvi e¨vcv‡i Av‡`k K‡ib| ZLb gwnjviv wbR nv‡Z †ejv‡ji Kvc‡o
m`Kv cÖ`v‡b e¨¯Í n‡q c‡o| Gici wZwb Ges †ejvj evwo‡Z wd‡i hvb|Ó217
DwjøwLZ nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq nv‡dR Be‡b nvRvi AvmKvjvbx ivn.218 e‡jb-
،‫ﻷن ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﻴﺔ إﺧﺮاج اﻟﺼﺒﻴﺎن إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻰ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺮك وإﻇﻬﺎر ﺷﻌﺎر اﻹﺳﻼم ﺑﻜﺜﺮة ﻣﻦ ﻳﺤﻀﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬
...‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺷﺮع ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺾ‬
ÒkixÔAvZ wkï‡`i‡K C`Mv‡n †bqvi AbygwZ w`‡q‡Q C`Mv‡ni eiKZ MÖnY Ges †jvK
mgvMg †ewk NwU‡q Bmjv‡gi GB wkÔAvi‡K c~Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨| ZvB
nv‡qh-‡bdvhMÖ¯Ív bvix‡`iI Dcw¯’wZi AbygwZ wQ‡jv|Ó219
Dc‡iv³ nv`xm †_‡K Av‡iKwU welq †evSv hvq, C`Mv‡n wb`k©b ¯^iƒc wgbvi, wg¤^i

215 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/150, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

216 Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Av‡em Be‡b ivweÔAv Avb bvLvqx Avj K~dx ivn.| Avãyjøvn Be‡b Ave¶vm I Avãyi ingvb
Be‡b Avex jvBjv Zuvi wewkó D¯Ívh| ïÔev I mvIix ivn. Zuvi Qv·`i Ab¨Zg| 119 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -
ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe: 6/201
217 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 977, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
218 nv‡dh Aveyj dhj wknveyÏxb Avngv` Be‡b Avjx Be‡b gynv¤§v` Be‡b gynv¤§v` Avjx Be‡b nvRvi Avj AvmKvjvbx

ivn.| Be‡b nvRvi AvmKvjvbx bv‡g cÖwm×| 772 wnRix‡Z Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 852 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib|
nv`xm kv‡¯¿ A‡bK †L`gZ K‡i‡Qb Ges eû MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| dvZûj evix Zuvi RMZ weL¨vZ Agi iPbv| -
nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 1/128
219 dvZûj evix: 2/591, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 C`Mv‡ni AvnKvg 125
BZ¨vw` wbgv©Y Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| nv`x‡mi ‫( ﻋﻠﻢ‬Avjvg) k‡ãi e¨vL¨vq nv‡dR Be‡b
nvRvi AvmKvjvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺮاد ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫وﻇﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ أﻧﻬﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻮا ﻟﻤﺼﻼﻩ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻋﺮف ﺑﻪ‬
ÒGB nv`xm †_‡K G welqwU cwi®‹vifv‡e †evSv hv‡”Q †h, Zviv C`Mv‡n we‡kl †Kv‡bv
cÖZxK ¯’vcb KiZ, hv Øviv C`Mvn‡K †Pbv hvq| nv`x‡m Avjvg kã Øviv GUvB
D‡Ïk¨|Ó220
mvg‡b ÔmyZivÕ †`qv
C‡`i bvgvh †Lvjv gv‡V Av`vq n‡Zv, Avi †Lvjv gv‡V bvgvh Av`vq Kivi †¶‡Î mybœZ
n‡jv mvg‡b myZiv ¯’vcb Kiv| †hgb nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ واﻟﻌﻨﺰة ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ وﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺼﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻓﻴﺼﻠﻲ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻗﺎل ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﻐﺪو إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻰ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn mKvj mKvj C`Mv‡n †h‡Zb| Avi Zuvi mvg‡b myZiv ivLv n‡Zv,
Ges wZwb †mUvi eivei `uvwo‡q bvgvh co‡Zb|Ó221
myZivs DwjøwLZ nv`xm †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, cy‡iv C`Mv‡n Bgv‡gi mvg‡bi myZivB
mKj gymwjøi Rb¨ h‡_ó n‡e|
C‡`i bvgv‡hi c~e©vci bdj bvgvh
GKRb gymjgv‡bi mKj KvRB kixÔAvZ mgw_©Z n‡e| kixÔAvZ hLb bvgvh covi
K_v ej‡e, ZLb bvgvh co‡e| Avi hLb wb‡la Ki‡e, ZLb weiZ _vK‡e| ZvB
C‡`i w`b mKv‡j C‡`i bvgv‡hi c~‡e© C`Mvn I evwo‡Z Ges c‡i ïay C`Mv‡n bdj
bvgvh cov †_‡K weiZ _vKv DwPZ|
nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺧﺮج ﻳﻮم اﻟﻔﻄﺮ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ وﻻ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ وﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻼل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn C`yj wdZ‡ii w`b C‡`i `yB ivKvÔAvZ bvgvh Av`vq K‡ib| Gi
(C‡`i bvgv‡hi) Av‡M ev c‡i †Kv‡bv bvgvh c‡obwb| Avi ZLb Zuvi mv‡_ wQ‡jb
†ejvj222 ivwh. |Ó223
Ggwbfv‡e Avey gvmD` ivwh. e‡jb-
224.‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺼﻼة ﻗﺒﻞ ﺧﺮوج اﻹﻣﺎم ﻳﻮم اﻟﻌﻴﺪ‬

ÒC‡`i w`b Bgvg mv‡ne C`Mv‡n Dcw¯’Z nIqvi c~‡e© bdj bvgvh cov mybœvn m¤§Z
220 dvZûj evix: 2/591, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
221 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 973
222 †ejvj Be‡b ievn ivwh.| wZwb me©cÖ_g g°vq Bmjvg cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| 20 wnRix‡Z `v‡g‡¯‹ B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -

Avj BKgvj
223 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 989, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

.‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ« ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت‬:‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ« وﻗﺎل‬224
126 `imyj wdK&n
bq|Ó225

C`Mv‡n Kzievbxi weavb

C`Mvn †h‡nZz bvgv‡hi ¯’vb, ZvB C`Mv‡n Kzievbx bv K‡i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv RvqMvq Kiv
DwPZ Ges me©ve¯’vq C`Mvn cweÎ ivLvi †Póv Kiv KZ©e¨| ivm~jyjøvn C`Mv‡n
bvgvh Av`vq K‡i g`xbvq wd‡i Kzievbx Ki‡Zb| †hgb eviv Be‡b Av‡he ivwh.226
†_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ إن أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﺪأ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬا أن ﻧﺼﻠﻲ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺮﺟﻊ ﻓﻨﻨﺤﺮ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ‬:‫ﺧﻄﺒﻨﺎ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﻮم اﻟﻨﺤﺮ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
.‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻟﺤﻢ ﻋﺠﻠﻪ ﻷﻫﻠﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻲء‬،‫ وﻣﻦ ذﺑﺢ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﺼﻠﻲ‬،‫ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺪ أﺻﺎب ﺳﻨﺘﻨﺎ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn C`yj Avhnvi w`b Avgv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ LyZev †`b| ZLb wZwb e‡jb,
Avgv‡`i AvR‡Ki GB w`‡bi me©cÖ_g Bev`Z n‡jv bvgvh Av`vq Kiv| Gici Avgiv
evwo wd‡i Kzievbx Ki‡ev| Avi †h GB (Kzievbxi KvR) m¤úv`b Ki‡jv, †m Avgv‡`i
mybœvni mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv †cvlY Ki‡jv| Avi †h e¨w³ bvgv‡hi gZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Bev`Z
c~Y© Kivi Av‡M Kzievbx Ki‡jv, †m Zvi cwiev‡ii Rb¨ wKQz †MvkZ Zvovûov K‡i
†ck Ki‡jv| d‡j Zv Avi Bev`Z wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e bv|Ó227

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
08 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

225 gvRgvDh& hvIqv‡q`: nv`xm bs 3232, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

226 eviv Be‡b Av‡he Avey Av¤§vi Avj Avbmvix Avj nv‡imx ivwh.| wZwb Kzdvq gymAve Be‡b hyev‡q‡ii kvmbKv‡j
B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 587
227 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs- 968
 C`Mv‡ni AvnKvg 127

Aa¨vq: mdi
128

gymvwd‡ii bvgvh: wKQz gvmvBj

gvIjvbv knx`yj Bmjvg Uv½vBjx
gvbe Rxe‡b mdi AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GKwU welq| †Kbbv Øxb-`ywbqvi ZvwM‡` cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB
Kg-‡ewk mdi Ki‡Z nq| ¯^M„‡n emevm K‡i wPigyKxg n‡q wh‡›`Mx cvi K‡i †`qvi
`„óvšÍ weij| A‡b‡Ki Rb¨ mdi Kiv Acwinvh© n‡q `uvovq Ges md‡ii Kó-‡K¬k
eiY K‡i wb‡Z nq| ZvB kixÔAvZ gymvwd‡ii Kó-‡K¬k jvN‡ei wbwg‡Ë wKQz
AvnKv‡gi †¶‡Î Qvo w`‡q‡Q hv Avgv‡`i Rvbv Avek¨K| ZvB gymvwd‡ii bvgvh
msµvšÍ wKQz gvmAvjv wb‡gœ Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv|
gymvwdi †Kv‡Ì‡K Kmi Ki‡e
†Kv‡bv e¨w³ mdi ïiæ Kivi ¯’vb †_‡K 48 gvBj ev 78 wK‡jvwgUvi AwZµg Kivi
wbq‡Z †ei n‡j Zv‡K gymvwdi ejv n‡e| Z‡e bvgvh Kmi Kivi †¶‡Î hw` wbR
GjvKv †_‡KB g~j mdi ïiæ K‡i Zvn‡j wbR GjvKv AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e cÖ_‡g
wbR GjvKv †_‡K kn‡i ev Ab¨ †Kv_vI (hv md‡ii `~i‡Z¡ bq) †M‡j Ges ILvb
†_‡K g~j mdi ïiæ Ki‡j H kni ev GjvKvi mxgv AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb Bgvg
Avãyi iv¾vK ivn. Be‡b Igi ivwh. Gi Avgj Gfv‡e eY©bv K‡ib-
228.‫ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ وﻳﻘﺼﺮ إذا رﺟﻊ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ‬، ‫أﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﺼﺮ اﻟﺼﻼة ﺣﻴﻦ ﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻮت اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
ÒwZwb g`xbvi Avev`x †_‡K †ei nIqvi ci †_‡K wb‡q cybivq g`xbvi Avev`x‡Z
cÖ‡ek Kiv ch©šÍ bvgvh Kmi Ki‡Zb|Ó229
¯§iY‡hvM¨ †h, kni wKsev MÖv‡gi †h w`K w`‡q iIbv n‡e H w`‡Ki Avev`x Ni-evwo
AwZµg Kivi ciB Kmi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| hw`I Aci w`K †_‡K Zvi MÖv‡gi Avev`x
evwK _v‡K| †hgb Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺟﺎز‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻮ ﺟﺎوزﻫﺎ وﺗﺤﺎذﻳﻪ ﺑﻴﻮت ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ آﺧﺮ‬،‫ﺛﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﺠﺎوزة ﺑﻴﻮت اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻟﺬي ﺧﺮج ﻣﻨﻪ‬
.‫اﻟﻘﺼﺮ‬
ÒH w`‡Ki Avev`x AwZµg Kiv aZ©e¨ n‡e, †h w`K †_‡K †m †ei n‡q‡Q| myZivs
hw` †m GK w`K †_‡K Avev`x AwZµg K‡i Avi Aci w`‡K Avev`x evwK _v‡K,

‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ« ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ‬،‫ ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد رﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي‬٥۳۰/۲ «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ‬228
‫ وﻟﻌﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬: ‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺪي‬.‫ وﻫﻮ ﺻﺪوق‬...‫ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮي ﻋﻨﺪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬: ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﻷول ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬
‫ وإﻻ‬،‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻠﺤﻖ أﺧﺎﻩ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ وﻫﻮ ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ رواﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬،‫وأروى ﻣﻦ رأﻳﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ اﺑﻦ وﻫﺐ ووﻛﻴﻊ وﻏﻴﺮﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻘﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺻﺪوق ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ‬

229 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 2/530, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 gymvwd‡ii bvgvh: wKQz gvmvBj 129
Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ Kmi Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e|Ó230
wbR GjvKvi mxgv
KZUzKz c_ AwZµg Ki‡j wbR GjvKv AwZµg K‡i‡Q e‡j aiv n‡e G wel‡q ivm~j
I mvnvev ivwh. Gi Avgj D‡jøL Kivi ci dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi e³e¨ D‡jøL
Ki‡ev, Bb&kvAvjøvn| nhiZ Avbvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ وﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺑﺬي اﻟﺤﻠﻴﻔﺔ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬،‫أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ أرﺑﻌﺎ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn g`xbvq Pvi ivKvÔAvZ †hvni Av`vq K‡i‡Qb Avi (g`xbvi
AbwZ`~‡i) hyj ûjvqdv‡Z `yB ivKvÔAvZ Avmi Av`vq K‡i‡Qb|Ó231
nhiZ Avey nvie Av`&`vBjx ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ وﻣﺎ اﻟﺨﺺ؟‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬.‫ ﻟﻮﻻ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺨﺺ ﻟﺼﻠﻴﺖ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫أن ﻋﻠﻴﺎ  ﻟﻤﺎ ﺧﺮج إﻟﻰ اﻟﺒﺼﺮة رأى ﺧﺼﺎ‬
.‫ ﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺐ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬
ÒnhiZ Avjx ivwh. hLb emiv Awfgy‡L iIqvbv K‡ib, ZLb c‡_ GKwU evwo †`‡L
e‡j DV‡jb, hw` GB ÔLyQÕwU (evwo) bv _vKZ (hw` GB evwowU AwZµg KiZvg),
Zvn‡j (Kmi wn‡m‡e) `yB ivKvÔAvZ bvgvh Av`vq KiZvg| Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg,
ÔLyQÕ Kx wRwbm? Dˇi wZwb ej‡jb, GK RvZxq euv‡ki Ni|Ó232
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. emivi w`‡K mdi Ki‡Z wM‡q wbR GjvKvi mxgv a‡i‡Qb GjvKvi
me©‡kl evwo-Ni| Ggwbfv‡e Be‡b Igi ivwh. Gi Avgj †_‡K ZvB cÖZxqgvb nq|
†Kbbv, wZwbI g`xbvi Ni-evwo AwZµg Ki‡jB Kmi ïiæ Ki‡Zb|
nhiZ Avbvm ivwh. m~‡Î ewY©Z Dc‡ivwjøwLZ nv`xm I Be‡b Igi ivwh. Ges Avjx
ivwh. Gi Avgj †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, †Kv‡bv gymvwdi wbR kni ev MÖvg AwZµg Ki‡jB
md‡ii my‡hvM myweav MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
Bgvg Be‡b gybwhi ivn. G wel‡q BRgv D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
‫أﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺤﻔﻆ ﻋﻦ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ أن ﻟﻠﺬي ﻳﺮﻳﺪ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ أن ﻳﻘﺼﺮ اﻟﺼﻼة إذا ﺧﺮج ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻮت اﻟﻘﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ‬
.‫ﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
ÒdzKvnv‡q †Kivg G wel‡q GKgZ †h, †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hLb kiÔqx md‡ii B”Qv †cvlY
K‡i wbR MÖvg ev kn‡ii mg¯Í Ni-evwo AwZµg Ki‡e ZLb †m bvgvh Kmi
Ki‡e|Ó233
Ggwbfv‡e Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-

230 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/33, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

231 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 1547
232 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: nv`xm bs 4319, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
233 Avj gyMbx: 2/98, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
130 `imyj wdK&n
.‫وإذا ﻓﺎرق اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﺑﻴﻮت اﻟﻤﺼﺮ ﺻﻠﻰ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬
Ògymvwdi e¨w³ hLb kn‡ii Ni-evwo AwZµg Ki‡e ZLb (Pvi ivKvÔAvZ wewkó
bvgvh) `yB ivKvÔAvZ Av`vq Ki‡e|Ó234
†gvUK_v, Kmi ïiæ Kivi Rb¨ Kgc‡¶ wbR MÖvg ev kni AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b
j¶Yxq welq n‡jv, wdK&‡ni wKZvevw`‡Z MÖvg I kni DfqUvB D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Zv †_‡K †evSv hvq, AwZµg Kivi w`K †_‡K kni I MÖvg GK eivei| MÖvg PvB hZ
†QvU †nvK bv †Kb Zv AwZµg Ki‡jB Kmi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
AwZµg `yÕai‡bi
GK. †Kv‡bv kni ev MÖvg †_‡K Ggbfv‡e †ei nIqv hv Øviv kni ev MÖv‡gi Ni evwo
I mswkøó RvqMv AwZµg Kiv nq| GUv ZLb m¤¢e hLb GK kni ev MÖvg Ab¨ kni
ev MÖvg †_‡K c„_K n‡e Ges Dfq kni ev MÖv‡gi gv‡S we¯Íi ZdvZ _vK‡e| Gai‡bi
AwZµg c~e©hy‡M mnR wQj| KviY, ZLb `yB kn‡ii gv‡S †ek `~iZ¡ _vKZ, Avi †m
wn‡m‡eB dKxnMY ev¯Íe A‡_© AwZµg nIqv‡K wKZvevw`‡Z kZ© K‡i‡Qb|
`yB. eZ©gv‡b A‡bK MÖvg Av‡Q hv Ab¨ MÖvg †_‡K c„_K bq; eis Ni-evwo¸‡jv ci¯úi
wgwjZ| G †¶‡Î A‡bK mgq Ggb nq †h, MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg AwZµg Kiv n‡”Q wKš‘
GK MvjIqvn (`yBkZ MR) cwigvY duvKv RvqMv cvIqv hv‡”Q bv, hv AwZµg Ki‡j
†m Kmi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| ZvB eZ©gvb Ijvgv‡q †Kivg e‡jb †h, †h‡nZz g~j D‡Ïk¨
wbR MÖvg AwZµg Kiv| Avi cÖ‡Z¨K Mªv‡gi Avjv`v ¯^KxqZv Av‡Q| cwiPq cwiwai
w`K †_‡K cÖ‡Z¨K MÖvg Ab¨ MÖvg †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wfbœ| ZvB duvKv RvqMv bv _vK‡jI
MÖv‡gi cÖwm× mxgv AwZµg Ki‡jB †m Kmi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
kn‡ii welqwUI MÖv‡gi gZB| ZvB eZ©gv‡b kni ev †cŠimfvi mxgv AwZµg Ki‡jB
Kmi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
†gvUK_v hw` cÖ_g c×wZ Abyhvqx Avgj Kiv m¤¢e nq, Zvn‡j †mfv‡e Avgj Ki‡e,
Ab¨_vq wØZxq c×wZ Abyhvqx Km‡ii bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e|235
Kmi bvgvh m¤ú‡K© wKQz gvmAvjv
gvmAvjv: gymvwdi e¨w³i Dci Pvi ivKvÔAvZ wewkó dih bvgvh `yB ivKvÔAvZ cov
IqvwRe| nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﻔﺮﺿﺖ أرﺑﻌﺎ وﺗﺮﻛﺖ ﺻﻼة اﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬،
‫ﻓﺮﺿﺖ اﻟﺼﻼة رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﺛﻢ ﻫﺎﺟﺮ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
Òbvgvh cÖ_gZ `yB ivKvÔAvZ dih Kiv n‡qwQj| ivm~jyjøvn wnRiZ Kivi ci
bvgvh Pvi ivKvÔAvZ dih Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges md‡ii bvgvh (e„w× bv K‡i) `yB

234 †n`vqv: 1/166, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

235 `ªóe¨, dvZvIqv‡q inxwgq¨vn: 5/181, hvKvwiqv eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`; RvIqvwniæj dvZvIqv: 4/309, KzZzeLvbv
Bmjvwgqv, cvwK¯Ívb
 gymvwd‡ii bvgvh: wKQz gvmvBj 131
ivKvÔAvZB ivLv n‡q‡Q|Ó236
nhiZ Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb-
237.
‫ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺼﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺴﺎن ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫ ﺗﻤﺎم‬،‫ وﺻﻼة اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ رﻛﻌﺘﺎن‬... ‫ﺻﻼة اﻟﺴﻔﺮ رﻛﻌﺘﺎن‬
Òmd‡ii bvgvh `yB ivKvÔAvZ... RygÔAvi bvgvh `yB ivKvÔAvZ| ivm~jyjøvn Gi
238
fvl¨vbyhvqx (md‡ii Rb¨) GUvB c~Y© bvgvh; Ac~Y© bq|Ó
kiÔqx md‡ii Kvi‡Y Kmi IqvwRe nIqv m‡Ë¡I hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ B”QvK…Zfv‡e Pvi
ivKvÔAvZ Av`vq K‡i Ges cÖ_g ˆeVKI K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi dih †Zv Av`vq n‡q hv‡e
wKš‘ B”QvK…Zfv‡e IqvwRe ZiK Kivi Kvi‡Y bvgvh gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx n‡e| G Rb¨
cybivq bvgvh Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe n‡e| Avi hw` cÖ_g ˆeVK bv K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi
bvgvhB n‡e bv| †hgb Avjøvgv ïiægeyjvjx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻫﻮ‬،‫ ﻟﻮﺟﻮد اﻟﻔﺮض ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ‬،‫ واﻟﺤﺎل أﻧﻪ ﻗﻌﺪ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد اﻷول ﻗﺪر اﻟﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﺻﺤﺖ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ‬،‫ﻓﺈذا أﺗﻢ اﻟﺮﺑﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﻟﺘﺄﺧﻴﺮ اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ وﻫﻮ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ إن‬،‫ وﺗﺼﻴﺮ اﻷﺧﺮﻳﺎن ﻧﺎﻓﻠﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻜﺮاﻫﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺠﻠﻮس ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬
.‫ وإﻻ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺼﺢ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ‬،‫ ﻳﺴﺠﺪ ﻟﻠﺴﻬﻮ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎن ﺳﺎﻫﻴﺎ‬،‫ﻛﺎن ﻋﺎﻣﺪا‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv gymvwdi e¨w³ Pvi ivKvÔAvZ Av`vq K‡i Ges cÖ_g ˆeV‡K Zvkvû`
cwigvY mgq e‡m, Zvn‡j dih Av`vq nIqvq (A_©vr cÖ_g ˆeVK Kivi Kvi‡Y) Zvi
bvgvh mnxn n‡q hv‡e| Avi wØZxq `yB ivKvÔAvZ Zvi Rb¨ bdj n‡q hv‡e| Avi
B”QvK…Zfv‡e wej‡¤^ mvjvg Av`vq Kivi Kvi‡Y Zvi bvgvh gvKiƒn n‡e| Avi hw` †m
fz‡j Pvi ivKvÔAvZ Av`vq K‡i, Zvn‡j wmR`v‡q mvû Ki‡e| Ab¨_vq bvgvh mnxn
n‡e bv|Ó239
Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻛﺬا ﻛﻞ ﺻﻼة أدﻳﺖ‬،‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﺎﺳﻘﺎ آﺛﻤﺎ‬،‫وﺗﻌﺎد وﺟﻮﺑﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﺪ واﻟﺴﻬﻮ إن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺠﺪ ﻟﻪ‬
.‫ﻣﻊ ﻛﺮاﻫﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﺗﺠﺐ إﻋﺎدﺗﻬﺎ‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ B”QvK…Z IqvwRe ZiK K‡i, ev fyj K‡i IqvwRe ZiK K‡i Ges
†mR`v‡q mvû bv †`q, Zvn‡j H bvgvh cybivq Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| hw` †m cybivq
bvgvh Av`vq bv K‡i, Zvn‡j †m ¸bvnMvi n‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e †h bvgvh gvKiƒ‡n
Zvnixgxi mv‡_ Av`vq nq H bvgvhI cybivq Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe|Ó240
gvmAvjv: hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Iqv‡³i ïiæ‡Z gyKxg _v‡K wKš‘ bvgvh Av`vq Kivi c~‡e©B

236 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 3935

(۲٧٨۳) «‫( و اﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن ﻓﻲ » ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬۱٤۲٥) «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ ﺧﺰﻳﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ » ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬237
238 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 257
239 gvivwKj dvjvn: 425, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
240 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/147-148, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
132 `imyj wdK&n
gymvwdi n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j †m bvgv‡h Kmi Ki‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³
Iqv‡³i ïiæ‡Z gymvwdi _v‡K, wKš‘ bvgvh Av`vq Kivi c~‡e©B gyKxg n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j
†m bvgv‡h Kmi Ki‡e bv; eis cyiv bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e| Avjøvgv Zv‡ni Be‡b Avãyi
ikx` ivn. e‡jb-
...‫ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﻼة اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﻓﻲ آﺧﺮ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬،‫إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ أول اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬
.‫ ﻳﻨﻘﻠﺐ ﻓﺮﺿﻪ أرﺑﻌﺎ‬،‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ أﻗﺎم ﻓﻲ آﺧﺮ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬...‫وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮا ﻓﻲ أول اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬
ÒhLb †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Iqv‡³i ïiæ‡Z gyKxg _v‡K Avi †m bvgvh Av`vq Kivi c~‡e©B
†kl Iqv‡³ gymvwdi n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j †m bvgvh Kmi Ki‡e... Avi hw` Iqv‡³i
ïiæ‡Z gymvwdi _v‡K Avi bvgvh Av`vq Kivi c~‡e©B H Iqv‡³ gyKxg n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j
†m cyiv bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e|Ó241
Z‡e hw` †Kv‡bv gyKxg e¨w³ Iqv‡³i ïiæ‡Z bvgvh Av`vq Kivi ci H Iqv‡³B
gymvwdi n‡q hvq A_ev †Kv‡bv gymvwdi e¨w³ bvgvh Av`vq Kivi ci H Iqv‡³B
gyKxg n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j Zvi Av`vqK…Z bvgvh cwieZ©b n‡e bv| G wel‡q dvZvIqv‡q
AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﺿﻪ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ أﻗﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬،‫ إن ﺻﻠﻰ ﺻﻼة اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮا ﻓﻲ أول اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Iqv‡³i ïiæ‡Z gymvwdi _v‡K Ges †m gymvwd‡ii bvgvh Av`vq
Kivi ci H Iqv‡³ gyKxg n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j Zvi Av`vqK…Z dih Pvi ivKv‡Z cwieZ©b
n‡e bv|Ó242
gymvwd‡ii RygÔAvi bvgvh
RygÔAvi bvgvh †h‡nZz Ab¨vb¨ bvgv‡hi gZ bq; eis Zv IqvwRe nIqvi Rb¨ †ek
wKQz k‡Z©i Dcw¯’wZ cÖ‡qvRb nq| ZvB mgq n‡jB RygÔAvi bvgvh mevi Dci me©Î
IqvwRe n‡e bv| Avi RygÔAvi kZ©mg~‡ni gv‡S GKwU n‡jv gyKxg nIqv| ZvB
gymvwd‡ii Dci RygÔAv IqvwRe n‡e bv| Z‡e Zviv hw` RygÔAv c‡o †bq, Zvn‡j
Av`vq n‡q hv‡e| †hgb Bgvg Avey nvbxdv243 ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-

241 †LvjvmvZzj dvZvIqv: 1/202, gvKZvev‡q n°vwbq¨vn, †c‡kvqvi, cvwK¯Ívb

242 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/141, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
243 Avey nvbxdv †bvÔgvb Be‡b mv‡eZ| 80 wnRix‡Z wZwb Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 150 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb

Zv‡eC wQ‡jb| Bgv‡g AvÔhg Dcvwa‡Z cwiwPZ| wZwb AZ¨šÍ ci‡nhMvi †Lv`vfxiæ I ˆah©kxj wQ‡jb| wZwb
mgKvjxb hy‡Mi †kÖô dKxn| Bgvg kv‡dÔqx ivn. e‡jb- ‫اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻴﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
BqvnBqv Be‡b gvCb ivn. †K Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Ki‡j wZwb e‡jb-
‫ وﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﺷﻌﺒﺔ‬،‫ وﻳﺄﻣﺮﻩ‬،‫ ﻫﺬا ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺠﺎج ﻳﻜﺘﺐ إﻟﻴﻪ أن ﻳﺤﺪث‬،‫ﺛﻘﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ أﺣﺪا ﺿﻌﻔﻪ‬
Avãyjøvn Be‡b gyeviK ivn. e‡jb- ‫ ﻗﻮل أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ أﺛﺮ إذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ أﺛﺮ‬wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb- ،‫ﻻ ﺗﻘﻮل رأي أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻮا ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn. e‡jb- ‫ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ أﺣﺪا أﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻣﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
Zuvi nvRvi nvRvi D¯Ívh I kvM‡i` wQ‡jb| Zuvi D¯ÍvhM‡Yi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jb, hyM‡kÖô dKxn, gydZx I gynvwÏm
 gymvwd‡ii bvgvh: wKQz gvmvBj 133
‫ واﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ‬،‫ واﻟﻤﻤﻠﻮك‬،‫ اﻟﻤﺮأة‬،‫ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻻ ﺟﻤﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ اﻟﻘﺮﻇﻲ  ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ وﺑﻪ ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻓﻌﻠﻮا أﺟﺰأﻫﻢ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬.‫واﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ‬
Ògynv¤§` Be‡b KvÔe Avj-Kzivhx ivwh. ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib, Pvi †kªYxi
gvby‡li Dci RygÔAvi bvgvh IqvwRe bq| gwnjv, K…Z`vm, gymvwdi Ges Amy¯’ e¨w³|
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. e‡jb, hw` Zviv RygÔAv Av`vq K‡i †bq, Zvn‡j Aek¨ Av`vq
n‡q hv‡e|Ó244
`yB bvgvh GKmv‡_ Av`vq Kiv
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv cÖ‡Z¨K bvgvh‡K Iqv‡³i mv‡_ m¤ú„³ K‡i‡Qb| ivm~jyjøvn Gi
ZvÔjxg I avivevwnK Avgj wQ‡jv cÖwZwU bvgvh wbR Iqv‡³ Av`vq Kiv| ZvB bvgv‡hi
GKwU g~jbxwZ n‡jv, bvgvh Zvi wbR Iqv‡³B Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| GK bvgvh‡K Ab¨
Iqv‡³ Av`vq Kiv hv‡e bv| Z‡e n‡R¡i mgq Avivdvi w`b Avivdv‡q †hvni I Avmi
†hvn‡ii Iqv‡³, Avi gyh`vwjdvq gvMwie I Gkv Dfq bvgvh Gkvi Iqv‡³ GKmv‡_
co‡Z n‡e| GB bvgvh¸‡jv e¨ZxZ Avi †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB `yB bvgvh GK
mg‡q Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh bq| KviY, cÖwZwU bvgvh Zvi wba©vwiZ mg‡q covi e¨vcv‡i
KziAvb, nv`x‡m ZvKx` G‡m‡Q| †hgb, KziAv‡b Bikv` n‡q‡Q-

 zy   xwvu t s
Òwbðq gywgb‡`i Dci wbw`©ó mg‡q bvgvh dih Kiv n‡q‡Q|Ó245
Abyiƒcfv‡e nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q| nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z,
wZwb e‡jb-
‫ وﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺠﺮ‬،‫ ﺻﻼة اﻟﻤﻐﺮب واﻟﻌﺸﺎء ﺑﺠﻤﻊ‬،‫ إﻻ ﺻﻼﺗﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺻﻠﻰ ﺻﻼة إﻻ ﻟﻤﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
ÒAvwg `yBwU bvgvh e¨ZxZ ivm~jyjøvn †K mg‡qi evB‡i (Av‡M-c‡i) bvgvh co‡Z
†`wLwb| gvMwie Ges Bkvi bvgvh Bkvi mg‡q gyh`vwjdvq GK‡Î GKevi co‡Z
†`‡LwQ| Avi H w`b ¯^vfvweK mg‡qi c~‡e© dR‡ii bvgvh co‡Z †`‡LwQ|Ó246

nhiZ AvZv Be‡b Avex ievn ivn. I nv¤§v` Be‡b Avex myjvBgvb ivn.| Bgvgyj nv`xm Av‡gi Be‡b ïivnwej Ges
Av`x Be‡b mv‡eZ ivn. cÖg~L| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. nv¤§v` Be‡b Avex myjvBgv‡bi mvwbœ‡a¨ AvVvi eQi †_‡K
wdK&n AR©b K‡ib| Avi kvM‡i`‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jb, nhiZ Bgvg nvmvb Be‡b whqv`, Bgvg hydvi Be‡b
ûhvBj, Bgvg Avey BDmyd I Bgvg gynv¤§v` Bebyj nvmvb ivn. cÖgyL| wZwb me© cÖ_g myweb¨v¯Ífv‡e kixÔAvZ msKjb
K‡ib| Zuvi msKwjZ wKZveyj AvQvi me©vwaK mnxn wKZve e‡j we‡ewPZ| -dvhvwqjy Avex nvbxdv; Avj BbwZKv dx
dvhvwqwjj AvB¤§vwZQ QvjvQvwZj dzKvnv; gvbvwKey Avex nvbxdv wjh-hvnvex
244 wKZveyj AvQvi: nv`xm bs 199
245 m~iv wbmv: 103
246 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1289
134 `imyj wdK&n
Aek¨ mdiRwbZ mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y `yB bvgvh‡K Gfv‡e Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh Av‡Q †h,
cÖ_g bvgvh‡K Zvi G‡Kev‡i †kl Iqv‡³ Av`vq K‡i cieZ©x bvgvh‡K Zvi ïiæ
Iqv‡³ Av`vq Ki‡e| G‡Z cÖwZwU bvgvh Zvi wbR wbR wba©vwiZ mg‡qB Av`vq n‡e|
G‡¶‡Î `yB Iqv‡³i bvgvh evn¨Z GK‡Î Av`vq Kiv n‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡jI ev¯Í‡e
GKwÎZ nqwb| ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K Gfv‡e bvgvh covi c×wZ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|
nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
247
.‫ وﻳﺆﺧﺮ اﻟﻤﻐﺮب وﻳﻌﺠﻞ اﻟﻌﺸﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬،‫أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﺆﺧﺮ اﻟﻈﻬﺮ وﻳﻌﺠﻞ اﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn md‡i †hvn‡ii bvgvh †kl Iqv‡³ I Avm‡ii bvgvh cÖ_g Iqv‡³
Ges gvMwie †kl Iqv‡³ I Bkv cÖ_g Iqv‡³ Av`vq Ki‡Zb|Ó248
†h‡nZz KziAvb nv`xm I BRgv Øviv `yB Iqv³ bvgvh ev¯ÍweKfv‡e GK‡Î cov cÖgvwYZ
†bB AZGe, †Kv‡bv m¤¢vebvc~Y© (GKvwaK A_©‡evaK) nv`xm Øviv Gi wecixZ weavb
cÖgvY Kiv m¤¢e n‡e bv| Ge¨vcv‡i Bgvg Avey eKi Avj-Rvmmvm ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻷﺣﺪ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ إﻻ‬،‫ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻮﺟﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬،‫ ﻗﻮﻻ وﻓﻌﻼ‬،‫وﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻴﺖ ﻧﻘﻼ ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬
.‫ وﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ واﻟﻤﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ‬،‫ وﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺤﺘﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺄوﻳﻞ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز إﺳﻘﺎﻃﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﺧﺒﺎر اﻵﺣﺎد‬،‫ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ورد ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﻞ اﻷﺻﻞ‬
ÒcuvP Iqv³ bvgv‡hi Iqv³mg~n cy‡iv D¤§‡Z gymwjgvi †gŠwLK I Kg©avivi gva¨‡g
e¨vcKfv‡e ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| hv Ggb ch©v‡q DcbxZ n‡q‡Q †h, Zvi Dci Avgj Kiv I
AKvU¨ wek¦vm Kiv Avek¨K| myZivs D³ nv`x‡mi b¨vq me©¸‡Y gv‡b DbœxZ †Kv‡bv
nv`xm e¨ZxZ D³ nv`xm‡K ev` †`qv (Z_v `yB Iqv‡³i bvgvh‡K GK Iqv‡³ cov)
Rv‡qh n‡e bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e ïay GKRb ivexi eY©bvi Øviv ev m¤¢vebvc~Y© (GKvwaK
A_©‡evaK) nv`xm Øviv A_ev ïay hyw³ Øviv D³ nv`xm‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e
bv|Ó249
bvgv‡hi `yÔAv-‡KivZ ms‡¶c Kiv cÖm½
md‡i Zvovûovi gyû‡Z© bvg‡hi gvmb~b Zvmexn wZbev‡ii ¯’‡j GKevi cov hv‡e
Ges m~iv wKivZ ms‡¶c Kiv hv‡e| †hgb Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻟﻤﺎ روي أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺮأ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻼة اﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮﻩ‬،‫ وأي ﺳﻮرة ﺷﺎء‬،‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻳﻘﺮأ ﺑﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬
‫ ﻳﻘﺮأ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺠﺮ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺳﻮرة‬،‫ وإن ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ أﻣﻨﺔ وﻗﺮار‬،‫ وﻫﺬا إذا ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺠﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻴﺮ‬... ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻮذﺗﻴﻦ‬

‫ واﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺠﻪ وﺷﻮاﻫﺪﻩ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻳﻪ ﻓﻲ‬۱٦٤/۱ «‫( واﻟﻄﺤﺎوي ﻓﻲ » ﺷﺮح ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ اﻵﺛﺎر‬٨۲۳٨) ۲۱۰/۲ «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ » اﻟﻤﺼﻨﻒ‬247
(۱۲٧۱) ۳٧٦ «‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﺔ ﻟـ» اﻟﻤﺼﻨﻒ‬
248 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: nv`xm bs 8238
249 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 2/102. gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
 gymvwd‡ii bvgvh: wKQz gvmvBj 135
.‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة اﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺮوج واﻧﺸﻘﺖ‬
Òmd‡i m~iv dvwZnvi mv‡_ Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv m~iv B”Qv cov hv‡e| †Kbbv ewY©Z Av‡Q
†h, ivm~j (j¤^v m~iv covi Af¨vm _vKv m‡Ë¡I) md‡i dR‡ii bvgv‡h m~iv‡q
dvjvK I m~ivq bvm cvV K‡i‡Qb... Gfv‡e ZLb Av`vq Ki‡e hLb Zvovûov _vK‡e|
Avi hw` gymvwdi e¨w³ kvšÍ I w¯’i Ae¯’vq _v‡K, Zvn‡j dR‡ii bvgv‡h m~ivq ÔeyiƒRÕ
I ÔBbkv°vZÕ Gi gZ `xN© m~iv cvV Ki‡e| †Kbbv ZLb ZvLdxd mnKv‡i mybœv‡Zi
Dci Avgj Kiv m¤¢e|Ó250
md‡i mybœZ bvgv‡hi ûKzg
gymvwd‡ii Rb¨ dR‡ii mybœZ e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ mybœZ bvgv‡hi †¶‡Î eva¨evaKZv †bB|
Bmjvg G‡¶‡Î GK ai‡bi wkw_jZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| ZvB gymvwd‡ii Rb¨ mybœZ cov
Avek¨K bq| †Kv‡bv Zvovûov wKsev mg‡qi ¯^íZv _vK‡j ZLb mybœZ bv covB DËg|
nhiZ nvdm Be‡b Av‡mg ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ ﺛﻢ أﻗﺒﻞ وأﻗﺒﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺟﺎء رﺣﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺼﻠﻰ ﻟﻨﺎ اﻟﻈﻬﺮ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ﺻﺤﺒﺖ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻜﺔ‬
:‫ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻫﺆﻻء؟ ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺮأى ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ﻗﻴﺎﻣﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﺤﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺗﺔ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺻﻠﻰ‬،‫وﺟﻠﺲ وﺟﻠﺴﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ‬
،‫ ﻳﺎ اﺑﻦ أﺧﻲ! إﻧﻰ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬،‫ ﻟﻮ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﺴﺒﺤﺎ ﻷﺗﻤﻤﺖ ﺻﻼﺗﻲ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬.‫ﻳﺴﺒﺤﻮن‬
‫ وﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺰد ﻋﻠﻰ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻀﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ وﺻﺤﺒﺖ أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺮ‬،‫ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺰد ﻋﻠﻰ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻀﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ وﻗﺪ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺰد ﻋﻠﻰ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻀﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺰد ﻋﻠﻰ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺒﻀﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬
.(‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﻠﻪ )ﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﺎن ﻟﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ أﺳﻮة ﺣﺴﻨﺔ‬
ÒnhiZ nvdm Be‡b Av‡Qg ivwh. e‡jb, Avwg g°vi md‡i GKevi Be‡b Igi ivwh.
Gi mv‡_ wQjvg| wZwb Avgv‡`i‡K `yB ivKvÔAvZ †hvni cov‡jb| Gici mvg‡b
Pj‡jb| AvgivI Zvi m‡½ Pj‡Z ïiæ Kijvg| B‡Zvg‡a¨ mvIqvixi Kv‡Q G‡m
†M‡jb| wZwb em‡jb, AvgivI Zvi mv‡_ emjvg| AZtci wZwb †hLv‡b bvgvh
c‡o‡Qb †mw`‡K j¶¨ Ki‡jb Ges wKQz †jvK‡K `Ûvqgvb †`‡L ej‡jb, Zviv Kx
Ki‡Q? ejjvg, Zviv Zvmexn (bvgvh) co‡Q| wZwb ej‡jb, †n fvwZRv! hw` Avwg
bvgvh coZvg (A_©vr di‡hi ci mybœZ coZvg) Zvn‡j †Zv dihB cyiv coZvg|
Avwg ivm~jyjøvn Gi mv‡_ mdi K‡iwQ, wZwb `yÕivKv‡Zi †ewk c‡obwb| G
Avg‡ji DciB wZwb ci‡jvK Mgb K‡i‡Qb| Avwg nhiZ Avey eKi wmÏxK ivwh. Gi
m‡½ mdi K‡iwQ, wZwbI AwšÍgKvj ch©šÍ `yÕivKvÔAvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb, Gi †ewk bq|
Abyiƒcfv‡e nhiZ Igi ivwh. Gi m‡½ mdi K‡iwQ, wZwbI Avg„Zz¨ `yB ivKv‡Zi †ewk
c‡obwb| nhiZ Dmgvb ivwh. Gi m‡½ mdi K‡iwQ, wZwbI Avg„Zy¨ `yB ivKvÔAvZ

250 †n`vqv: 1/199, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

136 `imyj wdK&n
bvgvh c‡o‡Qb| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb, wbðq ivm~jyjøvn Gi Rxe‡b i‡q‡Q
†Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ Abycg Av`k©|Ó251
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. D‡jøL K‡ib-
‫)وﻳﺄﺗﻲ( اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ )ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻨﻦ( إن ﻛﺎن )ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل أﻣﻦ وﻗﺮار وإﻻ( ﺑﺄن ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺧﻮف وﻓﺮار )ﻻ( ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻫﻮ‬
.‫ ﻗﻴﻞ إﻻ ﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﻔﺠﺮ‬، «‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺗﺮك ﻟﻌﺬر »ﺗﺠﻨﻴﺲ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺎر‬
Ògymvwdi e¨w³ hw` w¯’i Ges wbivc` Ae¯’vq _v‡K, Zvn‡j †m mybœZ Av`vq Ki‡e|
Avi hw` †m fxZ Ges cjvqbiZ nq, Zvn‡j mybœZ Av`vq Ki‡e bv| Avi GUvB
MÖnY‡hvM¨ gZ| wKš‘ †KD †KD e‡j‡Qb †h, G Ae¯’vqI dR‡ii mybœZ Av`vq
Ki‡e|Ó252
Aek¨ hw` †Kv_vI `yB Pvi w`‡bi Rb¨ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z nq, Zvn‡j mybœZ¸‡jv Av`vq
K‡i †bqvB DËg| ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K Giƒc Avgj cÖgvwYZ Av‡Q| nhiZ D‡¤§ nvbx
ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺻﻠﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﺎم اﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻲ رﻛﻌﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺛﻮب واﺣﺪ ﻗﺪ ﺧﺎﻟﻒ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn g°v weR‡qi mgq Avgvi N‡i Ggb GKwU Kvc‡o AvU ivKvÔAvZ
bvgvh Av`vq K‡i‡Qbg hvi GK cvk¦© Ab¨ cv‡k¦©i wecixZ wQj|Ó253
ejvevûj¨ †h, ivm~j g°v weR‡qi mgq g°vq gymvwdi wQ‡jb| wZwb gymvwdi
nIqv m‡Ë¡I AvU ivKvÔAvZ bdj bvgvh Av`vq K‡ib|
nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ وﺻﻠﻴﺖ‬،‫ ﻓﺼﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻀﺮ اﻟﻈﻬﺮ أرﺑﻌﺎ وﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬،‫ﺻﻠﻴﺖ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻀﺮ واﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬
‫ واﻟﻤﻐﺮب ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻀﺮ‬،‫ واﻟﻌﺼﺮ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ‬،‫ﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ اﻟﻈﻬﺮ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ وﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬
.‫ وﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ رﻛﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬،‫ وﻫﻲ وﺗﺮ اﻟﻨﻬﺎر‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﻨﻘﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻀﺮ وﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬،‫واﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﺳﻮاء ﺛﻼث رﻛﻌﺎت‬
ÒAvwg md‡i Ges BKvgv‡Z ivm~j Gi mv‡_ bvgvh Av`vq K‡iwQ| Z‡e gyKxg
Ae¯’vq ivm~j Gi mv‡_ †hvn‡ii bvgvh Pvi ivKvÔAvZ Av`vq K‡iwQ Ges
†hvn‡ii ci `yB ivKvÔAvZ c‡owQ| Avi gymvwdi Ae¯’vq †hvn‡ii bvgvh `yB ivKvÔAvZ
Av`vq K‡iwQ Ges Zvi c‡i `yB ivKvÔAvZ c‡owQ| Avi Avm‡ii bvgvh `yB ivKvÔAvZ
c‡owQ, wZwb Avm‡ii ci †Kv‡bv bvgvh Av`vq K‡ibwb| Avi gvMwi‡ei bvgvh md‡i

251 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 689

252 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/613
253 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 719-720
 gymvwd‡ii bvgvh: wKQz gvmvBj 137
Ges BKvgv‡Z wZb ivKvÔAvZ Av`vq K‡iwQ Ges Zvici `yB ivKvÔAvZ c‡owQ|Ó254
wKš‘ eZ©gvb mgv‡R wKQz msL¨K †jvK Ggb Av‡Q Øx‡bi GB mwVK Ávb bv _vKvi
Kvi‡Y hviv Dfq †¶‡Î mxgvj•Nb K‡i| A_©vr wKQz †jvK mdi Ae¯’vq mybœZ
G‡Kev‡iB Av`vq K‡i bv; eis Zviv e‡j, Ômd‡i mybœZ Av`vq Ki‡Z nq bv|Õ Avi
wKQz †jvK mybœ‡Zi Lye cve›`x K‡i, hvi Kvi‡Y Zvi mv_x-m½x‡`i‡K GgbwK A‡bK
mgq ¯^qs Zv‡KI †c‡ikvb ev K‡ói wkKvi n‡Z nq| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv mKj
gymjgvb‡K md‡ii mKj AvnKv‡gi mg~‡ni mwVK Ávb `vb K‡i mwVKfv‡e Avgj
Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Kiæb| Avgxb \

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 08 iRe 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
29 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

254 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 1/123; Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K nvmvb e‡j‡Qb|
138

ZvejxMx mdi, k¦ïivjq I wcÎvj‡q bvgvh

gvIjvbv Avãyj Kixg XvKv
mdi gvbe Rxe‡bi GKwU Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| †QvU-eo, bvix-cyiæl, abx-Mixe mK‡jB
Kg-†ewk mdi K‡i _v‡K| Avi mdi ej‡ZB Kó| †mB Kó‡K mvg‡b †i‡L kixÔAvZ
gymvwd‡ii Rb¨ wewfbœ AvnKv‡g mnR-mijZvi w`K Aej¤^b K‡i‡Q| hvi Ab¨Zg
n‡”Q bvgvh| ZvB eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü ZvejxMx RvgvZ md‡i Ges (md‡ii `~i‡Z¡) RvgvB
k¦ïivj‡q I †g‡q wcÎvj‡q KLb Kxfv‡e bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e, Zvi kiÔqx weavb
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
gymvwd‡ii cwiPq
gymvwdi ejv nq, hvi g‡a¨ wZbwU kZ© cvIqv hvq| hw` Gi †Kv‡bv GKwU kZ©I bv
cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j †m gymvwdi n‡e bv|
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. kZ©¸‡jv ¯úófv‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
.‫ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﺷﻴﺎء‬،‫ واﻟﺨﺮوج ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮان اﻟﻤﺼﺮ‬،‫ﻓﺎﻟﺬي ﻳﺼﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮا ﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺪة اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻴﺔ‬...‫ ﻷن اﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺳﻔﺮا وﻗﺪ ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮن‬،‫ ﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺪة اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬:‫ واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬...‫ ﻣﺪة اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬:‫أﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮا ﺑﻤﺠﺮد ﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮان‬،‫ اﻟﺨﺮوج ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮان اﻟﻤﺼﺮ‬:‫ واﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬...‫ﻟﻠﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬
.‫اﻟﻤﺼﺮ‬
Ò†h mKj kZ© cvIqv †M‡j kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z gyKxg gymvwdi nq, Zv n‡jv, md‡ii
`~iZ¡ AwZµ‡gi wbqZ Kiv I kn‡ii Avev`x †_‡K †ei nIqv| myZivs G‡¶‡Î wZbwU
wel‡qi Dcw¯’wZ Avek¨K| GK. mdiUv kixÔAvZ KZ…©K md‡ii wba©vwiZ `~i‡Z¡
nIqv| (kiÔqx md‡ii `~iZ¡: wZb w`b wZb iv‡Zi c_| A_©vr 48 gvBj, hv eZ©gv‡b
77 wK.wg. 248 wg.|255 Z‡e mZK©Zvg~jK 78 wK‡jvwgUvi aiv DËg|) `yB. GKB
mv‡_ kiÔqx md‡ii `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kivi wbqZ Kiv| KviY gvbyl KL‡bv c_ P‡j
md‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨, Avevi KL‡bv md‡ii wbqZ _v‡K bv| ZvB Df‡qi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
Kivi Rb¨ wbqZ Avek¨K| wZb. kni, MÖvg ev Rbc‡`i †jvKvjq †_‡K †ei nIqv|
kn‡ii emwZ †_‡K †ei bv n‡q ïay md‡ii wbqZ Ki‡j gymvwdi n‡e bv|Ó256
gymvwdi gyKxg nIqvi Dcvqmg~n
gymvwd‡ii gv‡S PviwU k‡Z©i †h †Kv‡bv GKwU cvIqv †M‡j gyKxg n‡q hv‡e|
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e GB PviwU k‡Z©i Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb-

255 RvIqvwniæj wdKn, AvIhv‡b kiBq¨vn Aa¨vq: 1/436-438, gvKZvev Zvdmxiæj KziAvb, mvBwq` gwÄj, †`Ie›`
256 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/261Ñ264, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 ‫‪ZvejxMx md‡i, k¦ïivjq I wcÎvj‡q bvgvh‬‬ ‫‪139‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬واﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺄرﺑﻌﺔ أﺷﻴﺎء‪:‬‬
‫أﺣﺪﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﺻﺮﻳﺢ ﻧﻴﺔ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ وﻫﻮ أن ﻳﻨﻮي اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎن واﺣﺪ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻟﻺﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ أرﺑﻌﺔ أﺷﻴﺎء‪ ...‬أﻣﺎ ﻧﻴﺔ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ دﺧﻞ ﻣﺼﺮا‪ ،‬أو ﻣﻜﺚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﻬﺮا أو‬
‫أﻛﺜﺮ ﻻﻧﺘﻈﺎر اﻟﻘﺎﻓﻠﺔ أو ﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ أﺧﺮى‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﻮل ‪ :‬أﺧﺮج اﻟﻴﻮم أو ﻏﺪا‪ ،‬وﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻮ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ‪ ...‬وأﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺪة اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻗﻠﻬﺎ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‪ ...‬وأﻣﺎ اﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﻤﻜﺎن ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻟﺸﺮط ﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺪة اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎن‬
‫واﺣﺪ ؛ ﻷن اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻗﺮار‪ ،‬واﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻳﻀﺎدﻩ‪ ،‬وﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻦ‪ ،‬وإذا ﻋﺮف ﻫﺬا ﻓﻨﻘﻮل ‪ :‬إذا‬
‫ﻧﻮى اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﺼﺮا واﺣﺪا أو ﻗﺮﻳﺔ واﺣﺪة ﺻﺎر ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ؛‬
‫ﻷﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺘﺤﺪان ﺣﻜﻤﺎ‪ ...‬وأﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﻜﺎن اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻟﻺﻗﺎﻣﺔ ‪ :‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻠﺒﺚ واﻟﻘﺮار ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎدة ﻧﺤﻮ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺼﺎر واﻟﻘﺮى ‪ ،‬وأﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﻔﺎزة واﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮة واﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻓﻠﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﻧﻮى اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺿﻊ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﻛﺬا روي ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬وﺟﻮد اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺘﺒﻌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ أن ﻳﺼﻴﺮ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺼﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﺒﻊ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﻻﻩ ‪ ،‬واﻟﻤﺮأة ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺔ زوﺟﻬﺎ ‪ ،‬واﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮ وﻧﺤﻮ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺪﺧﻮل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻃﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ إذا دﺧﻞ ﻣﺼﺮﻩ ﺻﺎر ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮاء دﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻺﻗﺎﻣﺔ أو‬
‫ﻟﻼﺟﺘﻴﺎز أو ﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺨﺮوج ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‪ :‬ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻌﺰم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻮد ﻟﻠﻮﻃﻦ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ أن اﻟﺮﺟﻞ إذا ﺧﺮج ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻩ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻋﺰم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺟﻮع‬
‫إﻟﻰ وﻃﻨﻪ ‪ ،‬وﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺬي ﺑﻠﻎ وﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﺮﻩ ﻣﺴﻴﺮة ﺳﻔﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﺰم ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Ògymvwdi gyKxg nq BKvg‡Zi Kvi‡Y| Avi BKvgZ cÖgvwYZ nq Pvifv‡e| GK.‬‬
‫‪BKvgv‡Zi †hvM¨ †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b c‡bi w`b Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ Kiv| G‡¶‡Î PviwU wel‡qi‬‬
‫|‪mgš^q NUv Avek¨K‬‬
‫‪1. BKvgv‡Zi wbqZ Kiv| †KD hw` †Kv‡bv kn‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges †mLv‡b GK gvm‬‬
‫‪ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq Ae¯’vb K‡i †Kv‡bv Kv‡djvi A‡c¶vq A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv‬‬
‫‪cª‡qvR‡b, Ges AvR hv‡ev Kvj hv‡ev K‡i A‡bK w`b cvi K‡i †`q, A_P (c‡bi‬‬
‫|‪w`b ev Zvi †ewk mgq) Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ bv K‡i, Zvn‡j †m gyKxg n‡e bv‬‬
‫‪2. BKvgv‡Zi mgq wba©viY Kiv| nvbvdx gvhnv‡e BKvgv‡Zi me©wbgœ mgq n‡jv c‡bi‬‬
‫)|‪w`b| (myZivs c‡bi w`‡bi Kg mgq BKvg‡Zi wbqZ Ki‡j gyKxg n‡e bv‬‬
‫‪3. wbq‡Z BKvgv‡Zi ¯’vb GK nIqv| A_©vr GK¯’v‡bB c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq‬‬
‫‪Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ Kiv| ZvB †Kv‡bv gymvwdi hw` `yB RvqMvq c‡bi w`b Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ‬‬
‫‪K‡i, Avi GB `yÕwU RvqMv GKB kni ev GKB MÖv‡g nq, Zvn‡j †m gyKxg n‡e| †Kbbv‬‬
‫|‪GB `yÕwU ¯’vb wfbœ †`Lv †M‡jI G‡¶‡Î GK ¯’vbB aiv n‡e‬‬
140 `imyj wdK&n
4. ¯’vbUv BKvgv‡Zi Rb¨ Dchy³ nIqv| A_©vr ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vb I w¯’wZi RvqMv,
†hgb kni ev MÖvg| c¶všÍ‡i hw` Zv nq wekvj k~b¨ gq`vb, giæf~wg ev RvnvR,
Zvn‡j †mUv BKvgv‡Zi RvqMv bq| Ggb ¯’v‡b hw` †KD c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk
mgq Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ K‡i, Zvn‡j †m gyKxg n‡e bv| GgbwUB ewY©Z Av‡Q Bgvg Avey
nvbxdv ivn. †_‡K|
`yB. Kv‡iv AbyMZ wn‡m‡e BKvgvZ Kiv| Avi Zv Gfv‡e †h, Avm‡ji (Abym„‡Zi)
BKvgv‡Zi Øviv Abymvixi BKvgv‡Zi wbqZ n‡q hv‡e| †hgb ¯¿x Zvi ¯^vgxi, PvKi ev
†Mvjvg Zvi gwb‡ei Ges †mbvevwnbx †mbvcwZi wbqZ Øviv gyKxg ev gymvwdi n‡e|
A_©vr AbymZ„ e¨w³ gyKxg n‡j AbymvixI gyKxg n‡q hv‡e †Kv‡bv wbqZ QvovB|
wZb. ÔIqvZ‡b AvmjxÕ A_©vr wbR kni ev Mªv‡g cÖ‡ek Kiv| PvB †m Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨
wKsev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvR‡b ev c_ AwZµ‡gi Rb¨ cÖ‡ek KiæK bv †Kb| me©ve¯’vqB
†m gyKxg n‡q hv‡e|
Pvi. ÔIqvZ‡b AvmjxÕ‡Z wd‡i Avmvi `„p cÖwZÁv Kiv| A_©vr †Kv‡bv e¨w³ md‡ii
wbq‡Z Zvi kni †_‡K †ei nIqvi ci hw` Avevi wbR kn‡i wd‡i Avmvi e¨vcv‡i
`„p cÖwZÁv K‡i, Avi Zvi Ae¯’vb¯’j I Zvi wbR kn‡ii gv‡S md‡ii `~iZ¡ bv _v‡K,
Zvn‡j Zvi cÖwZÁvi mgq †_‡K †m gyKxg wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e|Ó257
ZvejxMx RvgvÔAv‡Zi mdi cÖm½
gymvwdi I gyKxg msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv‡K wfwË K‡i ZvejxMx RvgvÔAv‡Zi md‡i bvgvh
Kmi Kiv bv Kiv m¤ú‡K© wKQz gvmAvjvi Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
gviKv‡h Ae¯’vbKvjxb mg‡qi ûKzg
hw` gviKvh gmwR` Avi Zvi wbR kni ev MÖv‡gi gv‡S md‡ii `~iZ¡ bv _v‡K,
GgZve¯’vq gviKv‡h Ae¯’vbKv‡j †m gymvwdi n‡e bv| KviY gymvwdi nIqvi Rb¨
md‡ii ïiæ †_‡KB wbwðZfv‡e 78 wK.wg. `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kivi wbqZ Kiv kZ©|
Avi hw` kni ev MÖvg †_‡K gviKvh gmwR` 78 wK.wg. `~i‡Z¡ nq, Zvn‡j knievmxiv
wbR kni ev †cŠimfvi wba©vwiZ mxgv‡iLv Avi MÖvgevmxiv wbR MÖv‡gi mxgvbv AwZµg
Ki‡jB gymvwdi n‡q hv‡e|
Gici gviKv‡h Avmvi ci hw` †mLv‡b c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq _vKvi e¨vcv‡i
wbwðZ n‡Z bv cv‡i, Zvn‡j Zviv gymvwdiB _vK‡e| Avi hw` c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv
†ewk mgq Ae¯’v‡bi e¨vcv‡i wbwðZ nq Ges wbqZI K‡i, Zvn‡j gyKxg n‡q hv‡e|
†Kbbv gyKxg nIqvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq BKvgv‡Zi wbqZ
KivB h‡_ó|
†h mKj mv_x gviKv‡h B‡šÍRv‡gi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ AÂj †_‡K G‡m

257 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/268Ñ282, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 ZvejxMx md‡i, k¦ïivjq I wcÎvj‡q bvgvh 141
wewfbœ †gqv‡` gviKv‡h Ae¯’vb K‡ib, Zv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K hv‡`i kni ev MÖvg gviKvh
†_‡K md‡ii `~i‡Z¡ Aew¯’Z, Zviv kni ev MÖv‡gi mxgvbv cvi n‡jB gymvwdi n‡q
hv‡e| Gici hw` gviKv‡h c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ K‡i,
Zvn‡j †mLv‡b gyKxg wn‡m‡e _vK‡e| Avi hv‡`i MÖvg ev kni gviKvh †_‡K md‡ii
`~i‡Z¡ bq Zviv me©ve¯’vq gyKxg _vK‡e|
wZb wPjøv ev mv‡ji mv_xiv wPjøvi AšÍi AšÍi gviKv‡h Ae¯’vbKv‡j hw` c‡bi w`‡bi
Kg mgq _vKvi wbqZ K‡i, Zvn‡j Zviv gymvwdi wn‡m‡e Kmi Ki‡e| Avi hw` c‡bi
w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ K‡i, Zvn‡j Zviv gyKxg wn‡m‡e _vK‡e|
mdiKvjxb mg‡qi weavb
gviKvh gmwR‡` gyKxg wn‡m‡e Ae¯’vbKvix RvgvÔAv‡Zi †ivL (MšÍe¨) hw` gviKvh
†_‡K 78 wK.wg. `~i‡Z¡ bv nq, Zvn‡j gymvwdi n‡e bv| wKš‘ evwo †divi mgq †ivL
†_‡K wbR kni ev MÖv‡gi `~iZ¡ 78 wK.wg. n‡j †m †divi c‡_ gymvwdi _vK‡e wbR
kni ev MÖv‡g cÖ‡e‡ki c~e© ch©šÍ| Avi hw` †ivL 78 wK.wg. `~i‡Z¡ nq, Zvn‡j gviKvh¯’
kni AwZµg Ki‡jB gymvwdi n‡e|
gviKvh KZ…©K wbav©wiZ MšÍ‡e¨ †cuŠQ‡Z hw` RvgvÔAv‡Zi †Kv‡bv mv_xi Mªvg ev kn‡ii
ga¨ w`‡q AwZµg Ki‡Z nq, Zvn‡j H mv_x Zvi kn‡i ev MÖv‡gi Gwiqvi †fZi
cÖ‡ek Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ gyKxg n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e Zvi GjvKv †_‡K hw` RvgvÔAv‡Zi
†ivL (MšÍe¨) md‡ii `~i‡Z¡ nq, Zvn‡j †m Zvi GjvKv †_‡K †ei n‡j cybivq gymvwdi
n‡e| Ab¨_vq gyKxg _vK‡e| Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. D‡jøL K‡ib-
‫ ﺳﻮاء دﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻺﻗﺎﻣﺔ أو‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ إذا دﺧﻞ ﻣﺼﺮﻩ ﺻﺎر ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺪﺧﻮل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻃﻦ‬:‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
.‫ واﻟﺨﺮوج ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ﻟﻼﺟﺘﻴﺎز أو ﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬
ÒIqvZ‡b Avmjx A_vr wbR kni ev Mªv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡j gyKxg n‡q hv‡e| †m Ae¯’v‡bi
Rb¨ wKsev †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvR‡b A_ev c_ AwZµ‡gi Rb¨ cÖ‡ek KiæK bv †Kb|Ó258
wba©vwiZ †iv‡L Ae¯’vbKvjxb mg‡qi weavb
hw` †Kv‡bv RvgvZ‡K c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mg‡qi Rb¨ md‡ii `~i‡Z¡ †Kv‡bv
kn‡i cvVv‡bv nq, Zvn‡j Zviv H kn‡i wM‡q c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq Ae¯’v‡bi
wbqZ bv Kiv ch©šÍ gymvwdi _vK‡e| Avi wbqZ Kivi ci gyKxg n‡q hv‡e| KviY
cy‡iv kniUv Zv‡`i Rb¨ GK ¯’v‡bi gZ|
Ggwbfv‡e hw` Zv‡`i‡K †Kv‡bv BDwbq‡b cvVv‡bv nq, ZLb BDwbq‡bi cÖwZwU MÖvg
Zv‡`i Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v RvqMv wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| nu¨v, hw` Ggb †Kv‡bv eo MÖvg
_v‡K †hLv‡b c‡bi w`b Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ Kiv hvq, Zvn‡j †mLv‡b c‡bi w`‡bi wbqZ
Ki‡j gyKxg n‡q hv‡e|

258 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/279, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

142 `imyj wdK&n
‫ ﻓﺎﻟﺸﺮط ﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺪة اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎن واﺣﺪ ؛ ﻷن اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻗﺮار واﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻳﻀﺎدﻩ وﻻ ﺑﺪ‬: ‫وأﻣﺎ اﺗﺤﺎد اﻟﻤﻜﺎن‬
‫ إذا ﻧﻮى اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻴﻦ‬:‫ وإذا ﻋﺮف ﻫﺬا ﻓﻨﻘﻮل‬،‫ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﺼﺮا واﺣﺪا أو ﻗﺮﻳﺔ واﺣﺪة ﺻﺎر ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ؛ ﻷﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺘﺤﺪان ﺣﻜﻤﺎ‬
Òwbq‡Z BKvgv‡Zi ¯’vb GK nIqv| A_©vr GK¯’v‡bB c‡bi w`b ev Av‡iv †ewk mgq
Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ Kiv| myZivs Avgiv ej‡ev, †Kv‡bv gymvwdi hw` `yB RvqMvq c‡bi
w`b Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ K‡i, Avi GB `yÕwU RvqMv GKB kni ev GKB MÖv‡g nq, Zvn‡j
†m gyKxg n‡e| †Kbbv GB `yÕwU ¯’vb wfbœ †`Lv †M‡jI G‡¶‡Î GK ¯’vbB aiv
n‡e|Ó259
hw` gviKvh KZ…©K Ggb kni ev MÖv‡g RvgvÔAv‡Zi †ivL †`qv nq †hLv‡b †Kv‡bv
mv_xi IqvZ‡b Avmjx (g~j evm¯’vb) ev IqvZ‡b BKvgvZ (A¯’vqx evm¯’vb) Av‡Q,
Zvn‡j GB mv_x Zvi kni ev Mªv‡g cª‡ek KivgvÎ gyKxg n‡q hv‡e| Ge¨vcv‡i Bgvg
Avjx Avj-gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ
وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ  ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﻳﺴﺎﻓﺮون‬،‫وإذا دﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺮﻩ أﺗﻢ اﻟﺼﻼة وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻮ اﻟﻤﻘﺎم ﻓﻴﻪ‬
.‫وﻳﻌﻮدون إﻟﻰ أوﻃﺎﻧﻬﻢ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻋﺰم ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
Ògymvwdi hLb Zvi kn‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡e ZLb bvgvh c~Y© Ki‡e (KviY †m gyKxg n‡q
†M‡Q) hw`I †m Zvi kn‡i Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ bv K‡i| †Kbbv ivm~j I Zuvi
mvnvevMY mdi Ki‡Zb Avevi N‡i wd‡i Avm‡Zb, bZzb K‡i †Kv‡bv ai‡bi
BKvgv‡Zi wbqZ QvovB gyKxg n‡q †h‡Zb|Ó260
gwnjv‡`i mdi
gwnjv‡`i mdi wKsev BKvgv‡Zi wbqZ cyiæl‡`i Dci wbf©i Ki‡e| AZGe, Zviv
md‡ii wbqZ Ki‡j gwnjviv gymvwdi n‡e Avi BKvgv‡Zi wbqZ Ki‡j ZvivI gyKxg
n‡e| †Kbbv c~‡e©B D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q, mdi Ae¯’vq Abymvix Zvi Abym„‡Zi ûKz‡g
MY¨ n‡e|
‫ وﻣﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎرﻩ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ‬،‫ أن ﻣﻦ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻪ اﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻴﺎرﻩ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬:‫اﻷﺻﻞ‬
،‫ واﻟﺘﻠﻤﻴﺬ ﻣﻊ أﺳﺘﺎذﻩ‬،‫ واﻟﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻮﻻﻩ‬،‫ ﺣﺘﻰ أن اﻟﻤﺮأة إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻊ زوﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬،‫ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬
‫ ﻛﺬا‬،‫ ﻓﻬﺆﻻء ﻻ ﻳﺼﻴﺮون ﻣﻘﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ أﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ‬،‫ واﻟﺠﻨﺪي ﻣﻊ أﻣﻴﺮﻩ‬،‫واﻷﺟﻴﺮ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮﻩ‬
.‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ‬
Òg~jbxwZ: †h wb‡Ri B”Qvq BKvgv‡Zi ¶gZv iv‡L, †m wb‡Ri wbq‡ZB gyKxg n‡e|
Avi †h wb‡Ri B”Qvq BKvgv‡Zi ¶gZv iv‡L bv, †m wb‡Ri wbq‡Z gyKxg n‡e bv|

259 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 1/270, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

260 †n`vqv: 1/167, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 ZvejxMx md‡i, k¦ïivjq I wcÎvj‡q bvgvh 143
myZivs gwnjv hLb Zvi ¯^vgxi mv‡_ mdi Ki‡e, †Mvjvg Zvi gywb‡ei m‡½, QvÎ Zvi
D¯Ív‡`i m‡½, Kg©Pvix Zvi gvwj‡Ki m‡½ Ges ˆmb¨ †mbvcwZi m‡½ mdi Ki‡e,
ZLb Zviv wb‡R‡`i wbq‡Z gyKxg n‡e bv| GwUB Rv‡niæi †iIqvqv|Ó261
k¦ïi evwo‡Z RvgvZvi I wcÎvj‡q †g‡qi bvgvh
wdK‡ni wKZvevw`‡Z md‡ii Aa¨v‡q wZb cÖKvi ÔIqvZbÕ ev evm¯’v‡bi cwiPq cvIqv
hvq| 1. IqvZ‡b Avmjx (¯’vqx evm¯’vb)| 2. IqvZ‡b BKvgvZ (A¯’vqx evm¯’vb)| 3.
IqvZ‡b myKbv (mvgwqK Ae¯’v‡bi evm¯’vb)|
G wel‡qi c~Y© Av‡jvPbv †`L‡j †evSv hvq †h, GB bvg¸‡jv (GRvdx) A_©vr Av‡cw¶K
I Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e wbY©q Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_v, mdi Ae¯’vq GKw`b `yB w`b Gfv‡e 15
w`‡bi Kg †Kv_vI Ae¯’vb Ki‡j Zv‡K ÔIqvZ‡b myKbvÕ ejv nq| A_©vr †hLv‡b
wbZvšÍB cÖ‡qvR‡b Ae¯’vb Kiv n‡q _v‡K| `xN© mgq Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ †bB| Ggwbfv‡e
hw` 15 w`b Ae¯’v‡bi wbqZ bv K‡i GKw`b `yBw`b Ki‡Z Ki‡Z GK eQiI _vKv nq
ZeyI gymvwdi _vK‡e| KviY †m 15 w`b GK mv‡_ _vKvi wbqZ K‡iwb|
ÔIqvZ‡b GKvgZÕ Gi welqwUI †Zgwb| †KD †Kv_vI 15 w`b _vKvi wbqZ Ki‡j H
¯’vb Zvi Rb¨ ÔIqvZ‡b BKvgvZÕ n‡q hv‡e| BKvgvZ ejv n‡q‡Q †h‡nZz wbw`©ó mgq
ev †gqv` ch©šÍ †mLv‡b BKvgvZ ev Ae¯’vb Kiv n‡e| Avevi ÔAvmjxÕ ev ¯’vqx ejv
nqwb| †h‡nZz †m ¯’vqxfv‡e †mLv‡b _vKvi msKí K‡iwb| eis Zvi wbqZ n‡jv wbw`©ó
†gqv` DËxY© n‡j P‡j hvIqvi, _vKvi bq|
Avi ÔIqvZ‡b AvmjxÕ n‡jv †hLv‡b GKRb ¯’vqxfv‡e _vKvi wbqZ K‡i Ges ¯’vqxfv‡e
_vKvi Rb¨ e¨e¯’vcbvI MÖnY K‡i|
†gvUK_v †h †Kv‡bv e¨w³i ÔIqvZbÕ w¯’i nIqvi †¶‡Î Zvi Ae¯’v‡bi aib I cÖK…wZi
`Lj i‡q‡Q| G Rb¨ A‡b‡KB IqvZ‡b Avmjxi cwiP‡q ÔAe¯’vb Kiv I †mLvb †_‡K
¯’vbvšÍi bv nIqvÕi K_v D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻟﻴﺲ‬،‫ وﺗﻮﻃﻦ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ أﻫﻠﻪ ووﻟﺪﻩ‬،‫ أو ﺑﻠﺪة أﺧﺮى اﺗﺨﺬﻫﺎ دارا‬،‫ ﻫﻮ وﻃﻦ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪﺗﻪ‬:‫اﻟﻮﻃﻦ اﻷﺻﻠﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺼﺪﻩ اﻻرﺗﺤﺎل ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ اﻟﺘﻌﻴﺶ ﺑﻬﺎ‬
ÒIqvZ‡b Avmjx n‡jv, †Kv‡bv e¨w³i wbR kn‡ii Avevm¯’j, wKsev Ab¨ kn‡ii
Avevm¯’j †hUv †m Zvi mšÍvb-mšÍwZ I cwievi-cwiRb wb‡q ¯’vqxfv‡e emev‡mi Rb¨
MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Avi Zvi GLvb †_‡K P‡j hvIqviI B”Qv †bB| eis ¯’vqxfv‡e emev‡mi
B”Qv|Ó262
Zvn‡j eySv †M‡jv, IqvZ‡b Avmjxi Ab¨Zg kZ© n‡jv ¯’vqxfv‡e Ae¯’vb Kivi msKí
_vKv| Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, ¯’vqxfv‡e msKí Kivi A_© GB bq †h, †mLv‡b

261 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/201 `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ

262 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 2/239, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
144 `imyj wdK&n
¯^kix‡i _vK‡Z n‡e| eis †KD hw` `yB kn‡i weevn K‡i Ges `yB kn‡i `yB ¯¿x _v‡K
Zvn‡j †h‡nZz †m `yB kni‡KB wb‡Ri ¯’vqx wVKvbv g‡b K‡i Ges †Kv‡bv GK kni
†_‡K ¯’vbvšÍi nIqvi msKí AvcvZZ †bB ZvB Dfq kni Zvi Rb¨ IqvZ‡b Avmjx
n‡e| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻣﺎﺗﺖ زوﺟﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ إﺣﺪاﻫﻤﺎ وﺑﻘﻲ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ دور‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ أﻫﻞ ﺑﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ ﻓﺄﻳﺘﻬﻤﺎ دﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﺻﺎر ﻣﻘﻴﻤﺎ‬
.‫وﻋﻘﺎر ﻗﻴﻞ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ وﻃﻨﺎ ﻟﻪ إذ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻷﻫﻞ دون اﻟﺪار‬
Ò‡h e¨w³i `yB kn‡i `yBRb ¯¿x Av‡Q, †m †h kn‡iB cÖ‡ek Ki‡e gyKxg n‡q hv‡e|
hw` †Kv‡bv GK ¯¿x gviv hvq Avi †mB kn‡i Zvi Ni-evwo I Rwg _v‡K, Zvn‡j Kv‡iv
Kv‡iv g‡Z Zv Zvi IqvZb (evm¯’vb) wn‡m‡e evwK _vK‡e bv| KviY IqvZb (evm¯’vb)
nIqvi Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv ¯¿x _vKv, Ni evwo _vK ev bv _vK|Ó263
¯’vqxfv‡e Ae¯’v‡bi wKQz AvjvgZ
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg ¯’vqxfv‡e Ae¯’v‡bi mvaviYZ wZbwU AvjvgZ D‡jøL K‡i _v‡Kb|
1. ‫ ﺗﻮﻟﺪ‬Rb¥¯’vb| gvbyl †hLv‡b Rb¥MÖnY K‡i mvaviYZ †mLv‡b ¯’vqxfv‡e wcZv-gvZvi
mv‡_ _vKv nq| ZvB Rb¥¯’v‡b wcZv-gvZv _vK‡j †m cieZ©x‡Z Ab¨ evwo Ni Ki‡jI
wb‡Ri Rb¥¯’vb (†hLv‡b wcZv-gvZv _v‡Kb) Zv Zvi Rb¨ IqvZ‡b Avmjx wn‡m‡e evwK
_vK‡e| KviY wb‡Ri wcZv-gvZvi evwo‡K gvbyl wb‡Ri wVKvbv g‡b K‡i| myZivs
†Kv‡bv †g‡qi `~‡i †Kv_vI weevn n‡j Zvi Rb¥¯’vb ÔIqvZ‡b AvmjxÕ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e|
†h‡nZz Ab¨Î weevn n‡jI wbR wcZv-gvZvi evwo m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Z¨vM Kivi wbqZ _v‡K
bv| eis Avc‡`-wec‡` wbR wcZv-gvZvi evwo AvkÖq¯’j g‡b K‡i _v‡K| ZvB ¯^vgxi
evwo †_‡K wcZvi evwo‡Z G‡j gyKxg _vK‡e| Z‡e †Kv‡bv †Q‡j wbR Rb¥¯’vb
m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Z¨vM K‡i Ab¨Î wb‡Ri Avevm¯’j w¯’i Ki‡j Zvi Rb¥¯’vb IqvZ‡b Avmjx
wn‡m‡e Aewkó _vK‡e bv|
2. ‫¿¯^¯ ﺗﺄﻫﻞ‬xK Ae¯’vb| †KD †Kv_vI weevn K‡i †mLv‡b ¯¿x‡K ¯’vqxfv‡e ivL‡j wb‡Ri
wVKvbv g‡b K‡i| Ges ¯’vqx Avevm¯’‡ji b¨vq me ai‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv K‡i _v‡K|
Avjøvgv e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn. †n`vqvi Bevi‡Zi e¨vL¨vq G wel‡q mgKvjxb ÔDidÕ
m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-
.‫أﻣﺎ اﻟﻌﺮف ﻓﻸن اﻟﺰوج ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﺰوج ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﺎدة‬
ÒAvi mgv‡R G cÖPjb i‡q‡Q †h, ¯^vgx †h kn‡i we‡q K‡i mvaviYZ †mB kniB Zvi
emevm¯’j n‡q _v‡K|Ó264
G‡¶‡Î ¯^vgxi k¦ïi evwo‡Z me mgq Dcw¯’Z _vKv Riæix bq| ¯¿x‡K ¯’vqxfv‡e

263 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/131, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

264 Avj webvqv: 5/655, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; gvKZvev‡q bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`
 ZvejxMx md‡i, k¦ïivjq I wcÎvj‡q bvgvh 145
ivL‡jB k¦ïi evwo IqvZ‡b Avmjx MY¨ n‡e|265 ZvB hLb k¦ïi evwo‡Z hv‡e, ZLb
gyKxg n‡e| GQvovI ¯¿x‡K wb‡q Ab¨ †Kv_vI ¯’vqxfv‡e _vKvi B”Qv Ki‡j †mB ¯’vb
Zvi Rb¨ IqvZ‡b Avmjx n‡e|
3. ‫ ﺗﻮﻃﻦ‬evwo Kiv| †Kv_vI ¯’vqxfv‡e _vKvi Rb¨ evwo Ni Ki‡j H RvqMv Zvi Rb¨
IqvZ‡b Avmjx n‡e| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ أو ﺗﻮﻃﻨﻪ‬،‫ أو ﺗﺄﻫﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﻃﻦ وﻻدﺗﻪ‬:‫اﻟﻮﻃﻦ اﻷﺻﻠﻲ‬
ÒIqvZ‡b Avmjx n‡jv, Zvi Rb¥f~wg A_ev †h f~wg‡Z †m we‡q K‡i‡Q Zv †m ¯’vqx
¯’vb Avevmiƒ‡c MÖnY K‡i‡Q|Ó266
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q cwi®‹vi n‡q‡Q †h, ¯¿x ¯^vgxi evwo‡Z Ae¯’vb
Ki‡j ¯^vgxi evwo Zvi Rb¨ IqvZ‡b Avmjx n‡q hv‡e| †h‡nZz †m mvaviYZ †mLv‡bB
Ae¯’v‡bi msKí K‡i _v‡K| Avi BKvgvZ I md‡ii †¶‡Î ¯^vgxi AbyMvgx nIqvi
welq †Zv Av‡QB| Gi wecixZ hw` ¯^vgx k¦ïivj‡q hvq Avi ¯¿x †mLv‡b ¯’vqxfv‡e
Ae¯’vb bv K‡i, Zvn‡j k¦ïi evwo‡Z ¯^vgxi (md‡ii `~iZ¡ n‡j Ges c‡bi w`‡bi Kg
_vKvi wbqZ Ki‡j) Kmi Ki‡Z n‡e|267

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 13 iRe 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
03 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

‫( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻜﺮﻣﺔ ﺑﻦ إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﺎﻫﻠﻲ‬٣٥١) «‫( واﻟﻀﻴﺎء اﻟﻤﻘﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺎرة‬٤٤۳) «‫ أﺧﺮج اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬265
‫ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ذﺑﺎب ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻪ أن ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻔﺎن  ﺻﻠﻰ ﺑﻤﻨﻰ أرﺑﻊ رﻛﻌﺎت ﻓﺄﻧﻜﺮﻩ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻳﺎ أﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
.‫إﻧﻲ ﺗﺄﻫﻠﺖ ﺑﻤﻜﺔ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ وإﻧﻲ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻘﻮل ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﻫﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻠﺪ ﻓﻠﻴﺼﻞ ﺻﻼة اﻟﻤﻘﻴﻢ‬
266 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/131, GBP. Gg. mvC` KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
267 dvZvIqv‡q `viæj Dj~g †`Ie›`: 4/466, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
146

gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvnivg

gvIjvbv gvm~g wejøvn †gv‡gbkvnx
cyiæ‡li cvkvcvwk gwnjviI md‡ii cÖ‡qvRb nq| we‡kl K‡i n‡R¡i mdi| Avi
gwnjv‡`i ¯^fve-cÖK…wZi cÖwZ j¶¨ †i‡LB kixÔAvZ Zv‡`i md‡ii †¶‡Î we‡kl wKQz
wbqgbxwZ wba©viY K‡i w`‡q‡Q| hvi AbymiY †hfv‡e gwnjv‡`i wbivcËv wbwðZ K‡i,
†Zgwb me ai‡bi †dZbv-dvmv` †_‡KI †ndvR‡Z iv‡L| ZvB eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü gwnjv‡`i
mdi wb‡q wKQz Av‡jvPbv †ck Kiv n‡jv|
Z‡e g~j Av‡jvPbv ïiæ Kivi Av‡M md‡ii `~iZ¡ Ges gvniv‡gi cwiPq I cÖKvi Av‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡”Q|
md‡ii `~iZ¡
cÖvPxbKvj †_‡K md‡ii cÖavb `yÕwU c_ n‡jv ¯’jc_ I †bŠc_| GB `yB c‡_ wZbw`‡bi
`~iZ¡ n‡jv kiÔqx md‡ii `~iZ¡| A_©vr †KD hw` GB cwigvY `~i‡Z¡ mdi Kivi B”Qvq
wbR RbemwZ AwZµg K‡i, Zvn‡j †m gymvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Z‡e wZb w`b, wZb ivZ
cy‡iv mgq c_ Pjv kZ© bq; eis GKRb gvbyl ¯^vfvweK MwZ‡Z wbR cÖ‡qvRb cyiv K‡i
wZb w`b wZb iv‡Z hZUzKz c_ Pj‡Z cv‡i ZZUzKzB md‡ii `~iZ¡ wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| wb‡gœ
Gi we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv †ck Kiv n‡jv| Bgvg Aveyj evivKvZ Avb bvmvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻗﺼﺮ اﻟﻔﺮض اﻟﺮﺑﺎﻋﻲ‬،‫ﻣﻦ ﺟﺎوز ﺑﻴﻮت ﻣﺼﺮﻩ ﻣﺮﻳﺪا ﺳﻴﺮا وﺳﻄﺎ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم ﻓﻲ ﺑﺮ أو ﺑﺤﺮ أو ﺟﺒﻞ‬
Ò‡h e¨w³ ga¨g MwZ‡Z wZb w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ md‡ii wbqZ K‡i wbR kn‡ii RbemwZ
AwZµg K‡i †m Pvi ivKvÔAvZwewkó dih bvgvh `yB ivKvÔAvZ co‡e| †m mdi ¯’jc‡_
†nvK ev mgy`ªc‡_ wKsev cvnvwoc‡_|Ó268
dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z Av‡Q-
‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬،‫ وﻻ اﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺮ‬،‫وﻻ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬
.‫ ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻮﻫﺮة اﻟﻨﻴﺮة‬،‫ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ﺑﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬
Òmgy`ªc‡_ Pjvi Dci wfwË K‡i ¯’jc‡_i `~iZ¡ mve¨¯Í Kiv hv‡e bv| Ges ¯’jc‡_ Pjvi
Dci wfwË K‡i mgy`ªc‡_i `~iZ¡ mve¨¯Í Kiv hv‡e bv| cÖ‡Z¨K ¯’v‡bi `~iZ¡ w¯’i Kiv n‡e
Zvi wbR Ae¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i|Ó269
¯’jc_: ¯’jc‡_ wZb w`‡bi `~iZ¡ nj 48 gvBj|270 hv eZ©gv‡b 77 wK.wg. 248 wg.|
Z‡e mZ©KZvg~jK 78 wK‡jvwgUvi aiv nq|
cvnvwoc_: wZb w`b wZb ivZ cv‡q †nu‡U cvnvwo iv¯Ívq Pjvi Øviv gymvwdi n‡q hv‡e|
hw`I Zv 48 gvBj †_‡K Kg †nvK bv †Kb|271

268 Kvbhy` `vKv‡qK, evniæi iv‡q‡Ki bymLv: 2/225-230, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
269 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/198 `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
270 RvIqvwniæj wdKn, AvIRv‡b kiBq¨v Aa¨vq: 3/425-427, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
271 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/139, hvKvwiqv; dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 2/491, hvKvwiqv
 gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvnivg 147
†bŠc_: ¯^vfvweK AvenvIqvq mvaviY hvbevn‡b (†hgb BwÄbwenxb †bŠKv BZ¨vw`) b`x
c‡_ wZbw`‡b †h cwigvY `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kiv hvq H cwigvY `~iZ¡272 AwZµg Kivi
B”Qvq wbR kni ev MÖvg †_‡K †ei n‡j gymvwdi wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| hw`I H cwigvY `~iZ¡
†Kv‡bv `ªæZMvgx j ev ¯úxW-‡ev‡Ui gva¨‡g AwZµg Kiv hvq Av‡iv Aí mg‡q|273
AvKvkc_: AvKvkc‡_ wegv‡bi md‡i ¯’jc‡_i `~iZ¡B aiv n‡e| myZivs †KD hw`
AvKvkc‡_ 78 wK.wg. `~‡i mdi Kivi B”Qv K‡i, Zvn‡j wbR GjvKvi mxgv AwZµg
Kivi ci †m gymvwdi e‡j MY¨ n‡e| G `~iZ¡ hZ Aí mg‡q AwZµg KiæK bv †Kb|274
gvniv‡gi cwiPq
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. gvniv‡gi cwiPq Gfv‡e e¨³ K‡ib-
.‫واﻟﻤﺤﺮم ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻣﻨﺎﮐﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺘﺄﺑﻴﺪ ﺑﻘﺮاﺑﺔ أو رﺿﺎع أو ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺔ ﮐﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺤﻔﺔ‬
Ògvnivg ejv nq, hv‡`i m‡½ weevn wPiKv‡ji Rb¨ nvivg| Zv eskMZ m~‡Î †nvK,
`yacvb m~‡Î ev ˆeevwnK m~‡Î|Ó275
eskMZ m~‡Î gwnjv‡`i gvnivg
1. evev, `v`v, bvbv, ci`v`v, cibvbv Gfv‡e Ea¶©Zb wcZvMY|
2. cyÎ, cy‡Îi cyÎ I †g‡qi cyÎ| Gfv‡e Aa¯Íb cyÎMY|
3. Avcb fvB, ˆegv‡Îq fvB (evev GK, gv wfbœ) I ˆewc‡Îq fvB (gv GK, evev wfbœ)|
4. wcZvi Avcb fvB, Zvi ˆegv‡Îq fvB I ˆewc‡Îq fvB Ges wcZv-gvZv, `v`v-`v`x,
bvbv-bvbx Gfv‡e EaŸ©Zb gvnivg‡`i Avcb PvPvMYI gwnjvi gvnivg|
5. gv‡qi Avcb fvB, ˆegv‡Îq fvB I ˆewc‡Îq fvB Ges wcZv-gvZv, `v`v-`v`x, bvbv-
bvbx Gfv‡e EaŸ©Zb gvnivg‡`i Avcb gvgvMYI gwnjvi gvnivg|
6. Avcb fvB, ˆegv‡Îq fvB I ˆewc‡Îq fvB‡qi †Q‡j (fvwZRv)| fvwZRv-fvwZwRi
†Q‡j I Zvi †Q‡j| Gfv‡e Zv‡`i Aa¯Íb cyÎmšÍvbiv|
7. Avcb †evb, ˆegv‡Îq †evb I ˆewc‡Îq †ev‡bi †Q‡j (fvwMbv)| fvwMbv-fvwMbxi
†Q‡j| Gfv‡e Zv‡`i Aa¯Íb cyÎmšÍvbiv|
ˆeevwnK m~‡Î gwnjv‡`i gvnivg
1. ¯^vgxi wcZv A_©vr Avcb k¦ïi, Avcb `v`v k¦ïi, bvbv k¦ïi, ci`v`v k¦ïi| Gfv‡e
Zv‡`i EaŸ©Zb cyiælMY|
2. ¯^vgxi †Q‡j| A_©vr ¯^vgxi Ab¨ ¯¿xi mšÍvb| Abyiƒcfv‡e ¯^vgxi Ab¨ ¯¿xi Mf©RvZ
†g‡qi cyÎmšÍvbiv| Gfv‡e Zv‡`i Aa¶¯Íb cyÎmšÍvbiv|

1
272 AwfÁR‡bi Z_¨ Abyhvqx Rjc‡_ RvnvR mvaviYZ ga¨g MwZ‡Z N›Uvq 5 2 mvgyw`ªK gvBj AwZµg K‡i| myZivs
1
wZb w`‡b AwZµg Ki‡e- 72 N›Uv × 5 2 = 396 mvgyw`ªK gvBj| myZivs GwUB †bŠc‡_ kiqx md‡ii `~iZ¡|
we¯ÍvwiZ †`Lyb: Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv : 4/86|
273 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 2/229, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 2/491, gvKZvev‡q

hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
274 Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 4/82, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
275 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/464, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
148 `imyj wdK&n
3. JilRvZ †g‡qi ¯^vgx| Avcb bvZbxi ¯^vgx, Avcb bvZbxi †g‡qi ¯^vgx| Gfv‡e
Zv‡`i Aa¯Íb Kb¨vmšÍvb‡`i ¯^vgxMY|
4. mr wcZv| A_©vr †m hvi JilRvZ mšÍvb bq|276
`ya cv‡bi m~‡Î gvnivg
eskMZ m~‡Î †hmKj cyiæl gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ gvnivg nq, `ya cv‡bi m~‡ÎI †mmKj cyiæl
gwnjv‡`i gvnivg e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| †hgb- 1. `ya m¤úK©xq wcZvMY| 2. `ya m¤úK©xq
†Q‡jiv| 3. `ya m¤úK©xq fvB| 4. `ya m¤úK©xq PvPv| 5. `ya m¤úK©xq gvgv| 6. `ya
m¤úK©xq fvwZRv| 7. `ya m¤úK©xq fvwMbv|
nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻳﺤﺮم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺿﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺤﺮم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﻻدة‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~j Bikv` K‡i‡Qb, Rb¥ m¤úK© hv nvivg K‡i `ya m¤ú‡K©I Zv nvivg n‡e|Ó277
Avjøvgv gvngy` Avj~mx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻴﺠﻮز أن ﻳﺒﺪﻳﻦ زﻳﻨﺘﻬﻦ‬،‫ﺛﻢ إن اﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﺤﺔ ﻟﻺﺑﺪاء ﮐﻤﺎ ﺗﮑﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺐ ﺗﮑﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﺮﺿﺎع‬
.‫ﻵﺑﺎﺋﻬﻦ وأﺑﻨﺎﺋﻬﻦ ﻣﺜﻼً ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺿﺎع‬
ÒRb¥ m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y hv‡`i mv‡_ wPi¯’vqxfv‡e mv¶vr Kiv Rv‡qh, `ya m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡YI
Zv‡`i mv‡_ mv¶vr Kiv Rv‡qh| myZivs `ya m¤ú‡K©i wcZv I `ya m¤ú‡K©i mšÍv‡bi m‡½
mv¶vr Kiv ˆea n‡e|Ó278
gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvniv‡gi ¸iæZ¡
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv gwnjv‡`i mvwe©K wbivcËvi Rb¨ mn‡hvMx wn‡m‡e ¯^vgx ev gvnivg‡K
wbhy³ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb, hviv me©ve¯’vq Zvi wbivcËv I myi¶vi KvR AvÄvg w`‡e| ZvB
wbivcËvi LvwZ‡i gwnjv‡`i md‡i ¯^vgx ev gvniv‡gi Dcw¯’wZ‡K Avek¨K Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gwnjv‡`i md‡ii wbqg-bxwZ wel‡q A‡bK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, hv †_‡K †evSv hvq
†Kv‡bv gwnjvi md‡ii `~iZ¡ (78 wK.wg.) AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡j Zvi mv‡_ ¯^vgx ev gvnivg
_vKv Avek¨K|
nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻞ ﻻﻣﺮأة ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ واﻟﻴﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ أن ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﺳﻔﺮا ﻳﮑﻮن ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم ﻓﺼﺎﻋﺪا إﻻ وﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫أﺑﻮﻫﺎ أو اﺑﻨﻬﺎ أو زوﺟﻬﺎ أو أﺧﻮﻫﺎ أو ذو ﻣﺤﺮم ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, †h bvix Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Ges Av‡Liv‡Zi Dci Cgvb G‡b‡Q
Zvi Rb¨ wZb w`b ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk `~i‡Z¡ ¯^xq wcZv, †Q‡j, ¯^vgx, fvB ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv
gvnivg e¨ZxZ mdi Kiv ˆea n‡e bv|Ó279
nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-

276 m~iv b~i: 31

277 mnxn gymwjg: 1/466, nv`xm bs 1444; mnxn eyLvix: 2/764, nv`xm bs 5239
278 Zvdmx‡i iæûj gvÔAvbx: 10/143, gvKZvev‡q Gg`vw`qv, gyjZvb, cvwK¯Ívb
279 mnxn gymwjg: 1/434, nv`xm bs 1340
 gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvnivg 149
.‫ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮ اﻣﺮأة ﻓﻮق ﺛﻼث ﻟﻴﺎل إﻻ ﻣﻊ ذي ﻣﺤﺮم‬:‫أن ﻧﺒﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, †Kv‡bv gwnjv †hb wZb iv‡Zi †ewk `~i‡Z¡ gvnivg Qvov mdi
bv K‡i|Ó280
Avjøvgv dwi`yÏxb ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻻ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮ اﻟﻤﺮأة ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮم ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم ﻓﻤﺎ ﻓﻮﻗﻬﺎ‬
Ògwnjv wZb w`b (78 wK.wg.) ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk `~i‡Z¡ gvnivg e¨ZxZ mdi Ki‡e
bv|Ó281
kiÔqx md‡ii Kg `~i‡Z¡ gwnjv‡`i mdi
wZb w`b (78 wK.wg.) Gi Kg `~i‡Z¡ gwnjv‡`i gvnivg Qvov md‡ii e¨vcv‡iI nv`x‡m
wb‡lavÁv G‡m‡Q| nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮ اﻟﻤﺮأة ﻳﻮﻣﻴﻦ إﻻ وﻣﻌﻬﺎ زوﺟﻬﺎ أو ذو ﻣﺤﺮم‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, †Kv‡bv gwnjv †hb Zvi ¯^vgx wKsev †Kv‡bv gvnivg cyiæl Qvov
`yB w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ mdi bv K‡i|Ó282
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻞ ﻻﻣﺮأة ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ واﻟﻴﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻣﺴﻴﺮة ﻳﻮم وﻟﻴﻠﺔ إﻻ ﻣﻊ ذى ﻣﺤﺮم ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬: ‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, †h gwnjv wek¦vm iv‡L Avjøvni Dci Ges wePvi w`e‡mi Dci
Zvi Rb¨ gvnivg Qvov GK w`b GK iv‡Zi `~iZ¡ cwigvYI mdi Kiv Rv‡qh †bB|Ó283
GB eY©bv `yÕwU Ges Av‡iv GKwU eY©bv D‡jøL Kivi ci Bgvg evBnvKx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺳﺌﻞ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺮأة ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮم‬،‫وﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ واﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﻦ واﻟﻴﻮم ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬
.‫ ﻓﺄدى ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ‬،‫ ﻻ‬:‫ وﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻻ‬:‫ وﺳﺌﻞ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮم ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻻ‬:‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬
Ògwnjv‡`i gvnivg Qvov wZb w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡, `yB w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ I GK w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ mdi
Kivi wb‡lavÁv wel‡q †h †iIqv‡qZ G‡m‡Q G¸‡jv meB mnxn| ivm~jyjøvn †K
wRÁvmv Kiv n‡jv gwnjv‡`i wZb w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ gvnivg Qvov mdi Kiv cÖm‡½| ZLb
ivm~j ej‡jb, Zvi Rb¨ Zv Rv‡qh †bB| Gici wR‡Ám Kiv n‡jv, gwnjv‡`i
gvnivg Qvov `yB w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ mdi Kiv m¤ú‡K©| ZLbI ivm~j ej‡jb, Rv‡qh
†bB| me©‡kl GKw`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ gvnivg Qvov mdi Kiv m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv n‡j ej‡jb,
ZvI Rv‡qh †bB| ivex‡`i †h hZUzKz g‡b †i‡L‡Q Zv †iIqv‡qZ K‡i‡Q|Ó284
Z‡e †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bgvg we‡kl cÖ‡qvR‡b gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ wZb w`b A_©vr 78 wK.wg. Gi
†P‡q Kg `~i‡Z¡ gvnivg e¨ZxZ mdi Kiv Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb|
.‫ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم وﻟﻴﺎﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﺒﺎح ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﺮوج إﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ دوﻧﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮم‬:‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬

280 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 827

281 dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 18/245, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
282 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 1995; mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 827
283 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1339
284 Avm mybvbyj Kzeiv, evBnvKx: 3/139
150 `imyj wdK&n
Òmd‡ii `~iZ¡ n‡jv wZb w`b wZb iv‡Zi c_ A_©vr 78 wK.wg.| Z‡e gwnjv‡`i Rb¨
we‡kl cÖ‡qvR‡b wZb w`b (78 wK.wg.) Gi Kg `~i‡Z¡ gvnivg Qvov mdi Kiv ˆea
Av‡Q|Ó285
wKš‘ eZ©gvb we‡k¦i mvwe©K cwiw¯’wZi Pig AebwZi Kvi‡Y †hLv‡b gvby‡li Rvb-gvj I
B¾Z-Aveiæi b~¨bZg †Kv‡bv wbðqZv †bB, †hLv‡b GKRb cyiæ‡li GKvwK †Kv_vI †ei
n‡Z eyK †Ku‡c D‡V, †mLv‡b GKRb bvix GKvwK md‡i †ei n‡j Kxfv‡e Zvi B¾Z-
Aveiæ I mZx‡Z¡i wbðqZv cv‡e? ZvB Ijvgv‡q †Kivg Kg `~i‡Z¡I gvnivg Qvov
gwnjv‡`i mdi Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx| hw`I 48 gvBj †_‡K
Kg `~i‡Z¡ †nvK bv †Kb| Gi DciB dvZIqv †m gwnjv hyeZx †nvK ev e„×v| Avjøvgv
kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫وروي ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ وأﺑﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ رﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﮐﺮاﻫﺔ ﺧﺮوﺟﻬﺎ وﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺴﻴﺮة ﻳﻮم واﺣﺪ وﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﮑﻮن‬
.‫اﻟﻔﺘﻮى ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻔﺴﺎد اﻟﺰﻣﺎن‬
ÒBgvg Avey nvbxdv I Avey BDmyd ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z Av‡Q, GKw`b GK ivZ cwigvY
`~i‡Z¡I gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ GKvwK mdi Kiv gvKiƒn| Ges hvgvbv Lvivc nIqvi Kvi‡Y Gi
DciB dvZIqv nIqv DwPZ|Ó286
md‡i †Kvb ai‡bi gvnivg _vK‡Z n‡e
gvnivg mv‡_ _vKvi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv gwnjvi mn‡hvwMZv I wbivcËv| bvev‡jM ev cvM‡ji
Øviv Zv m¤¢e bq| Kv‡RB bvev‡jM ev cvMj‡K mv‡_ wb‡q wZb w`‡bi †ewk `~i‡Z¡i mdi
Kiv ˆea n‡e bv| Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫وﻟﻬﺎ أن ﺗﺨﺮج ﻣﻊ ﮐﻞ ﻣﺤﺮم ﺳﻮاء ﮐﺎن ﺑﻨﺴﺐ أو رﺿﺎع أو ﺻﻬﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ أو ﮐﺎﻓﺮا أو ﻋﺒﺪا إﻻ أن ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺣﻞ‬
.‫ﻣﻨﺎﮐﺤﺘﻬﺎ ﮐﺎﻟﻤﺠﻮﺳﻲ أو ﻳﮑﻮن ﻓﺎﺳﻘﺎ إذ ﻻ ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻪ اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ أو ﺻﺒﻴﺎ‬
Ògwnjv‡`i Rb¨ †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi gvniv‡gi mv‡_ mdi Kiv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| †m eskMZ,
`y»cvb ev ˆeevwnK m~‡Î †nvK| wKsev gymjgvb, Kv‡di ev †Mvjvg †nvK| Z‡e †h gvnivg
H gwnjv‡K weevn Kiv nvjvj g‡b K‡i; †hgb g~wZ©c~Rvix wKsev gvnivg hw` dv‡mK nq,
hvi mv‡_ mdi Ki‡j gwnjv wdZbvq covi Avk¼v _v‡K, Zvn‡j Ggb gvniv‡gi mv‡_
mdi Kiv ˆea n‡e bv| Z`ªƒc hw` gvnivg bvev‡jM nq|Ó287
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫وﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﺒﻲ اﻟﺬي ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﺘﻠﻢ واﻟﻤﺠﻨﻮن اﻟﺬي ﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﻖ أﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺎ ﺑﻤﺤﺮﻣﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺄﺗﻰ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
.‫ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ‬
Òbvev‡jM Ges cvMj md‡ii g‡a¨ gwnjvi Rb¨ gvnivg n‡e bv| †Kbbv Zv‡`i Øviv
gwnjvi †ndvRZ m¤¢e bq|Ó288

285 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/465, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

286 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/465, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
287 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/428, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
288 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/300, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvnivg 151
ZvB gvnivg mv‡_ ivL‡Z n‡e wVK, Z‡e †`L‡Z n‡e gvnivg ivLvi †h g~j D‡Ïk¨ Zv
c~iY n‡”Q wK bv| †h‡nZz dzKvnv‡q †Kivg we‡kl we‡ePbv K‡i w¯’i K‡i‡Qb †h, gvniv‡gi
D‡Ïk¨ ev‡jM I eySgvb cyiæl ØvivB c~iY nIqv m¤¢e| ZvB bvev‡jM I wb‡e©va ev
cvMj‡K wb‡q †Kv‡bv gwnjv mdi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| †KD †KD Aek¨ ev‡j‡Mi
wbKUeZ©x‡KI ev‡j‡Mi AšÍf©y³ K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e Gi e¨wZµg n‡j wewfbœ ai‡bi mgm¨vi
m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq Ges cÖwZwbqZ Zv n‡”Q|
bvix‡`i n‡R¡i mdi
n‡R¡i mdi hw` wZb w`b (A_©vr 78 wK.wg.) Gi `~i‡Z¡ nq, Zvn‡j gwnjv‡`i nR¡ dih
nIqvi Rb¨ Avw_©K ¯^”QjZvi mv‡_ mv‡_ gvnivg _vKvI Avek¨K|
nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل ﻻ ﺗﺤﺠﻦ اﻣﺮأة إﻻ وﻣﻌﻬﺎ ذو ﻣﺤﺮم‬
Ò ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, †Kv‡bv gwnjv †hb gvnivg Qvov nR¡ bv K‡i|Ó289
G RvZxq Av‡iv nv`xm Avgiv c~‡e© D‡jøL K‡i G‡mwQ| GwU GKwU kiÔqx g~jbxwZi gvb
iv‡L †Kv‡bv gwnjv †hb ¯^vgx ev gvnivg Qvov mdi bv K‡i| GwU GKwU e¨vcK g~jbxwZ|
ZvB me©‡¶‡Î Gi Dci Avgj nIqv DwPZ| KviY ivm~jyjøvn Gi †h K_v¸‡jv
g~jbxwZi ch©v‡q Zv kiÔqx ûKz‡gi †¶‡Î mwe‡kl ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Avi ¯^Ztwm× K_v n‡jv,
g~jbxwZ m¤^wjZ nv`xm¸‡jvi wecixZ wew”Qbœ †Kv‡bv NUbv Ab¨ nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡j g~jbxwZ
m¤^wjZ nv`xmwU cÖvavb¨ †c‡q _v‡K| Avi G‡¶‡Î dzKvnv‡q †Kivg mvaviYZ mywbw`©ó
NUbv m¤^wjZ nv`xm‡K g~jbxwZ m¤^wjZ nv`x‡mi AbyK~‡j e¨vL¨v K‡i _v‡Kb| Avgv‡`i
Av‡jvP¨ wel‡qI DwjøwLZ nv`xmwU g~jbxwZ ch©v‡qi| ZvB Gi wecixZ †Kv‡bv mywbw`©ó
NUbv m¤^wjZ nv`xm _vK‡j (hv Av`x Be‡b nv‡Zg ivwh. m~‡Î mvg‡b D‡jøL Kiv n‡e) Zv
g~jbxwZi AbyK~‡j e¨vL¨v Kiv hyw³hy³|
GQvov ivm~j gwnjv‡`i‡K GKvwK n‡R¡i md‡i hvIqvi wb‡`©k †`bwb| eis wKQz
nv`xm †_‡K Zvi e¨wZµg eySv hvq| †hgb Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi nv`x‡m R‰bK e¨w³‡K
ivm~j ¯¿xi mv‡_ n‡R¡ hvIqvi wb‡`©k w`‡q G K_vB eywS‡q‡Qb †h, gwnjv‡`i GKvKx
n‡R¡i md‡i hvIqvi AbygwZ †bB| nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل‬:‫ ﻻ ﻳﺨﻠﻮن رﺟﻞ ﺑﺎﻣﺮأة وﻻ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮن اﻣﺮأة إﻻ وﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺮم ﻓﻘﺎم رﺟﻞ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫أﻧﻪ ﺳﻤﻊ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﻘﻮل‬
.‫ اذﻫﺐ ﻓﺤﺞ ﻣﻊ اﻣﺮأﺗﻚ‬:‫اﻟﻠﻪ! اﻛﺘﺘﺒﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺰوة ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا وﺧﺮﺟﺖ اﻣﺮأﺗﻲ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, gwnjvi m‡½ hw` gvnivg bv _v‡K GgZve¯’vq †Kv‡bv cyiæl †hb
†mB gwnjvi m‡½ wbR©bevm bv K‡i Ges G Ae¯’vq †m †hb mdiI bv K‡i| ZLb GK
mvnvex `uvwo‡q AviR Ki‡jb, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avwg †Zv AgyK hy‡× bvg wjwL‡qwQ, A_P
Avgvi ¯¿x n‡R¡i md‡i †ewi‡q †M‡Q| ZLb ivm~j Zv‡K ej‡jb, Zzwg `ªæZ hvI
Ges †Zvgvi ¯¿xi m‡½ nR¡ Av`vq Ki|Ó 290

289 mnxn eyLvix: 2/147

290 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 3006
152 `imyj wdK&n
Bgvg Avey eKi Rvmmvm ivn. nv`xmwU D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
.‫ﻓﺮض اﻟﺤﺞ‬
َ ‫ ﻓﻴُﺴﻘﻂ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻟﻴﺤﺞ ﻣﻊ اﻣﺮأﺗﻪ‬،‫ وﻫﻮ ﻓﺮض‬،‫ﻓﺄﻣﺮﻩ ﺑﺘﺮك اﻟﻐﺰو‬
ÒGLv‡b ivm~j mvnvex‡K hy× †Q‡o Zvi ¯¿xi m‡½ nR¡ cvj‡bi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb,
A_P hy×UvI dih wQ‡jv| †hb Zvi ¯¿xi dih nR¡ Av`vq n‡q hvq|Ó291
nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
،‫ ﻻ‬:‫ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺮم؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬:‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إن اﺑﻨﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ أن ﺗﺤﺞ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﺟﺎءت اﻣﺮأة إﻟﻰ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬
ِّ :‫ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ ﺛﻢ ﻟﺘﺤﺞ‬،‫ﻓﺰوﺟﻴﻬﺎ‬
ÒGKRb gwnjv ivm~j Gi Kv‡Q G‡m ejj, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avgvi †g‡q nR¡ Ki‡Z
Pv‡”Q| ivm~jyjøvn wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Zvi wK †Kv‡bv gvnivg cyiæl Av‡Q? †m DËi
Kij, bv| ZLb ivm~j ej‡jb, Zv‡K we‡q w`‡q `vI| Gici †hb †m (Zvi ¯^vgxi
m‡½) nR¡ Av`vq K‡i|Ó292
GQvovI ivm~j we`vq nR¡ †kl K‡i ¯¿x‡`i‡K mdi bv K‡i N‡i Ae¯’vb Kivi K_v
e‡j‡Qb| †hgb nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺛﻢ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﺤﺼﺮ‬: ‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻷزواﺟﻪ ﻓﻰ ﺣﺠﺔ اﻟﻮداع‬
Òivm~j we`vq n‡R¡ Zuvi ¯¿x‡`i‡K ej‡jb, GUvB †kl nR¡| Gici N‡i Ae¯’vb
Ki‡e|Ó 293

G nv`xm¸‡jv †_‡K †evSv †M‡jv †h, ivm~j gwnjv‡`i‡K gvnivg Qvov n‡R¡i mdi
Ki‡Z AbygwZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Zb bv| Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎن أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‬، ‫ﺛﻢ اﻟﻤﺤﺮم أو اﻟﺰوج إﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﺘﺮط إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺮأة وﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻜﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم ﻓﺼﺎﻋﺪا‬
.‫ وﻣﺎ دون ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺴﻔﺮ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺤﺮم‬،‫ﺣﺠﺖ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮم ؛ ﻷن اﻟﻤﺤﺮم ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ﻟﻠﺴﻔﺮ‬
Ògwnjvi m‡½ n‡R¡i md‡i †Kv‡bv gvnivg ev Zvi ¯^vgx _vKv ZLbB kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q
hLb n‡R¡i mdi wZb w`b (78 wK.wg.) wKsev Zvi †ewk `~i‡Z¡ n‡e| myZivs `~iZ¡ hw`
wZb w`‡bi Kg nq, Zvn‡j gvnivg QvovB †m nR¡ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| †Kbbv gvnivg †Zv kZ©
Kiv n‡q‡Q md‡ii Rb¨| Avi `~iZ¡ hw` wZb w`‡bi Kg nq, Zvn‡j †mUv‡K kiÔqx mdi
aiv nq bv| myZivs G‡¶‡Î gvnivg _vKvI kZ© bq|Ó294
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ﺛﻢ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺬﻫﺐ إﺑﺎﺣﺔ ﺧﺮوﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ دون اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮم ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺰوج ﻣﻨﻌﻬﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ وﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻜﺔ أﻗﻞ‬
.‫ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم إذا ﻟﻢ ﺗﺠﺪ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎ‬
ÒwZb w`‡bi (78 wK.wg.) Kg `~i‡Z¡ †h‡nZz gvnivg Qvov mdi Kiv Rv‡qh myZivs n‡R¡i
md‡i hw` †Kv‡bv gvnivg bv cvq, Zvn‡j ¯^vgxi Rb¨ Zvi ¯¿x‡K n‡R¡i md‡i †h‡Z evav

291 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 2/484, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

292 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 2/485, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
293 Avm mybvbyj Kzeiv, evBnvKx: nv`xm bs 10143 (‫)ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺮأة ﺗﻨﻬﻰ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺮم‬

294 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/300, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvnivg 153
†`qv Rv‡qh †bB|Ó295
¯^vgx ev gvnivg e¨ZxZ gwnjv‡`i n‡R¡ Mgb Kiv bvRv‡qh| Gici hw` †Kv‡bv gwnjv
gvnivg e¨ZxZ nR¡ Av`vq K‡i, Zvn‡j dih nR¡ Av`vq n‡q hv‡e e‡U| Z‡e gvKiƒ‡n
Zvnixgx n‡e| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ اﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻤﺔ‬:‫وﻟﻮﺣﺠﺖ ﺑﻼ ﻣﺤﺮم ﺟﺎز ﻣﻊ اﻟﮑﺮاﻫﺔ أي‬
Ògwnjv hw` gvnivg e¨ZxZ nR¡ K‡i Zvn‡j gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgxi mv‡_ Av`vq n‡q
hv‡e|Ó296
gvnivg e¨ZxZ gwnjv RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ nR¡
md‡i gvniv‡gi f~wgKv I `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© c~‡e© hv Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K G welqwU
cwi®‹vi n‡q‡Q †h, mdi hw` wZb w`‡bi `~i‡Z¡ (78 wK.wg.) nq, Zvn‡j †Kv‡bv cyiæl
gvnivg Qvov gwnjvi Rb¨ n‡R¡i md‡i Mgb Kiv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wbwl× I ¸bv‡ni KvR, hv
GKwU kiÔqx g~jbxwZ| Dciš‘ G Ae¯’vq Zvi Dci nR¡ IqvwReB nq bv| GgbwK hw`
†Kv‡bv Øxb`vi wek¦¯Í gwnjv RvgvÔAv‡Zi m‡½ mdi K‡i ZeyI gvnivg Qvov Rv‡qh n‡e
bv| †Kbbv G e¨vcv‡i nv`x‡m K‡Vvi wb‡lavÁv G‡m‡Q| Zv Qvov gwnjvi m‡½ cyiæl
gvnivg _vKvi †h D‡Ïk¨ Zv gwnjv‡`i Øviv nvwmj nq bv|
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bgvg G gZ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb †h, hw` Ggb GKwU gwnjv RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_
nR¡ K‡i hviv dQKv A_©vr MÖnY‡hvM¨ Øxb`vi ci‡nRMvi wek¦¯Í| hv‡`i †_‡K wdZbv
nIqvi †Kv‡bv Avk¼v †bB| Zvn‡j gvnivg QvovB Zvi Dci nR¡ IqvwRe n‡e| Zviv
wb‡gœv³ nv`xm w`‡q `jxj †ck K‡i _v‡Kb|
Av`x Be‡b nv‡Zg ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻃﺎﻟﺖ‬:‫ ﻟﻢ أرﻫﺎ وﻗﺪ أﻧﺒﺌﺖ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻳﺎ ﻋﺪي ﻫﻞ رأﻳﺖ اﻟﺤﻴﺮة ﻗﻠﺖ‬...
‫ﻗﺎل ﺑﻴﻨﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﺪي ﻓﺮأﻳﺖ‬...‫ﺑﻚ ﺣﻴﺎة ﻟﺘﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﻈﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﺮة ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻄﻮف ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺨﺎف أﺣﺪا إﻻ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫اﻟﻈﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﺮة ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻄﻮف ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺨﺎف إﻻ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
ÒAvwg GK`v ivm~j Gi Kv‡Q wQjvg| wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg wK wniv bvgK RvqMv
†`‡LQ? Avwg ejjvg, †`wLwb Z‡e D³ RvqMv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv Av‡Q| ZLb ivm~j
ej‡jb, Zzwg hw` `xN©vqy nI, Zvn‡j Aek¨B †`L‡e wniv bvgK RvqMv †_‡K cvjwK‡Z
ågYKvix bvix evBZzjøvni ZvIqvd ev whqviZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ mdi Ki‡e| wKš‘ †m Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv e¨ZxZ KvD‡K fq Ki‡e bv| nhiZ Av`x ivwh. e‡jb, Avwg cvjwK‡Z ågYKvix
bvix‡K †`‡LwQ †h wniv bvgK RvqMv †_‡K ågb K‡i Kvev kixd ZvIqvd K‡i †M‡Q|
wKš‘ Zvi g‡a¨ Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv f‡qi Qvc wQj bv|Ó297
e¯‘Z G nv`xm Øviv Ggb GK hvgvbvi mymsev` †`qv D‡Ïk¨ †h hvgvbvq gvbyl m‡e©v”P
wbivc‡` emevm Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GgbwK gwnjviv GKvKx mdi Ki‡e m¤ú~Y© wbivc‡` I

295 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/428, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

296 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/465, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
297 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 3595
154 `imyj wdK&n
wbf©vebvq| B¾Z-Aveiæi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv k¼vI _vK‡e bv|
Avi hw` nv`x‡mi e¨vcKZvi Dci Avgj Kiv nq, Zvn‡j †h †Kv‡bv gwnjv GKvKx nR¡
Kivi AwaKvi iv‡L| KviY GLv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q GKRb bvix mdi K‡i nR¡ Ki‡e|
wbf©i‡hvM¨ RvgvÔAv‡Zi K_v †bB| A_P hviv Rv‡qh g‡b K‡ib Zviv wbf©i‡hvM¨
RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ Kivi kZ©hy³ K‡ib, Zvn‡j G nv`xm Zv‡`i c‡¶i `jxj nq Kxfv‡e?
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺑﻞ ﺑﻴﺎن اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻷﻣﻦ وﻟﻮ‬،‫واﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﺪي ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﺗﻢ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺎن ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﺨﺮوج ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ وﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﻪ‬
.‫ﮐﺎن ﻣﻔﻴﺪا ﻟﻺﺑﺎﺣﺔ ﮐﺎ ن ﻧﻘﻴﺾ ﻗﻮﻟﻬﻢ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺒﻴﺢ اﻟﺨﺮوج ﺑﻼ رﻓﻘﺔ وﻧﺴﺎء ﺛﻘﺎت‬
ÒAv`x Be‡b nv‡Zg ivwh. Gi nv`x‡mi Reve n‡jv, DwjøwLZ nv`x‡m gwnjv‡`i gvnivg
e¨ZxZ md‡i †ei nIqvi ûKzg eY©bv Kiv D‡Ïk¨ bq Ges Zv cÖgvwYZI nq bv; eis
gvby‡li e¨vcK wbivcËvi K_v D‡jøL Kiv D‡Ïk¨| hw` gwnjv‡`i gvnivg e¨ZxZ md‡i
†ei nIqv Rv‡qh †g‡b †bqv nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡`i K_v evwZj n‡q hvq| KviY ZLb †Zv
gwnjviv gvnivg Ges gwnjv‡`i wek¦¯Í RvgvZ e¨ZxZ GKvwK †ei nIqv Rv‡qh cÖgvwYZ
nq|Ó298
†gvUK_v, G‡¶‡Î DwjøwLZ g~jbxwZB ejer _vK‡e| hv GKvwaK nv`xm I mvnvev ivn.
Gi Avgj Øviv cÖgvwYZ| Gi e¨wZµg NUbv‡K g~jbxwZi AbyK~‡j e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡e|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
08 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

298 dvZûj K`xi: 2/427, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 gwnjv‡`i md‡i gvnivg 155

Aa¨vq: hvKvZ
156

hvKvZ, wdZ&iv, nR¡ I Kzievbxi †bmve

gvIjvbv Avey mv‡jn gynv¤§`yjøvn Kzwgjøv
nR¡, hvKvZ, wdZiv I Kzievbx Bmjv‡gi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weavb, Avw_©K Bev`Z| ZvB hv‡`i
m¤ú` Av‡Q Zv‡`i Rb¨ Acwinvh©| Z‡e cÖ‡Z¨K m¤ú`kvjxi Dci mgvbfv‡e
Acwinvh© bq| Gi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q m¤ú‡`i wbw`©ó mxgv‡iLv I wba©vwiZ cwigvY, hvi Dci
wbf©i K‡i Dc‡iv³ cÖwZwU Bev`‡Zi Acwinvh©Zv| wb‡gœ Zvi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY †`qv
n‡jv|
†bmv‡ei cwiPq
†bmve (‫ )ﻧﺼﺎب‬kãwU Aviex| A_©- Avmj Ae¯’v ev cÖZ¨veZ©b ¯’j|
cÖev` Av‡Q- ‫ رﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺮ إﻟﻰ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﻪ‬welqwU Zvi Avmj Ae¯’vq wd‡i †M‡Q| hvKvZ, wdZ&iv,
nR¡ I Kzievbx GRvZxq ‫ ﻋﺒﺎدة ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ev Avw_©K Bev`‡Zi †¶‡Î †bmve ej‡Z G cwigvY
A_©-m¤ú` †evSv‡bv nq, †h cwigvY A_© _vK‡j D³ Bev`Z¸‡jv Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe
nq|
:‫ وﺷﺮﻋﺎ‬.‫ رﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺮ إﻟﻰ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﻪ‬:‫ اﻷﺻﻞ واﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ وﻳﻘﺎل‬:‫ اﻟﻨﺼﺎب ﺑﻜﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﻮن‬:«‫ﺟﺎء ﻓﻲ »ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﻟﻐﺔ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء‬
(٤٨ :‫ )ﻣﻌﺠﻢ ﻟﻐﺔ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء‬.‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪار اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ وﻣﻨﻪ ﻧﺼﺎب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻧﺼﺎب اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬
†bmv‡ei cÖKvi‡f`
Avjøvgv Avn&g` AvZ& ZvnZvex ivn. †bmv‡ei cÖKvi‡f` cÖm‡½ e‡jb-
.‫ ﻧﺼﺎب ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻤﺎء وﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة وﺳﺎﺋﺮ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎل اﻟﻨﺎﻣﻲ‬: ‫اﻋﻠﻢ أن اﻟﻨﺼﺐ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬
‫ وﻻ‬.‫ وﻧﻔﻘﺔ اﻷﻗﺎرب‬،‫ وﺻﺪﻗﺔ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ‬،‫ ووﺟﻮب اﻷﺿﺤﻴﺔ‬،‫ ﺣﺮﻣﺔ اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ‬: ‫وﻧﺼﺎب ﺗﺠﺐ ﺑﻪ أﺣﻜﺎم أرﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫ وﻧﺼﺎب ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻣﺔ اﻟﺴﺆال وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻗﻮت‬.‫ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺠﺎرة وﻻ ﺣﻮﻻن اﻟﺤﻮل‬
.‫ وﻗﺎل ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻫﻮ أن ﻳﻤﻠﻚ ﺧﻤﺴﻴﻦ درﻫﻤﺎ‬.‫ﻳﻮﻣﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
Ò†bmve wZb cÖKvi| GK. Ggb †bmve hv‡Z ea©bkxjZv (‫ )ﻧﻤﺎء‬kZ©| e¯‘Z D³
†bmv‡ei mv‡_B hvKvZ I ea©bkxj m¤ú` m¤úK©xq hveZxq wewaweavb m¤ú„³| `yB.
Ggb †bmve hv‡Z Pvi ai‡bi weavb IqvwRe nq| (K) Q`Kv MÖnY nvivg nIqv| (L)
Kzievbx IqvwRe nIqv| (M) wdZ&iv IqvwRe nIqv| (N) cwievify³ †jvKRb I
AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb‡`i fiY-‡cvlY IqvwRe nIqv| GB †bmv‡ei †¶‡Î m¤ú` ea©bkxj
nIqv Ges eQi AwZevwnZ nIqv kZ© bq| wZb. Ggb †bmve hv Øviv A‡b¨i Kv‡Q
wf¶v Kiv A‰ea mve¨¯Í nq| Avi GB †bmv‡ei cwigvY n‡jv, GKw`‡bi Pjvi gZ
Avnvh© _vKv| Avevi †KD e‡jb, Gi cwigvY n‡jv cÂvk w`invg (hv †Zvjv wn‡m‡e
 hvKvZ, wdZ&iv, nR¡ I Kzievbxi †bmve 157
13 †Zvjv GK gvkv Pvi iwZ nq|)299
hvKvZ
hvKv‡Zi cwiPq
hvKvZ kãwU eiKZ, ea©bkxjZv, cweÎZv, cÖksmv cÖfw… Z A‡_© e¨envi n‡q _v‡K|
Avi cwifvlvq hvKv‡Zi msÁv Gfv‡e Kiv n‡q‡Q-
‫اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻫﻲ ﺗﻤﻠﻴﻚ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎل ﻋﻴﻨﻪ اﻟﺸﺎرع ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﻘﻴﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻫﺎﺷﻤﻲ وﻻ ﻣﻮﻟﻰ ﻟﻬﺎﺷﻤﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻗﻄﻊ‬
.‫اﻟﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ وﺟﻪ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
ÒkixÔAvZ KZ©K „ wba©vwiZ m¤ú‡`i GKwU Ask nv‡kgx wKsev Z`xq †Mvjvg e¨ZxZ
Ab¨ †Kv‡bv `wi`ª gymjgvb‡K Avjøvni mš‘wói D‡Ï‡k¨ Ggbfv‡e gvwjK evwb‡q †`qv,
hv‡Z hvKvZ cÖ`vbKvixi Rb¨ D³ m¤ú` †_‡K DcK…Z nIqvi my‡hvM bv _v‡K|Ó300
hvKv‡Zi †bmve
Pvi ai‡bi e¯‘ hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡e wnmve Kiv nq| h_v- GK. †mvbv ev iƒcv| `yB.
e¨emvwqK cY¨| wZb. Ggb Mevw` cï †h¸‡jv eQ‡ii AwaKvsk mgq gvwj‡Ki `vbv-
cvwb QvovB cÖwZcvwjZ nq| Pvi. mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcv A_ev mv‡o mvZ †Zvjv
†mvbvi g~j¨ cwigvY UvKv|
†h‡nZz hvKv‡Zi †bmve wba©vi‡Yi †¶‡Î †mvbv-iƒcv gvb`‡Ði f~wgKv iv‡L, Mevw` cï
Qvov Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv m¤ú‡`i †bmve w¯’i Kiv nq †mvbv-iƒcvi g~‡j¨i mv‡_ wgj K‡i,
ZvB †mvbv-iƒcvi welqwU wb‡gœ mwe¯Ív‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
†mvbv-iƒcvi †bmve
hw` †KD mv‡o mvZ fwi †mvbv ev mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcv A_ev Gi Øviv ˆZix
AjsKvi, cvÎ ev G RvZxq Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wRwb‡mi gvwjK nq ZLb Zvi Dci kZKiv
2.50% nv‡i Z_v Pwjøk fv‡Mi GK fvM hvKvZ IqvwRe nq|
†mvbv-iƒcvi hvKvZ cÖm‡½ nhiZ Avjx ivwh. ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ دراﻫﻢ وﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺷﻲء ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ‬،‫ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﻚ ﻣﺎﺋﺘﺎ درﻫﻢ وﺣﺎل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﻮل‬... :‫ﻗﺎل‬
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﻚ ﻋﺸﺮون دﻳﻨﺎرا وﺣﺎل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﻮل ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ‬.‫اﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮن ذﻟﻚ ﻋﺸﺮون دﻳﻨﺎرا‬
301.‫دﻳﻨﺎر‬

299 nvwkqvZzZ ZvnZvex Avjv gvivwKj dvjvn : 723

300 Avj Kvg~myj wdKnx: 159, B`vivZzj KzbAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
.‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ أﺑﻮ داود ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد رﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬301
158 `imyj wdK&n
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, hLb †Zvgvi `yBkZ w`invg _vK‡e Ges Gi Dci GK eQi
AwZevwnZ n‡e| ZLb Zv‡Z cvuP w`invg hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| Avi †Zvgvi ¯^‡Y©i
cwigvY hZ¶Y ch©šÍ wek `xbvi bv n‡e, ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ †Zvgvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe
n‡e bv| myZivs hLb †Zvgvi wek `xbvi AwR©Z n‡q hv‡e Ges Gi Dci GK eQi
AwZevwnZ n‡e| ZLb Zv‡Z Avav `xbvi hvKvZ Avm‡e|Ó302
w`invg I wgQKv‡ji wnmve
GK_v me©m¤§Z †h, iƒcvi †bmve `yBkZ w`invg| Avi M‡elYv Øviv GK_v cÖgvwYZ
†h, GK w`inv‡gi IRb 3 gvkv GK iwZ I GK iwZi 5 fv‡Mi GK fvM| GLb
wnmve Ki‡j ¯úó n‡q hvq †h, iƒcvi †bmve 52 †Zvjv 6 gvkv, Z_v mv‡o evqvbœ
†Zvjv|
Abyiƒcfv‡e GK_vI me©m¤§Z †h, †mvbvi †bmve 20 wgQKvj| Avi M‡elYv Øviv
cÖgvwYZ †h, GK wgQKv‡ji IRb mv‡o Pvi gvkv| ZvB †Zvjv wnmv‡e ¯^‡Y©i †bmve
n‡e mv‡o 7 †Zvjv, †hgbwU ·qv`k kZvãxi Ijvgv‡q †Kivg wj‡L‡Qb| wKš‘
gyjZv‡bi weL¨vZ e¨emvqx kv‡qL evnvDwÏb Gi M‡elYv Abyhvqx AvbygvwbK Av‡iv 40
iwZ ev cuvP gvkv AwZwi³ n‡e| Zvn‡j †mvbvi †bmve 7 †Zvjv 11 gvkv nq| AZGe
mZK©Zvg~jK mv‡o mvZ †Zvjv‡K †mvbvi †bmve MY¨ K‡i †m Abyhvqx hvKvZ w`‡Z
n‡e| myZivs †h e¨w³ mv‡o mvZ †Zvjv ¯^‡Y©i gvwjK n‡e, Zv‡K hvKvZ cvIqvi
nK`vi MY¨ Kiv n‡e bv| eis Zvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e|303
Ggwbfv‡e Kv‡iv Kv‡Q hw` mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcvi mgcwigvY UvKv _v‡K, Zvn‡j
Zvi Dci kZKiv 2.50% nv‡i hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e|
e¨emvi m¤ú‡`i †bmve
Abyiƒcfv‡e Kv‡iv Kv‡Q hw` iƒcvi †bmve cwigvY A_©vr mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcvi
mgg~‡j¨i e¨emvwqK cY¨ _v‡K ZLb Zvi DciI eQiv‡šÍ hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e, Zv †h
†Kv‡bv ai‡bi e¨emvwqK cY¨ †nvK bv †K‡bv| myZivs †KD hw` Mvwo-evwo, RvqMv-
Rwg BZ¨vw` ¸‡jv e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ µq K‡i Avi Gi Dci eQi AwZevwnZ nq ZLb
Zvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| Avjøvgv Avjx Avj-gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫اﻟﺰﻛﺎة واﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺮوض اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﻛﺎﺋﻨﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ إذا ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮرق أو اﻟﺬﻫﺐ‬
Òe¨emvwqK c‡Y¨i g~j¨ hw` †mvbv wKsev iƒcvi †bmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡Z hvKvZ
IqvwRe n‡e| cY¨ †h cÖKv‡iiB †nvK bv †Kb|Ó304

302 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/680, nv`xm bs 1573, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
303 AvIhv‡b kiBq¨vn: 21
304 †n`vqv : 1/195, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 hvKvZ, wdZ&iv, nR¡ I Kzievbxi †bmve 159
e¨emvwqK c‡Y¨i hvKvZ m¤ú‡K© nhiZ mvgyiv Be‡b Ryb`ye ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
305.‫ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ ﻓﺈن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﺄﻣﺮﻧﺎ أن ﻧﺨﺮج اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺬي ﻧﻌﺪ‬:‫ أﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬: ‫ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Avgv‡`i‡K H me m¤ú` †_‡K hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi ûKzg Ki‡Zb †h¸‡jv
Avgiv e¨emvi Rb¨ cÖ¯Z ‘ K‡i ivLZvg|Ó306
we: `ª: Mevw` cïi cÖPjb †h‡nZz eZ©gv‡b †bB ZvB Gi Av‡jvPbv GLv‡b Kiv n‡jv
bv|
DcvR©‡bi DcKi‡Yi Dci hvKv‡Zi ûKzg
†hme Mvwo e¨emvi Rb¨ †Kbv nqwb, eis fvov w`‡q BbKv‡gi D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kbv n‡q‡Q
†mme Mvwoi Dci hvKvZ Avm‡e bv | †Kbbv, fvovq PvwjZ Mvwo { S ¸
#} e¨emvwqK
cY¨ bq, eis Zv n‡”Q {%
  S} fvovi gvj| Avi fvovi gv‡ji Dci hvKvZ Av‡m
bv, hvKvZ Av‡m †Kej e¨emvwqK c‡Y¨i Dci Ges fvov †_‡K AwR©Z BbKvg ev
gybvdvi Dci|
Z`ªƒc e¨emvi Ab¨vb¨ hš¿cvwZ I DcKiY †hgb, Kw¤úDUvi, d‡Uv÷¨vU †gwkb, Kvco
evbv‡bvi †gwkb BZ¨vw` G m‡eiI GKB ûKzg| A_©vr †mUv †bmv‡ei AšÍf©y³ n‡e bv|
eis BbKvg ev Av‡qi gv‡S †bmve wnmve Kiv n‡e|
G cÖm‡½ ÔRv`x` wdK&nx gvmv‡qjÕ wKZv‡e ÔwLhvbvZzi †iIqvqvZÕ MÖ‡š’i GKwU DׄwZ
D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q hv wbgœiƒc-
‫رﺟﻞ اﺷﺘﺮى أﻋﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﻳﻮاﺟﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻴﺎوﻣﺔ وﻣﺸﺎﻫﺮة وﻣﺴﺎﻧﻬﺔ وﻳﺤﺼﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻘﻮﻻت ﻣﺎل ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺠﺐ‬
.‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬
ÒGK e¨w³ ˆ`wbK, gvwmK wKsev evrmwiK fvov †`qvi Rb¨ wKQz ¯’vbvšÍi‡hvM¨ `ªe¨
µq Ki‡jv Ges D³ `ª‡e¨i gva¨‡g Zvi A‡bK m¤ú` DcvwR©Z n‡jv| Zvn‡j D³
fvovi e¯‘i g‡a¨ hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e bv| †Kbbv, G¸‡jv e¨emvwqK cY¨ bq|Ó307
G cÖm‡½ Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-

‫ وﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﻋﻤﺮ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺒﺮ وﻗﺪ‬...‫ »ﺳﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ أﺑﻮ داود ﺛﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺬري ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‬:‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﻟﺰﻳﻠﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻧﺼﺐ اﻟﺮاﻳﺔ« )ﻓﺼﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮوض( وﻗﺎل‬305
‫ دار‬.‫ ط‬،‫ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻰ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻔﻴﻂ‬:‫ اﻧﺘﻬﻰ وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻘﻦ ﻓﻲ » اﻟﺒﺪر اﻟﻤﻨﻴﺮ« )ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬.«‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود وﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺣﺴﻦ‬:‫ذﻛﺮ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ ذﻛﺮﻩ أﺑﻮ داود وﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺒﺮ‬:‫ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ﻫـ( ﺑﺎب زﻛﺎة اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬۱٤۲٥ ‫ اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‬،‫ رﻳﺎض‬،‫اﻟﻬﺠﺮة ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺮ واﻟﺘﻮزﻳﻊ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﻪ رﺟﺎل ﻻ أﻋﺮف‬: «‫ وﻗﺎل اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻓﻲ »ﺷﺮح اﻟﻤﻬﺬب‬،«‫ »إﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﻣﻘﺎرب‬: «‫ وﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻐﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ » ﻋﻤﺪﺗﻪ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬.‫ﺣﺴﻦ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻤﺮة‬
‫ وﻫﺬا إﺳﻨﺎد ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ وأﻗﻞ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﻪ أن‬:‫ وﻗﺎل ﺷﻴﺨﻨﺎ ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻴﻌﻤﺮي‬.‫ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﺴﻦ أو ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺗﻪ‬،‫ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻀﻌﻔﻪ أﺑﻮ داود‬،‫ﺣﺎﻟﻬﻢ‬
‫ اﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﻛﻼم اﺑﻦ‬.‫ وﻛﺬا ﺟﻌﻔﺮ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ أﺳﻠﻔﻨﺎﻩ ﻋﻨﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﻠﺖ‬،‫ﻳﻜﻮن ﺣﺴﻨﺎ ﻓﺈن ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻮر اﻟﺤﺎل وﺧﺒﻴﺐ وأﺑﻮﻩ وﺛﻘﻬﻤﺎ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن‬
.‫اﻟﻤﻠﻘﻦ‬
306 mybv‡b Avey `vD` : 2/673, nv`xm bs 1562, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
307 Rv`x` wdKnx gvmv‡qj: 1/206, KzZzeLvbv bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`
160 `imyj wdK&n
‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ آﻻت اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻓﻴﻦ إﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ أﺛﺮ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺼﻔﺮ ﻟﺪﺑﻎ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ ﻓﻔﻴﻪ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﺑﺨﻼف ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﻛﺼﺎﺑﻮن‬
.‫ﻳﺴﺎوي ﻧﺼﺒﺎ وإن ﺣﺎل اﻟﺤﻮل‬
ÒAbyiƒc †ckv`vi‡`i Kv‡Ri nvwZqv‡ii Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe nq bv| Z‡e †h me
DcKiYvw`i cªfve envj _v‡K (†hgb, Pvgov †Wªwms Kivi Rb¨ (‫ )ﻋﺼﻔﺮ‬GK cÖKvi
†gwWwmb|) Zvn‡j Zv‡Z hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| c¶všÍ‡i †hme DcKi‡Yi cÖfve evwK
_v‡K bv (†hgb, jwÛªi †`vKv‡b e¨eüZ mvevb) †m¸‡jv †bmve cwigvY n‡j Ges Gi
Dci eQi AwZevwnZ n‡jI hvKvZ IqwRe n‡e bv|Ó308
myZivs DwjøwLZ fvl¨ †_‡K †evSv †Mj †h, fvovq PvwjZ Mvwo I e¨emvi Ab¨vb¨
DcKi‡Yi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe nq bv, Z‡e Gi BbKvg hw` †bmve cwigvY nq Ges
Gi Dci eQi AwZevwnZ nq, Zvn‡j Gi Dci hvKvZ Avm‡e|
G‡¶‡Î j¶¨Yxq †h, A‡bK e¨emvqx-we‡klfv‡e cwienb I Uªv݇cvU© e¨emvqxMY-
bM` A_© c~Y© eQi Rgv iv‡Lb bv| eis UvKv Avmv gvÎB Zv w`‡q e¨emvi m¤cÖmviY
K‡i _v‡Kb| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q hw` eQ‡ii ïiæ‡Z †bmve cwigvY ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk m¤ú`
_v‡K Ges eQi †k‡lI hw` _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zv‡`i‡K hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| hw`I
eQ‡ii gvSvgvwS mg‡q †bmve cwigvY m¤ú` Rgv bv _v‡K| KviY, eQ‡ii ïiæ-‡k‡l
†bmve _vK‡jB hvKvZ IqvwRe nq|
wewfbœ †kªYxi m¤ú‡`i †bmve wbY©q
Abyiƒcfv‡e Kv‡iv Kv‡Q hw` wKQz UvKv, wKQz †mvbv ev iƒcv Avi wKQz e¨emvwqK cY¨
_v‡K; †h¸‡jvi †Kv‡bvUvB c„_K c„_Kfv‡e hvKv‡Zi †bmve cwigvY bv nq| wKš‘
me¸‡jvi g~j¨ GKwÎZ Ki‡j †bmve (mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcvi g~j¨) cwigvY nq|
ZLb Gi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| nhiZ eyKvBi Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivn.309 e‡jb-
.‫ﻣﻀﺖ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺻﺤﺎب رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺑﻀﻢ اﻟﺬﻫﺐ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﻀﺔ واﻟﻔﻀﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﻓﻲ إﺧﺮاج اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬
ÒhvKvZ Av`v‡qi †¶‡Î mvnvev‡q †Kivg ¯^Y©‡K †iŠ‡c¨i mv‡_ Ges †iŠc¨‡K ¯^‡Y©i
mv‡_ wgwj‡q †bmve wnmve Ki‡Zb|Ó310
Bgvg Avjx Avj-gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﻳﻀﻢ اﻟﺬﻫﺐ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﻀﺔ‬...‫وﺗﻀﻢ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺮوض إﻟﻰ اﻟﺬﻫﺐ واﻟﻔﻀﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻨﺼﺎب‬
ÒhvKv‡Zi †bmve wnmve Kivi †¶‡Î e¨emvwqK c‡Y¨i g~j¨ †mvbv-iƒcvi mv‡_ Ges

308 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi : 3/183 gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

309 eyKvBi Be‡b Avãyjøvn Bebyj Avkv¾ Avj Kzivkx Avj wgmix ivn.| wZwb 127 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib (IqvwK`xi
gZvbymv‡i)| .‫ ﻛﺎن ﺛﻘﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ذﻛﺮﻩ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﻘﺎت ﻓﻲ أﺗﺒﺎع اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻠﺤﺎء اﻟﻨﺎس‬: ‫ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ‬
310 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q : 2/423 `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
 hvKvZ, wdZ&iv, nR¡ I Kzievbxi †bmve 161
†mvbv‡K iƒcvi mv‡_ wgwj‡q †bmve c~Y© Kiv n‡e|Ó311
c‡Y¨i LyPiv g~j¨ bv cvBKvix g~j¨ †KvbwUi wnmve aiv n‡e?
e¨emvwqK c‡Y¨ †bmve wbY©‡qi †¶‡Î LyPiv gv‡ji e¨emvqx n‡j LyPiv g~j¨ a‡i hvKvZ
Av`vq Ki‡e| Avi hw` cvBKvix gv‡ji e¨emvqx nq, Zvn‡j cvBKvix g~j¨ a‡i hvKvZ
Av`vq Ki‡e| c¶všÍ‡i †KD hw` LyPiv Ges cvBKvix Dfq gv‡ji e¨emv K‡i, Zvn‡j
LyPiv g~j¨ wnmv‡e hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv hvKvZ Av`v‡qi †¶‡Î g~jbxwZ
n‡jv- me©`v `wi`ª‡`i DcKv‡ii welqwU we‡ePbv Kiv| G cÖm‡½ Bgvg mvivLmx ivn.
e‡jb-
.‫ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ اﻟﻔﻘﺮاء ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﻢ ﻷداء اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻣﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﻧﻔﻊ اﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﻦ‬
ÒhvKvZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi †¶‡Î `wi`ª‡`i DcKv‡ii welqwU we‡ePbv Kiv
Riæix| Kv‡RB †mvbv-iƒcvi g‡a¨ †hUvi g~j¨ a‡i hvKvZ w`‡j `wi`ª‡`i †ewk jvf
n‡e, †mUv a‡iB g~j¨ wbav©iY Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó312
†gvUK_v, cvBKvix g~‡j¨i Zzjbvq LyPiv g~j¨ a‡i hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡j †h‡nZz `wi`ª‡`i
DcKvi †ewk nq, ZvB LyPiv g~j¨ a‡i hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
hvKvZ †Kvb gvj Øviv Av`vq Ki‡e?
hvKvZ‡hvM¨ hZ m¤ú` Av‡Q, hvKvZ Av`v‡qi †¶‡Î mivmwi H m¤ú‡`i Ask w`‡qB
Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e bv UvKv ev Ab¨ †h †Kv‡bv e¯‘ w`‡q H cwigvY Av`vq Ki‡j h‡_ó
n‡e? G wel‡q wdKvnwe`M‡Yi gv‡S h‡_ó gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q| g~jZt Zv‡`i GB
gZ‡f‡`i wfwË n‡jv hvKv‡Zi nvKxKZ m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki ¯^Zš¿ `„wófw½| A_©vr
hvKvZ wK †Kej Bev`Z, bv abx‡`i m¤ú‡` Av‡ivwcZ `wi‡`ªi nK? ev¯Íe K_v n‡jv
hvKvZ Dfq w`‡KiB m¤¢vebv iv‡L| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv wdKnwe`, †hgb Bgvg
kv‡dÔqx I Bgvg Avng` ivn. cÖgyL hvKv‡Zi g‡a¨ Bev`‡Zi w`KwU‡K cÖvavb¨ †`b
Ges †h gv‡ji Dci hvKvZ G‡m‡Q †m gvj †_‡K hvKvZ Av`vq bv K‡i Zvi cwie‡Z©
UvKv ev Ab¨ wKQz †`qv‡K A‰ea e‡jb| Aci w`‡K- Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Ges Zvi
Abymvix BgvgMY `wi‡`ªi n‡Ki welqwU AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q g~j¨ cÖ`vb Kiv‡K ˆea e‡jb|
g~j¨ cÖ`vb Kiv‡K hviv ˆea e‡jb Zuv‡`i `jxj
hviv c‡Y¨i cwie‡Z© g~j¨ cÖ`vb‡K ˆea e‡jb Zuv‡`i `jxj n‡jv GB AvqvZ-
 mlkj
Ò†n bex! Avcwb Zv‡`i (abx‡`i) gvj †_‡K hvKvZ Dm~j Kiæb|Ó313

311 †n`vqv : 1/196, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

312 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 2/191, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
313 m~iv ZvIev: 103
‫‪162‬‬ ‫‪`imyj wdK&n‬‬
‫‪G Avqv‡Z hvKvZ wn‡m‡e gvj Dm~j Kivi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q| Avi gvj e¨vcK‬‬
‫¨‪ِ ev g~j¨I gv‡ji AšÍf©y³| ZvB gvj bv w`‡q Zvi cwie‡Z© g~j‬ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪A_©‡evaK kã,‬‬
‫¨‪w`‡jI wb‡`©k cvjb n‡q hv‡e| ZvQvov g~j e¯‘i cwie‡Z© g~j¨ ev Zvi mgcwigvY Ab‬‬
‫‪†Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxq e¯‘ †`qvi cÖPjb mvnvev hyM †_‡KB P‡j Avm‡Q, hv wewfbœ eY©bv‬‬
‫‪†_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq| wb‡gœ Gai‡bi K‡qKwU eY©bv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv| nhiZ ZvDm ivn.‬‬
‫‪†_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﻣﻌﺎذ  ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪ :‬اﺋﺘﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﺨﻤﻴﺲ أو ﻟﺒﻴﺲ آﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ أﻫﻮن ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ وﺧﻴﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬وﻓﻲ رواﻳﺔ اﺋﺘﻮﻧﻲ ﺑﻌﺮض ﺛﻴﺎب آﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺬرة واﻟﺸﻌﻴﺮ‪314.‬‬

‫‪ÒnhiZ gyqvh ivwh. hLb ivm~j‬‬ ‫‪KZ…©K Bqvgv‡bi kvmbKZ©v wbhy³ n‡jb, ZLb‬‬
‫`‪Bqvgvbevmx‡K G wb‡`©k w`‡jb †h, †Zvgiv Drcbœ `ª‡e¨i hvKvZ Rvgv, Pv`i BZ¨vw‬‬
‫¨‪Kvco Øviv cwi‡kva K‡iv| Avwg Zv MÖnY Ki‡ev| †Kbbv, GUv †Zvgv‡`i Rb‬‬
‫‪mnRmva¨ Ges hvKvZ MÖnYKvix g`xbvevmx mvnvex‡`i Rb¨I AwaK DcKvix| (KviY‬‬
‫‪g`xbv K…wlcÖavb †`k nIqvq †hLv‡b Kvc‡oi Afve wQ‡jv|) Aci eY©bvq Av‡Q,‬‬
‫‪†Zvgiv fyÆv, he BZ¨vw`i cwie‡Z© Kvco `vI|Ó315‬‬
‫‪nhiZ AvZv ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-‬‬
‫أن ﻋﻤﺮ  ﻛﺎن ﻳﺄﺧﺬ اﻟﻌﺮوض ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮرق وﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ÒnhiZ Igi ivwh. iƒcv BZ¨vw`i hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î Ab¨vb¨ AvmevecÎ MÖnY‬‬
‫‪Ki‡Zb|Ó316‬‬
‫‪Avjøvgv BDmyd KviRvfx nvwdhvûjøvn Dfq c‡¶i cÖgvYvw` D‡jøL Kivi ci e‡jb-‬‬
‫أﻋﺘﻘﺪ أﻧﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﻓﻲ أدﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ ﻳﺘﺒﻴﻦ ﻟﻨﺎ رﺟﺤﺎن ﻣﺎ ذﻫﺐ إﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻤﻘﺎم‪.‬‬
‫‪ÒAvwg g‡b Kwi, Dfqc‡¶i cÖgvYvw`i gv‡S wPšÍv fvebvi ci Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q nvbvdx‬‬
‫‪gvhnv‡ei cÖvavb¨ ¯úó n‡q hv‡e|Ó317‬‬

‫‪ 314‬أوردﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ« )ﺑﺎب اﻟﻌﺮض ﻓﻲ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة( ﺑﺄﻟﻔﺎظ ﻣﺘﻘﺎرﺑﺔ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﺎ‪ .‬وﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻓﻲ »ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري«‪ :‬ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫اﻹﺳﻨﺎد إﻟﻰ ﻃﺎوس‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻃﺎوس ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎذ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﻳﻐﺘﺮ ﺑﻘﻮل ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎل ذﻛﺮﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ اﻟﺠﺎزم ﻓﻬﻮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻷن‬
‫ذﻟﻚ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ إﻻ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻖ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬وأﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻹﺳﻨﺎد ﻓﻼ‪ ،‬إﻻ أن إﻳﺮادﻩ ﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺮض اﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎج ﺑﻪ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﻗﻮﺗﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬وﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻋﻀﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻩ اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ اﻟﺘﻲ ذﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺎب‪ .‬اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺮ« ‪ : ۱٥۲/۱‬وﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺴﺮوق وﻃﺎوس ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﺎذ‪ :‬وﻗﺪ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ‪ :‬ﻃﺎوس ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎذ –وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﻖ‪ -‬ﻟﻜﺜﺮة ﻣﻦ ﻟﻘﻴﻪ ﻣﻤﻦ أدرك ﻣﻌﺎذا وﻫﺬا ﻣﻤﺎ ﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ أﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﻼﻓﺎ‪ ،‬اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل آﺧﺮ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ وﻗﺎل اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‪ :‬ﻃﺎوس‬
‫وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﻖ ﻣﻌﺎذا إﻻ أﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﺎﻧﻲ وﺳﻴﺮة ﻣﻌﺎذ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﺸﻬﻮرة ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ« ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ أن ﻣﻌﺎذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ زﻛﺎة اﻷﺻﻞ‪ :‬ﻓﻴﻪ اﻧﻘﻄﺎع‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﻃﺎوس وﻣﻌﺎذ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﻗﻮي ﻷن ﻃﺎوﺳﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻋﺎرﻓﺎ ﺑﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺎذ‪ .‬اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬
‫‪315 mnxn eyLvix: 1/194, gvKZvevZzj Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`; mybv‡b evBnvKx: 4/113‬‬
‫‪316 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: 6/522, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb‬‬
‫‪317 wdKûh hvKvZ : 2/815, gvKZvev‡q Inev, Kvq‡iv, wgmi‬‬
 hvKvZ, wdZ&iv, nR¡ I Kzievbxi †bmve 163
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb-
‫ وأﻳﺴﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺴﺎب وﺧﺎﺻﺔ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻫﻨﺎك إدارة‬،‫اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ أن رأي اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ أﻟﻴﻖ ﺑﻌﺼﺮﻧﺎ وأﻫﻮن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
.‫أوﻣﻮﺳﺴﺔ ﺗﺘﻮﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة وﺗﻔﺮﻳﻘﻬﺎ‬
Òev¯Íe K_v n‡jv, nvbvdx‡`i gZwU Avgv‡`i hy‡Mi mv‡_ AwaK Dc‡hvMx, gvby‡li
Rb¨ AwZ mnR Ges wnmve Ki‡ZI A‡bK myweav| we‡klZ †hLv‡b hvKvZ msMÖn Ges
eȇbi cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb ev ms¯’v _vK‡e|Ó318
DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq, †h gv‡ji Dci hvKvZ G‡m‡Q †mUvi cwie‡Z©
Zvi g~j¨ Øviv wKsev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxq e¯‘ ØvivI hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv ˆea|
nvivg gvj †bmv‡ei AšÍf©y³ n‡e wKbv?
nvivg gvj ev A‰ea cš’vq DcvwR©Z m¤ú` Kg †nvK ev †ewk, hw` Avjv`v _v‡K wKsev
nvjvj gv‡ji mv‡_ wgwkÖZ _v‡K wKš‘ Zv Avjv`v Kiv m¤¢e nq Zvn‡j D³ m¤ú`
†bmve cwigvY n‡jI Gi Dci hvKvZ dih n‡e bv| KviY †h gvj A‰ea cš’vq AwR©Z
n‡q‡Q Zvi gvwjK AR©bKvix bq, eis g~j gvwjK Ab¨ †KD| ZvB D³ nvivg gvj g~j
gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv Zvi `vwqZ¡| Avi g~j gvwjK bv cvIqv †M‡j Mixe-wgmKxb‡K
w`‡q w`‡Z n‡e| †h‡nZy †m gvwjK bq, Zvi Dci H gv‡ji hvKvZI dih n‡e bv|
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. Kzwbqv wKZv‡ei DׄwZ‡Z e‡jb-
.‫ ﻷن اﻟﻜﻞ واﺟﺐ اﻟﺘﺼﺪق ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ إﻳﺠﺎب اﻟﺘﺼﺪق ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻪ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن اﻟﺨﺒﻴﺚ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬
ÒA‰ea cš’vq DcvwR©Z m¤ú` hw` †bmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j DcvR©bKvixi Dci †m
m¤ú‡`i hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv dih bq| †Kbbv DcvwR©Z nvivg gvj cy‡ivUvB m`Kv K‡i
†`qv Zvi KZ©e¨| d‡j Gi wKq`vs‡k m`Kv Avek¨K Kivq †Kv‡bv dvq`v †bB|Ó319
c¶všÍ‡i ˆea m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ hw` A‰ea m¤ú` Ggbfv‡e wgwkÖZ nq †h, c„_K Kiv
m¤¢e bq wKš‘ H wgwkªZ m¤ú‡`i evB‡i hw` Zvi G cwigvY m¤ú` _v‡K hv Øviv A‰ea
m¤ú‡`i †`bv †kva Kiv m¤¢e, Zvn‡j H wgwkªZ m¤ú‡` hvKvZ Avm‡e| Avjøvgv
AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷن اﻟﺨﻠﻂ اﺳﺘﻬﻼك إذا ﻟﻢ‬.‫وﻟﻮ ﺧﻠﻂ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن اﻟﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻐﺼﻮب ﺑﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻠﻜﻪ ﻓﺘﺠﺐ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻓﻴﻪ وﻳﻮرث ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ وﻫﺬا إذا ﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎل ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ‬،‫ وﻗﻮﻟﻪ أرﻓﻖ إذ ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﻠﻮ ﻣﺎل ﻋﻦ ﻏﺼﺐ‬،‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻤﻴﻴﺰﻩ ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
.‫اﺳﺘﻬﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻠﻂ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻮﻓﻲ دﻳﻨﻪ‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv ev`kvn AvZ¥mvrKiv m¤ú` wb‡Ri m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ wgwk‡q †d‡j, Zvn‡j
†m H m¤ú‡`i gvwjK n‡q hvq Ges Zv‡Z hvKvZ Av‡m I wgivQ Rvwi nq| †Kbbv,
wgkª‡Yi c‡i hw` c„_K Kiv bv hvq, Zvn‡j Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi g‡Z Zv ‫اﺳﺘﻬﻼك‬

318 wdKûh hvKvZ : 2/816, gvKZvev‡q Inev, Kvq‡iv, wgmi

319 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx : 3/218, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
164 `imyj wdK&n
(LiP K‡i †djv/wbt‡kl K‡i †djv) Gi AšÍf©y³| e¯‘Z Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi
G gZwU AwaK mnR| †Kbbv, Lye Kg m¤ú`B A‰ea m¤ú‡`i wgkªY †_‡K gy³ _v‡K|
Avi G ûKzgwU ZLbB cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e hLb wgwkªZ m¤ú‡`i evB‡i Zvi GB cwigvY m¤ú`
_vK‡e, hv Øviv AvZ¥mvr Kiv m¤ú‡`i †`bv †kva Kiv hvq|Ó320
Avi hw` Zvi Kv‡Q wgwkªZ m¤ú‡`i evB‡i A‰ea m¤ú‡`i †`bv cwigvY m¤ú` bv
_v‡K, A_ev Zvi mg¯Í gvjB nvivgwgwkªZ nq Zvn‡j †m Mfxifv‡e wPšÍv K‡i †`L‡e
†h, wgwkªZ m¤ú‡`i gv‡S nvjvj gv‡ji cwigvY KZUzKz n‡Z cv‡i? nvjvj gv‡ji
cwigvY hw` †bmve cwigvY ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk nq Zvn‡j ïay AZUzKzi hvKvZ Av`vq
Ki‡Z n‡e|
wdZ&iv
wdZ&ivi msÁv
cwifvlvq wdZ&iv Ggb GKwU m`Kvi bvg hv C`yj wdZ‡ii w`b cÖ‡Z¨K mvg_©¨evb
gymjgv‡bi Dci IqvwRe nq|321
wdZivi †bmve
†h e¨w³i gvwjKvbvq wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq LiPvw`, M„nmvgMªx I FYev‡` mv‡o mvZ fwi
†mvbv ev mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcv A_ev †m cwigvY UvKv Av‡Q Zvi Dci wb‡gœv³
`ªe¨¸‡jvi †h †Kv‡bv GKwU Øviv wb‡gœ ewY©Z nv‡i wdZ&iv Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| (Z‡e
GKwU welq Aek¨B j¶¨Yxq †h, eZ©gv‡b †mvbvi evRvig~j¨ AwaK nIqvq Mixe‡`i
DcKviv‡_© iƒcvi evRvig~‡j¨ hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv AwaK mgxPxb| nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm
ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﺻﺎﻋﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻤﺮ أو‬،‫ ذﻛﺮ أو أﻧﺜﻰ‬،‫ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ أو ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬،‫ﻓﺮض رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺻﺪﻗﺔ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺮ أو ﻋﺒﺪ‬
.‫ أو ﻧﺼﻒ ﺻﺎع ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮ‬،‫ﺷﻌﻴﺮ‬
Òivm~j ¯^vaxb-‡Mvjvg, †QvU-eo, bvix-cyiæl cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Dci m`Kv‡q wdZi
dih K‡i‡Qb GK mvÕ †LRyi ev Re wKsev Aa© mvÕ Mg|Ó322
wnmv‡ei myweav‡_© D³ `ªe¨vw`i kiÔqx, weªwUk I †gwUªK cwigv‡Yi GKwU QK †ck Kiv
n‡jv-
`ª‡e¨i bvg kiÔqx cwigvY weªwUk IR‡b †gwUªK wbq‡g
(K) Mg, AvUv Avav mvÕ 140 †Zvjv 4 †cŠ‡b `yB †mi
ev QvZz Avbv

320 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi : 3/217 gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

321 Avj Kvgymyj wdKnx-228, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
322 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: 6/500, nv`xm bs 10435, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx,

cvwK¯Ívb; kv‡qL gy¤§v` AvIqvgv e‡j‡Qb, mb`wU ÔnvmvbÕ

 hvKvZ, wdZ&iv, nR¡ I Kzievbxi †bmve 165
(L) †LRyi, GK mvÕ 280 †Zvjv 8 mv‡o wZb †mi
wKmwgm I he Avbv
we.`ª. Avav mvÕ †gwUªK wbq‡g 80 †Zvjv IRb wn‡m‡e †cŠ‡b `yB †m‡ii †P‡q wKQz †ewk
nq| ZvB mZK©Zvg~jK `yB †mi †`qv DËg| Abyiƒcfv‡e GK mvÕ Gi IRb mv‡o wZb
†mi †_‡K GKUz †ewk| AZGe mZK©Zvg~jK †cŠ‡b Pvi †mi †`qv DËg|323
hvKvZ I wdZivi gv‡S cv_©K¨
hvKvZ I wdZivi gv‡S †ek K‡qKwU cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ Zv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-
(K) hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ Ôgv‡j bvgxÕ Z_v ea©bkxj m¤ú` nIqv kZ©| wKš‘ wdZivi Rb¨ Zv
kZ© bq|324
(L) hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ eQi AwZevwnZ nIqv Riæix, wKš‘ wdZivi Rb¨ Zv Riæix bq|325
(M) cÖ‡qvR‡bi AwZwi³ M„nmvgMÖx Ges †h RvqMv-Rwg e¨emvi Rb¨ bq Zv hvKv‡Zi
†bmv‡e MY¨ n‡e bv| wKš‘ G¸‡jv‡K wdZivi †bmv‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡e|326
(N) hvKv‡Zi †bmve nvjvK n‡q †M‡j hvKvZ gvd n‡q hvq, wKš‘ wdZivi †bmve
nvjvK n‡q †M‡jI Zv wh¤§v †_‡K evwZj nq bv|327
Kzievbx
Kzievbxi †bmve
Kzievbxi w`b¸‡jv‡Z hvi gvwjKvbvq wdZivi †bmve cwigvY A_©vr mv‡o mvZ †Zvjv
†mvbv ev mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcv A_ev Gi †h †Kv‡bv GKwUi mgg~j¨ UvKv _vK‡e
Zvi Dci Kzievbx Kiv IqvwRe| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫واﻟﻴﺴﺎر اﻟﺬي ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮب ﺻﺪﻗﺔ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ‬...‫وﺷﺮاﺋﻄﻬﺎ )أي اﻷﺿﺤﻴﺔ( اﻹﺳﻼم‬
ÒKzievbxi kZ©mg~‡ni Ab¨Zg n‡jv Ggb ¯^”QjZv, hv Øviv m`Kv‡q wdZi IqvwRe
nq|Ó328
nR¡
nR¡ KLb dih
hvi Kv‡Q cwievi¯’ †jvK‡`i fiY‡cvlYmn wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq hveZxq LiP e¨ZxZ n‡R¡
Avmv-hvIqv I nR¡ cvjbKvjxb Ae¯’vi LiPvw` gRy` Av‡Q Zvi Dci Rxe‡b GKevi
nR¡ Av`vq Kiv dih| nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. eY©bv K‡i‡Qb-

323 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 8/125, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

324 kiûj †eKvqv: 1/241, gvKZvev‡q _vbfx, †`Ie›`; AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 3/179, 313, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
325 kiûj †eKvqv: 1/241, gvKZvev‡q _vbfx, †`Ie›`; AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 3/174, 313, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
326 kiûj †eKvqv: 1/241, gvKZvev‡q _vbfx, †`Ie›`
327 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 3/314, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
328 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 9/452-453
166 `imyj wdK&n
329
.‫ اﻟﺰاد واﻟﺮاﺣﻠﺔ‬:‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺐ اﻟﺤﺞ؟ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺟﺎء رﺟﻞ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎل‬
ÒGK e¨w³ ivm~jyjøvn -Gi `iev‡i G‡m Avih Kij, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! †Kv‡bv
wRwbm nR¡ IqvwRe K‡i? Dˇi wZwb ej‡jb ‫ اﻟﺰاد و اﻟﺮاﺣﻠﺔ‬cv‡_q Ges evnb|Ó Bgvg
wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU eY©bv K‡i e‡jb †h, nv`xmwU ÔnvmvbÕ| Avi Gi DciB Avgj
P‡j Avm‡Q|Ó330
Bgvg KvhxLvb ivn. e‡jb-
‫وﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮاﺋﻂ اﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ وﻫﻲ أن ﻳﻤﻠﻚ ﻣﺎﻻ ﻓﺎﺿﻼ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﻜﻨﻪ وﻓﺮﺷﻪ وﺛﻴﺎب ﺑﺪﻧﻪ وﻓﺮﺳﻪ وﺳﻼﺣﻪ وﻧﻔﻘﺔ‬
.‫ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺤﺞ‬... ‫ وإن ﻛﻔﻰ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﻟﻠﺰاد واﻟﺮاﺣﻠﺔ‬.‫ﻋﻴﺎﻟﻪ وأوﻻدﻩ اﻟﺼﻐﺎر ﻣﺪة ذﻫﺎﺑﻪ وإﻳﺎﺑﻪ‬
ÒnR¡ IqvwRe nIqvi kZ©¸‡jvi GKwU n‡jv mvg_©¨evb nIqv| Avi Zv n‡jv emev‡mi
evwo, weQvbvcÎ, cwi‡aq e¯¿, †Nvov I A¯¿ Ges Zvi n‡R¡ Avmv hvIqvi mg‡q
cwiev‡ii fiY‡cvl‡Yi AwZwi³ m¤ú`| AZGe, Kv‡iv wbKU hw` GB cwigvY m¤ú`
_v‡K hv n‡R¡i md‡ii Rb¨ h‡_ó, Zvn‡j Ggb e¨w³i Dci nR¡ dih|Ó331
†gvUK_v, ewY©Z †bmv‡ei Av‡jv‡K Kv‡iv Kv‡Q hw` wdZiv, Kzievbx, hvKvZ I nR¡
Av`v‡qi †bmve cwigvY m¤ú` _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ GB Bev`Z¸‡jv Av`vq Kiv
Avek¨Kxq|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 02 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
09 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

.‫ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ و اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ أن اﻟﺮﺟﻞ إذا ﻣﻠﻚ زادا وراﺣﻠﺔ وﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬٨۱۳) «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ »ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬329
330 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 3/110, nv`xm bs 813, `viæj nv`xm Kvq‡iv, wgmi
331 dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb : 1/172, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 167

mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwbi Dci hvKvZ

gvIjvbv Lvwj` ûmvBb Uv½vBjx
hvKv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| bvgv‡hi cvkvcvwk hvKv‡Zi Av‡jvPbv KziAv‡bi GKvwaK
¯’v‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q| nv`x‡mI hvKv‡Zi ûKzg-AvnKvg ¯^h‡Zœ Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| Kvi
Dci hvKvZ dih n‡e Avi KLb hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e ZvI mwe¯Ív‡i ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|
eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü †Kv¤úvwb I mwgwZi Dci hvKvZ dih n‡e wK bv G wel‡q wKQz
Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aivi †Póv Kiv n‡e BbkvAvjøvn&|
hvKv‡Z †bmv‡ei ¸iæZ¡
ejvevûj¨ †h, Bmjvg hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î h_vh_ bxwZgvjv cÖYqb K‡i‡Q| GKw`‡K Mixe
I Afvex‡`i cÖ‡qvRb I Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi †Póv K‡i‡Q| Ab¨ w`‡K m¤ú‡`i gvwj‡Ki
mvg‡_©¨i welqwUI †Lqvj †i‡L‡Q| gvwjK‡K Zvi mKj m¤ú` wewj‡q w`‡Z ejv
nqwb| Avevi GZ K…cYZv‡KI cÖkªq †`qv nqwb †h, Afvex‡`i Afve †gvPb Kivi
Avi †Kv‡bv iv¯ÍvB evwK bv _v‡K| ZvB Bmjvg GKwU mywbw`©ó cwigvY w¯’i K‡i
w`‡q‡Q| G cwigvY m¤ú` Kv‡iv Kv‡Q _vK‡jB Zvi Dci hvKvZ dih n‡e| Ab¨_vq
dih n‡e bv|
Bmjv‡g G welqwU cwi®‹vi †h, †bmve cwigvY gv‡ji gvwjK bv n‡j hvKvZ dih n‡e
bv| GKvwaK nv`x‡m mwe¯Ív‡i Gi Av‡jvPbv G‡m‡Q| wb‡gœ Avgiv wKQz nv`xm D‡jøL
KiwQ|
Bgvg Avey `vD` ivn. nhiZ Avey eKi wmÏxK ivwh.332 Gi hvKvZ Dm~j m¤ú‡K© ivm~j
Gi wmjmn wjwLZ digvb hv Zuvi †LjvdZKv‡j h_vh_ ev¯ÍevwqZ wQ‡jv, Zv
Gfv‡e eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ‬،‫ أﺧﺬت ﻣﻦ ﺛﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ أﻧﺲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ زﻋﻢ أن أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﻷﻧﺲ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﺣﻤﺎد ﻗﺎل‬
‫ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﺮﻳﻀﺔ اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻓﺮﺿﻬﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻠﻰ‬:‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻓﻴﻪ‬،‫ وﻛﺘﺒﻪ ﻟﻪ‬،‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺣﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﺜﻪ ﻣﺼﺪﻗﺎ‬
‫ وﻣﻦ ﺳﺌﻞ‬،‫وﺟﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ
ﻓﻤﻦ ﺳﺌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻬﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﻴﻌﻄﻬﺎ‬ ّ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ ّ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻲ أﻣﺮ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﺗﺒﻠﻎ ﺳﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬...‫ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺧﻤﺲ ذود ﺷﺎة‬،‫ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ دون ﺧﻤﺲ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻹﺑﻞ اﻟﻐﻨﻢ‬،‫ﻓﻮﻗﻬﺎ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻌﻄﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ اﻟﻤﺎل إﻻ ﺗﺴﻌﻴﻦ وﻣﺎﺋﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ أرﺑﻌﻴﻦ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺷﻲء إﻻ أن ﻳﺸﺎء رﺑﻬﺎ وﻓﻲ اﻟﺮﻗﺔ رﺑﻊ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬

332 Avey eKi wmÏxK Avãyjøvn Be‡b Dmgvb Be‡b Av‡gi Be‡b Avgi Be‡b KvÔAve Be‡b mvÔAv` Kzivkx Zvwggx ivwh.|
Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g Ljxdv| wZwb ivm~j mv. Gi R‡b¥i `yB eQi K‡qK gvm Av‡M Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| 13 wnRixi Rygv`vm
mvbx‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 587
168 `imyj wdK&n
333
.‫ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺷﻲء إﻻ أن ﻳﺸﺎء رﺑﻬﺎ‬
Ònv¤§v` ivn. e‡jb, Avwg mygvgv Be‡b Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avbvm †_‡K GKwU cÎ msMÖn
K‡iwQ, hv Avey eKi ivwh. Avbvm ivwh. -‡K m`Kv Dm~j Kivi Rb¨ †cÖi‡Yi mgq
wj‡L w`‡qwQ‡jb| hv‡Z ivm~j Gi wmj‡gvni wQj| D³ c‡Î †jLv wQj, GwU
m`Kvi †bmve, hv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi wb‡`©‡k ivm~j gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ dih nIqvi
†NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| hvi wbKU h_vh_ cwigvY m¤ú` PvIqv nq †m †hb Zv Av`vq K‡i
†`q| Avi hw` cwigv‡Yi AwZwi³ PvIqv nq, Zvn‡j †m †hb Zv bv †`q| DU cuwPkwUi
Kg n‡j eKwi w`‡Z n‡e| cÖwZ cuvPwU D‡U GKwU K‡i eKwi w`‡e| PwjøkwUi Kg
eKwi‡Z †Kv‡bv hvKvZ †bB| Z‡e hw` Zvi gvwjK bdj m`Kv K‡i, †mUv Zvi e¨vcvi|
iƒcv‡q Pwjøk fv‡Mi GK fvM hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e| Ges `yBkZ w`inv‡gi K‡g hvKvZ
†bB|Ó334
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬،‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﻚ ﻣﺎﺋﺘﺎ درﻫﻢ وﺣﺎل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﻮل‬:‫ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ أول ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻗﺎل‬،
‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
،‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎن ﻟﻚ ﻋﺸﺮون دﻳﻨﺎرا‬،‫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺬﻫﺐ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻚ ﻋﺸﺮون دﻳﻨﺎرا‬:‫ وﻟﻴﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺷﻲء ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬، ‫دراﻫﻢ‬
.‫وﺣﺎل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﻮل ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ دﻳﻨﺎر‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib †h, hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³i Kv‡Q `yBkZ w`invg (A_©vr
1/ mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv cwigvY iƒcv) _v‡K Ges GK eQi c~Y© nq, Zvn‡j †m D³
52 2
m¤ú` †_‡K cuvP w`invg hvKvZ w`‡e| Avi hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³i Kv‡Q wek `xbvi (A_©vr
71/2 mv‡o mvZ fwi cwigvY ¯^Y©) _v‡K Ges GK eQi cvi nq, †m D³ m¤ú` †_‡K
Aa© `xbvi hvKvZ w`‡e| wek w`bv‡ii Kg ¯^‡Y©i hvKvZ †bB|Ó335
nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ وﻻ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ دون‬،‫ وﻻ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ دون ﺧﻤﺲ ذود ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬،‫ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ دون ﺧﻤﺴﺔ أوﺳﻖ ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ﺧﻤﺲ أو ٍاق ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬
Òivm~j e‡j‡Qb, cuvP IqvmK (wbw`©ó cwigvc we‡kl) Gi Kg n‡j hvKvZ dih
nq bv| cuvP D‡Ui Kg n‡j hvKvZ dih nq bv Ges cuvP DwKqvi K‡gI hvKvZ dih
nq bv|Ó336

‫ إﻧﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﺮد ﺑﺈﺧﺮاﺟﻪ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺮﺟﺎﻩ ﻫﻜﺬا‬،‫ ﻫﺬا ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮط ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬:‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرك« ﻓﻲ )ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة( وﻗﺎل‬333
.‫ﻣﻦ وﺟﻪ آﺧﺮ‬
334 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/218-219, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

335 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/221, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›` (‫)ﺳﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ أﺑﻮ داود ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬

336 mnxn gymwjg: 1/315, Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`;

 mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwbi Dci hvKvZ 169
DwjøwLZ nv`xm I Av‡iv bym~m †_‡K G g~jbxwZ mve¨¯Í nq †h, Kv‡iv Dci hvKvZ dih
n‡Z n‡j Zv‡K ¯^Zš¿fv‡e †bmve cwigvY gv‡ji gvwjK n‡Z n‡e| myZivs hw` `yÕR‡bi
m¤ú` wgwkªZ _v‡K, wKš‘ G‡`i †KD GKKfv‡e †bmv‡ei gvwjK bv nq, A‡b¨i
m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ wgwkªZ _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zvi †bmve c~Y© aiv n‡e bv Ges hvKvZI dih
n‡e bv| Bgvg Avey eKi Rvm&mvm ivn. DwjøwLZ nv`xm¸‡jv eY©bv K‡i e‡jb-
‫ واﻗﺘﻀﻰ‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﺮق ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ وﻏﻴﺮﻩ‬،‫ﻓﻨﺺ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻷﺧﺒﺎر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ إذا ﻧﻘﺺ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺼﺎب‬
.‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﻦ‬
ÒGKR‡bi m¤ú` †bmve cwigvY bv n‡j Zvi Dci hvKvZ dih bv nIqvi weavb G
nv`xm¸‡jv‡Z cwi®‹vifv‡e ejv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡Z GKvwaK e¨w³i m¤ú` wgwkªZ nIqv bv
nIqvi gv‡S †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ Kiv nqwb| nv`x‡mi e¨vcKZvi `vexI GUv †h, GKvwaK
e¨w³i m¤ú` wgwkªZ _vKzK ev bv _vKzK, Dfq Ae¯’vq †Kv‡bv e¨w³i GKKfv‡e †bmve
c~Y© bv n‡j hvKvZ dih n‡e bv|Ó337
myZivs G K_v cwi®‹vi n‡jv †h, hvKvZ dih nIqvi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿fv‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki †bmve
c~Y© n‡Z n‡e| †bmve c~Y© bv n‡j hvKvZ dih n‡e bv|
mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwbi Dci hvKvZ cÖm½
mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwbi Dci wewfbœ Kvi‡Y hvKvZ dih n‡e bv| hvi mvims‡¶c wb‡gœ
Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
1. Avgiv Dc‡i D‡jøL K‡iwQ †h, hvKvZ dih nIqvi Rb¨ †bmv‡ei gvwjK n‡Z n‡e|
A_P mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwb‡Z wewfbœ ch©v‡qi m`m¨ _v‡K| Kv‡iv Ask †ewk _v‡K Kv‡iv
Kg| ZvB A‡bK m`m¨ GgbI _v‡K †h, †bmve cwigvY gv‡ji gvwjKB bq|
GgZve¯’vq mwgwZ mevi gv‡ji M‡o hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡j Ggb e¨w³i gvj †_‡KI
hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv n‡e hvi Dci hvKvZ dih nqwb| G ch©v‡q Zvi m¤ú` †_‡K
hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡j c~‡e©vwjøwLZ g~jbxwZi cwicš’x n‡e| GQvov †bmve wba©viY Kivi
g~j wnKgZI Aewkó _v‡K bv| hvKv‡Zi †bmve wba©viY Kivi †¶‡Î A‡b¨i gv‡ji
mv‡_ wb‡Ri gv‡ji mswgkªY †Kv‡bv cÖfve †dj‡e bv| Bgvg Zvnvex ivn. G cÖm‡½
e‡jb-
.‫ وﻻ ﻳﻌﺘﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬،‫ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺎﻟﻪ‬،‫واﻟﺨﻠﻴﻄﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻮاﺷﻲ ﻛﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻄﻴﻦ‬
ÒMevw` cïi `yB Askx`vi wfbœ `yÕR‡bi b¨vq| GLv‡b cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki m¤ú` Avjv`vfv‡e
wnmve Kiv n‡e| hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei †¶‡Î Askx`vwii †Kv‡bv MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv †bB|Ó338
dvZvIqv‡q kvgx‡Z Av‡Q-

337 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 2/253, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

338 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 2/251, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
170 `imyj wdK&n
‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺤﺼﻜﻔﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺠﺐ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺼﺎب ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺋﻤﺔ وﻣﺎل ﺗﺠﺎرة وإن ﺻﺤﺖ‬
.‫اﻟﺨﻠﻄﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﺗﺤﺎد أﺳﺒﺎب اﻹﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ اﻟﻤﺮاد أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﻠﻮﻏﻪ اﻟﻨﺼﺎب ﺑﺴﺒﺐ اﻻﺷﺘﺮاك وﺿﻢ أﺣﺪ‬:‫ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح ﻧﺼﺎب ﻣﺸﺘﺮك‬
.‫اﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﻦ إﻟﻰ اﻵﺧﺮ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﺎل ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﻔﺮادﻩ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﺎ‬
ÒAvjøvgv nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb, Avgv‡`i nvbvdx gvhnv‡e hvKvZ‡hvM¨ cï I e¨emvi
gvj hw` mw¤§wjZfv‡e †bmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j Zvi Dci hvKvZ Avek¨K bq|
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb, mw¤§wjZ †bmve ej‡Z eySvq hv GK Askx`v‡ii Ask Ac‡ii
As‡ki mv‡_ wgjv‡bvi Kvi‡Y †bmv‡ei MwЇZ wM‡q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q, c¶všÍ‡i hw` GB m¤ú`
c„_K Kiv nq, Zvn‡j †Kv‡bvwUB †bmv‡ei AvIZvq Av‡m bv|Ó339
gv‡jKx gvhnv‡ei Bgvg Be‡b iæk` ivn. G cÖm‡½ e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ وأﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ أن اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻜﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ زﻛﺎة ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮن‬:‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ‬
.‫ وﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ أن اﻟﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮك ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻣﺎل رﺟﻞ واﺣﺪ‬،‫ﻟﻜﻞ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻧﺼﺎب‬
‫ »ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ دون ﺧﻤﺲ أواق ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮرق‬:‫ اﻹﺟﻤﺎع اﻟﺬي ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم‬:‫وﺳﺒﺐ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﻢ‬
‫ وﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬،‫ﺻﺪﻗﺔ« ﻓﺈن ﻫﺬا اﻟﻘﺪر ﻳﻤﻜﻦ أن ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ أﻧﻪ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﻜﻢ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻟﻤﺎﻟﻚ واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫ إﻻ أﻧﻪ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻔﻬﻮم‬،‫أن ﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺎن ﻟﻤﺎﻟﻚ واﺣﺪ أو أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ واﺣﺪ‬
،‫ وﻫﻮ اﻷﻇﻬﺮ‬،‫ ﻓﻮاﺟﺐ أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻨﺼﺎب ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻃﻪ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻤﺎﻟﻚ واﺣﺪ‬،‫اﺷﺘﺮاط اﻟﻨﺼﺎب إﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻟﺮﻓﻖ‬
‫ واﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﺷﺒﻪ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻠﻄﺔ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﺨﻠﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻲ‬.‫واﻟﻠﻪ أﻋﻠﻢ‬
.‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
ÒBgvg gv‡jK I Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi g‡Z †hŠ_ m¤ú‡` cÖ‡Z¨K kixK wfbœ wfbœfv‡e
†bmve cwigvY m¤ú‡`i gvwjK bv n‡j hvKvZ Avek¨K n‡e bv| Avi kv‡dÔqx ivn.
Gi wbKU †hŠ_ m¤ú‡`i ûKzg GK e¨w³i m¤ú‡`i b¨vq (A_©vr †hŠ_ m¤ú` †bmve
cwigvY n‡j hvKvZ Avek¨K n‡e)| Zv‡`i BLwZjv‡di g~j wfwË n‡jv ivm~j
Gi G me©ev`x evYx, Ô¯^‡Y©i cwigvY cuvP DwKqvi Kg n‡j m`Kv †bB|Õ D³ evYx †_‡K
wbM©Z ûKzgwU Z_v †bmv‡ei wba©vwiZ cwigvYwU †hgb GK gvwj‡Ki m¤ú‡`i †¶‡Î
cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡Z cv‡i, GKvwaK gvwj‡Ki m¤ú‡`I n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †bmve kZ© Kivi
wfwË †h‡nZz `qv I AbyMÖ‡ni Dci, ZvB DwjøwLZ nv`x‡m hvKv‡Zi wba©vwiZ cwigvY
GK gvwj‡Ki Rb¨ nIqvB AwaK ¯úó I hyw³hy³| Avi kv‡dÔqx ivn. †hŠ_ m¤ú`‡K
ÔLyjZvÕ A_©vr wgwkªZ m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| A_P hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î LyjZvi

339 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 3/235, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwbi Dci hvKvZ 171
cÖfve GKwU gZv‰bK¨c~Y© welq|Ó340
2. hvKvZ dih nIqv bv nIqv e¨w³i mv‡_ m¤ú„³, †hŠ_ mwgwZ ev †Kv¤úvwbi mv‡_
m¤ú„³ bq| KviY hvKvZ GKwU Bev`Z hv dih nIqvi Rb¨ gyKvjøvd (A_©vr Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K Av‡`k wb‡la cvj‡b Avw`ó e¨w³) nIqv kZ©| hv GKRb e¨w³i
gv‡SB cvIqv m¤¢e| †Kv‡bv mwgwZ ev †Kv¤úvwb gyKvjøvd bq| ZvB Zvi Dci hvKvZ
dih n‡e bv|
3. hvKvZ dih n‡Z n‡j gv‡ji gvwjK n‡Z nq Avi mwgwZ ev †Kv¤úvwb gv‡ji gvwjK
bq| eis mwgwZi mKj m¤ú‡`i cÖKZ … gvwjK m`m¨MY, ZvB hvKvZ dih n‡j
m`m¨‡`i Dci n‡e, mwgwZi Dci bq|
mwgwZi m`m¨‡`i Dci hvKvZ
mwgwZ ev †Kv¤úvwbi mgwói Dci hvKvZ dih bv n‡jI †Kv‡bv m`‡m¨i hw` mwgwZ
ev †Kv¤úvwb‡Z †bmve cwigvY m¤ú` _v‡K wKsev mwgwZ ev †Kv¤úvwb‡Z RgvK…Z
gvj‡K Zvi Ab¨vb¨ m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ wnmve Ki‡j †bmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j Zvi Dci
hvKvZ dih n‡e| Z‡e hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î †Kv¤úvwb‡Z RgvK…Z m¤ú‡`i wnmve Ab¨ †h
†Kv‡bv e¨emvwqK m¤ú‡`i gZB n‡e| A_©vr mwgwZ I †Kv¤úvwb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †h
mKj AvmevecÎ cÖ‡qvRb nq| †hgb Kw¤úDUvi, †gwkb, †Pqvi †Uwej BZ¨vw` G¸‡jv
†bmv‡ei wnmv‡e Avm‡e bv| KviY e¨emvi gva¨g I hš¿cvwZ hvKv‡Zi gv‡ji AšÍfy©³
bq|
Bgvg Avjx Avj-gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.(‫ وآﻻت اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻓﻴﻦ )زﻛﺎة‬...‫وﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ دور اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ وﺛﻴﺎب اﻟﺒﺪن وأﺛﺎث اﻟﻤﻨﺎزل‬
Òemev‡mi evwo‡Z, cwi‡aq e‡¯¿, M„nmvgMÖx Ges Kg©Rxexi Kv‡Ri gva¨g I
hš¿cvwZ‡Z †Kv‡bv hvKvZ †bB|Ó341
D³ m`m¨ Askx`vi nIqvi Zvwi‡L hw` †bmve cwigvY m¤ú‡`i gvwjK nq Ges GK
eQi c~wZ©‡Z †bmve wVK _v‡K, Zvn‡j hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î †bmve wnmve
Kivi mgq eQ‡ii gv‡Si jf¨vsk¸‡jv g~j m¤ú‡`i mv‡_ wnmve n‡e| dvZvIqv‡q
AvjgMxix‡Z G‡m‡Q-
‫وﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ ﻧﺼﺎب ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻔﺎد ﻓﻲ أﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺤﻮل ﻣﺎﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﺴﻪ ﺿﻤﻪ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ وزﻛﺎﻩ ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﺎد ﻣﻦ‬
...‫ وﺑﺄي وﺟﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎد ﺿﻤﻪ‬،‫ﻧﻤﺎﺋﻪ أو ﻻ‬
Òhvi †bmve cwigvY m¤ú` Av‡Q, eQ‡ii gvSvgvwS mg‡q hw` Zvi Kv‡Q _vKv m¤ú‡`i
Abyiƒc Av‡iv wKQz m¤ú` Zvi n¯ÍMZ nq, Zvn‡j GB m¤ú`‡K g~j †bmv‡ei mv‡_
340 we`vqvZzj gyRZvwn`: 1/206, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
341 †n`vqv: 1/186, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
172 `imyj wdK&n
wgwj‡q hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| eZ©gv‡b cÖvß m¤ú` Zvi g~j m¤ú`jä †nvK ev
wfbœfv‡e AwR©Z †nvK Ges GB m¤ú` †h †Kv‡bv cÖwµqvq Zvi n¯ÍMZ †nvK bv
†Kb|Ó342
†Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z wiRvf© dvÛ bv‡g GKUv we‡kl dvÛ _v‡K| †Kv‡bv mgq hw`
†Kv¤úvwbi e¨vcK ¶q¶wZ nq, Zvn‡j †hb †mLvb †_‡K c~iY Kiv hvq| †mLv‡b
cÖ‡Z¨K m`‡m¨i GKUv Ask _v‡K| wKš‘ †KD dvÛ †_‡K wb‡Ri Ask wb‡Z cv‡i bv
Ges †Kv‡bv n¯Í‡¶cI Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| g~jK_v n‡jv, G dvÛ m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c †Kv¤úvwbi
Kv‡Q iw¶Z _v‡K Ges m`‡m¨i cÖfvegy³ _v‡K|
hvKv‡Zi wnmv‡ei mgq G dv‡Ûi UvKvi wnmve Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY Zvi n¯Í‡¶c Kivi
AwaKvi bv _vK‡jI m`m¨MY †h‡nZy †¯^”Qvq G kZ© MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Ges cieZ©x‡Z G
ai‡bi k‡Z©i gv‡S i`e`j KivI m¤¢e| G QvovI †Kv¤úvwb †f‡½ †M‡j H dvÛmn
wnmve K‡i m`m¨‡`i g~jab eywS‡q †`qv n‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨K m`‡m¨i As‡ki evRvig~j¨
wba©vi‡Yi mgq H dv‡Ûi Rgv UvKvI wnmv‡e Av‡m ZvB hvKvZ Av`vq Kivi mgq H
dv‡Ûi UvKvI †bmv‡ei AšÍ©fy³ n‡e|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 21 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
20 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

342 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/175, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

 173

cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi kiÔqx weavb I hvKvZ cÖm½

gvIjvbv Avãyjøvn †gv¯Ídv, XvKv
fwel¨r Zn&wej hv miKvix ev †emiKvix Kg©Pvix‡`i gvwmK †eZb †_‡K Zvi B”Qvq
ev Awb”Qvq miKvi ev †Kv¤úvwb KZ…©K wbw`©ó nv‡i †eZ‡bi KwZ©Z Ask I Zvi Dci
ewa©Z As‡ki mgwš^Z Zn&wej‡K cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ e‡j|
miKvix I †emiKvix `yB ai‡bi dvÛ i‡q‡Q| Z‡e miKvix cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ‡K ms‡¶‡c
G. P. FI e‡j|
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi cÖKvi‡f`
cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ `yB cÖKvi|
1. eva¨Zvg~jK cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ|
2. †¯^”Qvq cÖ‡Yvw`Z cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ|
eva¨Zvg~jK cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ
†h †eZbvsk †K‡U ivLvi e¨vcv‡i Kg©Pvixi †Kv‡bv BLwZqvi †bB| miKvi ev †Kv¤úvwb
eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e wbR¯^ iæj ev wbqgbxwZ Abyhvqx Kg©Pvixi bv‡g Znwe‡j Rgv iv‡L|
G dv‡Ûi A‡_©i wZbwU Ask i‡q‡Q|
1. g~j †eZbvsk|
2. miKvi ev †Kv¤úvwbi c¶ †_‡K cÖwZgv‡m ewa©Z Ask|
3. Dc‡iv³ Ask `ywUi Dci eQiv‡šÍ kZKiv nv‡i ewa©Z Ask|
kixÔAv‡Z G wZb cÖKv‡ii UvKvi ûKzg GKB| A_©vr G mKj UvKv g~jZ †eZ‡bi
Ask| hw`I my` ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb bv‡g †`qv nq, g~jZ G¸‡jv my` bq| ZvB Kg©Pvixi
Rb¨ Zv MÖnY Kiv I ¯^xq Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv Rv‡qh|
†¯^”Qv cÖ‡Yvw`Z cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ
miKvi ev †Kv¤cvwbi c¶ †_‡K eva¨evaKZv †bB| eis Kg©Pvixi ¯^xq BLwZqv‡i
wba©vwiZ GKwU Ask †eZb †_‡K †K‡U ivLv nq| G dv‡Ûi Dci wfwË K‡i my‡`i
bv‡g hv wKQz †`qv nq, Zv †_‡K weiZ _vKv DwPr| †Kbbv Gi mv‡_ my‡`i mv`„k¨Zv
i‡q‡Q| Avi hw` Kg©Pvix MÖnY K‡i †d‡j, Zvn‡j mIqv‡ei wbqZ Qvov m`Kv K‡i
w`‡e| GgbwU gyd&Zx kdx ivn.343 ¯^xq wKZv‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|

343 gydZx gynv¤§` kdx Be‡b gvIjvbv Bqvwmb Dmgvbx †`Ie›`x ivn.| wZwb 1314 wnRix m‡bi 20/21‡k kvevb
fvi‡Zi DËi cÖ‡`‡ki mvnvivbcyi †Rjvi †`Ie›` A‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| mvB‡q` Av‡bvqvi kvn Kvk¥xix ivn.
174 `imyj wdK&n
GKwU m‡›`‡ni Aemvb
cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ g~jZ Kg©Pvixi cwikª‡gi wewbg‡qi GKwU Ask hv Kg©Pvix GLbI ch©šÍ
Dm~j K‡iwb| AZGe miKv‡ii wh¤§vq Zv Kg©Pvixi FY wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| ZvB hZ¶Y
ch©šÍ Kg©Pvix wb‡R ev Zvi DwK‡ji gva¨‡g Zv n¯ÍMZ bv Ki‡e, ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ Zv Zvi
gvwjKvbvaxb bq| †Kbbv kªwgK hZ¶Y ch©šÍ Zvi cwikª‡gi wewbgq n¯ÍMZ bv K‡i,
ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ Zv Zvi gvwjKvbvaxb nq bv| eis Zv ïaygvÎ Zvi GKwU nK| G e¨vcv‡i
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg Avj-wgm&ix ivn. ¯úófv‡e D‡jøL K‡ib-
،‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺠﻴﻞ أو ﺑﺸﺮﻃﻪ أو ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎء أو ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻠﻚ اﻷﺟﺮة إﻻ ﺑﻮاﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ دﻳﻨﺎ ﻻ‬،‫واﻟﻤﺮاد أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻘﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﺮ إﻻ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﻤﺎ أﺷﺎر إﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﻘﺪوري ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮﻩ‬
‫ وإذا اﺳﺘﺤﻘﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻗﺒﻀﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﻪ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﺒﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ وﺣﺒﺲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ‬،‫ﻳﻘﺎل إﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﻜﻪ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﺮ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻗﺒﻀﻪ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وﺣﺒﺲ اﻟﻌﻴﻦ ﻋﻨﻪ وﻟﻪ ﺣﻖ اﻟﻔﺴﺦ إن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺠﻞ ﻟﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ‬
ÒBRviv Pzw³ n‡jB (kªwg‡Ki Rb¨) cvwikªwgK Avek¨K bq| eis PviwU Dcv‡qi †Kv‡bv
GKwU Dcv‡q cvwikªwg‡Ki AwaKvi mve¨¯Í nq |
1. †Kv‡bv ai‡bi c~e©kZ© QvovB gvwjK KZ©K … ïiæ‡ZB cvwikªwgK Av`vq Kiv|
2. Pzw³i mgq AwMªg cÖ`v‡bi kZ© K‡i _vK‡j|
3. Pzw³K…Z KvR mgvav n‡j|
4. Pzw³K…Z e¯‘‡K kªwgK KZ…©K Ggb ¯’v‡b n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv, †hLvb †_‡K gvwjK cY¨‡K
Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡i| Bgvg Kz`~ix ivn.I ¯^xq wKZve gyLZvmviæj Kz`~ix‡Z GgbwU
D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| †Kbbv hw` FY n‡Zv, Zvn‡j G K_v ejv †hZ bv †h, kªwgK gRyix
n¯ÍMZ Kivi c~‡e©B †m Zvi gvwjK n‡q †M‡Q Ges kªwg‡Ki gRyix n¯ÍMZ Kivi c~‡e©
Zv‡Z Zvi nK mve¨¯Í n‡q‡Q| ZvB GLb †m gvwj‡Ki wbKU gRyix PvB‡Z cvi‡e Ges
Zvi Rb¨ gvwjK I gvwj‡Ki cY¨ AvU‡K ivLvi AwaKvi _vK‡e| Avi hw` gvwjK Zv‡K
AwMÖg Av`vq K‡i bv †`q, Z‡e †m Pzw³ evwZjI Ki‡Z cvi‡e|Ó344
myZivs Dc‡iv³ fv‡l¨i gva¨‡g G K_v cÖZxqgvb nq †h, cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi UvKv
Kg©Pvixi gvwjKvbv bq Ges G‡Z Zvi †Kv‡bv n¯Í‡¶c †bB| AZGe miKvi G UvKvq
†h ai‡bi gyAvgvjv KiæK bv †Kb, Zv miKv‡ii gvwjKvbv As‡ki g‡a¨ K‡i‡Q|
Kg©Pvixi Gi g‡a¨ †Kvb Ask †bB| d‡j miKvi hLb wb‡R G UvKv Kg©Pvix‡K cÖ`vb
K‡i, ZLb Zvi g‡a¨ wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K AwZwi³ wKQz ms‡hvRb K‡i cÖ`vb Ki‡j †mUv
my` n‡e bv|

gydZx Avhxhyi ingvb Dmgvbx ivn. I kvBLyj wn›` gvngy` nvmvb †`Ie›`x ivn. Zuvi wewkó D¯Ívh wQ‡jb| gvÔAvwidzj
KziAvb, AvnKvgyj KziAvb, Bg`v`yj gydZxb I RvIqvwniæj wdKn Zuvi iPbvejxi Ab¨Zg| wZwb 1396 wnRixi
11B kvIqvj B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Dm~jyj BdZv Iqv Av`veyû: 67-69
344 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 7/511, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi kiÔqx weavb I hvKvZ cÖm½ 175
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi UvKv miKvi ev †Kv¤úvwbi wbKU Acwi‡kvwaZ FY hvi cvIbv`vi
D³ Kg©Pvix| Bgvg Avey BDmyd I gynv¤§` ivn. Gi g‡Z ‡h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi F‡Yi
Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe| ZvB G dv‡Ûi UvKvi DciI hvKvZ IqvwRe| AZGe, hLb G
dv‡Ûi KwZ©Z †eZbvsk Av`vq n‡e, ZLb weMZ eQ‡ii hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
Z‡e Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi g‡Z FY wZb cÖKvi| h_v:
1. `vB‡b Kex (kw³kvjx FY) A_©vr Ggb FY, hv e¨emvi gv‡ji wewbg‡q Kv‡iv
wh¤§vq Avek¨K nq| †hgb: iv‡k` Lv‡j‡`i wbKU e¨emvi wKQz gvj wewµ K‡i‡Q|
AZGe, Lv‡j‡`i Rb¨ Gi g~j¨ Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| ZvB hLb Pwjøk w`invg (GK
w`invg=34 iwZ, AZGe 34x40=1360 iwZ) cwigvY cÖvc‡Ki n¯ÍMZ n‡e, ZLb
G ai‡bi F‡Yi Dci hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe|
2. `vB‡b hvqxd (`ye©j FY) A_©vr hv †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †Kv‡bv wKQzi wewbgq Qvov cvIbv`vi
nq| †hgb: DËivwaKvi m~‡Î cÖvß m¤cwË| wKsev †Kvb wKQzi wewbg‡q AwR©Z n‡jI
†Kv‡bv gv‡ji wewbg‡q bq| †hgb †`b‡gvn‡ii cvIbv UvKv, G ai‡bi F‡Y hvKvZ
IqvwRe n‡e bv, hZ¶Y ch©šÍ n¯ÍMZ nIqvi ci GK eQi AwZevwnZ bv nq|
3. `vB‡b gyZvIqvm&wmZ (ga¨g FY) A_©vr hv e¨emvwqK gvj Qvov Ab¨ gv‡ji wewbg‡q
Avek¨K nq| †hgb Zv‡iK ¯^xq cwi‡aq Kvco Ig‡ii wbKU wewµ K‡i‡Q| AZGe,
D³ Kvc‡oi wewbg‡q cÖvc¨ g~j¨ n‡jv ga¨g FY| Gai‡bi cvIbv UvKvq weï×
eY©bvbymv‡i Bgvg Avey nvwbdv ivn. Gi wbKU weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e bv|
eis n¯ÍMZ nIqvi ci Gi Dci GK eQi AwZevwnZ n‡j hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e|
Avi cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi UvKv †h‡nZz Dc‡iv³ wZb cÖKv‡ii g‡a¨ `vB‡b hvqx‡di AšÍf©y³
nIqvUvB iv‡Rn I AwaK hyw³hy³, ZvB G dv‡Ûi UvKvi Dci weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ
IqvwRe n‡e bv| dvZ&Iqv Gi DciB| Z‡e mv‡nevB‡bi (Avey BDm~d I gynv¤§`
ivn.) g‡Zi Dci Avgj Kiv DËg| DwjøwLZ wZb cÖKvi F‡Yi Av‡jvPbvwU Avjøvgv
Kvmvbx ivn. we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Gfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ ودﻳﻦ‬، ‫ ودﻳﻦ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬، ‫ دﻳﻦ ﻗﻮي‬: ‫وﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﻼم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪﻳﻮن أﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮل أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫وﺳﻂ ﻛﺬا ﻗﺎل ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺨﻨﺎ أﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﻮي ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺬي وﺟﺐ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎل اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﻛﺜﻤﻦ ﻋﺮض اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﻣﻦ‬
‫ أو ﻏﻠﺔ ﻣﺎل اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة وﻻ ﺧﻼف ﻓﻲ وﺟﻮب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻓﻴﻪ إﻻ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺨﺎﻃﺐ‬،‫ وﻋﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬، ‫ﺛﻴﺎب اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬
.‫ ﻓﻜﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﺾ أرﺑﻌﻴﻦ درﻫﻤﺎ أدى درﻫﻤﺎ واﺣﺪا‬، ‫ﺑﺄداء ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ زﻛﺎة ﻣﺎ ﻣﻀﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ أرﺑﻌﻴﻦ درﻫﻤﺎ‬
. ‫وﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ وﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﺾ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻳﺆدي زﻛﺎﺗﻪ ﻗﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮض أو ﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ أو ﺑﺼﻨﻌﻪ‬، ‫ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺬي وﺟﺐ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲء ﺳﻮاء وﺟﺐ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﻪ ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻴﺮاث‬:‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ‬
‫ وﺑﺪل اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬، ‫ واﻟﺼﻠﺢ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﺼﺎص‬، ‫ وﺑﺪل اﻟﺨﻠﻊ‬، ‫ أو وﺟﺐ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻋﻤﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻤﺎل ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻬﺮ‬،‫ﻛﺎﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔ‬
176 `imyj wdK&n
. ‫وﻻ زﻛﺎة ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ ﻛﻠﻪ وﻳﺤﻮل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺤﻮل ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻘﺒﺾ‬
‫ وﺛﻤﻦ ﺛﻴﺎب اﻟﺒﺬﻟﺔ واﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ‬، ‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﻤﺎ وﺟﺐ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎل ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎرة ﻛﺜﻤﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ ذﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ )اﻷﺻﻞ( أﻧﻪ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﺾ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﺎﻷداء ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ‬، ‫وﻓﻴﻪ رواﻳﺘﺎن ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ وروى اﺑﻦ ﺳﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ أﻧﻪ‬، ‫ﻣﺎﺋﺘﻲ درﻫﻢ ﻓﺈذا ﻗﺒﺾ ﻣﺎﺋﺘﻲ درﻫﻢ زﻛﻰ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻣﻀﻰ‬
‫ )ﺑﺪاﺋﻊ‬.‫ﻻ زﻛﺎة ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺘﻴﻦ وﻳﺤﻮل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺤﻮل ﻣﻦ وﻗﺖ اﻟﻘﺒﺾ وﻫﻮ أﺻﺢ اﻟﺮواﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
(‫ زﻛﺮﻳﺎ‬٩۰/۲ ‫ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬: ‫اﻟﺼﻨﺎﺋﻊ‬
eva¨Zvg~jK dv‡Û †¯^”Qvq AwZwi³ UvKv ivLv
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi †h `yB cÖKv‡ii cwiPq m¤ú‡K© wKQz¶Y c~‡e© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q,
†m `yB cÖKvi dv‡Ûi cÖ_g cÖKvi (eva¨Zvg~jK dv‡Ûi) †¶‡Î weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ
IqvwRe n‡e bv| Z‡e wØZxq cÖKvi (†¯^”QvcÖ‡Yvw`Z dv‡Ûi) †¶‡Î weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ
IqvwRe n‡e Ges miKvi ev †Kv¤úvwbi c¶ †_‡K gvwmK ewa©Z Ask I evrmwiK
my‡`i bv‡g hv cÖ`vb Kiv nq, Zv eva¨Zvg~jK dv‡Ûi Kg©Pvix MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
BLwZqvix dv‡Ûi Kg©Pvix my‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ _vKvi Kvi‡Y MÖnY bv Kiv DwPZ| wKš‘
eZ©gv‡b eva¨Zvg~jK dv‡Ûi Kg©Pvix‡`i g‡a¨ †KD †KD †¯^”Qvq Av‡iv wKQz UvKv
evwo‡q ivLvi e¨vcv‡i †Kv¤úvwb‡K Av‡e`b K‡i _v‡K| †hgb aiæb, †Kv¤úvwb 9%
†K‡U iv‡L, wKš‘ †m Av‡iv 41% †K‡U ivLvi e¨vcv‡i Av‡e`b K‡i| †m wn‡m‡e
cÖwZgv‡m 50% KvUv nq| d‡j AwZwi³ 41% I wba©vwiZ 9% Gi mv‡_ †hvM n‡q
GKmv‡_ m¤ú~Y© UvKv cv‡e|
Ggb e¨w³i †¶‡Î ûKzg wfbœ n‡e| A_©vr AwZwi³ 41% Gi g‡a¨ hvKv‡Zi weavb
Pvjy n‡e, hw`I n¯ÍMZ bv nq| †hgb †KD †¯^”Qvq KvD‡K FY †`qvi ci Zv n¯ÍMZ
bv n‡jI Zvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe nq| Ggwbfv‡e †¯^”Qvq Kv‡iv wbKU AvgvbZ
ivLvi ci n¯ÍMZ bv n‡jI Zvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| †h‡nZz Zv ZviB gvwjKvbv
Ges †m †¯^”Qvq AvgvbZ †i‡L‡Q| wVK Z`ªƒcfv‡e GLv‡bI 41%Gi Dci hvKvZ
Avm‡e Ges Gi Dci my‡`i bv‡g †h UvKv †`qv n‡e Zv my` wn‡m‡eB we‡ewPZ n‡e|
myyZivs Zv MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv|345
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi hvKvZ msµvšÍ Av‡iv wKQz gvmAvjv
c~‡e© cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi ïaygvÎ weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ IqvwRe nIqv ev bv nIqvi e¨vcv‡i
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e hw` G dv‡Ûi UvKv Kg©Pvixi n¯ÍMZ nIqvi ci eQi c~Y©
nIqvi c~‡e© Pzwi ev LiP nq, wKsev Kg©Pvix G UvKv¸‡jv‡K †Kv‡bv exgv †Kv¤úvwb,
Uªv‡÷i Kv‡Q n¯ÍvšÍi K‡i BZ¨vw`, †m¸‡jvi e¨vcv‡i we¯ÍvwiZ ûKzg wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv
n‡jv|

345 dvZvIqv‡q inxwgqv: 7/152, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi kiÔqx weavb I hvKvZ cÖm½ 177
1. hw` †Kv‡bv Kg©Pvix wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K †Kv‡bv e¨vsK, exgv †Kv¤úvwb, †evW© ev
e¨emvwqK †Kv¤úvwb‡K D³ dv‡Ûi UvKv n¯ÍvšÍi K‡i, ZLb e¨vsK ev †Kv¤úvwb
Kg©Pvixi DwKj n‡e| Avi kixÔAv‡Z DwK‡ji Kâv gyAvw°‡ji Kâvi ûKz‡g, ZvB
n¯ÍvšÍi Kivi ci eQi c~Y© n‡j hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
2. hw` Kg©Pvix dv‡Ûi UvKv †Kv‡bv e¨emvwqK †Kv¤úvwb‡K G k‡Z© †`q †h, Zviv Zv
e¨emvi Kv‡R jvMv‡e Ges †m jvf ¶wZi g‡a¨ Askx`vi n‡e| Zvn‡j n¯ÍvšÍi Kivi
ci †_‡KB Gi Dci hvKv‡Zi weavb Pvjy n‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨K eQ‡ii hvKvZ Kg©Pvixi
Dci wbqgvbymv‡i IqvwRe n‡e|
3. hw` c~e© †_‡K †bmv‡ei gvwjK bv n‡q cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi UvKv †c‡q †bmv‡ei gvwjK
nq, †m‡¶‡Î UvKv MªnY Kivi w`b †_‡K wb‡q P›`ª gvm Abymv‡i c~Y© GK eQi
AwZevwnZ n‡j hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e, hw`I eQ‡ii gv‡S †bmv‡e wKQz NvUwZ †`Lv †`q
Ges eQi †kl nIqvi c~‡e©B †bmve cybivq c~Y© n‡q hvq| Avi hw` eQi †kl nIqvi
c~‡e© cybivq †bmve c~Y© bv nq, Zvn‡j hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e bv|
4. Kg©Pvix c~e© †_‡K †bmv‡ei gvwjK n‡q _vK‡j cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi UvKv †bmv‡ei †P‡q
Kg ev †ekx nvwmj nIqvi ci Zvi Dci GK eQi AwZevwnZ nIqv kZ© bq| eis c~e©
†_‡K †h gvj Zvi wbKU i‡q‡Q Gi Dci hw` c~Y© GK eQi AwZevwnZ nq (hw`I
eQ‡ii gv‡S †bmv‡e NvUwZ †`Lv †`q, wKš‘ eQi c~Y© nIqvi c~‡e©B NvUwZ c~iY n‡q
hvq) Zvn‡j cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi Dm~jK…Z UvKvi DciI hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e GB bZzb
UvKvi Dci GK w`b AwZevwnZ †nvK bv †Kb|
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi wgivQ
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi †h Ask Kg©Pvixi †eZb †_‡K KZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q, Kg©Pvixi g„Zy¨i ci
†m As‡k Ges gvwmK ewa©Z I evrmwiK B›Uv‡i÷ wn‡m‡e hv Rgv Kiv n‡q‡Q,
me¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Iqvwik‡`i Rb¨ wgiv‡Qi ûKzg Rvix n‡e| †Kbbv G As‡ki A_© Zvi
kª‡gi Acwi‡kvwaZ wewbgq, hv Zvi g„Zz¨i ci AwR©Z n‡e| myZivs Zvi g„Zz¨i ci
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi m¤c~Y© UvKv Zvi Iqvwik‡`i gv‡S kiÔqx eÈbbxwZ †gvZv‡eK ew›UZ
n‡e|
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi e¨vcv‡i Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. Gi me©‡kl dvZIqv
1362 wnRix‡Z hLb Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. Gi _vbvfe‡b gydZx kdx ivn.
cÖwf‡W›U dv‡Ûi weMZ w`‡bi hvKv‡Zi e¨vcv‡i Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| †m mgq wZwb
g„Zy¨kh¨vq wQ‡jb, Gi 6 gvm ci wZwb B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| ZLb Avkivd Avjx _vbfx
ivn. G gvmAvjvwU Mfxifv‡e M‡elYv Kivi Rb¨ Dcw¯’Z Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K civgk©
†`b| AZtci gyd&Zx kdx ivn. G e¨vcv‡i M‡elYv K‡i wKQz Z_¨ Zvui mvg‡b †ck
K‡ib, hvi mvivsk n‡jv, weMZ w`‡bi hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e bv| Zvi G Z_¨eûj †jLv
178 `imyj wdK&n
†`‡L Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn.346 AZ¨šÍ Lywk nb Ges Zvi M‡elYvjä welqwU‡K
Gg`v`yj dvZvIqvi Ask wn‡m‡e mve¨¯Í K‡ib| cvkvcvwk wZwb ¯^xq gZ (weMZ
w`‡bi hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e) †_‡K wd‡i Av‡mb|347

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Rmxg DÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
10 gynviig 1435wn.

346 nvKxgyj D¤§Z Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn.| 1280 wnRixi 5B iweDm mvbx e„n¯úwZevi _vbvfe‡b Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|
1301 wnRix‡Z `viæj Dj~g †`Ie›` †_‡K nv`x‡mi mb` jvf K‡ib| †`Ie‡›` Zuvi D¯Ívh‡`i g‡a¨ gvIjvbv BqvK~e
bvbyZex ivn. Ab¨Zg| wZwb hvwnix I evwZbx Bj‡gi Avavi wQ‡jb| nvRx Bg`v`jøvn gynvwR‡i g°x ivn. †_‡K
†LjvdZ jvf K‡ib| wZwb Bjgx †L`g‡Zi mv‡_ mv‡_ ZvhwKqvi †ÿ‡Î ms¯‹vig~jK †gnbZ K‡ib| Zuvi Ljxdvi
msL¨v 149 Rb| iPbvi RM‡ZI wbKU AwZ‡Z Zuvi bgybv weij| †QvU eo wg‡j Zuvi iPbvi msL¨v 877| 1362
wnRixi 12B iRe _vbvfe‡b B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -KviIqv‡b idZuv: 34
347 cÖwf‡W›U dvÛ ci hvKvZ AvIi my` Kv gvmAvjv
 179

F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb

gvIjvbv Rnxiæj nK Lyjbv
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv gvbe RvwZ‡K mvgvwRK Rxe wn‡m‡e m„wó K‡i‡Qb| KvD‡K abx KvD‡K
Mixe, KvD‡K kw³kvjx KvD‡K `ye©j K‡i m„wó K‡i‡Qb| †KD me wel‡q ¯^qsm¤ú~Y©
bq| cÖwZwU wel‡q G‡K A‡b¨i gyLv‡c¶x| mvnvh¨ wb‡Z nq A‡b¨i Áv‡bi, kw³i,
KL‡bv ev A‡_©i| Gfv‡e gvbe m„wói gv‡S i‡q‡Q gnvÁvbx Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi c„w_ex
cwiPvjbvi Ac~e© wnKgZ| †hgb, Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv KziAvb gvRx‡` Bikv` K‡ib-

¿
¾
½
¼
»
º
¹
¸
¶µ
´
³
²
±
°
¯

ÁÀ
ÒAvwg Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Rxe‡bvcKiY eÈb K‡i w`‡qwQ cvw_©e Rxe‡b Ges KwZcq‡K
KwZc‡qi Dci gh©v`v `vb K‡iwQ, hv‡Z G‡K Aci‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡i|Ó348
hvKvZ Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg †ivKb
hvKvZ Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg †ivKb| Avi hvKvZ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z †M‡j `vBb ev
F‡Yi Av‡jvPbv cÖvmw½Kfv‡e P‡j Av‡m| †Kbbv, gvbyl mvgvwRK Rxe wn‡m‡e KL‡bv
wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡b FY †bq, Avevi KL‡bv A‡b¨i cÖ‡qvR‡b FY †`q| Gfv‡e ci¯úi
F‡Yi Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi d‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv A‡b¨i gvj G cwigvY n¯ÍMZ nq, hv
hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡e wM‡q †cuŠ‡Q| ZvB GLb cÖkœ Rv‡M, †KD hw` KvD‡K cuvP jvL UvKv
FY †`q, A_ev †gvni ev ˆcwÎK m~‡Î Kv‡iv Kv‡Q cuvP jvL UvKv cvq, Zvn‡j G cuvP
jvL UvKvi hvKvZ wK FY`vZvi Dci IqvwRe n‡e? Zvi nv‡Z †Zv GLb D³ UvKv
†bB| bvwK FYMÖnxZvi Dci IqvwRe n‡e? Zvi nv‡Z bM` cuvP jvL UvKv _vK‡jI Zv
A‡b¨i gvwjKvbv m¤ú`| G ai‡bi mKj mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Rb¨ dzKvnv‡q †Kivg FY
m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| wb‡gœ Zv D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-
F‡Yi cwiPq
F‡Yi AvwfavwbK A_© n‡jv, cvIbv, avi, †`bv, KR©, BZ¨vw`| F‡Yi Aviex cÖwZkã
n‡jv, Ô`vBbÕ (‫ |)اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬Avi Bs‡iRx cÖwZkã nj, Ô†WUÕ ev Ô†jvbÕ (Debt, Loan)|
F‡Yi cvwifvwlK msÁv Avjøvgv gynv¤§` Avjx _vbfx ivn.349 Gfv‡e w`‡q‡Qb-
.‫ﻣﺎل واﺟﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺬﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﺪ أو اﻻﺳﺘﻬﻼك أو اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮاض‬

348 m~iv hyLiæd: 32

349 gynv¤§` _vbex: Avjv Be‡b Avjx Be‡b Kvhx gynv¤§v` nv‡g` Avj dviæKx AvZ _vbex ivn.| wZwb wnRix 11 kZvãxi
†jvK wQ‡jb| AvnKvgyj Aviv`x I Kvkkvdz Bw¯ÍjvnvwZj dzb~b Iqvj Dj~g Zuvi iPbvejxi Ab¨Zg| wZwb 1158
wnRix ch©šÍ RxweZ wQ‡jb GZUzKz wbwðZ Rvbv hvq|
180 `imyj wdK&n
ÒGgb A_© hv †Kv‡bv Pzw³ ev A‡b¨i wKQz bó Kiv A_ev A‡b¨i wKQz †bqvi Kvi‡Y
cwi‡kva Kiv Avek¨K nq|Ó350
F‡Yi cÖKvi‡f`
hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖwZeÜK nIqv bv nIqv wn‡m‡e FY wZb cÖKvi| h_v:
1. Lv‡jQ ev›`vi wbKU `vqe× FY| †hgb, KR©| 2. Avjøvni wbKU `vqe× FY, Z‡e
Zv ev›`vi c¶ †_‡K Dm~j Kiv nq| †hgb, hvKvZ| 3. Lv‡jQ Avjøvni wbKU `vqe×
FY hv ev›`vi c¶ †_‡K Dm~j Kiv nq bv| †hgb, gvbœZ, Kvd&dviv BZ¨vw`| DwjøwLZ
wZb cÖKvi †_‡K cÖ_g `yB cÖKvi FY hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖwZeÜK n‡e, Z…Zxq cÖKvi
cÖwZeÜK n‡e bv| †hgb Avj wdK&n Avjvj gvhvwnwej AvievÔAv MÖ‡š’ D‡jøL Av‡Q-
‫ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ أن‬،‫ اﻷول أن ﻳﻜﻮن دﻳﻨﺎ ﺧﺎﻟﺼﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎد‬،‫ ﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ إﻟﻰ ﺛﻠﺜﺔ أﻗﺴﺎم‬:‫اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
‫ واﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻫﻮ اﻹﻣﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﻮال‬.‫ ﻛﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬،‫ﻳﻜﻮن دﻳﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬
‫ أو ﻧﺎﺋﺐ اﻹﻣﺎم )اﻟﻤﻼك( ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﻮال اﻟﺒﺎﻃﻨﺔ وﻫﻲ أﻣﻮال‬،‫اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮة وﻫﻲ اﻟﺴﻮاﺋﻢ وﻣﺎ ﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ اﻷرض‬
،‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ أن ﻳﻜﻮن دﻳﻨﺎ ﺧﺎﻟﺼﺎ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬...‫ ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻫﺐ واﻟﻔﻀﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬
‫ ﻓﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻤﻨﻊ وﺟﻮب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬،‫ﻛﺪﻳﻮن اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﺎﻟﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺬور وﻛﻔﺎرات وﺻﺪﻗﺔ ﻓﻄﺮ وﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺣﺞ‬
.‫أﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ وﺟﻮب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬...‫ﻫﻮ دﻳﻦ اﻟﻘﺴﻤﻴﻦ اﻷوﻟﻴﻦ‬
ÒhvKvZ IqvwRe nIqvi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK nIqv bv nIqvi w`K †_‡K FY wZb cÖKvi|
1. Lv‡jQ ev›`vi FY| 2. Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi FY, wKš‘ ev›`vi c¶ †_‡K Zv Dm~j Kiv
nq| †hgb, hvKvZ| PZz®ú` Rš‘ Ges Rwg‡Z Drcbœ km¨, Dm~j Ki‡eb ev`kvn
(ivóªcÖavb)| Avi e¨emvwqK cY¨, ¯^Y©-‡iŠc¨ BZ¨vw` Dm~j Ki‡eb ev`kvni cÖwZwbwa|
3. Lv‡jQ Avjøvn& ZvÔAvjvi FY, hvi Dm~jKvix ev›`v bq| †hgb, gvbœZ, Kvd&dviv,
m`Kv‡q wdZ&i I n‡R¡i LiP| cÖ_g `yB cÖKvi FY hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e|
Z…Zxq cÖKvi FY hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e bv|Ó351
DwjøwLZ wZb cÖKv‡ii cÖ_g cÖKvi, Z_v Lv‡jQ ev›`vi Kv‡Q `vqe× FY Avevi wZb
ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i| h_v: 1. Awbw`©ó †gqv`x FY, hv †h †Kv‡bv mgq FYMÖnxZv Av`vq
Ki‡Z eva¨| 2. ¯^í †gqv`x FY, hv GK eQ‡ii †fZ‡i Av`v‡qi `vqe×Zv i‡q‡Q|
3. `xN© †gqv`x FY, hv GK eQ‡ii †fZ‡i Av`v‡qi `vqe×Zv †bB|
gvbyl wewfbœ cª‡qvR‡b FY †bq| KL‡bv †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi Rb¨| †hgb, wbgœweË
I ga¨we‡Ëi †jv‡Kiv †h FY MªnY K‡i _v‡K Zv mvaviYZ †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~iY Kivi
Rb¨| †Kv‡bv mgq cwi‡kv‡ai ZvwiL wbw`©ó K‡i, Avevi KL‡bv wbw`©ó K‡i bv| Z‡e
†h †Kv‡bv mgq cvIbv`vi `vex Ki‡j Zv Av`vq Ki‡Z eva¨ _v‡K| Avi D”PweË †kªYx

350 Kvk&kvdz Bw¯ÍjvnvwZj Dj~g Iqvj dzb~b: 1/814, gvKZvevZz †jevbb, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
351 wKZveyj wdK&n Avjvj gvhvwnwej AvievAv: 1/594, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb 181
mvaviYZ e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨vsK I wewfbœ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †_‡K FY MÖnY K‡i _v‡K,
Zv †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi Rb¨ bq, eis e¨emv m¤cÖmviY ev wgj-d¨v±wi cÖwZôvi
Rb¨B wb‡q _v‡K| myZivs Dfq cÖKvi F‡Yi weav‡b wfbœZv i‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ Dfq cÖKv‡ii
weavb eY©bv Kiv n‡jv|
†gŠwjK Pvwn`vi R‡b¨ †bqv F‡Yi hvKvZ
†h e¨w³ †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~iY Kivi j‡¶¨ FY MÖnY K‡i, Zv Awbw`©ó †gqv`x, ¯^í
†gqv`x ev `xN© †gqv`x †nvK F‡Yi cwigvY A_© hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei AšÍfy©³ n‡e bv|
A_©vr F‡Yi A_©mn Zvi m¤ú` hvKv‡Zi †bmve cwigvY n‡jI Zvi Dci hvKvZ dih
n‡e bv| n¨uv, FY ev` w`‡q evwK m¤ú` †bmve cwigvY n‡j Zvi Dci hvKvZ dih
n‡e| KviY, †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRbxq welqvw` (‫ )اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ‬hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡e wnmve Kiv
nq bv| ZvB †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †bqv FYI †bmv‡e wnmve Kiv n‡e bv|
†Kbbv, gvbyl †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbm Z_v Lv`¨, e¯¿, evm¯’v‡bi gva¨‡g †hfv‡e
Rxeb i¶v K‡i _v‡K, †Zgwbfv‡e †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi Rb¨ †bqv F‡Yi gva¨‡gI
Acgvb Ac`¯Í nIqv †_‡K wb‡R‡K i¶v K‡i _v‡K, hv Rxeb i¶vi bvgvšÍi| †hgbwU
Avjøvgv Be‡b Avwe`xb kvgx ivn. e‡j‡Qb-
،‫ وآﻻت اﻟﺤﺮب‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ ودور اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ‬،‫اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﻬﻼك ﻋﻦ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎ‬
‫ ﻛﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻮن ﻣﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻪ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ‬،‫ أو ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮا‬،‫واﻟﺜﻴﺎب اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻟﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﺤﺮ أو اﻟﺒﺮد‬
.‫ﻳﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺼﺎب دﻓﻌﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ اﻟﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﺬي ﻫﻮ ﻛﺎﻟﻬﻼك‬
Ò†gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRbxq e¯‘ n‡jv, hv gvbyl‡K cÖZ¨¶ a¶s‡mi nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡i|
†hgb, Lv`¨, evm¯’vb, hy×v¯¿, kxZKvjxb I MÖx®§Kvjxb cÖ‡qvRbxq †cvkvK| A_ev hv
gvbyl‡K c‡iv¶ a¶s‡mi nvZ †_‡K †ndvhZ K‡i| †hgb, FYMÖ¯Í e¨w³ Zvi Kv‡Q
_vKv †bmve cwigvY m¤ú` w`‡q wb‡R‡K aŸsmvZ¥K e›`x`kv †_‡K gy³ iv‡L|Ó352
Ggwbfv‡e Bgvg Avjx Avj-gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻛﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻄﺶ‬،‫وﻟﻨﺎ أﻧﻪ ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﺤﺎﺟﺘﻪ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﺎﻋﺘﺒﺮ ﻣﻌﺪوﻣﺎ‬
ÒFY cwi‡kva cwigvY A_© hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡e MY¨ n‡e bv| KviY Zv (FY cwigvY A_©)
†gŠwjK cª‡qvR‡bi AšÍf©y³| myZivs Zv bv _vKvi g‡ZvB| †hgb, Z…òvZ© e¨w³i wbKU
cvwb _vKv bv _vKvi g‡ZvB| (d‡j †m cvwb _vKv m‡Ë¡I Zvqv¤§yg Ki‡Z cv‡i|)Ó353
Ggwbfv‡e Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎن ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ وﺟﻮب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﺑﻘﺪرﻩ‬،‫ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬،‫ أن ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ دﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬:‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﺣﺎﻻّ ﻛﺎن أو ﻣﺆﺟﻼ‬

352 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/178, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

353 †n`vqv: 1/186, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
182 `imyj wdK&n
Ò†h mKj welq hvKvZ IqvwRe nIqvi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK Zvi ga¨ †_‡K GKwU n‡jv
ev›`vi Kv‡Q `vqe× FY| myZivs †Kv‡bv e¨w³ FYx n‡j Avgv‡`i g‡Z Zvi FY cwigvY
A_© hvKv‡Zi †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e, FY bM` †nvK ev evwK †nvK|Ó354
DwjøwLZ fvl¨mg~n †_‡K evwn¨Kfv‡e †evSv hvq †h, hvKv‡Zi †bmve †_‡K FY ev`
†`qv n‡e, FY †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvR‡b †bqv †nvK ev Ab¨ cÖ‡qvR‡b †bqv †nvK, ¯^í †gqv`x
†nvK ev `xN© †gqv`x †nvK| wKš‘ G mKj fv‡l¨ ïay †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvR‡b †bqv FY I ¯^í
†gqv`x FY D‡Ïk¨| A_©vr G `yÕcÖKv‡ii FY †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e| †gŠwjK
cÖ‡qvRb e¨ZxZ Ab¨ cÖ‡qvR‡b †bqv `xN© †gqv`x FY †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e bv|
G e¨vcv‡i we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv mvg‡b Avm‡e|
e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †bqv F‡Yi hvKvZ cÖm½
†gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb e¨ZxZ e¨emv ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv D‡Ï‡k¨ †h FY MÖnY Kiv nq, ZviI
wZb cÖKvi n‡q _v‡K|
1. Awbw`©ó †gqv`x FY, hv †h †Kv‡bv mgq cvIbv`vi `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges FYMÖnxZvI
Zv Av`vq Ki‡Z eva¨|
2. ¯^í †gqv`x FY, hv GK eQ‡ii †fZ‡i Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. `xN© †gqv`x FY, hv GK eQ‡ii †ewk mg‡qi Rb¨ †bqv n‡q _v‡K|
cÖ_g I wØZxq cÖKv‡ii ûKzg
cÖ_g cÖKvi FY †h‡nZz †h †Kv‡bv mgq FY`vZv‡K cwi‡kva Kiv jvM‡Z cv‡i,
Ggwbfv‡e wØZxq cÖKviI GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e, ZvB G `yÕcÖKvi FY
hvKv‡Zi †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e|
†h FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z †M‡j †bmve †_‡K Av`vq Ki‡Z nq Zv †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qvi
weavb nv`xm †_‡KI cÖZxqgvb nq| nhiZ Dmgvb ivwh.355 ighvb gv‡m ej‡Zb-
.‫ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ دﻳﻦ ﻓﻠﻴﺆد دﻳﻨﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺤﺼﻞ أﻣﻮاﻟﻜﻢ ﻓﺘﺆدون ﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬،‫ﻫﺬا ﺷﻬﺮ زﻛﺎﺗﻜﻢ‬
Ò†Zvgv‡`i hvKvZ Av`v‡qi gvm Dcw¯’Z| myZivs †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD FYx _vK‡j
†m †hb FY cwi‡kva K‡i †`q, hv‡Z †Zvgv‡`i gvwjKvbvaxb m¤ú` c„_K n‡q hvq|
AZtci †mLvb †_‡K hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡e|Ó356
DwjøwLZ nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﺗﻠﻚ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﺑﻘﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ زﻛﺎة‬،‫وﺑﻬﺬا ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ دﻳﻦ وﻟﻪ ﻣﺎل ﻓﻠﻴﺪﻓﻊ دﻳﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬

354 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/390, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi

355 Avgxiæj gywgbxb Dmgvb Be‡b Avd&dvb Be‡b Avwej Avm Be‡b DgvBqv Be‡b Ave‡` kvgm Be‡b Ave‡` gvbvd
Dgvex ivwh.| Avey eKi ivwh. Gi nv‡Z Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib| wZwb 35 wnRix‡Z kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj:
602
356 gyAvËv gv‡jK: 107, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb 183
،‫ وإن ﻛﺎن اﻟﺬى ﺑﻘﻲ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺄﺗﺎ درﻫﻢ أو ﻋﺸﺮون ﻣﺜﻘﺎﻻ ذﻫﺒﺎ ﻓﺼﺎﻋﺪا‬
.‫ وﻫﻮ ﻗﻮل أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬،‫ﻓﻠﻴﺴﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ زﻛﺎة‬
ÒG nv`xm Øviv Avgiv `jxj w`‡q _vwK †h, †Kv‡bv FYMÖ¯Í e¨w³i hw` m¤ú` _v‡K,
Zvn‡j †m Zv †_‡K Zvi FY cwi‡kva Ki‡e| FY cwi‡kv‡ai c‡i hw` hvKvZ IqvwRe
nIqvi cwigvY m¤ú` _v‡K, Z_v 200 w`invg (52.5 fwi iƒcv ev Zvi mgg~‡j¨i
e¨emvwqK cY¨ _v‡K) ev 20 wgmKvj ev Z‡ZvwaK ¯^Y© _v‡K, Zvn‡j †m cwigv‡Y
hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| Avi hw` FY Av`v‡qi c‡i D³ cwigvY evwK bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j
†m †¶‡Î hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e bv| GUvB Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi AwfgZ|Ó357
nhiZ AvãyjøvnBe‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ ﻓﻼ زﻛﺎة ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﻟﺮﺟﻞ أﻟﻒ درﻫﻢ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ أﻟﻒ درﻫﻢ‬
Ò†Kv‡bv e¨w³i Kv‡Q hw` bM` GK nvRvi w`invg _v‡K, Avevi †m GK nvRvi
w`inv‡gi FYx nq, Zvn‡j Zvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e bv|Ó358
Dc‡ivwjøwLZ nhiZ Dmgvb ivwh. I nhiZ AvãyjøvnBeb Igi ivwh. Gi evYxØq Ges
Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi e³e¨ †_‡K eySv hvq †h, FY Av`v‡qi cÖ‡qvR‡bi Kvi‡YB
hvKv‡Zi †bmve †_‡K FY cwigvY A_© ev` w`‡Z n‡e| Zvn‡j Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi,
hvKv‡Zi †bmve †_‡K FY cwigvY ev` †`qvi †¶‡Î F‡Yi H cwigvY aZ©e¨ n‡e hv
Av`vq Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Ges Av`vq Ki‡j hvKv‡Zi †bmve Kg ev †kl n‡q hvq|
Z…Zxq cÖKv‡ii ûKzg
Z…Zxq cÖKvi n‡jv `xN© †gqv`x FY, hv GK eQ‡iiI †ewk †gqv`x n‡q _v‡K| †hgb
A‡bK abx gvbyl Ggb hv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb c~iY Kivi gZ bM` A_©, Mvwo-evwo, e¨emv-
evwYR¨ Av‡Q ZviciI wb‡R‡`i Rxeb hvc‡bi gvb Av‡iv DbœZ Kivi j‡¶¨ e¨vsK ev
†Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †_‡K `xN© †gqv`x wKw¯Í‡Z FY wb‡q e¨emv-evwYR¨ I wkí
KviLvbv cÖwZôv K‡i| †hgb, hv‡q‡`i Mvwo-evwo I GKwU KviLvbv Av‡Q| hvi gva¨‡g
Zvi Rxeb hvcb fvjB Pj‡Q| Av‡iv Avw_©K DbœwZ jv‡fi Rb¨ Av‡iKwU KviLvbv
Ki‡Z Pv‡”Q, hvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb Qq †KvwU UvKv, wKš‘ Zvi Kv‡Q Av‡Q gvÎ GK †KvwU
UvKv| GLb †m cuvP †KvwU UvKv e¨vsK ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †_‡K cuvP eQ‡ii
`xN© †gqv`x wKw¯Í‡Z FY wb‡jv| cÖwZ eQi GK †KvwU UvKv K‡i cuvP eQ‡i †gvU cuvP
†KvwU UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e| GLb Zvi mgy`q m¤ú` †_‡K m¤ú~Y© FY‡K ev`
w`‡q hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei wn‡me Kiv n‡e, bvwK evrmwiK wKw¯Í wn‡m‡e hv Av‡m ïay Zv
ev` †`qv n‡e?
G wel‡q c~e©eZx© dzKvnv‡q †Kivg †_‡K †Kv‡bv eY©bv cvIqv hvq bv| Bgvg Bebyj
357 gyAvËv gynv¤§`: 1/172, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`; BÔjvDm mybvb: 9/110, B`vivZzj KzvAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj
Bmjvwgq¨vn, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
358 AvIRvhyj gvmv‡jK: 5/293, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
184 `imyj wdK&n
ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻫﻞ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺠﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺸﻬﻴﺪ ﻻرواﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
Ò`xN© †gqv`x FY wK hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖwZeÜK n‡e? †hgwbfv‡e ¯^í †gqv`x FY
cÖwZeÜK nq| c~e©eZx© dzKvnv‡q †Kivg †_‡K G e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv eY©bv cvIqv hvq
bv|Ó359
c~e©eZx© dzKvnv‡q †Kivg hvKvZ Aa¨v‡q F‡Yi †h Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb Zv †_‡K
cÖZxqgvb nq †h, gvby‡li Kv‡Q `vqe× †h †Kv‡bv FY hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡e AšÍfy©³ n‡e
bv, FY ¯^í †gqv`x †nvK ev `xN© †gqv`x| †hgb, Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. Gi
c~‡e©v³ e³e¨ †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| Ggwbfv‡e Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx
ivn. e‡jb-
‫أو ﻣﺆﺟﻼ‬،‫ أو ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ وﻟﻮ ﻛﻔﺎﻟﺔ‬،‫ ﻛﺰﻛﺎة وﺧﺮاج‬،‫)ﻓﺎرغ ﻋﻦ دﻳﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻌﺒﺎد( ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن ﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ إﻟﺦ‬.‫وﻟﻮ ﺻﺪاق زوﺟﺘﻪ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﻞ ﻟﻠﻔﺮاق‬
Ò(hvKvZ IqvwRe nIqvi Rb¨ m¤ú`) ev›`vi cÖvc¨ FY †_‡K gy³ n‡Z n‡e| D³ FY
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi †nvK †hgb, hvKvZ, LvivR BZ¨vw` A_ev ev›`vi †nvK, Zv
Kvdvjv‡Zi (A‡b¨i F‡Yi `vwqZ¡ †bqvi) Kvi‡Y †nvK ev FYwU `xN© †gqv`x †nvK Ges
hw`I Zv ¯¿xi evwK †gvni †nvK bv †Kb|Ó360
DwjøwLZ fvl¨Ø‡q ¯^í †gqv`x I `xN© †gqv`x F‡Yi gv‡S †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ Kiv nqwb|
Z‡e †gvn‡i gyÔAv¾vj (evwK †gvn‡ii) hvKv‡Zi weav‡bi w`‡K j¶¨ Ki‡j ¯^í
†gqv`x I `xN© †gqv`x F‡Yi hvKv‡Z ûKzgMZ cv_©‡K¨i welqwU my¯úó nq|
†gvn‡i gyÔAv¾vj (‫ )اﻟﻤﻬﺮ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﻞ‬A_©vr evwK †gvni hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ evav n‡e wK bv? G
wel‡q wdK&‡ni wKZv‡e mwe¯Ív‡i Av‡jvPbv cvIqv hvq| GLv‡b gvmAvjvwU ms‡¶‡c
D‡jøL KiZt g~j wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e BbkvAvjøvn&|
†gvn‡i gyÔAv¾vj hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ evav n‡e wK bv? G wel‡q GKvwaK gZ cvIqv hvq|
1. †gvn‡i gyÔAv¾vj hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖwZeÜK n‡e| A_©vr †gvn‡i gyÔAv¾vjmn hw`
m¤ú` †bmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j Zvi Dci hvKvZ dih n‡e bv| †Kbbv, †gvn‡i
gyÔAv¾vj‡K †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e|
2. †gvn‡i gyÔAv¾vj hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ evav n‡e bv, eis Zv †bmv‡e wnmve Kiv n‡e|
3. ¯^vgx hw` †gvni Av`vq Kivi B”Qv K‡i, Zvn‡j Zv evav n‡e, Ab¨_vq evav n‡e
bv|
†hgb Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. D‡jøL K‡ib-

359 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/173, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

360 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 3/176-177, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb 185
‫ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ إذا ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻳﺆاﺧﺬ‬،‫ ﻣﻌﺠﻼ ﻛﺎن أو ﻣﺆﺟﻼ‬،‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ وﺟﻮب اﻟﺰﻛﺎة ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬،‫وﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻬﺮ اﻟﻤﺮأة‬
‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﺠﻞ ﻓﻴﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺎدة‬،‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺎدة‬،‫ إن اﻟﻤﺆﺟﻞ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺨﻨﺎ‬.‫ﺑﻪ‬
،‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺰم اﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ‬،‫ إن ﻛﺎن اﻟﺰوج ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺰم ﻣﻦ ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻪ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ‬: ‫ وﻗﺎل ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻤﻨﻊ‬
‫اﻫـ‬.‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺆاﺧﺬ اﻟﻤﺮء ﺑﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم‬،‫ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺪﻩ دﻳﻨﺎ‬
ÒAvgv‡`i wbKU †gvni bM` †nvK ev evwK †nvK hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK
n‡e| †Kbbv, ¯¿x hLb †gvni PvB‡e, ZLb ¯^vgx Zv w`‡Z eva¨| Z‡e Avgv‡`i †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv dKx‡ni g‡Z evwK †gvni †h‡nZz PvIqv nq bv, ZvB Zv hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î
cÖwZeÜK n‡e bv| c¶všÍ‡i bM` †gvni †h‡nZz PvIqv nq ZvB Zv hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î
cÖwZeÜK n‡e| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Av‡j‡gi g‡Z ¯^vgx hw` †gvni Av`v‡qi msKí K‡i,
Zvn‡j Zv hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e| Avi hw` Av`v‡qi e¨vcv‡i msKíe× bv
nq, Zvn‡j Zv cÖwZeÜK n‡e bv| †Kbbv ZLb †mUv FY aiv n‡e bv|Ó361
Avjøvgv dwi`yÏxb †`njfx ivn. e‡jb-
‫اﻫـ‬.‫ وذﻛﺮ ﻣﺠﺪ اﻷﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻳﺨﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ‬،‫ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬:‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﻞ‬
Ò†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv gvkv‡q‡Li g‡Z `xN© †gqv`x FY hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e| Z‡e
gvR`yj AvB¤§v ¯^xq gvkv‡qL †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib †h, `xN© †gqv`x FY hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î
cÖwZeÜK bq|Ó362
evwK †gvn‡ii Av‡jvPbvi Dci wfwË K‡i `xN© †gqv`x FY hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK
nIqv bv nIqvi e¨vcv‡i dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi gZv‰b‡K¨i welqwUI D‡V Av‡m| Z‡e
Avjøvgv †Kv‡n¯Ívbx ivn.363 cÖwZeÜK bv nIqvi gZwU‡K mnxn e‡j‡Qb Ges Ab¨vb¨
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg G gZwU MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ أو ﻣﺆﺟﻼ وﻟﻮ‬،‫ ﻛﺰﻛﺎة وﺧﺮاج أو ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ وﻟﻮ ﻛﻔﺎﻟﺔ‬،‫)ﻓﺎرغ ﻋﻦ دﻳﻦ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﻌﺒﺎد( ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن ﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫اﻫـ‬.‫ﺻﺪاق زوﺟﺘﻪ اﻟﻤﺆﺟﻞ ﻟﻠﻔﺮاق‬
DwjøwLZ fv‡l¨i e¨vL¨vq Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ ﻻرواﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل اﻟﺼﺪر اﻟﺸﻬﻴﺪ‬،‫ وﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ‬:‫ﻋﺰاﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺮاج إﻟﻰ ﺷﺮح اﻟﻄﺤﺎوي و ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ واﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ أﻧﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ‬:‫ زاد اﻟﻘﻬﺴﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﻮاﻫﺮ‬،‫وﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻊ و ﻋﺪﻣﻪ وﺟﻪ‬
Ò(gvby‡li Kv‡Q `vqe× mKj cÖKvi FY †_‡K gy³ n‡Z n‡e| hw`I FYwU `xN© †gqv`x
nq, hvKvZ IqvwRe nIqvi Rb¨ Ggb kZ©‡K) †gÕivR wKZv‡e kiûZ& Zvnvex Gi w`‡K

361 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/84, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

362 dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 3/22-23, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
363 gynv¤§` Be‡b ûmvgyÏxb Avj †Lvivmvbx Avj †Kv‡n¯Ívbx kvgmyÏxb Avj nvbvdx ivn.| wZwb 962 wnRix‡Z B‡šÍKvj

K‡ib| Rv‡gDi iægyR dx kiwnb byKvqv I Rv‡gDj gvevbx dx kiwn wdKwnj Kvq`vbx Zvi Ab¨Zg iPbv| -
nvw`qvZzj Avwidxb: 2/244
186 `imyj wdK&n
m¤^Ü K‡i e‡jb, `xN© †gqv`x FY hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e bv| Avi
Q`iæk knx` ivn. e‡jb, ÔG wel‡q dzKvnv‡q †Kivg †_‡K †Kv‡bv eY©bv †bB|Õ `xN©
†gqv`x FY cÖwZeÜK nIqv bv nIqv Dfq w`‡Ki `jxj i‡q‡Q| Z‡e Avjøvgv
†Kv‡n¯Ívbx ivn. RvIqvwniæj dvZvIqvÕi eivZ w`‡q e‡jb, G wel‡q mwVK gZ n‡jv
`xN© †gqv`x FY hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e bv|Ó364
G gZwU hyw³i w`K †_‡K kw³kvjx| KviY, FY †bmv‡e AšÍfy©³ bv nIqvi wfwË n‡jv,
ev›`vi Kv‡Q `vqe× _vKv Ges FY Av`vq Ki‡j g~j †bmve †_‡KB Av`vq Kiv| GLv‡b
wØZxq welqwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© A_©vr FYwU Ggb ch©v‡qi, †h FYMÖ¯Í e¨w³ FY Av`vq Ki‡Z
†M‡j hvKv‡Zi †bmve evwK _vK‡e bv| nv`xm I dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi wKQz fvl¨ †_‡K
G welqwU Av‡iv cwi®‹vi n‡q Av‡m| †hgb nhiZ Dmgvb ivwh. I Be‡b Igi ivwh.
Gi DwjøwLZ nv`xmØq †_‡K eySv hvq †h, H FYB hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei Rb¨ evav n‡e,
hv Dcw¯’Z gvj †_‡K Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| FY Av`v‡qi ci †bmve cwigvY Aewkó
_vK‡j hvKvZ dih n‡e, Ab¨_vq dih n‡e bv| Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. Gi
GKwU fvl¨ †_‡KI welqwU cwi®‹vi nq-
‫ ﻓﻴﻤﻨﻊ‬،‫ ﻷن اﻟﻤﺎﻧﻊ ﻗﺎرن اﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬،‫ إﻧﻪ إن ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻮل ﻳﻤﻨﻊ‬:‫وﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻓﻴﻤﻦ ﺿﻤﻦ اﻟﺪرك ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺤﻖ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻊ‬
‫ اﻫـ‬.‫ ﻷﻧﻪ دﻳﻦ ﺣﺎدث‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا اﺳﺘﺤﻖ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺤﻮل ﻻﻳﺴﻘﻂ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬،‫اﻟﻮﺟﻮب‬
Ò†Kv‡bv cY¨ weµ‡qi mgq hw` †KD G `vwqZ¡ †bq †h, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` wewµZ
c‡Y¨i gvwjK n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j †µZvi ¶wZc~iY †m w`‡e| G Rvgvb‡Zi e¨vcv‡i
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg e‡jb, hw` PjwZ eQ‡i IB wewµZ c‡Y¨i gvwjKvbv †KD `vwe K‡i,
Zvn‡j G FY Rvwgb`v‡ii hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e| †Kbbv,
cÖwZeÜKwU (FYwU) hvKvZ IqvwRe nIqvi KviY (Z_v PjwZ eQ‡ii †bmv‡ei) mv‡_
m¤ú„³| myZivs Zv hvKvZ IqvwRe nIqvi †¶‡Î evav n‡e| Avi hw` GK eQi ci
†KD gvwjKvbv `vwe K‡i, Zvn‡j G FY hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜK n‡e bv| †Kbbv,
Zv eQi c~Y© nIqvi ci BZqvq bZzb FY wn‡m‡e mve¨¯Í n‡e|Ó365
DwjøwLZ fvl¨ †_‡KI ¯^í †gqv`x I `xN© †gqv`x F‡Yi ûKz‡gi wfbœZvi welqwU ey‡S
Av‡m| mv‡_ mv‡_ G K_vI ¯úó nq †h, †h F‡Yi †gqv` GK eQ‡ii †ewk n‡e, Zv
`xN© †gqv`x FY| Gi †P‡q Kg n‡j, Zv ¯^í †gqv`x FY| †Kbbv GK eQ‡ii c~‡e©
gvwjKvbv `vwei Kvi‡Y hw` ¶wZc~iY w`‡Z nq, Zvn‡j Zv †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv nq|
myZivs eySv †M‡jv GUvB ¯^í †gqv`x F‡Yi m‡e©v”P mgq| Avi hw` GK eQi ci `vwei
Kvi‡Y ¶wZc~iY w`‡Z nq, Zvn‡j Zv †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv nq bv| myZivs eySv
†M‡jv GUv `xN© †gqv`x F‡Yi me©wbgœ mgq|
hvKv‡Zi gvmAvjvi †¶‡Î GKwU ¸iZ¡c~Y© welq n‡jv, kixÔAv‡Zi Pvwn`v I hvKv‡Zi
364 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/176-177, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
365 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/84, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb 187
g~j D‡Ï‡k¨i cÖwZ †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| Avi hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î kixÔAv‡Zi Pvwn`v n‡jv,
Mwi‡ei cÖwZ j¶¨ ivLv| ZvB dKxnMY hvKv‡Zi †¶‡Î GKwU g~jbxwZ wba©viY
K‡i‡Qb| Zv n‡jv, †hLv‡b hvKvZ IqvwRe nIqv Ges bv nIqv DfqwUi m¤¢vebv
_v‡K, †mLv‡b hvKvZ IqvwRe mve¨¯Í Kiv n‡e| †hgb, Kv‡iv wbKU hw` †mvbv I iƒcv
DfqwU _v‡K, wKš‘ c„_Kfv‡e †Kv‡bvwUi †bmveB c~Y© nq bv| Z‡e DfqwU wgjv‡j
iƒcvi g~j¨ wn‡m‡e hvKv‡Zi †bmve c~Y© nq, Zvn‡j †m‡¶‡Î hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e|
†Kbbv, G‡Z Mwi‡ei DcKvi nq|
eZ©gv‡b gvbyl A_©‰bwZK DbœwZi Rb¨ e¨emv-evwYR¨ I Ab¨vb¨ jvfRbK Lv‡Z e¨vsK
†_‡K wKw¯Í‡Z weivU As‡Ki FY wb‡q wewb‡qvM K‡i _v‡K| G m¤ú` Zvi Kv‡Q
Drcv`bkxj m¤ú` wn‡m‡e _v‡K, hv‡K dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi cwifvlvq Ôwej †dÔj gv‡j
bvgxÕ (‫ )ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺎل ﻧﺎﻣﻲ‬ev eZ©gv‡b Drcv`bkxj m¤ú` e‡j| G FY‡K hw` hvKv‡Zi
†bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv nq, Zvn‡j hvKv‡Zi cwigvY A‡bK K‡g hv‡e| d‡j Mwieiv
¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡e| ZvB cieZx© Ijvgv‡q †Kivg †hfv‡e evwK †gvni‡K hvKv‡Zi †bmve
†_‡K ev` †`bwb, wVK †Zgwbfv‡e e¨vsK †_‡K e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †bqv †gvUv As‡Ki
mgy`q FYI †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e bv| Z‡e evrmwiK hZ UvKv wKw¯Í w`‡Z nq,
ïay †m cwigvY ev` w`‡q evwK m¤ú`‡K hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei AšÍf©y³ K‡i Zvi Dci
hvKvZ IqvwR‡ei dvqmvjv Kiv n‡e|
F‡Yi Dci Av‡ivwcZ my` cÖm½
DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K GKwU cÖkœ Rv‡M| Zv n‡jv, Avgiv Rvwb e¨vsK †_‡K FY
wb‡j g~j F‡Yi mv‡_ my`I hy³ Kiv nq Ges Av`v‡qi mgq my`mn Av`vq Ki‡Z nq|
GLb cªkœ n‡jv, g~j F‡Yi mv‡_ my`I wK hvKv‡Zi †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e? bvwK
my` ev` †`qv n‡e bv? D`vniY ¯^iƒc, †Kv‡bv e¨w³ 10 jvL UvKv 10 eQi †gqv‡`,
cÖwZ eQi GK jvL 20 nvRvi UvKv cwi‡kv‡ai k‡Z© FY wb‡jv| GLb cÖwZ eQi GK
jvL 20 nvRvi UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z nq| g~j FY GK jvL UvKv Avi wek nvRvi UvKv
my`| c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbvq Avgiv Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, F‡Yi D³ 1 jvL UvKv hvKv‡Zi
†bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, my‡`i 20 nvRvi UvKvI wK ev` †`qv
n‡e?
Avgiv Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Zi w`‡K ZvKv‡j †`L‡Z cvB †h, my`‡K AZ¨šÍ K‡Vvifv‡e
nvivg Kiv n‡q‡Q| my‡`i e¨vcv‡i Ggb KwVb mZK©evYx D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv Ab¨
†Kv‡bv Kexiv ¸bv‡ni †¶‡Î D‡jøL Kiv nqwb| cweÎ KziAvbyj Kvix‡g Bikv` n‡q‡Q-

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Ò†n gywgbMbY! †Zvgiv Avjøvn‡K fq K‡iv Ges my‡`i hv e‡Kqv Av‡Q ZvI †Q‡o `vI
188 `imyj wdK&n
hw` †Zvgiv gyÕwgb nI| hw` †Zvgiv bv Qvo Z‡e Avjøvn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji mv‡_ hy‡×i
Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z nI|Ó366
nv`x‡mI my‡`i e¨vcv‡i KwVb agwK G‡m‡Q| nhiZ Avey RynvBdv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
. ‫إن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻟﻌﻦ آﻛﻞ اﻟﺮﺑﺎ وﻣﻮﻛﻠﻪ‬
ÒnhiZ AvãyjøvnBe‡b gvmD` ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyjøvn my` `vZv
367
I MÖnxZvi cÖwZ Awfm¤úvZ K‡i‡Qb|Ó
DwjøwLZ mZK©evYxmn KziAvb I nv`x‡m †h mg¯Í mZK©evYx I Awfkvc D‡jøL Kiv
n‡q‡Q, Zv †_‡K cÖgvwYZ nq, g~j FY hvKv‡Zi †bmv‡ei wnmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡jI
F‡Yi Dci Av‡ivwcZ my‡`i cwigvY A_© †bmv‡ei wnmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e bv|
KviY Zv FY bq; eis Zvi m¤ú~Y© gvwjKvbvaxb m¤ú`|
FY`vZvi hvKvZ cÖm½
BwZc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q FYMÖnxZvi hvKv‡Zi weavb m¤ú‡K©| GLb Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡e FY`vZvi (A_©vr cvIbv UvKvi) hvKv‡Zi weavb m¤ú‡K©| hvKv‡Zi weavb wn‡m‡e
FY wZb cÖKvi|
1. Ô`vB‡b KvexÕ (‫ ) اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻘﻮي‬ev kw³kvjx FY| bM` A_© cÖ`vb ev †Kv‡bv e¨emvwqK
c‡Y¨i wewbg‡q gvbyl †h A‡_©i nK`vi nq, Zv‡K Ô`vB‡b KvexÕ ev kw³kvjx FY e‡j|
F‡Yi G cÖKv‡ii ûKzg n‡jv, hw` G FY †bmve cwigvY nq Ges Zv FYMÖnxZvi Kv‡Q
GK eQi _v‡K, Zvn‡j Pwjøk w`invg (10.5 fwi iƒcv ev Zvi mgg~j¨) n¯ÍMZ n‡j
GK w`invg (34 iwZ iƒcv ev Zvi mgg~j¨) hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
2. Ô`vB‡b gyZvIqvm&wmZÕ (‫ )اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ev ga¨g FY| e¨emvwqK cY¨ e¨ZxZ Ab¨
wKQzi wewbg‡q gvbyl †h A‡_©i nK`vi nq, Zv‡K Ô`vB‡b gyZvIqvm&wmZÕ ev ga¨g FY
e‡j| †hgb, emev‡mi ¯’vb, †Mvjvg, mIqvix BZ¨vw`i wewbg‡q †h g~j¨ cvIqv hvq|
F‡Yi G cÖKv‡ii ûKzg n‡jv, hw` cvIbv UvKv †bmve cwigvY nq Ges Zv FYMÖnxZvi
wbKU GK eQi _v‡K, Zvn‡j †bmve cwigvY n¯ÍMZ nIqvi ci weMZ eQimn hvKvZ
w`‡Z n‡e|
3. Ô`vB‡b hqxdÕ (‫ )اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ‬ev `ye©j FY| gvj e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y gvbyl
†h A‡_©i nK`vi nq, Zv‡K Ô`vB‡b hqxdÕ ev `ye©j FY e‡j| †hgb, †gvni,
Iqvwikm~‡Î cªvß m¤ú` I AwmqZ BZ¨vw`i Kvi‡Y cÖvß A‡_©i FY| G cÖKvi F‡Yi
ûKzg n‡jv, †bmve cwigvY m¤ú` n¯ÍMZ nIqvi ci Zvi Dci c~Y© GK eQi AwZevwnZ
n‡j hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e, Ab¨_vq IqvwRe n‡e bv| Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-

366 m~iv evKviv: 278-279

367 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 5962
 F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb 189
‫( وﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﻫﻮ ﺑﺪل‬۲) ‫( ﻗﻮي وﻫﻮ ﺑﺪل اﻟﻘﺮض وﻣﺎل اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬۱) ‫ﻗﺴﻢ أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ إﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻗﺴﺎم‬
،‫( وﺿﻌﻴﻒ وﻫﻮ ﺑﺪل ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻤﺎل‬۳) ‫ﻣﺎل ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎرة ﻛﺜﻤﻦ ﺛﻴﺎب اﻟﺒﺬﻟﺔ وﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ودار اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻬﺮ واﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔ وﺑﺪل اﻟﺨﻠﻊ واﻟﺼﻠﺢ ﻋﻦ دم اﻟﻌﻤﺪ واﻟﺪﻳﺔ وﺑﺪل اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ واﻟﺴﻌﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻔﻲ اﻟﻘﻮي ﺗﺠﺐ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬
‫ وﻓﻲ‬،‫ وﻛﺬا ﻓﻴﻤﺎ زاد ﻓﺒﺤﺴﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ درﻫﻢ‬،‫إذا ﺣﺎل اﻟﺤﻮل وﻳﺘﺮاﺧﻰ اﻷداء إﻟﻰ أن ﻳﻘﺒﺾ أرﺑﻌﻴﻦ درﻫﻤﺎ‬
‫ وﻓﻲ اﻟﻀﻌﻴﻒ ﻻ‬،‫ وﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻣﻀﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻮل ﻓﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻻ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﺎ‬
.‫ﺗﺠﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﺾ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﺎ وﻳﺤﻮل اﻟﺤﻮل ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻘﺒﺾ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
ÒBgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. FY‡K wZb fv‡M wef³ K‡i‡Qb- 1.Ô`vB‡b KvexÕ ev
kw³kvjx FY; hv KR© ev e¨emvwqK c‡Y¨i wewbg‡q cÖvß nq| 2.Ô`vB‡b
gyZvIqvm&wmZÕ ev ga¨g FY; hv e¨emvwqK cY¨ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ wKQzi wewbg‡q cªvß nq|
†hgb, e¨eüZ Kvco, †L`g‡Zi †Mvjvg, emev‡mi Ni BZ¨vw`i wewbg‡q cÖvß g~j¨|
3. Ô`vB‡b hÔqxdÕ ev `ye©j FY; hv m¤ú` e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y cÖvß nq| †hgb,
†gvni, IwmqZ, e`jyj LyjvÕ (¯¿x KZ©K „ ¯^vgx‡K cÖ`Ë A_© hvi wewbg‡q †m ZvjvK MÖnY
K‡i|) Ômyjvn& Avb& `vwgj AvÕg`Õ (†h A‡_©i wewbg‡q wbnZ e¨w³i AwffveKMY
†¯^”Qvq nZ¨vKvixi mv‡_ mg‡SvZv K‡i|) Ôe`jyj& wKZvevZÕ (IB A_© hv †Kv‡bv
†Mvjvg ¯^xq gvwjK‡K ¯^vaxb nIqvi Rb¨ cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|) ÒwmqvÕqvn&Ó (IB A_© hv
†Kv‡bv †Mvjvg Zvi DcvwR©Z m¤ú` †_‡K IB e¨w³‡K Av`vq K‡i _v‡K †h gvwjK
†_‡K Zv‡K Avhv` K‡i w`‡q‡Q|) (D³ wZb cÖKvi F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi ûKzg n‡jv) cÖ_g
cÖKvi F‡Yi Dci eQi c~Y© nIqvi ci Zv n¯ÍMZ n‡Z †`wi n‡j cÖwZ Pwjøk w`invg
n¯ÍMZ nIqvi ci Zv †_‡K GK w`invg Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g Av`vq
Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi weï× eY©bvg‡Z wØZxq cÖKvi FY †_‡K †bmve cwigvY m¤ú` n¯ÍMZ
nIqvi ci c~e©eZ©x eQ‡ii hvKvZmn Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Z…Zxq cªKvi FY †_‡K
†bmve cwigvY m¤ú` n¯ÍMZ n‡j Zvi Dci c~Y© GK eQi AwZµvšÍ nIqvi ci Zv‡Z
hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e|Ó368
mviK_v t FY hvKv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖwZeÜK nIqv bv nIqv wn‡m‡e wZb cÖKvi| 1. Lv‡jQ
Avjøvni wbKU `vqe× FY| †hgb, gvbœZ, Kvd&dviv BZ¨vw`| G FY hvKv‡Zi †bmve
†_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e bv| 2. Avjøvni wbKU `vqe× FY, Z‡e Zv ev›`vi c¶ †_‡K
Dm~j Kiv nq| †hgb, hvKvZ| F‡Yi G cÖKvi hvKv‡Zi †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e|
3. Lv‡jQ ev›`vi wbKU `vqe× FY| G cÖKviwU Avevi cÖ_gZ `yÕcÖKvi| 1. †gŠwjK
cÖ‡qvR‡b †bqv FY| G cÖKvi †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e| FYwU Awbw`©ó †gqv`x †nvK
A_ev ¯^í †gqv`x ev `xN© †gqv`x †nvK| 2. †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb e¨ZxZ Ab¨ cÖ‡qvR‡b
†bqv FY| GwU Avevi wZb cÖKvi| h_v: K. Awbw`©ó †gqv`x| 2. ¯^í †gqv`x| G

368 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/176, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; Avj gvem~Z: 2/201; dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb: 1/156;
ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q:2/90, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
190 `imyj wdK&n
`yÕcÖKvi †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e| 3. `xN© †gqv`x FY| G FYwU †bmve †_‡K ev`
†`qv n‡e bv| Z‡e hw` wKw¯Í‡Z cwi‡kva Kiv nq, Zvn‡j GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨ †h cwigvY
cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e, ïay Zv †bmve †_‡K ev` †`qv n‡e|
cvIbv wn‡m‡e FY Avevi wZb cÖKvi| 1. kw³kvjx FY| G FY MÖnxZvi wbKU _vK‡jI
hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| Z‡e Kgc‡¶ Pwjøk w`invg (101/2 fwi iƒcv ev Zvi mgg~j¨ )
n¯ÍMZ nIqvi c~‡e© hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e bv| Pwjøk w`invg n¯ÍMZ n‡j GK
w`invg (34 iwZ iƒcv ev Zvi mgg~j¨) Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| 2. ga¨g ai‡bi FY| G
cÖKviI MÖnxZvi wbKU _vKv Ae¯’vq hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| Z‡e †bmve cwigvY n¯ÍMZ
nIqvi c~‡e© Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e bv| †bmve cwigvY n¯ÍMZ n‡j weMZ eQimn hvKvZ
Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| 3. `ye©j FY| G cÖKvi FY hw` †bmve cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j n¯ÍMZ
nIqvi ci GK eQi AwZµvšÍ n‡j Zvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| Ab¨_vq IqvwRe
n‡e bv|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 07 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
14 iweDj AvDIqvj 1435wn.
 191

†kqvi I cÖvBRe‡Ûi hvKv‡Zi weavb

gvIjvbv Avgxbyj Bmjvg gv`vixcyix
hvKvZ Av`v‡qi †hvM¨ ab-m¤ú‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg m¤ú` n‡jv e¨emvwqK cY¨| Kv‡ji
AveZ©‡b e¨emvi iƒc I KvVv‡gvi gv‡S cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q| eZ©gv‡b eûj Av‡jvwPZ
GKwU e¨emvi bvg n‡jv R‡q›U ÷K †Kv¤úvwb| ¯^vfvweK Kvi‡YB Gi †kqvi µq-
weµq Pvjy nq| G m~Pbv weMZ mß`k ev Aóv`k kZvãx‡Z| Ab¨ w`‡K eZ©gv‡b FY
MÖnY Kiv I FY †`qvi Rb¨ m¤ú`kvjx‡K DØy× Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ wewfbœ c×wZ Aej¤^b
Kiv nq, Zvi gv‡S GKUv cÖvBReÛ| Avgiv eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü †kqvi I cÖvBRe‡Ûi
hvKvZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv †ck Kivi †Póv Ki‡ev Bb&kvAvjøvn|
†kqv‡ii hvKvZ cÖm½
hw` †KD e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ kixÔAvZm¤§Zfv‡e nvjvj †Kv¤úvbx †_‡K †kqvi µq
K‡i,369 †hgb, iv‡k` ÷K G·‡PÄ †_‡K Jla †Kv¤úvwbi GKwU †kqvi 1,00000/-
(GK j¶ UvKv) w`‡q GB wbq‡Z µq Ki‡jv †h, g~j¨ e„w× †c‡j Zv wewµ K‡i w`‡e|
Zvn‡j GK eQi c~wZ©‡Z D³ †kqv‡ii evRvig~j¨ a‡i hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe|
Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫اﻟﺰﻛﺎة واﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺮوض اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﻛﺎﺋﻨﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ إذا ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮرق أو اﻟﺬﻫﺐ‬
Òe¨emvi cY¨ hvB †nvK bv †Kb Zvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe, hw` Zvi g~j¨ †mvbv ev
iƒcvi †bmve cwigvY nq|Ó370
hw` †kqvi e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ µq K‡i, Zvn‡j †kqv‡ii m¤ú~Y© g~‡j¨i Dci hvKvZ
IqvwRe n‡e|371
Avi hw` †kqvi weµ‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ µq bv K‡i †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K gvwmK ev evrmwiK
jf¨vsk Mªn‡Yi wbq‡Z µq K‡i, Zvn‡j ¯’vei m¤úwË h_v KviLvbv ¯’vcb, f~wg, †gwkb
I miÄvgvw` µq Gi LiP ev` w`‡q Aewkó wewb‡qvMK…Z UvKvi Dci hvKvZ IqvwRe
n‡e| †hgb, hv‡q` wm‡g›U †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K GKwU †kqvi 10,00000/- (`k j¶)
UvKv w`‡q µq Ki‡jv, gvwmK ev evrmwiK jvf MÖn‡Yi wbq‡Z| hv‡q‡`i †kqv‡i
¯’vei m¤úwË h_v KviLvbv ¯’vcbv, f~wg, †gwkb I miÄgvw` µq eve` e¨q n‡q‡Q
1,00000/- (GK j¶) UvKv, Zvn‡j Zvi Aewkó 9,00000/- (bq j¶) UvKvi
hvKvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-

327 G m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ †`Lyb ÒcÖPwjZ †kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiqx weavbÓ kxl©K cÖeÜ|
370 †n`vqv: 1/195, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
371 hvKvZ †K gvmv‡qj: 286

329 ÒcÖPwjZ †kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiqx weavbÓ kxl©K cÖeÜ|

192 `imyj wdK&n
.‫وﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ دور اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ وﺛﻴﺎب اﻟﺒﺪن وأﺛﺎث اﻟﻤﻨﺎزل ودواب اﻟﺮﻛﻮب وﻋﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ وﺳﻼح اﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل زﻛﺎة‬
.‫ وﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻷﻫﻠﻬﺎ وآﻻت اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬،‫ وﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﻨﺎﻣﻴﺔ أﻳﻀﺎ‬،‫ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ‬
ÒGes emwZ evwo, e¨eüZ Kvco, N‡ii AvmevecÎ I e¨eüZ nvwZqv‡ii Dci hvKvZ
IqvwRe bq| †Kbbv G¸‡jv cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwb‡mi AšÍf©y³| Abyiƒcfv‡e †ckvRxwe‡`i
miÄvgvw`i DciI hvKvZ IqvwRe bq|Ó372
Avjøvgv dwi`yÏxb ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وآﻻت اﻟﺼﻨﺎع اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮن ﺑﻬﺎ وﻇﺮوف اﻷﻣﺘﻌﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬
ÒKvwiM‡ii KvR m¤úv`b Kivi hš¿cvwZ Ges mvgvb ivLvi cvÎ BZ¨vw`i Dci
hvKvZ IqvwRe bq|Ó373
cÖvBReÛ
cÖvBReÛ `yÕwU Bs‡iRx k‡ãi mgwó| cÖvBR A_©- Dcnvi, eÛ A_©- `jxj ev Pzw³cÎ|
gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx nvwdhvûjøvn e‡jb, eZ©gvb AvaywbK cwifvlvq eÛ ejv nq-
‫وﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻳﺼﺪرﻫﺎ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻮن ﻟﻤﻘﺮﺿﻪ اﻋﺘﺮاﻓﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺄﻧﻪ اﺳﺘﻘﺮض ﻣﻦ ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﻠﻐﺎ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺘﺰم ﺑﺄداءﻩ ﻓﻲ وﻗﺖ‬
.‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮم‬
ÒGgb Pzw³c·K, hv FYMÖnxZv FY`vZv‡K GB g‡g© cÖ`vb K‡i †h, FYMÖnxZv D³
cÎevnK †_‡K wbw`©ó cwigvY m¤ú` FY wb‡q‡Q hv †m wbw`©ó mg‡q cwi‡kva Ki‡Z
cÖwZkÖæwZe×|Ó374
miKvi ivóªxq cÖ‡qvR‡b RbMY †_‡K wewfbœ cš’vq FY wb‡q _v‡K|
Zb¥‡a¨ GK cÖKvi n‡jv cÖvBReÛ| †hgb miKvi 20,000/= (wek nvRvi) cÖvBRe‡Ûi
mvK©yjvi w`‡jv, cÖwZwU cªvBRe‡Ûi g~‡j¨ 500 (cvPukZ ) UvKv| 5 eQi †gqv`x A_©vr
5 eQi ci D³ UvKv miKvi †diZ w`‡Z eva¨ _vK‡e Ges eÛ weµ‡qi mgq miKvi
MÖvnK‡`i GB cÖwZkÖæwZ †`q †h, 6 gvm ev 1 eQi cici jUvwii gva¨‡g wbw`©ó A_©
ev cY¨ cyi¯‹v‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡e| jUvwii c×wZwU n‡jv, miKvi KZ…©K wbe©vwPZ
KwgwU jUvwii gva¨‡g weRqx‡`i‡K †e‡Q wb‡e Ges weRqx‡`i eÛ b¤^i cÎ-cwÎKvq
cÖKvk Ki‡e| D‡jøL¨ †h, eÛ MÖvnKMY †h †Kv‡bv mgq D³ eÛ e¨vs‡K Rgv w`‡q UvKv
Zz‡j wb‡Z cvi‡e Ges miKvi hw` Pzw³ Abyhvqx jUvwii e¨e¯’v bv K‡i, Zvn‡j
MÖvnK‡`i Av`vj‡Z gvgjv Kivi AwaKvi _vK‡e| myZivs mvaviY RbMY fvM¨ Ly‡j

372 †n`vqv: 1/186, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`, fviZ

373 dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 3/169, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
374 eyûm dx Kvhvqv wdKwnq¨v gyAvmvivn: 2/111, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 †kqvi I cÖvBRe‡Ûi hvKv‡Zi weavb 193
hvIqvi Avkvq cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi mv‡_ cÖvBReÛ µ‡q A_© wb‡qvM K‡i|375
A‡bK mgq D³ eÛ e¨emvwqK R‡q›U ÷K †Kv¤úvwb ev wkí cÖwZôv‡bi c¶ †_‡KI
cÖKvk Kiv nq|
kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z cÖvBReÛ
D³ cÖvBReÛ µq Kiv kixÔAvZ wm× bq| KviY cÖvBReÛ Ggb GKwU FYx †jb‡`b
†hLv‡b FY †`qvi ci AwZwi³ dvq`v AR©b Kiv nq, hv my`| hw`I miKvi jUvwii
gva¨‡g cÖ‡Z¨K MÖvnK‡K cyi¯‹vi Z_v my` †`qvi cÖwZkÖæwZ †`q bv, wKš‘ mgwóMZfv‡e
cyi¯‹vi †`qvi cªwZkÖæwZ w`‡q _v‡K| Avi G ai‡bi cyi¯‹vi MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ mevB
AvMÖnxI n‡q _v‡K| ejvevûj¨, my`‡K cyi¯‹vi e‡j cÖPvi Kivi Øviv my` nvjvj n‡q
hvq bv| myZivs cÖvBReÛ my`x Kvievi nIqvq kiÔqx `„wó‡Z Zv wbwl×|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-

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Ò†n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgiv Avjøvn‡K fq Ki Ges my‡`i †h mg¯Í e‡Kqv Av‡Q, Zv
cwiZ¨vM Ki| hw` †Zvgiv Cgvb`vi n‡q _vK|Ó376
Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡i‡Qb, †Zvgiv ZIev Ki‡j ïay g~jab †diZ
cv‡e| AwZwi³ wKQz cv‡e bv|

¸
¶
µ
´
³
²
±
°
¯
®
Òhw` †Zvgiv ZIev K‡iv, Z‡e †Zvgiv wb‡R‡`i g~jab †c‡q hv‡e| †Zvgiv Kv‡iv
cªwZ AZ¨vPvi K‡iv bv Ges †KD †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZI AZ¨vPvi Ki‡e bv|Ó377
GKvwaK mvnvex †_‡K ewY©Z-
378
.‫ﻛﻞ ﻗﺮض ﺟﺮ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ ﻓﻬﻮ رﺑﺎ‬
Òjv‡fi k‡Z© FY cÖ`vb-B my`|Ó

375 Bmjvg I Rv`x` gvÔAvkx gvmv‡qj: 4/78, dqmvj B›Uvib¨vkbvj, w`jøx

376 m~iv evKviv: 278
377 m~iv evKviv: 279

‫ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﺢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﻲء وأﻣﺎ إﻣﺎم اﻟﺤﺮﻣﻴﻦ‬: «‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺪر ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ‬: «‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟﻌﺴﻘﻼﻧﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺮ‬ 378

‫ وﻓﻲ إﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﺳﻮار ﺑﻦ ﻣﺼﻌﺐ‬، ‫ وﻗﺪ رواﻩ اﻟﺤﺎرث ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ أﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ« ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻔﻆ اﻷول‬، ‫ وﺗﺒﻌﻪ اﻟﻐﺰاﻟﻲ‬، ‫ إﻧﻪ ﺻﺢ‬: ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ ورواﻩ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺴﻨﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬.‫ ﻛﻞ ﻗﺮض ﺟﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻓﻬﻮ وﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ وﺟﻮﻩ اﻟﺮﺑﺎ‬: ‫ ورواﻩ اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ« ﻋﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ‬، ‫وﻫﻮ ﻣﺘﺮوك‬
.‫ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬، ‫ واﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬، ‫ وﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻼم‬، ‫ وأﺑﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ‬، ‫« ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‬
194 `imyj wdK&n
Bgvg Avey eKi Rvmmvm ivn. wievi msÁv Gfv‡e w`‡q‡QbÑ
.‫وﻫﻮ اﻟﻘﺮض اﻟﻤﺸﺮوط ﻓﻴﻪ اﻷﺟﻞ وزﻳﺎدة ﻣﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮض‬
ÒF‡Yi †gqv` wbw`©ó K‡i FYMÖnxZvi c¶ †_‡K FY`vZv‡K g~ja‡bi AwZwi³
cwi‡kva Kivi kZ© Kiv|Ó379
.‫وﺗﺤﺮم ﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﺴﻨﺪات ذات اﻟﺠﻮاﺋﺰ‬
ÒGgwbfv‡e cÖvBReÛI nvivg|Ó380
cÖvBRe‡Ûi weKí
miKvi ev †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwbi AwZwi³ A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb n‡j cyi¯‹v‡ii kZ© Qvov eÛ
Qvo‡Z cv‡i| Avi gvbyl cyi¯‹vi Qvov eÛ MÖnY Ki‡Z AvMÖnx bv n‡j weKí wn‡m‡e
‫ اﻟﺴﻨﺪات اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎرﻳﺔ‬MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr G K_v e‡j eÛ Qvo‡e †h, hviv G eÛ
µq Ki‡e Zviv mywbw`©ó e¨emv, †Kv¤úvwb ev cÖ‡R‡±i Askx`vi n‡e| jvf-¶wZ
wbqgZvwš¿K nv‡i fvM n‡e| †gvUK_v, gy`vivev Pzw³ m¤úv`b n‡e| Gfv‡e gy`vivevi
Pzw³‡Z UvKv wb‡j jvf cvIqvi Avkvq gvbyl AvMÖnx n‡e Ges miKvi I †Kv¤úvwbi
cÖ‡qvRbI cyiv n‡e|
cÖvBRe‡Ûi hvKv‡Zi weavb
Avgiv c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbv †_‡K eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, cÖvBReÛ GK ai‡bi FY ev KR©|
ZvB F‡Yi hvKv‡Zi weavb Abymv‡i cÖvBRe‡Ûi hvKv‡Zi welq Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
cÖvBReÛ MÖvn‡Ki cÖ`vbK…Z UvKv †bmve cwigvY n‡j Zvi Dci D³ A‡_©i hvKvZ
Av`vq Kiv dih| Z‡e Zr¶Yvr dih bq; eis FY n¯ÍMZ n‡j Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
A_©vr cyiv FY n¯ÍMZ n‡j cy‡ivUvi hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡e| c¶všÍ‡i ïay 40 w`invg
cwigvY FY n¯ÍMZ n‡jI GK w`invg hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi hw` n¯ÍMZ
n‡Z K‡qK eQi AwZevwnZ nq Zvn‡j n¯ÍMZ nIqvi ci weMZ me eQ‡ii hvKvZ
Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e hw` ïay FY w`‡q †bmve c~Y© bv nq, wb‡Ri gvwjKvbvaxb Ab¨
m¤ú` wgwj‡q hw` †bmve c~Y© nq, ZL‡bv hvKvZ IqvwRe n‡e| Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg
ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وﻫﻮ ﺑﺪل ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ‬،‫ ﻗﻮي وﻫﻮ ﺑﺪل اﻟﻘﺮض وﻣﺎل اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة‬:‫ﻗﺴﻢ أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻗﺴﺎم‬
‫ وﺿﻌﻴﻒ وﻫﻮ ﺑﺪل ﻣﺎ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻤﺎل ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻬﺮ واﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔ‬،‫ وﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ودار اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ‬،‫ﻟﻠﺘﺠﺎرة ﻛﺜﻤﻦ ﺛﻴﺎب اﻟﺒﺬﻟﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﻔﻲ اﻟﻘﻮي ﺗﺠﺐ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة إذا ﺣﺎل اﻟﺤﻮل وﻳﺘﺮاﺧﻰ اﻟﻘﻀﺎء إﻟﻰ أن ﻳﻘﺒﺾ أرﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬...‫وﺑﺪل اﻟﺨﻠﻊ واﻟﺼﻠﺢ‬

379 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj Rvmmvm: 2/189, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
380 Avj gvÔAvBiæk kviBq¨vn: 299
 †kqvi I cÖvBRe‡Ûi hvKv‡Zi weavb 195
.‫درﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﻔﻴﻬﺎ درﻫﻢ‬
ÒBgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi wbKU FY wZb cÖKvi| 1. kw³kvjx FY| Zv n‡jv, KR©|
2. ga¨g FY| Zv n‡jv, e¨emvwqK cY¨ e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ wRwb‡mi wewbgq| †hgb,
e¨eüZ Kvc‡oi g~j¨| 3. `ye©j FY| Zv n‡jv, gvj bq Ggb wRwb‡mi wewbgq| †hgb,
†gvni| kw³kvjx F‡Yi Dci GK eQi AwZevwnZ n‡j hvKvZ Avek¨K| Z‡e
Zr¶Yvr bq eis Pwjøk w`invg n¯ÍMZ n‡j GK w`invg Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó381
†gvUK_v, hZ cÖKvi eÛ Pvjy Av‡Q Zv †_‡K †Kv‡bv GKwU †h g~‡j¨ µq Kiv †nvK Zv
F‡Yi cÖ_g cÖKv‡ii AšÍfz©³| hw` eÛMÖvnK cÖwZ eQ‡ii hvKvZ Av`vq bv K‡i _v‡K,
Zvn‡j hLb e‡Ûi UvKv D‡Ëvjb Ki‡e ZLb m¤ú~Y© e‡Kqv hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv dih|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
08 iRe 1435wn. 30 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
08 iRe 1435wn.

381 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 2/363, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; `ªóe¨, dvZvIqv‡q nv°vwbqv: 3/505
196

Iki I Lviv‡Ri weavb

gvIjvbv AvãyjøvnAvj gvgyb nweMÄ
UvKv-cqmv, e¨emvwqK cY¨ I †mvbv-iƒcv BZ¨vw`‡Z †hfv‡e hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z nq,
†Zgwbfv‡e Drcvw`Z k‡m¨ Av`vq Ki‡Z nq Iki ev LvivR| Bmjvgx A_©bxwZ‡Z
ZvB hvKv‡Zi cvkvcvwk Iki I Lviv‡Ri i‡q‡Q ewjô f~wgKv| wel‡qi ¸iæZ¡ we‡ePbv
K‡i Ges eZ©gvb †cÖ¶vc‡Ui `vwe c~iYv‡_© wb‡gœ G wel‡q kixÔAv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K
Av‡jvPbv †ck Kiv n‡jv|
Ik‡ii cwiPq
Ik‡ii AvwfavwbK A_©:
.‫ واﻟﺠﻤﻊ أﻋﺸﺎر وﻋﺸﻮر‬،‫واﻟﻌﺸﺮ واﻟﻌﺸﻴﺮ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮة‬
ÒIki Ges Avkxi G `yÕwU Aviex kã| A_© GK`kgvsk| Gi eûePb n‡jv, AvÔkvi
I Dïi|Ó382
Iki k‡ãi A_© GK`kgvsk n‡jI Gi e¨envi wek fv‡Mi GK fvM †evSv‡Z n‡q
_v‡K| nv`x‡mi fvl¨ †_‡K †evSv hvq, wKQz Ikix Rwgi Dci GK`kgvsk avh© Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Avi wKQz Ikix Rwgi Dci wek fv‡Mi GK fvM avh© Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZvB
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg Dfq cÖKvi‡K Iki bv‡gB D‡jøL K‡i _v‡Kb|
Ik‡ii cvwifvwlK A_©:
.‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺻﻄﻼح اﺳﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﺄﺧﻮذ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ زﻛﺎة اﻷرض اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬
Ògymjgvb‡`i †_‡K Ikix Rwgi k‡m¨i hvKvZ wn‡m‡e M„nxZ km¨‡K Iki e‡j|Ó383
Ik‡ii ûKzg
Ikix Rwgi †¶‡Î Iki Av`vq Kiv dih| †Kbbv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-

 ©¨ §¦¥
ÒAvi †Zvgiv dmj KvUvi w`b Zvi nK (Iki) Av`vq Ki|Ó384
D³ Avqv‡Z ÔnKÕ k‡ãi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-

382 wjmvbyj Avie: 4/341

383 Avj gvDm~AvZzj wdKwnq¨vn: 19/53, Kz‡qZ
384 m~iv AvbÔAvg: 141
 Dki I Lviv‡Ri weavb 197
.‫ إن اﻟﺤﻖ اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮر ﻫﻮ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ أو ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬:‫ﻗﺎل ﻋﺎﻣﺔ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺘﺄوﻳﻞ‬
ÒmsL¨vMwiô e¨vL¨vKviMY e‡jb, DwjøwLZ Avqv‡Z ÔnKÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv ÔIkiÕ
GK`kgvsk A_ev ÔwbQ‡d IkiÕ wek fv‡Mi GK fvM|Ó385
†h‡nZz ÔAvgiÕ Z_v Av‡`km~PK wµqvi `vwe n‡jv| Zv IqvwRe nIqv, ZvB DwjøwLZ
AvqvZ Øviv Iki dih mve¨¯Í nq| †hgb Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. wj‡L‡Qb-

‫ ﻓﺈن ﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ‬.©¨ §¦¥ :‫ أي ﻳﻔﺘﺮض ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬...(‫)ﻳﺠﺐ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬
.‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮ أو ﻧﺼﻔﻪ‬
ÒIki Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe A_©vr dih| †Kbbv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgiv
dmj KvUvi mgq Zvi nK (Iki) Av`vq Ki| GLv‡b AwaKvsk gydvm&wmix‡b †Kiv‡gi
gZ n‡jv, nK Øviv D‡Ïk¨ Iki A_ev wbQ‡d Iki|Ó386
Iki dih nIqvi kZ©mg~n
Iki hvKv‡Zi gZ GKwU Avw_©K Bev`Z, hv dih nIqvi Rb¨ we‡kl wKQz kZ© i‡q‡Q|
wb‡gœ †m¸‡jv D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv|
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. Iki dih nIqvi Rb¨ Rwg I Rwgi gvwjK Df‡qi
m¤úwK©Z kZ©¸‡jv Gfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
.‫ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻔﺮوﺿﺎ‬:‫ واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬...‫ اﻹﺳﻼم‬:‫ أﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‬.‫أﻣﺎ ﺷﺮط اﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻨﻮﻋﺎن‬
‫ وﻻ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺧﺮاﺟﻴﺔ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﺮاج‬،‫ أن ﺗﻜﻮن اﻷرض ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬:‫ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫وأﻣﺎ ﺷﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﺄﻧﻮاع‬
.‫ﻳﺠﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬
.‫ وﺟﻮد اﻟﺨﺎرج ﺣﺘﻰ أن اﻷرض ﻟﻮ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺨﺮج ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺐ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬:‫وﻣﻨﻬﺎ أي ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﻼ ﻋﺸﺮ‬.‫ أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻣﻦ اﻷرض ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺰراﻋﺘﻪ ﻧﻤﺎء اﻷرض وﺗﺴﺘﻐﻞ اﻷرض ﺑﻪ ﻋﺎدة‬:‫وﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻄﺐ واﻟﺤﺸﻴﺶ‬
Rwgi gvwjK msµvšÍ kZ© `yÕwU n‡jv-
1. gymjgvb nIqv| (†Kbbv Iki GK ai‡bi Bev`Z| Avi Kv‡di Bev`‡Zi †hvM¨
bq|)
2. Iki dih nIqv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv _vKv| A_©vr Iki Av`vqKvixi G K_v Rvbv _vKv

385 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q 2/169, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

386 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/264, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
198 `imyj wdK&n
†h, Zvi k‡m¨i Dci Iki Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe|
Avi Rwg msµvšÍ kZ©¸‡jv n‡jv-
1. Rwg Ikix n‡Z n‡e| LvivRx Rwgi Dci Iki IqvwRe nq bv|
2. dmj Drcv`b nIqv| myZivs hw` †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y dmj Drcv`b bv nq, Zvn‡j
Iki IqvwRe n‡e bv|
3. Drcvw`Z m¤ú` Ggb n‡Z n‡e, hv Rwgi dmj wn‡m‡e Pvl Kiv nq| myZivs
Rwg‡Z †hme AvMvQv, Nvm, Lo BZ¨vw` R‡b¥ Zv‡Z Iki IqvwRe nq bv|387
Ikix Rwgi cwiPq
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. Ikix Rwgi cwiPq w`‡Z wM‡q e‡jb-
‫ اﻷرض اﻟﺘﻲ‬:‫ وﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫ اﻷرض اﻟﺘﻲ أﺳﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻃﻮﻋﺎ‬:‫ وﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫ أرض اﻟﻌﺮب ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬:‫أﻣﺎ اﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ وﻫﺬا‬.‫ دار اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ إذا اﺗﺨﺬﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﺎ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‬:‫ وﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮة وﻗﻬﺮا وﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻐﺎﻧﻤﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
.‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﻳﺴﻘﻰ ﺑﻤﺎء اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬
ÒIkix Rwg n‡jv- K. Avi‡ei mKj Rwg| L. H mKj Rwg hvi gvwjKiv Rwgi
e¨vcv‡i Ikix ev LvivRxi †Kv‡bv ûKzg †`qvi Av‡MB †¯^”Qvq Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
M. H mKj Rwg hv hy‡×i gva¨‡g Rq Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Mbxg‡Zi nK`vi‡`i gv‡S
eÈb K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| N. gymjgvb‡`i H mKj evwo hv Zviv km¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
wba©viY K‡i wb‡q‡Qb| G mKj Rwg‡Z Iki H mgq IqvwRe n‡e, hLb Zvi †mP
Ikix cvwb w`‡q Kiv nq|Ó388
O. †Kv‡bv gymjgvb miKvix †Kv‡bv Abvev`x f~wg Avev` Ki‡j hw` Zv †Kv‡bv Ikix
Rwgi cv‡k nq, Zvn‡j Ikix Rwg e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
‫ وإن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺰ أرض اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺰ أرض اﻟﺨﺮاج ﻓﻬﻲ ﺧﺮاﺟﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻣﻦ أﺣﻴﺎ أرﺿﺎ ﻣﻮاﺗﺎ‬
‫ أﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ذﻣﻴﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺨﺮاج وإن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺰ أرض‬،‫ وﻫﺬا إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺤﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ‬،‫ﻓﻬﻲ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬
.‫اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬
Ò‡KD †Kv‡bv Abvev`x miKvix f~wg Avev` Ki‡j †m f~wg hw` LvivRx Rwgi cv‡k nq
Zvn‡j Zv LvivRx wn‡m‡eB MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` Zv Ikix Rwgi cv‡k nq Zvn‡j Zv
Ikix Rwg aiv n‡e| G ûKzg ZLb, hLb Avev`Kvix n‡e gymwjg| Avi hw` Avev`Kvix
wRw¤§ nq Zvn‡j Zvi Dci me©ve¯’vq LvivR Av‡ivc Kiv n‡e| hw`I †mB Rwg Ikix

387 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/171-178, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

388 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q 2/176, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 Dki I Lviv‡Ri weavb 199
Rwgi cv‡k nq|Ó389
Ik‡ii †bmve
Ik‡ii †bmv‡ei e¨vcv‡i Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi gZ n‡jv, dmj Kg †nvK ev
†ewk Zvi Dci `k fv‡Mi GK fvM Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| KviY KziAv‡b Kvix‡g G
e¨vcv‡i e¨vcK A_©‡evaK kã e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻤﻮم ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ وﻣﻤﺎ أﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ‬. ‫وﻻ ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﺼﺎب ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫ﻟﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻷرض‬
ÒAvey nvbxdv ivn. Gi g‡Z Iki IqvwRe nIqvi Rb¨ †bmve kZ© bq| Zvi G K_vi
`jxj n‡jv, Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e¨vcKfv‡e e‡j‡Qb, Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ f~wg‡Z hv
Drcbœ K‡iwQ Zv †_‡K `vb Ki| (GLv‡b †Kv‡bv †bmv‡ei D‡jøL †bB)|Ó390
Ik‡ii cwigvY
hw` f~wg wmwÂZ nq e„wói cvwb cÖevwnZ Sibv ev b`xi cvwb BZ¨vw` Øviv Ges †mP
Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq cwikÖg Qvov AwZwi³ cwikÖg I A_© e¨q Ki‡Z bv nq,
Zvn‡j Ik‡ii cwigvY n‡jv Drcbœ k‡m¨i `k fv‡Mi GK fvM| Avi hw` Rwg‡Z
cÖ‡qvRbxq cwikÖg I ex‡Ri LiP QvovI †mP Kv‡R AwZwi³ cwikÖg Ki‡Z nq, †hgb
K~c Lbb Ki‡Z nq, b`x ev Lv‡ji cvwbi Rb¨ Ki w`‡Z nq, Zvn‡j wek fv‡Mi GK
fvM Iki cÖ`vb Kiv IqvwRe|
nhiZ AvãyjøvnBe‡b Igi ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺳﻘﺖ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء واﻟﻌﻴﻮن أو ﻛﺎن ﻋﺜﺮﻳﺎ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ وﻣﺎ ﺳﻘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻀﺢ ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, †h f~wgi †mP e¨e¯’v (gvwj‡Ki wbR Li‡P Ki‡Z nq bv
eis Zv) e„wói cvwb, cÖevwnZ Sibv ev b`xi cvwb †_‡K n‡q _v‡K Zv‡Z Drcbœ k‡m¨i
GK `kgvsk Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| Avi †h Rwgi †mP e¨e¯’v gvwjK‡K (wbR Li‡P
K~c Lbb BZ¨vw` gva¨‡g) Ki‡Z nq Zv‡Z Drcbœ k‡m¨i wek fv‡Mi GK fvM Av`vq
Kiv IqvwRe|Ó391
Iki e¨‡qi LvZ
Iki GKwU IqvwRe m`Kv| Avi mKj IqvwRe m`Kvi e¨‡qi LvZ GK I Awfbœ|
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. IqvwRe m`Kvi LvZ D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-

389 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 2/237, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

390 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q 2/180, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
391 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 1483
200 `imyj wdK&n
‫ واﻟﻜﻔﺎرة واﻟﻨﺬر وﻏﻴﺮ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺼﺮف أﻳﻀﺎ ﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ‬...‫ أي ﻣﺼﺮف اﻟﺰﻛﺎة واﻟﻌﺸﺮ‬:‫ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺼﺮف‬
‫ أﻫـ‬.‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻬﺴﺘﺎﻧﻲ‬.‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺎت اﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺔ‬
Òe¨qLv‡Zi Aa¨vq: A_©vr hvKvZ I Ik‡ii e¨qLvZ| ...hvKvZ I Ik‡ii
e¨qLvZ¸‡jv m`Kv‡q wdZi, Kvd&dviv, bhi BZ¨vw` †h †Kv‡bv IqvwRe m`KviI
e¨qLvZ|Ó392
†h‡nZz Iki hvKv‡Zi gZ Bev`Z ZvB †hfv‡e Avgiv hvKvZ Av`vq Kwi, †mfv‡e
IkiI Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| miKvix BbKvg U¨v· BZ¨vw` cwi‡kva Kivi Øviv †hfv‡e
hvKvZ iwnZ nq bv, †mfv‡e miKvix U¨v·, LvRbv BZ¨vw` Av`vq Kivi Øviv Iki
iwnZ n‡e bv|393
gvmAvjv: †Kv‡bv kvmK ev Zvi cÖwZwbwa †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K hw` †Kv‡bv Ikix Rwgi Iki
¶gv K‡i †`q Z‡e Zv ˆea n‡e bv| Rwg I gvwj‡Ki †m km¨ e¨envi Kiv ˆea n‡e
bv| eis Zvi Rb¨ Riæix n‡jv H cwigvY m¤ú` m`Kv K‡i †`qv| Avjøvgv Be‡b
Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. wj‡Lb-
.‫ وﻳﺨﺮﺟﻪ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻟﻠﻔﻘﺮاء‬.‫)وﻟﻮ ﺗﺮك اﻟﻌﺸﺮ ﻻ( ﻳﺠﻮز إﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎ‬
Ò(ev`kv A_ev Zvi cÖwZwbwa hw` Rwgi gvwjK‡K) Iki gvd K‡i †`q Zvn‡j Zv
me©m¤§Zfv‡e bvRv‡qh| Rwgi gvwj‡Ki `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q, †m Zv `wi`ª gv‡S m`Kv K‡i
†`‡e|Ó394
Lviv‡Ri cwiPq
Lviv‡Ri AvwfavwbK A_©:
.‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ اﻷرض‬
ÒRwg †_‡K hv wKQz Drcbœ nq|Ó395
Lviv‡Ri cvwifvwlK A_©:
.‫ أو اﻷرض اﻟﺘﻲ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﺧﺬﻩ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﺮاﺋﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﻋﻨﻮة‬
Òhy× K‡i wewRZ f~wgi Dci wKsev †h f~wgi Awaevmxiv gymwjg kvm‡Ki m‡½ LvivR
†`qvi mwÜ K‡i wbR f~wg‡Z envj †_‡K‡Q, †mme Rwgi Dci ivóª KZ©K ©„ Av‡ivwcZ

392 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/339, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

393 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/370, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
394 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 6/313, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
395 Avj gvDm~ÔAvZzj wdKwnq¨v: 19/51, Kz‡qZ
 Dki I Lviv‡Ri weavb 201
Ki‡K LvivR e‡j|Ó396
LvivRx Rwgi cwiPq
†Kv‡bv gymwjg kvmK hw` hy× Qvov †Kv‡bv Kv‡di A‡ji kvmbvwaKvi AR©b K‡i G
mw܇Z †h, †m A‡ji f~wg Zvi evwm›`v‡`i nv‡Z Av‡Mi gZB _vK‡e Ges Zviv
Bmjvg MÖnY bv K‡i GB mw܇Z Ki w`‡q gymwjg kvm‡Ki Aax‡b _vK‡e, Zvn‡j Zv
LvivRx Rwg wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| Z`ªƒc gymwjg kvmK hw` hy× K‡i †Kv‡bv AÂj weRq
K‡i Ges hy‡×i ci †m A‡ji f~wg Zvi Awaevmx‡`i gv‡S Av‡Mi gZ †i‡L †`q
Zvn‡jI Zv LvivRx Rwg wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷن اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻰ اﺑﺘﺪاء‬،‫ ﻓﻬﻲ أرض ﺧﺮاج وﻛﺬا إذا ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻬﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻗﺮ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫وﻛﻞ أرض ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﻋﻨﻮة‬
.‫ واﻟﺨﺮاج أﻟﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ‬،‫اﻟﺘﻮﻇﻴﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮ‬
Ò‡h mKj f~wg wewRZ n‡q‡Q hy× K‡i, AZtci †mbvcwZ †m f~wg‡Z Zvi c~‡e©i
gvwjK‡`i envj †i‡L‡Qb, †mUv LvivRx Rwg| Z`ªƒc hw` †mbvcwZ †Kv‡bv A‡j hy×
Qvov Zvi Awaevmx‡`i m‡½ mw܇Z Ave× nb Zvn‡j ZvI LvivRx Rwg| †Kbbv GLv‡b
Rwgi Dci Av‡ivwcZ weavb †h‡nZz Kv‡d‡ii †¶‡Î ZvB GLv‡b LvivR Av‡ivc KivB
hyw³hy³|Ó397
Lviv‡Ri weavb
Lviv‡Ri weavb m¤ú‡K© dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL n‡q‡Q-
‫ ﺣﺮا ﻛﺎن أو‬،‫ ﺻﻐﻴﺮا ﻛﺎن أو ﻛﺒﻴﺮا‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻓﺮا ﻛﺎن أو ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﺨﺮاج‬،‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻚ أرض اﻟﺨﺮاج‬
.‫ رﺟﻼ ﻛﺎن أو اﻣﺮأة ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ‬،‫ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺒﺎ أو ﻋﺒﺪا ﻣﺄذوﻧﺎ‬
Ò‡h †KD LvivRx Rwgi gvwjK n‡e Zvi KvQ †_‡K LvivR †bqv n‡e| Kv‡di †nvK ev
gymjgvb, †QvU †nvK ev eo, ¯^vaxb †nvK ev gyKvZve ev e¨emvi AbygwZcÖvß †Mvjvg,
cyiæl †nvK ev bvix|Ó398
Lviv‡Ri cÖKvi‡f`
LvivR `yB cÖKv‡i wef³| h_v:
1. Lviv‡R gyKvmvgv| 2. Lviv‡R gyIqvh&hd|
Lviv‡R gyKvmvgvi A_© n‡jv, Drcvw`Z dm‡ji †Kv‡bv GKwU Ask‡K wba©viY K‡i

396 gyÔRvgy jyMvwZj dzKvnv: 194, B`vivZzj KzAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
397 †n`vqv dvZûj Kv`x‡ii bymLv: 5/279, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
398 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 2/239, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
202 `imyj wdK&n
†`qv| †hgb A‡a©K ev GK Z…Zxqvsk wKsev GK PZz_©vsk BZ¨vw`|
Lviv‡R gyIqvh&hd Gi A_© n‡jv, Rwgi Dci wbw`©ó cwigv‡Yi bM` A_© ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv
wRwbm avh© Kiv| Drcv`b hZUzKzB †nvK bv †Kb Zv Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx399 ivn. wj‡Lb-
‫وﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ‬
ّ ‫ ﺧﺮاج ﻣﻘﺎﺳﻤﺔ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ وﺿﻌﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم ﻋﻠﻰ أرض ﻓﺘﺤﻬﺎ‬:‫اﻟﺨﺮاج ﻗﺴﻤﺎن‬
.‫ ﺧﺮاج وﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬.‫اﻟﺨﺎرج أو ﺛﻠﺜﻪ أو رﺑﻌﻪ‬
ÒRwgi LvivR `yB fv‡M wef³ 1. Lviv‡R gyKvmvgv, Gi A_© n‡”Q Bgvgyj gymwjgxb
wewRZ f~wg‡Z AbyMÖnc~e©K Zvi Awaevmx‡`i envj †i‡L Zv‡Z Drcbœ k‡m¨i A‡a©K
ev GK Z…Zxqvsk wKsev GK PZz_©vsk cwigvY †h Ki wba©viY K‡i _v‡Kb| 2. Lviv‡R
gyIqvh&hd hv avh©K…Z wbw`©ó cwigvY bM` UvKv ev Lv`¨`ªe¨|Ó400
Lviv‡Ri cwigvY
LvivR gyKvmvgv †nvK ev gyIqvh&hd Zv Drcvw`Z k‡m¨i A‡a©‡Ki †ewk n‡Z cvi‡e bv
Ges GK cÂgvs‡ki Kg n‡Z cvi‡e bv| GgbwK Lviv‡R gyIqvh&hd avh© Kiv n‡j
km¨ DVv‡bvi ci hw` Rvbv hvq †h, avh©KZ
… cwigvY Drcv`‡bi A‡a©‡Ki †ewk, Zvn‡j
… cwigvY Kwg‡q A‡a©K ev Zvi Kg Dmyj Ki‡Z n‡e|401 Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb
avh©KZ
nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﺣﺪادي‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﻨﻘﺺ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺨﻤﺲ‬،‫وﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻻ ﻳﺰاد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺼﻒ‬
Òavh©KZ
… Lviv‡Ri cwigvYUv Drcvw`Z k‡m¨i A‡a©‡Ki †ewk n‡Z cvi‡e bv| Ges
GK cÂgvs‡ki KgI n‡Z cvi‡e bv|Ó402
G K_vi e¨vL¨vq Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﺧﺮاج اﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻻﻧﻔﻬﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺼﻒ واﻟﺨﻤﺲ‬،‫ﻫﺬا ﻓﻲ ﺧﺮاج اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺳﻤﺔ‬
.‫ﺟﺰء ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺗﺄﻣﻞ‬
ÒDc‡ivwjøwLZ cwigvYUv Lviv‡R gyKvmvgvi †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| wKš‘ Avjøvgv nvmKvdx
ivn. GwU ¯úó K‡i e‡jbwb| KviY Zvi wbQd-Lygym Gi cÖKvkfw½ †_‡K GwU eySv

399 gynv¤§v` Avgxb Av‡e`xb Be‡b Igi Av‡e`xb Be‡b Avãyj Avhxh Av` w`gvkKx ivn.| wZwb Be‡b Av‡e`xb bv‡gB
cÖwm×| 1198 wnRix‡Z `v‡g‡¯‹ Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Ges 1252 wnRix‡Z `v‡g‡¯‹B B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb wdKn
kv‡¯¿i, we‡klZ wdK‡n nvbvdx A‡bK †L`gZ K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi iwPZ iÏyj gynZvi wdK‡n nvbvdxi †idv‡iÝ eyK
wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 2/367; -iIRyj evkxi: 220; Avj AvÔjvg: 6/42
400 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/265, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
401 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/276, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
402 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 6/307, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 Dki I Lviv‡Ri weavb 203
hvq| c¶všÍ‡i Lviv‡R gyIqvh&h‡di †¶‡Î Drcvw`Z k‡m¨i wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv Ask wba©viY
Kiv nq bv|Ó403
wKš‘ Avjøvgv iv‡dÔqx ivn.404 e‡jb-
‫ واﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺼﻒ واﻟﺨﻤﺲ ﻻ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺳﻤﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ أن اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺮاج اﻟﻤﻮﻇﻒ‬
‫ وذﻟﻚ أﻧﻚ إذا وﺟﺪت اﻟﺨﺮاج اﻟﻤﻮﻇﻒ زاﺋﺪا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﻧﻘﺼﺘﻪ وﺟﻮﺑﺎ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺼﻒ وﻟﻚ‬.‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
.‫ﺗﻨﻘﻴﺼﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﻤﺲ‬
ÒGUv †Zv ¯úó †h, Avjøvgv nvmKvdx ivn. GLv‡b Lviv‡Ri †h ûKzg eY©bv K‡i‡Qb
ûeû GB ûKzg Lviv‡R gyIqvh&h‡di †¶‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨| ïay wbmd-Lygym e‡j cÖKvk Kiv
G K_vi `vwe K‡i bv †h, GB ûKzg ïay Lviv‡R gyKvmvgvi †¶‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨| Avi ZvB
Lviv‡R gyIqvh&hd hw` Drcv`‡bi A‡a©‡Ki †ewk nq, Zvn‡j Acwinvh©fv‡e A‡a©K
ch©šÍ Kgv‡Z n‡e| Z‡e GK cÂgvsk ch©šÍ Kgv‡bvi my‡hvM Av‡Q|Ó405
LvivR e¨‡qi LvZ
LvivR e¨‡qi LvZ n‡”Q mvaviY RbM‡Yi Kj¨vYg~jK KvR| †hgb iv¯ÍvNvU I cyj
wbg©vY Kiv, gymwjg †`‡ki mxgvšÍ cvnviv, mvgwiK KvRKg©, iv‡óªi Kg©Pvixe„›` I
Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi fvZv BZ¨vw`| G‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨qfvi G LvZ †_‡K enb Kiv
n‡e| Agymwjg †_‡K †bqv wRwhqvI G Lv‡Z e¨q Kiv n‡e|
Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻳﺼﺮف‬،‫ واﻟﺠﺰﻳﺔ‬،‫ وﻣﺎ أﻫﺪاﻩ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺤﺮب إﻟﻰ اﻹﻣﺎم‬،‫ وﻣﻦ أﻣﻮال ﺑﻨﻲ ﺗﻐﻠﺐ‬،‫وﻣﺎ ﺟﺒﺎﻩ اﻹﻣﺎم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮاج‬
،‫ وﻋﻤﺎﻟﻬﻢ‬،‫ وﻳﻌﻄﻰ ﻗﻀﺎة اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬...‫ واﻟﺠﺴﻮر‬،‫ وﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﻘﻨﺎﻃﺮ‬،‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﺴﺪ اﻟﺜﻐﻮر‬
.‫ وﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ أرزاق اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺗﻠﺔ وذرارﻳﻬﻢ‬.‫وﻋﻠﻤﺎؤﻫﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻬﻢ‬
.‫ واﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ وﺑﻬﺬا ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻃﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫ ﻳﻌﻄﻰ أﻳﻀﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬: ‫ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ اﻟﻬﻤﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬
ÒkvmK LvivRx Rwg †_‡K Ges eby ZvMwje †MvÎ †_‡K †h LvivR Dm~j K‡i Ges
wRw¤§iv †h mKj nvw`qv kvmK‡K †`q Ges wRwhqv, G¸‡jv LiP Kiv n‡e gymjgvb‡`i
Kj¨vYRbK Lv‡Z| †hgb mxgvšÍ cÖniv, eªxR I KvjfvU wbg©vY BZ¨vw` Kv‡R Ges
gymwjg wePviK I miKvix Ab¨vb¨ Kg©KZ©v, Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K cÖ‡qvRb cwigvY †`qv

403 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 6/307, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

404 Avãyj Kv‡`i Be‡b †gv¯Ídv Be‡b Avãyj Kv‡`i Avi-iv‡dqx Avj dviæKx Avj nvbvdx ivn.| wZwb 1248 wnRix
m‡b kv‡gi Zviveyjy‡m Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 1312 wnRixi 7B ighvb Kvq‡iv‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Zvnwiiæj
gyLZvi wj iwÏj gynZvi Zuvi †kÖô iPbv|
405 ZvKixiv‡Z iv‡dÔqx: 6/59, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
204 `imyj wdK&n
n‡q Ges GLvb †_‡KB †hv×v I Zv‡`i mšÍvb-mšÍwZi fvZv †`qv n‡e|
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb, Bj‡g Øx‡bi wk¶K I wk¶v_©x‡`i LiPI GLvb †_‡K
†`qv n‡e| myZivs gv`ivmvi Zvwjeyj BjgivI Gi AšÍf©y³|Ó406

evsjv‡`‡ki Rwg Ikix bv LvivRx G wel‡q ch©v‡jvPbv

wLªw÷q 13Zg kZvãx †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k gymjgvb‡`i mvgwiK Dcw¯’wZ ïiæ nq, wKš‘
Gi A‡bK Av‡M wnRix cÖ_g kZvãx †_‡K G †`‡k gymjgvb‡`i AvMgb ïiæ nq|
AvMgb K‡ib A‡bK Qzwd, `i‡ek, Av‡jg I mvaK| Zuv‡`i †gnbZ I `vIqv‡Z `xN©
cuvPk eQ‡i G A‡ji A‡bK gvbyl Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib|
wLªw÷q 13Zg kZvãx‡Z (1201-1206) BLwZqvi DÏxb gynv¤§v` web eLwZqvi
wLjRxmn µgvš^‡q A‡bK gymwjg †mbvcwZ G A‡j AvMgb K‡ib| ZLb
gymjgvb‡`i kvmb¶gZv cÖwZwôZ nq|407
gymwjg †mbvcwZiv G‡`k AwaKv‡ii ci f~wg e¨e¯’vq we‡kl †Kv‡bv i` e`j
K‡iwQ‡jb e‡j ¯úó wKQz Rvbv hvq bv| eis BwZnvm †_‡K GUv Abygvb Kiv hvq †h,
cÖRv‡`i‡K hvi hvi f~wg‡Z Av‡Mi Ae¯’v‡ZB envj †i‡LwQ‡jb|
Gfv‡e ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, evsjv‡`‡ki f~wg wZb ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i|
GK. H mKj gymjgv‡bi f~wg hviv AvM †_‡KB †¯^”Qvq Bmjvg ag© MÖnY K‡i‡Q|
`yB. Agymwjg‡`i H mKj f~wg, gymwjg †mbvcwZiv weR‡qi ci hv‡Z c~‡e©i
gvwjK‡`i‡KB envj †i‡L‡Qb|
wZb. e¨w³ gvwjKvbvnxb cwZZ f~wg| †hgb, eb, R½j, cvnvo-ce©Z, b`x-bvjv, Lvj-
wej BZ¨vw`|
cÖ_g cÖKvi f~wg Ikix, hvi Av‡jvPbv c~‡e© MZ n‡q‡Q| wØZxq cÖKvi f~wg LvivRx|
Z…Zxq cÖKvi f~wg hw` †Kv‡bv gymjgvb Avev` K‡i _v‡K wKsev miKvi Zv‡K w`‡q
_v‡K Zvn‡j Zv Ikix e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` Zv †Kv‡bv Agymwjg Avev` K‡i _v‡K
wKsev miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K gvwjKvbv ¯^Ë¡ wb‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zv LvivRx e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡ki †h mKj Rwg LvivRx Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv cÖKvi LvivR IqvwRe n‡e-
gyKvmvgv bv gyIqvh&hd, GUv GKUv RwUj welq| KviY GUv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wbf©i K‡i
weRqx gymwjg kvm‡Ki wm×v‡šÍi Dci| Avi evsjv‡`‡k †h mKj gymwjg kvmK kvmb

406 †n`vqv dvZûj Kv`x‡ii bymLv: 5/306-307, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, cvwK¯Ívb

407 †`Ie›` Av‡›`vjb BwZnvm, HwZn¨, Ae`vb: 26
 Dki I Lviv‡Ri weavb 205
K‡iwQ‡jb Zviv GLvbKvi f~wg Kx e¨e¯’vq †i‡LwQ‡jb Zv GKwU A¯úó welq|
BwZnv‡m hZUzKz cvIqv hvq Zv n‡jv, we‡RZviv GLvbKvi Awaevmx‡`i‡K Zv‡`i
f~wg‡Z c~‡e©i ixwZ‡ZB envj †i‡LwQ‡jb|
gvmAvjv: GL‡bv ch©šÍ †h Rwg gymjgvb‡`i gvwjKvbvq Av‡Q, Avi cÖ‡Z¨K cÖR‡b¥ I
hy‡M Zv gymjgvb‡`i gvwjKvbvqB wQ‡jv Iqvwik m~‡Î †nvK ev µq m~‡Î| Zv‡Z hw`
gv‡S †Kv‡bv Agymwj‡gi gvwjKvbv _vKv m¤ú‡K© Zv‡Z ¯úófv‡e Rvbv bv hvq, Zvn‡j
eZ©gv‡b Zv Ikix Rwg wn‡m‡eB MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` gv‡S †Kv‡bv Agymwj‡gi gvwjKvbv
wQ‡jv| Rvbv hvq Zvn‡j Zv LvivRx Rwg wn‡m‡e aiv n‡e| Avi eZ©gv‡b gymjgvb‡`i
nv‡Z _vKv †Kv‡bv Rwgi hw` c~‡e©i Ae¯’v m¤ú‡K© wKQz Rvbv bv hvq, Zvn‡j ZvI Ikix
Rwg wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| ïiæ‡Z ev gv‡S †Kv‡bv Agymwj‡gi gvwjKvbvq _vK‡Z cv‡i
Ggb aviYv ev msk‡qi †Kv‡bv ¯’vb GLv‡b †bB| GB gvmAvjvwU gydZx kdx ivn.
D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb nhiZ Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. I gydZx Avhxhyi ingvb ivn. Gi
eivZ w`‡q|408
gvmAvjv: hw` †Kv‡bv gymwjg iv‡óªi miKvi Rwg‡Z LvRbv ev U¨v· avh© K‡i, wKš‘ Zv
kiÔqx LvivR wn‡m‡e bq, Zvn‡j Rwgi gvwjK †m LvRbv ev U¨v· Av`vq K‡i Lviv‡Ri
`vwqZ¡ †_‡K gy³ n‡Z cv‡i, hw` iv‡óª LvivR e¨‡qi LvZ _v‡K| Z‡e miKv‡ii avh©KZ
…
cwigvY hw` GK cÂgvsk †_‡K Kg nq Zvn‡j Aewkóvsk wbR `vwq‡Z¡ Lviv‡Ri
†Kv‡bv Lv‡Z e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e|409
gvmAvjv: hw` ev`kvn wKsev Zvi cÖwZwbwa †Kv‡bv f~wgi LvivR gvd K‡i †`q, Zvn‡j
Zv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| GB km¨¸‡jv Rwgi gvwjK †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i hw` †m LvivR MÖnY
Kivi †hvM¨ nq| †hgb †m `xwb ZvÔjxg I Zvejx‡Mi Kv‡R e¨¯Í _v‡K, Z`ªyc wRnv`
A_ev Bj&g A‡š^l‡Y gk¸j _v‡K BZ¨vw`| c¶všÍ‡i hw` †m Lviv‡Ri A_© MÖn‡Yi
†hvM¨ bv nq, Zvn‡j †m A_© Zvi Rb¨ nvjvj n‡e bv, eis †m A_© Lviv‡Ri Lv‡Z e¨q
Kiv Zvi Rb¨ IqvwRe| Avjøvg AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﺣﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻟﻮ‬،‫)ﺗﺮك اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن( أو ﻧﺎﺋﺒﻪ )اﻟﺨﺮاج ﻟﺮب اﻷرض( أو وﻫﺒﻪ ﻟﻪ وﻟﻮ ﺑﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ )ﺟﺎز( ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
.‫ وﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎوي ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ ﺣﻠﻪ ﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﺼﺮف ﺧﻼف اﻟﻤﺸﻬﻮر‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻔﺘﻰ‬،‫ وإﻻ ﺗﺼﺪق ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺼﺮﻓﺎ‬
ÒkvmK ev Zvi cÖwZwbwa hw` Rwgi gvwj‡Ki LvivR gvd K‡i †`q wKsev Zv‡K Zv
nvw`qv wn‡m‡e †`q hw`I Kv‡iv mycvwi‡k †nvK bv †Kb Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn. Gi
g‡Z Zv Rv‡qh n‡e| Ges Rwgi gvwjK hw` Zvi nK`vi nq Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ Zv
nvjvj n‡e| Avi hw` †m Zvi nK`vi bv nq Zvn‡j Zv m`Kv K‡i w`‡e| G g‡Zi
DciB dvZ&Iqv| Avi ÔnvexÕ bvgK wKZv‡e LvivR Zvi wba©vwiZ LvZ Qvov wfbœ †Kv‡bv
408 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/349-353, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
409 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/380, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
206 `imyj wdK&n
Lv‡Z e¨envi nvjvj nIqvi †h K_v i‡q‡Q Zv cÖwm× g‡Zi cwicš’x|Ó410

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
28 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

410 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 6/313, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 Dki I Lviv‡Ri weavb 207

Aa¨vq: †ivhv
208

ighvb I C‡`i Pvu`: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb

gvIjvbv Devq`jøvn SvjKvVx
†ivhv cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgvb bi-bvixi Dci dih| cÖwZ eQi †ivhvi kvk¦Z G weavb wb‡q
AvMgb K‡i gv‡n ighvb| Avi †ivhvi †k‡l Avb›` I Lywki evZ©v wb‡q Dcw¯’Z nq
C`yj wdZ&i| wKš‘ †ivhv I C` DfqwU cvjb Ki‡Z nq Pvu` †`Lv cÖgvwYZ n‡j A_ev
Aviex gvm c~Y© n‡j| Z‡e AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ _vKvi Kvi‡Y Puv` `„wó‡MvPi bv n‡j †ivhv
I C` cvj‡bi †¶‡Î †ek mgm¨vi m„wó nq| we‡kl K‡i eZ©gvb hy‡M hLb AvaywbK
hš¿cvwZi e¨envi ïiæ n‡q‡Q ag©xq welqvw`‡Z| †hgb `~iexb, wegvb I †nwjKÞvi
Pvu` †`Lvi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| Avi †iwWI, †Uwjwfkb I †gvevBj †dvb Puv` †`Lvi
Lei cÖPv‡ii Rb¨| ZvB G mKj beD™¢vweZ mgm¨vi kiÔqx mgvavb Rvbv Avgv‡`i
Rb¨ mg‡qi `vwe n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ G wel‡q wKQz mgm¨v I Zvi kiÔqx mgvavb
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
Pvu` †`Lvi ¸iæZ¡
Bmjv‡g Pvu` †`Lvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Acwimxg| †Kbbv ïay †ivhv I C` bq;
eis Av‡iv eû weav‡bi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q Pvu‡`i mv‡_| †hgb, n‡R¡i gvm I w`bmg~n,
Avïiv, k‡eeivZ BZ¨vw`| Avi Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv R‡j-¯’‡j, cvnvo-ce©‡Z me©Î
emevmKvix me †kÖYxi gvby‡li myweav‡_© Puv`‡K mgq wba©vi‡Yi KvR AvÄvg †`qvi
Rb¨ wbhy³ K‡i‡Qb, hv wb‡gœv³ Avqv‡Z D‡jøL n‡q‡Q| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 ¨§¦¥¤£¢¡ ~
Ò†Zvgvi wbKU Zviv bZzb Pvu‡`i wel‡q wR‡Ám K‡i| e‡j `vI, GwU gvby‡li Rb¨
mgq wba©viK Ges n‡R¡i mgq wVK Kivi gva¨g|Ó411
nv`xm kix‡d Pvu` †`‡L †ivhv ivLvi I Puv` †`‡L †ivhv Qvovi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q|
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ ﻓﻌﺪوا ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻏﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﮑﻢ اﻟﺸﻬﺮ‬،‫ ﺻﻮﻣﻮا ﻟﺮؤﻳﺘﻪ واﻓﻄﺮوا ﻟﺮؤﻳﺘﻪ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
Òbex Kixg e‡jb, †Zvgiv Pvu` †`‡L †ivhv ivL Ges Pvu` †`‡L †ivhv Qvo (C`
Ki)| Avi hw` AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ _vKvq Puv` †`Lv bv hvq, Zvn‡j wÎk w`b c~Y© Ki|Ó412
nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻏﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﮑﻢ‬،‫ وﻻ ﺗﻔﻄﺮوا ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﺮوﻩ‬،‫ ﻻﺗﺼﻮﻣﻮا ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﺮوا اﻟﻬﻼل‬:‫إن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ذﮐﺮ رﻣﻀﺎن ﻓﻘﺎل‬
.‫ﻓﺎﻗﺪروا ﻟﻪ‬
411 m~iv evKviv: 189
412 mnxn gymwjg: 1/348
 ighvb I C‡`i Pvu`: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 209
Òivm~jyjøvn ighvb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb, †Zvgiv bZzb Pvu` bv
†`Lv ch©šÍ (ighv‡bi) †ivhv ivL‡e bv Ges (kvIqv‡ji) bZzb Pvu` bv †`Lv ch©šÍ †ivhv
Qvo‡e bv (C` Ki‡e bv)| Avi hw` AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ _vKvq Puv` †`Lv bv hvq, Zvn‡j
gvm (wÎk w`b) c~Y© Ki‡e|Ó413
Dc‡iv³ AvqvZ I nv`xm Øviv Bmjv‡g Puv` †`Lvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ¯úófv‡e
dz‡U I‡V| ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Kvi‡YB dKxnMY e‡j‡Qb, Pvu` AbymÜvb Kiv
ÔIqvwRe Avjvj wKdvqvÕ| A_©vr †Kv‡bv A‡ji †KDB Puv` AbymÜvb bv Ki‡j mevB
¸bvnMvi n‡e| Avi wKQz gymjgvb AbymÜvb Ki‡j mevB `vwqZ¡gy³ n‡e| †hgb
dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z G‡m‡Q-
‫ وإن ﻏﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن رأوﻩ ﺻﺎﻣﻮﻩ‬،‫ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﻳﻠﺘﻤﺲ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟﻬﻼل ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺒﺎن وﻗﺖ اﻟﻐﺮوب‬
.‫أﻛﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ‬
ÒDbw·k kvevb m~h©v‡¯Íi mgq Puv` AbymÜvb Kiv gymjgvb‡`i Dci IqvwRe| myZivs
hw` Puv` †`Lv hvq, Zvn‡j mevB †ivhv ivL‡e| Ab¨_vq D³ gvm wÎk w`b c~Y©
Ki‡e|Ó414
ighvb I C‡`i Pvu` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi kZ©vejx
Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi weav‡bi †¶‡Î me gvm GK bq| ighvb gvm Ab¨vb¨ gv‡mi
Zzjbvq GKUz wfbœ| †Kbbv ighvb gv‡mi Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi Rb¨ mv¶¨ MÖn‡Yi
cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| †Kv‡bv GKRb wbf©i‡hvM¨ e¨w³i msev` ØvivI ighv‡bi Puv` cÖgvwYZ
n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ Ab¨vb¨ gv‡mi Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi Rb¨ kvnv`Z I mv‡¶¨i kZ©v‡ivc
Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e †h‡nZz Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi welq Bev`Z I gyÔAvgvjvZ Df‡qi
mv‡_ m¤úK© iv‡L, ZvB Ab¨vb¨ gyÔAvgvjv‡Z mv¶xi †¶‡Î †h K‡VviZv Kiv nq Zv
GLv‡b Kiv n‡e bv| †gvUK_v, ighvb Qvov Ab¨vb¨ gv‡mi Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi welqwU
wfbœ| ivm~jyjøvn ighv‡bi †¶‡Î GKRb gywgb e¨w³i msev` MÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ أﺗﺸﻬﺪ أن ﻻ إﻟﻪ إﻻ اﻟﻠﻪ وأن‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إﻧﻲ رأﻳﺖ اﻟﻬﻼل اﻟﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬:‫ﺟﺎء أﻋﺮاﺑﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎل‬
415.‫ ﻓﻠﻴﺼﻮﻣﻮا ﻏﺪا‬،‫ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻼل! ﻧﺎد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺎس‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻧﻌﻢ‬:‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪا ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ورﺳﻮﻟﻪ؟ ﻗﺎل‬

ÒGKRb MÖvg¨ e¨w³ ivm~jyjøvn Gi `iev‡i G‡m ejj, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! Avwg
iv‡Z Puv` †`‡LwQ| ivm~jyjøvn ej‡jb, Zzwg wK G K_vi mv¶¨ `vI †h, Avjøvn
Qvov †Kv‡bv Dcvm¨ †bB Ges gynv¤§` Avjøvni ivm~j? †jvKwU nu¨v e‡j ¯^xK…wZ

413 mnxn eyLvix: 1/256

414 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/197, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
«‫ واﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻲ»ﻣﺴﺘﺪرﻛﻪ‬،(۱٩۲٤) «‫ واﺑﻦ ﺧﺰﻳﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ‬،(۲۳۳۳) «‫( وأﺑﻮ داود ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬٩٥٦۰) «‫ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ‬415
.‫( وﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺎق ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ اﻟﺜﻮري وﺣﻤﺎد ﺑﻦ ﺳﻠﻤﺔ وواﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ‬٤۲٤/۱)
210 `imyj wdK&n
Rvbv‡jv| bexRx ZLb nhiZ †ejvj ivwh.†K †W‡K wb‡`©k w`‡jb, mevB‡K G
g‡g© †NvlYv `vI †h, Zviv †hb AvMvgxKvj †ivhv iv‡L|Ó416
D³ nv`x‡m ivm~jyjøvn R‰bK MÖvg¨ e¨w³‡K ïay Cgv‡bi K_v wR‡Ám K‡i‡Qb|
Zvi Av`vjZ ev b¨vqcivqYZv m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Lei †bbwb, evwn¨K Ae¯’vi Dci
wbf©i K‡i‡Qb| G †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, ighv‡bi Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi Rb¨ ïay
gymjgvb nIqv h‡_ó|
ighv‡bi Puv` ïay Bev`‡Zi mv‡_ m¤ú„³, ZvB GKR‡bi LeiB h‡_ó| c¶všÍ‡i C`
ev Ab¨vb¨ gv‡mi Puv‡`i welq wfbœ, †mLv‡b Bev`‡Zi cvkvcvwk ev›`vi jvf-¶wZ hy³,
ZvB ighv‡bi †¶‡Î wKQzUv wkw_jZv _vK‡jI Ab¨vb¨ gv‡mi Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi Rb¨
Kgc‡¶ `yBRb mv¶x Avek¨K| nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q, ighvb e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ gv‡m
Puv` †`Lv bv †M‡j bexRx `yBRb b¨vqcivqY mv¶xi mv¶¨ MÖn‡Yi wb‡`©k
w`‡q‡Qb| nhiZ ûmvBb Bebyj nv‡im Avj-Rv`vjx ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻧﺮﻩ وﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪا ﻋﺪل‬،‫ ﻋﻬﺪ إﻟﻴﻨﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
أن ﻧﻨﺴﻚ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل‬،‫أن أﻣﻴﺮ ﻣﻜﺔ ﺧﻄﺐ‬
‫ ﻫﻮ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻟﻘﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻻ أدري‬:‫ ﻣﻦ أﻣﻴﺮ ﻣﻜﺔ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﺖ اﻟﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺎرث‬،‫ﻧﺴﻜﻨﺎ ﺑﺸﻬﺎدﺗﻬﻤﺎ‬
.‫ وﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫ أﺧﻮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﻃﺐ‬،‫اﻟﺤﺎرث ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﻃﺐ‬
Òg°v kix‡di Avgxi (nv‡im Beby nvwZe ivwh.) LyZevq e‡j‡Qb, ivm~jyjøvn
Avgv‡`i‡K Puv` †`‡L Kzievbx Kivi AwmqvZ K‡i‡Qb| Avi KviYekZ Puv` bv †`Lv
†M‡j Ges `yÕRb b¨vqcivqY e¨w³ Puv` †`Lvi mv¶¨ w`‡j, Zv‡`i mv‡¶¨i wfwˇZ
†hb Kzievbx Kwi|Ó417
D³ nv`xm †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, ighvb Qvov Ab¨ gv‡mi Puv` ¯úófv‡e †`Lv bv
†M‡j `yÕRb b¨vqcivqY mv¶xi mv¶¨ Avek¨K| ïay ZvB bq; eis mv¶¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨
nIqvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i gv‡S wbgœ ewY©Z ¸Y¸‡jv _vKv Avek¨K|
1. gymjgvb nIqv| 2. cÖvßeq¯‹ nIqv| 3. Av‡Kj A_©vr my¯’ gw¯Í¯‹m¤úbœ nIqv| 4.
`„wókw³m¤úbœ nIqv| 5. Av‡`j A_©vr b¨vqcivqY nIqv| †k‡liwU GKwU we‡kl
¸iæZ¡c~Y© kZ© hv me ai‡bi mv¶xi †¶‡ÎB we‡kl f~wgKv iv‡L| wKš‘ eZ©gvb hvgvbvq
ev¯Íe A‡_© b¨vqcivqY mv¶x Luy‡R cvIqv `y®‹i| ZvB hw` me RvqMvq Av‡`j nIqvi
kZ© jvMv‡bv nq, Zvn‡j gvby‡li ˆ`bw›`b A‡bK mgm¨vq mgvavb †`qv Am¤¢e n‡q
co‡e| GRb¨ cÖ‡qvR‡bi ZvwM‡` wePviK dv‡mK‡K wbf©i‡hvM¨ g‡b Ki‡j Zvi mv¶¨
MÖnY K‡i dvqmvjv w`‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e Giƒc Kiv wePvi‡Ki Rb¨ Avek¨K bq| 6.
Zvi K_vi gv‡S mv¶¨ w`w”Q kã we`¨gvb _vKv| 7. ¯^P‡¶ Pvu` †`Lvi mv¶¨ †`qv|
†kvbv Le‡ii mv¶¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| 8. mv¶¨`vZv wePvi‡Ki `iev‡i nvwRi nIqv,

416 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 2333; gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: nv`xm bs 9560
417 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 2331
 ighvb I C‡`i Pvu`: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 211
Ab¨_vq mv¶¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv|418
†Kv‡bv †`‡k kiÔqx wePviK bv _vK‡j wePvi‡Ki weKí wn‡m‡e GKwU †njvj KwgwU
MVb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, †hLv‡b wbf©i‡hvM¨ Av‡jg Ijvgv _vK‡eb| mv¶xMY Zv‡`i
mvg‡b mv¶¨ w`‡j wbR GjvKvi Rb¨ Puv` cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q e‡j a‡i †bqv n‡e|419
Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi †¶‡Î mv‡¶¨i wKQz iƒc‡iLv
†h †Kv‡bv gvgjvi wb®úwËi †¶‡Î mv¶¨ cÖ`v‡bi wewfbœ c×wZ I iƒc‡iLv i‡q‡Q, hv
¯’vb †f‡` Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi †¶‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨| ZvB wb‡gœ G welqwU Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
(Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, mv¶x ev Le‡ii gva¨‡g Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi welq
ZLbB hLb AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ _vK‡e| AvKvk cwi®‹vi _vK‡j eo GK RvgvÔAv‡Zi
Puv` †`Lv kZ©| Ab¨_vq ïay GKRb ev `yÕR‡bi Lei ev mv¶¨ Øviv Puv` †`Lv cÖgvwYZ
n‡e bv) G e¨vcv‡i gydZx kdx ivn. RvIqvwniæj wdK‡n we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb|
hvi mvims‡¶c wbgœiƒc-
cÖ_g c×wZ: ‫ اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ‬Z_v ¯^P‡¶ Pvu` †`Lvi mv¶¨`vb| gg© n‡jv wbw`©ó cwigvY
†jvK Pvu` †`‡L wePviK ev †njvj KwgwUi Kv‡Q Pvu` †`Lvi mv¶¨ †`qv| wePviK ev
†njvj KwgwU mv¶x‡`i mv¶¨ MÖnY Ki‡j Pvu` cÖgvwYZ n‡e|
wØZxq c×wZ: ‫ اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة‬A_©vr mv¶xi mv¶¨ cÖ`v‡bi mv¶¨| Gi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv,
mv¶¨ †`qvi Dchy³ GKvwaK e¨w³ Pvu` †`Lvi ci kiÔqx †Kv‡bv mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y
wePvi‡Ki Kvh©vj‡q Dcw¯’Z n‡Z bv cvi‡j Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K `yÕRb †hvM¨ e¨w³i mvg‡b
Zv‡`i Puv` †`Lvi mv¶¨ w`‡e| H `yÕRb e¨w³ wePviK ev †njvj KwgwUi mvg‡b G
K_vi m¶¨ w`‡e †h, cÖ_g mv¶x Zv‡`i mvg‡b Puv` †`Lvi mv¶¨ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| Gfv‡e
ej‡e, ÔAvgiv G g‡g© mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, Agy‡Ki †Q‡j AgyK Avgv‡`i mvg‡b Puv` †`Lvi
e¨vcv‡i mv¶¨ cÖ`vb K‡i Avgv‡`i‡K Zvi c¶ †_‡K mv¶¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ e‡j‡Q|
ZvB Avgiv mv¶¨ cÖ`vb KiwQ|Õ Gici wePviK ev †njvj KwgwU Zv‡`i mv¶¨ kÖeY
K‡i dvqmvjv w`‡j Puv` cÖgvwYZ n‡e| †h‡nZz we‡kl cÖ‡qvR‡bi Kvi‡Y D³ c×wZ
Aej¤^b Kiv nq, ZvB mg¯Í dKxni HK¨g‡Zi wfwˇZ g~j mv¶xi Dcw¯’wZ Am¤¢e
nIqv e¨ZxZ Zvi c¶ †_‡K Ab¨ Kv‡iv mv¶¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv|Ó420
Z…Zxq c×wZ: ‫ اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬ÔwePvi‡Ki dvqmvjvi e¨vcv‡i mv¶¨ cÖ`vb|Õ A_©vr
mv¶¨ †`qvi Dchy³ GKvwaK †jvK wePviK ev †njvj KwgwUi wbKU Gfv‡e mv¶¨
cÖ`vb Ki‡e †h, Avgiv mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, AgyK kn‡ii wePviK ev †njvj KwgwU `yB
e¨w³i mv¶¨ MÖnY K‡i Pvu` IVvi wm×všÍ w`‡q‡Qb| ZLb GB kn‡ii wePviK ev †njvj
KwgwUi Rb¨ Zv‡`i D³ Ôkvnv`Z Avjvj KvhvÕ Z_v dvqmvjvi e¨vcv‡i mv‡¶¨i
418 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/471-474, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
419 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/475, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
420 RvIqvwniæi wdKn: 3/493-494, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
212 `imyj wdK&n
wfwˇZ G kn‡i Pvu` IVvi wm×všÍ †NvlYv Kiv my‡hvM i‡q‡Q|
Avjøvgv eyinvbyÏxb gvng~` Be‡b gvhv ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺷﺎﻫﺪان ﺷﻬﺪا ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺮ أﻫﻠﻪ اﻟﻬﻼل ﻋﻠﻲ أن ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﺼﺮ ﮐﺬا ﺷﻬﺪ‬:‫وﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻨﻮازل‬
.‫ ﻗﻀﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﺸﻬﺎدﺗﻬﻤﺎ‬،‫ ووﺟﺪ اﺳﺘﺠﻤﺎع ﺷﺮاﺋﻂ ﺻﺤﺔ اﻟﺪﻋﻮي‬،‫ وﻗﻀﻲ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺷﺎﻫﺪان ﺑﺮؤﻳﺔ اﻟﻬﻼل‬
Ò†h kn‡i Pvu` I‡Vwb †mLvbKvi wePvi‡Ki wbKU `yB e¨w³ GB g‡g© mv¶¨ w`‡e †h,
AgyK kn‡ii wePviK `yB e¨w³i Pvu` †`Lvi mv¶¨ MÖnY K‡i Pvu` IVvi dvqmvjv
w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zv‡`i `vwe ï× nIqvi kZ©mg~nI cvIqv †M‡Q| Zvn‡j GB kn‡ii
wePviK Zv‡`i mv‡¶¨i wfwˇZ Pvu` IVvi †NvlYv w`‡eb|Ó421
Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi Av‡iv GKwU c×wZ
‫ اﻟﺨﺒﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﻴﺾ‬Ôe¨vcK cÖPvwiZ msev`|Õ A_©vr †Kv‡bv msev` GZ e¨vcKZv ev cÖwmw×
jvf Kiv hvi mKj eY©bvKvix wg_¨vi Dci GKgZ nIqv Am¤¢e| G‡¶‡Î mv‡¶¨i
cÖ‡qvRb †bB| Pvu‡`i LeiUv ighv‡bi Pvu‡`i Lei †nvK wKsev C‡`i| wKš‘ Gi Rb¨
kZ© n‡jv wewfbœ kni †_‡K wewfbœ †jvK G g‡g© msev` w`‡e †h Avgiv ¯^P‡¶ Pvu`
†`‡LwQ ev AgyK kn‡ii wePviK Pvu` †`Lvi mv¶¨ MÖnYc~e©K Pvu` IVvi wm×všÍ
w`‡q‡Qb|422
†njvj KwgwUi iƒc‡iLv
†Kv‡bv †`‡k kiÔqx Kvhx bv _vK‡j weKí wn‡m‡e †njvj KwgwU MVb Kiv DwPZ, hvi
iƒc‡iLv Gfv‡e n‡e-
1. KwgwUi †fZi Ggb weÁ Av‡jgMY _vK‡eb huv‡`i dvZ&Iqv I wm×v‡šÍi Dci
gymjgvb‡`i AwaK Av¯’v I wek¦vm i‡q‡Q, †hb Zv‡`i wm×všÍ †g‡b wb‡Z †Kv‡bv wPšÍv-
wdwKi Ki‡Z bv nq| KwgwUi wm×všÍ ¯^qs KwgwUi †Kv‡bv Av‡jg Zv‡`i fvlvq cÖPvi
Ki‡Z n‡e| mvaviY Le‡ii gZ †h †KD cÖPvi Ki‡j Pj‡e bv|
2. †`‡ki eo eo kn‡i †njvj KwgwUi kvLv cÖwZôv Kiv n‡e, hv‡Z mv¶x‡`i †K›`ªxq
KwgwUi Kv‡Q Dcw¯’Z nIqvi cÖ‡qvRb bv nq| G‡¶‡Î KwgwU‡Z †Kv‡bv miKvix
Awdmvi _vK‡eb, whwb miKvix Li‡P mv¶¨ MÖnY I Lei †cŠuQv‡bvi e¨e¯’v AvÄvg
w`‡eb|
3. †ivhv I C‡`i `y-GKw`b c~‡e© mKj wgwWqv‡Z G g‡g© wb‡`©k Rvwi Kiv n‡e †h,
hw` †Kv_vI †KD Pvu` †`‡L, Zvn‡j †hb m‡½ m‡½ wbKU¯’ _vbvq msev` †cuŠQvq| hw`
MÖnY‡hvM¨ KviY Qvov msev` †cuŠQv‡Z wej¤^ K‡i, Zvn‡j †m Acivax mve¨¯Í n‡e Ges
Zvi mv¶¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv|
4. cÖ‡Z¨K _vbvq G wb‡`©k †cuŠQv‡bv n‡e †h, hLbB †Kv‡bv mv¶¨`vZv Av‡m
421 Avj gynxZzj eyinvbx: 2/550, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
422 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/477, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 ighvb I C‡`i Pvu`: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 213
Zvr¶wYKfv‡e _vbv cÖavb wbKU¯’ †njvj KwgwUi Awdmvi‡K †Uwj‡dv‡b Rvbv‡eb †h,
K‡qKRb †jvK ¯^P‡¶ Pvu` †`Lvi mv¶¨ w`‡”Q, Avgiv Zv‡`i‡K Avcbv‡`i Kv‡Q
cvVv‡bvi e¨e¯’v KiwQ| AZtci cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨vw` msMÖnc~e©K GB kvLv KwgwU †K›`ªxq
KwgwUi wbKU GB Ae¯’v Rvbv‡e|
5. hw` †K›`ªxq KwgwU Rvb‡Z cv‡i, †`‡ki †Kv_vI Pvu` †`Lv wb‡q M‡elYv Pj‡Q,
Zvn‡j H kvLv KwgwUi c¶ n‡Z mywbw`©ó wm×všÍ bv cvIqv ch©šÍ †K›`ªxq KwgwU wbwðZ
†Kv‡bv wm×všÍ cÖPvi Ki‡e bv| eis Puv` †`Lvi welq wb‡q wPšÍvfvebv Pj‡Q e‡j
†NvlYv w`‡e hv‡Z †jvKRb A‡c¶vq _v‡K| mwVK wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ nIqvi ciB
wbwðZ Lei cÖPvi Ki‡e|
6. †K›`ªxq KwgwUi cÖavb‡K G wel‡q Aek¨B hZœkxj n‡Z n‡e †h, wbwðZ wm×v‡šÍ
DcbxZ nIqvi Av‡M †KD ˆeVK Z¨vM Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
7. †K›`ªxq KwgwUi Av‡iv GKwU wel‡qi cÖwZ j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e| Zv n‡jv, †`‡ki
†fZi mv¶xi Dci wfwË K‡i Pvu‡`i wm×všÍ ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ cÖPvi Ki‡e bv hZ¶Y ch©šÍ
mv¶¨ MÖn‡Yi c~‡e©v³ wZb c×wZ Abymv‡i cwic~Y©fv‡e Puv` †`Lv cÖgvwYZ bv n‡e|423
†njvj KwgwUi †NvlYv Abyhvqx †ivhv I C` cvjb
cÖ‡Z¨K GjvKvq wfbœ wfbœ †njvj KwgwUi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| eis GK ÔgvZjvÕ ev hZUzKz
GjvKv Ry‡o GK D`q¯’j wnmve Kiv nq †mLv‡b GKwU KwgwU _vKv h‡_ó| eZ©gv‡b
miKv‡ii c¶ †_‡K †njvj KwgwU MVb Kiv nq, hviv cÖwZgv‡m Pvu` ch©‡eŸY K‡i|
we‡kl K‡i ighvb I C‡`i Pvu` ch©‡eŸYc~e©K †iwWI, wUwfi gva¨‡g †njvj KwgwUi
eivZ w`‡q Pvu` †`Lvi msev` cÖPvi Kiv nq| Dc‡iv³ msev‡`i wfwˇZ †ivhv I C`
cvjb Ki‡Z n‡j wb‡gœi kZ©mg~‡ni cÖwZ Aek¨B j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
K. †NvlYvi w`bwU gv‡mi ïiæ †_‡K wb‡q 28 ev 31Zg w`b bv n‡Z n‡e|
L. †njvj KwgwUi m`m¨MY Av‡jg I Øxb`vi n‡Z n‡e|
M. c~‡e©v³ kiÔqx kZ©vbyhvqx Pvu‡`i Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e|
N. KwgwU ev ivóªcÖav‡bi c¶ †_‡K G g‡g© †NvlYv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e †h, kiÔqx
kZ©vbyhvqx Pvu` Dw`©Z nIqvi cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q|424
wegvb, †nwjKÞvi I `~iex‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Pvu` †`Lv
Pvu` †`Lvi †¶‡Î kixÔAv‡Zi weavb n‡”Q cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl wbR wbR Ae¯’v‡b †_‡K Pvu`
†`Lvi †Póv Ki‡e| ZvB wegvb †nwjKÞvi BZ¨vw`i Av‡qvRb K‡i Pvu` †`Lvi Rb¨
A‡bK Dc‡i IVvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| Aviex gvm wbY©‡q AvaywbK hš¿cvwZ Kv‡R jvMv‡bv
Abvek¨K nIqvi welqwU wb‡gœi nv`xm †_‡K dz‡U I‡V| nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K

423 dvZvIqv‡q evBwqbvZ: 3/36-37, gvKZvev‡q evBwqbvZ, webœyix UvDb, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
424 m~Î, dvZvIqv‡q gvng~w`qv: 15/102, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
214 `imyj wdK&n
ewY©Z-
‫ اﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﻫﻜﺬا وﻫﻜﺬا ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﺮة ﺗﺴﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬،‫ إﻧﺎ أﻣﺔ أﻣﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻧﻜﺘﺐ وﻻ ﻧﺤﺴﺐ‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬
.‫وﻣﺮة ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ‬
ÒbexRx e‡j‡Qb, Avgiv wbi¶i RvwZ| Avgiv †jLv‡jwLi gva¨‡g gvm wnmve
Kwi bv| (Gici nvZ Øviv Bkviv K‡i msL¨v †`wL‡q e‡j‡Qb gvm nq‡Zv GZ w`‡b
n‡e A_ev GZ w`‡b|) eY©bvKvix e‡jb, †Zv gvm nq DbwÎk w`‡b n‡e A_ev wÎk
w`‡b|Ó425
Z‡e Gi A_© GUv bq †h, NUbvµ‡g †KD hw` wegv‡b _vKv Ae¯’vq Pvu` †`‡L Zvn‡j
Zv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, wegvb BZ¨vw`i mvnv‡h¨ Puv` †`Lvi
Avek¨KxqZv kixÔAv‡Z †bB| GiciI wegvb ev †nwjKÞvi †hv‡M Pvu` †`Lvi
Av‡qvRb Ki‡j ev wegv‡bi md‡i †KD Pvu` †`L‡Z †c‡j Zv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e wK bv?
G cÖ‡kœi Reve Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. Gi fvl¨ †_‡K eySv hvq, Zv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e| wZwb
e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﮑﻮن ﺗﻔﺮدﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ ﺧﻼف اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ‬،‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﺮي اﻟﻬﻼل ﻣﻦ أﻋﻠﻲ اﻷﻣﺎﮐﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺮي ﻣﻦ اﻷﺳﻔﻞ‬
.‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺔ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ‬
ÒKL‡bv Pvu` wbPz ¯’vb †_‡K †`Lv bv †M‡jI Dci †_‡K †`Lv hvq, GgZve¯’vq DuPz
RvqMv †_‡K Kv‡iv Pvu` †`Lv ev¯ÍeZv cwicš’x bq; eis ev¯Íem¤§Z|Ó426
`~iex‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Pvu` †`Lv: `~iexb mvaviYZ `~‡ii A¯úó wRwbm ev `„wó mxgvi
evB‡ii e¯‘ †`L‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Z‡e Ggb bq †h, Aw¯ÍZ¡nxb †Kv‡bv wRwbm‡K `~iexb
Aw¯ÍZ¡kxj K‡i †`q| myZivs Gi `„óvšÍ cvIqvix Pkgvi gZ| AZGe `~iexb Øviv Pvu`
†`Lv mivmwi †Pv‡L †`Lv wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e|427
†iwWI †Uwjwfk‡bi msev‡`i wfwˇZ †ivhv I C` cvjb
†iwWI wUwf‡Z cÖPvwiZ msev` kiÔqx mv‡¶¨i mggv‡bi bq; eis Zv mvaviY msev‡`i
gZB| †Kbbv mv‡¶¨i Rb¨ mv¶xi Dcw¯’wZ kZ©, GLv‡b Zv Abycw¯’Z| A_P ighvb
e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ gv‡mi †¶‡Î Puv` cÖgvwYZ nIqvi Rb¨ mv¶xi cÖ‡qvRb nq|428 g~jZ
D³ Kvi‡YB †iwWI wUwf‡Z Puv‡`i msev` cÖPv‡ii ûKzg wKQzUv Av‡jvPbv mv‡c¶| ZvB
welqwU fv‡jvfv‡e †evSvi Rb¨ Avgiv †iwWI wUwfi msev`‡K `yÕfv‡M fvM Ki‡Z
cvwi|
1. †iwWI wUwfi msev‡`i wfwˇZ †iwWI¯’ kni ev †`‡k †ivhv I C` cvjb| †hgb

425 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 1780

426 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/357, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
427 Bg`v`yj dvZvIqv: 2/109, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
428 `ªóe¨, dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/352, 361, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 ighvb I C‡`i Pvu`: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 215
XvKvi wUwfi msev‡` XvKvevmxi C` cvjb ev evsjv‡`‡ki wUwfi msev‡` evsjv‡`kx‡`i
C` cvjb|
2. GK †`‡ki †iwWI wUwfi msev‡` (D`q¯’j GK nIqvq) Ab¨ kni ev †`‡k †ivhv
I C` cvjb| †hgb XvKvi wUwfi msev‡` PÆMÖv‡g †ivhv I C` cvjb ev evsjv‡`‡ki
wUwfi msev‡` cvwK¯Ív‡b †ivhv I C` cvjb|
cÖ_g Av‡jvPbv: hw` wePviK ev †njvj KwgwU mv¶x‡`i †_‡K kiÔqx c×wZ‡Z mv¶¨
MÖnY K‡i Zv †iwWI wUwf‡Z cÖPvi K‡i, Zvn‡j D³ kni ev †`‡ki evwm›`v‡`i Rb¨
Gi Dci wfwË K‡i †ivhv I C` cvjb Kiv ˆea n‡e|
gyd&Zx kdx ivn. e‡jb, hw` †Kv‡bv kn‡ii wePviK ev †njvj KwgwU mv¶xM‡Yi cÖwZ
Av¯’vevb n‡q †ivhv ev C‡`i †NvlYv †`q Ges Zv †iwWI wUwf‡Z cÖPvi Kiv nq, Zvn‡j
H Lei D³ kni Ges Zvi msjMœ GjvKvi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki n‡e| Z‡e kZ© n‡jv, †iwWI
ev wUwf‡Z Pvu‡`i wel‡q wfwËnxb msev` cÖPvi Ki‡e bv; eis wePviK ev †njvj KwgwUi
c¶ †_‡K †`qv msev` ûeû Zv‡`i ev‡K¨ cwic~Y© mZK©Zvi mv‡_ cÖPvi Ki‡e| †h
†iwWI ev wUwf‡Z G ai‡bi mZK©Zv _vK‡e bv Zvi msev‡`i wfwˇZ †ivhv I C`
cvjb Kiv hv‡e bv|429
gydZx ikx` Avng` jywaqvbfx ivn. ÔAvnmvbyj dvZvIqvÕq G wel‡q we¯ÍvwiZ
Av‡jvPbv Kivi ci e‡jb, hw` †iwWI wUwfi msev` †Kv‡bv MÖnY‡hvM¨ Av‡jg A_ev
gydZx A_ev †njvj KwgwUi c¶ †_‡K cÖPvi Kiv nq, Zvn‡j ïaygvÎ Zv D³ kni I
†`‡ki Rb¨B Kvh©Ki n‡e, Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ bq| Ab¨vb¨ dvZ&IqvMÖ‡š’i Abyiƒc e³e¨
i‡q‡Q|430
wØZxq Av‡jvPbv: hw` †Kv‡bv we‡eKevb I `„wóm¤úbœ mvevjK gymjgvb b¨vqcivqY
e¨w³ ¯^P‡¶ Pvu` †`‡L †iwWI ev wUwf‡Z †NvlYv †`b †h, Avwg wbR †Pv‡L Pvu` †`‡LwQ,
Zvn‡j AvKvk cwi®‹vi bv _vK‡j Zvi G msev` cvk¦©eZ©x Ggb †`‡ki Rb¨I MÖnY‡hvM¨
n‡e hvi Puv‡`i D`q¯’j Awfbœ| Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا ﮐﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻌﻴﺪة ﻓﻼ ﻳﻠﺰم أﺣﺪ‬،‫ﻫﺬا إذا ﮐﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬
.‫اﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﺣﮑﻢ اﻵﺧﺮ‬
ÒGK †`‡ki Pvu` †`Lvi Lei ev kvnv`vZ Ab¨ †`‡ki Rb¨ H mgq MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e
hLb Dfq †`k GZ wbKUeZ©x nq †h, Dfq †`‡ki Puv‡`i D`q¯’j Awfbœ| Avi hw`
`yB †`‡ki `~iZ¡ GZ †ewk nq †h, Df‡qi D`q¯’j wfbœ wfbœ, Zvn‡j Dfq †`‡ki
ûKzg GK n‡e bv|Ó431

429 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/483, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

430 dvZvIqv‡q n°vwbqv: 4/131-32, RvwgqvZzj Dj~g n°vwbqv, cvwK¯Ívb; Bev`yi ingvb: 3/172, `viæj BdZv IqvZ
ZvnKxK KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb; Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 4/411, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
431 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/224, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
216 `imyj wdK&n
KZUzKz `~i‡Z¡ Puv‡`i D`q¯’j wfbœ n‡e Avi KZUzKz Kv‡Q Awfbœ n‡e- G e¨vcv‡i
Avjøvgv kveŸxi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﺎ إن ﻟﺰم اﻟﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮم واﺣﺪ ﻷن اﻟﻨﺼﻮص ﻣﺼﺮﺣﺔ ﺑﻜﻮن‬
.‫اﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ أو ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻓﻼ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة وﻻ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ دون أﻗﻞ اﻟﻌﺪد وﻻ أزﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ أﻛﺜﺮﻩ‬
ÒPuv‡`i D`q¯’‡ji wfbœZv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e H `yB †`‡ki gv‡S †h¸‡jvi Puv‡`i D`‡qi
e¨eavb GKw`b †_‡KI †ewk nq| †Kbbv gvm 29 ev 30 nIqv m¤ú‡K© my¯úó kiÔqx
cÖgvY i‡q‡Q| AZGe Ggb `yB †`‡ki gv‡S GK †`‡ki kvnv`vZ Ab¨ †`‡ki Rb¨
MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv, hvi d‡j gvm 29 w`‡bi †P‡q Kg ev w·ki †P‡q †ewk n‡q
hvq|Ó432
gydZx kdx ivn. DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbvi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z e‡jb- ¯
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ÒnhiZ gvIjvbv kveŸxi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn. Gi ZvnKx‡Ki Øviv G wm×všÍI w¯’i
nq †h wbKUeZ©x Ges `~ieZ©x kn‡ii †¶‡Î wbKU I `~‡ii gvb`Û Kx Ges KZUzKz
`~iZ¡ aZ©e¨ n‡e? Zvi mgvavb n‡jv, †h †`‡k Ab¨ †`‡ki Puv` †`Lv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡j
gvm 28 ev 31 w`‡b n‡q hvq †mLv‡b D`q¯’‡ji wfbœZv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e| c¶všÍ‡i
†hLv‡b Ab¨ †`‡ki Puv` †`Lv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡j gvm 28 ev 31 w`‡b bv n‡q eis 29 ev
30 w`‡b nq †mLv‡b D`q¯’j GK Z_v Awfbœ aiv n‡e|Ó433
†gvevBj †dvb I wPwVc‡Îi msev‡` †ivhv I C` cvjb
kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z wPwVc‡Îi msev` mvaviY msev‡`i gvb iv‡L| ZvB hw` wb`k©b Øviv
Rvbv hvq †h, GB wPwV AgyK b¨vqcivqY wek¦¯Í e¨w³i †jLv, Zvn‡j AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ
_vK‡j ighv‡bi †ivhvi †¶‡Î Zv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e|
gydZx ikx` Avng` Mv½ynx ivn. e‡jb, Pvu‡`i msev` wPwVc‡Îi gva¨‡g Rvbv †h‡Z
cv‡i hLb wPwVi e¨vcv‡i cÖvc‡Ki cÖej aviYv n‡e †h, GUv AgyK e¨w³i wPwV| Zv‡Z
†Kv‡bv i`-e`j nqwb, Zvn‡j Zvi Dci Avgj Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|434
nvKxgyj D¤§Z nhiZ _vbfx ivn. e‡jb, †h mKj welq gy‡L ejvi Øviv MÖnY I
cÖgvY‡hvM¨ nq, Zv wPwVi gva¨‡g MÖnY‡hvM¨ nIqvi kZ© n‡jv wPwV †cÖi‡Ki cwiPq I
432 dvZûj gyjwng: 5/198, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Kjg, `v‡g¯‹
433 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/482, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
434 dvZvIqv‡q ikxw`qv: 457, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 ighvb I C‡`i Pvu`: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 217
GUv Zvi c¶ †_‡K nIqvi wel‡q wbwðZ nIqv Ges Lei mZ¨ nIqvi e¨vcv‡i `„p
wek¦vm _vKv| G‡¶‡Î wePviK I mvaviY gvbyl mK‡j mgvb|435
wPwVi weav‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i dzKvnv‡q †Kivg e‡jb, †gvevBj †dv‡bi msev``vZv
b¨vqcivqY n‡j Ges Zvi AvIqvR kbv³ Kiv †M‡j D³ msev` AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ
_vKvKvjxb ighv‡bi †ivhvi Rb¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e, C‡`i Rb¨ bq|
gydZx ikx` Avng` jywaqvbfx ivn. e‡jb, †iwWI †Uwj‡dvb I wPwVc‡Îi msev` GB
k‡Z© MÖnY Kiv n‡e †h, Zvi †jLv I AvIqvR cwic~Y©fv‡e kbv³ Kiv hv‡e I
msev``vZv gymjgvb Av‡`j n‡e Ges wb‡Ri Pvu` †`Lvi msev` ¯úó fvlvq †`‡e,
A¯úófv‡e †`‡e bv| †hgb ej‡e, Avwg ¯^P‡¶ Pvu` †`‡LwQ|436
Dcmsnvi: Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv Øviv GK_v ¯úó n‡q †M‡jv †h, kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z
†ivhv I C‡`i Pvu` †`Lv Ges Zvi msev` cÖPvi-cÖmvi Kivi Rb¨ kixÔAvZ KZ…©K
wb‡`©wkZ kZ©vejx AbymiY Kiv Avek¨K| ZvB †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î †Kvb kZ© cvIqv bv †M‡j
Pvu` †`Lv cÖgvwYZ n‡e bv Ges †m Lei cÖPvi-cÖmvi Kiv hv‡e bv| Avi hw` D³
kZ©vejx c~Y©gvÎvq cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j Puv` †`Lv cªgvwYZ n‡e, †m Lei cÖPvi-cÖmvi
KivI ˆea n‡e Ges G Le‡ii wfwˇZ †ivhv I C` cvjb Kiv hv‡e|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
29 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn. 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
19 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 21 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

435 Bg`v`yj dvZvIqv: 2/94, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

436 Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 4/412, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
218

mviv we‡k¦ GKB w`‡b C`

gvIjvbv gynv¤§`jøvn Kzwgjøv
C` Avb›` I Bev`‡Zi mgwó| gywg‡bi Avb›`I Bev`Z n‡e, hLb Zv mybœvn I mvnvevi
Avgj Abyhvqx n‡e| Zv n‡e me ai‡bi evovevwo I QvovQvwogy³| A‡bK fvB C`‡K
Avb‡›`i cwie‡Z© weev‡` cwiYZ K‡ib| GLb Rbg‡b mskq m„wó n‡q‡Q, mviv we‡k¦
C` GKB w`‡b n‡e bv cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki C` Zv‡`i Puv` †`Lv wn‡m‡e n‡e? ev¯Íe mybœvn
†Kv‡bvUv? G wel‡q c~e©hyM †_‡KB M‡elYv I †jLv‡jwL Pj‡Q| weÁRb‡`i437
Av‡jvPbvi mvims‡¶c eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü †ck Kiv n‡jv|
GK D`q¯’‡j Ae¯’vbKvixi C`
nhiZ Avbvm ivwh. Gi cyÎ Avey IgvBi Avbmvix mvnvex‡`i †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib, Zviv
e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺸﻬﺪوا ﻋﻨﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
أﻧﻬﻢ رأوا‬،‫ ﻓﺠﺎء رﻛﺐ ﻣﻦ آﺧﺮ اﻟﻨﻬﺎر‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺻﺒﺤﻨﺎ ﺻﻴﺎﻣﺎ‬،‫ﻏﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻫﻼل ﺷﻮال‬
438.‫اﻟﻐﺪ‬ ‫ وأن ﻳﺨﺮﺟﻮا ﻟﻌﻴﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺮ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
أن ﻳﻔﻄﺮوا ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﻬﻢ‬،‫اﻟﻬﻼل ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺲ‬
ÒGKevi †gNv”QbœZvi Kvi‡Y kvIqv‡ji Puv` †`Lv †M‡jv bv| ZvB c‡ii w`b Avgiv
†ivhv wQjvg| w`e‡mi †klfv‡M GKwU gymvwdi Kv‡djv G‡m ivm~jyjøvn Gi
`iev‡i mv¶¨ w`‡jv, Zviv MZiv‡Z Puv` †`‡L‡Q| ZLb ivm~jyjøvn †mw`b mKj‡K
†ivhv fv½vi Ges c‡ii w`b C`Mv‡n hvIqvi wb‡`©k w`‡jb|Ó 439

GLv‡b nv`x‡mi Ask ‫ﻓﺸﻬﺪوا ﻋﻨﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ أﻧﻬﻢ رأوا اﻟﻬﻼل ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺲ‬
(ivm~jyjøvn Gi `iev‡i mv¶¨ w`‡jv, Zviv MZiv‡Z Puv` †`‡L‡Q) †_‡K †evSv
hvq, H Kv‡djv Puv` †`Lvi mgq g`xbv kixd †_‡K †ewk `~‡i wQ‡jv bv| hw` Zviv
iv‡ZI mdiiZ _v‡K, ZeyI GK †`o w`‡bi `~iZ¡ A_©vr 25-26 gvB‡ji †ewk `~‡i
wQ‡jv bv| †Kbbv H hvgvbvq †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v GZ DbœZ wQ‡jv bv †h Gi †P‡q †ewk
c_ Zviv AwZµg Ki‡Z cv‡i| myZivs G nv`xm †_‡K †evSv †M‡jv, KvQvKvwQ
GjvKvmg~‡n GK RvqvMvq Puv` †`Lv cÖgvwYZ n‡j Ab¨ RvqMvq Zv Aek¨ MÖnYxq|
cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡M D¤§‡Zi mw¤§wjZ Kg©cš’v GiƒcB wQ‡jv|

437 e¶¨gvY cÖeÜ gvIjvbv gynv¤§` Avãyj gv‡jK mv‡ne (`v.ev.) Gi cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
«‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬.‫( ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺟﻴﺪ رﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت رﺟﺎل اﻟﺸﻴﺨﻴﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ أﺑﻲ ﻋﻤﻴﺮ ﺑﻦ أﻧﺲ‬٢٠٥٨٤) «‫ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬438
.‫ وﺣﺴﻦ إﺳﻨﺎدﻩ‬٦٤٩/٤ «‫( واﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬۱٧٥٦) «‫( واﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬۱۱٥۰)
439 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 20584; gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev nv`xm bs 9554; mybv‡b Be‡b gvRvn: nv`xm bs

1653
 mviv we‡k¦ GKB w`‡b C` 219
wfbœ D`q¯’‡j Ae¯’vbKvixi C`
GK AÂj †_‡K Av‡iK AÂj `~ieZ©x n‡j, GK A‡j Puv` †`Lv Ab¨ A‡j Kvh©Ki
n‡e bv| G e¨vcv‡iI nv`x‡mi wKZv‡e ¯úó fvl¨ i‡q‡Q| KzivBe ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ واﺳﺘﻬﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ‬،‫ ﻓﻘﺪﻣﺖ اﻟﺸﺎم ﻓﻘﻀﻴﺖ ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻬﺎ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫أن أم اﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺑﻨﺖ اﻟﺤﺎرث ﺑﻌﺜﺘﻪ إﻟﻰ ﻣﻌﺎوﻳﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎم‬
‫ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺪﻣﺖ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ آﺧﺮ اﻟﺸﻬﺮ‬،‫رﻣﻀﺎن وأﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺎم ﻓﺮأﻳﺖ اﻟﻬﻼل ﻟﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬
‫ أﻧﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬.‫ رأﻳﻨﺎﻩ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬:‫ ﻣﺘﻰ رأﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻬﻼل؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺛﻢ ذﻛﺮ اﻟﻬﻼل‬
‫ ﻓﻼ ﻧﺰال ﻧﺼﻮم ﺣﺘﻰ‬،‫ ﻟﻜﻨﺎ رأﻳﻨﺎﻩ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﺴﺒﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬.‫ ورآﻩ اﻟﻨﺎس وﺻﺎﻣﻮا وﺻﺎم ﻣﻌﺎوﻳﺔ‬،‫ ﻧﻌﻢ‬:‫رأﻳﺘﻪ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬
.
‫ ﻫﻜﺬا أﻣﺮﻧﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻻ‬:‫ َأوﻻ ﺗﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﺮؤﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺎوﻳﺔ وﺻﻴﺎﻣﻪ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬.‫ﻧﻜﻤﻞ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ أو ﻧﺮاﻩ‬
ÒD¤§yj dhj web‡Z nv‡im Zvi †Kv‡bv Kv‡R Avgv‡K kv‡g gyÔAvweqv ivwh. Gi Kv‡Q
cvVvb| Avwg kv‡g †cuŠ‡Q Zvi KvR cyiv Kijvg| B‡Zvg‡a¨ kv‡g ighv‡bi Puv` †`Lv
†Mj| Avwg †mLv‡b Puv` †`‡LwQjvg ïµevi iv‡Z| Zvici gv‡mi †kl w`‡K g`xbvq
wd‡i Gjvg| ZLb nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi mv‡_ mv¶vZ n‡j wZwb Puv` m¤ú‡K©
wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, †Zvgiv †Kv‡bv w`b Puv` †`‡LwQ‡j? Avwg ejjvg, ïµevi iv‡Z|
wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg wb‡R †`‡LQ? Avwg ejjvg, nu¨v, Ges mK‡j †`‡L‡Q| Avi
gyÔAvweqv ivwh.mn mK‡j †ivhv †i‡L‡Q| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, wKš‘ Avgiv g`xbvq
kwbevi iv‡Z Puv` †`‡LwQ| myZivs Avgiv †ivhv‡K Avgv‡`i wnmve Abyhvqx wÎk w`b
c~Y© Kie A_ev bZzb Puv` †`‡L †ivhv Qvoe| Avwg ejjvg, nhiZ gyÔAvweqv ivwh. Gi
Puv` †`Lv I †ivhv ivLvI wK Puv` cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ Avcbvi wbKU h‡_ó g‡b nq bv? wZwb
ej‡jb- bv| Avgv‡`i‡K ivm~jyjøvn GiƒcB Av‡`k K‡i‡Qb|Ó440
GLv‡b D‡jøL‡hvM¨ welq n‡”Q, g`xbv kixd I kv‡gi gvSLv‡b ¯’jc‡_ `~iZ¡ n‡jv
1928 wK‡jvwgUvi| myZivs kvg g`xbv †_‡K A‡bK `~ieZ©x †`k| GLb K_v n‡jv
KzivBe ivn. GKRb wQKvn (wbf©i‡hvM¨) Zv‡eÔqx| wZwb hLb nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm
ivwh. †K Zvi wb‡Ri Puv` †`Lv I gyÔAvweqv ivwh. Gi Puv` †`Lvi Lei w`‡jb, ZLb
Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Zvi G mv¶¨ Keyj Ki‡jb bv| A_P wZwb ivm~jyjøvn Gi GB
mnxn nv`xmI Rvb‡Zb, ‫†( ﺻﻮﻣﻮا ﻟﺮؤﻳﺘﻪ وأﻓﻄﺮوا ﻟﺮؤﻳﺘﻪ‬Zvgiv Puv` †`‡L †ivhv ivL Ges Puv`
†`‡L †ivhv Qvo)| KviY wZwb GK_vI Rvb‡Zb, ivm~jyjøvn Gi GB nv`xm
wbKUeZ©x AÂj¸‡jvi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨| `~ieZ©x AÂj¸‡jvi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| GB Rb¨
wZwb e‡j‡Qb-
.
‫ﻫﻜﺬا أﻣﺮﻧﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Avgv‡`i GiƒcB ûKzg K‡i‡Qb|Ó

440 mnxn gymwjg: 1/348, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`; gymbv‡` Avng`: 5/10, nv`xm bs 2789, gyAvm&mvmvZzi
wimvjvn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
220 `imyj wdK&n
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K G welqwU ¯úó n‡q‡Q †h, KvQvKvwQ GK A‡ji Puv` †`Lv
Ab¨ A‡j Kvh©Ki n‡e| `~ieZ©x AÂj¸‡jvi †Kv‡bv A‡j Puv` †`Lv †M‡j Zvi
ûKzg Ab¨ A‡ji Rb¨ Acwinvh© bq| AšÍZ mvnvev hyM ch©šÍ G e¨vcv‡i wfbœ †Kv‡bv
gZ cvIqv hvq bv|
nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi m‡½ KzivBe ivn. Gi NUbv N‡UwQj Avgxiæj gywgbxb
nhiZ gyÔAvweqv ivwh. Gi kvmbKv‡j| ZLb Bmjvgx mvgªvR¨ eû`~i ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z
n‡qwQj| wKš‘ mgMÖ gymwjg mvgªv‡R¨ GK w`‡b †ivhv ivLv I C` cvj‡bi e¨vcv‡i
ivóªxq †Kv‡bv e¨e¯’vcbv †Zv `~‡ii K_v, G e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv mvnvev †_‡K GKUv e³e¨I
nv`xm, mxivZwU BwZnv‡mi wKZv‡e cvIqv hvq bv| A_P Øxb I kixÔAvZ cvj‡b
mvnvev‡q †Kivg mvg‡_©¨i meUzKz wewj‡q w`‡Zb| mviv c„w_ex‡Z GK w`‡b †ivhv ivLv
I GK w`‡b C` cvjb hw` kixÔAv‡Zi Kvg¨ nZ, Zvn‡j mvnvev‡q †Kivg AšÍZ Zv‡`i
mv‡a¨i meUzKz †Póv e¨q K‡i †m e¨e¯’v Ki‡Zb| AšÍZ hZUzKz A‡j m¤¢e| A_P
GK A‡ji Puv` †`Lvi Lei Ab¨ A‡j mieivn Kivi wKsev GK AÂj †_‡K Ab¨
A‡j Puv` †`Lvi Rb¨ cÖwZwbwa cvVv‡bvi gZ ivóªxq †Kv‡bv e¨e¯’vi bhxi nv`xm,
mxivZ ev BwZnv‡mi wKZv‡e cvIqv hvq bv|
mvnvev hy‡Mi ci Zv‡eÔqx hy‡Mi Ae¯’v GgbB wQ‡jv| Zuviv BL‡Zjv‡d gvZv‡j
(‫ اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬: D`q¯’‡ji wewfbœZv) we‡ePbv K‡i GK A‡ji Puv` †`Lv Aci
A‡ji Rb¨ Kvh©Ki g‡b Ki‡Zb bv| AKvU¨fv‡e Gi wecixZ †Kv‡bv gZ cvIqv hvq
bv| G e¨vcv‡i Zv‡eÔqx‡`i gvhnve bKj K‡i Bgvg Beby Avwãj evi ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ واﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫ وﺑﻪ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬.‫ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﻮم رؤﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬:‫وروي ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ وﻃﺎﺋﻔﺔ‬،‫ وإﺳﺤﺎق ﺑﻦ راﻫﻮﻳﻪ‬،‫ وإﻟﻴﻪ ذﻫﺐ اﺑﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﺎرك‬،‫وﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
ÒnhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. e‡jb, cÖ‡Z¨K m¤úª`v‡qi Rb¨ wb‡R‡`i Puv` †`LvB aZ©e¨
n‡e| GwU BKwigv, Kv‡mg Be‡b gynv¤§` I mv‡jg Be‡b Avãyjøvnivn. Gi e³e¨|
Avi Bebyj gyeviK, BmnvK Be‡b ivûqvnmn GKwU RvgvÔAv‡Zi gZI GwU|Ó441
Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. Zvi Rv‡g MÖ‡š’ AvnKv‡gi nv`xm D‡jøLc~e©K mswkøó wel‡q mvnvev,
Zv‡eÔC‡bi gvhnv‡ei mv‡_ mv‡_ Pvi Bgvg, mywdqvb mvIix I BmnvK Be‡b ivûqvn
cÖgyL Bgvg‡`i gvhnve we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i _v‡Kb| wZwb Zvi Rv‡g MÖ‡š’ Be‡b
AveŸvm ivwh. Gi nv`xmwU ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻟﻜﻞ أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪ رؤﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬wk‡ivbv‡gi Aax‡b D‡jøL
K‡i‡Qb| nv`xmwU eY©bv †k‡l wZwb e‡j‡Qb-
‫ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻨﺪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ أن ﻟﻜﻞ أﻫﻞ‬.‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‬
.‫ﺑﻠﺪ رؤﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬

441 Avj BmwZhKvi: 3/282, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

 mviv we‡k¦ GKB w`‡b C` 221
ÒBe‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi nv`xmwU nvmvb, mnxn, Mvixe| Avi Gi DciB Avn‡j
Bj‡gi Avgj P‡j Avm‡Q †h, cÖ‡Z¨K A‡ji †jvK‡`i Rb¨ Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Puv`
†`LvB aZ©e¨|Ó442 G †_‡K †evSv hv‡”Q ÔBL‡Zjv‡d gvZv‡jÕ (‫اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬:
D`q¯’‡ji wewfbœZv) we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e, G wel‡q Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. Gi g‡Z mvnvev,
Zv‡eCb I Pvi gvhnv‡ei Bgvg‡`i gv‡S †Kv‡bv BLwZjvd †bB|
nvbvdx BgvgM‡Yi gšÍe¨
nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cieZ©x Bgvg‡`i gZI GUvB wQ‡jv †h, `~ieZ©x A‡ji GK
A‡ji Puv` †`Lv Ab¨ A‡ji Rb¨ Acwinvh© bq| Z‡e GK AÂj hw` Ab¨ A‡ji
GZ KvQvKvwQ nq †h, Df‡qi D`q¯’j (‫ )ﻣﻄﻠﻊ‬GK, Zvn‡j GK A‡ji Puv` †`Lv
Aci A‡ji Rb¨ Acwinvh© n‡e|
G e¨vcv‡i nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei weL¨vZ K‡qKRb Bgv‡gi e³e¨ wb‡gœ †ck Kiv n‡jv|
1. Bgvg Aveyj ûmvBb Avj Kz`~ix ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا‬،‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻻ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻟﺰم ﺣﻜﻢ أﻫﻞ إﺣﺪى اﻟﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪة اﻷﺧﺮى‬
.‫ﻛﺎن ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﺰم ﺣﻜﻢ إﺣﺪى اﻟﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪة اﻷﺧﺮى‬
Òhw` `yB †`‡ki gv‡S `~iZ¡ GZUzKz _v‡K †h, Df‡qi D`q¯’j (‫ )ﻣﻄﻠﻊ‬Awfbœ, Zvn‡j
GK A‡ji Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨ Aci A‡ji Puv‡`i ûKzg Acwinvh©fv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|
c¶všÍ‡i hw` Dfq †`‡ki gv‡Si `~iZ¡ GZ †ewk nq †h, Df‡qi D`q¯’j wfbœ, Zvn‡j
GK A‡ji Puv‡`i ûKzg Aci A‡ji Rb¨ Acwinvh© bq|Ó443
2. dKxn Avãyi ikx` Avj IqvjIqvwjhx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎم‬،‫ وأﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة ﺻﺎﻣﻮا ﺗﺴﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ‬،‫وﻟﻮ أن أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة ﺻﺎﻣﻮا ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬
‫ وﻫﺬا‬،‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻗﻀﺎء ﻳﻮم؛ ﻷن اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺻﺎﻣﻮا ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ رأوا ﻫﻼل رﻣﻀﺎن ﻗﺒﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬،‫ﺗﺴﻌﺎ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰم أﺣﺪ اﻟﻠﺒﺪﻳﻦ ﺣﻜﻢ‬،‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬
.‫اﻵﺧﺮ‬
Ò‡Kvb A‡ji Awaevmxiv hw` ighv‡bi Puv` †`‡L wÎk †ivhv iv‡L, Avi Av‡iK
A‡ji Awaevmxiv ighv‡bi Puv` †`‡L DbwÎk †ivhv iv‡L, Gici hviv DbwÎk †ivhv
†i‡L‡Q Zviv wÎk †ivhv cvjbKvix‡`i m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j Zv‡`i Dci GKwU
†ivhv Kvhv Kiv IqvwRe| †Kbbv hviv wÎk †ivhv †i‡L‡Q Zviv ighv‡bi Puv` GK w`b
Av‡M †`‡L‡Q| GB weavb ZLb cÖ‡hvR¨, hLb Dfq A‡ji gv‡S `~iZ¡ GZUzKz nq
†h, Df‡qi D`qvPj GK I Awfbœ| c¶všÍ‡i hw` Df‡qi D`qvPj wfbœ wfbœ nq,
442 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 1/148, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
443 dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 3/365 gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; ZvnKxK- kve¶xi Avng` Kv‡mgx
222 `imyj wdK&n
Zvn‡j GK A‡ji Puv‡`i ûKzg Aci A‡ji Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨ Acwinvh© bq|Ó444
3. Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻠﺰم أﺣﺪ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻌﻴﺪة‬،‫ﻫﺬا إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ أﻫﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻠﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬،‫ ﻷن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻊ اﻟﺒﻼد ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻔﺎﺣﺸﺔ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬،‫اﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﺣﻜﻢ اﻵﺧﺮ‬
. ‫ﺑﻠﺪﻫﻢ دون اﻟﺒﻠﺪ اﻵﺧﺮ‬
ÒGB weavb (GK A‡ji Puv` †`Lv Ab¨ A‡ji Rb¨ Acwinvh© n‡e) ZLbB hLb
Dfq AÂj Ggb KvQvKvwQ n‡e †h, Df‡qi D`qvPj GK I Awfbœ| c¶všÍ‡i GK
AÂj Aci AÂj †_‡K hw` `~‡i nq, Zvn‡j GK A‡ji Puv‡`i weavb Aci A‡ji
Rb¨ Acwinvh© bq| †Kbbv A‡bK `~iZ¡ n‡j GK A‡ji D`qvPj Aci AÂj †_‡K
wfbœ n‡q _v‡K| ZvB cÖ‡Z¨K A‡ji †¶‡Î †m A‡ji D`qvPj we‡ePbv Kiv n‡e
(A_©vr †m A‡j Puv` †`Lv †M‡j †ivhv ev C‡`i weavb mve¨¯Í n‡e, Ab¨_vq bq)|Ó445
4. RwniæÏxb Avey eKi gynv¤§` Be‡b Avngv` Avj eyLvix ivn. Gi e³e¨-
‫ ﻓﺠﺎء ﻳﻮم اﻟﻌﻴﺪ إﻻ أن‬،‫ إن ﻟﻢ أﻗﺾ ﺣﻘﻚ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻓﻜﺬا‬:‫وﺳﺌﻞ اﻷوزﺟﻨﺪي ﻋﻤﻦ ﻗﺎل ﻟﺼﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ وﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﻠﺪة أﺧﺮى ﺟﻌﻠﻪ‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺻﻼة اﻟﻌﻴﺪ ﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻻح ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬، ‫ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺒﻠﺪة ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﻋﻴﺪا‬
‫ إذا ﺣﻜﻢ ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﻠﺪة ﺑﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻴﺪا ﻳﻠﺰم ذﻟﻚ أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة أﺧﺮى إذا ﻟﻢ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬.‫ﻋﻴﺪا‬
.‫ اﻫـ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻈﻬﻴﺮﻳﺔ‬...‫اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﻀﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
Òhnxwiq¨vni †jLK RwniæÏxb Avj eyLvix ivn. e‡jb, DhvRv›`x‡K wR‡Ám Kiv n‡jv,
†KD Zvi FY`vZv‡K ej‡jv, C‡`i w`b †Zvgvi FY Av`vq bv Ki‡j GB n‡e (†Kv‡bv
Kmg Ki‡jv)| GLb Ggb n‡jv †h, C‡`i w`b n‡jv; wKš‘ †m †h kn‡ii Awaevmx
†mLvbKvi Kvhx ¯úó †Kv‡bv `jx‡ji wfwˇZ †m w`b C` bv Kivi wm×všÍ w`‡jv Ges
C‡`i bvgvh co‡jv bv| c¶všÍ‡i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kn‡ii Kvhx †m w`b C‡`i w`b avh©
Ki‡jv| (Zvn‡j †Kv‡bv w`b C‡`i w`b MY¨ n‡e Ges G †jv‡Ki Km‡gi Kx n‡e?)
DhvRv›`x ivn. Dˇi ej‡jb, `yB kn‡ii D`q¯’j hw` Awfbœ nq, Zvn‡j GK kn‡ii
Kvhxi †NvlYv Ab¨ kn‡ii Rb¨I Aek¨ AbymiYxq n‡e| ighvb ïiæi †NvlYvi †¶‡ÎI
G gvmAvjv|Ó446
5. Bgvg dLiæÏxb hvBjvÔqx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷن ﻛﻞ ﻗﻮم ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﻮن ﺑﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ واﻧﻔﺼﺎل اﻟﻬﻼل ﻋﻦ ﺷﻌﺎع اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼف‬،‫واﻷﺷﺒﻪ أن ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬
‫اﻷﻗﻄﺎر ﻛﻤﺎ أن دﺧﻮل اﻟﻮﻗﺖ وﺧﺮوﺟﻪ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼف اﻷﻗﻄﺎر ﺣﺘﻰ إذا زاﻟﺖ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﺮق ﻻ‬

444 Avj dvZvIqvj IqvjIqvwjwhq¨vn: 1/236, gvKZvev `viæj Cgvb, mvnvivbcyi

445 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/224-225, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
446 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 4/615, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 mviv we‡k¦ GKB w`‡b C` 223
‫ ﺑﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺗﺤﺮﻛﺖ اﻟﺸﻤﺲ درﺟﺔ ﻓﺘﻠﻚ‬،‫ وﻛﺬا ﻃﻠﻮع اﻟﻔﺠﺮ وﻏﺮوب اﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬،‫ﻳﻠﺰم ﻣﻨﻪ أن ﺗﺰول ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻐﺮب‬
.‫ﻃﻠﻮع ﻓﺠﺮ ﻟﻘﻮم وﻃﻠﻮع ﺷﻤﺲ ﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻏﺮوب ﻟﺒﻌﺾ وﻧﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻞ ﻟﻐﻴﺮﻫﻢ‬
Òme‡P‡q mvgÄm¨c~Y© gZ n‡jv, Puv‡`i D`q¯’‡ji wfbœZv kixÔAv‡Z MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e|
†Kbbv cÖ‡Z¨K m¤cÖ`vq †Kv‡bv ûKzg cvj‡b H mgq Avw`ó n‡e hLb H ûKz‡gi
ÔmveveÕ ev KviY Zv‡`i g‡a¨ cvIqv hv‡e (A_©vr A‡b¨i gv‡S cvIqv †M‡j †m ûKzg
Zv‡`i Rb¨ Acwinvh© bq)| m~‡h©i wKiY †_‡K Puv‡`i c„_K nIqvi †¶‡Î AÂj †f‡`
e¨eavb nq| †hgwbfv‡e bvgv‡hi Iqv³mg~n wfbœ wfbœ ¯’v‡b wewfbœ mg‡q nq| myZivs
gvkwi‡K (c~e©v‡j) hLb m~h© X‡j c‡o, ZLb gvMwi‡e (cwðgv‡j) m~h© X‡j cov
Acwinvh© n‡q hvq bv| Ggwbfv‡e m~h© D`q I m~h© A‡¯Íi mgqUvI GgbB| eis m~h©
hLb GK wWwMÖ b‡o, ZLb nq‡Zv †Kv_vI dR‡ii Iqv³, wVK H mg‡q Ab¨ RvqMvq
m~h© D`‡qi Iqv³, †Kv_vI m~h©v‡¯Íi mgq| Avevi †Kv_vI Aa©ivwÎ|Ó447
A‡b‡KB G K_v e‡j _v‡Kb †h, ÔBL‡Zjv‡d gvZv‡jÕ Gi BÔ‡Zevi (we‡ePbv) nvbvdx
gvhnv‡e ïaygvÎ AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. I dLiæÏxb hvBjvÔqx ivn.-B K‡i‡Qb| Avi
cieZ©x †KD †KD Zuv‡`i Abymi‡Y G K_v e‡j‡Qb|
Avgv‡`i c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbvq Zv‡`i G K_vi `ye©jZv my¯úófv‡e cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| KviY
Kvmvbx ivn. I hvBjvÔqx ivn. Gi Av‡MI A‡bK Bgvg I dKxn G K_v e‡j †M‡Qb|
Zvu‡`i gvÎ K‡qKR‡bi D×…wZ Avgiv †ck K‡iwQ| GQvov GUvB †h wQ‡jv mvnvev,
Zv‡eCb I cieZ©x‡`i Avgj, ZvI Avgiv c~‡e© D‡jøL K‡iwQ|
Dcgnv‡`‡ki nvbvdx Av‡jg‡`i gšÍe¨
Gevi Avgiv G e¨vcv‡i Dcgnv‡`‡ki nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei weL¨vZ K‡qKRb dKxni
e³e¨ †ck Ki‡ev|
1. kvn& IqvjxDjøvn †`njfx ivn. (1176wn.) e‡jb, Ôhw` †Kv‡bv kni †_‡K Puv` †`Lv
hvq Avi Ab¨ kn‡i AbymÜvb K‡iI Puv` †`Lv bv hvq, Avi `yB kni KvQvKvwQ nq,
Zvn‡j GK kn‡ii Puv` †`Lv Aci kn‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e| Avi hw` GK kni Aci
kni †_‡K `~‡i nq, Zvn‡j GK kn‡ii Puv` †`Lv Aci kn‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv|
GB gvmAvjv mve¨¯Í nq nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi nv`xm Øviv| ZvQvov C`yj
wdZi, nR¡ BZ¨vw` †h mKj gvmAvjv nv`x‡m ¯úó D‡jøL Av‡Q †m¸‡jvi Dci
wKqv‡mi `vweI GUvB|Õ448
2. Av‡bvqvi kvn& Kvk¥xix ivn. (1352wn.) e‡jb-
ÒG‡¶‡Î Bgvg hvqjvqx ivn. Gi gZ †g‡b †bqv e¨ZxZ †Kv‡bv Dcvq †bB| Ab¨_vq
†Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv A‡j C` KL‡bv ighv‡bi 27/28 ev 31/32 Zvwi‡L n‡q hv‡e, hLb
447 ZveCbyj nvKv‡qK: 2/165 GBP. Gg. mvC`, cvwK¯Ívb
448 Avj gymvddv kiûj gyAvËv: 1/237
224 `imyj wdK&n
`yB †`‡ki `~iZ¡ n‡e A‡bK †ewk| †hgb wn›`y¯Ívb I B¯Ív¤^yj| KviY KL‡bv B¯Ív¤^y‡j
`yB w`b Av‡MB Puv` †`Lv hv‡e| AZtci wn›`y¯Ív‡b hLb B¯Ív¤^y‡j Puv` †`Lvi `yB w`b
c‡i Puv` †`Lv hv‡e, Gici Zv‡`i Puv` †`Lvi Lei Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q †cuŠQ‡e, GLb hw`
Zv‡`i †`‡ki Puv` Avgv‡`i Dci Acwinvh© K‡i †`qv nq, Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i C` Av‡M
Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avwg hvqjvqx ivn. Gi gZ‡KB AKvU¨fv‡e MÖnY K‡iwQ|449
3. kveŸxi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn. (1369wn.) Gi e³e¨-
wZwb mnxn gymwj‡gi e¨vL¨vMÖš’ ÔdvZûj gyjwn‡gÕ G wel‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡mi `vjxwjK
Av‡jvPbvi ci gReyZ †hŠw³K Av‡jvPbvI †ck K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔKziAvb-
nv`x‡mi AKvU¨ fvl¨ I mgMÖ gymwjg D¤§vni me©m¤§wZ‡Z G K_v AKvU¨fv‡e cÖgvwbZ
†h, wnRix m‡bi gvm me©wbgœ 29 w`‡bi I m‡e©v”P 30 w`‡bi nq| Avi ÔBL‡Zjv‡d
gvZv‡jÕ Gi we‡ePbv bv Ki‡j GB AKvU¨ weavb j•Nb Kiv Avek¨K n‡q c‡o|Õ450
4. gydZx kdx ivn. (1396wn.) Gi e³e¨-
wZwb Puv` †`Lv msµvšÍ GKwU ¯^Zš¿ wKZve iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡Z wZwb Avjøvgv
Av‡bvqvi kvn Kvk¥xix ivn. I kveŸxi Avngv` Dmgvbx ivn. Gi gZ Av‡jvPbvi ci
e‡jb, hw` K‡qKwU †`‡ki g‡a¨ `~iZ¡ GZ †ewk nq †h, GK †`‡ki ZvwiL Av‡iK
†`‡ki †_‡K wfbœ nq, ZLb ÔBL‡Zjv‡d gvZv‡jÕ Gi BÔ‡Zevi KivB Avek¨K| Avi
GUvB nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei g~j avivi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨kxj| Avgvi D¯Ívh‡`i Abymi‡Y GUvB
Avgvi gZ|451
5. mvB‡q` gynv¤§` BDmyd evb~ix ivn. (1397wn.) Gi gZ-
wZwb Rv‡g wZiwghxi e¨vL¨vMÖš’ gvÔAvwidzm mybv‡b G wel‡q `xN© Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb|
Ges ÔBL‡Zjv‡d gvZv‡jÕ Gi we‡ePbv Kivi gZwU‡K my`p„ fv‡e mve¨¯Í K‡i‡Qb|452
Rvwniæi †iIqv‡qZ: GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv
hviv GKB w`‡b mgMÖ gymwjg we‡k¦ †ivhv I C` cvj‡bi Acwinvh©Zvi K_v e‡jb
Zv‡`i `jxj n‡jv Amvo wKQz hyw³gvÎ| Avi nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei GKUv ÔKIjÕ hv
Rv‡nix †iIqv‡qZ wn‡m‡e cÖwm×| eZ©gv‡b GUv‡KB Zviv me‡P‡q kw³kvjx nvwZqvi
wn‡m‡e e¨envi Ki‡Qb| ZvB GLb Avgiv cÖ_‡g GB ÔKIjÕwU m¤ú‡K© ms‡¶‡c wKQz
K_v AviR Ki‡ev| Rvwniæi †iIqv‡qZ wn‡m‡e cÖwm× Dw³wU n‡jv-

449 gvÔAvwidzm mybvb: 5/337, GBP. Gg mvC`, cvwK¯Ívb; Avj Avidzk kvhx: 149, Avkivdx eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`
450 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/481-482, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
451 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 3/483, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
452 gvÔAvwidzm mybvb: 5/337-340; 351-354, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 mviv we‡k¦ GKB w`‡b C` 225
.‫ ﻳﺠﺐ اﻟﺼﻮم ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻞ ﻣﺸﺮق‬،‫ ﻟﻮ رأى أﻫﻞ ﻣﻐﺮب ﻫﻼل رﻣﻀﺎن‬...‫ﻻ ﻋﺒﺮة ﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬
ÒD`q¯’‡ji wewfbœZv aZ©e¨ bq, Ges cwð‡gi Puv` c~‡e©i Rb¨I Aek¨ MÖnYxq|Ó453
GB Dw³wU m¤ú‡K© gvIjvbv gynv¤§` Avãyj gv‡jK `v.ev. Gi ZvnKx‡Ki Askwe‡kl
GLv‡b Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
1. AbymÜv‡b hÏ~i Rvbv †M‡Q, GB g~jbxwZag©x evK¨Uv nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Rvwniæi
†iIqvqvB I bvw`iæi †iIqvqvB †Kv_vI †bB Ges Zv gvhnv‡ei cÖ_g wZb Bgv‡gi
Kv‡iv †_‡KB ewY©Z bq| G K_v me©cÖ_g (AvjøvnB fvj Rv‡bb) Avjøvgv Zv‡ni Be‡b
Avng` Be‡b Avãyi ikx` AvjeyLvix ivn. Gi wKZve ÔLyjvmvZzj dvZvIqvÕ †_‡K ïiæ
n‡q‡Q| ILvb †_‡K Avjøvgv nvmvb web gvbm~i KvhxLvb ivn.454 Zuvi ÔdvZvIqvÕq
wb‡q‡Qb (hv Lvwbqv bv‡g cÖwm×)| Gici G `yÕR‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i c‡ii A‡bK
gymvwbœd G K_v wj‡L‡Qb| †KD Zv‡`i eivZ w`‡q‡Qb, †KD †`bwb| Gfv‡eB K_vwU
gkûi n‡q †M‡Q| Dc‡ii wKZvemg~n Ly‡j Ges mivmwi ÔRvwniæi †iIqvqvnÕi Qq
wKZve †`‡L eivZ cix¶v Kivi my‡hvM nqwb ev Zvi cÖ‡qvRb †eva K‡ibwb| †gvUK_v,
G GK ÔZvmvg~nÕ (åg)| cÖKZ … Ae¯’v Rvbvi ci G‡K eywbqv` evbv‡bv gybvwme bq|
ÔLyjvmvZzj dvZvIqvÕi Aviex cvV GB-
‫ وﻻ‬،‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻗﻀﺎء ﻳﻮم‬،‫ وأﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة أﺧﺮى ﺗﺴﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﺻﺎم أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ‬
‫ وﺑﻪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻔﺘﻲ ﺷﻤﺲ اﻷﺋﻤﺔ‬،‫ وﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﻮى اﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ أﺑﻲ اﻟﻠﻴﺚ‬،‫ﻋﺒﺮة ﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ‬
‫ اﻋﺘﺒﺮ‬:‫ وﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﻟﻮ رأى أﻫﻞ اﻟﻤﻐﺮب ﻫﻼل رﻣﻀﺎن ﻳﺠﺐ اﻟﺼﻮم ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺮق‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮاﻧﻲ‬
.‫اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬
Ò‡Kvb kn‡ii AwaevmxMY hw` Puv` †`‡L wÎkw`b †ivhv iv‡L Avi Aci kn‡ii
AwaevmxMY Puv` †`‡L DbwÎk w`b †ivhv iv‡L, Zvn‡j Zv‡`i‡K GKwU †ivhv Kvhv
Ki‡Z n‡e, Avi Puv‡`i D`q¯’‡ji wfbœZv aZ©e¨ bq, Rvwniæi †iIqvqvn Abymv‡i| Gi
DciB dKxn Aveyj jvB‡Qi dvZIqv| Avi GB dvZIqvB w`‡Zb kvgmyj AvB¤§v
nvjIqvbx ivn.| wZwb e‡jb, cwð‡gi AwaevmxMY hw` ighv‡bi Puv` †`‡L, Zvn‡j
c~‡e©i Awaevmx‡`i Dci †ivhv IqvwRe nq| Avi ZvRix‡` Av‡Q, D`q¯’‡ji wewfbœZv

453 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/261, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

454 nvmvb Be‡b gvbm~i Be‡b gvng~` Be‡b Avãyj Avhxh dLiæÏxb KvhxLvb ivn.| RnxiæÏxb nvmvb Be‡b Avjx Avj
gviMxbvbx I gvngy` Be‡b Avãyj Avhxh DhvRv›`x ivn. cÖgyL Zuvi D¯Ívh wQ‡jb| Zuvi Qv·`i g‡a¨ RvgvjyÏxb
Aveyj gvnvwg` gvngy` nvmxix I kvgmyj AvB¤§v gynv¤§` Kvi`vix ivn. Ab¨Zg| wZwb †n`vqvi †jLK gviMxbvbx ivn.
Gi mgeqmx wQ‡jb| Zvi weL¨vZ iPbvejxi g‡a¨ kiûh whqv`vZ, kiû Rvwgwqm mMxi I kiû Av`vwej Kvhv wjj
Lm&mvd we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨| wZwb 592 wnRixi 15B ighvb †mvgevi iv‡Z B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| :‫ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎﺳﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻗﻄﻠﻮﺑﻐﺎ‬
‫ |ﻣﺎ ﻳﺼﺤﺤﻪ ﻗﺎﺿﻴﺨﺎن ﻣﻘﺪم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻓﻘﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬-nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 1/280; Avj dvIqv‡q`yj evwnq¨v: 64-
65
226 `imyj wdK&n
aZ©e¨ n‡e|Ó455
Avi Lvwbqvq Gfv‡e †jLv n‡q‡Q-
‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺎم ﺗﺴﻌﺔ‬،‫ وأﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة أﺧﺮى ﺗﺴﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﺻﺎم أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ‬
‫ وﻛﺬا ذﻛﺮ ﺷﻤﺲ اﻷﺋﻤﺔ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻋﺒﺮة ﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ‬،‫وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻗﻀﺎء ﻳﻮم‬
.‫اﻟﺤﻠﻮاﻧﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
2. GLb †`Lvi welq GB †h, nvbvdx Bgvg‡`i †_‡K ewY©Z gvmAvjvwU Kx, hv †_‡K
cieZ©xiv GB gvmAvjv †ei K‡i‡Qb †h, D`q¯’‡ji wfbœZvi †Kv‡bv BÔwZevi †bB|
†Zv H gvmAvjv †mwUB hv Lvwbqv I Lyjvmv Dfq wKZv‡e D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gvmAvjvwU nvwKg knx` ivn. Gi ÔAvjgybZvKvÕ Gi eiv‡Z ÔAvjgynxZzj eyinvbxÕ‡Z
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| ÔAvjgybZvKvÕi welqe¯‘ n‡”Q ÔRvwniæi †iIqvqvnÕi evB‡ii gvmvBj,
hv wZwb bvIqvw`i I Avgvjx †_‡K Rgv K‡i‡Qb|
Avi ÔRvwniæi †iIqvqvnÕi gvmvBj wZwb msKjb K‡i‡Qb ÔAvjgyLZvmviæj KvdxÕ‡Z|
AvjgynxZzj eyinvbxi BeviZ GB-
‫ ﻻ‬:‫ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬،‫أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة إذا رأوا اﻟﻬﻼل ﻫﻞ ﻳﻠﺰم ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة أﺧﺮى؟ اﺧﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻳﺦ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
.‫ وﺑﻨﺤﻮﻩ ورد اﻷﺛﺮ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬،‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻖ ﻛﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة رؤﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬،‫ﻳﻠﺰم ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ وﺻﺎم أﻫﻞ‬،‫ إذا ﺻﺎم أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة ﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ‬:‫ وإﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﺸﺮ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬:‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻘﻰ‬
.‫ﺑﻠﺪة ﺗﺴﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻠﺮؤﻳﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻗﻀﺎء ﻳﻮم‬
،‫ ﻟﺰم إﺣﺪى اﻟﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﺒﻠﺪة اﻷﺧﺮى‬،‫ إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻻ ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬:‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﺪوري‬
.‫ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻠﺰم ﺣﻜﻢ إﺣﺪى اﻟﺒﻠﺪﺗﻴﻦ ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﺒﻠﺪة اﻷﺧﺮى‬
‫ أن اﻟﺨﺒﺮ إذا اﺳﺘﻔﺎض وﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬:‫ أن اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻨﺎ رﺣﻤﻬﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫وذﻛﺮ ﺷﻤﺲ اﻷﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻠﻮاﻧﻲ‬
.‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺒﻠﺪة اﻷﺧﺮى ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻬﻢ ﺣﻜﻢ أﻫﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺒﻠﺪة‬
Ò‡Kvb kn‡ii Awaevmxiv Puv` †`L‡jv, G †`Lv wK Ab¨ kn‡ii Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨I
Aek¨ AbymiYxq? G wel‡q gvkvB‡Li BLwZjvd Av‡Q| †KD e‡jb, Aek¨ AbymiYxq
bq| cÖ‡Z¨K kn‡ii Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨ ïay Zv‡`i Puv` †`LvB aZ©e¨| G A‡_© Avãyjøvn
Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi m~‡Î ÔAvQviÕ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| AvjgybZvKvq Av‡Q, weki Avey
BDmyd ivn. †_‡K Ges Beivnxg gynv¤§` ivn. †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, hLb †Kv‡bv
kn‡ii Awaevmx Puv` †`‡L wÎkwU †ivhv iv‡L Avi Ab¨ kn‡ii †jv‡Kiv Puv` †`‡L
DbwÎkwU †ivhv iv‡L Zvn‡j G‡`i GK w`‡bi †ivhv Kvhv Kiv Riæix|
Kz`yix‡Z Av‡Q: hLb `yB kn‡ii gv‡S `~iZ¡ G cwigvY bv nq, hØviv Zv‡`i D`q¯’j

455 LyjvmvZzj dvZvIqv: 1/249

 mviv we‡k¦ GKB w`‡b C` 227
Avjv`v n‡q hvq ZLb GK kn‡ii weavb Ab¨ kn‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e| c¶všÍ‡i
`~iZ¡ hw` Ggb nq †h, `yB kn‡ii D`q¯’j Avjv`v n‡q hvq Zvn‡j G‡Ki weavb
A‡b¨i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv|
kvgmyj AvB¤§v nvjIqvbx ivn. D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb, Avgv‡`i Avmnv‡ei (dKxnM‡Yi)
gvhnv‡e mwVK K_v GB †h, (GK kn‡ii msev`) hw` Ôgy¯ÍvwdRÕ (Pvi w`K †_‡K
e¨vcKfv‡e Avmv Lei) n‡q hvq Ges Ab¨ kn‡ii Awaevmx‡`i Kv‡Q Zv cÖgvwYZ nq,
ZLb Zv‡`i Rb¨ H kn‡ii weavb cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|Ó456
Dc‡ii Bevi‡Z wKš‘ ‫ ﻻ ﻋﺒﺮة ﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﻊ‬G evK¨wU Rvwniæi †iIqvqvB ev bvw`iæi
†iIqvqvBi eiv‡Z DwjøwLZ nqwb| eis ïay ÔgybZvKvÕ Gi eiv‡Z Avey BDmyd I
gynv¤§` ivn. †_‡K GKwU gvmAvjv (DbwÎk †ivhv Av`vqKvix‡`i GK †ivhv Kvhv Kivi
weavb) ewY©Z n‡q‡Q gvÎ| Avi Avgiv Av‡MB e‡jwQ, ÔgybZvKvÕ wKZv‡ei welqe¯‘
n‡”Q ÔRvwniæi †iIqvqvnÕi evB‡ii gvmvBj, hv wZwb bvIqvw`i I Avgvjx †_‡K Rgv
K‡i‡Qb|
3. Avi G gvmAvjv‡K nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei AwaKvsk eo eo dKxn ïay KvQvKvwQ AÂj
mg~‡ni †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ g‡b K‡ib| `~i `~iv‡šÍi kni-bM‡ii †¶‡Î Zviv G gvmAvjv
cÖ‡hvR¨ g‡b K‡ib bv| G wel‡qi A‡bK D×…wZ c~‡e© ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|457

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
13 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

456 Avj gynxZzj eyinvbx: 3/341-342, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
457 gvwmK Avj-KvDmvi: msL¨v- †m‡Þ¤^i I A‡±vei 2013 C.
228

†ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb, Bb‡njvi, G‡ÛvmKwc I i³ †`qv-†bqv

gvIjvbv gywneŸjøvn †gv‡gbkvnx
mywPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvR‡b A‡bK mgq †ivhv Ae¯’vqI Ggb wPwKrmv MÖnY Ki‡Z nq, hv‡Z
†ivhv †f‡½ hvIqvi m‡›`n nq| †hgb- i³ †`qv-†bqv, Bb‡RKkb MÖnY Kiv,
G‡ÛvmKwc Kiv, nvcvbx †ivMx‡`i Bb‡njvi e¨envi Kiv BZ¨vw`|
Dc‡ivwjøwLZ wPwKrmv c×wZ¸‡jvi A‡bKUv †h‡nZz AvaywbK wPwKrmv weÁv‡bi mydj
ZvB c~e©eZ©x dKxnM‡Yi wKZve¸‡jv‡Z G ai‡bi gvmAvjvi my¯úó mgvavb cvIqv bv
†M‡jI cieZ©x hy‡Mi dKxnMY KziAvb-nv`xm I wdK‡ni †gŠwjK bxwZgvjvi Av‡jv‡K
G ai‡bi gvmAvjvi kiÔqx mgvavb †ck K‡i‡Qb| eÿgvb cÖe‡Ü Avgiv †ivhve¯’vq
DwjøwLZ wPwKrmv c×wZi kiÔqx ûKzg AvnKvg Zz‡j aivi cÖqvm Pvjv‡ev BbkvAvjøvn|
g~j Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© †ivhvi msÁv I †ivhv f‡½i g~jbxwZ †R‡b wb‡j g~j Av‡jvPbv
eyS‡Z mnR n‡e BbkvAvjøvn|
†ivhvi msÁv
Avjøvgv kvgmyj AvB¤§v mvivLmx ivn. †ivhvi cwiPq w`‡Z wM‡q e‡jb-
‫ ﺷﻬﻮة اﻟﺒﻄﻦ وﺷﻬﻮة‬:‫ وﻫﻮ اﻟﻜﻒ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻀﺎء اﻟﺸﻬﻮﺗﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ إﻣﺴﺎك ﻣﺨﺼﻮص‬:‫واﻟﺼﻮم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬
‫ وﻫﻮ‬.‫ وﻫﻮ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ ﻃﺎﻫﺮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﻴﺾ واﻟﻨﻔﺎس ﻓﻲ وﻗﺖ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص‬.‫اﻟﻔﺮج ﻣﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص‬
.‫ وﻫﻮ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺼﺪ اﻟﺘﻘﺮب‬.‫ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻃﻠﻮع اﻟﻔﺠﺮ إﻟﻰ وﻗﺖ ﻏﺮوب اﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺔ‬
Ò†ivhvi wbq‡Z gymwjg e¨w³ I nv‡qh-‡bdvmgy³ gwnjvi mye‡n mvw`K †_‡K m~h© Wzev
ch©šÍ cvbvnvi I mnevm †_‡K weiZ _vKv‡K †ivhv ejv nq|Ó458
msÁvi mvims‡¶c n‡jv mye‡n mvw`K †_‡K m~h© ‡Wvev ch©šÍ wZbwU KvR †_‡K weiZ
_vKv| 1. Avnvi Kiv| 2. cvb Kiv| 3. ¯¿x mnevm Kiv|
msÁvi cÖwZwU welq KziAv‡bi AvqvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
jihgfedc ...HG FEDCBA
 utsrq ponm lk
Ò‡ivhvi iv‡Z †Zvgv‡`i ¯¿x‡`i mv‡_ mnevm Kiv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ nvjvj Kiv n‡q‡Q
... Avi cvbvnvi Ki hZ¶Y bv Kv‡jv †iLv †_‡K †fv‡ii ïå †iLv cwi®‹vi †`Lv hvq|
AZtci †ivhv c~Y© Ki ivZ ch©šÍ|Ó459

458 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 3/54, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

459 m~iv evKviv: 187
 †ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb, Bb‡njvi, G‡ÛvmKwc I i³ †`qv-†bqv 229

HG FEDCBA : Avqv‡Zi G As‡k D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q, †ivhvi

iRbx‡Z mye‡n mvw`K ch©šÍ ¯¿x mnevm ˆea, w`‡b ˆea bq|
gfedc : G As‡kI mye‡n mvw`K ch©šÍ cvbvnvi ˆea| Avi mye‡n
mvw`‡Ki ci A‰ea nIqvi K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
utsrq p : G As‡k †ivhvi mgqmxgv D‡jøL K‡i ivÎ ch©šÍ †ivhv c~Y© Kivi
ûKzg †`qv n‡q‡Q|
†ivhv †f‡½ hvIqvi g~jbxwZ
†ivhvi DwjøwLZ cwiP‡q †h welq¸‡jvi Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q, Zv h_vh_ cvjb Ki‡j †ivhv
mnxn n‡e| Avi †Kv‡bv GKwU jw•NZ n‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e, hv GKwU g~jbxwZi
Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv| g~jbxwZwU n‡jv, evwni †_‡K †Kv‡bv wKQz kix‡i cÖ‡ek
K‡i †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ †cuŠ‡Q w¯’i nIqv|
g~jbxwZwUi e¨vL¨v mnR‡eva¨ nIqvi Rb¨ †cU I gw¯Í‡®‹i ga¨Kvi †hvMm~Î Rvbv
`iKvi|
cvK¯’jx I gw¯Í‡®‹i m¤úK©
DwjøwLZ g~jbxwZ‡Z †c‡U Lv`¨ †cuŠQvi Av‡jvPbvq gw¯Í‡®‹i K_vI D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|
KviY gvby‡li gw¯Í®‹ I cvK¯’jxi gv‡S †hvMm~Î i‡q‡Q| hv Øviv gw¯Í‡®‹i †Kv‡bv Zij
wRwbm mn‡RB cvK¯’jx‡Z †cuŠ‡Q hvq| Avi †Kv‡bv wKQz cvK¯’jx‡Z †cuŠQv cvbvnv‡ii
AvIZvq c‡o, hv †ivhv †f‡½ hvIqvi Ab¨Zg KviY| Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn.
e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﻜﺎن ﺑﻤﻨـﺰﻟﺔ زاوﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ زواﻳﺎ اﻟﺠﻮف‬،‫ ﻷن ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﺬا إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻮف‬،‫ﻛﺬا إذا وﺻﻞ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ‬
ÒGgwbfv‡e (†ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e) hw` gw¯Í‡®‹ †cuŠ‡Q hvq| †Kbbv, gw¯Í®‹ †_‡K †cU
ch©šÍ GKwU iv¯Ív i‡q‡Q| myZivs Zv †c‡Ui GKwU Ask|Ó460
†h‡nZz gw¯Í®‹ †c‡Ui Askwe‡kl ZvB gw¯Í‡®‹ †Kv‡bv wKQz †cuŠ‡Q †M‡j †ivhv †f‡½
hv‡e|
Dc‡ivwjøwLZ g~jbxwZwUi e¨vL¨vq K‡qKwU welq j¶Yxq| h_v:
1. †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ iv¯Ív w`‡q cÖ‡ek Kiv|
2. †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ †cuŠ‡Q w¯’i nIqv|
†cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ †Kv‡bv wKQz cÖ‡ek Kivi c_ wZbwU| K. cÖvK…wZK c_| L. K„wÎg c_|

460 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/243, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 2/488, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv,
†`Ie›`; dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/276, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
230 `imyj wdK&n
M. †jvgK‚c|
K. cªvK…wZK c_| †hgb bvK, Kvb, Mjv, cvqLvbvi iv¯Ív w`‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz cÖ‡ek K‡i
†cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ †cuŠQ‡j, †ivhv †f‡½ hvq| Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻮﺻ ـ ــﻞ إﻟﻰ‬... ‫ ﻛﺎﻷﻧﻒ واﻷذن واﻟﺪﺑﺮ‬،‫وﻣﺎ وﺻ ـ ــﻞ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻮف أو إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺨﺎرق اﻷﺻ ـ ــﻠﻴﺔ‬
.‫اﻟﺠﻮف أو إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ ﻓﺴﺪ ﺻﻮﻣﻪ‬
Ò†cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ cÖvK…wZK c_ †hgb, bvK, Kvb ev cvqLvbvi iv¯Ív w`‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz
†cuŠQ‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e|Ó461
L. K…wÎg c_| †hgb, ‫†( اﻟﺠﺎﺋﻔﺔ‬c‡Ui RLg) Ges ‫( اﻵﻣﺔ‬gw¯Í‡®‹i RLg)|
Bgvg mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ واﻵﻣﺔ اﺳﻢ ﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ وﺻﻠﺖ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺪﻣﺎغ‬،‫اﻟﺠﺎﺋﻔﺔ اﺳﻢ ﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ وﺻﻠﺖ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺠﻮف‬
Ò‫ ﺟﺎﺋﻔﺔ‬n‡jv Ggb RLg hv †cU ch©šÍ †cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q| Ges ‫ ﺁﻣﺔ‬n‡jv Ggb RLg hv
gw¯Í®‹ ch©šÍ †cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q|Ó462
K…wÎg c‡_ A_©vr †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹i RLg w`‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹i †fZi †cuŠ‡Q
†M‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e| Avi †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹i †fZi bv †cuŠQ‡j †ivhv fv½‡e bv|
Bgvg kvgmyÏxb AvmvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وإن ﻋﻠﻢ‬.‫ ﻓﺴﺪ ﺻﻮﻣﻪ‬،‫وأﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺸﺎﺋﺨﻨﺎ أن اﻟﻌﺒﺮة ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺻﻮل ﺣﺘﻰ إذا ﻋﻠﻢ أن اﻟﺪواء اﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ وﺻﻞ إﻟﻰ ﺟﻮﻓﻪ‬
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻔﺴﺪ ﺻﻮﻣﻪ‬،‫أن اﻟﺮﻃﺐ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ إﻟﻰ ﺟﻮﻓﻪ‬
Ò†ivhv †f‡½ hvIqvi e¨vcv‡i Avgv‡`i AwaKvsk gvkv‡q‡Li wbKU g~j aZ©e¨ n‡jv-
†cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ †Kv‡bv wKQz †cuŠ‡Q hvIqv| ZvB ïK‡bv Jla e¨env‡ii ci Zv †c‡Ui
†fZ‡i †cuŠ‡Q †M‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e| wecix‡Z Zij JlaI hw` †c‡U bv †cuŠ‡Q,
Zvn‡j †ivhv fv½‡e bv|Ó463
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ أو ﻋﺪم وﺻﻮل اﻟﻄﺮي ﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﺴﺪ‬،‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻢ وﺻﻮل اﻟﻴﺎﺑﺲ أﻓﺴﺪ‬
Òg~j K_v n‡jv ev¯Í‡e †cuŠ‡Q hvIqv| ZvB hw` Rvbv hvq, ïK‡bv e¯‘ (†cU ev gw¯Í‡¯‹)
†cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q, †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e| Avi hw` Rvbv hvq Zij JlaI †cuŠ‡Qwb, Zvn‡j †ivhv

461 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/243 gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; c~e©eZ©x BgvgMY mgKvjxb M‡elYv Abyhvqx Gfv‡eB
wm×všÍ w`‡q‡Qb| eZ©gv‡b wKQz Wv³vi DwjøwLZ `yÕGKwU wel‡q wØgZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e c~Y©iƒ‡c ZvnKxK bv
nIqv ch©šÍ mZK©ZvekZ c~e©eZ©x BgvgM‡Yi wm×všÍB Avgj‡hvM¨ n‡e|
462 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 3/68, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
463 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 3/68, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/348, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv,

†`Ie›`
 †ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb, Bb‡njvi, G‡ÛvmKwc I i³ †`qv-†bqv 231
fvs‡e bv|Ó464
M. †jvgK~c| †jvgK~c cÖKZ … c‡¶ †Kv‡bv iv¯Ív bq eis kix‡i AwZ m~²vwZm~² wQ`ª,
†h wQ`ª w`‡q Zij †Kv‡bv c`v_©I ¯^vfvweKfv‡e cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i bv eis PyB‡q PzB‡q
GKUz GKUz K‡i hvq| c¶všÍ‡i ‫ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬ev iv¯Ív n‡jv †hLvb w`‡q ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †Kv‡bv
wKQz ¯’vbvšÍi n‡Z cv‡i| BwZc~‡e© Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q †h, †ivhv †f‡½ hvIqvi Rb¨
cÖvK…wZK ev K…wÎg iv¯Ív w`‡q †Kv‡bv wKQz †c‡U †cuŠQ‡Z n‡e| †jvgK~c †h‡nZz ‫ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬ev
iv¯Ívi msÁvq c‡o bv, ZvB †jvgK~c w`‡q †Kv‡bv wKQzi cÖwZwµqv †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek
Ki‡jI †ivhv bó n‡e bv|
‫ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬I ‫ ﻣﺴﻤﺔ‬-Gi cv_©K¨
‫( ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬iv¯Ív) ‫†( ﻣﺴﻤﺔ‬jvgK‚c) Gi cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z wM‡q Avjøvg Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn.
e‡jb-
‫ واﻟﻤﻔﻄﺮ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬،‫ﻷن اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ أﺛﺮ داﺧﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺎم اﻟﺬي ﻫﻮ ﺧﻠﻞ اﻟﺒﺪن‬
.‫ﻟﻺﺗﻔﺎق ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻣﻦ اﻏﺘﺴﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎء ﻓﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﺮدﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺎﻃﻨﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻄﺮ‬
Ò(myigv I †Z‡ji cÖfve KÉbvjx‡Z cvIqv †M‡jI †ivhvi mgm¨v n‡e bv)| †h‡nZz
GUv GKgb GK cÖfve hv kix‡ii wQ`ª Z_v †jvgK~c w`‡q cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| Avi
†ivhvf½Kvix n‡jv H cÖweó e¯‘ hv cÖ‡e‡ki c_ w`‡q cÖ‡ek K‡i| KviY dzKvnv‡q
†Kivg GKgZ n‡q‡Qb, †h e¨w³ cvwb‡Z †Mvmj Ki‡e Ges cvwbi kxZjZv †fZ‡i
Abyfe Ki‡e Zv‡Z †ivhv bó n‡e bv|Ó465
†jvgK~‡ci mv‡_ H mKj wRwbmI m¤ú„³ hvi AvQi I cÖwZwµqv PzB‡q PyB‡q †fZ‡i
cÖ‡ek K‡i ev †fZi †_‡K Pz‡l †bq| †hgb, mv‡ci welwµqv| ZvB †Kv‡bv welv³
mvc, we”Qz hw` KvD‡K `skb K‡i Ges welwµqv gw¯Í‡®‹ †cuŠ‡Q hvq Zey †ivhv bó n‡e
bv| KviY Zv ¯^vfvweK iv¯Ív w`‡q †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek K‡iwb|466
2. cÖ‡ekK…Z e¯‘ †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ †cuŠ‡Q w¯’i nIqv| myZivs †Kv‡bv wKQz †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹
†cuŠ‡Q w¯’i bv n‡j †ivhv bó n‡e bv|
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg Avj wgmix ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻫﺬا ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﺳﺘﻘﺮار‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﺋﻊ‬.‫وﻟﻮ أدﺧﻞ ﺧﺸﺒﺔ أو ﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ وﻃﺮﻓﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﺴﺪ ﺻﻮﻣﻪ‬
.‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻮف ﺷﺮط ﻟﻔﺴﺎد اﻟﺼﻮم‬
Òhw` KvV ev Zvi gZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wRwbm kix‡ii Af¨šÍ‡i cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq Avi Zvi
Aci cÖvšÍ Zvi nv‡Z _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zvi †ivhv bó n‡e bv| ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q wKZv‡e
464 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/376, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
465 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/367, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
466 dvZvIqv evBwqbvZ: 3/72, dvZvIqv‡q evBwqbvZ: RvwgqvZzj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgqv webœyix UvDb cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K wZb

L‡Ð cÖKvwkZ; dvZvIqv‡q nv°vwbqv: 4/159

232 `imyj wdK&n
D‡jøL Av‡Q, Gi Øviv eySv hvq, cÖweó e¯‘ †c‡U w¯’i nIqv †ivhv f‡½i Rb¨ kZ©|Ó467
†gvUK_v, GB g~jbxwZi `yÕwU As‡ki †Kv‡bv GKwU hw` bv cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j †ivhv
bó n‡e bv| Gi Av‡jv‡KB wKQz AvaywbK welq m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev, BbkvAvjøvn|
Bb‡RKkb Ki‡j †ivhv f½ n‡e bv
Bb‡RKkb Øviv evBi †_‡K kix‡ii †fZ‡i Zij e¯‘ cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq| wKš‘ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬
Z_v AwZµg¯’j w`‡q cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq bv| eis kix‡ii †MvkZ †Q` K‡i Bb‡RKkb
cyk Kiv nq|
†Mvk‡Zi Bb‡RKkb †Mvk‡ZB †_‡K hvq| Gw`K †mw`K †ekx `~i hvq bv| Avi hw`
†cU ch©šÍ †cuŠ‡QB hvq Zvn‡j Zv Nv‡gi gZ PzB‡q PzB‡q hvq| Avi Avgiv BwZc~‡e©
†R‡b G‡mwQ †h, gvbdvR ev AwZµg¯’j w`‡q cÖ‡ek bv Ki‡j †ivhv f½ n‡e bv|
Avi hw` i‡M Bb‡RKkb Kiv nq Zvn‡j Zv i‡MB Pjv‡div K‡i| kvixwiK Aviv‡gi
KviY nq| Zv †cU ev †`gv‡M hvq bv|
nvKxgyj D¤§vZ Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. e‡j‡Qb- ¯
r     ) &' (
± TU 7E & Sr
¬ 9 R [ vU PQ †o rË ‹ NO M ¾ r ‹ ñÁ *r ‹ £L`
B
± r [ 7E µqr ZS& 7E >OU µqr < X ± r %&
 µqr °Úr YQ 9 X
 > ¸ vVW
 
r ` a r Ÿ
c > Y
ß bW ± [ 7E µqr ZS& 7E  ^¾ _ ƒ 9  &]
 \W ¡ &
  B
r Ÿ r 7E 9 {%&
 °Ú r } TU µqr ± r 7E 9 d Ñ
9 R f ¡  e bW ±
 
0¡ r Ÿ  e > ¸ vVW ± r €& E ‹ Sr
¬
ÒWv³v‡ii M‡elYv I wb‡Ri AwfÁZvq GK_v cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q †h, Bb‡RKk‡bi
gva¨‡g Jla i‡Mi g‡a¨ †cuŠQvq| i‡³i mv‡_ †cU ev †`gv‡M Jla †cuŠ‡Q bv| Avi
†ivhv bó nIqvi Rb¨ e¯‘ †cU ev †`gv‡M †cuŠQv Riæix| e¨vcKfv‡e †h †Kv‡bv A‡½
ev i‡Mi †fZ‡i †cuŠQ‡jB †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e bv| GB Rb¨ Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g †h
Jla kix‡ii Af¨šÍ‡i †cuŠQv‡bv nq Zv †ivhv f½Kvix bq|Ó468
g~jbxwZ I DwjøwLZ dvZvIqvi Av‡jv‡K G K_vB cÖZxqgvb n‡jv †h, †ivhv Ae¯’vq
†h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Bb‡RKkb MÖnY Kiv hv‡e| †ivhvi †Kv‡bv ¶wZ n‡e bv|
GKwU cÖkœ I Zvi Reve
Gevi GKwU cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡i, †ivhv n‡jv cvbvnvi †_‡K weiZ _vKv| Møy‡KvR, Bb‡RKkb
Øviv †Zv cvbvnv‡ii KvR n‡q hvq| †ivhv Ae¯’vq Møy‡KvR, Bb‡RKkb ¶wZKi bv n‡j
†ivhvi Zvrch© iB‡jv †Kv_vq?

467 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 2/487, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

468 Bg`v`yj dvZvIqv: 2/145, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 †ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb, Bb‡njvi, G‡ÛvmKwc I i³ †`qv-†bqv 233
mgvavb: Møy‡KvR Bb‡RKk‡b †h‡nZz †ivhv f‡½i KviY cvIqv hvq bv ZvB †ivhv f½
n‡e bv| Z‡e †h‡nZz G ai‡bi Bb‡RKkb MÖnY Ki‡j †ivhvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ wewNœZ nq
ZvB GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb Qvov G ai‡bi kw³ea©K Bb‡RKkb MÖnY Kiv gvKiƒn|
 
r Ÿ r g…  F)

ñh R  ºlµqr )ik jo TU ¡ i¨ %)

‹ ñh R ±
¯ B
0TU %r *Á  R  pq r µqr ºl o > OU †n %)
m .u‹
Ò†ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb e¨envi Ki‡j †ivhv bó n‡e bv| Z‡e Møy‡KvR ev kw³ea©K
Bb‡RKkb e¨envi Ki‡j †h‡nZz †ivhvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ wewNœZ nq ZvB kw³ea©K ev
Lv`¨RvZxq Bb‡RKkb e¨envi Ki‡j †ivhv gvKiƒn n‡e|Ó469
†ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡njvi e¨envi
nuvcvbx AZ¨šÍ Kó`vqK GKwU †ivM| GB †iv‡Mi wPwKrmv wn‡m‡e M¨vmRvZxq AwZ
m~² GKwU c`v_© Avwe®‹vi Kiv n‡q‡Q| e¨env‡ii myweav‡_© †Kv¤úvwb JlawU‡K †¯úª
h‡š¿i †fZi iv‡L hv‡K Bb‡njviI ejv nq|
e¨envi c×wZ: nuvcvbx †ivMx h‡š¿i mvg‡bi w`KwU gy‡Li †fZ‡i †i‡L gyL eÜ K‡i
†d‡j| AZtci †¯úª K‡i †XvK wMj‡Z _v‡K| d‡j k¦vmiæ×Ki ¯’vbwU cÖk¯Í n‡q k¦vm
PjvPj ¯^vfvweK n‡q hvq Ges KóI jvNe nq|
Bb‡njvi e¨env‡ii ûKzg
JlawU †¯úª Kivi mgq hw`I Zv M¨v‡mi gZ g‡b nq cÖKZ … c‡¶ Zv n‡jv- †`nwewkó
Zij c`v_©| Avi GB Zij c`v_© hLb gyL w`‡q cÖ‡ek K‡i ZLb Zv †c‡U †cuŠ‡Q
hvq| ZvB †ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡njvi e¨envi Ki‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e|
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﺗﺒﺨﺮ ﺑﺒﺨﻮر ﻓﺂواﻩ إﻟﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ واﺷﺘﻤﻪ ذاﻛﺮا ﻟﺼﻮﻣﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬،‫أﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ أدﺧﻞ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ اﻟﺪﺧﺎن أﻓﻄﺮ‬
.‫أﻓﻄﺮ ﻹﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺘﺤﺮز ﻋﻨﻪ‬
Òhw` KÉbvjx‡Z †auvqv cÖ‡ek Kivq, Zvn‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e| ZvB hw` a~c Øviv
myevwmZ nq Ges Zv‡K wb‡Ri w`‡K †U‡b Av‡b Ges †ivhv ¯§iY _vKv m‡Ë¡I †kuv‡K
Zvn‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e| KviY Zv †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv m¤¢e|Ó470
dvZvIqv‡q n°vwbqv‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
B  
}
Ð {| ± r g… z %)
ý
 > O xy %)
‹  9 u¾ v w
r Ɵ t ( %
iù ¦ís
r   r
 
r Í ý O ¡ r Ÿ %
⠀U
r *Á Â 78 %)
\ 2 9 
] s qr 4q r  ~ º 9

469 dvZvIqv‡q evwq¨bvZ: 3/79, gvKZvev‡q evBwqbvZ, webœyix UvDb, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
470 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 3/366, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
234 `imyj wdK&n
    r
¾ r , ‚ [U Ï
0TU ‡q r & rˆ 78 …
1 %)
] U OU 1 %
„  \ ƒ r  g… z
r
ÒBb‡njvi e¨envi Ki‡j †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e| Avi hw` †ivhv Ae¯’vq GKvšÍ AcviMZvq
Zv e¨envi Ki‡Z nq Zvn‡j ighv‡bi c‡i ïay H w`‡bi †ivhv KvRv Ki‡jB n‡e|
Kvddviv w`‡Z n‡e bv| Avi hw` †ivMxi Ae¯’v Ggb gvivZ¥K nq †h, Bb‡njvi e¨envi
Qvov _vK‡Z cv‡i bv, Zvn‡j Kvhv KiviI cÖ‡qvRb †bB| eis †ivhvi wdw`qv
w`‡e|Ó471
†gvUK_v, †Kv‡bv c`v_©, Zij †nvK ev †auvqv RvZxq †c‡U †cuŠQ‡jB †ivhv †f‡½ hv‡e|
Wv³vix civgk©
weÁ Wv³viMY nuvcvbx †ivMx‡K mvaviYZ w`‡b `yBevi Bb‡njvi e¨env‡ii civgk©
w`‡q _v‡Kb| ZvB w`‡b hw` mvnix‡Z GKevi I BdZv‡ii ci GKevi e¨envi Ki‡j
w`‡b †Kv‡bv mgm¨v bv nq we‡kl K‡i †QvU w`b¸‡jv‡Z, Zvn‡j GB c×wZ MÖnY K‡i
†ivhv ivL‡e|
AcviM‡`i KiYxq
hw` †ivM gvivZ¥K AvKvi aviY K‡i Ges BdZvi ch©šÍ A‡c¶v Kiv m¤¢e bv nq
Zvn‡j kixÔAvZ Zv‡K †ivhv ivL‡Z eva¨ K‡iwb, †hgbwU c~‡e© dvZvIqv‡q n°vwbqvi
DׄwZ‡Z D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 | {z y
Ò†ivMxi R‡b¨ †Kv‡bv †`vl †bB|Ó472
c‡i hw` †ivMx my¯’ nq ev †QvU w`b¸‡jv‡Z Zvi Rb¨ †ivhv ivLv m¤¢e nq, Zvn‡j ïay
Kvhv K‡i wb‡e, Kvddviv w`‡Z n‡e bv| Avi hw` †ivMxi Ae¯’v GZ bvhyK n‡q hvq
†h, fv‡jv nIqvi m¤¢vebv †bB Ges Bb‡njvi e¨envi Kiv Qvov †m _vK‡Z cv‡i bv,
Zvn‡j kixÔAvZ Zv‡K †ivhv bv †i‡L wdw`qv †`qvi my‡hvM w`‡q‡Q|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv KziAv‡b Kvix‡g Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-
 wvuts rq
ÒAvi hviv †ivhv ivL‡Z m¶g bq Zviv wgmwKb‡K Lvbv w`‡q wdw`qv Av`vq
Ki‡e|Ó473
nu¨v, hw` g„Zz¨i c~‡e© KL‡bv my¯’ nq Ges †ivhv ivL‡Z m¶g nq, Zvn‡j †ivhv ivL‡e|

471 dvZvIqv‡q n°vwbq¨vn: 4/170, Rvwgqv `viæj Dj~g n°vwbq¨vn, cvwK¯Ívb; Rv‡gDj dvZvIqv: 3/319
472 m~iv b~i: 61
473 m~iv evKviv: 184
 †ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb, Bb‡njvi, G‡ÛvmKwc I i³ †`qv-†bqv 235
†ivhv Ae¯’vq G‡ÛvmKwc
G‡ÛvmKwci msÁv: j¤^v wPKb GKwU cvBc, hvi GK cÖv‡šÍ evj¦RvZxq †QvU GKwU e¯‘
_v‡K Avi Aci cÖv‡šÍ _v‡K gwbUix| evj¦hy³ gv_vwU Mjv w`‡q cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q
cvK¯’jx‡Z †cuŠQv‡bv nq| d‡j Aci cÖv‡šÍi gwbUix‡Z †c‡Ui Af¨šÍixb mKj Ae¯’v
¯úó n‡q hvq| G mvnv‡h¨ Wv³viMY †c‡Ui †ivM wbY©q Ki‡Z m¶g nb| GUv‡K
G‡ÛvmKwc ejv nq|
G‡ÛvmKwc Ki‡j †ivhv f½ n‡e bv
G‡ÛvmKwc Kivi mgq mvaviYZ cvBcwU‡Z †Kv‡bv ai‡bi †gwWwmb ev ˆZj e¨envi
Kiv nq bv| Avi cvBcmn hv wKQz XzKv‡bv nq me †ei n‡q Av‡m|
†ivhv f½ nIqvi g~jbxwZ‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q- evwni †_‡K e¯‘ AwZµg¯’j w`‡q cÖ‡ek
K‡i †cU ev gw¯Í‡®‹ w¯’i n‡Z n‡e| G‡ÛvmKwc Kivi mgq cvK¯’jx‡Z evwni †_‡K
e¯‘ cÖ‡ek K‡i e‡U †mLv‡b w¯’i _v‡K bv, ZvB †ivhv bó n‡e bv| wdK‡ni wKZv‡e G
ai‡bi †ek wKQz gvmAvjv cvIqv hvq| Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻔﺴﺪ اﻟﺼﻮم إﻻ إذا اﻧﻔﺼﻞ‬،‫ وﻃﺮف اﻟﺨﻴﻂ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪﻩ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﺷﺪ اﻟﻄﻌﺎم ﺑﺨﻴﻂ وأرﺳﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv myZvi mv‡_ Lv`¨ †eu‡a Zv KÚbvjx‡Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq Avi myZvi
Ab¨w`K Zvi nv‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j †ivhv bó n‡e bv| Z‡e hw` Lv`¨ myZv †_‡K c„_K
n‡q hvq Zvn‡j †ivhv bó n‡q hv‡e|Ó474
DwjøwLZ gvmAvjv I G‡ÛvmKwci g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB| †gvUK_v, G‡ÛvmKwc
Ki‡j †ivhv bó n‡e bv| Z‡e nu¨v hw` cvB‡ci mv‡_ †Kv‡bv ai‡bi †gwWwmb ev †Zj
jvMv‡bv nq, hv †c‡U †_‡K hvq Zvn‡j †ivhv bó n‡q hv‡e| †hgb c~‡e©vwjøwLZ
gvmAvjv‡Z i‡q‡Q ‫ إﻻ إذا اﻧﻔﺼﻞ‬Z‡e Lv`¨ c„_K n‡q †M‡j †ivhv bó n‡q hv‡e|
†ivhv Ae¯’vq i³ †`qv-†bqv
nvmcvZvj¸‡jv‡Z i³ †`qv-†bqv G‡Kev‡iB ¯^vfvweK I AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq|
ighvb gv‡mI GB aviv Ae¨vnZ _v‡K| wKš‘ A‡bK ag©cÖvY fvB-†evb k¼vq _v‡Kb
†h, †ivhv bó n‡q hvq wK bv? ZvB `jxjwfwËK GB gvmAvjvwUiI mgvavb †ck Kiv
n‡jv|
†ivhv Ae¯’vq i³ w`‡j †ivhv bó n‡e bv| †hgb ivm~jyjøvn †ivhv Ae¯’vq wksMv
jvwM‡q `~wlZ i³ †ei K‡i‡Qb| Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
اﺣﺘﺠﻢ وﻫﻮ ﺻﺎﺋﻢ‬
Òbex †ivhv Ae¯’vq wksMv jvwM‡q‡Qb|Ó475

474 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 2/487, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

475 mnxn eyLvix: 1/260, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
236 `imyj wdK&n
Z‡e †ivhv Ae¯’vq i³ w`‡j hw` Ggb `ye©j n‡q hvIqvi Avk¼v _v‡K †h, †ivhv †f‡½
†dj‡Z nq Zvn‡j GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb Qvov i³ †`qv gvKiƒn| Bgvg eyinvbyÏxb ivn.
e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا ﺧﺎف أن ﻳﻀـ ــﻌﻔﻪ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ إن أﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴـ ــﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀـ ــﻌﻒ ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ‬،‫إذا أراد أن ﻳﺤﺘﺠﻢ‬
.‫ وﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﺆﺧﺮ إﻟﻰ وﻗﺖ اﻟﻐﺮوب‬،‫ﻳﻜﺮﻩ‬
Òhw` †ivhv Ae¯’vq wksMv jvMv‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j `ye©j n‡q hvIqvi Avk¼vgy³ n‡j mgm¨v
†bB| `ye©j n‡q hvIqvi Avk¼v n‡j gvKiƒn n‡e| Zvi DwPZ m~h©v¯Í ch©šÍ A‡c¶v
Kiv|Ó476
myZivs eySv †M‡jv, i³ w`‡j ev kix‡ii †Kv_vI †K‡U A‡bK i³ †ei n‡j †ivhv bó
n‡e bv| Bgvg e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn. D‡jøL K‡ib-
.‫ اﻟﻔﻄﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ دﺧﻞ وﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺧﺮج‬:‫ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس وﻋﻜﺮﻣﺔ‬
ÒBe‡b AveŸvm ivwh. I BKivgv ivwh. e‡jb, †ivhv †f‡½ hvq †Kv‡bv wKQz cÖ‡ek
Ki‡j| †Kv‡bv wKQz †ei n‡j bq|477 i³ †`qvi mgq kix‡ii †fZi †Kv‡bv wKQz
cÖ‡ek K‡i bv| ZvB †ivhv f½ nIqvi cÖkœB Av‡m bv|Ó
i³ wb‡jI †ivhv fv‡½ bv
kix‡i i³ cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bvi ûKzg Bb‡RKk‡bi gZB A_©vr i³ ¯^vfvweK cÖ‡ek c_
w`‡q cÖ‡ek K‡i bv Ges Zv †`gvM ev †c‡U †cuŠ‡Q bv, ZvB i³ wb‡j †ivhv bó n‡e
bv|
mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 08 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
02 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

476 Avj gynxZzj eyinvbx: 2/563, `viæ Bn&BqvBZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 2/477,
gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
477 Dg`vZzj Kvix: 8/123 `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
†ivhv Ae¯’vq Bb‡RKkb, Bb‡njvi, G‡ÛvmKwc I i³ †`qv-†bqv 237

Aa¨vq: nR¡
238

e`jx nR¡: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb

gvIjvbv Gg`v`yj nK ev‡qwR` †gv‡gbkvnx
nR¡ kixÔAv‡Zi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weavb, Bmjv‡gi cvuP ¯Í‡¤¢i Ab¨Zg ¯Í¤¢| nR¡ dih
nIqvi ci Av`vq bv Ki‡j ¸bvnMvi n‡e| GgbwK Av`vq Ki‡Z wej¤^ KivI Rv‡qh
†bB| GiciI dih nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j kixÔAvZ Zvi Rb¨ weKí e¨e¯’v
†i‡L‡Q| Zv n‡jv wb‡Ri Li‡P wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K Ab¨ KvD‡K n‡R¡ †cÖiY Kiv| A_©vr
e`jx nR¡ Kiv‡bv| e`jx n‡R¡i bvbvwea gvmv‡qj i‡q‡Q| eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü wKQz
gvmv‡qj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
e`jx nR¡
nR¡ dih nIqvi ci †h e¨w³ Av`vq Ki‡Z Ggb A¶g n‡q †M‡Q †h, Zv `~i nIqvi
Avkv Kiv hvq bv (†hgb AÜZ¡, Aav©½ ev c¨vivjvBwmm) Zvn‡j †m wb‡Ri cwie‡Z©
Ab¨ KvD‡K n‡R¡ cvVv‡j Zvi dih nR¡ Av`vq n‡q hv‡e| cieZ©x mg‡q Avjøvni
Kz`i‡Z †m my¯’ n‡jI cybivq Zvi nR¡ Kiv jvM‡e bv|
Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إن ﻓﺮﻳﻀﺔ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎدﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺞ أدرﻛﺖ‬:‫ﺟﺎءت اﻣﺮأة ﻣﻦ ﺧﺜﻌﻢ ﻋﺎم ﺣﺠﺔ اﻟﻮداع ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬
478
.‫ ﻧﻌﻢ‬:‫ ﻓﻬﻞ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ أن أﺣﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ؟ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ أن ﻳﺴﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮاﺣﻠﺔ‬،‫أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺨﺎ ﻛﺒﻴﺮا‬
ÒLvQÔAvg †Mv‡Îi R‰bK gwnjv we`vq n‡R¡i mgq G‡m ej‡jv, †n Avjøvni ivm~j!
ev›`vi Dci Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi c¶ †_‡K dih nR¡ Avgvi wcZvi Dci GgZve¯’vq
dih n‡q‡Q †h, wZwb e‡qve„× mvIqvixi Dci em‡Z m¶g bb| Avwg Zvi c¶ †_‡K
nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡j wK Zvi c¶ †_‡K Av`vq n‡e? ivm~j ej‡jb, nu¨v|Ó479
eva©K¨ Ggb IRi hv cieZ©x‡Z `~i nIqvi Avkv Kiv hvq bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e †h mKj
†ivM †m‡i hvIqvi m¤¢vebv †bB †m‡¶‡ÎI e`jx nR¡ Kiv‡bv hv‡e| cieZ©x‡Z my¯’
n‡jI Zvi Avi nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e bv| Avi hw` †ivM Ggb nq hv †m‡i hvIqvi
Avkv Av‡Q, Zvn‡j †m e¨w³ †m‡i hvIqvi A‡c¶v Ki‡e| my¯’ n‡j nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡e|
nu¨v hw` A‡c¶v Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †cuŠ‡Q †h, Avi fvj nIqvi Avkv Kiv
hvq bv; ZLb †m e`jx nR¡ Kiv‡e| my¯’ nIqvi A‡c¶v Kiv QvovB hw` e`jx nR¡
Kivq Ges cieZ©x‡Z my¯’ nq, Zvn‡j cybivq Zvi nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| Avjøvgv

‫ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺨﺜﻌﻤﻴﺔ أﺻﻞ ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ‬: (‫ دار اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬.‫ )ﻃـ‬٨٦/٤ «‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟﻌﺴﻘﻼﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري‬ 478

.‫ ﺧﺎرج ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ أن ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎن إﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻌﻰ‬،‫ﺻﺤﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺞ‬

479 mnxn eyLvix: 1/250, nv`xm bs 1854, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv w`jøx
 e`jx nR¡: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 239
AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
(‫ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻨﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻌﺠﺰ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺸﺮط دوام اﻟﻌﺠﺰ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻮت )ﻷﻧﻪ ﻓﺮض اﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻠﺰم اﻹﻋﺎدة ﺑﺰوال اﻟﻌﺬر‬
‫ﻫﺬا إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺮض ﻳﺮﺟﻰ زواﻟﻪ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﻤﻲ واﻟﺰﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﺳﻘﻂ اﻟﻔﺮض ﺑﺤﺞ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻼ‬
.‫ ﺳﻮاء اﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺑﻪ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻌﺬر أم ﻻ‬،‫إﻋﺎدة ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬
Òg„Zz¨ ch©šÍ Amy¯Z ’ v ¯’vqx n‡j e`jx nR¡ Kiv‡bv Rv‡qh| (Avi g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ ¯’vqx bv
n‡j Rv‡qh †bB) †Kbbv Zv Rxe‡b GKeviB dih nq| myZivs Amy¯Z ’ v `~i n‡q †M‡j
cybivq nR¡ Kiv Avek¨K| GB weavb ZLb, hw` Amy¯Z ’ v fvj nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K|
Avi hw` Amy¯’Zv Ggb nq, hv `~i nIqvi Avkv Kiv hvq bv †hgb AÜZ¡ I
c¨vivjvBwmm, Zvn‡j Ab¨ †KD Zvi AbygwZµ‡g Zvi c¶ †_‡K nR¡ Ki‡j Av`vq
n‡q hv‡e| Zvi Avi cybivq nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e bv, †m IRi g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ envj
_vKzK ev bv _vKzK|Ó480
e`jx n‡R¡i AwmqZ
nR¡ kixÔAv‡Zi GKwU AKvU¨ weavb, hv dih nIqvi ci Av`vq Ki‡ZB n‡e| Ab¨_vq
†m ¸bvnMvi n‡e| nu¨v, hw` nR¡ dih nIqvi ci Mwogwm K‡i Av`vq bv Kivq cieZ©x
mg‡q nR¡ Av`v‡qi kw³ nvwi‡q †d‡j, Zvn‡j Aek¨B e`jx n‡R¡i e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z
n‡e| RxeÏkvq Kiv‡bvi my‡hvM bv n‡j Kgc‡¶ AwmqZ K‡i †h‡Z n‡e †hb Zvi
c¶ †_‡K Zvi †i‡L hvIqv m¤ú‡`i GK Z…Zxqvsk †_‡K nR¡ Av`vq Kiv‡bv nq|
nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~jyjøvn e‡jb-
.‫ﻣﺎ ﺣﻖ اﻣﺮء ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻟﻪ ﺷﻲء ﻳﺮﻳﺪ أن ﻳﻮﺻﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻳﺒﻴﺖ ﻟﻴﻠﺘﻴﻦ إﻻ ووﺻﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬
Ò‡h gywgb e¨w³i m¤ú` Av‡Q AwmqZ KiviI B”Qv Av‡Q, AwmqZ bv K‡i `yB ivÎ
wej¤^ KivI Zvi Rb¨ DwPZ n‡e bv|Ó481
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. G nv`x‡mi GKwU e¨vL¨v Gfv‡e D‡jøL K‡ib-
.‫ واﻟﻮﺻﻴﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ واﺟﺒﺔ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬،‫ واﻟﻜﻔﺎرات‬،‫ واﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺎت ﻛﺎﻟﺤﺞ واﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬،‫ﻳﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﺮاﺋﺾ‬
Ònv`x‡mi e¨vL¨v n‡jv, H mKj dih I IqvwR‡ei AwmqZ hv H e¨w³i Dci
IqvwRe| †hgb nR¡, hvKvZ Ges Kvd&dviv Avi G mKj wel‡q AwmqZ Kiv nvbvdx
gvhnv‡e IqvwRe|Ó482
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﺈن ﻣﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ وﺻﻴﺔ ﻳﺄﺛﻢ ﺑﻼ ﺧﻼف‬...‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺤﺞ إذا ﻣﺎت ﻗﺒﻞ أداﺋﻪ‬

480 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 4/15, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

481 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1627
482 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 6/423, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
240 `imyj wdK&n
Òdih nR¡ Av`vq bv K‡i AwmqZ Kiv e¨ZxZ gviv †M‡j ¸bvnMvi n‡e|Ó483
g„Z e¨w³i AwmqZ e¨ZxZ hw` Zvi IqvwikMY †¯^”QvcÖ‡Yvw`Z Zvi c¶ †_‡K nR¡
Av`vq K‡i Zvn‡j Bb&kvAvjøvn g„Z e¨w³i c¶ †_‡K Av`vq n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e j¶¨
ivL‡Z n‡e †h, g„Z e¨w³i †i‡L hvIqv m¤ú` †_‡K nR¡ Kiv‡bv Riæix bq weavq mg¯Í
ev‡jM Iqvwi‡ki AbygwZ wb‡q Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| bvev‡j‡Mi AbygwZ wb‡qI Zvi
Ask †_‡K LiP Kiv hv‡e bv| KviY G‡¶‡Î bvev‡j‡Mi AbygwZ kixÔAv‡Z MÖnY‡hvM¨
bq| Avãyjøvn Be‡b eyivB`v ivn. Zvi wcZvi m~‡Î eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ ﻧﻌﻢ! ﺣﺠﻲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬:‫ أﻓﺄﺣﺞ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ؟ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ وﻟﻢ ﺗﺤﺞ‬،‫ إن أﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ‬:‫ﺟﺎءت اﻣﺮأة إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬
ÒGK gwnjv bex Kixg Gi wbKU G‡m ej‡jv, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! Avgvi gv nR¡
bv K‡i B‡šÍKvj K‡i‡Qb| Avwg wK Zvi c¶ †_‡K nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡ev? ivm~jyjøvn
ej‡jb, nu¨v, Zzwg Zvi c¶ †_‡K nR¡ K‡iv|Ó484
G nv`x‡m †h‡nZz Awmq‡Zi K_v D‡jøL †bB ZvB evn¨Z GwU AwmqZ bv Ki‡jI e`jx
nR¡ Rv‡qh nIqvi `jxj| Z‡e e¨vcK A_© wb‡j AwmqZ Kiv bv Kiv Dfq Ae¯’vi
Rb¨ `jxj nIqvi AeKvk Av‡Q|
Avjøvgv kvgmyj AvB¤§v mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ أﺟﺰأﻩ إن ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫وإذا ﺣﺞ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻪ أو ﻋﻦ أﻣﻪ ﺣﺠﺔ اﻹﺳﻼم ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ وﺻﻴﺔ أوﺻﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻴﺖ‬
.‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
Ò†Kv‡bv e¨w³ hw` Zvi wcZv-gvZvi c¶ †_‡K AwmqZ e¨ZxZ dih nR¡ Av`vq K‡i
Zvn‡j Bb&kvAvjøvn Zv gvBwq‡Zi c¶ †_‡K Av`vq n‡q hv‡e|485
e`jx n‡R¡ †Kgb e¨w³‡K cvVv‡bv DwPZ
e`jx n‡R¡ †cÖwiZ e¨w³ wZb cÖKvi n‡Z cv‡i| K. †m c~‡e© nR¡ K‡i‡Q| L. Zvi Dci
nR¡ dih nIqv m‡Ë¡I nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb| M. Zvi Dci nR¡ dih nqwb Ges c~‡e©I
nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb| cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki weavb `jxjmn D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv|
K. nR¡ Av`vq K‡i‡Q, n‡R¡i wewaweavbI Rvbv Av‡Q| Ggb cÖvßeq¯‹ ¯^vaxb cyiæl‡K
e`jx n‡R¡ †cÖiY Kiv DËg|
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫واﻷﻓﻀﻞ إﺣﺠﺎج اﻟﺤﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﻚ اﻟﺬي ﺣﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺣﺠﺔ اﻹﺳﻼم‬

483 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/469, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

484 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 1/186, nv`xm bs 941, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`; Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K mnxn
e‡j‡Qb|
485 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 4/161, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 e`jx nR¡: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 241
Òn‡R¡i gvmv‡qj m¤ú‡K© AeMZ, ¯^vaxb cyiæl †h wb‡Ri dih nR¡ Av`vq K‡i‡Q Ggb
e¨w³‡K e`jx n‡R¡ †cÖiY Kiv DËg|Ó486
L. †h e¨w³ wb‡Ri Dc‡i nR¡ dih nIqv m‡Ë¡I nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb Ggb e¨w³‡K e`jx
n‡R¡ cvVv‡bv †cÖiYKvixi Rb¨ gvKiƒ‡n Zvbhxnx Avi H e¨w³i Rb¨ gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx|
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫واﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ أن ﺣﺞ اﻟﺼﺮورة ﻋﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ إن ﻛﺎن ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﻮﺟﻮب ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻤﻠﻚ اﻟﺰاد واﻟﺮاﺣﻠﺔ‬
‫ وﻛﺬا‬، ‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻀﻴﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ واﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﻲ أول ﺳﻨﻰ اﻹﻣﻜﺎن ﻓﻴﺄﺛﻢ ﺑﺘﺮﻛﻪ‬،‫واﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻜﺮوﻩ ﻛﺮاﻫﺔ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ‬
‫ وﻫﻮ ﺧﺸﻴﺔ أن ﻻ ﻳﺪرك‬،‫ ﻷن اﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻌﻴﻦ اﻟﺤﺞ اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل ﺑﻞ ﻟﻐﻴﺮﻩ‬،‫ وﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﻳﺼﺢ‬،‫ﻟﻮ ﺗﻨﻔﻞ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬
.‫ إذ اﻟﻤﻮت ﻓﻲ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﺎدر‬، ‫اﻟﻔﺮض‬
Òg°vq hvZvqvZ Li‡Pi mvg_©evb e¨w³ nR¡ dih nIqvi ci hw` A‡b¨i c¶ †_‡K
nR¡ K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ Zv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx n‡e| †Kbbv wb‡Ri dih nR¡ Av`vq
Kiv Zvi Rb¨ Avk¼vRbK n‡q hvq| KviY Zvi nR¡ Av`v‡qi cÖ_g my‡hvM †Zv G
eQi| myZivs Zv cwinvi Kivi Kvi‡Y †m ¸bvnMvi n‡e| Ggwbfv‡e gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx
n‡e, hw` †m cÖ_‡g wb‡Ri bdj nR¡ Av`vq K‡i| GZ`vm‡Ë¡I †m e`jx nR¡ Ki‡Z
cvi‡e| †Kbbv wb‡lavÁv mivmwi n‡R¡i e¨vcv‡i Av‡mwb; eis Ab¨ Kvi‡Y G‡m‡Q|
Avi Zv n‡jv, cieZ©x mg‡q wb‡Ri dih nR¡ bv cvIqvi Avk¼v| †Kbbv GK eQ‡ii
g‡a¨ gviv hvIqv wewPÎ bq|Ó487
Bebyj ûgvg ivn. DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, ïeiægvi nv`x‡m (hv mvg‡b
D‡jøL Kiv n‡e) ‫ ﺣﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﺛﻢ ﺣﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺒﺮﻣﺔ‬Gi D‡Ïk¨ H e¨w³, hvi Dci nR¡ dih
n‡q‡Q wKš‘ GL‡bv dih nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb|
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﺞ‬،‫ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺼﺮورة اﻟﻤﺄﻣﻮر اﻟﺬي اﺟﺘﻤﻌﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﺮوط اﻟﺤﺞ‬،‫واﻟﺤﻖ أﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻨـﺰﻳﻬﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻵﻣﺮ‬
.‫ ﻷﻧﻪ آﺛﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬،‫ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬
ÒmwVK wm×všÍ n‡jv, nR¡ dih nIqv m‡Ë¡I wb‡Ri dih nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb Ggb
e¨w³‡K e`jx n‡R¡ cvVv‡j †cÖiYKvixi Rb¨ gvKiƒ‡n Zvbhxnx, Avi Avw`ó e¨w³i
Rb¨ wb‡Ri dih nR¡ wej¤^ Kivi Kvi‡Y gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixwg|Ó488
M. †h e¨w³i Dci nR¡ dih nqwb Ges †m nR¡ Av`vqI K‡iwb Ggb e¨w³i e`jx nR¡
Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh| nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb eY©bv K‡ib-

486 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/140, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
487 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/148, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
488 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 3/123, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
242 `imyj wdK&n
‫ أﻓﺄﺣﺞ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﺗﺤﺞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ‬،‫ إن أﻣﻲ ﻧﺬرت أن ﺗﺤﺞ‬:‫إن اﻣﺮأة ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﻴﻨﺔ ﺟﺎءت إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬
.‫ أﻗﻀﻮا اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﺎﻟﻠﻪ أﺣﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻓﺎء‬،‫ أرأﻳﺖ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ أﻣﻚ دﻳﻦ أﻛﻨﺖ ﻗﺎﺿﻴﺔ‬،‫ ﺣﺠﻲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬:‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ؟ ﻗﺎل‬
Ò†hvnvqbv †Mv‡Îi R‰bK gwnjv ivm~jyjøvn Gi wbKU Dcw¯’Z n‡q AviR Ki‡jv,
Avgvi gv n‡R¡i gvbœZ K‡i Zv Av`vq bv K‡iB g„Zz¨ eiY K‡ib| GLb Avwg wK Zvi
c¶ †_‡K nR¡ Ki‡Z cvwi? ivm~jyjøvn ej‡jb nu¨v, Zzwg Zvi c¶ †_‡K nR¡
Av`vq Ki‡Z cv‡iv| †Zvgvi gv‡qi Dci Kv‡iv FY _vK‡j Zzwg wK Zv Av`vq Ki‡Z
bv? myZivs †Zvgiv (mKj gymjgvb) Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi nK Av`vq K‡i `vI| Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjvi nK †Zv Av‡iv †ewk ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ Av`vq Kivi †hvM¨|Ó489
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. †h nR¡ K‡iwb Zvi e`jx nR¡ Kiv cÖm‡½ `jxj Gfv‡e
D‡jøL K‡ib-
‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻔﺴﺮ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺣﺠﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﺣﺠﻲ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻚ‬:‫ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺨﺜﻌﻤﻴﺔ أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل ﻟﻬﺎ‬:‫وﻟﻨﺎ‬
.‫ وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻻﺳﺘﻔﺴﺮ‬،‫أوﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺻﺮورة‬
ÒAvgv‡`i `jxj, LvmAvg †Mv‡Îi gwnjvi m~‡Î ewY©Z nv`xm| ivm~jyjøvn Zv‡K
Zvi wcZvi c¶ †_‡K nR¡ Ki‡Z e‡jwQ‡jb, Zv‡K wR‡Ám K‡ibwb †h †m wb‡Ri c¶
†_‡K dih nR¡ Av`vq K‡i‡Q wK bv| hw` wb‡Ri nR¡ Av`vq Kiv bv Kivi mv‡_ e`jx
n‡R¡i ûKzg wfbœ n‡Zv Zvn‡j ivm~jyjøvn Zv‡K wb‡Ri n‡R¡i e¨vcv‡i wR‡Ám
490
Ki‡Zb|Ó
nhiZ nvmvb emix ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-
491.‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺮى ﺑﺄﺳﺎ أن ﻳﺤﺞ اﻟﺼﺮورة ﻋﻦ‬
ÒnhiZ nvmvb emix ivn. Gi g‡Z †h e¨w³ wb‡R nR¡ K‡iwb †m A‡b¨i c¶ †_‡K
nR¡ Kiv‡Z wZwb †Kv‡bv Amyweav g‡b Ki‡Zb bv|Ó492
Avjøvgv kvgmyj AvB¤§v mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﻓﺈن أﺣﺞ ﺻﺮورة ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬
Òwb‡Ri dih nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb Ggb e¨w³‡K hw` n‡R¡ †cÖiY K‡i, Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i
wbKU Zvi nR¡ mnxn n‡e|Ó493 (A_©vr †cÖiYKvixi c¶ †_‡K Av`vq n‡e|)

489 mnxn eyLvix: 1/225, nv`xm bs 1815, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

490 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 2/456, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
‫( ﻋﻦ‬۱۳٥٤۲) «‫ وﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ‬.‫ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ« )ﺑﺎب ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺞ( ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ‬491
.‫ أن ﻋﻠﻴﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺮى ﺑﺄﺳﺎ أن ﻳﺤﺞ اﻟﺼﺮورة ﻋﻦ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬:‫ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻪ‬
492 gymvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvBev: nv`xm bs 13544
493 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 4/151, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 e`jx nR¡: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 243
DwjøwLZ `jxj¸‡jv G K_vi cÖgvY enb K‡i †h, e`jx nR¡ mnxn nIqvi †¶‡Î e`jx
nR¡Kvix c~‡e© nR¡ Av`vq Kiv ev bv Kivi †Kv‡bv `Lj †bB| Ab¨_vq ivm~jyjøvn
Zv‡`i wR‡Ám Ki‡Zb, A_P Zv K‡ibwb| myZivs †h c~‡e© nR¡ cvjb K‡i‡Q †m †hfv‡e
e`jx nR¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e †ZgbB †h BwZc~‡e© nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb †mI e`jx nR¡
cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e GKwU nv`xm †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, e`jx nR¡ Av`vq Ki‡Z
n‡j c~‡e© nR¡ Ki‡Z n‡e| wb‡gœ nv`xmwU D‡jøL K‡i Zvi e¨vL¨v †`qv n‡jv|
nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﺣﺠﺠﺖ‬:‫ أخ ﻟﻲ أو ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻟﻲ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﺮﻣﺔ؟ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ ﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺒﺮﻣﺔ ﻗﺎل‬:‫أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺳﻤﻊ رﺟﻼ ﻳﻘﻮل‬
494
.‫ ﺛﻢ ﺣﺞ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺒﺮﻣﺔ‬،‫ ﺣﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻻ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ؟ ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn GK e¨w³‡K ‫( ﻟﺒﻴﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺒﺮﻣﺔ‬ïeiægvi c¶ †_‡K n‡R¡i Zvjweqv
co‡Z) ïb‡jb, bexRx wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, ïeiægv †K? †m ejj, Avgvi fvB A_ev
Avgvi AvZ¥xq| bexRx Zv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Zzwg wK wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K nR¡
K‡i‡Qv? †m DËi w`‡jv, bv| ZLb bexRx Zv‡K ej‡jb, cÖ_‡g wb‡Ri nR¡ Av`vq
K‡iv, Gici ïeiægvi c¶ †_‡K Av`vq K‡iv|Ó495
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. LvmÔAvwgqv I ïeiægvi nv`x‡mi mgš^q Ki‡Z wM‡q we¯Íi
Av‡jvPbvi GK ch©v‡q e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻴﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ وﻫﻮ إﻃﻼﻗﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ وﻫﻮ ﻳﺤﺘﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﺪب‬،‫ﻓﺤﺎﺻﻠﻪ أََﻣَﺮ ﺑﺄن ﻳﺒﺪأ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺞ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬
‫ وﺗﺮك‬. ‫ »ﺣﺠﻲ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻚ« ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ اﺳﺘﺨﺒﺎرﻫﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺠﻬﺎ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ذﻟﻚ‬: ‫واﻟﺴﻼم ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻟﻠﺨﺜﻌﻤﻴﺔ‬
. ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺼﺎل ﻓﻲ وﻗﺎﺋﻊ اﻷﺣﻮال ﻳﻨﺰل ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ ﻋﻤﻮم اﻟﺨﻄﺎب ﻓﻴﻔﻴﺪ ﺟﻮازﻩ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬
‫وﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺷﺒﺮﻣﺔ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺣﺠﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ وﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺤﺼﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻊ وﻳﺜﺒﺖ أوﻟﻮﻳﺔ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻔﺮض ﻋﻠﻰ‬
. ‫اﻟﻨﻔﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻮازﻩ‬
Ò‡gvUK_v bexRx cÖ_‡g wb‡Ri nR¡ Av`v‡qi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| wb‡`©kwU gy¯Ívnve
nIqvi m¤¢vebv iv‡L| myZivs gy¯Ívnve wn‡m‡e e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡e bexRxi G K_vi
e¨vcKZvi wfwˇZ, hv wZwb LvQÔAvg †Mv‡Îi GK gwnjv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔZzwg †Zvgvi
evevi c¶ †_‡K nR¡ K‡iv|Õ BwZc~‡e© wb‡R nR¡ K‡i‡Q wK bv G Lei bv wb‡qB bexRx
K_vwU e‡j‡Qb| ev¯Íe cwiw¯’wZi †¶‡Î we¯ÍvwiZ wRÁvmv cwinvi KivB e¨vcKfv‡e
m‡¤^va‡bi ch©vq| myZivs Gi Øviv A‡b¨i c¶ †_‡K nR¡ Kiv ˆea cÖgvwYZ nq| PvB

‫ رﻓﻌﻪ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل أﺣﻤﺪ‬،‫ ورﺟﺢ اﻟﻄﺤﺎوي أﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻮف‬...‫ وﺻﺤﺤﻪ اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬،‫ ﻓﺮﺟﺢ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺤﻖ واﺑﻦ اﻟﻘﻄﺎن رﻓﻌﻪ‬،‫ واﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮا ﻓﻲ رﻓﻊ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ووﻗﻔﻪ‬494
(‫ ﻣﻌﻬﺪ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻞ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬،۱۱۱/۳ :‫ )ﺑﺬل اﻟﻤﺠﻬﻮد‬.‫ ﻛﺬا ﻗﺎل اﻟﺸﻮﻛﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ ﻻ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ رﻓﻌﻪ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﺬر‬،‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬
495 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 1546
244 `imyj wdK&n
wb‡R Av‡M nR¡ KiæK ev bv KiæK| Avi ïeiægvi nv`xm Av‡M wb‡R nR¡ K‡i †bqv
gy¯Ívnve nIqv eySvq| Gfv‡e `yB nv`x‡mi gv‡S mvgÄm¨ weavb n‡q hvq Ges bdj
nR¡ Av`vq Kivi c~‡e© dih nR¡ Av`vq Kiv DËg cÖgvwYZ nq, hw`I Av‡M bdj nR¡
Av`vq Kiv Rv‡qh|Ó496
†h e¨w³i Dci nR¡ dih nqwb Ges nR¡ Av`vqI K‡iwb Zvi gva¨‡g e`jx nR¡ Kiv‡bv
Rv‡qh| Z‡e G‡¶‡Î c~‡e© nR¡ Av`vq K‡i‡Q Ggb e¨w³‡K cvVv‡bvB DËg, hv
ïeiægvi nv`xm †_‡KI Aby‡gq| Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. ïeiægvi nv`x‡mi G e¨vL¨vB
K‡i‡Qb| ZvQvov †h e¨w³ BwZc~‡e© nR¡ Av`vq K‡iwb Zvi e`jx nR¡ mnxn nIqv
m¤ú‡K© Bgvg‡`i gZwe‡iva iv‡q‡Q| ZvB Ggb e¨w³‡K e`jx n‡R¡ cvVv‡bv gvKiƒ‡n
Zvbhxnx n‡e|497
e`jx n‡R¡ Bnivg
hv‡K e`jx n‡R¡ cvVv‡bv n‡”Q †m g~j e¨w³i cÖwZwbwa ev DwKj| Zvi Kg©¶gZv g~j
e¨w³i mv‡_ m¤ú„³| myZivs g~j e¨w³i Dci ïay nR¡ dih n‡j †mI ïay nR¡ Kivi
my‡hvM cv‡e| n‡R¡i mv‡_ Igiv Kivi my‡hvM †bB| KviY Zv‡K †cªiY Kiv n‡q‡Q
Ôn‡R¡ dihÕ Av`vq Kivi Rb¨| GLb hw` n‡R¡i mv‡_ IgivI K‡i †bq Zvn‡j hvi
cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Q Zv‡K Agvb¨ Kiv n‡e| Avi G‡¶‡Î DwKj Zvi gyAvw°‡ji Av‡`‡ki
wecixZ KvR Ki‡j Zv DKx‡ji Dci eZ©v‡e, gyAvw°‡ji Dci bq| myZivs Zvi nR¡I
wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K n‡e, g~j e¨w³i c¶ †_‡K bq|
AbygwZ e¨ZxZ wKivb nR¡ Ki‡j GKw`K †_‡K e`jx n‡R¡i Av‡`k`vZvi ûKzg Agvb¨
Kiv nq| Avi Zv n‡jv ïay nR¡ bv K‡i nR¡ I Igiv DfqwU Kiv| Avi ZvgvËz nR¡
Ki‡j `yÕw`K †_‡K ûKzg Agvb¨ Kiv nq| K. Igiv Kiv| L. gxKvZ wfbœ nIqv A_©vr
Av‡g‡ii Rb¨ gxKvZ wQ‡jv wbR GjvKv wn‡m‡e| Avi ZvgvËz Ki‡j Zvi gxKvZ n‡e
g°vevmxi gxKvZ| ZvB Bgvg Avey BDmyd I gynv¤§v` ivn. Bm‡Znmv‡bi wfwˇZ
wKiv‡bi AbygwZ w`‡jI ZvgvËzi AbygwZ †`b bv|498 †gvUK_v, Av‡g‡ii ûKz‡gi
Agvb¨ Kivq Zv‡K wb‡Ri m¤ú~Y© LiP enb Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avjøvgv kvgmyj AvB¤§v mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺄﻣﻮر ﺑﺈﻧﻔﺎق‬:‫ ﻳﻘﻮل‬...‫وﻟﻮ ﻗﺮن ﻣﻊ اﻟﺤﺞ ﻋﻤﺮة ﻛﺎن ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎ ﺿﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻘﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﻜﺎن ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ‬،‫ وﺳﻔﺮﻩ ﻫﺬا ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﺮد ﻟﻠﺤﺞ ﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺤﺞ واﻟﻌﻤﺮة ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻣﺠﺮد ﻟﻠﺤﺞ‬
.‫ﺗﻤﺘﻊ‬

496 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/148, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
497 dvZvIqv‡q inxwgqv: 8/129-130, hvKvwiqv eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`
498 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 4/218, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 e`jx nR¡: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 245
ÒAvey nvbxdv ivn. Gi wbKU Avw`ó e¨w³ n‡R¡i mv‡_ Igiv Ki‡j Av‡`k`vZvi
weiæ×vPiYKvix mve¨¯Í nIqvq Av‡`k`vZvi m¤ú` wdwi‡q w`‡Z n‡e... (KviY
wn‡m‡e) wZwb e‡jb, †m (Avw`ó e¨w³) ïayg n‡R¡i md‡i m¤ú` e¨q Kivi e¨vcv‡i
Av‡`k`vZvi c¶ †_‡K Avw`ó| A_P Zvi GB mdi ïay n‡R¡i Rb¨ nqwb eis nR¡ I
Igivn Df‡qi Rb¨ n‡q‡Q| myZivs †m weiæ×vPiYKvix mve¨¯Í n‡e| †hgwbfv‡e †m
(Av‡`k`vZvi AbygwZ Qvov) n‡R¡ ZvgvËz Ki‡j weiæ×vPiYKvix MY¨ nq|Ó499
Z‡e †h‡nZz welqwU IKvjvZ I cÖwZwbwa‡Z¡i ZvB Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Î †hfv‡e g~j gyAvw°j
AbygwZ w`‡j IqvKxj Zvi wb‡`©k ewnf©yZ KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb gyAvw°j hw`
DwKj‡K †Kv_vI cvVvq Avi DwKj Zvi wbR¯^ Kv‡Ri AbygwZ †bq, Zvn‡j gyAvw°‡ji
Kv‡Ri mv‡_ mv‡_ wb‡Ri KvRI Ki‡Z cvi‡e| n‡R¡i †¶‡ÎI Ggb nIqv DwPZ| G
w`‡K j¶¨ K‡i A‡bK dKxn e‡j‡Qb, hw` Av‡gi Z_v e`jx n‡R¡i Av‡`k`vZv
AbygwZ †`q, Zvn‡j e`jx nR¡Kvix ZvgvËz ev wKivb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Avjøvgv Be‡b
byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﺎﻹذن اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪم‬...‫وأراد ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮان دم اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﻜﻴﻦ ﻗﺮاﻧﺎ ﻛﺎن أو ﺗﻤﺘﻌﺎ‬
ÒAveyj evivKvZ ivn. Gi ‫`( دم اﻟﻘﺮان‬gyj wKivb) ejvi Øviv D‡Ïk¨ H `g hv `yB
Bev`Z Z_v nR¡ I Igivn GK‡Î Rgv Kivi Kvi‡Y IqvwRe nq (Z_v `‡g †kvKi)|
Zv wKivb nR¡ †nvK ev ZvgvËz| Z‡e wKivb ev ZvgvËz nR¡ Kivi Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv Av‡gi
Z_v e`jx n‡R¡i Av‡`k`vZvi c¶ †_‡K c~e© †_‡K AbygwZ _vK‡Z n‡e|Ó500
gydZx‡q wn›` gydZx †Kdv‡qZzjøvn †`njfx ivn.I GK cÖ‡kœi Dˇi G gZwU mg©_b
K‡i wek` Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb|501
gydZx kdx ivn. G gZwU `jx‡ji w`K †_‡K AMÖMY¨ e‡j Gfv‡e dvqmvjv w`‡q‡Qb,
Òe`jx n‡R¡i g‡a¨ wb‡`©k`vZvi AbygwZ‡Z †Kivb I ZvgvËz nR¡ DfqwU Rv‡qh nIqvUv
hw`I `jxj wn‡m‡e AMÖMY¨ Ges cieZ©x dKxn‡`i g‡a¨ ÔjyeveÕ MÖšK ’ vi Ges Zvi
wUKv ÔûeveÕ BZ¨vw` wKZv‡e G gZ‡KB MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †gvjøv Avjx Kvix ivn.
Ges nhiZ ikx` Avngv` Mv½ynx ivn. Gi dvZvIqv Gi wecixZ| Zuviv wb‡`©k`vZvi
AbygwZi ciI ZvgvËz nR¡ Rv‡qh e‡jb bv, †h‡nZz dih Av`v‡qi welqwU LyeB
ms‡e`bkxj| G Rb¨ mveavbZv LyeB Riæix| h_vm¤¢e e`jx n‡R¡ ÔBdiv`Õ ev ÔwKivbÕ
Ki‡e, ZvgvËz Ki‡e bv| wKš‘ eZ©gvb hvgvbvq nR¡ I Igiv Kivi e¨vcv‡i mvaviY
gvbyl ¯^vaxb bq| hLb B”Qv ZLbB †h‡Z cv‡i bv| `xN© Bnivg †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ B”Qv
Ki‡j n‡R¡i w`b¸‡jvi KvQvKvwQ mg‡q †h‡Z cv‡i bv| me e¨vcv‡iB iv‡óªi K‡Vvi

499 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 4/155, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

500 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 3/117, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
501 `ªóe¨, †Kdv‡qZzj gydZx: 4/345-346, `viæj BkvAvZ, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
246 `imyj wdK&n
eva¨evaKZv i‡q‡Q| myZivs hw` †Kv‡bv e`jx nR¡Kvix n‡R¡ A‡bK c~‡e©B †h‡Z eva¨
nq Ges `xN© Bniv‡gi Kvi‡Y Bniv‡gi IqvwRe cvj‡b gykwKj †`Lv †`q, Zvn‡j Zvi
Rb¨ ZvgvËz n‡R¡i AeKvk i‡q‡Q|Ó502
Av‡gi Z_v n‡R¡ †cÖiYKvixi Rb¨ DwPZ Avw`ó e¨w³i wbKU nR¡ Av`vq msµvšÍ
hveZxq welq †mvc`© Kiv| hv‡Z †m c~Y© ¯^vaxbZvi mv‡_ m¤ú` e¨q Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges
cÖ‡qvR‡b †Kivb ev ZvgvËz nR¡ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
،‫ ﺣﺞ ﻋﻨﻲ ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﻤﺎل ﻛﻴﻒ ﺷﺌﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﻴﻘﻮل‬،‫ﻳﻔﻮض اﻷﻣﺮ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺄﻣﻮر‬
ّ ‫إذا أﻣﺮ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﺄن ﺣﺞ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن‬
.‫ وإن ﺷﺌﺖ ﻗﺮاﻧﺎ‬،‫إن ﺷﺌﺖ ﺣﺠﺔ وإن ﺷﺌﺖ ﺣﺠﺔ وﻋﻤﺮة‬
ÒhLb KvD‡K e`jx n‡R¡ cvVv‡e ZLb †cÖi‡Ki DwPZ n‡R¡i c~Y© welqwU gvgy‡ii
(Avw`ó e¨w³) Kv‡Q †mvc`© Kiv| †m Gfv‡e ej‡e †h, G m¤ú` Øviv Avgvi c¶ †_‡K
†hfv‡e PvI nR¡ K‡iv| hw` PvI Bdiv` nR¡ Av`vq K‡iv| A_ev PvB‡j ZvgvËz nR¡
ev †Kivb nR¡I Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi|Ó503

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
`viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix 08 iRe 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
13 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

502 RvIqvwniæj wdnK: 4/225, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

503 dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb: 1/187, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 247

e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g Ô`gÕ Av`vq

gvIjvbv Cmv web Avãyj Kv‡`i ei¸bv
nR¡ Bmjv‡gi AKvU¨ weavbmg~‡ni Ab¨Zg | mvg_©¨evb Avjøvn †cÖwgK‡`i †cÖg
wb‡e`‡bi Ab¨Zg gva¨g G nR¡| kixÔAv‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ weav‡bi b¨vq nR¡ m¤úv`b
KiviI i‡q‡Q mywbw`©ó wbqg Kvbyb| †m¸‡jv e¨wZµg n‡j nR¡ ÎæwUhy³ n‡q hvq|
Avi wKQz ÎæwU †_‡K gy³ nIqvi Rb¨ `g ev Kzievbx wb‡e`‡bi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q|
hv Ô`‡g wRbvqvZÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| GQvovI i‡q‡Q Ô`‡g †kvKiÕ, Ô`‡g BnmviÕ I Ô`‡g
ZvZvIDÕ (‫ |)ﺗﻄﻮع‬Zb¥‡a¨ wKQz `g wbw`©ó mg‡q Av`v‡qi kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb Ô`‡g
ZvgvËzÕ I Ô`‡g wKivbÕ| G¸‡jv 10g Zvwi‡L gv_v gyÛv‡bvi Av‡MB Av`vq Ki‡Z nq|
Z‡e nvRxiv A‡bK mgq mnRZvi Rb¨ DwKj ev cÖwZwbwai gva¨‡g Av`vq K‡i
_v‡Kb| Avevi eZ©gv‡b A‡b‡K e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡gI Av`vq K‡ib|
GwU evn¨ `„wó‡Z myweavRbK g‡b n‡jI †mLv‡b m„wó nq bvbv ai‡bi mgm¨v| G RvZxq
wKQz mgm¨v I Zvi kiÔqx mgvavb wb‡gœ †ck Kiv n‡jv|
`kg wRjn‡R¡ nvRxM‡Yi Kvh©vejx
10B wRjn‡R¡ nvRxM‡Yi PviwU KvR Ki‡Z nq| h_v:
1. ig‡q wRgvi ev K¼i wb‡¶c|
2. Kzievbx ev `g (hv †Kivb nR¡ I ZvgvËz nR¡ Av`vqKvix‡`i Dci IqvwRe nq|504)
3. gv_v gyÛv‡bv ev Pzj QvUv|
4. ZvIqv‡d whqviZ| (ZvIqv‡d whqviZ 11, 12 Zvwi‡LI Kiv hvq)
AvnKvg PZzô‡qi gv‡S ZviZx‡ei ûKzg
iwg, `g I njK GB wZbwU Kv‡Ri gv‡S ZviZxe ev avivewnKZv i¶v Kiv IqvwRe|
B”QvK…Z, fy‡j A_ev bv †R‡b †Q‡o w`‡j Ô`gÕ IqvwRe n‡e| †Kbbv ivm~jyjøvn
Ges mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi nR¡ Av`vq c×wZ †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, Zuviv D³ ûKzg¸‡jv
avivevwnKfv‡e Av`vq K‡i‡Qb| nhiZ Avbvm Be‡b gv‡jK ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ ﺧﺬ وأﺷﺎر إﻟﻰ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ أﺗﻰ ﺑﻤﻨﺰﻟﻪ ﺑﻤﻨﻰ وﻧﺤﺮ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻠﺤﻼق‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺗﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﺮة ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻫﺎ‬،‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
أﺗﻰ ﻣﻨًﺎ‬
.‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ اﻷﻳﻤﻦ ﺛﻢ اﻷﻳﺴﺮ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn wgbvq AvMgb K‡i ÔRvgivqÕ Avm‡jb| Gici cv_i wb‡¶c K‡i
504 ÔwKivb nR¡Õ n‡jv, GKB Bniv‡g Igiv I nR¡ Av`vq Kiv| Gfv‡e nR¡ Av`vqKvix‡K kiÔqx cwifvlvq ÔKvwibÕ e‡j|
Avi ÔZvgvËz nR¡Õ n‡jv Igiv GKB md‡i, wfbœ wfbœ Bniv‡g Av`vq Kiv| Gfv‡e nR¡ I Igiv Av`vqKvix‡K kiÔqx
cwifvlvq ÔgyZvgvwËÕ e‡j|
248 `imyj wdK&n
wgbvq Aew¯’Z Zvey‡Z †M‡jb Ges Kzievbx Ki‡jb| AZtci gv_v gyÐbKvix‡K ¯^xq
gv_v †gvevi‡Ki Wvb cvk¦© AZtci evg cv‡k¦©i w`‡K Bkviv K‡i gyÐv‡bvi wb‡`©k
w`‡jb|Ó505
D³ nv`x‡m bexRx wb‡R avivevwnKfv‡e igx, Kzievbx I njK K‡i‡Qb| Avi
mvnvevivI ivm~j Gi Abyiƒc Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Qb| nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh.
†_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
506
.‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪم ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺠﻪ أو أﺧﺮﻩ ﻓﻠﻴﻬﺮق ﻟﺬﻟﻚ دﻣﺎ‬
Ò†h e¨w³ n‡R¡i †Kv‡bv KvR AvM-wcQ K‡i †d‡j‡Q †m †hb GKwU `g †`q (cï
R‡en K‡i)|Ó507

Bgvg Zvnvex ivn. G e¨vcv‡i ¶µ´ ³²±°¯ AvqvZ ØvivI `jxj †ck
K‡ib| wZwb e‡jb, GB Avqv‡Z n‡R¡i D‡Ï‡k¨ MgbKvix †h e¨w³i mvg‡b Ggb
cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó n‡q‡Q †h, nR¡ Kiv m¤¢e bv, Zv‡K gv_v gyÛv‡bvi Av‡M Kzievbxi
wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q| Zvi Kzievbxi c~‡e© gv_v gyÛv‡bv me©m¤§wZµ‡g bvRv‡qh| Avi
gyÛv‡j Zvi Dci `g IqvwRe| `‡g Bnmv‡ii †¶‡Î hw` GB ûKzg nq, Zvn‡j Ab¨vb¨
†¶‡ÎI Ggb ûKzg nIqvUvB evÃbxq| Z_v †KivbKvixi Rb¨ Kzievbxi c~‡e© gv_v
gyÛv‡bv `yi¯Í bq| ZvB ZviZxe f½ n‡q †M‡j `g IqvwRe n‡e|508
Bgvg mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪ دم‬،‫ أو ﺣﻠﻖ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺬﺑﺢ‬،‫ أو ﻧﺤﺮ اﻟﻘﺎرن ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺮﻣﻲ‬،‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪم ﻧﺴﻜﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﻚ ﻛﺄن ﺣﻠﻖ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺮﻣﻲ‬
.‫ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òhw` †KD n‡R¡i †Kv‡bv ûKzg Ab¨wUi Av‡M K‡i †d‡j †hgb, cv_i wb‡¶‡ci Av‡M
gv_v gywÛ‡q †dj‡jv, A_ev †KivbKvix gv_v gyÛv‡bvi Av‡M Kzievbx K‡i †dj‡jv
A_ev R‡e‡ni Av‡M gv_v gywÛ‡q †dj‡jv, Zvn‡j Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi g‡Z
`g IqvwRe n‡e|Ó509
GLv‡b e¨vcKfv‡e ZviZxe f½ Kivi Dci `g IqvwRe nIqvi ûKzg †`qv n‡q‡Q|

505 mnxn gymwjg: 1/421 gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

‫ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﻦ‬٤٤٨-٤٤٧/۱ «‫( واﻟﻄﺤﺎوي ﻓﻲ »ﺷﺮح ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ اﻵﺛﺎر‬۱٥۱٨٨) «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ‬506
‫ ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ وﻗﺎل‬:‫ وﻗﺪ روى ﻟﻪ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻨﻪ‬،‫ رﺟﺎل اﻹﺳﻨﺎد ﺛﻘﺎت ﻏﻴﺮ إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ‬،‫اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ وﻫﺬا ﺳﻨﺪ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫اﺑﻦ اﻟﺘﺮﻛﻤﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻤﺎردﻳﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺠﻮﻫﺮ اﻟﻨﻘﻲ« )ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ واﻟﺘﺄﺧﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻨﺤﺮ( ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ‬
.‫( ﻋﻦ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬۱٥۱٨٩) «‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮط ﻣﺴﻠﻢ واﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ‬
507 kiû gvÔAvwbj AvQvi: 1/447-448, gvKZvevZzj Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`, fviZ
508 kiû gvÔAvwbj AvQvi: 1/448, gvKZvevZzj Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`, fviZ
509 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 4/41-42 `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g `g Av`vq 249
Avi ZviZxe dv‡m` nIqvi welqwU e¨vcK| myZivs B”QvK…Zfv‡e †nvK ev fz‡j wKsev
bv †R‡b †nvK|
nu¨v, †h nv`x‡m Gi e¨wZµg weavb cvIqv hvq, A_©vr AvnKvg PZzô‡qi gv‡S ZviZxe
bv _vK‡jI mgm¨v bv nIqvi K_v †evSv hvq Zv e¨vL¨vmv‡c¶| †hgb nhiZ Avãyjøvn
Be‡b Avgi ivwh. m~‡Î ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ذﺑﺤﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ أن أرﻣﻲ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺎذﺑﺢ وﻻ ﺣﺮج‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﺣﻠﻘﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ أن أذﺑﺢ‬:‫أﺗﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
رﺟﻞ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
.‫ارم وﻻ ﺣﺮج‬
ÒGK e¨w³ (nR¡ PjvKv‡j) bexRx Gi Kv‡Q G‡m ej‡jv, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avwg
†Zv R‡e‡ni c~‡e©B gv_v gyÛb K‡i †d‡jwQ, GLb Kx Ki‡ev? bexRx ej‡jb,
wVK Av‡Q †Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bB| GLb R‡en K‡i bvI| †jvKwU Avevi ej‡jv, Avwg
†Zv K¼i wb‡¶‡ci c~‡e©B Kzievbx K‡i †d‡jwQ| Gevi Kx Ki‡ev? bexRx Zv‡K
510
ej‡jb, wVK Av‡Q †Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bB, Zzwg GLb K¼i wb‡¶c K‡iv|Ó
GB nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨v: D³ nv`x‡m R‰bK mvnvex DwjøwLZ ZviZx‡ei e¨wZµg Kivi ci
wePwjZ n‡q bexRx †K cÖkœ Ki‡j bexRx Zv‡K e‡j‡Qb, G‡Z †Kv‡bv mgm¨v
†bB| nv`x‡mi evwn¨K e³e¨ †_‡K ZviZxe IqvwRe bv nIqv cÖZxqgvb nq| A_P
welqwU Giƒc bq| Avjøvgv AvBbx ivn. G e¨vcv‡i Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi e¨vL¨v
Gfv‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ وﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻠﺰم ذﻟﻚ ﻧﻔﻲ‬،‫ أن اﻟﻤﺮاد ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮج اﻟﻤﻨﻔﻲ ﻫﻮ اﻹﺛﻢ‬،‫ﺛﻢ أﺟﺎب أﺑﻮ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺒﺎب وﻧﺤﻮﻩ‬
.‫اﻟﻔﺪﻳﺔ‬
ÒBgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. e‡jb, ‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬Ô†Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bBÕ Øviv bexRxi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv
†Kv‡bv ¸bvn n‡e bv| Z‡e Gi Øviv Ô`gÕ IqvwRe bv nIqvi K_v cÖgvwYZ nq bv|Ó511
ev¯Íe NUbv n‡jv ivm~jyjøvn Gi mv‡_ GUv wQ‡jv mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi cÖ_g n‡R¡i
my‡hvM| ZLbI ch©šÍ Zuviv n‡R¡i weavbvejx m¤ú‡K© h_v_© Ávb jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb|
ZvB ZviZxe f½ nIqvi ¸bvn Zz‡j †bqv n‡qwQ‡jv| Bgvg Zvnvex ivn. D³ AvqvZ
I nv`xm D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ أﻧﻪ أﺑﺎح ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻬﻢ‬،‫ﻓﺪل ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮﻧﺎ أﻧﻪ
إﻧﻤﺎ أﺳﻘﻂ اﻟﺤﺮج ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﻴﺎن‬
.‫ﻣﺒﺎح أن ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮا ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﺪ‬
ÒAvgv‡`i Av‡jvwPZ AvqvZ I nv`xm †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, bexRx KZ…©K
mvnvev‡q †Kivg ivwh. †_‡K ZviZxe cwicš’x nIqvi ¸bvn gvd KivUv fzjekZ

510 mnxn gymwjg: 1/422, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

511 Dg`vZzj Kvix: 13/130, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
250 `imyj wdK&n
nIqvi Kvi‡Y wQ‡jv| Gi A_© GB bq †h, bexRx Zv‡`i Rb¨ cieZ©x mg‡q
512
Hw”QKfv‡e Ggb Kiv ˆea K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|Ó Gi mg_©‡b wZwb wb‡gœv³ †iIqv‡qZ
†ck K‡ib| nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ وﻋﻦ رﺟﻞ ذﺑﺢ ﻗﺒﻞ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬:‫ﺳﺌﻞ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
وﻫﻮ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﺮﺗﻴﻦ ﻋﻦ رﺟﻞ ﺣﻠﻖ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﺮﻣﻲ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ‬،‫ وﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮا ﻣﻨﺎﺳﻜﻜﻢ‬،‫ ﻋﺒﺎد اﻟﻠﻪ! وﺿﻊ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﺮج واﻟﻀﻴﻖ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫أن ﻳﺮﻣﻲ‬
.‫ﻣﻦ دﻳﻨﻜﻢ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn †K `yB ÔRvgvivÕi gvSLv‡b Ae¯’vbKv‡j GK e¨w³ m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám
Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv, †h cv_i wb‡¶‡ci Av‡M gv_v gyÛb K‡iwQ‡jv| wZwb ej‡jb, Zv‡Z
†Kv‡bv ¸bvn †bB| Av‡iK e¨w³ m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv †h cv_i wb‡¶‡ci
Av‡MB R‡en K‡iwQ‡jv| wZwb ej‡jb, G‡Z †Kv‡bv ¸bvn †bB| Zvici wZwb ej‡jb
Ô†n Avjøvni ev›`viv! Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv ¸bvn I msKxY©Zv gvd K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| †Zvgiv
†Zvgv‡`i n‡R¡i AvnKvg¸‡jv wk‡L bvI| †Kbbv GUv †Zvgv‡`i Øx‡bi Ask|Ó513
†evSv †M‡jv ‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬Ô‡Kvb mgm¨v †bBÕ ûKzg me©`vi Rb¨ wQ‡jv bv| ‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬m¤^wjZ
nv`x‡mi eY©bvKvix mvnvex Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. KZ©„K `g IqvwRe nIqvi dvZIqv
cÖ`vb KivB Gi ¯úó cÖgvY| Bgvg Zvnvex ivn. Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi ‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬m¤^wjZ
†iIqv‡qZ D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
‫ وﻫﻮ أﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ روى ﻋﻦ‬،‫ﻓﻬﺬا اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪم ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺴﻜﻪ أو أﺧﺮﻩ دﻣﺎ‬
‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬:‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
أﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺌﻞ ﻳﻮﻣﺌﺬ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲء ﻗﺪم وﻻ أﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ أﻣﺮ اﻟﺤﺞ إﻻ ﻗﺎل‬
،‫ إذ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻮﺟﺐ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ دﻣﺎ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ أﺧﺮوا ﻣﻤﺎ ذﻛﺮﻧﺎ‬،‫ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻹﺑﺎﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪﻣﻮا‬
- ‫وﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ أن اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻓﻌﻠﻮا ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻬﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻜﻢ‬
.‫ ﻓﻌﺬرﻫﻢ ﺑﺠﻬﻠﻬﻢ وأﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺄﻧﻒ أن ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻤﻮا ﻣﻨﺎﺳﻜﻬﻢ‬-‫ﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻫﻮ؟‬...
ÒnhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. n‡R¡i KvR¸‡jv‡K AvM wcQKvixi Dci Ô`gÕ IqvwRe
K‡i‡Qb| Avi wZwb n‡jb ‫ ﻻ ﺣﺮج‬m¤^wjZ nv`x‡mi ivexM‡Yi Ab¨Zg| myZivs Zuvi
g‡Z Ô†Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bBÕ K_vi A_© GB bq †h, mvnvev‡q †KivgK…Z ZviZxe cwicš’x
KvR¸‡jv‡K Av‡M c‡i Kiv ˆea| †Kbbv wZwb wb‡RB †m‡¶‡Î `g IqvwRe nIqvi
ûKzg w`‡q‡Qb| eis Zvi wbKU Ô‡Kvb mgm¨v †bBÕ K_vwUi gg© n‡jv Zviv AvnKvg
m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bv nIqvi Kvi‡Y bexRx Gi mv‡_ nR¡ KivKv‡j GgbwU
K‡iwQ‡jb| ...†hgbwU Zuv‡`i cÖkœ Kiv †_‡K eySv hvq| ZvB †Zv bexRx Zuv‡`i
AÁZvRwbZ IRi‡K MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Ges bZzbfv‡e n‡R¡i AvnKvg †kLvi wb‡`©k

512 kiû gvÔAvwbj AvQvi: 1/447, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

513 kiû gvÔAvwbj AvQvi: 1/448, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g `g Av`vq 251
w`‡q‡Qb|Ó514
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K cÖZxqgvb n‡jv †h, ¸bvn bv nIqvUv Ô`gÕ IqvwRe nIqvi
cwicš’x bq| A_©vr ¸bvn bv n‡jB Ô`gÕ IqvwRe n‡e bv- Ggb bq|
†hgb Bnivg Ae¯’vq Kv‡iv hw` Kó ev †ivM e¨vwai Kvi‡Y gv_v gyÐv‡Z nq, Zvn‡j
GUv KziAv‡bi ¯úófvl¨ g‡Z ˆea| G‡Z †Kv‡bv ¸bvn †bB| Zv m‡Ë¡I Gi cwie‡Z©
Ô`gÕ BZ¨vw` †`qv me©m¤§wZµ‡g IqvwRe| †hgb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-

Å ÄàÁÀ¿¾½¼»º  ¹¸¶µ´ ³² ±°¯

ÈÇÆ
ÒAvi †Zvgiv ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ gv_v gyÐb Ki‡e bv, hZ¶Y bv Kzievbx h_v¯’v‡b †cuŠ‡Q
hv‡e| Z‡e †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Amy¯’ n‡q co‡e wKsev gv_vq †Kv‡bv Amyweav _vK‡e,
(Zviv Gi Av‡MB gv_v gyÛv‡Z cvi‡e|) ZLb Zvi cwie‡Z© †ivhv ivL‡e wKsev m`Kv
†`‡e A_ev Kzievbx Ki‡e|Ó515
Abyiƒcfv‡e GLv‡b ¸bvn bv nIqv m‡Ë¡I Ô`gÕ IqvwRe nIqv wewPÎ wKQz bq| G Qvov
ivm~jyjøvn Gi †NvlYv ‫( ﺧﺬوا ﻋﻨﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﻜﻜﻢ‬Avgvi †_‡K †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i nR¡
Av`v‡qi c×wZ wk‡L iv‡Lv) †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, n‡R¡i †¶‡Î ivm~jyjøvn Gi
AvgjB Av`k© I AbymiYxq| Avi mvnvev‡q †Kivg n‡R¡i md‡i me©`v j¶¨ †i‡L‡Qb
ivm~‡ji Avg‡ji cÖwZB, hv GKvwaK nv`x‡m ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| ZvB n‡R¡i †¶‡Î ivm~‡ji
Avgj m¤^wjZ nv`xm AMÖMY¨ nIqvUvB AwaK †hŠw³K|
GLv‡b Av‡iKwU welq D‡jøL‡hvM¨, D³ mg‡q (we`vq n‡R¡) n‡R¡i AvnKvg m¤ú‡K©
AeMZ bv nIqv mg‡q Ihi wQ‡jv| wKš‘ cieZ©x mg‡q hLb AvnKvg we¯ÍvwiZ ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q, ZLb †_‡K Avi AÁZv Ihi wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e bv| ZvB Avey nvbxdv ivn.
AÁZvekZ ZviZxe f½ n‡jI Ô`gÕ IqvwRe nIqvi K_v e‡jb|
e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g Ô`gÕ Av`vq
†h‡nZz nvbvdx gvhnv‡e n‡R¡i weavb PZzô‡qi gv‡S avivevwnKZv i¶v Kiv IqvwRe|
Avi e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g hw` Ô`gÕ Av`vq Kiv nq, Zvn‡j n‡Z cv‡i †h, Zviv Ô`gÕ
Av`v‡q ÔnjKÕ ev ÔKmiÕ †_‡K wej¤^ K‡i †dj‡e| †m‡¶‡Î Av‡iKwU `g nvRxi Dci
IqvwRe n‡q hv‡e|
ZvB nvRx mv‡ne‡`i Rb¨ DwPZ n‡jv Zviv †hb wb‡Riv A_ev wb‡R‡`i c¶ †_‡K
cÖwZwbwa wbhy³ K‡i Ges wbw`©ó mg‡q Kzievbx Kivi Iqv`v †bq| hv‡Z †m wbw`©ó
514 kiû gvÔAvwbj AvQvi: 1/448, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
515 m~iv evKviv: 196
252 `imyj wdK&n
mg‡q Kzievbx Kivi ci nvRx mv‡ne Bnivg †_‡K gy³ n‡Z cv‡ib|
Avi weÁRb‡`i AwfÁZv n‡jv e¨vsK ev Kzievbxi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ cÖwZôv‡bi
`vwqZ¡kxjiv mgq gZ Ô`gÕ Av`vq K‡i bv; eis †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq 10 Zvwi‡Li
Kzievbx wZb Pvi w`b c‡i K‡i _v‡K| ZvB e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g Ô`gÕ Av`vq Kivi AeKvk
†bB| myZivs nvRx mv‡ne‡`i KZ©e¨ n‡jv e¨vsK ev Kzievbxi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ
cÖwZôv‡bi gva¨‡g Ô`gÕ Av`vq bv Kiv|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 08 iRe 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
11 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
 e¨vs‡Ki gva¨‡g `g Av`vq 253

Aa¨vq: wbKvn I
ZvjvK
254

msmv‡i ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

gvIjvbv Avãyj Iqv‡n` Uv½vBjx
cyiæl I bvix GKRb Ab¨R‡bi cwic~iK| `yÕRb wg‡jB GKwU msmvi M‡o I‡V|
msmv‡i cyiæ‡li cvkvcvwk bvixi Ae`vb Kg bq| Avi GKwU msmv‡i kvwšÍ I DbœwZ
Df‡qi cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡gB mvwaZ nq| ZvB GLv‡b G‡K Ac‡ii cÖwZ kÖ×vkxj I Zvi
mn‡hvMx n‡Z n‡e| Bmjvg †hfv‡e ¯^vgx‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q ¯¿xi cÖwZ Kj¨vYKvgx n‡Z|
ivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib-
.‫واﺳﺘﻮﺻﻮا ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺧﻴﺮا‬
Ò‡Zvgiv ¯¿x‡`i cÖwZ Kj¨vYKvgx nI|Ó516
Abyiƒc ¯¿x‡K Av‡`k w`‡q‡Q ¯^vgxi AbyMZ n‡Z Ges Zv‡K m¤§vb Ki‡Z| nhiZ
Av‡qkv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ وﻟﻮ ﻛﻨﺖ آﻣﺮا أﺣﺪا أن ﻳﺴﺠﺪ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻷﻣﺮت‬،‫ وأﻛﺮﻣﻮا أﺧﺎﻛﻢ‬،‫ ﻗﺎل اﻋﺒﺪوا رﺑﻜﻢ‬...
‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ وﻟﻮ أﻣﺮﻫﺎ أن ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﻞ أﺻﻔﺮ إﻟﻰ ﺟﺒﻞ أﺳﻮد وﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﻞ أﺳﻮد إﻟﻰ ﺟﺒﻞ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺮأة أن ﺗﺴﺠﺪ ﻟﺰوﺟﻬﺎ‬
517.‫أﺑﻴﺾ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ أن ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻪ‬

Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i i‡ei Bev`Z K‡iv Ges eo‡`i m¤§vb
K‡iv| hw` Avwg KvD‡K Kv‡iv wmR`v Kivi Av‡`k KiZvg, Zvn‡j ¯¿x‡K Zvi ¯^vgxi
wmR`v Kivi wb‡`©k w`Zvg| ¯^vgx hw` ¯¿x‡K njy` cvnvo †_‡K Kv‡jv cvnv‡o Ges
Kv‡jv cvnvo †_‡K mv`v cvnv‡o †Kv‡bv wRwbm ¯’vbvšÍi Kivi (A_©vr †Kv‡bv Kómva¨
Kv‡RiI) wb‡`©k †`q, ¯¿xi Rb¨ DwPZ Zv Kiv|Ó518
†gvUK_v msmv‡i GKRb ¯¿x wbw®Œq I wbðj m`m¨ bq, hvi Dcw¯’wZB ïay Kvg¨, Zvi
bv Av‡Q †Kv‡bv `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨, bv Av‡Q AwaKvi| eis ¯¿x msmv‡ii GKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
m`m¨ kixÔAv‡Z hvi `vq-`vwqZ¡ I wbwðZ AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| msmv‡i Zvi i‡q‡Q A‡bK
`vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨| e¶¨gvY cÖe‡Ü Zv‡`i wKQz `vwqZ¡ I KZ©‡e¨i Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv
n‡jv|
ivm~j Gi ¯¿xM‡Yi msmv‡i Kg©ZrciZv
nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. ÔBd‡KiÕ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb-
‫ ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ أﻣﺮا أﻛﺜﺮ‬:‫ ﻫﻞ رأﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻲء ﻳﺮﻳﺒﻚ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬:‫ وﺳﻞ اﻟﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﺗﺼﺪﻗﻚ ﻓﻘﺎل‬... ‫وأﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
516 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 4787
،‫ ﻓﻘﺪ روى ﻟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ« ﻣﻘﺮوﻧﺎ‬،‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ« واﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﻪ ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ« ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد رﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ إﻻ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ زﻳﺪ‬517
.‫وﺻﺤﺢ ﻟﻪ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬
518 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 24471, gyAvm&mvmvZzi wimvjvn; mybvby Bewb gvRvn: nv`xm bs 1852
 msmv‡i ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ 255
.‫ﻣﻦ أﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ اﻟﺴﻦ ﺗﻨﺎم ﻋﻦ ﻋﺠﻴﻦ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺄﺗﻲ اﻟﺪاﺟﻦ ﻓﺘﺄﻛﻠﻪ‬
ÒAvi Avjx ivwh. ej‡jb, `vmx‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb| †m mZ¨ ej‡e| ivm~jyjøvn
euvw`‡K ej‡jb, Zzwg wK Zvi gv‡S †`vlYxq †Kv‡bv welq †`‡L‡Qv? Dˇi †m ej‡jv,
Avwg ïay Zvi g‡a¨ G welqwU †c‡qwQ †h, †m Aí eq‡mi †g‡q nIqvq (cwiev‡ii
†jvK‡`i Rb¨ iæwU ˆZwii) Lvwgi †i‡L Nywg‡q †h‡Zv| d‡j QvMj G‡m Zv †L‡q
†dj‡Zv|Ó519
GQvovI ivm~jyjøvn wbR ¯¿x‡`i †L`gZ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Ges ZuvivI ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e
K‡i‡Qb| nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ إن ﺣﻴﻀﺘﻚ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬:‫ إﻧﻲ ﺣﺎﺋﺾ ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬،‫ﻗﺎل ﻟﻲ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻧﺎوﻟﻴﻨﻲ اﻟﺨﻤﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ‬
.‫ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪك‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Avgv‡K ej‡jb, gmwR` †_‡K Pv`iwU wb‡q G‡mv| Dˇi Avwg
ejjvg, Avwg †Zv nv‡qhMÖ¯Í| ivm~j ej‡jb, †Zvgvi nv‡qh †Zv †Zvgvi nv‡Z
520
†bB|Ó
wZwb wb‡Ri †L`gZ m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-
.‫أﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻮب اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺛﻢ أراﻩ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻘﻌﺔ أو ﺑﻘﻌﺎ‬
ÒwZwb ivm~j Gi Kvco †_‡K exh© ay‡Zb| Avi Kvc‡o Zvi `vM †`Lv †h‡Zv|Ó521
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb-
.‫ﻛﻨﺖ أﻃﻴﺐ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻴﻄﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺴﺎﺋﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﻀﺦ ﻃﻴﺒﺎ‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjøvn †K myMwÜ jvwM‡q w`Zvg| AZtci wZwb ¯¿x‡`i Kv‡Q †h‡Zb|
Gici mKv‡j Bnivg ci‡Zb| Avi cvwb Øviv myMwÜ ay‡q wb‡Zb|Ó522
Bgvg Be‡b Kz`vgv ivn. msmv‡i ¯¿xi †L`gZ wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb-
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ! ﻫﻠﻤﻲ‬،‫ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ! أﻃﻌﻤﻴﻨﺎ‬،‫ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ! اﺳﻘﻴﻨﺎ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫وﻗﺪ ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﻧﺴﺎءﻩ ﺑﺨﺪﻣﺘﻪ‬
.‫ واﺷﺤﺬي ﺑﻬﺎ ﺑﺤﺠﺮ‬،‫اﻟﺸﻔﺮة‬
Òivm~jyjøvn wbR ¯¿x‡`i‡K †L`g‡Zi ûKzg w`‡Zb, ej‡Zb †n Av‡qkv! Lvevi
Av‡bv, cvwb cvb KivI, Qzwi Av‡bv Ges cv_i w`‡q avi `vI|Ó523
Avjøvgv Avey hvniv ivn. ivm~jyjøvn Gi ¯¿x‡`i msmv‡i Kg©ZrciZv m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-

519 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 4141

520 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 450
521 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 225
522 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 259
523 Avj gyMbx: 8/130, `viæj KzZzwej Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
256 `imyj wdK&n
‫ وﻧﺴﺎء اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻤﺎ ورد ﻣﻦ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﺼﺤﺎح اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺜﺒﺖ أن ﻧﺴﺎء اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻛﻦ ﻳﻘﻤﻦ ﺑﺨﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺖ‬
‫ وإن اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﺬي ﻻ‬.‫ واﻟﻌﺮف ﺟﺎر ﺑﺄن ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ﺑﻤﺜﻞ زوﺟﻬﺎ واﺟﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬... ،‫ﻛﻦ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
،‫ ﻓﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻴﺖ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺎرج‬،‫ إن ﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ﺧﺎدم ﻟﻪ‬
ٍ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺪل ﻓﻲ‬
.‫ﺷﻲء‬
ÒA‡bK mnxn nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, hvi Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq, ivm~jyjøvn Gi weweMY
N‡ivqv KvR-Kg© AvÄvg w`‡Zb Ges mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi ¯¿xMYI GgbB Ki‡Zb| Ges
¯^vgxi Ae¯’v Abyhvqx ¯¿xi Dci †L`gZ Avek¨K nIqvi cÖPjbI i‡q‡Q| GQvov †h
e¨w³i †Kv‡bv Lv‡`g †bB, N‡ii KvRKg© hw` ¯¿xi `vwq‡Z¡ bv †`Iqv nq, Zvn‡j ¯^vgxi
`vwq‡Z¡ Avm‡e| ZLb †m N‡ii KvR Ki‡e, Avevi evB‡ii KvRKg©I Ki‡e| GUv
†Kv‡bvfv‡eB Bbmvd n‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó524
gwnjv mvnvex‡`i msmv‡i Kg©ZrciZv
BwZnvm I nv`x‡mi wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K cwi®‹vi nq †h, ZLb Avi‡ei ¯^vfvweK
wbqg wQ‡jv, †h N‡i c~e© †_‡K Lv‡`g †bB †m N‡i ¯¿xB N‡ivqv KvR AvÄvg w`‡Zv|
wb‡gœ gwnjv mvnvex‡`i mvsmvwiK ZrciZvi Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv| Be‡b Avex
gyjvBKv ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻮﺳﻪ‬ُ ‫َﺳ‬
ُ ‫ وﻛﻨﺖ أ‬،‫ وﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ ﻓﺮس‬،‫ ﻛﻨﺖ أﺧﺪم اﻟﺰﺑﻴﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺖ‬:‫أن أﺳﻤﺎء ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬
‫ ﺛﻢ إﻧﻬﺎ أﺻﺎﺑﺖ ﺧﺎدﻣﺎ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ وأﺳﻮﺳﻪ‬،‫ وأﻗﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ ﻛﻨﺖ أﺣﺘﺶ ﻟﻪ‬،‫ﺷﻲء أﺷﺪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﻔﺮس‬
.‫ ﻛﻔﺘﻨﻲ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﻔﺮس ﻓﺄﻟﻘﺖ ﻋﻨﻲ ﻣﺌﻮﻧﺘﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬.‫ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺳﺒﻲ ﻓﺄﻋﻄﺎﻫﺎ ﺧﺎدﻣﺎ‬
ÒAvmgv ivwh. e‡jb, †hvev‡qi ivwh. Gi N‡ivqv KvRKg© AvwgB AvÄvg w`Zvg| Zuvi
GKwU †Nvov wQ‡jv| Gi cwiPh©v KiZvg| Avi Avgvi Rb¨ †Nvovi jvjb-cvjb
me©vwaK KóKi KvR wQ‡jv| Avwg Zvi Rb¨ Nvm msMÖn KiZvg Ges Zvi cwiPh©v
KiZvg| AZtci GKRb Lv‡`‡gi e¨e¯’v n‡jv, hv ivm~jyjøvn Zuv‡K w`‡qwQ‡jb|
wZwb e‡jb, ZLb Lv‡`g †Nvov jvjb-cvj‡bi KvR AvÄvg w`‡Zv, Avwg †Nvov jvjb-
cvj‡bi `vwqZ¡ †_‡K gy³ njvg|Ó525
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. nhiZ dv‡Zgv ivwh. Gi msmv‡ii KvR m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-
‫ أﻻ أﺣﺪﺛﻚ ﻋﻨﻲ وﻋﻦ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ أﺣﺐ‬:  ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻲ ﻋﻠﻲ‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ أﻋﺒﺪ ﻗﺎل‬
،‫ واﺳﺘﻘﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺤﺮﻫﺎ‬،‫ إﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﺮت ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺣﻰ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪﻫﺎ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﺑﻠﻰ‬:‫أﻫﻠﻪ إﻟﻴﻪ؟ ﻗﻠﺖ‬
‫ ﻟﻮ أﺗﻴﺖ أﺑﺎك ﻓﺴﺄﻟﺘﻴﻪ ﺧﺎدﻣﺎ! ﻓﺄﺗﺘﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺗﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺧﺪم‬،‫وﻛﻨﺴﺖ اﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻏﺒﺮت ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻬﺎ‬
‫ أﻧﺎ أﺣﺪﺛﻚ ﻳﺎ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻚ؟ ﻓﺴﻜﺘﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﺄﺗﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺪ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ﻓﻮﺟﺪت ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺣﺪاﺛﺎ ﻓﺮﺟﻌﺖ‬

524 Avj AvnIqvjym kvLwmq¨vn: 166, `viæj wdKwij Avivex, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
525 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 4051
 msmv‡i ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ 257
‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ أن ﺟﺎءك‬،‫ وﺣﻤﻠﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺛﺮت ﻓﻲ ﻧﺤﺮﻫﺎ‬،‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! ﺟﺮت ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺣﻰ ﺣﺘﻰ أﺛﺮت ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫ اﺗﻘﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ! وأدي ﻓﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬.‫اﻟﺨﺪم أﻣﺮﺗﻬﺎ أن ﺗﺄﺗﻴﻚ ﻓﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻚ ﺧﺎدﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ وﻛﺒﺮي‬،‫ واﺣﻤﺪي ﺛﻼﺛﺎ وﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﺈذا أﺧﺬت ﻣﻀﺠﻌﻚ ﻓﺴﺒﺤﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ وﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ‬،‫ واﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ أﻫﻠﻚ‬،‫رﺑﻚ‬

‫ رﺿﻴﺖ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ وﻋﻦ رﺳﻮﻟﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬.‫ ﻓﺘﻠﻚ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎدم‬،‫أرﺑﻌﺎ وﺛﻼﺛﻴﻦ‬
ÒBe‡b AvÔey` eY©bv K‡ib, Avgv‡K Avjx ivwh. e‡jb, Avwg wK †Zvgv‡K Avgvi I
ivm~jyjøvn Gi wcÖqZg Kb¨v dv‡Zgv ivwh. Gi `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb m¤ú‡K© wKQz ej‡ev?
Avwg ejjvg, Aek¨B ejyb| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, hvZvi PvKv Nywi‡q dv‡Zgvi nv‡Z
`vM c‡o wM‡qwQ‡jv| cvwb fwZ© gkK enb K‡i ey‡Ki Dcwifv‡M `vM n‡q wM‡qwQj|
Ni Svo– w`‡q Kvco gqjv n‡q wM‡qwQj| AZtci ivm~jyjøvn Gi Kv‡Q wKQz
Lv‡`g Avm‡jv| ZLb Avwg dv‡Zgv‡K ejjvg, Zzwg †Zvgvi wcZvi Kv‡Q wM‡q GKwU
Lv‡`g PvI| wZwb ivm~jyjøvn Gi Kv‡Q G‡m †Kv‡bv mgm¨v †`‡L P‡j †M‡jb|
c‡ii w`b ivm~jyjøvn Zuvi Kv‡Q Dcw¯’Z n‡q ej‡jb, Kx cÖ‡qvR‡b wM‡qwQ‡j?
dv‡Zgv ivwh. K_v bv e‡j Pzc _vK‡jb| Avwg ejjvg, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avcbvi Kv‡Q
welqwU AvwgB Zz‡j aiwQ| hvZvi PvKv Nywi‡q Zuvi nv‡Z `vM c‡o †M‡Q| cvwbi gkK
enb K‡i ey‡Ki DcwifvM `vM n‡q †M‡Q| AZtci hLb Avcbvi wbKU (Mbxg‡Zi)
Lv‡`g Avm‡jv, Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg, †m †hb Avcbvi Kv‡Q wM‡q GKwU Lv‡`g Pvq|
†h Zuvi Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv K‡i Zuvi Kv‡Ri Kó jvNe Ki‡e| ivm~jyjøvn ej‡jb,
†n dv‡Zgv! Avjøvn‡K fq K‡iv, †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki dih Av`vq K‡iv I N‡ivqv
KvR¸‡jv m¤úv`b K‡iv| iv‡Z hLb weQvbvq hv‡e, ZLb †ZwÎkevi myenvbvjøvn,
†ZwÎkevi Avjnvg`ywjjøvn I †PŠwÎkevi Avjøvû AvKevi, †gvU GKkZ Zvmexn cvV
Kiv †Zvgvi Rb¨ Lv‡`‡gi †P‡q DËg| dv‡Zgv ivwh. ej‡jb, Avwg Avjøvn I Zuvi
ivm~j Gi cÖwZ mš‘ó|Ó526
nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avgi ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! ﺷﻲء‬:‫ ﻣﺎ ﻫﺬا ﻳﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ! ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ﻣﺮ ﺑﻲ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
وأﻧﺎ أﻃﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﺋﻄﺎ ﻟﻲ أﻧﺎ وأﻣﻲ‬
.‫ اﻷﻣﺮ أﺳﺮع ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬.‫أﺻﻠﺤﻪ‬
ÒAvwg I Avgvi gv fv½v †`qvj †givgZ KiwQjvg| ZLb ivm~jyjøvn Avgvi cvk
w`‡q AwZµg KiwQ‡jb| †`‡L wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, †n Avãjøvn! Kx Ki‡Qv? Avwg ejjvg,
†n Avjøvni ivm~j! fv½v †`qvj †givgZ KiwQ| G K_v ï‡b ivm~jyjøvn ej‡jb,
g„Zz¨ Zvi †P‡q AwaK `ªæZ Avm‡e|Ó 527

526 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 5063

527 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 4/2224 nv`xm bs 5235
258 `imyj wdK&n
msmvi †MvQv‡bv weev‡ni D‡Ï‡k¨i AšÍf©y³
weevn A_©B GKwU msmvi Mov| bvbvwea KvR I `vwq‡Z¡i mgš^‡qB GKwU msmvi Pj‡Z
_v‡K| GLv‡b GKRb wbw®Œq _vK‡e Avi GKRb †L‡U gi‡e Zv LyeB †egvbvb| GQvov
¯¿x‡K Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv ¯^vgxi wgiv‡Qi Ask w`‡q GUv eywS‡q‡Qb †h, ¯¿x wbw®Œq bq|
¯^vgxi msmv‡i Zvui i‡q‡Q e¨vcK f~wgKv| Ni-evwo †MvQv‡bv, †Q‡j-mšÍvb jvjb-
cvjb, Av‡iv A‡bK `vwqZ¡| ZvB †Zv `ya cvb Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ Ab¨Î e¨e¯’v bv n‡j ev
¯^vgxi mvg_©¨ bv _vK‡j ¯¿xi Rb¨ wbR mšÍvb‡K `ya cvb Kiv‡bv I jvjb-cvjb Kiv
IqvwRe n‡q hvq| Z‡e meB n‡Z n‡e mv‡a¨i mxgv‡iLvi gv‡S| wb‡gœ G wel‡q wKQz
Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv| Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﻓﺎﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺬي ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎس راع وﻫﻮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮل‬،‫ أﻻ ﻛﻠﻜﻢ راع وﻛﻠﻜﻢ ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻋﻦ رﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
‫ واﻟﻤﺮأة راﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ زوﺟﻬﺎ ووﻟﺪﻩ‬،‫ واﻟﺮﺟﻞ راع ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻋﻦ رﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬،‫ﻋﻦ رﻋﻴﺘﻪ‬
.‫وﻫﻲ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib, †Zvgiv mK‡j `vwqZ¡kxj| †Zvgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K wbR
`vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv n‡e| myZivs kvmK `vwqZ¡kxj, †m Zvi `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K©
wRÁvwmZ n‡e| Avi e¨w³ Zvi cwiev‡ii `vwqZ¡kxj, †m Zvi `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K©
wRÁvwmZ n‡e| Avi ¯¿x Avcb ¯^vgxi N‡ivqv welq I mšÍv‡bi `vwqZ¡kxj, †m wbR
`vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© wRÁvwmZ n‡e|Ó528
m¤ú` †ndvRZ I Ab¨vb¨ mvsmvwiK KvR AvÄvg †`qvI weev‡ni GKwU eo D‡Ïk¨,
hv nv`xm †_‡KI eySv hvq| Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫إﻧﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ أول اﻹﺳﻼم ﻛﺎن اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻳﻘﺪم اﻟﺒﻠﺪة ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻓﻴﺘﺰوج اﻟﻤﺮأة ﺑﻘﺪر ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮى‬

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_
^
]
\
[﴿ ‫أﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﺘﺤﻔﻆ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﻋﻪ وﺗﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻪ ﺷﻴﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ إذا ﻧﺰﻟﺖ اﻵﻳﺔ‬
﴾a
ÒBmjv‡gi m~PbvKv‡j ÔwbKv‡n gyZÔAvÕ ˆea wQ‡jv| †Kbbv †jv‡Kiv AcwiwPZ `~i
GjvKvq md‡i †h‡Zv| AZtci †mLv‡b †Kv‡bv gwnjv‡K weevn K‡i Zvi Kv‡Q
_vK‡Zv| Avi ¯¿x Zvi m¤ú` †ndvRZ Ki‡Zv Ges Zvi Rb¨ Lvevi cÖ¯Z ‘ Ki‡Zv|
Ae‡k‡l hLb G AvqvZ bvwhj nq, ÔZ‡e Zv‡`i ¯¿x I Awab¯Í euvw`iv e¨ZxZÕ (ZLb
†_‡K ÔgyZÔAv weevnÕ wbwl× n‡q hvq)|Ó529
GB nv`xm †_‡K cwi®‹vi nq †h, weev‡ni D‡Ïk¨ ïay Pvwn`v c~iY bq| eis ¯¿x
msmvi‡K AvM‡j ivL‡e GUvI weev‡ni D‡Ï‡k¨i AšÍf©y³| hv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh.

528 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 6605

529 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 3/280, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
 msmv‡i ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ 259
†_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺰوﺟﺖ أﺑﻜﺮا أم ﺛﻴﺒﺎ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫ﻏﺰوت ﻣﻊ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
وﻗﺪ ﻛﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل ﻟﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ اﺳﺘﺄذﻧﺘﻪ‬
‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! ﺗﻮﻓﻲ واﻟﺪي أو‬:‫ أﻓﻼ ﺗﺰوﺟﺖ ﺑﻜﺮا ﺗﻼﻋﺒﻚ وﺗﻼﻋﺒﻬﺎ؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻟﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﺗﺰوﺟﺖ ﺛﻴﺒﺎ‬:‫ﻟﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﺘﺰوﺟﺖ ﺛﻴﺒﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺆدﺑﻬﻦ وﻻ ﺗﻘﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﻜﺮﻫﺖ أن أﺗﺰوج إﻟﻴﻬﻦ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﻦ‬،‫اﺳﺘﺸﻬﺪ وﻟﻲ أﺧﻮات ﺻﻐﺎر‬
‫ ﻓﺒﺎرك اﻟﻠﻪ ﻟﻚ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬.‫ ﻓﺄﺣﺒﺒﺖ أن أﺟﻲء ﺑﺎﻣﺮأة ﺗﻘﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ وﺗﺼﻠﺤﻬﻦ‬:‫ وﻓﻲ رواﻳﺔ‬.‫ﻟﺘﻘﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ وﺗﺆدﺑﻬﻦ‬
.‫ أﺻﺒﺖ‬:‫ اﻣﺮأة ﺗﻘﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻦ وﺗﻤﺸﻄﻬﻦ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ وﻓﻲ رواﻳﺔ أﺧﺮى‬.‫أو ﻗﺎل ﻟﻲ ﺧﻴﺮا‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjøvn Gi mv‡_ hy× Awfhv‡b wM‡qwQjvg| †divi c‡_ ivm~jyjøvn
Gi Kv‡Q N‡i †divi AbygwZ PvB‡j wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Zzwg wK Ôev‡Kiv †g‡qÕ
(Kzgvix) weevn K‡i‡Qv bv ÔmvBwqev gwnjvÕ (weaev)? Dˇi ejjvg, ÔmvBwqev gwnjvÕ
weevn K‡iwQ| ivm~jyjøvn ej‡jb Ôev‡Kiv †g‡qÕ †Kb weevn Kiwb? Zvn‡j †Zvgiv
ci¯úi A‡bK Av‡gv` d~wZ© Ki‡Z cvi‡Z| Avwg ejjvg, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! Avgvi
wcZv-gvZv Avgvi †QvU fvB-†evb †i‡L knx` n‡q †M‡Qb| G Ae¯’vq Zv‡`i Abyiƒc
ev‡Kiv †g‡q weevn Ki‡Z AcQ›` Kwi| †Kbbv †m Zv‡`i wkóvPvi I †`Lv‡kvbv Ki‡Z
cvi‡e bv| ZvB mvBwqev gwnjv weevn K‡iwQ, †hb †m Zv‡`i †`Lv‡kvbv I wkóvPvi
†kLv‡Z cv‡i|Ó530
G nv`x‡m nhiZ Rv‡ei ivwh. Gi eY©bv Av‡iv †Rviv‡jv| Zv‡K ivm~jyjøvn wR‡Ám
K‡i‡Qb, ev‡Kiv †Kb weevn Kiwb| wZwb Dˇi e‡j‡Qb, Avgvi N‡i KvR Av‡Q, †QvU
†evb Av‡Q, Zv‡`i †`Lv-†Kv‡bvv I Ab¨vb¨ KvR AvÄvg w`‡Z n‡e| Avi GRb¨
ZvjvKcÖvß †g‡q weevn KivB mgxPxb wQ‡jv| ivm~jyjøvn Zvi mg_©b K‡i Avi
wKQz e‡jbwb| eis eiKZ I Kj¨v‡Yi `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb|
GLvb †_‡K `ywU welq †evSv hvq| 1. N‡ii KvR ¯¿x Ki‡e- GUvB ¯^vfvweK wbqg
wQ‡jv| G welqwU Av‡iv cwi®‹vi n‡e hw` Avgiv nhiZ Lv`xRv ivwh. Gi Kg©ZrciZv
j¶¨ Kwi| ivm~jyjøvn hLb DuPz cvnv‡oi ¸nvq (Mv‡i †niv) Bev`ZiZ _vK‡Zb,
nhiZ Lv`xRv ivwh. gwnjv n‡qI cvnv‡o D‡V ¯^vgxi Lvevi †cuŠQv‡bvi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Zb|
ejvevûj¨ †h, ivm~jyjøvn wbR ¯¿xi cÖwZ Ryjyg K‡ibwb| Lv`xRv ivwh. hv K‡i‡Qb
Zv †mB cwi‡e‡ki mvgÄm¨ c~Y© wQ‡jv| 2. ivm~jyjøvn Zvi K_v ï‡b mg_©b
K‡i‡Qb G‡ZB welqwU Av‡iv †Rviv‡jv nq †h, gwnjv‡`i ¯^vgxi evwoi KvR Ki‡Z
n‡e| G ai‡bi Av‡jvPbv Av‡iv A‡bK nv`x‡m i‡q‡Q| G Qvov †Kv_vI Ggb cvIqv
hvq bv †h, ivm~j ¯¿x †_‡K KvR wb‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb, ev mvg_©¨ bv _vKv m‡Ë¡I
KvD‡K ¯¿xi Rb¨ Lv‡`g ivLvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| Avi ivm~‡ji Ni G‡¶‡Î DËg Av`k©|

530 mnxn gymwjg: 2/525, nv`xm bs 715

260 `imyj wdK&n
wdK&‡ni Av‡jv‡K
c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbvi ci G welqwU cwi®‹vi Kiv Avek¨K n‡q `uvovq †h, wdK‡ni wKZv‡e
¯¿xi Rb¨ Lv‡`g wbhy³ Kivi †h K_v Av‡Q Zv †Kv‡bv ch©v‡qi? G wel‡q wKQz Av‡jvPbv
†ck Kiv n‡jv|
Lv‡`g †`qvi K_v g~jZ bvdvKvi (†Lvi‡cvk) mv‡_ m¤ú„³| bvdvKv †hfv‡e ¯¿xi
cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi LvwZ‡i Kiv nq, wVK Lv‡`‡gi e¨e¯’vI Zvi AšÍf©y³| ZvI hw`
mvg_©¨ _v‡K| †hgb Kz`yixi wKQz bymLv‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
.‫ﺗﻔﺮض ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺰوج إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﺆﺳﺮا ﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺧﺎدﻣﻬﺎ‬
Òmvg_©¨evb ¯^vgxi Dci ¯¿xi Lv‡`‡gi fiY-‡cvlY †`qvI Avek¨K|Ó531
Bgvg Avjx Avj-gviMxbvbx ivn. Gi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
.‫ إذ ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ‬،‫ وﻫﺬا ﻣﻦ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬،‫وﺟﻬﻪ أن ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ واﺟﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
Ò¯¿x‡K Zvi cÖ‡qvRb cwigvY wRwbm †`qv ¯^vgxi Dci Avek¨K| Avi Lv‡`g
cÖ‡qvR‡bi AšÍf©y³| †Kbbv ¯¿xi (†L`g‡Zi) Rb¨ Lv‡`g Avek¨K|Ó532
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb-
‫ وﻫﻮ رواﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ‬،‫ إﺷﺎرة إﻟﻰ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻧﻔﻘﺔ اﻟﺨﺎدم ﻋﻨﺪ إﻋﺴﺎرﻩ‬،‫ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﺆﺳﺮا‬:‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬
‫ وﻫﻲ ﻗﺪ‬،‫ ﻷن اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﺴﺮ أدﻧﻰ اﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ‬،‫ ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫ وﻫﻮ اﻷﺻﺢ‬،‫ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬
.‫ﺗﻜﺘﻔﻲ ﺑﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬
ÒwKZv‡e ‫( إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﺆﺳﺮا‬hw` ¯^vgx mvg_©¨evb nq) G K_v e‡j G w`‡K Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q
†h, `wi`ª ¯^vgxi Dci ¯¿xi Lv‡`‡gi fiY-‡cvlY Avek¨K bq| GwU Avey nvbxdv ivn.
Gi m~‡Î nvmvb ivn. Gi eY©bv| GwU AwaK mnxn| Z‡e gynv¤§` ivn. Gi wecixZ
e‡j‡Qb| weï×Zg g‡Zi KviY n‡jv, `wi`ª ¯^vgxi Dci ïay cÖ‡qvRbxq wRwbm¸‡jv
†`qv Avek¨K, hv bv n‡jB bq| Avi Lv‡`‡gi welqwU Ggb bq|Ó533
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Ae¯’v‡f‡` ¯¿xi †Lvi‡cv‡ki K‡qKwU ¯Íi wbY©q nq| †evSvi
myweav‡_© K‡qK ¯Í‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
K. ‫ﻛﻔﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ واﺟﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
L. ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬
M. ‫إﻳﺴﺎر وإﻋﺴﺎر‬

531 †n`vqv: 2/439, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

532 †n`vqv: 2/439, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
533 †n`vqv: 2/439, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 msmv‡i ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ 261
wb‡gœ cÖ‡Z¨KwU m¤ú‡K© wKQz Av‡jvPbv †ck Kiv n‡jv|
K. weevn Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ ¯¿xi wKdvqvZ ev cÖ‡qvRbxq welqvw`i AvÄvg †`qv| A_©vr
GKRb ¯¿x ¯^vgxi evwo‡Z _vKvi Rb¨ hv cÖ‡qvRb Zvi e¨e¯’v Kiv ¯^vgxi `vwqZ¡| Z‡e
GUv e¨vcK bq| eis cwi‡ek I mvg‡_©¨i mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡LB Gi `vq-`vwqZ¡ eZ©v‡e|
†h †h cwi‡e‡ki, Zvi Rb¨ H cwi‡ek wn‡m‡e wKdvqvZ (h‡_ó cwigvY)| Ggwbfv‡e
¯^vgxi mvg_©¨ †hgb wKdvqvZ (h‡_ó cwigvY †Lvi‡cvk) †ZgbB n‡e| myZivs †Kv‡bv
gwnjv wcZvi N‡i wb‡R KvR Ki‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡j Lv‡`g wbhy³ Kiv Zvi wKdvqv‡Zi
gv‡S kvwgj n‡e bv Ges wb‡Ri nK wn‡m‡e †m Zv `vweI Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
Avi †h gwnjv wbR evwo‡Z wb‡R KvR bv K‡i Lv‡`‡gi gva¨‡g KvR Kiv Af¨¯Í, †m
mvg_©¨evb ¯^vgxi wbKU Lv‡`g `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. dKxn& Aveyj jvBQ mvgviKv›`x ivn. Gi Dw³ D‡jøL
K‡i‡Qb-
‫ أو ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﺦ واﻟﺨﺒﺰ‬،‫وذﻛﺮ اﻟﻔﻘﻴﻪ أﺑﻮ اﻟﻠﻴﺚ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ أن ﻫﺬا إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﺔ‬
.‫ ﺗﺠﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ وﻫﻲ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺗﺨﺪم ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻲ ذﻟﻚ‬.‫ﺑﻨﺎت اﻷﺷﺮاف‬
ÒGB ûKzg (¯¿x‡K ¯^vgxi N‡ii †L`g‡Z eva¨ bv Kiv) cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e hw` ¯¿x Ggb Amy¯’
nq †h, ivbœv BZ¨vw` Ki‡Z A¶g, ev AwfRvZ cwiev‡ii †g‡q| Avi hw` †m KvRKg©
Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m Ggb cwiev‡ii †g‡q, †h wb‡Ri KvR wb‡R K‡i Af¨¯Í, ZLb
Zv‡K (¯^vgxi) †L`g‡Zi R‡b¨ eva¨ Kiv n‡e|Ó534
dvZvIqv‡q IqvjIqvwjwRq¨vn MÖ‡š’ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q-
،‫ أو اﻟﺨﺒﺰ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻄﺒﺦ‬،‫ إن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﺮأة ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﺔ‬،‫ أو ﺗﺨﺒﺰ‬،‫اﻣﺮأة ﻣﻨﻜﻮﺣﺔ أو ﻣﻌﺘﺪة أﺑﺖ أن ﺗﻄﺒﺦ‬
‫ وأﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬.‫ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﻨﺘﺔ‬،‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻲ اﻟﺰوج أن ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻤﻦ ﻳﻄﺒﺦ وﻳﺨﺒﺰ‬،‫أو ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺎت اﻷﺷﺮاف‬
‫ ﻓﺈن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺟﻌﻞ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻫﻲ داﺧﻞ‬.‫ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﻨﺘﺔ‬،‫ وﻫﻲ ﻣﻤﻦ ﻳﺨﺪم ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﺒﺮ‬،‫ﺗﻘﺪر‬
.‫ ﻛﺬا ﻗﻀﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ وﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬.‫اﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺮأة‬
ÒweevwnZv ev ÔBÏZÕ cvjbiZ ¯¿x ivbœv-evbœv Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡jv, GLb Zvi hw`
Ggb †Kv‡bv mgm¨v _v‡K †h, ivbœv BZ¨vw` Ki‡Z cv‡i bv ev †m AwfRvZ cwiev‡ii
†g‡q, Zvn‡j ¯^vgxi Dci ivbœvi Rb¨ Lv‡`‡gi e¨e¯’v Kiv Avek¨K| †Kbbv ¯¿x (G
wel‡q) †R`x bq| Avi hw` †m KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m Ggb cwiev‡ii †g‡q †h,
wb‡Ri KvR wb‡R K‡i, Zvn‡j Zv‡K (KvR Kivi Rb¨) eva¨ Kiv n‡e, †Kbbv †m
wR`Kvix| Gi KviY n‡jv, ivmyjjøvn& N‡ivqv KvR K‡g©i `vwqZ¡ ¯¿xi Dci

534 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 3/430, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/548, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv,
†`Ie›`; `ªóe¨, dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb: 1/254, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
262 `imyj wdK&n
w`‡q‡Qb| nhiZ Avjx I dv‡Zgv ivwh. Gi gv‡S Gfv‡eB dvqmvjv K‡i‡Qb|Ó535
ZvB G K_v ejv mwVK bq †h, weevn Ki‡jB ¯¿xi Rb¨ Lv‡`‡gi e¨e¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
†Kv‡bv ¯¿x hw` g‡b K‡i †h, msmv‡i Zvi †Kv‡bv `vwqZ¡ †bB| †m ïay ¯^vgxi Rb¨ cÖ¯Z
‘
n‡q _vK‡e| Avi evwK me KvR ¯^vgx AvÄvg w`‡e, Zvn‡j G‡Kev‡iB A‡hŠw³K|
¯^vgxi Dci †hfv‡e bvdvKv (†Lvi‡cvk) IqvwRe, myKbvi (evm¯’vb) e¨e¯’vI IqvwRe|
wKš‘ Avgv‡`i cwi‡e‡k ¯¿xi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ iæ‡gi e¨e¯’v Kivi cÖPjb †bB| mvaviYZ
¯^vgx ¯¿x GK N‡iB Ae¯’vb K‡i _v‡K| ZvB ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq †Kv‡bv ¯¿x wfbœ Kvgivi
`vwe K‡i bv| KviY mevB G K_v ey‡S wb‡q‡Q †h, G cwi‡e‡k myKbv Gfv‡eB| Avi
GUvB Zvi Rb¨ ÔwKdvqvZÕ ev h‡_ó cwigvY| wKdvqv‡Zi Av‡jvPbv Av‡iv cwi®‹vi
n‡e, hw` Avgiv H AvqvZ¸‡jv †`wL †hLv‡b bvdvKv I myKbv‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv n‡q‡Q
Di‡di536 mv‡_|
L. ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬: A‡bK Avqv‡ZB ¯¿xi bvdvKv I myKbvi Av‡jvPbv‡K Di‡di mv‡_ m¤ú„³
Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb Avjøvn& ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 mlk jih
ÒAvi cyiæl‡`i †hgb ¯¿x‡`i Dci AwaKvi i‡q‡Q, †Zgb ¯¿x‡`iI AwaKvi i‡q‡Q
cyiæl‡`i Dci wbqgvbyhvqx|Ó537
G Avqv‡Z ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬kã e¨envi K‡i ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ m„wó n‡Z cv‡i Ggb me mgm¨vi
mgvavb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| ejv n‡”Q †h, AwaKvi cÖPwjZ b¨vqbxwZi wfwˇZ n‡Z n‡e|
KviY ÔgviƒdÕ k‡ãi A_© Ggb welq hv kixÔAvZ Abyhvqx bvRv‡qh bq Ges mvaviY
wbqg I cÖPwjZ cÖ_v Abyhvqx hv‡Z †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Rei`w¯Í ev evovevwo †bB|
mviK_v, ¯^vgx-¯¿xi AwaKvi msi¶Y Ges Zv‡`i‡K Kó †_‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ wbqg
Rvwi KivB h‡_ó bq, eis cÖ_v cÖPj‡bi cÖwZI j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e| cÖ_v Abyhvqx Kv‡iv
AvPiY A‡b¨i c‡¶ K‡ói KviY n‡j Zv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| hw` †KviAv‡bi G wk¶vi
Dci Avgj Kiv nq, Zvn‡j N‡i evB‡i mviv we‡k¦ kvwšÍ k„•Ljv weivR Ki‡e Ges
SMov-weev` wPiZ‡i eÜ n‡q hv‡e|538
M. ÔwKdvqvZÕ I ÔDidÕ Df‡qi w`‡K j¶¨ †i‡L dzKvnv‡q †Kivg bvdvKv‡K `yB fv‡M
fvM K‡i _v‡Kb| m”Qj e¨w³i bdKv Ges Am”Qj e¨w³i bvdvKv| mevi Rb¨ GK
cÖKv‡ii bvdvKv bq| †h †h ai‡bi cwievi I cwi‡e‡k _v‡K †m †m ai‡bi bvdvKvB

535 Avj dvZvIqvj IqvjIqvwjwRq¨v: 1/385, gvKZvev‡q `viæj AvBgvb

536 †h mgv‡R ev †`‡k †m Av‡Q †mLvbKvi my¯’ iæwPevb e¨w³‡`i gv‡S †h welqwUi ¯^vfvweK cÖPjb i‡q‡Q Zv‡KB
ÔDidÕ e‡j|
537 m~iv evKviv: 229
538 msw¶ß evsjv gvÔAv‡idzj KziAvb: 122-124; Zvdmxiæj gvbvi: 2/305
 msmv‡i ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ 263
cv‡e| ZvI ¯^vgxi mvg‡_©¨i mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L| †gvUK_v mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv ch©vq †bB hv
envj ivL‡ZB n‡e| eis ¯^vgx ¯¿x, cwievi I cwi‡ek me wKQz j¶¨ †i‡LB bvdvKv,
myKbv wba©vwiZ n‡e| Avi Lv‡`‡gi welq †Zv bvdvKvi mv‡_B m¤ú„³|
†gvUK_v, ¯^vgxi `vwqZ¡ cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i fiY-‡cvl‡Yi e¨e¯’v Kiv| ¯¿xi `vwqZ¡
¯^vgxi mn‡hvwMZv Kiv| N‡ivqv KvR AvÄvg †`qv| nu¨v, ¯^vgx hw` m”Qj I mvg_©¨evb
nq Ges ¯¿x wcÎvj‡q Lv‡`‡gi mn‡hvwMZv wb‡Z Af¨¯Í nq, Zvn‡j ¯^vgxi KZ©e¨ n‡jv
Zvi Rb¨ Lv‡`‡gi e¨e¯’v Kiv| Avi me©ve¯’vq cÖwZ Kv‡R _vK‡e Bbmvd I DËg
Av`k©| cwi‡k‡l Avjøvgv Avãyj nvwg` gvngy` Zngvh ivn. Gi e³e¨ D‡jøL Kiv
n‡jv|
‫ ﻓﺘﺤﻀﺮﻟﻪ‬،‫ وأن ﺗﺴﻌﻲ ﻟﺘﺄﻣﻴﻦ راﺣﺔ زوﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ‬،‫وﻣﻦ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺰوﺟﺔ ﻟﺰوﺟﻬﺎ أن ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺄﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﺎﻟﺰوج ﻣﻜﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬.‫ وﺗﺮﺗﺐ ﻣﺘﺎﻋﻪ إﻟﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬،‫ وﺗﻐﺴﻞ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ وﺗﻨﺘﻈﻢ‬،‫ ﻫﻜﺬا ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺰوﺟﻴﻦ‬.‫ واﻟﻤﺮأة ﻣﻜﻠﻔﺔ ﺑﺄﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻓﻲ داﺧﻠﻪ‬.‫واﻻﻛﺘﺴﺎب ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺒﻴﺖ‬
.‫ وإﻻ ﻓﺴﺪ اﻟﺤﺎل ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬،‫ﻣﻌﻴﺸﺘﻬﻤﺎ‬
ÒGUvI ¯¿x ¯^vgxi AvbyM‡Z¨i AšÍf©y³ †h, †m N‡ii wewfbœ KvRKg© m¤úv`b Ki‡e Ges
N‡i ¯^vgxi Avivg Av‡q‡ki Rb¨ †Póv Ki‡e| Zvi Lvevi cÖ¯Z ‘ Ki‡e| Kvco cwi®‹vi
Ki‡e| AvmevecÎ ¸wQ‡q ivL‡e| GQvov N‡ii Ab¨vb¨ KvR AvÄvg w`‡e| evB‡ii
KvRKg© I DcvR©‡bi `vwqZ¡ ¯^vgxi Ges N‡ivqv KvRK‡g©i `vwqZ¡ ¯¿xi| Gfv‡eB ¯^vgx-
¯¿xi cvi¯úvwiK mn‡hvwMZv cwic~Y© n‡e I Zv‡`i `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb my›`i I myLx n‡e|
Gi e¨wZµg n‡j Zv‡`i gv‡S wek„•Ljv I AkvwšÍ weivR Ki‡e|Ó539

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
14 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

539 Avj wdK&ûj nvbvdx dx QvIwenxj Rv`x`: 2/136

264

ZvjvK I wW‡fv‡m©i kiÔqx weavb

gvIjvbv KvDmviæÏxb PKwiqv
Bmjvg GKwU c~Y©v½ Øxb I Rxeb e¨e¯’v| Gi Ab¨Zg †mŠ›`h© I ˆewkó¨mg~n n‡jv-
Bmjvg gvby‡li ¯^fve I Pvwn`v‡K m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c A¯^xKvi K‡i bv; eis Zv‡K wbqš¿Y
K‡i| ZvB Bmjvg Ab¨vb¨ weav‡bi gZ Zvjv‡Ki †¶‡ÎI AZ¨šÍ fvimvg¨c~Y© c_
Aej¤^b K‡i‡Q| GKw`‡K †hgb ˆea cš’vq ¯^fveRvZ Pvwn`v c~iY Kivi e¨e¯’v
wn‡m‡e weev‡ni weavb †i‡L‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K GB Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi A‰ea cš’v e¨wfPvi‡K
K‡Vvifv‡e wb‡la K‡i‡Q| KL‡bv KL‡bv msmvi Rxe‡b ¯^vgx-¯¿xi AvšÍwiK m¤ú‡K©
dvUj m„wó nIqvUvI wewPÎ wKQz bq, ZvB ˆeevwnK m¤úK© envj ivLvi Dci h‡_ó
Drmvn cÖ`vb Ki‡jI GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡b †i‡L‡Q Zvjv‡Ki weavb|
Bmjv‡g Zvjv‡Ki Ae¯’vb
†h‡nZz bvix-cyiæ‡li ˆeevwnK m¤ú‡K©i Dci †MvUv gvbeRvwZi Aw¯ÍZ¡ wbf©ikxj, ZvB
m¤¢ve¨ †h †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q GgbwK cÖ‡qvR‡b e¨w³¯^v_© wemR©b w`‡q n‡jI Bmjvg ¯^vgx-
¯¿xi `v¤úZ¨ m¤úK© I cvwievwiK eÜb i¶v Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡q‡Q| ¶z`ª ¶z`ª K_vi
Kvi‡Y G eÜb wQbœ nIqv Bmjv‡g KL‡bv Kvg¨ bq| wKš‘ A‡bK mgq Ae¯’v Ggb
¸iæZi AvKvi aviY K‡i †h, weevn envj ivLvi †Kv‡bv Dcvq _v‡K bv| eis Df‡qi
Rxeb n‡q c‡o `ywe©mn, wZ³ I welv³| ZLb ev¯ÍeZvi Awbevh© cÖ‡qvR‡b Bmjvg
weevn we‡”Q` Z_v Zvjv‡Ki Aby‡gv`b w`‡q‡Q| myZivs Zvjv‡Ki weavb cÖYq‡bi
gva¨‡g Bmjvg Kv‡iv Dci Ryjyg K‡iwb eis gvbweK AwaKvi mywbwðZ K‡i‡Q|
Zvjv‡Ki AwaKvi Kvi I †Kb?
bvix-cyiæl Dfq‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb Avjøvn| Df‡qi we‡eK, eyw× I †hvM¨Zv m¤^‡Ü
GKgvÎ wZwbB c~Y©iƒ‡c AeMZ| wZwb Df‡qi g‡a¨ ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi ¶gZv w`‡q‡Qb
¯^vgx‡K; ¯¿x‡K bq| Avi Gi †cQ‡b Aek¨B i‡q‡Q wnKgZ ev M~pinm¨, Zv gvby‡li
†evaMg¨ bvI n‡Z cv‡i| ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, ÔbvixRvwZ m„wóMZfv‡e `ye©j †gav
m¤úbœÕ| GQvov Av‡eM ZvwoZ nIqvq wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y bvix ¯^fveMZ `ye©j| ZvB SuywKc~Y©
†Kv‡bv wm×všÍ †bqvi fvi Zvi Dci †Q‡o bv †`qvB hyw³hy³| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ ﻻ ﺧﺘﺼ ــﺎﺻ ــﻬﻦ ﺑﻨﻘﺼ ــﺎن اﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬،‫ وﻣﻨﻬﺎ أي ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺎﺳ ــﻨﻪ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﺪ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل دون اﻟﻨﺴ ــﺎء‬:‫ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬
.‫ وﻧﻘﺼﺎن اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬،‫وﻏﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﻬﻮى‬
ÒØxb I we‡eK eyw×i Am¤ú~Y©Zv I KzcÖe„wËi Avwa‡K¨i Kvi‡Y ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK †`qvi
¶gZv Ac©Y bv K‡i ¯^vgxi nv‡Z Ac©Y Kiv †kªq I AwaK hyw³hy³|Ó540

540 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 4/429, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 ZvjvK I wW‡fv‡m©i kiÔqx weavb 265
AwaKš‘ KziAvb cv‡K Zvjv‡Ki weavb m¤^wjZ AvqvZmg~‡n Zvjv‡Ki m‡¤^vab ¯^vgxi
w`‡K Kiv n‡q‡Q; ¯¿xi w`‡K bq| Bikv` n‡”Q-
 gfedcb a`
ÒAvi hw` Zviv (cyiæ‡liv) ZvjvK †`qvi msKí K‡i Z‡e Avjøvn †Zv me©‡kªvZv,
me©Á|Ó541
Ab¨Î Bikv` n‡q‡Q-
 KJI HGFEDCBA
ÒhLb †Zvgiv ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK `vI Ges Zviv ÔBÏZÕ c~wZ©i wbKUeZ©x nq ZLb †Zvgiv
nq h_vwewa Zv‡`i‡K †i‡L w`‡e A_ev wewagZ gy³ K‡i †`‡e|Ó542
D³ AvqvZØqmn KziAv‡bi wewfbœ Avqv‡Z543 ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi ¶gZvi wel‡q ïaygvÎ
cyiæl‡K m‡¤^vab Kiv n‡q‡Q| ¯¿x ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv w`‡K Kiv nqwb| ZvB ¯¿x ev †Kv‡bv
†kªYxi ZvjvK †`qvi †Kv‡bv cÖkœB Av‡m bv| ZvjvK †`qvi ¶gZv ev AwaKvi GKgvÎ
¯^vgxi|
ZvjvKc~e© KiYxq I ZvjvK †`qvi c×wZ
ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi c×wZ‡Z Bmjvg AZ¨šÍ mZK©Zvg~jK gvbweK cš’v Aej¤^b K‡i‡Q
Ges cy‡iv cÖwµqvq Dfq c‡¶i ïfeyw×i D`‡qi Ges cybivq `v¤úZ¨ m¤ú‡K© wd‡i
Avmvi my‡hvM †i‡L‡Q| KziAv‡b Bikv` n‡”Q-
c b a `_ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X
srq ponmlk     ji h gfed
 e dc   ba `_~}| {z   yxwvut
Ò†Zvgiv ¯¿x‡`i g‡a¨ hv‡`i Aeva¨Zvi Avk¼v K‡iv Zv‡`i‡K m`yc‡`k `vI, Zvici
Zv‡`i kh¨v eR©b K‡iv Ges Zv‡`i‡K cÖnvi K‡iv (hv mxgvwZwi³ n‡e bv)| hw` G‡Z
Zviv †Zvgv‡`i AbyMZ nq Z‡e Zv‡`i weiæ‡× †Kv‡bv c_ A‡š^lY K‡iv bv| wbðqB
Avjøvn gnvb, †kªô| Avi Zv‡`i Df‡qi g‡a¨ we‡iva Avk¼v Ki‡j †Zvgiv ¯^vgxi
cwievi n‡Z GKRb I ¯¿xi cwievi n‡Z GKRb mvwjm wbhy³ Ki‡e| Zviv Df‡q
wb®úwË PvB‡j Avjøvn Zv‡`i g‡a¨ gxgvsmvi AbyKj
‚ cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i w`‡eb| wbðqB
544
Avjøvn me©Á, mwe‡kl AewnZ|Ó
541 m~iv evKviv: 227
542 m~iv evKviv: 231
543 m~iv evKviv: 229, 230 I 231
544 m~iv wbmv: 34-35
266 `imyj wdK&n
D³ AvqvZ †_‡K my¯úó †h, GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡b ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi c~‡e© PviwU ¯Íi
Aej¤^b Ki‡e| cÖ_g ch©v‡q bgªfv‡e Zv‡K eySv‡bv ev bmxnZ Kiv, G‡Z hw` ¯¿x
ms‡kvab bv nq, Zvn‡j wØZxq ch©v‡q Zvi weQvbv c„_K K‡i †`qv| †hb †m ¯^vgxi
Amš‘wó Dcjwä K‡i wb‡Ri K…ZK‡g©i Rb¨ AbyZß nq| hw` G‡ZI ms‡kvab bv nq,
Zvn‡j Z…Zxq ch©v‡q Zv‡K nvjKvfv‡e cÖnvi Kiv (hv‡Z kiÔqx mxgv j•Nb bv nq|
†hgb, †Pnvivq AvNvZ bv Kiv, kix‡i `vM Kv‡U Ggb cÖnvi bv Kiv)|
Dc‡iv³ c×wZmg~‡ni Dci Avgj Kivi ciI hw` ms‡kvab bv nq, Zvn‡j PZy_©
ch©v‡q Df‡qi AwffveK‡`i ga¨ n‡Z wbf©i‡hvM¨ `yÕRb e¨w³‡K mvwjk wbhy‡³i
gva¨‡g Zv‡`i gv‡S mg‡SvZvi †Póv Kiv| Z‡e †m‡¶‡Î DËg n‡jv, Df‡qi
AwffveK, GKRb K‡i weÁ Av‡jg ev gydZx A_ev kiÔqx g~jbxwZ we‡klÁ e¨w³‡K
wePviK wbe©vPb Ki‡e, huviv Df‡qi Awf‡hvM †kv‡b Bbmv‡di mv‡_ mg‡SvZv K‡i
†`‡eb| (Dc‡iv³ mg¯Í cš’v AKvh©Ki n‡j kiÔqx wbqg †gvZv‡eK Zvjv‡Ki c_
Aej¤^b Ki‡Z cvi‡e|) ZvjvK †`qvi kiÔqx wbqg n‡jv- Ônv‡qhÕ cieZ©x mnevmgy³
ÔZzû‡iÕ (cweÎve¯’vq) cÖ_‡g GK Zvjv‡K iRqx w`‡e; Gi †ewk bq| Zvici ¯¿xi mv‡_
†gjv‡gkv bv K‡i Zv‡K Avcb Ae¯’vq †Q‡o w`‡e Ges Zvi Ae¯’v j¶¨ Ki‡Z _vK‡e|
hw` ¯¿x AbyZß n‡q c~‡e©i b¨vq msmvi Ki‡Z B”Qv †cvlY K‡i Zvn‡j ¯^vgx-¯¿x m~jf
†h †Kv‡bv AvPiY (†hgb, Avwj½b ev mnevm BZ¨vw`) Gi gva¨‡g ¯¿x‡K wdwi‡q wb‡q
Zvi mv‡_ Ni msmvi Kiv hv‡e| Gici Avi ZvjvK bv w`‡q †i‡L w`‡e| Avi hw` GK
ÔZvjv‡K ivRqxÕ †`qvi c‡i BχZi g‡a¨ ¯^vgx-¯¿x m~jf AvPiY bv K‡i- Gfv‡e BÏZ
†kl n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j Ggwb‡ZB ÔZvjv‡K ev‡qbÕ c‡o hv‡e| ZLb ¯¿x PvB‡j Ab¨Î
weevn em‡Z cvi‡e| Avi ¯^vgxi Rb¨ beweev‡ni gva¨‡g D³ gwnjv‡K MÖnY Kivi
my‡hvM _vK‡e| D‡jøL¨ †h, †Kv‡bvµ‡gB GK‡Î ev wfbœfv‡e wZb ZvjvK †`qv DwPZ
bq| KviY G‡Z ¯¿x ÔkiÔqx nxjvÕ e¨ZxZ nvivg n‡q hvq| beweev‡ni gva¨‡gI Zv‡K
Avi wdwi‡q †bqv hvq bv| ZLb Avd‡mvm Avi cwiZv‡ci †Kv‡bv mxgv _v‡K bv|
Zvjv‡Ki cÖKvi‡f`
cÖ`vb Kivi w`K †_‡K ZvjvK wZb fv‡M wef³| Avjøvgv Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn.
e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺎﻷﺣﺴﻦ أن ﻳﻄﻠﻖ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻣﺮأﺗﻪ ﺗﻄﻠﻴﻘﺔ واﺣﺪة ﻓﻲ ﻃﻬﺮ‬،‫ ﺣﺴﻦ وأﺣﺴﻦ وﺑﺪﻋﻲ‬:‫اﻟﻄﻼق ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أوﺟﻪ‬
‫واﻟﺤﺴ ــﻦ ﻫﻮ ﻃﻼق اﻟﺴ ــﻨﺔ وﻫﻮ أن ﻳﻄﻠﻖ اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻮل ﺑﻬﺎ‬...‫ وﻳﺘﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻨﻘﻀ ــﻲ ﻋﺪﺗﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻓﻌﻞ‬،‫وﻃﻼق اﻟﺒﺪﻋﺔ أن ﻳﻄﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ واﺣﺪة أو ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻃﻬﺮ واﺣﺪ‬...‫ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻃﻬﺎر‬
.‫ذﻟﻚ وﻗﻊ اﻟﻄﻼق وﻛﺎن ﻋﺎﺻﻴﺎ‬
ÒZvjvK wZb cÖKvi| (GK) ÔZvjv‡K AvnmvbÕ ev m‡ev©Ëg ZvjvK| Ggb ÔZzû‡iÕ
(cweÎZvq) GK ZvjvK †`qv, hv‡Z ¯^vgx-¯¿xi mnevm nqwb| Gici †Kv‡bv ZvjvK bv
 ZvjvK I wW‡fv‡m©i kiÔqx weavb 267
†`qv hv‡Z BÏZ †kl n‡j ˆeevwnK m¤úK© wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq| (`yB) ÔZvjv‡K nvmvbÕ
hv‡K mybœvZ ZvjvKI ejv nq| Zv n‡jv wZb ÔZzû‡iÕ Avjv`vfv‡e wZb ZvjvK cÖ`vb
Kiv| (wZb) ÔZvjv‡K we`ÔAvZÕ Z_v bvRv‡qh ZvjvK| Avi Zv n‡jv- GK mv‡_ GK
ev‡K¨ wZb ZvjvK †`qv (†hgb, Ô‡Zvgv‡K wZb ZvjvK w`jvgÕ ejv)| †Zgwb GK
ÔZzû‡iÕ wfbœ wfbœ k‡ã wZb ZvjvK †`qv, wKsev gvwmK PjvKvjxb ev Ggb cweÎZvq
ZvjvK †`qv hv‡Z ¯^vgx-¯¿xi wgjb n‡q‡Q, GK ev GKvwaK ZvjvK †nvK bv †Kb|
Dc‡iv³ mKj cÖKvi ZvjvK cÖ`vb bvRv‡qh n‡jI ZvjvK n‡q hv‡e|Ó545
cwiYvg wn‡m‡e ZvjvK wZb cÖKvi
1.ÔZvjv‡K ivRqxÕ A_v©r Ggb ZvjvK †h Zvjv‡Ki ci BÏZ †kl bv nIqv ch©šÍ weevn
envj _v‡K Ges BχZi †fZi bZzb K‡i weevn Kiv e¨ZxZ ¯¿x‡K wdwi‡q wb‡Z cv‡i|
Avi BÏZ †kl n‡q †M‡j m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c weevn we‡”Q` n‡q hvq| Z‡e cybivq bZzb
†gvni avh© K‡i D³ gwnjvi mv‡_ weevn e܇b Ave× nIqv hv‡e|
2.ÔZvjv‡K evBbÕ A_v©r Ggb ZvjvK hvi Øviv we‡q †f‡½ hvq wKš‘ Df‡q m¤§Z n‡j
†gvni avh© K‡i cybivq weevn e܇b Ave× nIqv hvq|
3. ÔZvjv‡K gyMvjøvhvÕ A_©vr ¯¿x‡K wZb ZvjvK †`qv| hvi Kvi‡Y ¯¿x m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c nvivg
n‡q hvq| kiÔqx nvjvjv546 e¨ZxZ Zv‡K bZzb weev‡ni gva¨‡g wdwi‡q Avbv hvq bv|
DwK‡ji gva¨‡g ZvjvK cÖ`vb
¯^vgx hw` KvD‡K DwKj evwb‡q e‡j †h, Avcwb Avgvi ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK w`b| ZLb †m
DwKj wn‡m‡e hZ ZvjvK †`qvi ¶gZvcÖvß nq, Zvi ¯¿x‡K ZZ ZvjvK w`‡Z cvi‡e|
wKš‘ ZvjvK †`qvi c~‡e©B hw` Zvi IKvjwZ evwZj K‡i †`q ZLb Zvi ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK
†`qvi AwaKvi _vK‡e bv|
†cv÷KvW© I †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva¨‡g ZvjvK
†cvóKvW© I †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva¨‡g ZvjvK w`‡j ZvjvK n‡q hv‡e| hw` ¯¿x m¤ú~Y© wbwðZ
nq †h, GUv ¯^vgxi wPwV ev ZvjvK cÖ`vbKvix Zvi ¯^vgx ev ¯^vgxi ¯^xKv‡ivw³|547
A¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq Zvjv‡Ki weavb
ZvjvK Aa¨v‡q GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq n‡jv, Awbevh© cÖ‡qvR‡b ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨
kixÔAv‡Zi wba©vwiZ c~‡e©v³ my›`i e¨e¯’v D‡c¶v K‡i †KD hw` iv‡Mi gv_vq, wKsev
nv‡m¨v”Q‡j A_ev †bkvMÖ¯Í Ae¯’vq ZvjvK cÖ`vb K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi Kx ûKzg? G m¤ú‡K©
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. I Zuvi AbyMvgx mKj Bgvg I dKxn GKgZ †h, †n‡m †Ku‡`,

545 †n`vqv: 2/354, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

546 Zvjv‡Ki ÔBÏZÕ †kl nIqvi ci Ab¨‡Î weevn n‡Z n‡e Ges wØZxq ¯^vgxi mv‡_ mnevm n‡Z n‡e| cieZ©x‡Z
wØZxq ¯^vgx ZvjvK w`‡j ev g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡j ÔBÏZÕ cvj‡bi ci cÖ_g ¯^vgxi mv‡_ weevn e܇b Ave× n‡Z cvi‡e|
-gyLZvmviæj Kz`yix: 377, gyAvm&mvmvZzi ivBqvb, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
547 Avkivdzj dvZvIqv: 3/80, gvKZvev‡q mgvw`qv, PÆMÖvg
268 `imyj wdK&n
bi‡g-Mi‡g †hfv‡eB ZvjvK †`‡e Zv Kvh©Ki n‡q hv‡e|
D‡jøL¨ †h, gvbyl mvaviYZ iv‡Mi e‡kB ZvjvK w`‡q _v‡K| ZvB ivM _vKvUv ZvjvK
nIqvi e¨vcv‡i cÖwZeÜK bq| wKš‘ ivM n‡j gvby‡li KL‡bv Ggb Ae¯’v nq †h, †m
†eva, eyw× I Ávbk~b¨ n‡q c‡o| d‡j †m Ggb wKQz AvPiY I D”PviY K‡i _v‡K hv
GKRb my¯’ gw¯Í‡®‹i gvbyl Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avi G Ávbk~b¨ Ae¯’vq hw` †m ZvjvK
†`q Ges kiÔqx mv¶¨ ev ZvjvK`vZvi Kmg Kivi gva¨‡g cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ZvjvK
†`qv Ae¯’vq Zvi ûk wQ‡jv bv, Zvn‡j ZvjvK cwZZ n‡e bv| Avi hw` kiÔqx mv¶¨
ev wb‡Ri Km‡gi gva¨‡g ZvjvK †`qvi mgq G Ae¯’v cÖgvwYZ bv nq, Zvn‡j ZvjvK
cwZZ n‡q hv‡e| Zvi ivM hZB _vKzK bv †Kb Zv we‡eP¨ bq|548
gydZx kdx ivn. gvÔAv‡idzj KziAv‡b e‡jb- ÔK‡g©i cvc nIqv K‡g©i cÖwZwµqv‡K
iwnZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, Ab¨vq A¯¿vNvZ †hgb cÖvY msnvi K‡i †Zgwb ˆea cš’vq I
A‰ea cš’vq ZvjvK cÖ`vb Awbevh© we‡”Q` m„wó Ki‡e|
ZvQvov weevn I ZvjvK GgbB ¯úk©KvZi welq †h, Zv‡Z ÔB”QvÕ we‡eP¨ bq, D”PviYB
we‡eP¨| mnxn nv`x‡m G‡m‡Q †h, weevn, ZvjvK I †Mvjvg Avhv`- GB wZ‡bi A_©c~Y©
D”PviYI A_©c~Y© Ges cwinvmc~Y© D”PviYI A_©c~Y©| cwiYvg I cwiYwZ we‡ePbv bv
K‡i Zvjv‡Ki gZ AwZ ¯úk©KvZi welq‡K hviv †Q‡j‡Ljvq cwiYZ K‡i Zv‡`i Rb¨
GUv n‡jv kixÔAvZ cÖ`Ë GKwU KwVb gvbwmK kvw¯Í| †Zgwbfv‡e GKRb wbixn
wbh©vwZZv ¯¿xi Amr AZ¨vPvix ¯^vgx †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi gva¨gI e‡U|549
†Rvic~e©K ZvjvK cÖ`vb
hw` KvD‡K †Rvic~e©K ZvjvK cÖ`v‡b eva¨ Kiv nq, Avi †m eva¨ n‡q †gŠwLKfv‡e
ZvjvK †`q, Zvn‡j Zvi ZvjvK cwZZ n‡e| †Kbbv †m †Rvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi mgq `yÕwU
AcÖZ¨vwkZ Kv‡Ri m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q| 1. wb‡Ri Rxeb wecbœ Kiv| 2. ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK
†`qv| ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g †m A‡c¶vK…Z mnR welqwU GKcÖKvi †¯^”Qvq MªnY
K‡i‡Q| myZivs Zv Zvi c¶ †_‡K †¯^”Qvq ZvjvK wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡q ZvjvK cwZZ n‡q
hv‡e| Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﻜﺮﻩ ﻣﺨﺘﺎر ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرا ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴ ــﺒﺐ إﻻ أﻧﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ راض ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻋﺮف اﻟﺸـ ـﺮﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﻓﺎﺧﺘﺎر أﻫﻮﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
ÒGgwbfv‡e ÔgyKivnÕ e¨w³ (A_©vr hv‡K ZvjvK w`‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q) Awb”Qv m‡Ë¡I
ZvjvK kã D”PviY Kivi e¨vcv‡i c~Y© BLwZqvi iv‡L, ZvB Zvi ZvjvK cwZZ n‡e|
†Kbbv †m †Rvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi mgq `yÕwU AcÖZ¨vwkZ Kv‡Ri m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q| (1. wb‡Ri

548 Avkivdzj dvZvIqv: 3/87, gvKZvev‡q mgvw`qv, euvkLvjx, PÆMÖvg

549 D³ welqmg~‡ni cÖgvYvw` †c‡Z wb‡gœ ewY©Z wKZvemg~n †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 4/452, gvKZvev‡q
hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; Avj gvDm~AvZzj wdKwnq¨vn: 29/18 IhvivZzj AvIKvd Iqvk ïDwbj Bmjvwgqv, Kz‡qZ;
†n`vqv: 2/359, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 ZvjvK I wW‡fv‡m©i kiÔqx weavb 269
Rxeb wecbœ Kiv| 2. ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK †`qv)| AZtci †m ZvjvK cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g
A‡c¶vK…Z mnR welqwU GK cÖKv‡ii †¯^”Qvq MªnY K‡i‡Q|Ó550
Avi hw` †gŠwLK D”PviY Qvov †Rvic~e©K ¯^v¶i Kiv‡bv nq, Zvn‡j Zv cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e
bv| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷن اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ أﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﻘﺎم اﻟﻌﺒﺎرة ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬،‫ﻓﻠﻮ أﻛﺮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻃﻼق اﻣﺮأﺗﻪ ﻓﻜﺘﺐ ﻻ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ‬
.‫وﻻﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻫﻨﺎ‬
Òhw` KvD‡K ZvjvKbvgv †jLvi Rb¨ eva¨ Kivi Kvi‡Y †m ZvjvKbvgv wj‡L †`q,
Zvn‡j Zvi ¯¿x ZvjvKcÖvßv n‡e bv| †Kbbv, cÖ‡qvR‡bi Kvi‡Y †jLv K_vi ¯’jeZ©x
nq| Avi GLv‡b G RvZxq †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB|Ó551
¯¿xi ZvjvK MÖnY cÖm½
kixÔAvZ Zvjv‡Ki AwaKvi ¯^vgx‡K cÖ`vb Ki‡jI ¯¿xi Dci Ryjyg K‡iwb, eis Zvi
AvZ¥i¶vi e¨e¯’v mywbwðZ K‡i‡Q| †hgb-
cÖ_gZ weev‡ni AvK&‡`i mgq Zv‡K ¯^vgx †_‡K kZ© K‡i ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi
w`‡q‡Q| kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq hv‡K ÔZvdex‡h ZvjvKÕ e‡j|
wØZxqZ weev‡ni c‡i A‡_©i wewbg‡q ¯^vgx †_‡K ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM w`‡q‡Q|
kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq hv‡K Ô†LvjvZvjvKÕ e‡j| myZivs G `vwei †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †bB
†h, kixÔAvZ Zvjv‡Ki ¶gZv GKgvÎ ¯^vgx‡K Ac©Y K‡i Ryjyg K‡i‡Q|
†Lvjv Zvjv‡Ki wbqg
¯^vgx-¯¿xi gv‡S ewbebv bv n‡j Ges ¯^vgxI ZvjvK bv w`‡j ¯¿xi Rb¨ ¯^vgx‡K GK_v
ejv Rv‡qh Av‡Q †h, Avgvi wbKU †_‡K wKQz UvKv wb‡q ev Avgvi †gvn‡ii cvIbv
UvKvi wewbg‡q Avgv‡K gy³ K‡i `vI| Rev‡e ¯^vgx hw` e‡j Av”Qv, †Zvgv‡K †Q‡o
w`jvg| Zvn‡j Giƒc Dw³‡Z ¯¿xi Dci GK ÔZvjv‡K ev‡qbÕ cwZZ n‡e| ZLb ¯^vgxi
Rb¨ ¯¿x‡K bZzb m~‡Î weevn e¨ZxZ wdwi‡q †bqvi my‡hvM _vK‡e bv| (Aek¨ hw` H
gRwj‡m wKQz bv e‡j ¯^vgx D‡V P‡j hvq A_ev ¯^vgx wKQz ejvi c~‡e©B ¯¿x D‡V P‡j
hvq, Zvici ¯^vgx e‡j, Av”Qv †Zvgv‡K †Q‡o w`jvg, G‡Z †Lvjv n‡e bv, K‡_vcK_b
GK RvqMvq n‡Z n‡e) †h‡nZz kZ© n‡jv c~Y©| G Dcv‡q ¯¿x wb‡R‡K gy³ Kiv‡K Ô†Lvjv
ZvjvKÕ e‡j|
Kvwebbvgvq ÔZvdex‡h ZvjvKÕ cÖm½
¯^vgx cÖ`Ë AwaKvi‡K e‡j ¯¿x‡K wb‡Ri Dci ZvjvK MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| ¯^vgx KZ…©K
¯¿x‡K G AwaKvi cÖ`vb Kiv‡K kiÔqx cwifvlvq ÔZvdex‡h ZvjvKÕ e‡j| weev‡n Dfq
c¶ cvi¯úwiK m¤§wZµ‡g kZ©mv‡c‡¶ ev webvk‡Z© D³ Pzw³bvgv wjwce× K‡i ivL‡Z

550 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/470, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

551 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 4/440, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
270 `imyj wdK&n
cv‡i| Avgv‡`i †`‡k miKvixfv‡e gymwjg cvwievwiK ˆeevwnK wnmve msi¶‡Yi ¯^v‡_©
Kvwebbvgvi cÖeZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv kixÔAvZ cwicš’x bq| Z‡e Gi e¨envi c×wZ
mnxn n‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡`i †`‡k cÖPwjZ c×wZ Abyhvqx Kvwebbvgvq Zvdex‡h
Zvjv‡Ki wZbwU c×wZ n‡Z cv‡i|
1. weev‡ni c~‡e© Kvwebbvgv †jLv‡bv| G c×wZ MÖnY‡hvM¨ nIqvi Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv,
weev‡ni mv‡_ mgÜ Kiv| †hgb ejv ÔAvwg Agy‡Ki mv‡_ weevn e܇b Ave× nIqvi
ci Kvwebbvgvq cÖ`Ë †Kv‡bv k‡Z©i †Ljvd Ki‡j, †h †Kv‡bv mgq †m wb‡Ri Dci
ZvjvK MÖnY K‡i ˆeevwnK m¤úK© wew”Qbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|Õ hw` weev‡ni mv‡_ m¤^Ü bv
Kiv nq, Zvn‡j D³ Kvwebbvgv †Kv‡bv Kv‡R Avm‡e bv| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx
ivn. e‡jb-
‫ أو اﻹﺿــﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻛﺈن ﻧﻜﺤﺘﻚ‬،‫ وﺷــﺮط اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﻟﻤﻨﻜﻮﺣﺘﻪ إن ذﻫﺒﺖ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﻃﺎﻟﻖ‬:‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﻨﻮﻳﺮ اﻷﺑﺼــﺎر‬
‫ إﻟﺦ‬.‫ ﻓﻠﻐﻰ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ إن زرت زﻳﺪا ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﻃﺎﻟﻖ‬،‫ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﻃﺎﻟﻖ‬
ÒZvjvK mnxn nIqvi kZ© n‡jv gvwjKvbv _vKv| †hgb ¯^vgx ¯¿x‡K ejv, hw` Zzwg hvI
Zvn‡j Zzwg ZvjvK| A_ev weev‡ni mv‡_ m¤^Ü Kiv †hgb ejv Avwg hw` †Zvgv‡K
weevn Kwi Zvn‡j Zzwg ZvjvK|Ó552
AZGe hw` †Kv‡bv †eMvbv gwnjv‡K weev‡ni mv‡_ m¤^Ü bv K‡i e‡j, hw` hv‡q‡`i
mv‡_ †`Lv K‡iv- Zvn‡j Zzwg ZvjvK| Zvn‡j Dw³wU evwZj e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
2. weev‡ni mgq gy‡L e‡j †`qv| Z‡e G‡¶‡Î wbqg n‡jv- hw` weev‡ni cÖ¯Íve cÖ_‡g
†g‡qi c¶ †_‡K nq Ges weev‡ni Rb¨ Zvdex‡hi kZ© †`q Avi ¯^vgx †g‡b †bq,
ZLb DwjøwLZ ÔZvdwe‡hiÕ kZ© cvIqv †M‡j ¯¿xi wb‡Ri Dci ZvjvK MÖnY K‡i weevn
we‡”Q‡`i ¶gZv _vK‡e| Avi hw` ¯^vgxi c¶ †_‡K cÖ_‡g cÖ¯Íve nq Ges †g‡qc¶
ÔZvdex‡h Zvjv‡KiÕ k‡Z©i mv‡_ Keyj K‡i, Zvn‡j weevn mwVK n‡q †M‡jI kZ©
evwZj e‡j MY¨ n‡e| ZvB †m‡¶‡Î ¯¿xi Rb¨ ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi _vK‡e bv|
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡j‡Qb-
‫ زوﺟﺖ ﻧﻔﺴ ــﻲ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ أن أﻣﺮي ﺑﻴﺪي أﻃﻠﻖ ﻧﻔﺴ ــﻲ‬:‫ ﺻ ــﺢ( ﻣﻘﻴﺪ ﺑﻤﺎ إذا اﺑﺘﺪأت اﻟﻤﺮأة ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬:‫)ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬
.‫ وﻻ ﻳﺼﻴﺮ اﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﻴﺪﻫﺎ‬.‫ وأﻣﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺑﺪأ اﻟﺰوج ﻻ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ‬،‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﺰوج ﻗﺒﻠﺖ‬،‫ وﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﻖ‬،‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎ أرﻳﺪ‬
ÒZvjvK MÖnY Kivi ¶gZv ¯¿xi Kv‡Q _vKvi k‡Z© weevn Ki‡j Zv mnxn n‡q hv‡e|
(GUv †m‡¶‡Î) hLb ¯¿x cÖ_‡g ej‡e ÔAvwg †Zvgvi mv‡_ G k‡Z© weevn e܇b Ave×
njvg †h, hLb B”Qv Avwg wb‡Ri Dci ZvjvK MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡ev|Õ AZtci ¯^vgx
ej‡jv, Avwg Keyj Kijvg| Zvn‡j Zvjv‡Ki ¶gZv AwR©Z n‡e| Avi hw` cÖ_‡g ¯^vgx
weev‡ni cÖ¯Íve †`q Avi ¯¿x ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi kZ© w`‡q Zv Keyj K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvjv‡Ki

552 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 4/593, ZvÔjxK Aa¨vq, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 ZvjvK I wW‡fv‡m©i kiÔqx weavb 271
¶gZv AwR©Z n‡e bv|Ó553
3. weev‡ni ci Kvwebbvgv †jLv‡bv| G‡¶‡Î Dfq c‡¶i m¤§wZ‡Z M„nxZ kZ© cvIqv
†M‡j ¯¿xi Rb¨ wb‡Ri Dci ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv _vK‡e| D‡jøL¨ †h, ¯¿x hw` e‡j
ÔAvwg ¯^vgx‡K ZvjvK w`jvgÕ Zvn‡j ZvjvK mnxn n‡e bv| eis ˆeevwnK m¤úK© c~‡e©i
b¨vq envj _vK‡e|554
cÖPwjZ Kvwebbvgvq ¯^v¶‡ii kiÔqx weavb
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv Abyhvqx cÖPwjZ Kvwebbvgvq wjwLZ kZ© cvIqv †M‡j ¯¿x wb‡Ri
Dci ZvjvK cwZZ Kivi ¶gZv iv‡L| Z‡e kZ© n‡jv, ¯^vgxi †m mKj kZ© †g‡b
wb‡q Kvwebbvgv c‡o ev ï‡b ¯^v¶i Ki‡Z n‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e Kvwebbvgvi kZ©¸‡jv
†g‡b wb‡q ¯^v¶i Ki‡jI Zv cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡q hv‡e, kZ©¸‡jv co–K ev bv co–K| hw` ¯^vgx
ÔKvwebbvgvÕ c~iY Kivi c~‡e©B ¯^v¶i K‡i Ges KvRx mv‡ne kZ©¸‡jv wj‡L †`q,
Zvn‡jI ¯^vgx kZ© †g‡b wb‡q‡Q e‡j mve¨¯Í n‡e| †Kbbv eZ©gvb mgv‡Ri cÖPjb
Abyhvqx wbKvn †iwR÷vi‡`i wb‡la bv Kiv n‡j Zviv 18bs avivq ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi
¶gZv †`qvi K_v wj‡L w`‡q _v‡K| ZvB D³ mg‡q ¯^vgx wb‡la bv K‡i Kvwebbvgvq
Ni¸‡jv Lvwj †i‡L `¯ÍLZ Ki‡j mve¨¯Í n‡e †h, †m cÖPjb Abyhvqx ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi
¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وإن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ؛ وﻟﻮ اﺳــﺘﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻦ آﺧﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ‬،‫ ﻛﺎن إﻗﺮارا ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻼق‬،‫ اﻛﺘﺐ ﻃﻼق اﻣﺮأﺗﻲ‬:‫وﻟﻮ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻠﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬
‫ وﻗﻊ إن أﻗﺮ اﻟﺰوج أﻧﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺗﺎﻫﺎ‬،‫ وﺑﻌﺚ ﺑﻪ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫ وﺧﺘﻤﻪ وﻋﻨﻮﻧﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻩ اﻟﺰوج‬،‫ أو ﻗﺮأﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺰوج‬،‫ﺑﻄﻼﻗﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬
ÒAvi hw` ¯^vgx †jLK‡K e‡j Zywg ÔAvgvi ¯¿x ZvjvKÕ K_vwU †j‡Lv, Zv Zvjv‡Ki
¯^xKv‡ivw³ e‡j MY¨ n‡e| hw`I †m wb‡R ZvjvKbvgv bv wj‡L| Avi hw` †jL‡Ki
gva¨‡g Zvi ¯¿xi ZvjvKbvgv †jLvq ev ZvjvKbvgv †jLvi ci ¯^vgxi mvg‡b c‡o Ges
†m Zv MÖnYv‡šÍ wmj-¯^v¶i KiZ Zv‡Z wVKvbv wj‡L ¯¿xi Kv‡Q cvVvq Zvn‡j Zv ¯¿xi
wbK‡U †cuŠQvgvÎ †m ZvjvKcÖvßv e‡j MY¨ n‡e, hw` ¯^vgx D³ ZvjvKbvgv‡K Zvi c¶
†_‡K †cÖwiZ e‡j ¯^xKvi K‡i|Ó555
†KvU© †_‡K ZvjvK MÖnY
Avgv‡`i †`‡k †KvU© A_ev KvRx Awd‡m wM‡q ZvjvKbvgvi miKvix dig c~i‡Yi
gva¨‡g ¯¿xi ¯^vgx †_‡K ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi A_©vr ¯¿x wb‡Ri cÖwZ ZvjvK †`qvi wbqg
cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| G‡¶‡Î weavb n‡jv, Kvwebbvgvq Zvdex‡h Zvjv‡Ki 18bs N‡i †h
mg¯Í kZ© †jLv _v‡K hw` †m¸‡jv cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j ¯¿x †Kv‡U©i gva¨‡g (ev †Kv‡U©i

553 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 4/573, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

554 Avj wnjvZzb bv‡Rhvn, 40-42, MvDwQqv cvewj‡KkÝ, evsjvevRvi, XvKv
555 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 4/456, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
272 `imyj wdK&n
gva¨g QvovB) ZvjvK MÖnY K‡i BÏZ cvjb †k‡l Ab¨Î weevn e܇b Ave× n‡Z
cvi‡e| G‡¶‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, †KvU© †_‡K ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi mgq ej‡Z n‡e
ÔAvwg ¯^vgx cÖ`Ë ¶gZv e‡j wb‡Ri Dci kZ© †gvZv‡eK ZvjvK MÖnY KijvgÕ|
c¶všÍ‡i hw` e‡j ÔAvwg ¯^vgx‡K ZvjvK w`jvgÕ Zvn‡j ZvjvK MÖnY mnxn n‡e bv|
Z‡e ÔZvdex‡h Zvjv‡KiÕ N‡i DwjøwLZ kZ© ¯^vgx KZ©„K †Ljvd bv n‡j †KvU© †_‡K
ZvjvK MÖnY Kiv mnxn n‡e bv| eis †m cÖ_g ¯^vgxi ¯¿x wn‡m‡eB MY¨ n‡e| ZvB
wØZxq ¯^vgx MÖnY Kiv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c nvivg n‡e|556
wW‡fvm©
Divorce Gi AvwfavwbK A_© weevn we‡”Q`| Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g ¯^vgx ¯¿xi B”Qvµ‡g
A_ev ¯^vgxi Zvjv‡Ki gva¨‡g ev †h cÖKv‡iB weevn we‡”Q` nIK bv †Kb, Zv‡K
Divorce ejv nq|557
A_©vr ZvjvK k‡ãi Bs‡iRx cÖwZkã n‡jv Divorce (wW‡fvm©)| kixÔAv‡Z Zvjv‡Ki
b¨vq wW‡fvm© cÖ`v‡bi ¶gZv w`‡q‡Q GKgvÎ ¯^vgx‡K, ¯¿x‡K bq| ZvB ¯¿x ¯^vgx‡K
ZvjvK ev wW‡fvm© w`‡Z cv‡i bv| myZivs hw` ¯¿x ¯^vgx‡K ZvjvK ev wW‡fvm© †`q,
Zvn‡j †mB ZvjvK ev wW‡fvm© Kvh©Ki n‡e bv; eis c~‡e©i b¨vq Zv‡`i weevn envj
_vK‡e| nu¨v, hw` ¯^vgx k‡Z©i mv‡_ ev kZ©nxbfv‡e ¯¿x‡K ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv Ac©Y
K‡i, †m‡¶‡Î †m wb‡Ri bd‡mi Dci ZvjvK MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Zv‡K Gfv‡e ej‡Z
n‡e †h, Avwg Avgvi ¯^vgxi cÖ`Ë ÔZvdex‡h Zvjv‡KiÕ (¯¿x‡K ZvjvK MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv
Ac©Y) ¶gZve‡j wbR c¶všÍ‡i bd‡mi Dci ZvjvK ev wW‡fvm© MÖnY Kijvg| hw`
e‡j, Avgvi ¯^vgx‡K ZvjvK ev wW‡fvm© w`jvg, Zvn‡j ZvjvK n‡e bv|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
cÖavb gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm
08 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.
`viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
06 iRe 1435wn.

556 `ªóe¨- Avkivdzj dvZvIqv: 3/81, gvKZvev‡q mgvw`qv, PÆMÖvg

557 AvBb †Kvl: 113, gynv¤§` Avãyj nvgx` †Rjv I `v‡qiv RR iwPZ, evsjv GKv‡Wgx XvKv
 273

Rb¥wbqš¿Y: kixÔAvZ Kx e‡j?

gvIjvbv gynv¤§` Igi dviæK Be‡b Avãyj nvB Kzwgjøvqx
eZ©gvb hvgvbvq Rb¥ wbqš¿‡Yi Ggb me c×wZ Avwe¯‹…Z n‡q‡Q hv c~‡e©i hy‡M KíbvI
Kiv †hZ bv| eis †h mg‡q †ewk mšÍvb nIqv‡K gvbyl M‡e©i welq g‡b Ki‡Zv| wKš‘,
hy‡Mi weeZ©‡b Rb¥wbqš¿Y GLb ïay mvgvwRKiƒc jvf K‡iB ¶všÍ nqwb, eis ivóªxq
c„ô‡cvlKZvI jvf K‡i‡Q| Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi bZzb bvg ivLv n‡q‡Q Ôcwievi cwiKíbv|Õ
cÖwZwU cwievi †hb cwievi cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡i †m Rb¨ wewfbœ cÖKí nv‡Z wb‡”Q
miKvi| cwievi cwiKíbvi mydj djvI K‡i cÖPvi Ki‡Q wgwWqv| mv‡_ mv‡_ cwievi
cwiKíbv MÖnY bv Kivi Kzdj eY©bvqI Kmyi Ki‡Q bv| hw` cwievi cwiKíbv MÖnY
bv Kiv nq, Zvn‡j AvMvgx cÖRb¥ Lv`¨ I evm¯’v‡bi Zxeª msK‡U co‡e| BZ¨vKvi
AccÖPv‡ii d‡j gvbyl †Kv‡bvw`‡K bv ZvwK‡qB MªnY Ki‡Q cwievi cwiKíbv| ZvB
G wel‡q kiÔqx weavb we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Kiv Riæix n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q|
Rb¥wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v cÖ_gZ `yÕcÖKvi| A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v I ¯’vqx e¨e¯’v| A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v Avevi
K‡qK ai‡bi| ¯’vqx c×wZI wewfbœ cÖKvi n‡q _v‡K| cÖ‡Z¨K cÖKv‡ii ûKzg wfbœ
wfbœ| wb‡gœ cÖ‡Z¨K cÖKv‡ii cwiPq I ûKzg we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
1. A¯’vqx e¨e¯’vi cwiPq
A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v n‡jv hv ¶YKvj Rb¥wbqš¿Y Kivi j‡¶¨ MÖnY Kiv n‡q _v‡K Ges hv
Øviv AvRxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖRbb ¶gZv bó nq bv| G ai‡bi e¨e¯’v KL‡bv wbZvšÍ mvgwqK
n‡q _v‡K, KL‡bv wbw`©ó †gqv`x n‡q _v‡K| Dfq cÖKv‡ii ûKzg wb‡gœ Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡jv|
1. wbZvšÍ mvgwqK e¨e¯’v| †hgb, KbWg e¨envi Kiv| wbivc` Kvj †g‡b Pjv| Z_v
FZzmªv‡ei c‡i Rivqy-gyL eÜ nIqvi AvM ch©šÍ m½g †_‡K weiZ _vKv| wcj e¨envi
Kiv Avhj Kiv BZ¨vw`|
2. †gqv`x e¨e¯’v| †hgb, gwnjv wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ Bb‡RK&kb †bqv| cøvw÷K K‡qj
e¨envi Kiv A_©vr gwnjv kix‡ii †Kv‡bv A‡½ Acv‡ik‡bi gva¨‡g cøvw÷K K‡qj
¯’vcb Kiv BZ¨vw`|
Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi mvgwqK e¨e¯’vi GKwU c×wZ n‡jv Avhj| Avh‡ji weavb wdK‡ni
wKZv‡e ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Avh‡ji ûKz‡gi cÖwZ j¶¨ Ki‡j A¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi Ab¨vb¨
c×wZi ûKzgI mn‡R †evSv hv‡e| ZvB cÖ_‡g ms‡¶‡c Avhj m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡jv| Gici g~j wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e BbkvAvjøvn|
Avhj: cwiPq I weavb
m½‡gi mgq ¯^vgx ¯¿xi †hvbxi evB‡i exh©cvZ Kiv‡K Avhj ejv nq| Avhj m¤ú‡K©
A‡bK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Z‡e nv`xmmg~n †_‡K bv cwi®‹vi wb‡lavÁv ey‡S Av‡m,
274 `imyj wdK&n
Avevi bv my¯úó AbygwZ †evSv hvq| Z‡e G KvR bexRx Gi gbtc~Z bv nIqvi
welqwU wKQz nv`xm †_‡K eySv hvq| G Rb¨ c~e©m~ix Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi gv‡S G e¨vcv‡i
gZwe‡iva wQ‡jv| †KD †KD Avhj‡K G‡Kev‡i bvRv‡qh e‡j‡Qb| Kv‡iv g‡Z KvRwU
g~jZ AcQ›`bxq, wKš‘ we‡kl cÖ‡qvR‡b Rv‡qh| Avi hw` kixÔAvZ cwicš’x †Kv‡bv
D‡Ï‡k¨ (hvi eY©bv mvg‡b Avm‡Q) Kiv nq, Zvn‡j bv Rv‡qh| †hgb, Lv`¨ I
evm¯’v‡bi m¼‡Ui Avk¼vq Kiv| cÖ_‡g AbygwZÁvcK nv`xm¸‡jv D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv|
nhiZ Rv‡ei ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb-
‫ إن ﻟﻲ ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ وﻫﻲ ﺧﺎدﻣﺘﻨﺎ وﻣﺴﺎﻧﻴﺘﻨﺎ وأﻧﺎ أﻃﻮف ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وأﻧﺎ أﻛﺮﻩ أن‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،
‫أن رﺟﻼ أﺗﻰ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ إن اﻟﺠﺎرﻳﺔ‬: ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﺛﻢ أﺗﺎﻩ‬،‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪر ﻟﻬﺎ« ﻓﻠﺒﺚ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬،‫ »اﻋﺰل ﻋﻨﻬﺎ إن ﺷﺌﺖ‬: ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞ‬
.«‫ »ﻗﺪ أﺧﺒﺮﺗﻚ أﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪر ﻟﻬﺎ‬: ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ﻗﺪ ﺣﺒﻠﺖ‬
ÒGKevi GK †jvK ivm~jyjøvn -Gi `iev‡i G‡m ej‡jv, Avgvi †mweKv `vmxi
mv‡_ Avwg ˆ`wnK †gjv‡gkv Kwi, wKš‘ †m Mf©eZx †nvK GUv Avwg PvB bv| wZwb
ej‡jb, ÒZzwg PvB‡j Zvi mv‡_ Avhj Ki‡Z cvi, Z‡e Zvi fv‡M¨ hv Av‡Q Zv n‡eB
(Mf©eZx n‡eB)|Ó wKQzw`b ci †jvKwU G‡m ej‡jv, ûRyi! †m †Zv Mf©eZx n‡q †M‡Q|
ZLb bex Kvixg ej‡jb, ÒAvwg †Zv †Zvgv‡K Av‡MB e‡jwQjvg, Zvi fv‡M¨ hv
558
Avmvi Zv Avm‡eB|Ó
nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
،‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إن ﻟﻲ ﺟﺎرﻳﺔ وأﻧﺎ أﻋﺰل ﻋﻨﻬﺎ وأﻧﺎ أﻛﺮﻩ أن ﺗﺤﻤﻞ وأﻧﺎ أرﻳﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬:‫أن رﺟﻼ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ »ﻛﺬﺑﺖ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد ﻟﻮ أراد اﻟﻠﻪ أن ﻳﺨﻠﻘﻪ ﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ أن‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫وإن اﻟﻴﻬﻮد ﺗﺤﺪث أن اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﻤﻮؤدة اﻟﺼﻐﺮى‬
.«‫ﺗﺼﺮﻓﻪ‬
ÒGK e¨w³ ej‡jv, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! Avgvi GKwU euv`x Av‡Q| Avwg Zvi mv‡_
m½‡gi ci Avhj Kwi| Zvi KviY, Mf©eZx nIqv‡K Avwg AcQ›` Kwi| Z‡e Zvi
mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv Ki‡Z PvB| Avi Bû`xiv e‡j, Avhj RxešÍ mgvwnZ Kivi bvgvšÍi|
bexRx e‡jb, Bû`xiv wg_¨v e‡j‡Q| hw` Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv wKQz m„wó Ki‡Z Pvb,
Zvn‡j Zzwg Zv †div‡Z cvi‡e bv|Ó559
GB nv`xm `yÕwUi gv‡S cÖ_gwU‡Z ivm~jyjøvn D³ e¨w³‡K Avhj Kivi civgk©
w`‡q‡Qb| Avi wØZxqwU‡Z Bû`x‡`i K_v‡K LÐb K‡i ˆeaZvi ¯^xK…wZ †evSv hvq|
Z‡e nv`xm؇qi fvlv I aib †_‡K KvRwU ivm~jyjøvn Gi gbtc~Z bv nIqvI ey‡S
Av‡m|
G wel‡q Av‡iv wKQz nv`xm D‡jøL K‡i Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ وﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ وﻗﺎص‬،‫ ﻋﻠﻲ‬:‫ وﻗﺪ روي ﻋﻦ ﻋﺸﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫ﻓﻬﺬﻩ اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ ﻇﺎﻫﺮة ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮاز اﻟﻌﺰل‬
558 mnxn gymwjg : 1/465
559 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/295; gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 11288, nv`xmwU mnxn|
 Rb¥wbqš¿Y: kixÔAvZ Kx e‡j? 275
‫ وأﺑﻲ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬،‫ وﺧﺒﺎب ﺑﻦ اﻷرت‬،‫ واﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ‬،‫ واﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬،‫ وﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬،‫ وأﺑﻲ أﻳﻮب‬،‫وزﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬
. ‫ وﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‬،‫اﻟﺨﺪري‬
ÒG mKj nv`xm †_‡K ¯úó †h, Avhj Rv‡qh| `kRb mvnvex †_‡K welqwU ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q| Zuviv n‡jb, Avjx, mvÔAv` Be‡b Avex Iqv°vm, hv‡q` Be‡b Qv‡eZ, Avey
AvBq~e, Rv‡ei, Be‡b AveŸvm, nvmvb Be‡b Avjx, LveŸve Bebyj AvivZ, Avey mvC`
Ly`ix I Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwhqvjøvû Avbûg|Ó560
Avhj wb‡la m¤^wjZ nv`xm I Zvi e¨vL¨v
nhiZ Ryhvgv web‡Z Inve ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ » ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻮأد اﻟﺨﻔﻲ وﻫﻲ‬:
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﺳﺄﻟﻮﻩ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﺰل‬: ‫ﺣﻀﺮت رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
إﻟﻰ أن ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬
(‫ )رواﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.« ‫وإذا اﻟﻤﻮءودة ﺳﺌﻠﺖ‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjøvn Gi wbKU Dcw¯’Z njvg, (mvnvev‡q †Kivg bexRx -Gi
mv‡_ K_vevZ©v ejwQ‡jb) GKch©v‡q Zuviv ivm~j †K Avhj m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Ki‡j
wZwb e‡jb, ÒGUv m~²fv‡e RxešÍ mgvwnZ Kivi bvgvšÍi| Ges ‫وإذا اﻟﻤﻮءودة ﺳﺌﻠﺖ‬
(hLb RxešÍ mgvwnZ Kb¨v‡K wRÁvmv Kiv n‡e) GB Avqv‡Zi AšÍf©y³|Ó561
nv`xmwU †_‡K Avhj A‰ea nIqvi welqwU ey‡S Av‡m, †h‡nZz Avhj‡K bex Kvixg
RxešÍ mgvwnZ Kivi bvgvšÍi e‡j‡Qb hv nvivg| Ryhvgvi D³ nv`x‡mi fvl¨
c~‡e©vwjøwLZ nv`x‡mi wecixZ| KviY, GLv‡b Avhj †_‡K A¯^xK…wZ †evSv hvq, A_P
c~‡e©i nv`x‡mi fvl¨ †_‡K AbygwZ †evSv hvq| Dfq nv`x‡mi mgvavb w`‡Z wM‡q Bgvg
Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫وﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﻨﻦ )ﺣﺪﻳﺚ أﺑﻲ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ اﻟﺨﺪري( ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺟﺬاﻣﺔ وﻫﻮ وإن ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻨﻦ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ‬
.‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
Òmybv‡bi nv`xm A_©vr Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. Gi ewY©Z nv`xm Ryhvgv ivwh. Gi ewY©Z
nv`xm‡K i` K‡i †`q| Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. Gi ewY©Z nv`xmwU hw`I mybv‡bi
wKZv‡e Av‡Q, wKš‘ nv`xmwU mnxn|Ó562
wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb-
.‫أن ﻛﺜﺮة اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ ﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﺷﺘﻬﺎر ﺧﻼﻓﻪ‬
ÒAvhj ˆea nIqvi nv`x‡mi AvwaK¨ G K_v cÖgvY K‡i †h, Avhj ˆea nIqvi nv`xm
A‰ea nIqvi nv`x‡mi Zzjbvq cÖwm×|Ó563

560 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/378, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

561 BÔjvDm mybvb : 11/295, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
562 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/378-379, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
563 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/379, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
276 `imyj wdK&n
wZwb Ryhvgvi nv`x‡m ‫( اﻟﻮأد اﻟﺨﻔﻲ‬RxešÍ mgvwnZ Kivi bvgvšÍi) Gi e¨vL¨v w`‡Z wM‡q
e‡jb-
.‫وﻗﺪ اﺗﻔﻖ ﻋﻤﺮ وﻋﻠﻲ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﻮءودة ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻤﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺘﺎرات اﻟﺴﺒﻊ‬
ÒnhiZ Igi I Avjx ivwh. G e¨vcv‡i GKgZ †h, Avhj RxešÍ mgvwnZ n‡e bv
hZ¶Y ch©šÍ mvZwU ¯Íi AwZµg bv Ki‡e|Ó564
gydZx kdx ivn. e‡jb, ÔDfq ai‡bi nv`x‡mi mvgÄm¨ weav‡b Ijvgv‡q †Kivg wewfbœ
gZ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Zb¥‡a¨ me‡P‡q ¯úó I wbivc` Dw³ n‡jv GB †h, Ryhvgv ivwh.
Gi nv`x‡mi d‡j Avhj‡K gvKiƒn ejv n‡e Avi Ab¨vb¨ nv`x‡mi d‡j Rv‡qh ejv
n‡e| GLb mg¯Í nv`xm †_‡K GB djvdj †ei n‡e †h, Avhj Rv‡qh Z‡e
gvKiƒn|Õ565
†gvUK_v, AwaKvsk nv`xm †_‡K Avh‡ji AbygwZ †evSv hvq| hw`I nv`x‡mi
Av‡jvPbvi aib †_‡K ivm~j Gi gbtc~Z bv nIqvI Abygvb Kiv hvq| ZvB
Avhj g~jZ gyevn Z‡e kixÔAv‡Zi `vex I g~jbxwZi cwicš’x nIqvi Kvi‡Y gvKiƒ‡n
Zvbwhnx566 n‡e| Avi hw` Lv`¨ I evm¯’v‡bi msK‡Ui Avk¼vq Rb¥wbqš¿Y Kiv nq,
Zvn‡j Zv me©ve¯’vq nvivg|
A¯’vqx e¨e¯’vi ûKzg
c~‡e©vwjøwLZ A¯’vqx e¨e¯’vi wewfbœ c×wZi ûKzg ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq Avh‡ji gZB
gvKiƒn| Z‡e ev”Pv †bqvi Øviv hw` ¯¿x ev mšÍv‡bi †Kv‡bv mgm¨v nq, Zvn‡j AwfÁ
Øxb`vi Wv³v‡ii civg‡k©i wfwˇZ cÖ‡qvR‡b †h †Kv‡bv e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
Z‡e kZ© n‡jv, kixÔAvZ cwicš’x †Kv‡bv wbqZ bv _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb Lv`¨ ev
evm¯’v‡bi msK‡Ui fq BZ¨vw`|
Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi kiÔqx RiæiZ D‡jøL K‡i Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ أو ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺰوﺟﺔ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ ﺧﻠﻖ وﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻓﺮاﻗﻬﺎ‬،‫ أو ﻓﻲ دار اﻟﺤﺮب ﻣﺨﺎف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮﻟﺪ‬،‫ﻛﺄن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ‬
‫ وﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﺬار أن ﻳﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﻟﺒﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻇﻬﻮر اﻟﺤﻤﻞ وﻟﻴﺲ‬: ‫ )إﻟﻰ أن ﻗﺎل( ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ وﻫﺒﺎن‬،‫ﻣﺨﺎف أن ﺗﺤﺒﻞ‬
.‫ﻷﺑﻲ اﻟﺼﺒﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻈﺌﺮ وﻳﺨﺎف ﻫﻼﻛﻪ‬
Ò¯^vgx Zvi ¯¿x‡K wb‡q wbR GjvKv †_‡K eû`~‡i †Kv‡bv md‡i _vKv, A_ev `viæj
ni‡e _vKv †hLv‡b mšÍv‡bi ¶wZi Avk¼v i‡q‡Q, A_ev gwnjv Amr PwiÎevb nIqvq
¯^vgx ¯¿x †_‡K c„_K nIqvi B”Qv _vK‡j, Mf©avi‡Y `ya ïwK‡q c~‡e©i ev”Pvi ¯^v¯’¨nvbxi
Avk¼v †`Lv w`‡j Ges `y‡ai weKí e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Y A¶g n‡j Avhj Ki‡Z cvi‡e|Ó567

564 dvZûj Kv`xi: 3/379, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

565 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 7/87, gvKZvev `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
566 (‫ ﺑﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎن‬،‫ ﻛﻮﺋﺘﻪ‬،‫ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺒﻴﺔ‬۳٤٧/٦ :‫ )ﻣﺮﻗﺎة اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬.‫واﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ أن اﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻨﺰﻳﻪ‬

567 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx : 4/335, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

 Rb¥wbqš¿Y: kixÔAvZ Kx e‡j? 277
Mf©cv‡Zi ûKzg
Rivqy‡Z exh© cÖ‡ek Kivi ci †mB åƒY bó K‡i †djv‡K Mf©cvZ e‡j| Mf©w¯’Z ev”Pvi
eq‡mi wfbœZv wn‡m‡e Mf©cv‡Zi ûKzgI wfbœ wfbœ n‡q _v‡K| Mf©w¯’Z ev”Pvi cÖ_gZ
`yB Ae¯’v| h_v- ev”Pvi †fZi iƒn Avmv ev iƒn bv Avmv| iƒn bv Avm‡j Avevi `yB
Ae¯’v| ev”Pvi †Kv‡bv A½-cÖZ¨½ cÖKvk nIqv ev bv nIqv| cÖ‡Z¨K cÖKv‡ii ûKzg
wfbœ wfbœ, hv wb‡gœ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
1. Mf©w¯’Z mšÍv‡bi g‡a¨ iƒn Avmvi ci Mf©cvZ Kiv me©m¤§wZµ‡g bvRv‡qh I
nvivg| Avjøvgv Be‡b nvRvi gv°x ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺘﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬،‫واﻟﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ إﺳﻘﺎﻃﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﻔﺦ اﻟﺮوح ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺤﺮم إﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎ‬
ÒcÖvY Avmvi ci Mf©cvZ Kivi †Kv‡bv c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv me©m¤§wZµ‡g bvRv‡qh I
nvivg| KviY, GUv cÖvYx nZ¨vi kvwgj|Ó568
2. hw` Mf©w¯’Z mšÍv‡bi g‡a¨ iƒn bv Av‡m wKš‘ Zvi †Kv‡bv A½ cÖKvk cvq, Zvn‡j
webv cÖ‡qvR‡b Mf©cvZ Kiv gvKiƒn| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻛﺘﻤﺎم ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم وﻋﺪة وﻧﻔﺎس‬،‫وﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﺒﺎن ﺑﻌﺾ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﻛﻈﻔﺮ وﺷﻌﺮ‬
ÒbL, Pzj BZ¨vw` wKQz A½ hw` cÖKvk cvq, Zvn‡j wewfbœ ûKzg, BÏZ I †bdv‡mi
†¶‡Î c~Y© ev”Pvi gZ|Ó569 wKš‘ †h‡nZz Zvi gv‡S GL‡bv iƒn Av‡mwb ZvB gvbe
nZ¨vi ûKzg Zvi Dci eZ©v‡e bv|
3. hw` †Kv‡bv A½-cÖZ¨½ cÖKvk bv cvq; Zvn‡j Mf©cvZ Kiv gyevn| Z‡e ZvKIqv
cwicwš’| Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg I Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻻ ﻳﻜﻮن ذﻟﻚ إﻻ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬،‫وﻫﻞ ﻳﺒﺎح اﻹﺳﻘﺎط ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺤﺒﻞ؟ ﻳﺒﺎح ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻖ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻨﻪ‬
.‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ‬
ÒMf©cvZ Kiv hv‡e wK bv Zvi Rev‡e ejv n‡e, hw` Zvi gv‡S AvK…wZ (iƒn duzKv bv
nq) bv Av‡m, Zvn‡j Zv cvi‡e| (ev”Pvi gv‡S KLb iƒn Av‡m) G e¨vcv‡i dzKvnv‡q
†Kivg GKvwaK ¯’v‡b e‡j‡Qb †h, Zv 120 w`‡bi c‡i n‡q _v‡K|Ó570
G gZwU Av‡iv A‡bK dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡giI| †hgb-
.‫ إن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﺒﻦ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﻻ ﺗﺄﺛﻢ‬: ‫وإذا أﺳﻘﻄﺖ اﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻼج ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
Ògwnjv hw` wPwKrmvi gva¨‡g ev”Pv †d‡j †`q Zvi ûKzg m¤ú‡K© Ijvgv‡q †Kivg
e‡jb, hw` kvixwiK MVb cÖKvk cvIqvi c~‡e© gwnjv Mf©cvZ NUvq, Zvn‡j †m ¸bvnMvi
n‡e bv|Ó571
568 Rv`x` wdKnx gvmv‡qj m~‡Î dvZûj gv‡jK: 5/131, KzZzeLvb bvCwgq¨v, †`Ie›`
569 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 10/254, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
570 dvZûj Kv`xi : 3/380, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 4/335, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv,

†Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
571 dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb [AvjgMxixi wUKvq]: 3/410, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
278 `imyj wdK&n
Bgvg KvhxLvb ivn. IRi bv _vKvi m~i‡Z gyevn nIqvi e¨vcv‡i wØgZ Ki‡jI IRi
_vKv Ae¯’vq wZwbI gyevn e‡j‡Qb|
،‫ وﻳﺨﺎف ﻫﻼك اﻟﻮﻟﺪ‬،‫ وﻟﻴﺲ ﻷﺑﻲ اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻈﺌﺮ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻌﺔ إذا ﻇﻬﺮ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﺤﺒﻞ واﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻟﺒﻨﻬﺎ‬
.‫ ﻳﺒﺎح ﻟﻬﺎ أن ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺞ ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻨـﺰال اﻟﺪم ﻣﺎ دام اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﻄﻔﺔ أو ﻋﻠﻘﺔ أو ﻣﻀﻐﺔ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﻠﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻀﻮ‬:‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
Ò¯Íb¨`vbKvwiYx Mf©eZx nIqvi Kvi‡Y hw` Zvi `ya eÜ n‡q hvq I wkïi wcZvi Ab¨
†Kv‡bv ¯Íb¨`vbKvwiYx fvov †bqvi mvg_©¨ bv _v‡K Ges ev”Pv gviv hvIqvi Avk¼v
_v‡K, G Ae¯’vq dzKvnv‡q †Kivg e‡jb, RgvU i³ wKsev †Mv‡¯Íi UzKivi AvKv‡i
_vK‡j Ges A½ cÖKvk bv †c‡j, wPwKrmvi gva¨‡g Mf©cvZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|Ó572
†gvUK_v, iƒn Avmvi ci Mf©cvZ Kiv bvRv‡qh I nvivg| Avi iƒn Avmvi c~‡e© hw`
A½-cÖZ¨½ cÖKvk cvq, Zvn‡j webv cÖ‡qvR‡b gvKiƒn| Avi hw` †Kv‡bv A½-cÖZ¨½
cÖKvk bv cvq, Zvn‡jI ZvK¡Iqv cwicwš’|
2. ¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi cwiPq
Ggb c×wZ MÖnY Kiv hv ¯’vqxfv‡e cyiæl ev gwnjvi cÖRbb ¶gZv ev mšÍvb avi‡Yi
¶gZv wPiZ‡i bó K‡i †`q| mvaviYZ Gi Rb¨ eZ©gv‡b wb‡gœ ewY©Z c×wZ¸‡jv
Aej¤^b Kiv nq| h_v :
1. Ôf¨v‡m±wgÕ (AЇKv‡li wbt¯^iY bvjxi †Q`b) A_©vr cyiæl‡K eÜvKi‡Yi mnR
A‡¯¿vcPvi we‡kl| G‡Z ïµKxUevnx bvjxKv AvswkK ev m¤ú~Y© †K‡U †djv nq|
2 ÔwUD‡fj jvB‡MkbÕ A_©vr gwnjvi ïµ bvjx †K‡U †djv, A_ev KvUv e¨ZxZ
Ggbfv‡e †eu‡a †`qv hvi d‡j exh© cÖ‡ek eÜ n‡q hvq| G `yB c×wZ QvovI †h †Kv‡bv
cš’vq cÖRbb ¶gZv wPiZ‡i bó K‡i †djv ¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿Y c×wZi AšÍfy³ n‡e|
¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi ûKzg
bexRx -Gi hy‡M ¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi c×wZ wQ‡jv Lvwm nIqv Z_v AЇKvl †K‡U
†djv| G e¨vcv‡i nv`x‡m my¯úó wb‡lavÁv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| H mKj nv`x‡mi Dci wfwË
K‡i eZ©gvb Ijvgv‡q †Kivg AvaywbK ¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿Y c×wZ‡K nvivg e‡j‡Qb|
GLv‡b Rb¥wbqš¿Y wb‡lavÁv welqK KwZcq nv`xm D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv| nhiZ Kv‡qm
ivn. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
،‫ أﻻ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺼﻲ؟ ﻓﻨﻬﺎﻧﺎ ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻠﻨﺎ‬،‫ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﻐﺰو ﻣﻊ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
وﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺷﻲء‬:  ‫ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬

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a﴿ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻗﺮأ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬
.﴾s
r
ÒnhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. e‡jb, Avgiv ivm~jyjøvn -Gi mv‡_ hy‡×
†hZvg, Avi Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i ¯¿xMY _vK‡Zv bv| (Avgv‡`i †hŠb Pvwn`v n‡Zv)|

572 dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb [AvjgMxixi wUKvq]: 3/410, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 Rb¥wbqš¿Y: kixÔAvZ Kx e‡j? 279
ZvB ivm~j -Gi wbKU †hŠbkw³ wPiZ‡i wbt‡kl K‡i †`qvi AbygwZ PvB‡j wZwb
Zv †_‡K wb‡la Ki‡jb, Ges DwjøwLZ AvqvZwU cvV K‡i †kvbv‡jb, †n gyÕwgbMY!
Avjøvn †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ DrK…ó †hme e¯‘ nvjvj K‡i‡Qb †mB mgy`q‡K †Zvgiv nvivg
K‡iv bv Ges mxgvj•Nb K‡iv bv| wbðq Avjøvn mxgvj•NbKvix‡`i cQ›` K‡ib
bv|Ó573
G nv`xm †_‡K my¯úó †h, ¯’vqx Rb¥wbqš¿Y mxgvj•N‡bi AšÍf~©³ Ges Avjøvn KZ©„K
ˆea wRwbm‡K nvivg Kivi bvgvšÍi| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺴﻜﺖ‬،‫ وﻻ أﺟﺪ ﻣﺎ أﺗﺰوج ﺑﻪ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬،‫ﻗﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إﻧﻲ رﺟﻞ ﺷﺎب وأﻧﺎ أﺧﺎف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺖ‬
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻣﺜﻞ ذﻟﻚ‬: ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﻠﺖ‬،‫ ﻓﺴﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻲ‬،‫ ﻣﺜﻞ ذﻟﻚ‬: ‫ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻟﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺴﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻲ‬،‫ ﻣﺜﻞ ذﻟﻚ‬:‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﻠﺖ‬،‫ﻋﻨﻲ‬
.‫ ﻓﺎﺧﺘﺺ ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ أوذر‬،‫ ﻳﺎ أﺑﺎ ﻫﺮﻳﺮة! ﺟﻒ اﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﺑﻤﺎ أﻧﺖ ﻻق‬:
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
ÒAvwg ejjvg, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! Avwg GKRb hyeK, Avwg e¨wfPv‡ii Avk¼v KiwQ|
weevn Kivi gZ mvg_©¨I Avgvi †bB| GLb Avcwb wK Avgv‡K †hŠbkw³ wbt‡kl K‡i
†`qvi AbygwZ †`‡eb? wZwb wKQz¶Y wbie _vK‡jb| Avwg Avevi ejjvg| wZwb
Avev‡iv wbie iB‡jb| (wZwb e‡jb) Avwg Avev‡iv wRÁvmv Ki‡j wZwb Avev‡iv Pzc
iB‡jb| Avwg Avevi wRÁvmv Ki‡j wZwb ej‡jb, Ò†n Avey ûivqiv! Zzwg †hŠbkw³
wejyß K‡iv Avi bvB K‡iv hv †Zvgvi †_‡K nIqvi †m e¨vcv‡i Kjg ïwK‡q †M‡Q,
(A_©vr ZvK`x‡i hv Av‡Q Zv msNwUZ n‡eB)|Ó574
DwjøwLZ nv`xmmg~‡ni e¨vL¨vq Avjøvgv e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻫﻮ ﻣﺤﺮم ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻔﺎق‬
ÒAvi Lvwm nIqv me©m¤§wZµ‡g nvivg|Ó575
Be‡b nvRvi AvmKvjvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﻴﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻌﺎﻩ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺪاوي ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻄﻊ أﺻﻼ‬،‫واﻟﺤﺠﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ أﻧﻬﻢ اﺗﻔﻘﻮا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﻊ اﻟﺠﺐ واﻟﺨﺼﺎء‬
ÒG mKj nv`xm G K_vi cÖgvY †h, cyiælv½ †K‡U †djv I Lvwm Kiv me©m¤§wZµ‡g
wb‡la Ges G ûKzg Av‡ivc Kiv n‡e H †¶‡ÎI †hLv‡b Jl‡ai gva¨‡g wPiZ‡i
cªRbb ¶gZv wejyß Kiv nq|Ó576
DwjøwLZ nv`xm I Zvi e¨vL¨v †_‡K G K_v my¯úó †h, †Kv‡bvfv‡eB cÖRbb ¶gZv
G‡Kev‡i bó Kiv hv‡e bv| myZivs Rb¥wbqš¿‡Yi ¯’vqx †h †Kv‡bv c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv
bvRv‡qh I nvivg|
wKš‘ hw` Rivqy‡Z Ggb †ivM †`Lv †`q, †hgb wUDgvi, K¨vÝvi BZ¨vw` hvi Kvi‡Y

573 mnxn eyLvix: 2/759; dvZûj evix : 9/146, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, evBiæZ
574 mnxn eyLvix: 2/759
575 Dg`vZzj Kvix : 14/14, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
576 dvZûj evix : 9/138, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
280 `imyj wdK&n
Acv‡ik‡bi gva¨‡g Rivqy †K‡U †djv e¨ZxZ Av‡ivM¨ jvf Kiv m¤¢e, Zvn‡j weÁ
Øxb`vi gymwjg Wv³v‡ii civg‡k© Zv †K‡U †djv Rv‡qh| KviY Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Zi
GKwU g~jbxwZ n‡jv-
‫اﻟﻀﺮورات ﺗﺒﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺤﻈﻮرات‬
ÒA‡bvb¨vcvq cÖ‡qvRb wbwl× wRwbm‡K nvjvj K‡i †`q|Ó577
gvby‡li cÖvYbvk Riæi‡Zi AšÍf©y³| ZvB weÁ Øxb`vi gymwjg Wv³v‡ii civgk©µ‡g
hw` gwnjvi cÖvYbv‡ki K_v cÖgvwYZ nq, Zvn‡j G c×wZ MÖnY Kiv ˆea|
Ggwbfv‡e evisevi wmRv‡i mšÍvb MÖnY Kivi ci weÁ Øxb`vi gymwjg Wv³vi hw`
e‡j, Avi mšÍvb MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e bq (Z_v SuywKc~Y©), Zvn‡jI GB c×wZ MÖnY Kivi
AeKvk _vK‡e|
mviK_v, Rb¥wbqš¿Y c×wZ cÖ_gZ `yB cÖKvi| h_v : 1. A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v| 2. ¯’vqx
e¨e¯’v| A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v Avevi `yÕfv‡M wef³| h_v: K. mvgwqK e¨e¯’v| L. †gqv`x
e¨e¯’v| Mf©cvZ e¨ZxZ Dfq cÖKv‡ii ûKzg n‡jv cÖ‡qvRb n‡j gyevn, bZzev gvKiƒn|
Avi Mf©cvZ hw` †Kv‡bv A½ cÖKvk cvIqvi ci Kiv nq, Zvn‡j gvKiƒn Avi cÖKvk
cvIqvi c~‡e© Kiv n‡j, gyevn; Z‡e ZvKIqv cwicš’x| ¯’vqx e¨e¯’vi ûKzg n‡jv, Zv
bZzb ev cy‡iv‡bv †h †Kv‡bv c×wZ‡ZB †nvK, cyiæl ev gwnjv †hB MÖnY KiæK, Zv
†Kv‡bvfv‡eB Rv‡qh bq, eis me©ve¯’vq nvivg|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gydZx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
09 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

577 Avj Avkevn Iqvb bvhv‡qi: 1/251, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 Rb¥wbqš¿Y: kixÔAvZ Kx e‡j? 281

Aa¨vq: µq-weµq
282

cÖPwjZ †kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb

gvIjvbv Avey nvbxd wc‡ivRcyix
eZ©gv‡b †kqvi e¨emv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© evwYwR¨K iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q| Avgv‡`i †`‡k j¶
j¶ cwievi G e¨emvi mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶fv‡e RwoZ| wKš‘ A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q Gi
kiÔqx weavb cwi®‹vi bq| ZvB G wel‡q kiÔqx ch©v‡jvPbv †ck Kiv mg‡qi ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
`vwe| Z‡e g~j Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© †kqvi welqK wKQz cwifvlv cwi®‹vi K‡i †bqv
Avek¨K|
†kqv‡ii cwiPq
†kqvi (Share) GKwU Bs‡iwR kã, hv‡K Aviex fvlvq Ômvn&gybÕ, D`©y fvlvq ÔwnQ&QvÕ
Avi evsjvq Ask ejv nq|
cwifvlvq: †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwb (Askx`vwi Kviev‡ii wfwˇZ MwVZ cÖwZôvb) Gi Ask‡K
Ô†kqviÕ e‡j| Avi whwb †Kv¤úvwbi AvswkK gvwjKvbv jvf K‡ib Zv‡K Ô†kqvi
†nvìviÕ ejv nq|
†kqv‡i e¨emv: Lye mn‡R ej‡j, `yB-wZbRb wg‡j †Kv‡bv e¨emv KivB †kqv‡i
e¨emv| myZivs `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³i Askx`vwi‡Z †h e¨emv cwiPvwjZ nq, cÖKZ
…
A‡_© Zv-B †kqv‡i e¨emv| eZ©gvb cwifvlvq hv‡K Partnership ejv nq|
eZ©gvb †kqvi e¨emv: †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K cÖ_‡g †kqvi µq K‡i cieZx©‡Z Zv †m‡KÛvwi
gv‡K©‡U GKRb †_‡K Av‡iKRb µq K‡i| Gfv‡e nvZ e`j K‡i µq-weµq Kiv‡K
†kqvi e¨emv e‡j|
÷K-G·‡PÄ (Stock Exchange) Gi cwiwPwZ
†Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwb Aw¯ÍZ¡ jvf Kivi ci wbw`©ó As‡ki gv‡S Ab¨‡`i‡K Askx`vi nIqvi
my‡hvM w`‡q _v‡K| H †Kv¤úvwbi c¶ †_‡K Ab¨‡`i gv‡S Askx`vwiZ¡ eȇbi Rb¨
wewfbœ c¨v‡KR cÖvBgvwi gv‡K©‡U (Primary Market) Qvov nq| H c¨v‡KR‡K †kqvi
ejv nq| Avi mvaviY RbMY GK ev GKvwaK c¨v‡KR (†kqvi) µq Ki‡Z cv‡i| †h
†kqvi µq K‡i Zv‡K †kqvi †nvìvi (Share Holder) ejv nq|
†gvUK_v, cÖ_‡g †h gv‡K©‡U †kqvi Qvov nq Zv‡K cÖvBgvwi gv‡K©U (Primary
Market) e‡j|
A‡bK mgq †Kv¤úvwb‡Z †kqvi †nvìv‡ii wewb‡qvMK…Z UvKv †diZ †bqvi cÖ‡qvRb
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Zv‡K eva¨ n‡qB Kv‡iv AvMÖnx Kv‡Q wb‡Ri †kqvi wewµ Ki‡Z nq| G‡¶‡Î †h‡nZz
 cÖPwjZ †kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 283
†µZv mivmwi †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K †kqvi µq K‡i bv; eis †kqvi †nvìvi †_‡K
mvwU©wd‡KU MÖnY K‡i _v‡K, ZvB wØZxq ch©v‡qi GB †jb‡`b‡K †m‡KÛvwi gv‡K©U
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nq ga¨¯’ZvKvix †eªvKvi (Broker) A_©vr `vjvj, †h †µZv I we‡µZvi gv‡S m¤úK©
K‡i †`‡e| GB †eªvKviiv we‡µZv‡`i KvQ †_‡K wewµi AW©vi wb‡q †µZvi Kv‡Q
wewµ K‡i †`q| GLv‡b †hfv‡e we‡µZvi c¶ †_‡K †eªvKvi _v‡K †Zgwb †µZvi c¶
†_‡KI †eªvKvi _v‡K| Avi Dfq c‡¶i †eªvKv‡ii gv‡S †h †jb‡`b nq, Zv‡K G·‡PÄ
(Exchange) e‡j| Avi †hLv‡b GmKj †eªvKvi GKwÎZ n‡q †jb‡`b K‡i, Zv‡K
÷K G·‡PÄ (Stock Exchange) ejv nq| A_©vr ÷K G·‡PÄ Ggb evRvi‡K
e‡j, †hLv‡b †eªvKviiv GKwÎZ n‡q †kqvi µq-weµq K‡i|
†kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K cwi®‹vi n‡q‡Q †h, †kqvi µq weµq nq `yB gv‡K©‡U|
1. cÖvBgvwi gv‡K©U| 2. †m‡KÛvwi gv‡K©U|
kiÔqx weavb Rvbvi c~‡e© GKwU welq g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, †kqvi‡µZviv mevB GK
D‡Ï‡k¨ †kqvi µq K‡i bv| †KD g~j †Kv¤úvwbi Askx`vi nIqvi Rb¨B †kqvi µq
K‡i _v‡K| Zvi D‡Ïk¨ _v‡K, †Kv¤úvwbi Askx`vi n‡q jf¨vsk nvwmj Ki‡e| †KD
†kqvi µq K‡i e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨, A_©vr †Kv‡bv †Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi wK‡b †i‡L †`q|
cieZ©x mg‡q hLb †mB †Kv¤úvwbi †kqv‡ii `vg †e‡o hvq, ZLb wewµ K‡i|
cÖvBgvwi gv‡K©‡U †nvK ev †m‡KÛvwi gv‡K©‡U, †KD †Kv¤úvwbi jf¨vsk578 cvIqvi
Avkvq †kqvi µq Ki‡Z PvB‡j †m wKQz kZ© mv‡c‡¶ µq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GLb Avgiv
†Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi µq-weµq msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev Bb&kvAvjøvn|
GK. †h mKj †Kv¤úvwbi g~j Kvievimn Ab¨ mKj kvLvMZ Kvievi ˆea c×wZ‡Z
cwiPvwjZ, G ai‡bi †Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi µq Kiv Rv‡qh| G‡Z †Kv‡bv evav †bB|
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Askx`vi nIqv hvq|
†µZv †Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi µq K‡i †hfv‡e †Kv¤úvwbi AvswkK gvwjK n‡Z cv‡i, wVK
†Zgb Zvi gvwjKvbvaxb AskUzKz wewµI Ki‡Z cv‡i| †kqvi weµ‡qi A_© n‡jv
†Kv¤úvwbi mgy`q m¤ú` †_‡K Zvi mvwU©wd‡K‡U DwjøwLZ UvKvi mgcwigvY Ask
A‡b¨i Kv‡Q wewµ K‡i †`qv| Avi dzKvnv‡q †Kivg e‡jb, †Kv‡bv e¯‘‡Z GKvwaK

578 Avi hw` †kqvi µq-weµq A_©vq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ nq, Zvn‡j Gi ûKzg G cÖe‡Üi †k‡l Ôe¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †kqvi µq-
weµqÕ wk‡ivbv‡g Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e|
284 `imyj wdK&n
Askx`vi n‡j Zv †_‡K †Kv‡bv Askx`vi hw` wb‡Ri Ask wewµ Ki‡Z Pvq, Z‡e Zv
Rv‡qh|579
Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, K. †kqvi †Kbvi A_© †Kv¤úvwbi AvswkK gvwjK nIqv| Avi
mvaviY wbqg n‡jv, †kqvi †Kbvi ci ciB †Kv¤úvwbi c¶ †_‡K gvwjKvbv mvwU©wd‡KU
cÖ`vb Kiv nq bv| eis KL‡bv 4-5 w`b, KL‡bv Gi †P‡q †ewk mgq †j‡M hvq| Z‡e
†kqvi †Kbvi ciB †kqvi †nvìvi‡K GKUv A¯’vqx iwk` †`qv nq| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv,
†kqv‡ii gvwjKvbv mvwU©wd‡KU bv †c‡jI †Kej A¯’vqx iwk` Øviv †kqvi †nvìv‡ii
gvwjKvbv cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q wK bv? G Ae¯’vq †m Zv Ab¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡Q wewµ Ki‡Z cvi‡e
wK bv? Gi Reve n‡jv, wewµ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| KviY Zv‡K †h iwk` †`qv n‡q‡Q †h‡nZz
Zvi †¶‡Î GUv mevi Kv‡Q ¯^xK…Z gvwjKvbv WKz‡g›U| ZvB GB iwk` Kâv Ki‡jB †m
†kqv‡ii c~Y© gvwjK e‡j a‡i †bqv n‡e| Z‡e mZK©Zv n‡jv mvwU©wd‡KU nv‡Z cvIqvi
ci wewµ Kiv|
L. hw` †Kv¤úvwb GL‡bv †Kv‡bv cY¨ ev cÖ‡qvRbxq Avmeve, †gwkbvwi BZ¨vw` bv wK‡b
_v‡K- A_©vr †Kv¤úvwb Aw¯ÍZ¡ jvf K‡i‡Q e‡U wKš‘ Dbœqbg~jK †Kv‡bv Kvh©µg ïiæ
nqwb, G Ae¯’vq †kqvi wewµ Ki‡j mvwU©wd‡K‡U DwjøwLZ As‡Ki mgcwigvY g~‡j¨
wewµ Ki‡Z n‡e, Kg †ewk Kiv hv‡e bv| Ab¨_vq myw` Kvievi n‡e|
M. mvwU©wd‡K‡Ui Mv‡qi g~‡j¨i (Face Value- †dBm f¨vjy) †P‡q Kg-‡ewk K‡i
µq-weµ‡qi †¶‡Î †Kv¤úvwbi m¤ú~Y© cuywR Zij580 (Liquid Assets- wjKzBW
A¨v‡mU&m&) bM` A_© bv n‡Z n‡e| eis †Kv¤úvwbi wKQy cY¨-`ªe¨ (Fixed Assets-
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wewìs ˆZwi Ki‡jv, ev †gwkbvwi BZ¨vw` µq Ki‡jv wKsev cY¨ BZ¨vw` ˆZwii Rb¨
wewfbœ iKg Dcv`vb ev KvuPvgvj µq Ki‡jv| †gvUK_v hLb †Kv¤úvwb Zvi g~ja‡bi
GKvsk‡K `Öe¨MZ g~ja‡b iƒcvšÍi Ki‡e, Ges mg¯Í g~jab Zij bv n‡e, ZLbB
†kqvi‡K mvwU©wd‡K‡Ui Mv‡qi g~‡j¨i (Face Value- †dBm f¨vjy) †P‡q Kg ev
†ewk‡Z wewµ Kiv hv‡e|
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µq-weµ‡qi (‫ )ﺑﻴﻊ ﺳﻴﻒ ﻣﺤﻠﻰ‬gvmAvjvi AšÍfy©³ n‡q hvq| Avi ¯^Y©LwPZ Zievwi
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579 †n`vqv: 2/604, Avkivdx eyK wW‡cv mvnvivbcyi; wdKnx gvev‡nm: 16/73, B`vivZzj KzAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj
Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
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†hgb †Kv¤úvwbi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Rwg µq K‡i feb wbg©vY Kiv, †gwkbvwi BZ¨vw` µq Kiv, ˆZwi gvj ev cY¨ ˆZwii
Rb¨ wewfbœ Dcv`vb µq Kiv BZ¨vw`| Zvn‡j Zv‡K Zij A_© ejv n‡e|
 cÖPwjZ †kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 285
avh©KZ… ¯^‡Y©i cwigvY Zvi †P‡q †ewk n‡j wewµ mnxn n‡e, Kg n‡j mnxn n‡e bv|
Gi e¨vL¨v GB †h, avh©K…Z g~j¨ †_‡K Zievwi‡Z _vKv ¯^‡Y©i mgcwigvY ¯^Y©‡K
Zievwii ¯^Y© LwPZ As‡ki g~j¨ aiv n‡e| d‡j ¯^‡Y©i wewbg‡q mgZv i¶v nIqvi
Kvi‡Y GB wewbgq myw` †jb‡`‡bi AvIZvq co‡e bv| Avi g~‡j¨i Aewkó ¯^Y©-gy`ªv‡K
¯^Y©nxb As‡ki g~j¨ aiv n‡e| †h‡nZz Zievwi I gy`ªv mgRvZxq bq, AZGe G‡¶‡Î
mgZv i¶vi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv| ZvB G As‡k Kg †ewk n‡jI †jb‡`bwU ˆea n‡e|581
G †_‡K mvaviYfv‡e †evSv hvq †h, †Kv¤úvwbi AvswkK g~jab hw` `ª‡e¨ iƒcvšÍi Kiv
n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j †dBm f¨vjyi (Face Value) †P‡q †ewk †h †Kv‡bv `v‡g Zv µq-
weµq Kiv hv‡e| Z‡e †dBm f¨vjyi (Face Value) †P‡q Kg g~‡j¨ µq-weµq Kivi
†¶‡Î j¶ ivL‡Z n‡e †h, AvswkK g~jab `ª‡e¨ iƒcvšÍ‡ii ci Aewkó Zij g~ja‡bi
(Liquid Assets) AvbycvwZK nvi hZ `uvovq Zvi †P‡q Kg g~‡j¨ µq-weµq ˆea
n‡e bv| Zvi †P‡q †ewk g~‡j¨ µq-weµq Ki‡j ˆea n‡e| †hgb aiæb, †Kv¤úvwb Zvi
Kviev‡i DbœwZ Kivi d‡j GKk UvKv gvby‡li nv‡Z cvIbv (KR©) Avi GKk UvKv
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n‡jv 28/- UvKv| Q‡Ki gva¨‡g D`vniY:
DbœwZi d‡j †Kv¤úvwbi †gvU UvKv 280/-
wewìs 40/-
†gwkbvix 20/-
KuvPvgvj 20/-
bM` 100/-
KR© 100/-
GgZve¯’vq †kqv‡ii eª¨vK Ae †fjy ev GKwU †kqv‡ii eZ©gvb g~j¨ n‡e 28/- UvKv
A_©vr
wewìs 4/-
†gwkbvix 2/-
KuvPvgvj 2/-
bM` 10/-
KR© 10/-
†gvU 28/- UvKv
GgZve¯’vq (†kqvi †µZv‡`i g‡a¨) †Kv‡bv GKRb hw` wb‡Ri †kqvi wewµ Ki‡Z

581 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 3/222, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

286 `imyj wdK&n
Pvq Zvn‡j 21 UvKvi K‡g wewµ Kiv Zvi Rb¨ Rv‡qh n‡e bv|582
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mv‡_ RwoZ| †hgb e¨vsK †_‡K my`wfwËK †jvb MÖnY ev e¨vs‡K g~jab Rgv w`‡q my`
MÖnY BZ¨vw`| G mKj †Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi µq Kivi weavb Rvbvi c~‡e© K‡qKwU welq
Avgv‡`i j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
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Ô‡Kv¤úvwbi g~j cwiPvjK me wKQz K‡i _v‡K, GLv‡b Avgv‡`i †Kv‡bv nvZ †bB| ZvB
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Avgv‡`i Dci eZ©v‡e bv|Õ
Zvi KviY, cwiPvjK †h †KD †nvK bv †Kb, myw` Kviev‡i RwoZ n‡jB Askx`vi‡`i
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mn‡R Gfv‡e ejv hvq †h, GKwU †Kv¤úvwb ïiæ Kivi Rb¨ 20,000 UvKvi cÖ‡qvRb|
Zvi gv‡S D‡`¨v³viv 10,000 UvKv w`‡jv| 5,000 UvKv my‡`i Dci FY MÖnY Kij|
Avi evwK 5,000 UvKvi †kqvi Qvo‡jv| GLb †kqvi µ‡qi A_© n‡jv D³ my‡`i `vq
`vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡iB Askx`vi nIqv| GwU †Kv‡bvfv‡eB ˆea bq|
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`vwqZ¡ †Zv my‡`i we‡ivwaZv Kiv| KZ…©c‡¶i Avg‡j †bqv bv †bqv Zv‡`i e¨vcvi|
cÖ_‡gB hLb Avwg Rvwb †h, Avgvi K_v Avg‡j †bqv n‡e bv| GiciI Avwg †kqvi
MÖnY Kijvg| Zvi A_© `vov‡jv Avgvi K_v MÖnY Kiv n‡e bv Zviv Zv‡`i gZ myw`
Kviev‡i RwoZ _vK‡e, Zv Rvbv m‡Ë¡I Avwg †kqvi µq Kijvg| Gi kiÔqx ûKzg

582 wdKnx gvKvjvZ: 1/147-148, hghg eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`

 cÖPwjZ †kqvi µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 287
cvV‡Ki mn‡RB Aby‡gq †h, Zv Rv‡qh n‡e bv|
N. A‡bKB G ai‡bi †Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi µ‡qi K_v Avm‡jB nvKxgyj D¤§Z Avkivd
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Kiv ˆea e‡j‡Qb ZLbKvi Ae¯’v, cwiw¯’wZ I cÖ‡kœi ai‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i| Avi
ejv evûj¨ †h, ZLbKvi †kqvi weµq Avi GLbKvi †kqvi evRvi (÷K G·‡PÄ)
GK bq| eis `yÕ‡Uvi gv‡S wewfbœ w`K †_‡K we¯Íi ZdvZ i‡q‡Q| GQvov _vbfx ivn.
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wbZvšÍ AcviMZvi wkKvi G aib e¨w³ m¤ú‡K©| †h A_©vq‡bi Rb¨ ev e¨emvi Rb¨
†kqvi µq-weµq K‡i Zvi Rb¨ bq| †hgbwU Zuvi G e³e¨ †_‡K Aby‡gq|
‫ وأﻣﺎ‬،‫ أو اﺿﻄﺮ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫ إن ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ أﻣﺜﺎل ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﻟﻤﻦ اﺑﺘﻠﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ‬:‫ﻳﻘﻮل أﺷﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ‬
.‫ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻮﻗﻲ اﻟﻮرع‬
ÒAvkivd Avjx G g‡g© †NvlYv Ki‡Q †h, G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b GB Qvo I my‡hvM
m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c H e¨w³i Rb¨ †h GB wec‡` c‡o †M‡Q A_ev GB †jb‡`b Ki‡Z Pigfv‡e
eva¨ n‡q‡Q| Ggb e¨w³ Qvov Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ G †_‡K `~‡i _vKvB n‡”Q ZvKIqv|Ó583
Zvn‡j ¯úó †h, _vbfx ivn. ÔgyeZvjvwewnÕ (B‡Zvg‡a¨ †h Gai‡bi †jb‡`‡b Rwo‡q
c‡o‡Q) Qvov Ab¨‡`i‡K G ai‡bi †Kv¤úvwbi †kqvi µq †_‡K weiZ _vKvi civgk©
w`‡q‡Qb|
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†Kv¤úvwbi jf¨vsk cÖvwßi Rb¨| †h‡nZz G‡Z myw` †jb‡`‡b RwoZ n‡Z nq|
wZb. Abyiƒc †h mKj †Kv¤úvwbi g~j KvieviB nvivg, †m¸‡jvi †kqvi µq-weµq
†Kv‡bvfv‡eB Rv‡qh †bB|
e¨emvi D‡Ï‡k¨ †kqvi µq-weµq
A‡b‡KB Av‡Qb hviv †kqvi µq-weµq‡K e¨emv wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb| Zv‡`i
g~j KvR n‡jv, †kqvi wK‡b cieZ©x mg‡q `vg †e‡o †M‡j ÷K G·‡P‡Ä wewµ K‡i
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Ab¨ mKj kvLvMZ Kvievi my`gy³ nIqv I †Kv¤úvwbi m¤ú~Y© cuywR Zij bv nIqv;
eis wKQz A‡_©i cY¨-`ªe¨ _vKv|
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GK nvZ †_‡K Ab¨ nv‡Z cwieZ©b nq gvÎ|

583 Bg`v`yj dvZvIqv: 3/499, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

288 `imyj wdK&n
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jvf-†jvKmvb AvewZ©Z n‡”Q| hv my¯úó my`|
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mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
`viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix 29 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

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gvIjvbv Avãyj nvgx` wm‡jUx
GKUv hyM wQj, hLb gvbyl j¤^v mgq wb‡q †`‡L ï‡b, `i`vg K‡i µq-weµq KiZ|
wKš‘ e¨¯Í c„w_exi G mg‡q A‡b‡Ki GB dzimZUzKz †bB| eis †µZv-we‡µZv Df‡qiB
Pvwn`v GLb `ªæZZvi mv‡_ Sv‡gjvgy³ nIqv| gvby‡li GB Pvwn`vi d‡j µq-weµq
D™¢vweZ n‡q‡Q bZzb A‡bK c×wZ-cÖwµqv| m„wó n‡q‡Q A‡bK RwUjZv| e¶¨gvY
cÖe‡Ü Avgiv `i`vg Qvov µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡ev Bb&kvAvjøvn|
cÖ_‡g eûj cÖPwjZ c×wZ¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev| Gici †m¸‡jvi kiÔqx ch©v‡jvPbv
†ck Ki‡ev|
`i`vg Qvov µq-weµ‡qi cÖPwjZ wKQz c×wZ
1. †µZv c‡Y¨i Mv‡qi g~j¨ †`‡L `i KlvKwl Qvov Pvwn`vgZ cY¨ wb‡q †bq| Gici
g~j¨ bM` w`‡q †`q, A_ev evwK †i‡L cieZ©x mg‡q cwi‡kva K‡i|
2. we‡µZv †µZvi Pvwn`v †R‡b †m Abyhvqx cY¨ Zvi evmvq †cuŠ‡Q †`q Ges mv‡_
†g‡gv w`‡q †`q| Avi †µZv †g‡gv Abyhvqx g~j¨ cwi‡kva K‡i|
3. †µZv c‡Y¨i g~‡j¨i e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bviƒc AeMwZ QvovB cY¨ wb‡q †bq, A_ev
we‡µZv †µZvi Pvwn`v †R‡b Zvi Kv‡Q cY¨ cvwV‡q †`q| Avi we‡µZv wnmve K‡l
iv‡L| mßvn, gvm ev †h †Kv‡bv GKwU †gqv‡` †gvU wnmve †U‡b †`bv-cvIbv P~ovšÍ
K‡i| g~j¨ AMÖxg _v‡K KL‡bv wnmve Kivi ci g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kiv nq| †hgb hv‡q`
†`vKvb`v‡ii mv‡_ Gfv‡e mg‡SvZv Ki‡jv †h, †m Zvi wbKU †_‡K cY¨-`ªe¨ wb‡e
Ges GK gvm ci wnmve K‡i g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡e|
kiÔqx ch©v‡jvPbv
cÖ_g I wØZxq cÖKvi‡K kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq ‫( اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻲ‬gy‡L wKQz bv e‡j nv‡Z
nv‡Z µq-weµq) ejv nq|
Gai‡bi µq-weµq ˆea nIqvi e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Bgvg wfbœgZ †cvlY Ki‡jI
msL¨vMwiô BgvgMY GUv‡K ˆea e‡j‡Qb|584
Z„Zxq cÖKvi‡K kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq ‫( ﺑﻴﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺮار‬evB‡q Gm‡ZRivi) ejv nq| Avi
‫ اﺳﺘﺠﺮار‬kãwU ‫اﺳﺘﺠﺮ اﻟﻤﺎل‬
ّ (A_©vr Aí Aí K‡i gvj †bqv) †_‡K M„nxZ| G‡¶‡Î †h‡nZz
†µZv †ek wKQz w`b Aí Aí K‡i gvj wb‡q Gici GK mv‡_ wnmve P~ovšÍ K‡i, ZvB
dzKvnv‡q †Kivg GUv‡K ‫ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺮار‬bvg w`‡q‡Qb|

584 Avj gyMbx: 4/4-5 `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; eyûQ dx Kvhvqv wdKwnq¨v gyÔAvmviv: 1/51, gvKZvev‡q
`viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
290 `imyj wdK&n

‫ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻻﺳﺘﺠﺮار‬Gi we‡kl wKQz m~iZ I Zvi ch©v‡jvPbv

†`vKvb ev wecbb †K‡›`ªi gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ mg‡SvZv _v‡K †h, wbw`©ó †gqv` ch©šÍ Zvi
†_‡K evwK‡Z gvj †b‡e Ges †gqv` DËxY© n‡j `vg cwi‡kva Ki‡e Z‡e-
1. †µZv hLbB cY¨ †bq, we‡µZv g~j¨ e‡j †`q A_ev †µZv †h †Kv‡bvfv‡e g~j¨
†R‡b †bq| †gvUK_v, †µZv g~j¨ †R‡bB cY¨ †bq|
GB m~iZ c~e©v‡jvwPZ ‫ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻲ‬Gi g‡ZvB| †mUv‡K hviv Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡`i
Kv‡Q GUvI Rv‡qh| myZivs Rygûi (msL¨vMwiô) Bgv‡gi g‡Z Zv Rv‡qh|
2. †µZv cY¨ †bqvi mgq we‡µZv g~j¨ e‡j †`q bv| †µZvI Ab¨ gva¨‡g Zv Rvb‡Z
cv‡i bv| wKš‘ ïiæ †_‡KB Zvi we‡µZvi m‡½ Pzw³ n‡q Av‡Q †h, cY¨Uv †bqvi mg‡q
evRvig~j¨ hv n‡e †m wn‡m‡e g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡e| c‡Y¨i Ae¯’v‡f‡` GUv `yB ai‡bi
n‡Z cv‡i|
K. cY¨ Ggb †h, Zvi mg‡kªYxi gv‡S cwigv‡Y ZviZg¨ nq bv Ges g~j¨ ZviZg¨ nq
bv| d‡j Gi g~j¨ wba©viY Kiv wb‡q †Kv‡bviƒc weev` I RwUjZvq co‡Z nq bv|
Gai‡bi c‡Y¨ cwigvY wba©vwiZ nIqvB g~j¨ wba©vwiZ nIqvi kvwgj| d‡j †µZv cY¨
†bqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †jb‡`b P~ovšÍ n‡q hvq| eZ©gvb evRv‡i G RvZxq c‡Y¨i cwigvY
A‡bK †ewk| Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. µq-weµ‡qi †¶‡Î g~‡j¨i cwigvY Rvbv bv
_vK‡j Pzw³ mnxn nq bv G cÖm‡½ e‡jb-
‫ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺘﻪ أو ﺑﻤﺎ ﺣﻞ ﺑﻪ أو ﺑﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ أو ﺗﺤﺐ أو ﺑﺮأس ﻣﺎﻟﻪ أو ﺑﻤﺎ اﺷﺘﺮاﻩ أو‬:‫وﻣﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ وﻛﺬا ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ اﻟﻨﺎس إﻻ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻔﺎوت ﻛﺎﻟﺨﺒﺰ‬...‫ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ اﺷﺘﺮى ﻓﻼن ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز‬
.‫واﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬
Ò‡h ai‡bi Pzw³ Øviv µq-weµq mnxn nq bv Zvi wKQz n‡jv- cY¨ weµq Kiv
evRvig~‡j¨ wKsev Gi †h `vg Av‡m Zv w`‡q wKsev Zzwg hv PvI Zv w`‡q wKsev Gi g~j
`v‡g wKsev †m †h `v‡g µq K‡i‡Q Zv w`‡q wKsev AgyK e¨w³ †h `v‡g µq K‡i‡Q
Zvi mgcwigvY w`‡q| Abyiƒc µq-weµq Rv‡qh †bB hw` Gfv‡e Pzw³ K‡i,
†jvKR‡bi gv‡S G cY¨ †h g~‡j¨ µq-weµq nq Abyiƒc g~j¨ w`‡q| Z‡e hw` cY¨Uv
Ggb nq hvi (cwigvY I g~‡j¨) mvaviYZ ZviZg¨ nq bv| †hgb iæwU, †Mv¯Í BZ¨vw`|
(†m‡¶‡Î evRvig~‡j¨ µq-weµq Rv‡qh)|Ó585
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. e‡jb, µq-weµq mnxn nIqvi Rb¨ g~‡j¨i cwigvY
Rvbv _vKv kZ©, Ab¨_vq Pzw³ mnxn n‡e bv| †hgb-
‫ وﻣﻨﻪ‬... ‫ أو ﺑﻤﺎ اﺷﺘﺮاﻩ أو ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ اﺷﺘﺮاﻩ ﻓﻼن‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺘﻪ أو ﺑﺮأس ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬،‫ﻣﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن اﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻻ‬

585 dvZûj Kv`xi: 6/241, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

 `i`vg Qvov µq-weµ‡qi weavb 291
.‫أﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﺎﻟﻮ ﺑﺎﻋﻪ ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ اﻟﻨﺎس إﻻ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻔﺎوت‬
Òhw` c‡Y¨i g~j¨ AÁvZ _v‡K †hgb, †KD µq-weµq Ki‡jv Gfv‡e †h, cY¨
evRvig~‡j¨ weµq Kijvg wKsev Zvi g~j `v‡g wewµ Kijvg ev †Kbv `v‡g wewµ
Kijvg, A_ev AgyK †h `v‡g wK‡b‡Q Zvi mgcwigvY w`‡q wewµ Kijvg| (G mKj
†¶‡Î Pzw³ mnxn n‡e bv) Abyiƒc †KD ejj, †jvKRb †h g~j¨ w`‡q wewµ K‡i Avwg
Abyiƒc g~j¨ w`‡q wewµ Kijvg| Z‡e hw` cY¨Uv Ggb nq hvi (cwigvY I g~‡j¨i)
gv‡S mvaviYZ ZviZg¨ nq bv (Zvn‡j g~j¨ Rvbv bv _vK‡jI Pzw³ mnxn n‡e)|Ó586
L. †µZv cY¨ †bqvi mgq †Zv g~j¨ G‡Kev‡iB Zvi ARvbv _v‡K| Avevi evRv‡i
cY¨wUi mg‡kªYxi gv‡S cwigv‡Y I g~‡j¨ GZ e¨eavb †h, we‡µZv bv ej‡j Rvbv m¤¢e
bq| A_©vr †jb‡`b m¤úbœ nq g~j¨ Rvbv QvovB| A_P †µZvi wbKU g~j¨ AÁvZ
_vK‡j µq-weµq mnxn nq bv| ZvB evn¨Z Gai‡bi µq-weµq A‰ea nIqvi K_v|
wKš‘ nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cieZ©x BgvgMY G ai‡bi †jb‡`b Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb, hw`I cY¨
†bqvi mgq g~j¨ A¯úó _v‡K|
Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. G ai‡bi †jb‡`b cÖm‡½ e‡jb-
.‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺮﻩ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎع إذا ﺣﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺛﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﻬﻼﻛﻬﺎ ﺟﺎز اﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎﻧﺎ‬
Ògvbyl †`vKvb †_‡K Aí-mí wRwbm µq Ki‡Z _v‡K Ges Zv e¨envi Kivi ci g~j¨
wnmve K‡i cwi‡kva K‡i| GB c×wZ‡K ‫ اﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎﻧﺎ‬A_©vr m~² BR‡Znv‡`i wfwˇZ
Rv‡qh ejv n‡q‡Q|Ó587
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg wgmix ivn. e‡jb, Pzw³i gv‡S cY¨ Dcw¯’Z _vKv kZ© Z‡e wKQz
m~i‡Z Qvo †`qv n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
‫ اﻷﺷﻴﺎء اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﺎع ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ اﻟﺨﺮج‬:‫وﻣﻤﺎ ﺗﺴﺎﻣﺤﻮا ﻓﻴﻪ وأﺧﺮﺟﻮﻩ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﺠﻮز‬.‫ ﺛﻢ اﺷﺘﺮاﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ اﻧﻌﺪﻣﺖ ﺻﺢ إﻟﺦ‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺪس واﻟﻤﻠﺢ واﻟﺰﻳﺖ وﻧﺤﻮﻫﺎ‬،‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻌﺎدة ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﻊ‬
.‫ﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﺪوم ﻫﻨﺎ‬
Ò†jb‡`‡bi †h mKj m~i‡Z nvbvdx wdK‡ni BgvgMY Qvo w`‡q‡Qb Ges (wewbgq
A¯úó _vK‡j wewµ ï× nq bv) GB g~jbxwZi AvIZvfy³ a‡ibwb Zvi GKwU hv wKbqv
wKZv‡e D‡jøL i‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv Wvj, jeY, †Zj BZ¨vw` †h mKj wRwbm gvbyl mvaviYZ
cÖ‡qvRb gvwdK µq-weµ‡qi K_vevZ©v QvovB we‡µZvi KvQ †_‡K wb‡q Av‡m, Gici
†m wRwbm LiP Kivi ci µq-weµ‡qi Av‡jvPbv nq, G †jb‡`b ï× I kixÔAvZ
m¤§Z| myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q, eZ©gvb †bB Ggb wRwb‡mi µq-weµq ï×|Ó588

586 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 7/49, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

587 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 7/31, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
588 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 7/30-31, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
292 `imyj wdK&n
Dc‡iv³ e³e¨ †_‡K G welqwU ¯úó †h, G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡b g~j¨ I cY¨ msµvšÍ wKQz
kZ© cvIqv bv †M‡jI ‫ اﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎﻧﺎ‬Z_v m~² I DËg we‡ePbvq Rv‡qh ejv n‡q‡Q|
D‡jøL¨ †h, Gai‡bi †jb‡`‡bi †¶‡Î †µZv cY¨ MÖnYKv‡j g~j¨ AÁvZ _vKvq hw`I
weµq msNwUZ nq bv, wKš‘ †Kv‡bv †gqv‡` wM‡q hLb wnmve P~ovšÍ Kiv n‡e, ZLb GB
†jb‡`b c~Y©Zv jvf Ki‡e| hw`I G mgq cY¨Uv eZ©gvb _v‡K bv| hv µq-weµq mnxn
bv nIqvi Ab¨Zg KviY| wKš‘ c×wZwU Rbmvavi‡Yi gv‡S e¨vcKZv jvf Kivq Ges
†µZv-we‡µZvi gv‡S c~e© †_‡K GK cÖKvi mg‡SvZv _vKvq Rv‡qh ejv n‡q‡Q|
myZivs g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kivi mgq Pzw³wU c~Y©Zv jvf Ki‡jI µ‡qi mg‡qB cwic~Y©fv‡e
msNwUZ n‡q‡Q e‡j aiv n‡e| †hgb †Pvi, WvKvZ I wQbZvBKvix hw` A‡b¨i m¤ú‡`i
niY K‡i wbt‡kl K‡i †d‡j, Zvici Rwigvbv w`‡q †`q, Zvn‡j Zviv †m m¤ú‡`i
gvwjK n‡q hvq Ges Zvi gvwjKvbv aiv n‡e niY Kivi mgq †_‡K, Rwigvbv Av`v‡qi
mgq †_‡K bq|
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ‬،‫وﻣﺎ أﻓﺎدﻩ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ )أي ﻛﻼم ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﺪر( ﻣﻦ أن اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻐﺼﻮب ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ أداء اﻟﻀﻤﺎن‬
.‫اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ أداء اﻟﻀﻤﺎن اﻟﺤﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮن‬
‫ أي ﻓﻴﻜﻮن ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺑﺸﺮط اﻟﺨﻴﺎر ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﺮي ﻳﻤﻠﻜﻪ‬:(‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﺮاﻓﻌﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻪ )أي ﺗﺤﺖ ﻛﻼم ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﺪر‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮاء ﻋﻨﺪ ﺳﻘﻮط ﺧﻴﺎرﻩ‬
ÒAvjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. Gi e³e¨ †_‡K †h welqwU †evSv hvq, Zv n‡jv,
niYK…Z m¤ú‡` niYKvixi gvwjKvbv mve¨¯Í nq Rwigvbv Av`v‡qi c~‡e©B| Avi
Rwigvbv Av`v‡qi m‡½ SzjšÍ _v‡K niYK„Z wRwbmwU e¨env‡ii ˆeaZvi ûKzg| Avi
G gZwUB ewY©Z n‡q‡Q wdK‡ni cÖvq me ÔgZ‡bÕ|
Avjøvgv iv‡dqx ivn. Avjøvgv nvmKvdx ivn. Gi e³‡e¨i e¨vL¨vq e‡jb, Zvn‡j †Zv
GUv †µZvi Rb¨ †Lqv‡i kZ© (†µZvi Rb¨ cY¨ MÖnY Kiv bv Kivi my‡hvM _vKvi kZ©)
†i‡L wewµi gZ n‡jv, †hLv‡b †Lqv‡i k‡Z© mgq DËxY© n‡j µ‡qi Kvi‡YB †µZv
c‡Y¨i gvwjK n‡q hvq|Ó589
g~j¨ AMÖxg cwi‡kv‡ai ûKzg
G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡bi †¶‡Î KL‡bv †µZv gvme¨vcx †`vKvb †_‡K cY¨ †bq| g~j¨ gvm
†k‡l cwi‡kva K‡i| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq Ggb nq †h, †µZv c~‡e©B †`vKvb`vi‡K
UvKv w`‡q †`q Ges wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ cY¨ wb‡Z _v‡K Avi †`vKvb`vi Zvi AMÖxg UvKv
†_‡K g~j¨ †K‡U iv‡L| G c×wZi ûKyg cÖ_g c×wZi gZB|
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. e‡jb-

589 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 9/321, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

 `i`vg Qvov µq-weµ‡qi weavb 293
‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺒﺰ وﺟﻌﻞ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮم ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‬ ّ ‫ اﺷﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻣﺄة‬:‫ دﻓﻊ دراﻫﻢ إﻟﻰ ﺧﺒﺎز ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻮﻟﻮاﻟﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫ وﻟﻮ أﻋﻄﺎﻩ‬.‫ ﻓﻜﺎن اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻊ ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻻ‬،‫ ﻷﻧﻪ اﺷﺘﺮى ﺧﺒﺰا ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﺎر إﻟﻴﻪ‬،‫ وﻣﺎ أﻛﻞ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻜﺮوﻩ‬،‫أﻣﻨﺎء ﻓﺎﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﻓﺎﺳﺪ‬
،‫ وﻫﺬا ﺣﻼل‬،‫اﻟﺪراﻫﻢ وﺟﻌﻞ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮم ﺧﻤﺴﺔ أﻣﻨﺎء وﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺑﺘﺪاء اﺷﺘﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻳﺠﻮز‬
‫ واﻵن‬،‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﻌﻘﺪ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ اﻵن ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻲ‬،‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺑﻤﺠﺮد اﻟﻨﻴﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻌﻘﺪ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬،‫وإن ﻛﺎن ﻧﻴﺘﻪ وﻗﺖ اﻟﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﺸﺮاء‬
‫ ﻓﺈذا اﻧﻌﻘﺪ ﺑﻴﻌﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻲ وﻗﺖ‬،‫ ﻗﻠﺖ ووﺟﻬﻪ أن ﺛﻤﻦ اﻟﺨﺒﺰ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم‬.‫اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻊ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم ﻓﻴﻨﻌﻘﺪ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺎ اﻟﺦ‬
.‫ ﻓﻜﺬا إذا ﺗﺄﺧﺮ دﻓﻊ اﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﺑﺎﻷوﻟﻰ‬،‫اﻷﺧﺬ ﻣﻊ دﻓﻊ اﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ‬
ÒIqvj IqvwjwRq¨vn MÖš’Kvi e‡jb, hw` †KD iæwU we‡µZvi Kv‡Q UvKv Rgv †i‡L
e‡j, Avwg †Zvgvi KvQ †_‡K 100 gb (GK cÖKvi cwigvc) iæwU µq Kijvg|
AZtci †m we‡µZvi KvQ †_‡K cÖwZw`b 5 gb K‡i iæwU wb‡Z _v‡K, Zvn‡j GB
weµq Aï× e‡j MY¨ n‡e Ges †µZvi n¯ÍMZ iæwU¸‡jv LvIqv gvKiƒn n‡e| KviY
†m Awbw`©ó iæwU µq K‡i‡Q| d‡j cY¨ A¯úó i‡q †M‡Q| (Avi cY¨ A¯úó _vKv
µq-weµq ï× nIqvi c‡_ cÖwZeÜK|)
Avi hw` †µZv we‡µZv‡K wKQz UvKv w`‡q †`q| Avi cÖwZw`b Zvi KvQ †_‡K 5 gb
K‡i iæwU wb‡Z _v‡K| wKš‘ UvKv †`qvi mgq GK_v e‡jwb †h, Avwg †Zvgvi KvQ †_‡K
GZ¸‡jv iæwU µq Kijvg| GB c×wZ‡Z weµq ï× n‡e Ges GB iæwU¸‡jv LvIqv
nvjvj n‡e, hw`I UvKv †`qvi mgq iæwU µq Kivi B”Qv †_‡K _v‡K| KviY ïay
wbq‡Zi Øviv µq-weµq m¤úbœ nq bv; eis cY¨ MÖn‡Yi cÖv°v‡j ‫ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻲ‬Gi ZwiKvq
weµqUv msNwUZ nq| Avi GLb †Zv cY¨Uv wba©vwiZ| ZvB weµqUvI ï×iƒ‡c P~ovšÍ
n‡”Q|
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb, D³ c×wZ‡Z weµq msNwUZ nIqvi KviY GB †h, GLv‡b
iæwUi g~j¨ wba©vwiZ| Avi †µZv g~j¨ AMÖxg cwi‡kva Kiv m‡Ë¡I hLb cY¨ n¯ÍMZ
Kivi mgq weµqwU ‫ ﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻃﻲ‬wn‡m‡e mnxn n‡q hv‡”Q, †mLv‡b †h mKj c×wZ‡Z
†µZv g~j¨ c‡i cÖ`vb K‡i †m mKj †¶‡Î Rv‡qh nIqvi K_v †Zv ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡L
bv|Ó590
Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. ¯^xq MÖš’ ÔgyqvËvqÕ D‡jøL K‡ib-
.‫وﻻ ﺑﺄس أن ﻳﻀﻊ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ درﻫﻤﺎ ﺛﻢ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺮﺑﻊ أو ﺑﺜﻠﺚ أو ﻛﺴﺮ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم ﺳﻠﻌﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ‬
ÒGi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv Amyweav †bB †h, †Kv‡bv e¨w³ e¨emvqxi Kv‡Q GK w`invg †i‡L
†`q| AZtci e¨emvqx †_‡K H w`inv‡gi GK PZz_©vsk A_ev GK Z…Zxqvsk A_ev
†Kv‡bv wbw`©ó As‡ki wewbg‡q †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó cY¨ µq K‡i|Ó591

590 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 7/31 gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; Iqvj IqvwjwRq¨v: 3/149 `viæj Cgvb, BD wc
591 gyAvËv gv‡jK: 591
294 `imyj wdK&n
†gvUK_v, G mKj c×wZ‡Z UvKv c‡i cwi‡kva Kiv †nvK ev c~‡e©B UvKv Rgv ivLv
†nvK Dfq Ae¯’vq µq-weµq mnxn n‡e| †µZvi cY¨ MÖnY Kiv I e¨envi Kiv Ges
we‡µZviI g~j¨ †bqv I jvf Kivi e¨vcv‡i kiÔqx AvcwË †bB| GUvI g‡b ivL‡Z
n‡e †h, ˆea ZLb n‡e hLb †µZv I we‡µZvi gv‡S mg‡SvZv _vK‡e Ges SMov
weev‡`i Avk¼v _vK‡e bv| Z‡e mZK©Zv n‡jv cY¨ ¯^vfvweKfv‡e `i`vg K‡i µq
Kiv|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
29 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.
 295

wKw¯Í‡Z µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb

gvIjvbv knx`yj Bmjvg
wKw¯Í‡Z µq-weµq g~jZ evwK‡Z †jb‡`‡bi GKwU iƒc| hLb †_‡K gvby‡li
cvi¯úwiK †jb‡`b ïiæ, cÖ‡qvR‡bi ZvwM‡` ZLb †_‡KB Gi m~Pbv| Z‡e ¯’vb-Kvj-
cvÎ †f‡` Gi Pvwn`v, aib I c×wZ‡Z cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q gvÎ| eZ©gvb hyM †h‡nZz
A_©-evwY‡R¨i weKvk I wecø‡ei hyM, ZvB G mg‡q G‡m Gi Pvwn`v I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
eû¸‡Y e„w× †c‡q‡Q| d‡j G‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q bZzb A‡bK †KŠkj I c×wZ, m„wó
n‡q‡Q eû RwUjZv|
G ai‡bi †jb‡`‡bi g~jK_v n‡jv cY¨ bM`, g~j¨ evwK| †gŠwjKfv‡e evwK ev wKw¯Í‡Z
†jb‡`b DfqUvB kixÔAvZ Aby‡gv`b K‡i|
evwK‡Z †jb‡`b m¤ú‡K© Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb-
 KJIHGFEDCBA
Ò†n gywgbMY! hLb †Zvgiv G‡K A‡b¨i mv‡_ wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ F‡Yi Kvievi Ki,
ZLb Zv wjwce× K‡i bvI|Ó592
nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q, nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. e‡jb-
.‫إن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
اﺷﺘﺮى ﻃﻌﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻬﻮدي إﻟﻰ أﺟﻞ ورﻫﻦ درﻋﺎ ﻟﻪ‬
Òivm~j GK Bû`x †_‡K wbw`©ó †gqv‡`i evwK‡Z Lvevi µq K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Zuvi
GKwU eg© Bû`xi Kv‡Q eÜK †i‡LwQ‡jb|Ó593
Avi wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi e¨vcv‡i nhiZ evixiv ivwh. Gi nv`xmwU ¯úó-
‫ ﻛﺎﺗﺒﺖ أﻫﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺴﻊ أواق ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺎم‬:‫ ﺟﺎﺋﺖ ﺑﺮﻳﺮة ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‬: ‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬
.‫أوﻗﻴﺔ‬
ÒnhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. e‡jb, evixiv ivwh. Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m ej‡jv, Avwg Avgvi
gwb‡ei m‡½ bq DwKqvi wewbg‡q wKZvevZ Pzw³‡Z Ave× n‡qwQ| G k‡Z© †h, eQ‡i
GK DwKqv K‡i cwi‡kva Ki‡ev|Ó594
¯^vfvweKfv‡e evwK‡Z ev wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡b kixÔAv‡Zi c¶ †_‡K †Kv‡bv evav wb‡la
†bB| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b wKQz bZzb c×wZ hy³ nIqvq RwUjZv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q, ZvB Avgiv
Zvi kiÔqx mgvavb Zz‡j ai‡ev|

592 m~iv evKviv: 282

593 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 2386, 2509; mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1603
594 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 2168,2563; mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1504
296 `imyj wdK&n
wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi wKQz g~jbxwZ
GLb Avgiv wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi kixÔAvZ Aby‡gvw`Z cš’vmg~n Ges ˆea-A‰ea
†jb‡`‡bi gv‡S cv_©‡K¨i g~jbxwZmn Av‡jvPbv Kie| Z‡e Av‡jvPbvi mnRv‡_©
cÖ_‡g g~jbxwZ¸‡jv Lye ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv K‡i wbw”Q|
1g g~jbxwZ: evwK‡Z †jb‡`‡bi †¶‡Î UvKv Kg-‡ewk hvB avh© Kiv †nvK Zvi
m¤ú~Y©UvB c‡Y¨i wewbgq wn‡m‡e avh© Ki‡Z n‡e, †gqv‡`i wewbgq wn‡m‡e bq| A_©vr
GK gv‡mi evwK‡Z †Kv‡bv cY¨ µq Ki‡j g~j¨ c‡Y¨i wewbgq wn‡m‡eB w¯’i n‡e|
wKQz g~j¨ c‡Y¨i wewbgq Avi wKQz †gqv‡`i wewbgq Ggb bv n‡Z n‡e|
†gqv‡`i wewbgq avh© Kiv Ges evwK wewµ‡Z c‡Y¨i g~j¨ bM‡`i Zzjbvq †ewk avh©
Kiv; `ywUi cv_©K¨ A‡b‡Ki Kv‡QB A¯úó| d‡j †KD cÖ_gwU‡K nvivg †R‡b
wØZxqwU‡KI nvivg e‡j _v‡Kb| Avevi †KD wØZxqwU‡K ˆea †R‡b cÖ_gwU ˆea ejvi
†Póv K‡ib| A_P `ywUi cÖ‡qvM‡¶Î I ûKz‡gi gv‡S i‡q‡Q we¯Íi e¨eavb| cÖ_gwU
nvivg I my`x †jb‡`‡bi AšÍf©y³ Avi wØZxqwU ˆea|
Rv‡njx hy‡Mi gykwiKiv `yÕwU‡K GKB ai‡Zv| d‡j Zviv e‡j †dj‡jv-
VU
T

S
R
Òµq-weµq †Zv my‡`i gZ|Ó595
A‡bK eY©bv †_‡K eySv hvq †h, GLv‡b µq-weµq ej‡Z Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ H †ePv‡KbvB
wQj †hLv‡b evwKi Kvi‡Y we‡µZv `vg evwo‡q w`Z| Zv‡`i e³e¨ n‡jv, evwK‡Z
weµ‡qi mgq g~j¨ evwo‡q w`‡j Rv‡qh ejv nq| wKš‘ †µZv mgqgZ g~j¨ Av`vq
Ki‡Z bv †c‡i we‡µZvi Kv‡Q AviI mgq PvB‡j we‡µZv hw` AwZwi³ mg‡qi Rb¨
AwZwi³ g~j¨ `vwe K‡i, Zvn‡j Zv‡K my` I A‰ea ejv n‡”Q! Gi Dˇi Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb-

\[
Z
Y
X
W
ÒA_P Avjøvn µq-weµq‡K nvjvj I my`‡K nvivg K‡i‡Qb|Ó596
G †_‡K †evSv hvq, evwK weµ‡q g~j¨ evwo‡q w`‡j †mUv kixÔAvZ Aby‡gvw`Z µq-
weµ‡qiB AšÍfz©³| KviY ZLb cy‡iv g~j¨ avh© Kiv nq c‡Y¨i wewbg‡qB, hw`I Zv
mvaviY evRvig~j¨ A‡c¶v †ewk nq|
Avi my` n‡jv, hv †Kv‡bv c‡Y¨i wewbgq Qvov AwZwi³ avh© Kiv nq ev Ggb wKQzi
wewbgq wn‡m‡e avh© Kiv nq hv kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z wewbgq nIqvi †hvM¨ bq| †hgb
mg‡qi wewbgq avh© Kiv| kixÔAvZ mgq‡K wewbgq‡hvM¨ †Kv‡bv e¯‘ wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ
595 m~iv evKviv: 275
596 m~iv evKviv: 275
 ‫‪wKw¯Í‡Z µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb‬‬ ‫‪297‬‬
‫|‪†`qwb‬‬
‫‪nhiZ KvZv`v ivn. †_‡K Rvwnwjq¨v‡Zi my‡`i e¨vL¨vq GKwU †iIqv‡qZ D‡jøLc~e©K‬‬
‫‪nv‡dR Be‡b Rvixi Zvevix ivn. gykwiK‡`i DÌvwcZ AvcwËi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮن إﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ ‪-‬اﻟﺬي أﺣﻠﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻟﻌﺒﺎدﻩ‪ -‬ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺮﺑﺎ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ أن اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻮن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﻛﺎن إذا ﺣﻞ ﻣﺎل أﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺮﻳﻤﻪ ﻳﻘﻮل اﻟﻐﺮﻳﻢ ﻟﻐﺮﻳﻢ اﻟﺤﻖ‪ :‬زدﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺟﻞ وأزﻳﺪك ﻓﻲ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻜﺎن ﻳﻘﺎل ﻟﻬﻤﺎ إذا ﻓﻌﻼ ذﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻫﺬا رﺑﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈذا ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻻ‪ :‬ﺳﻮاء ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ زدﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ أول اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬
‫أو ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺬﺑﻬﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ :‬وأﺣﻞ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ÒZviv ej‡Zv, †h †ePv‡Kbv‡K Avjøvnv ZvÔAvjv ev›`v‡`i Rb¨ nvjvj K‡i‡Qb Zv †Zv‬‬
‫‪my‡`i gZB | †Kbbv Rvwnwjq¨v‡Z hviv my` MÖnY Ki‡Zv, †gqv` †kl nevi ci Zv‡`i‬‬
‫‪Kv‡Q FYMÖnxZviv G‡m ej‡Zv, Avgv‡K mgq evwo‡q w`b Avcbv‡K gvj (g~j¨) evwo‡q‬‬
‫‪w`e| Zviv Df‡q G KvR Ki‡j Zv‡`i‡K ejv n‡Zv, GUv my` hv nvjvj bq| Gi‬‬
‫×‪Dˇi Zviv ejZ- †ePv‡Kbvi ïiæ‡Z g~j¨e„w× wKsev mgq †kl nIqvi ci g~j¨e„w‬‬
‫‪DfqwUB Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q mgvb| Avjøvn cvK Zv‡`i wg_¨vqb K‡i Bikv` K‡ib- Avjøvn‬‬
‫‪†ePv‡Kbv‡K nvjvj K‡i‡Qb|Ó597‬‬
‫‪evwK weµ‡qi †¶‡Î †ewk g~j¨ MÖn‡Yi ˆeaZvi e¨vcv‡i AviI K‡qKwU eY©bv I‬‬
‫|‪Bgvg‡`i Dw³ j¶Yxq‬‬
‫‪nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. e‡jb-‬‬
‫رﺿﺎ‪598.‬‬ ‫ﻻ ﺑﺄس أن ﻳﻘﻮل ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻌﺔ‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ﺑﻨﻘﺪ ﺑﻜﺬا وﻧﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﺑﻜﺬا‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻔﺘﺮﻗﺎ إﻻ ﻋﻦ‬
‫‪Ò†Kv‡bv c‡Y¨i †¶‡Î GK_v ej‡Z Amyweav †bB †h, bM` n‡j GZ `vg Avi evwK‡Z‬‬
‫‪n‡j GZ `vg| Z‡e GK c¶ P~ovšÍ bv K‡i Pzw³i gRwjm fv½‡e bv|Ó599‬‬
‫‪nhiZ ZvDm I AvZv ivn. e‡jb-‬‬
‫‪600‬‬
‫ﻻ ﺑﺄس أن ﻳﻘﻮل‪ :‬ﻫﺬا اﻟﺜﻮب ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺑﻜﺬا‪ ،‬وﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﺑﻜﺬا‪ ،‬وﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ÒGK_v ejv‡Z Amyweav †bB †h, GB Kvco bM‡` GZ Avi evwK‡Z GZ| Z‡e Gi †h‬‬

‫‪597‬‬ ‫‪Zvdmx‡i Be‡b Rvixi: 3/142-143, `viæj wdKi‬‬

‫‪ 598‬أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ« ‪ ٥٩۲/۱۰‬ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد رﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ إﻻ أﺷﻌﺚ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻮار‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ« )‪: (٥٨٩۲‬‬
‫أﺷﻌﺚ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻮار ﻓﻴﻪ ﺿﻌﻒ وﻗﺪ وﺛﻖ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺪي ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ« ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻢ ﻟﻪ‪ :‬وﻟﻢ أﺟﺪ ﻷﺷﻌﺚ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺮوﻳﻪ ﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﻜﺮا‪ ،‬إﻧﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺣﺎﻳﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺨﻠﻂ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻨﺎد وﻳﺨﺎﻟﻒ‪ .‬روى ﻟﻪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪599 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: 10/592, nv`xm bs 20826, gvKZvev `viæj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v‬‬

‫‪ 600‬أﻣﺎ إﺳﻨﺎد ﻋﻄﺎء ﻓﺮﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت‪ ،‬وأﻣﺎ إﺳﻨﺎد ﻃﺎوس ﻓﺮﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت ﻏﻴﺮ ﻟﻴﺚ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻟﻪ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ« )‪ (۳۰۳۱‬وﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ إﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﻟﻴﺚ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﺻﺪوق ورﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻲء‪ .‬وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺪي ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ« ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻢ ﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﻟﻴﺚ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ أﺣﺎدﻳﺚ ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮت‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ روى ﻋﻨﻪ ﺷﻌﺒﺔ واﻟﺜﻮري وﻏﻴﺮﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻘﺎت اﻟﻨﺎس‪ ،‬وﻣﻊ اﻟﻀﻌﻒ اﻟﺬي ﻓﻴﻪ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ‪ .‬اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬
298 `imyj wdK&n
†Kv‡bv GKwU‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó601
2q g~jbxwZ: †µZv-we‡µZv Df‡q wg‡j Pzw³ P~ovšÍ Kiv-
K. cY¨ I Zvi ¸Yvejx wbwðZ Kiv|
L. evwK‡Z n‡j my¯úófv‡e GKwU †gqv` wba©viY Kiv|
M. Ges GKB mv‡_ GKwU g~j¨I wba©viY Kiv|
†Kbbv G welq¸‡jv A¯úó _vK‡j †µZv we‡µZvi gv‡S weev‡`i mg~n Avk¼v _v‡K|
Avi wdK‡ni GKUv ¯^Ztwm× g~jbxwZ nj-
.‫اﻟﺠﻬﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻔﻀﻴﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺎزﻋﺔ ﺗﻤﻨﻊ ﺟﻮاز اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬
Ò†h A¯úóZv weev` m„wói m¤¢vebv iv‡L Zv †jb‡`b ï× nIqvi c‡_ cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó
K‡i|Ó602
G msµvšÍ AviI cÖgvYvw` mvg‡b Avm‡Q|
3q g~jbxwZ: GKwU †gqv` I GKwU g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi ci hw` wba©vwiZ †gqv` AwZµvšÍ
n‡q hvq, A_P †µZv wba©vwiZ g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z bv cv‡i, Zvn‡j wej‡¤^i Kvi‡Y
wba©vwiZ g~‡j¨i evB‡i †Kv‡bv A_© avh© Kiv hv‡e bv|
4_© g~jbxwZ: wba©vwiZ †gqv‡`i Av‡MB UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡j wba©vwiZ g~j¨ †_‡K
Kgv‡bvI hv‡e bv; eis Pzw³i mgq hv avh© Kiv n‡qwQj Zvi cy‡ivUvB cwi‡kva I MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e|
3q I 4_© g~jbxwZi †¶‡Î GKwU we‡kl j¶Yxq welq n‡jv-
†KD Kv‡iv FY cwi‡kvaKv‡j FY`vZvi c¶ †_‡K †Kv‡bviƒc kZ© QvovB hw` wKQz
evwo‡q †`q Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav †bB| †Kbbv nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q- nhiZ Avey
ûivqiv ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻤﺴـﻮا ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺠﺪوا‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ اﻟﺘﻤﺴـﻮا ﻟﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳــﻦ ﺑﻌﻴﺮﻩ‬:
‫ﺟﺎء أﻋﺮاﺑﻲ ﻳﺘﻘﺎﺿــﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺑﻌﻴﺮا ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
.‫ إن ﺧﻴﺮﻛﻢ ﺧﻴﺮﻛﻢ ﻗﻀﺎء‬:
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬،‫ أوﻓﻴﺘﻨﻲ أوﻓﺎك اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻷﻋﺮاﺑﻲ‬، ‫إﻻ ﻓﻮق ﺳﻦ ﺑﻌﻴﺮﻩ‬
ÒnhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib, GK MÖvg¨ mvnvex ivm~j Gi Kv‡Q cvIbv
DU wb‡Z G‡j ivm~j Dcw¯’Z mvnvev †Kivg‡K ej‡jb, Zvi D‡Ui gZ GKUv
DU Luy‡R †ei Ki| ZLb mvnvev †Kivg A‡bK †Póv K‡iI Zvi D‡Ui eqmx †Kv‡bv DU
†c‡jb bv, eis Zvi D‡Ui †P‡q eq‡m eo DbœZ GKUv DU G‡b Zv‡K w`‡jb| ZLb
MÖvg¨ mvnvex ivm~j †K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i ej‡jb, Avgvi FY †hfv‡e Av`vq K‡i‡Qb
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Avcbv‡K Gi h_vh_ cÖwZ`vb w`b| ZLb ivm~j ej‡jb,

601 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: 10/593, nv`xm bs 20832, gvKZvev `viæj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v
602 †n`vqv: 3/21, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 wKw¯Í‡Z µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 299
†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg †mB, †h cvIbv`v‡ii cvIbv DËgiƒ‡c Av`vq K‡i|Ó603
Z`ªƒcfv‡e F‡Yi †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi Av‡M FY MÖnYKv‡j †Kv‡bviƒc kZ© QvovB hw`
cvIbv`vi F‡Yi cwigvY †_‡K wKQz Kwg‡q iv‡L Zvn‡j Zv‡ZI †Kv‡bv Amyweav †bB|
Bgvg Avey eKi Rvm&mvm ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻋﺠﻞ ﻟﻲ وأﺿﻊ ﻋﻨﻚ ﻓﺠﺎﺋﺰ أن ﻳﻜﻮن أﺟﺎزوﻩ إذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﺷﺮﻃﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ‬:‫وﻣﻦ أﺟﺎز ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻒ إذا ﻗﺎل‬
.‫وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺄن ﻳﻀﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﺷﺮط وﻳﻌﺠﺐ اﻵﺧﺮ اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﺷﺮط‬
Ò†h mKj Bgvg FY ZvovZvwo cwi‡kva Ki‡j F‡Yi cwigvY Kwg‡q †`qv‡K Rv‡qh
e‡j‡Qb, Zviv GUv‡K ZLbB Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb, hLb Zv Kiv n‡e †Kv‡bviƒc kZ©
Qvov|Ó604
GLb Avgiv wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi kixÔAvZ Aby‡gvw`Z cš’v¸‡jvi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY †`‡ev
Ges eZ©gvb evRv‡ii eûj cÖPwjZ K‡qKwU cš’v D‡jøLc~e©K kiÔqx g~jbxwZi Av‡jv‡K
†m¸‡jvi ch©v‡jvPbv Kie| BbkvAvjøvn|
wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi kixÔAvZ Aby‡gvw`Z cš’vmg~‡ni bgybv
cÖ_g cÖKvi: †µZv we‡µZv Dfq c‡¶i gv‡S m¤úbœ GKwU Pzw³i weeiY-
1. c‡Y¨i weeiY: . . .
2. c‡Y¨i g~j¨: 5000 UvKv
3. evwKi †gqv`: 5 eQi| 1jv Rvbyqvix 2014 Bs †_‡K 30†k wW‡m¤^i 2018 Bs|
cÖwZ gv‡m 83.33 UvKv K‡i Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
GLv‡b Pzw³i GKwU gvÎ †gqv` I GKwU g~j¨ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| DwjøwLZ g~j¨wU hw`I
eZ©gvb evRvig~j¨ A‡c¶v †ewk nq ZeyI K‡qKwU k‡Z© GB †jb‡`bwU
kixÔAvZm¤§Z|
1g kZ©: cÖwZkÖæZ †gqv` AwZµvšÍ n‡j wba©vwiZ g~‡j¨i evB‡i †Kv‡bv A_© Av`v‡qi
kZ© Kiv hv‡e bv|
KviY GUv AvK‡`i (µq-weµq Pzw³i) gv‡S wbwl× kZ© nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ my‡`i
GKUv cÖKvi n‡q hvq| cÖvPxb Rv‡njx hy‡M †hiKg my‡`i cÖPjb wQj| nv`xm kix‡d
Gi we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv cvIqv hvq| nhiZ hv‡q` Be‡b Avmjvg iv. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ أﺗﻘﻀﻲ أم ﺗﺮﺑﻲ؟‬:‫ ﻓﺈذا ﺣﻞ اﻷﺟﻞ ﻗﺎل‬.‫ﻛﺎن اﻟﺮﺑﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﻖ إﻟﻰ أﺟﻞ‬
.‫ﻓﺈن ﻗﻀﻰ أﺧﺬ وإﻻ زادﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻪ وأﺧﺮ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺟﻞ‬
ÒRv‡njx hy‡Mi my‡`i GKUv cÖKvi wQ‡jv Ggb, hw` Kv‡iv Kv‡Q †gqv`x ‡Kvb cvIbv

603 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 8897; mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1601

604 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj Rvm&mvm: 2/187, `viæ BnBqvBZ ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
300 `imyj wdK&n
_vKZ, wKš‘ †mB †gqv‡`i †fZi FYx e¨w³ FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z bv cvi‡Zv, ZLb
cvIbv`vi FYx‡K ej‡Zv, FY cwi‡kva Ki‡e bvwK UvKv AviI evwo‡q †`‡e? AZtci
†m hw` FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Zv Zvn‡j †Zv wb‡q wbZ| Ab¨_vq F‡Yi cwigvY evwo‡q
w`‡Zv Ges †gqv`I `xN© K‡i w`‡Zv|Ó605
2q kZ©: †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi Av‡M UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z cvi‡j wba©vwiZ g~j¨ †_‡K
UvKv KZ©b Kivi kZ©I Kiv hv‡e bv| †Kbbv nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q, nhiZ Be‡b Igi
I Bebyj gymvBwq¨e ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ وﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ أﺣﺪا‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﻌﻤﺮ‬.‫ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ ﺣﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ رﺟﻞ إﻟﻰ أﺟﻞ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم ﻓﺘﻌﺠﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ وﺗﺮك ﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ رﺑﺎ‬
606
.‫ﻗﺒﻠﻨﺎ إﻻ وﻫﻮ ﻳﻜﺮﻫﻪ‬
Òhw` Kv‡iv Kv‡Q †gqv`x FY cvIbv _v‡K, AZci †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi Av‡MB
cvIbv`vi wba©vwiZ cvIbv †_‡K wKQz Kwg‡q †bqvi k‡Z© Aewkó UvKv AMÖxg MÖnY K‡i
Zvn‡j Zv my` n‡e|Ó607
Avi GB gZB MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Pvi gvhnv‡ei BgvgMYmn cÖvq me dKxn I gynvwÏm|
Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. e‡jb-
‫واﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﻤﻜﺮوﻩ اﻟﺬي ﻻ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ إﻟﻰ أﺟﻞ ﻓﻴﻀﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﺑﻤﻨﺰﻟﺔ اﻟﺬي ﻳﺆﺧﺮ دﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻏﺮﻳﻤﻪ وﻳﺰﻳﺪ اﻟﻐﺮﻳﻢ ﻓﻲ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‬.‫وﻳﻌﺠﻠﻪ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬
.‫ ﻓﻬﺬا رﺑﺎ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺷﻚ ﻓﻴﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬. ‫ﺛﻤﻨﻪ‬
Ò†h welqwU AcQ›` nIqvi e¨vcv‡i †Kv‡bv wØgZ †bB Zv n‡jv, †KD Kv‡iv Kv‡Q
GKUv †gqv`x FY cvIbv| GgZve¯’vq cvIbv`vi †gvU F‡Yi wKQz Ask Kwg‡q w`‡jv
Aewkó FYUv †gqv‡`vËxY© nIqvi Av‡MB cwi‡kva Kivi k‡Z©| wZwb e‡jb, GB
†jb‡`b H Kviev‡ii gZB n‡jv, †hLv‡b F‡Yi †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi ci FYx F‡Yi
cwigvY evwo‡q w`‡jv Ges cvIbv`vi evwo‡q w`‡jv †gqv`| GmeB my`, G‡Z †Kv‡bv
m‡›`n †bB| gvÔgvi ivn. e‡jb, Avgvi Rvbvg‡Z c~e©eZ©xivI G‡K AcQ›`
Ki‡Zb|Ó608
Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ‬.‫ ﻣﻦ وﺟﺐ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ إﻧﺴﺎن إﻟﻰ أﺟﻞ ﻓﺴﺄل أن ﻳﻀﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ وﻳﻌﺠﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻰ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﺒﻎ ذﻟﻚ‬.‫وﺑﻬﺬا ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‬
‫ وﻫﻮ ﻗﻮل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺎب وزﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ وﻋﺒﺪ‬.‫ ﻓﻜﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﺒﻴﻊ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻧﻘﺪا ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ دﻳﻨﺎ‬.‫ﻳﻌﺠﻞ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ دﻳﻨﺎ‬
.‫ وﻫﺬا ﻗﻮل أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ‬.‫اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ‬

605 gyAvËv: 606, cÖKvkK: b~i gynv¤§`, wZRvi‡Z KZze AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
.‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ« ورﺟﺎل اﻹﺳﻨﺎد ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﺛﻘﺎت‬606
607 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 8/71, nv`xm bs 14354, B`vivZzj KyiAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgqv, cvwK¯Ívb
608 gyAvËv gv‡jK: 606, cÖKvkK: b~i gynv¤§`, wZRvi‡Z KZze AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 wKw¯Í‡Z µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 301
ÒDc‡i †h gZ D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q Avgv‡`iI G wel‡q GKB gZ| A_©vr †KD hw`
Kv‡iv Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv †gqv`x FY cvIbv _v‡K, AZtci †m FYx‡K GB cÖ¯Íve †`q †h,
Zzwg †gqv‡`i Av‡MB w`‡q `vI, Avwg F‡Yi cwigvY wKQz Kwg‡q †`e| GUv G‡Kev‡iB
AbywPZ KvR| wbw`©ó †gqv‡`i FY †gqv‡`i Av‡M Kwg‡q Dm~j Kiv Rv‡qh †bB|
†Kbbv, GLv‡b †hb †m †gqv`x GKUv †gvUv A‡¼i F‡Yi wewbg‡q MÖnY Ki‡jv bM`
¯^í cwigv‡Yi A_©| Avi GB GKB gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb nhiZ Igi ivwh. Be‡b Igi
ivwh. I hv‡q` Be‡b Qv‡eZ ivwh.| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. GB Awfbœ gZB †cvlY
K‡i‡Qb|Ó609
2q cÖKvi: †Kv‡bv we‡µZv c‡Y¨i `vg Gfv‡e †ck Ki‡jv-
1. c‡Y¨i bM` g~j¨: 14000 UvKv
2. 5 eQi †gqv`x evwK g~j¨: 20000 UvKv
GLv‡b wKš‘ bM` I evKx‡K †K›`ª K‡i `yB ai‡bi cÖ¯Íve †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q| K‡qKwU
k‡Z© GB †jb‡`bwUI ï× I kixÔAvZm¤§Z|
1g kZ©: Pzw³‡Z bM`-evKxi †h `yÕwU w`K D‡jøL Av‡Q, gRwj‡m _vK‡ZB Zvi †Kv‡bv
GKwU‡K P~ovšÍ K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| A_©vr hw` bM` nq Zvn‡j †Zv n‡jv| Avi evwK n‡j
wbw`©ó GKUv †gqv` Ges GKUv g~j¨ wba©viY K‡i Pzw³ P~ovšÍ Ki‡Z n‡e|
G e¨vcv‡i nv`xm I wdKn MÖ‡š’i e³e¨ wbgœiƒc-
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
610.‫ﺑﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﻰ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻦ ﺑﻴﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ أﺑﻴﻌﻚ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺜﻮب ﺑﻨﻘﺪ ﺑﻌﺸﺮة‬:‫ ﺑﻴﻌﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻌﺔ أن ﻳﻘﻮل‬:‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬،‫ وﻗﺪ ﻓﺴﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬:‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي‬
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻓﺎرق ﻋﻠﻰ أﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺄس إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻌﻘﺪة ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ وﻻ ﻳﻔﺎرﻗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺣﺪ اﻟﺒﻴﻌﺘﻴﻦ‬،‫وﺑﻨﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﺑﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬
.‫أﺣﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn GK Pzw³i gv‡S `yB Pzw³ Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg wZiwghx in.
e‡jb, BgvgMY GB nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq e‡j‡Qb, GK Pzw³‡Z `yB Pzw³ Kivi A_© n‡jv-
Ô‡Kvb we‡µZv ej‡jv GB KvcoUv bM‡` 10 UvKv Avi evwK‡Z 20 UvKv| wKš‘ GB
`yB cÖ¯Ív‡ei †Kv‡bv GKUv P~ovšÍ bv K‡iB †µZv we‡µZv Pzw³i gRwjm Z¨vM Ki‡jv|Õ
hw` †Kv‡bv GKwUv cÖ¯Íve P~ovšÍ bv K‡iB gRwjm Z¨vM K‡i, Zvn‡j GB †jb‡`bUv
ï× n‡e bv | Avi hw` †Kv‡bv GKUv cÖ¯Íve P~ovšÍ K‡iB gRwjm Z¨vM K‡i Zvn‡j
†jb‡`bU n‡q hv‡e| G‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav †bB|Ó611

609 gyqvËv gynv¤§`: 334, Bqvwmi b`xg GÛ †Kv¤úvwb, †`Ie›`

.‫ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻋﻨﺪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ أﺑﻲ ﻫﺮﻳﺮة ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي‬610
611 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 1/233, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
302 `imyj wdK&n
Avi gvemyZ wKZv‡e Bgvg mvivLmx in. e‡jb-
‫إﻟﻰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻜﺬا أو إﻟﻰ ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻜﺬا‬: ‫وإذا ﻋﻘﺪ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ إﻟﻰ أﺟﻞ ﻛﺬا ﺑﻜﺬا وﺑﺎﻟﻨﻘﺪ ﺑﻜﺬا أو ﻗﺎل‬
‫ وﻫﺬا ﻫﻮ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﻦ‬.‫ وﻟﻨﻬﻲ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻋﻦ ﺷﺮﻃﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻊ‬،‫ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺎﻃﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم‬.‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﻓﺎﺳﺪ‬
‫ ﻓﺎن ﻛﺎﻧﺎ ﻳﺘﺮاﺿﻴﺎن ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻔﺮﻗﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺎﻃﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم وأﺗﻤﺎ‬،‫ وﻫﺬا إذا اﻓﺘﺮﻗﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا‬...‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻊ‬
.‫ ﻷﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﺎ اﻓﺘﺮﻗﺎ إﻻ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻤﺎم ﺷﺮط ﺻﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬.‫اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺟﺎﺋﺰ‬
Ò†Kv‡bv Pzw³ hw` m¤úbœ Kiv nq Gfv‡e, cY¨wU AgyK †gqv` ch©šÍ evwK‡Z GZ UvKv,
Avi bM‡` n‡j GZ UvKv| wKsev hw` Gfv‡e e‡j, GK gv‡mi evwK‡Z wb‡j GZ UvKv|
Avi `yB gv‡mi evwK‡Z wb‡j GZ UvKv, Zvn‡j GB †jb‡`bwUv evwZj| †Kbbv Avi
GKwU wba©vwiZ g~‡j¨i Dci Pzw³wU m¤úbœ nqwb| Av‡iKwU KviY n‡jv, ivm~j mv. GKUv
†jb‡`‡bi gv‡S `yB ai‡bi cÖ¯Íve Ry‡o w`‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨
m~iZwU GgbB| Avi Pzw³Uv ZLbB evwZj n‡e hLb †Kv‡bv GKUv cÖ¯Íve P~ovšÍ bv
K‡iB Zviv Pzw³i gRwjm Z¨vM Ki‡e| c¶všÍ‡i Zviv hw` cvi®úwiK mš‘wóµ‡g
GKUv g~j¨ P~ovšÍ K‡i †Zv Dci Pzw³ m¤úbœ K‡i, Zvn‡j Pzw³ Rv‡qh e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
†Kbbv ZLb †jb‡`b ï× nIqvi hveZxq kZ© c~Y© K‡iB Zviv gRwjm Z¨vM
K‡i‡Q|Ó612
2q kZ©: wKw¯Í cwi‡kv‡a wej¤^ n‡j ev wba©vwiZ †gqv‡` UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j
wej‡¤^i Kvi‡Y wba©vwiZ g~‡j¨i evB‡i †Kv‡bv A_© avh© Kiv hv‡e bv| G wel‡qi
cÖgvYvw` wcQ‡b Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
3q kZ©: †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi Av‡M cvIbv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z cvi‡j wba©vwiZ FY †_‡K
KZ©b Kivi kZ© KivI hv‡e bv| Gi cÖgvYvw`I wcQ‡b Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
3q cÖKvi: †Kv‡bv we‡µZv Zvi c‡Y¨i g~j¨ †ck Ki‡jv Gfv‡e-
1. bM` g~j¨: 10,000 UvKv
2. 1 eQi †gqv`x evwK g~j¨: 12,000 UvKv
3. 2 eQi †gqv`x evwK g~j¨: 14,000 UvKv
GLv‡b wKš‘ ïay evwK bM‡`i e¨eav‡b g~‡j¨i ZviZg¨ eY©bvq mxgve× _v‡Kwb; eis
†gqv‡`i e¨eav‡b g~‡j¨i e¨eav‡biI GKUv j¤^v wdwi¯Í¨ j¶¨ Kiv hv‡”Q|
G ai‡bi m~i‡Zi e¨vcv‡i gydZx ZvKx Imgvbx nvwdhvûjøvn e‡jb,
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ إذا ﺟﺎز اﺧﺘﻼف‬،‫ وﻗﻴﺎس ﻗﻮﻟﻬﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ أن ﻳﺠﻮز ذﻟﻚ أﻳﻀﺎ‬،‫ﻟﻢ أر ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺤﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء‬
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻓﺎرق ﺑﻴﻦ‬،‫ ﺟﺎز اﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﺎس آﺟﺎل ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬،‫اﻷﺛﻤﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﺎس ﻛﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﺪا أو ﻧﺴﻴﺌﺔ‬
.‫اﻟﺼﻮرﺗﻴﻦ‬

612 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 13/7-8, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

 wKw¯Í‡Z µq-weµ‡qi kiÔqx weavb 303
ÒGgb m~i‡Zi †¶‡Î Bgvg‡`i c¶ †_‡K my¯úó †Kv‡bv e³e¨ Avgvi `„wó‡MvPi nqwb|
Z_vwc G e¨vcv‡i Zuv‡`i †_‡K ewY©Z mvgwMÖK e³‡e¨i †hŠw³K `vex GUvB †h, Ggb
†jb‡`bI Rv‡qh| KviY bM` evwKi e¨eavb‡K †K›`ª K‡i hLb g~‡j¨i ZviZg¨ Kiv
ˆea, ZLb †gqv‡`i wewfbœZv‡K †K›`ª K‡i g~‡j¨i ZviZg¨ Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav
†bB| †Kbbv ev¯Í‡e Dfq m~i‡Zi gv‡S †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †bB|Ó613
myZivs Av‡Mi m~i‡Z ewY©Z 3wU k‡Z© GB †jb‡`bvI ï×| h_v:
1. gRwj‡m _vK‡Z †Kv‡bv GKv cÖ¯Íve P~ovšÍ K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
2. wKw¯Í Av`v‡q wej¤^ n‡j ev wba©vwiZ †gqv‡` FY Av`vq Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j AwZwi³
†Kv‡bv A_© avh© Kiv hv‡e bv |
3. †gqv` DËxY© nIqvi Av‡M FY cwi‡kva Ki‡j wba©vwiZ FY †_‡K KZ©b KivI hv‡e
bv|
GLb Avgiv eZ©gv‡b wKw¯Í‡Z †jb‡`‡bi eûj cÖPwjZ A_P A‰ea K‡qKwU c×wZ
D‡jøL K‡i ewY©Z g~jbxwZi Av‡jv‡K †m¸‡jvi ch©v‡jvPbv Kie|
GK. gvwjK c¶ c‡Y¨i g~j¨ Gfv‡e †ck Ki‡jv- c‡Y¨i g~j¨: 2000 UvKv| Avi cÖwZ
eQi w`‡Z n‡e AwZwi³ 500 UvKv K‡i| GLb †h Kq eQ‡ii evwK‡Z wb‡e †m Abyhvqx
g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡e Ges GK_vi DciB Dfq c‡¶i gv‡S Pzw³ m¤úbœ n‡jv|
ch©v‡jvPbv: †µZv hw` Gai‡bi †jb‡`‡b ivwRI n‡q hvq ZeyI Zv evwZj| †Kbbv
GLv‡b evwZj nIqvi K‡qKwU KviY GKwÎZ n‡q‡Q|
K. Avgv‡`i ewY©Z g~jbxwZi cÖ_gwU n‡jv- UvKv hv avh©© Kiv n‡e Zvi cy‡ivUvB n‡Z
n‡e c‡Y¨i g~j¨ wn‡m‡e| wKš‘ GLv‡b c‡Y¨i g~j¨ avh© Kiv n‡q‡Q 2000 UvKv| Avi
cÖwZ eQi †h AwZwi³ 500 UvKv cwi‡kva Kivi kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv my¯úó my`|
L. Avgv‡`i ewY©Z g~jbxwZi wØZxqwU n‡jv- gRwj‡m _vK‡ZB GKwU †gqv` I GKwU
g~j¨ wbwðZ K‡i Pzw³ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b †m kZ©wUI Abycw¯’Z|
`yB. gvwjK c¶ c‡Y¨i g~j¨ †ck Ki‡jv Gfv‡e, c‡Y¨i g~j¨ 200 UvKv Avi cÖwZ
gv‡m hy³ n‡e AwZwi³ 5% K‡i| GK_vi DciB Dfq c‡¶i gv‡S Pzw³ m¤úbœ
n‡jv|
ch©v‡jvPbv: Av‡Mi cÖKv‡ii gZ G cÖKviI evwZj| KviY GLv‡b 1g I 2q g~jbxwZi
kZ©¸‡jv jw•NZ n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i ewY©Z 1g g~jbxwZ wQj, †h A_© avh© Kiv n‡e Zvi
cy‡ivUvB n‡e c‡Y¨i g~j¨ wn‡m‡e| A_P GLv‡b c‡Y¨i g~j¨ avh© Kiv n‡q‡Q 200
UvKv| Avi cÖwZ gv‡m †h AwZwi³ 5% Av`v‡qi kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv my¯úó my`|
ZvQvov 2q g~jbxwZ‡Z kZ© wQj GKwU †gqv` I GKwU g~j¨ wbwðZ K‡i Pzw³ P~ovšÍ

613 eyûQ dx Khvqv wdnwnq¨v gyAvmviv: 1/9 gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
304 `imyj wdK&n
Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b †mB kZ©wUI i¶v Kiv nqwb|
Dciš‘ GUv my`x †jb‡`‡bi GKUv N„Y¨Zg cÖKvi, hv mgv‡R `wi`ªZv wRB‡q iv‡L Ges
mvaviY gvbyl‡K †`Dwjqv evbv‡bvi Kvh©Kix †KŠkj wn‡m‡e cÖgvwYZ|
G cÖKvi †jb‡`‡bi RNb¨Zvi Avi GKwU w`K n‡jv, G‡Z PµvKv‡i my` Av‡m| †hgb
aiæb- †KD GKUv cY¨ µq Ki‡jv 200 UvKv g~‡j¨| G‡Z my` Avm‡e gvwmK 5%
nv‡i| GLb 1 gv‡mi g‡a¨ UvKvUv cwi‡kva Ki‡j Zv‡K w`‡Z n‡e 210 UvKv| 2q
gv‡m w`‡j cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e 220.50 UvKv| c‡Y¨i g~j¨ 200 UvKv + MZ gv‡mi
my` 10 UvKv + GB gv‡m 200 UvKv c‡Y¨i g~‡j¨i Dc‡i my` 10 UvKv + MZ gv‡mi
my‡`i 10 UvKvi Dc‡i my` 0.50 UvKv = 220.50 UvKv| Gfv‡e cÖwZ gv‡m weMZ
gv‡mi my‡`i Dci my` Avm‡Z _vK‡e| d‡j nvRvi UvKvi FY j¶ UvKv Qvwo‡q hvq|
GK ch©v‡q my‡`i gvmyj w`‡Z wf‡UgvwUI nviv‡Z nq|
A‡b‡K Avevi cÖwZgv‡mi ïay my` Av`vq K‡iB †`Dwjqv n‡q hvq| g~j FY _v‡K
Acwi‡kvwaZ|
we‡k¦i my`x cÖwZôvb¸‡jv ev my`x gnvRbiv mijgbv gymjgvb‡`i †avKv †`Iqvi Rb¨
G‡KK mgq my‡`i G‡KK bvgKiY K‡i _v‡K, †hb my‡`i N„YvUv AšÍ‡i bv Av‡m|
†hgb jvf, dvq`v, B›Uv‡i÷| KL‡bv Avevi f¨vU kãI cÖ‡qvM K‡i _v‡K|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
03 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
 305

Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi kiÔqx weavb

gvIjvbv Rwniæj Bmjvg wK‡kviMÄ
Gg. Gj. Gg. eZ©gvb mg‡q me©vwaK Av‡jvwPZ Ab¨Zg e¨emv c×wZ| 1940-41
wLª÷v‡ã me©cÖ_g Gi D™¢e N‡U Av‡gwiKvq| Aí mg‡q Zv Qwo‡q c‡o †MvUv we‡k¦|
GKch©v‡q 90 Gi `k‡K Gi AbycÖ‡ek N‡U evsjv‡`‡kI| gvÎ `k eQ‡ii e¨eav‡b
†`‡ki GK cÖvšÍ †_‡K Ab¨ cÖvšÍ ch©šÍ Qwo‡q c‡o Gi kvLv cÖkvLv| mvaviY RbM‡Yi
cvkvcvwk eû ag©cÖvY gymjgvbI hy³ nq G e¨emvq| Z‡e Gi wewfbœ Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K©
m‡PZb‡`i g‡b bvbvwea msk‡qi `vbv euv‡a| G mskq wbim‡b Zviv Ijvgv‡q
†Kiv‡gi kiYvcbœ nb| Rvb‡Z Pvb Gi kiÔqx weavb| Ijvgv‡q †KivgI mva¨gZ Gi
mgvavb w`‡q Avm‡Qb| eÿ¨gvb cÖe‡Ü G wel‡q wKQz Av‡jvPbv Zy‡j aiv n‡jv|
Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi cwiwPwZ
Gg. Gj. Gg. ev gvwë‡j‡fj gv‡K©wUs GKwU e¨emv cÖwµqv, hv eûg~Lx `vjvjxi
gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ nq| hv‡K †bUIqvK© gv‡K©wUs, WvB‡i± †mwjs I †idvivj gv‡K©wUsI
ejv nq|
G mKj †Kv¤úvwbi g~j KvR n‡jv: 1. webv cyuwR‡Z e¨emvi GKwU †KŠkj Aej¤^b
Kiv| 2. weÁvcb e¨q QvovB †Kv¤úvwbi cY¨ evRviRvZ Kivi GKwU c×wZ Aej¤^b
Kiv| 3. wWw÷ªweDU‡ii (cwi‡ekK) gva¨‡g webv weÁvc‡b mn‡RB mviv †`‡k cY¨
Qwo‡q †`qv| 4. wWw÷ªweDUi, G‡R›U I mieiv‡ni Sv‡gjv A‡b¨i Dci Pvwc‡q w`‡q
†KŠk‡j wecyj cwigvY jvfevb nIqv|
weµq wecYb, Z_¨wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g bZzb †µZv m„wó Kiv, bZzb bZzb e¨emvi †¶Î
ˆZix Kiv e¨emvwqK Kvh©µ‡gi GK Awe‡”Q`¨ I ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| KviY, e¨emvi KvR
n‡jv cY¨`ªe¨ I †mev mvgMÖx †fv³v‡`i nv‡Z †cuŠQv‡bv| ZvB Drcv`KMY Zv‡`i †mev
mvgMÖx †fv³v‡`i nv‡Z †cuŠQv‡Z bvbvwea †KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡i _v‡Kb| gvwë‡j‡fj
gv‡K©wUs ZviB GKwU iƒc, GK_vB ej‡Z Pvq Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv|
Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi Kvh©µg
Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi kiÔqx weavb Rvb‡Z n‡j, cÖ_‡g cÖ‡qvRb Gi bxwZ I Kg©c×wZ
Rvbv| ZvB wb‡gœ Gi dig I cÖPvwiZ eB-cy¯ÍKjä wKQz bgybv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
1. Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv mviv †`‡k cY¨ weµ‡qi Rb¨ wWw÷ªweDUi ev
cwi‡ekK ˆZwi K‡i _v‡K| Z‡e cY¨ weµ‡qi Zzjbvq cwi‡ekK ‰Zwi Kiv ev cY¨
µ‡qi †P‡q cwi‡ekK nIqvUvB g~L¨ n‡q _v‡K| †h Kvi‡YB ¯^íg~‡j¨i cY¨ K‡qK
¸Y †ewk g~j¨ w`‡q mskqnxbfv‡e µq K‡i _v‡K|
306 `imyj wdK&n
2. G mKj †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z cwi‡ekK n‡Z n‡j Zv‡`i wba©vwiZ g~‡j¨ cY¨ µq Ki‡Z
nq|
3. †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †Kv¤úvwbi cwi‡ekK nIqvi ci hw` †Kv‡bv bZzb e¨w³‡K †Kv¤úvwbi
wbq‡g †µZv I cwi‡ekK evbvq Zvn‡j Gi wewbg‡q †m e¨w³ wbw`©ó cwigvY UvKv
Kwgk‡bi bv‡g †c‡q _v‡K| Avi Gfv‡e WvDb jvBb hZB evo‡Z _vK‡e Zvi
KwgkbI GKwU wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ ch©vqµ‡g evo‡Z _vK‡e, hw`I †m wb‡R †Kv‡bv
KvR bv K‡i| A_©vr Zvi Kwgkb cÖvwß WvDb jvB‡bi kª‡gi mv‡_ kZ©hy³| d‡j
h_vmva¨ kªg †`qvi ciI wbw`©ó cwigvY bZzb cwi‡ekK evbv‡Z bv cvi‡j cÖ_g e¨w³
†Kv‡bv cvwikªwgK ev Kwgkb cv‡e bv|
4. GQvovI wKQz wKQz Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb‡Z UvKv wewb‡qv‡Mi e¨e¯’v Av‡Q| G
mKj †Kv¤úvwb‡Z UvKv wewb‡qvM c×wZ n‡jv, †Kv‡bv e¨w³ G mKj †Kv¤úvwb‡Z wbw`©ó
cwigvY UvKv wewb‡qvM Ki‡j †Kv‡bv cÖKvi SzuwK MÖnY Kiv QvovB Zv‡K wbw`©ó mg‡qi
ci c~e© wba©vwiZ nv‡i jvf †`qv nq|
5. Ggwbfv‡e wKQz Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb| †hgb, †WmwUwb 2000 wj: e„¶vq‡b
wewb‡qvM K‡i _v‡K| Avi Zv‡`i e„¶vq‡Yi wewb‡qvM c×wZ wbgœiƒc-
hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ 6/12 eQ‡ii Rb¨ 30wU MvQ µq eve` 10,000/= UvKv wewb‡qvM
K‡i Zvn‡j Zv‡K (wewb‡qvMKvix‡K) GKwU gvwjKvbv mb`cÎ †`qv nq| AZtci,
6/12 eQi ci †Kv‡bv iKg SuywKi m¤§yLxb nIqv QvovB 25/50 nvRvi UvKv Zv‡K
†diZ †`qv n‡e|614
D‡jøL¨, wewb‡qvMKvix‡K Pyw³i mgq MvQ †`Lv‡bv nq bv| Gg. Gj.Gg. Gi wewb‡qvM
c×wZ‡ZI i‡q‡Q gvwë‡j‡fj wm‡÷g A_©vr GLv‡b †KD wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡K
Aek¨B wWw÷ªweDUi a‡i Avm‡Z n‡e Ges wewb‡qvM Kivi ci †mI wWw÷ªweDUi n‡q
hv‡e| Gici Zvi wb‡P hviv wewb‡qvM Ki‡e Zv‡`i †_‡K †mI GKUv Kwgkb †c‡Z
_vK‡e| D‡jøL¨, G cÖe‡Ü Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi bxwZ I Kvh©µg †_‡K kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z
AvcwËKi wKQz w`K Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwbi kixÔAvZ wbwl× welqvejx
kixÔAvZ gyÔAvgvjv‡Zi †¶‡Î eû welq‡K wbwl× K‡i‡Q| hvi ga¨ n‡Z wKQz welq
Gg. Gj. Gg. e¨emv c×wZ‡Z cvIqv hvq| †hgb-
1. GK Pzw³i g‡a¨ Ab¨ Pzw³i kZ© Kiv (‫|)ﺻﻔﻘﺘﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ‬

614 `ªóe¨, iwdKzj Avgxb Gi mn‡hvwMZvq †gvt Aveyj Kv‡kg iwPZ ‡WmwUwbi wUªcø¨vb‡Ukb I Gg. Gj. Gg Gi Ac~e©
cY¨ e„¶vqY wkí I gvwë‡j‡fj gv‡K©wUs : 36, 38. 41, 51
 Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi kiÔqx weavb 307
2. Pzw³‡K k‡Z©i mv‡_ SzjšÍ ivLv (‫| )اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط‬
3. †auvKv I AwbðqZv (‫|)ﻏﺮر‬
4. wewbgqnxb kªg (‫|)اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻼ أﺟﺮة‬
5. kªgnxb wewbgq (‫| )اﻷﺟﺮة ﺑﻼ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
6. my` (‫ )اﻟﺮﺑﺎ‬BZ¨vw` |
1. GK Pzw³i Rb¨ Ab¨ Pzw³i kZ© Kiv (‫|)ﺻﻔﻘﺘﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ‬
GK Pzw³i Rb¨ Ab¨ Pzw³i kZ© Kiv kixÔAv‡Z wbwl×| GK Pzw³i Rb¨ Ab¨ Pzw³‡K
kZ© Kivi D`vniY n‡jv †Kv‡bv †`vKvb`vi G k‡Z© cY¨ wewµ Ki‡jv †h, Zvi
†`vKv‡bi cY¨ µq Ki‡j Zvi †`vKv‡bi cwi‡ekK n‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b µ‡qi Rb¨
cwi‡ekK nIqv‡K kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi GLv‡b `yÕwU Pzw³i mgš^q N‡U‡Q| GK. µq-
weµq Pzw³| `yB. BRviv (PvKzix ev Kg©Pvix) Pzw³| cÖ_g Pzw³ m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ wØZxq
Pzw³‡K kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q| myZivs G Pzw³‡Z ‫( ﺻﻔﻘﺘﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺻـ ـ ـ ــﻔﻘﺔ‬GK Pzw³i Rb¨ Ab¨
Pzw³‡K kZ© Kivi) welqwU my¯úó|
c~‡e©i weeiY Abyhvqx Gg.Gj.Gg G ‫( ﺻـ ــﻔﻘﺘﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺻـ ــﻔﻘﺔ‬GK Pzw³i Rb¨ Ab¨ Pzw³‡K
kZ© Kivi) welqwU cvIqv hvq| G †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jvi weµq I wecYb c×wZ‡Z
wWw÷ªweDUi nIqvi Rb¨ cY¨ µq‡K †hgb kZ© Kiv n‡q _v‡K, †Zgb cY¨ µ‡qi Rb¨
wWw÷ªweDU‡ii gva¨g Aej¤^b Kiv‡KI kZ© Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Gg.Gj.Gg
†Kv¤úvwb¸‡jvi Ab¨vb¨ wewb‡qvM c×wZ I †WmwUwbi wUª cøvb‡Uk‡bI Zv we`¨gvb| Zv
Gfv‡e †h, Zv‡`i †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡j wWw÷ªweDUi a‡i Avm‡Z nq
Ges Zvi wewb‡qvM wWw÷ªweDUi †_‡K GKUv Kwgkb cvq| Gfv‡e Zvi WvDb jvBb
hZ j¤^v n‡Z _v‡K GKUv wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ Zvi KwgkbI evo‡Z _v‡K| †gvUK_v,
GLv‡b wewb‡qvM Ki‡j wWw÷ªweDUi n‡Z n‡e ev wWw÷ªweDUi n‡Z n‡j wewb‡qvM
Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi G ai‡bi Pzw³‡Z ‫( ﺻـﻔﻘﺘﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ‬GK Pzw³i Rb¨ Ab¨ Pzw³‡K kZ©
Kivi) welqwU my¯úó, hv kixÕAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z A‰ea| ivm~jyjøvn Zv wb‡la
K‡i‡Qb| Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ﻧﻬﻰ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻦ ﺻﻔﻘﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn GK Pzw³i gv‡S (`yB Pzw³ Kiv) Ab¨ Pzw³‡K kZ© Kiv †_‡K wb‡la
308 `imyj wdK&n
K‡i‡Qb|Ó615
D³ nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq gynvwÏm I dKxnMY hv D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb Zvi mvigg© n‡jv, cÖ‡Z¨K
H Pzw³ hv Aci Pzw³i mv‡_ kZ©hy³ Zv wbwl×| Gi g~j KviY n‡jv, µq-weµq Pzw³‡Z
†µZv-we‡µZv Df‡qi mš‘wó Avek¨K| wKš‘ G ai‡bi Pzw³‡Z †Kv‡bv GK c¶ GKwU
Pzw³‡Z ivwR _vK‡jI AciwU‡Z ivwR _v‡K bv; eis eva¨ n‡q MÖnY K‡i| Zvn‡j G
ai‡bi Pzw³‡Z cwic~Y© mš‘wó cvIqv hvq bv| A_P KziAv‡b Ac‡ii gvj wb‡Ri Rb¨
nvjvj n‡Z gvwj‡Ki mš‘wó‡K kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb Bikv` n‡q‡Q -

f
e
d
c
b
a
`
_
^
]
\
[

Z
Y

hg
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY †Zvgiv Ab¨vqfv‡e G‡K Ac‡ii m¤ú` f¶Y K‡iv bv| Z‡e
cvi¯úwiK mš‘wóµ‡g e¨emvi gva¨‡g (f¶Y Ki‡Z cv‡iv)|Ó616
Avjøvgv Avjx Avj gviwMbvbx ivn. D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
،‫ أو ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﻘﺮﺿﻪ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮي درﻫﻤﺎ‬،‫ أو دارا ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻟﻮ ﺑﺎع ﻋﺒﺪا ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ اﻟﺒﺎﺋﻊ ﺷﻬﺮا‬
‫ وﻷﻧﻪ
ﻧﻬﻰ ﻋﻦ‬.‫ وﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻷﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﻳﻦ‬،‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺷﺮط ﻻ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬،‫أو ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﻬﺪي ﻟﻪ ﻫﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫ وﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ واﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺜﻤﻦ ﻳﻜﻮن إﺟﺎرة ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻊ وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻻ‬.‫ﺑﻴﻊ وﺳﻠﻒ‬
.‫ﻳﻘﺎﺑﻠﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن إﻋﺎرة ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﻊ وﻗﺪ ﻧﻬﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻋﻦ ﺻﻔﻘﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ‬
Òhw` †KD G k‡Z© †Mvjvg wewµ K‡i †h, we‡µZv †Mvjvg †_‡K GKgvm †L`gZ wb‡e,
A_ev G k‡Z© Ni wewµ Ki‡jv †h, we‡µZv †mLv‡b GKgvm _vK‡e| A_ev G k‡Z©
†h, †µZv-we‡µZv‡K wKQz avi w`‡e ev nvw`qv w`‡e| (Zvn‡j µq-weµq dv‡m` n‡q
hv‡e)| KviY, GLv‡b Ggb kZ© Kiv n‡q‡Q hv g~j Pzw³ m¤úK©xq bq Ges Zv‡Z †µZv
I we‡µZvi †h †Kv‡bv GKR‡bi jvf i‡q‡Q| Avi G ai‡bi GK Pzw³i gv‡S Av‡iK
Pzw³‡K kZ© Ki‡Z nv`x‡m wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|Ó617
D‡jøL¨ †h, Gg.Gj.Gg †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z †h cwi‡ekK I cY¨ µq GKUv Av‡iKUvi
mv‡_ kZ©hy³ Zv †Kv‡bv bgbxq kZ© bq| hv g~j Pzw³i gv‡S †Zgb f~wgKv ivL‡e bv
eis Dfq c¶ GZUvB ¸iæZ¡ †`q †h, G k‡Z©i mvgvb¨ e¨wZµg n‡j SMov-weev`
m„wó nIqvi mg~n Avk¼v _v‡K| Kv‡RB welqwU‡K bgbxq `„wó‡Z †`Lvi my‡hvM †bB|

615 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 3783, nv`xmwU mnxn|

616 m~iv wbmv: 29
617 †n`vqv: 3/60, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi kiÔqx weavb 309
2. Pzw³‡K k‡Z©i mv‡_ SzjšÍ ivLv (‫|)ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط‬
Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z G welqwUI j¶¨ Kiv hvq| †Kbbv, GKRb
wWw÷ªweDUi dig c~iY Z_v Pzw³e× nIqvi mgq Zvi WvDb †bU m¤cÖmviY nIqvi
m¤¢vebv I bv nIqvi Avk¼v DfqwUiB `Lj _v‡K| ZvB Zvi Kwgkb cÖvwß wbw`©ó
cwigvY WvDb †bU m¤cÖmviY nIqvi mv‡_ SzjšÍ _v‡K A_v©r †m cwi‡ekK wn‡m‡e
Kwgkb cvIqvi Rb¨ WvDb ‡j‡fj †jv‡Ki kªg‡K kZ© Kiv nq| Avi kixÔAv‡Z G
ai‡bi kZ©hy³ Pyw³ A‰ea|
Bgvg Aveyj evivKvZ bvmvdx ivn. µq Pzw³ I BRviv Pzw³‡K H mKj Pzw³i AšÍf©y³
K‡i‡Qb hv k‡Z©i mv‡_ Szwj‡q ivL‡j mnxn nq bv| wZwb e‡jb-
...‫ اﻹﺟﺎرة‬...‫ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬:‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط اﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺢ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط‬
Ò‡h mKj Pzw³ dv‡m` kZ© †m¸‡jv‡K Øviv evwZj nq k‡Z©i mv‡_ SzjšÍ ivL‡j mnxn
nq bv †hgb weµq... BRviv BZ¨vw`|Ó
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. Gi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
‫ ﻛﺒﻌﺘﻚ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬،‫ »ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط اﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ« أي إذا ذﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺷﺮﻃﺎ ﻓﺎﺳﺪا ﻻ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬:‫اﻷول‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﺨﺪﻣﻨﻲ ﺷﻬﺮا ﻣﺜﻼ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬
‫ وﻟﻢ‬،‫ ﻛﺒﻌﺘﻚ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ إن ﻗﺪم زﻳﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﺄن ﺻﺪر اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﻣﻌﻠﻘﺎ ﺑﺄداة اﻟﺸﺮط‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺼﺢ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط‬:‫واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ ﻓﺄﻓﺎد أن اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط اﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ‬:‫ﻳﻘﻴﺪ اﻟﺸﺮط اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺳﺪا ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻴﺪﻩ أوﻻ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬
.‫اﻟﻌﻘﺪ ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن اﻟﺸﺮط ﻓﺎﺳﺪا أو ﻻ‬
ÒcÖ_g n‡jv: †h Pzw³ dv‡m` kZ© Øviv evwZj n‡q hvq, A_©vr hLb µq-weµqi g‡a¨
Ggb dv‡m` kZ© D‡jøL Kiv nq, hv µq-weµqi Pvwn`vi cwicš’x| †hgb, †KD ej‡jv,
ÔAvwg †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †Mvjvg wewµ Kijvg G k‡Z© †h, †Mvjvg GKgvm Avgvi †L`gZ
Ki‡e|Õ G kZ©wU µq-weµq‡K evwZj K‡i †`q|Ó
wØZxq n‡jv: †h Pzw³ k‡Z©i mv‡_ SzjšÍ ivLv mnxn bq, Gfv‡e †h, Pyw³ k‡Z©i k‡ãi
mv‡_ SzjšÍ Ae¯’vq msMwVZ n‡jv| †hgb, †KD ej‡jv, Ôhw` hv‡q` Av‡m, Zvn‡j
Avwg †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †Mvjvg wewµ Ki‡ev|Õ wØZxq kZ© dv‡m` nIqvi K_v ejv nqwb
†hfv‡e G ev‡K¨i Øviv t (‫ )ﻣﺎ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط اﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ‬cÖ_gwU‡K dv‡m` nIqvi kZ© Kiv
n‡q‡Q| myZivs †evSv †M‡jv, ‫ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬ev k‡Z©i mv‡_ SzjšÍ ivLv Pzw³‡K evwZj K‡i
†`q, kZ©wU dv‡m` ‡nvK ev bv †nvK|Ó618

618 wgbnvZzj Lv‡jK: 6/297-298, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

310 `imyj wdK&n
Avjøvgv Be‡b Av‡e`xb kvgx ivn. D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb-
‫ أو إن ﻗﺪم زﻳﺪ ﻋﻴﻨﻲ وﻣﻦ‬،‫ أو ﻳﻬﺪي إﻟﻴﻪ‬،‫ )واﻹﺟﺎرة( أي ﻛﺄن آﺟﺮ دارﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﻘﺮﺿﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ‬:‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ وﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻔﺴﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮط اﻟﻔﺎﺳﺪ‬،‫ وﺗﻤﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬...‫ذﻟﻚ اﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮ ﺣﺎﻧﻮﺗﺎ ﺑﻜﺬا ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﻌﻤﺮﻩ‬
.‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻖ‬
ÒGK e¨w³ Zvi Ni fvov w`‡jv G k‡Z© †h, fvovwUqv‡K wKQz avi w`‡Z n‡e, A_ev
Zv‡K wKQz nvw`qv w`‡Z n‡e A_ev hw` hv‡q` Av‡m (Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡K fvov w`‡ev) ...
Gi Øviv †evSv †M‡jv fvov Pzw³ dv‡m` kZ© I ZvÔjxK (kZ©hy³ K‡i Szwj‡q ivLv)
Øviv dv‡m` n‡q hvq|Ó619
DwjøwLZ fvl¨ †_‡K †evSv †M‡jv †h, µq-weµq Pzw³ I BRviv Pzw³ †Kv‡bv k‡Z©i
mv‡_ SzjšÍ _vK‡j kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z Zv ˆea n‡e bv| A_P Gg. Gj. Gg.
†Kv¤úvwb‡Z Kwgkb cÖvwßi Pzw³ WvDb †j‡f‡ji kª‡gi mv‡_ SzjšÍ _v‡K| myZivs G
ai‡bi Kvievi mnxn n‡e bv|
3. †auvKv I AwbðqZv (‫|)ﻏﺮر‬
gyÔAvgvjv‡Zi †¶‡Î kixÔAvZ wbwl× Av‡iKwU welq n‡jv ‫ اﻟﻐﺮر‬ev †auvKv|
‫ اﻟﻐﺮر ﻣﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‬:‫ وﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ اﻷﺻﻮل‬.‫اﻟﻐﺮر اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﺘﻮر اﻟﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ وﻻ ﻳﺪرى أ ﻳﻜﻮن أم ﻻ‬
.‫ اﻟﻐﺮر ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﺘﻮر اﻟﻌﻘﺒﺔ‬.‫ ﻓﻈﺎﻫﺮﻩ ﻳﻐﺮ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮي وﺑﺎﻃﻨﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل‬.‫ﺗﺆﺛﺮﻩ وﺑﺎﻃﻦ ﺗﻜﺮﻫﻪ‬
ÔÔcwifvlvq ‫ ﻏﺮر‬ejv nq hvi cwiYvg A¯úó Ges Rvbv hvq bv †h, Zv cvIqv hv‡e wK
bv Rv‡gDj Dm~‡j Av‡Q, hvi evwn¨K w`K gvbyl‡K Drmvnx Ki‡jI Zvi †fZiMZ w`K
wbiærmvnx K‡i|Ó620
‫ ﻏﺮر‬Gi DwjøwLZ msÁvbyhvqx Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z ‫ ﻏﺮر‬Gi Dcw¯’wZ j¶¨
Kiv hvq| †h‡nZz †Kv¤úvwb Zvi wWw÷ªweDUi‡`i mv‡_ G Pzw³ K‡i †h, wWw÷ªweDUi
ev WvDb jvBb †_‡K Pzw³`vix Kwgkb †c‡q _vK‡e- hv GKwU AwbwðZ MšÍe¨| †Kbbv
wWw÷ªweDUi Zvi WvDb jvBb evov‡Z cvi‡e Gi †Kv‡bv wbðqZv †bB| G ai‡bi
AwbðqZv‡K ‫ ﻏﺮر‬ejv nq, hv Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Z wbwl×| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh.
†_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ﻧﻬﻰ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻦ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﺤﺼﺎة وﻋﻦ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﻐﺮر‬

619 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 7/500, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

620 gvem~‡Z mvivLmx: 12/194, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; RvwgDj Dm~j: 1/527
 Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi kiÔqx weavb 311
ÔÔivm~jyjøvn cv_i wb‡¶‡ci gva¨‡g µq-weµq I †auvKvi µq-weµq Ki‡Z
621
wb‡la K‡i‡Qb|Ó
Bgvg beex ivn. D³ nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
.‫أﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻴﻊ اﻟﻐﺮر ﻓﻬﻮ أﺻﻞ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ أﺻﻮل ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﺒﻴﻮع‬
ÔÔ†auvKvi µq-weµ‡qi e¨vcv‡i wb‡lavÁv e¨emv msµvšÍ Aa¨v‡qi GKwU eo
g~jbxwZ|Ó622
4. wewbgqnxb kªg (‫|)اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻼ أﺟﺮة‬
Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z wewbgqnxb kªgI i‡q‡Q| Zv Gfv‡e †h, wWw÷ªweDUi
Zvi WvDb jvBb †_‡K Kwgkb †c‡Z n‡j WvDb jvB‡bi †jvKRb‡K wbw`©ó c‡q›U
cwigvY cY¨ µq Ki‡Z n‡e| †µZv (WvDb jvBb) hw` 500 wc.wf. Gi Kg g~j¨gv‡bi
cY¨ µq K‡i Zvn‡j wWw÷ªweDUi G eve` †Kv‡bv Kwgkb cv‡e bv| d‡j Zv GKwU
wewbgqnxb kª‡g cwiYZ n‡jv| KviY †m †Zv h_vmva¨ kªg e¨q K‡i‡Q, wKš‘ Gi wewbgq
†m wKQzB †c‡jv bv| A_P BRviv mnxn nIqvi Rb¨ wewbgq mywbw`©ó _vK‡Z n‡e Ges
kªg Abycv‡Z wewbgq w`‡Z n‡e| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ورﺟﻞ ﺑﺎع ﺣﺮا‬،‫ رﺟﻞ أﻋﻄﻰ ﺑﻲ ﺛﻢ ﻏﺪر‬:‫ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻧﺎ ﺧﺼﻤﻬﻢ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ ورﺟﻞ اﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮ أﺟﻴﺮا ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻮﻓﻰ ﻣﻨﻪ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﻂ أﺟﺮﻩ‬،‫ﻓﺄﻛﻞ ﺛﻤﻨﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn wKqvg‡Zi w`b wZb e¨w³i wec‡¶ ¯^qs Avwg ev`x n‡ev| 1. †h e¨w³
KvD‡K Avgvi bv‡g wbivcËv ev cªwZkÖæwZ w`‡q f½ K‡i‡Q| 2. †h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv ¯^vaxb
e¨w³‡K wewµ K‡i Zvi g~j¨ f¶Y K‡i‡Q| 3. †h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv kªwgK †_‡K c~Y© kªg
Av`vq K‡i wb‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Zvi cvwikªwgK cwi‡kva K‡iwb|Ó623
nv`x‡m Kz`&mx‡Z Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
624.‫ﻋﺮﻗﻪ‬ ‫ أﻋﻄﻮا اﻷﺟﻴﺮ أﺟﺮﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﺠﻒ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬:‫ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ ﻫﺮﻳﺮة  ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
Ò†Zvgiv kªwg‡Ki cÖvc¨ Zvi kix‡ii Nvg ïKv‡bvi c~‡e©B cwi‡kva K‡i `vI|Ó625
Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. D‡jøL K‡ib-

621 mnxn gymwjg: 2/2

622 kiû mnxn& gymwjg wjb& beex: 2/2
623 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 2227

.‫ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ أﺻﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ »ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري« وﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ أﺑﻲ ﻫﺮﻳﺮة وأوردﻩ اﻟﺒﻐﻮي ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ« ﻓﻲ ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺤﺴﺎن‬624
625 mybv‡b Be‡b gvRvn: nv`xm bs 2443
312 `imyj wdK&n
.‫ ﻷن ﺟﻬﺎﻟﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻔﻀﻲ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺎزﻋﺔ‬،‫وﺷﺮﻃﻬﺎ )اﻹﺟﺎرة( ﻛﻮن اﻷﺟﺮة واﻟﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺘﻴﻦ‬
ÒBRviv ev fvov mnxn nIqvi Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv cvwikªwgK I jvf Rvbv _vKv| †Kbbv,
†m¸‡jvi A¯úóZv SMov m„wó K‡i|Ó626
Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb Avwd›`x ivn. wjwLZ dvZIqv w`‡q wewbgq MÖnY Kiv hv‡e wK bv
G cÖm‡½ D‡jøL K‡ib-
:‫ وﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﺎدﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﺘﻘﻂ‬...‫ أي اﻷﺟﺮ ﺑﻘﺪر اﻟﻤﺸﻘﺔ‬:‫ واﻷﺻﺢ أﻧﻪ‬:‫وﺗﻤﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح اﻟﻮﻫﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺑﻘﺪر اﻟﻌﻨﺎء‬:‫ وﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح اﻟﺘﻤﺮﺗﺎﺷﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺼﺎب‬،‫وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻟﻪ أﺟﺮ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺑﻘﺪر ﻣﺸﻘﺘﻪ وﺑﻘﺪر ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻪ وﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬
.‫واﻟﺘﻌﺐ وﻫﺬا أﺷﺒﻪ ﺑﺄﺻﻮل أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬
ÒAvi kªg Abycv‡Z cvwikªwgK wba©vwiZ nIqv Avek¨K| Avi G bxwZwU nvbvdx
gvhnv‡ei g~jbxwZi mv‡_ AwaK mvgvÄm¨c~Y©|Ó627
5. kªgnxb wewbgq (‫|)اﻷﺟﺮة ﺑﻼ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
kªgnxb wewbgq Gg. Gj. Gg. †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv‡Z j¶¨ Kiv hvq Zv‡`i WvDb jvB‡bi
e¨w³‡`i †_‡K AvcjvB‡bi e¨w³‡`i Kwgk‡b| A_P wWw÷ªweDU‡ii wbKUZg e¨w³
Qvov Ab¨‡`i Rb¨ AvcjvB‡bi kªg †bB ej‡jB P‡j, A_P WvDb jvBb hZB `xN©
n‡e GKUv wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ AvcjvB‡bi †jvK‡`i Kwgkb (kªg Qvov) ZZB evo‡Z
_vK‡e| myZivs GLv‡b kªgnxb wewbgq cvIqv †M‡jv| Avi kªgnxb wewbgq Ab¨vqfv‡e
A‡b¨i m¤ú` f¶Y I my‡`i AšÍf © y³| iCmyj gydvm&wmixb Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm
ivwh. o n m l k Gi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
.‫ﻳﺄﻛﻠﻪ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻋﻮض‬
ÒGKc‡¶i wewbgq Qvov Acic¶ †Kv‡bv wKQz †fvM Ki‡jB Zv Ab¨vqfv‡e A‡b¨i
© y³ n‡e|Ó628
m¤ú` f¶Y (AvKj wej evwZj) Gi AšÍf
GLv‡bI GKc¶ †Kv‡bv cÖKvi kªg QvovB Kwgkb †fvM K‡i| myZivs Zv kªgnxb
wewbg‡qi AšÍ©fy³ n‡q wbwl× n‡e|
6. my` (‫|)اﻟﺮﺑﺎ‬
Gg. Gj. Gg Gi wUª cø¨vb‡Ukb I UvKv wewb‡qvM c×wZ‡Z ‫ اﻟﺮﺑﺎ‬ev my` we`¨gvb|
KvD‡K A_© cÖ`vb K‡i †gqv`v‡šÍ †jvKmv‡bi Avk¼v Qvov AwZwi³ AsK wewbg‡qi
626 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 9/7, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
627 ZvKwgjvZz iwÏj gynZvi: 11/75-76, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
628 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj-Rvm&mvm: 3/127, `viæ BnBqvBZ ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 Gg. Gj. Gg. Gi kiÔqx weavb 313
Pzw³B n‡jv my`x Kvievi| Avi GUv DwjøwLZ `yÔwU c×wZ‡Z cvIqv hvq|
mviK_v
Gg.Gj.Gg. Gi Kvh©µg ch©‡eŸY, Zv‡`i wbqg-c×wZi we‡kølY I G mKj
cÖwZôv‡bi AwfÁ e¨w³‡`i Awfg‡Zi Av‡jv‡K Rvbv hvq †h, G e¨emv c×wZ‡Z
DwjøwLZ wbwl× welq¸‡jv QvovI Av‡ivI wKQz kixÔAvZ wbwl× welq i‡q‡Q| myZivs
†Kv‡bv gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ G mKj †Kv¤úvwbi mv‡_ †Kv‡bvfv‡e m¤c„³ nIqv Rv‡qh I
ˆea n‡e bv| ZvB cÖwZwU gymjgv‡bi DwPZ Cgvbx `vwe‡Z Gg. Gj. Gg. eR©b Kiv|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv mKj gymjgvb‡K Gg. Gj. Gg. mn mKj cÖKvi bvRv‡qh †jb‡`b
†_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi ZvIdxK `vb Kiæb| Avgxb \
mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
01 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.
314

†mjvgxi weavb
gvIjvbv AvjvDÏxb j²xcyix
eZ©gv‡b eûj cÖPwjZ fvov c×wZ n‡jv †mjvgx| gvwj‡Ki `xN© †gqv‡` fvov †`qv
wRwb‡mi wbðqZvi Rb¨ GB e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb| Gi wewfbœ c×wZ i‡q‡Q|
e¶¨gvY cÖe‡Ü weavbmn †m c×wZ¸‡jvi Dci ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| cÖ_‡gB †mjvgxi
cwiPq Av‡jvPbv Kiv m½Z g‡b n‡”Q|
†mjvgxi msÁv I cÖKvi‡f`
gvwjK I fvovwUqvi gv‡S GKKvjxb wKQz UvKvi †jb-†`b‡K †mjvgx ejv nq|
†mjvgxi †jb‡`b Avgv‡`i †`‡k eûj cÖPwjZ| we‡kl K‡i kniv‡j Gi e¨vcK
cÖPjb cwijw¶Z nq| mvaviYZ Avgv‡`i †`‡k wZb c×wZ‡Z †mjvgxi †jb‡`b n‡q
_v‡K|
1. gvwjK I fvovwUqvi gv‡S Avmj (gvwmK) fvov e¨ZxZ cÖ_‡gB AwZwi³ GKKvjxb
wKQz UvKv gvwjK‡K †`qvi Pzw³ nq|
2. †gqv` †kl n‡j gvwjK Zvi †`vKvb ev Ni †Q‡o w`‡Z ej‡j H mgq fvovwUqv
gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q wKQz UvKv `vwe K‡i|
3. cÖ_g fvovwUqv wØZxq fvovwUqv‡K wb‡Ri ¯’jvwfwl³ K‡i Zvi †_‡K GKKvjxb
wKQz UvKv (fvov e¨ZxZ) wb‡q _v‡K|
cÖ_g c×wZ: †Kv‡bv Ni ev †`vKvb fvov †`qvi mgq gvwjK fvovwUqvi mv‡_ Pzw³e×
nq †h, GB NiwU †Zvgvi Kv‡Q GZ eQ‡ii Rb¨ fvov w`jvg, gvwmK fvov GZ UvKv|
mv‡_ mv‡_ G Pzw³I nq †h, Avgv‡K GKKvjxb wKQz UvKv w`‡Z n‡e| GB UvKv †Zvgv‡K
fvovi †gqv` †k‡l †diZ w`‡ev|
gvwjK fvovwUqv †_‡K GKKvjxb UvKv †bqvi KviY n‡jv, hw` fvovwUqv †Kv‡bv KviY
ekZ fvov bv w`‡q P‡j hvq, Zvn‡j D³ UvKv †_‡K fvov †K‡U †bqv n‡e|
Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` fvovwUqv Ni ev †`vKv‡bi †Kv‡bv ¶wZ K‡i †d‡j, Zvn‡j D³ UvKv
Øviv ¶wZc~iY Av`vq Kiv n‡e| †gvUK_v wbivcËv MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ gvwjK fvovwUqv †_‡K
AMÖxg GKKvjxb wKQz UvKv wb‡q †bq|
mvaviYZ `yÕfv‡e UvKv †diZ †`qv n‡q _v‡K|
1. cÖwZ gv‡m fvov wn‡m‡e KvUvi gva¨‡g †diZ †`qv| A_©vr hw` gvwmK fvov cuvP
nvRvi UvKv nq, Zvn‡j bM` w`‡Z n‡e Pvi nvRvi UvKv| Avi evwK GK nvRvi UvKv
D³ GKKvjxb UvKv †_‡K KvUv n‡e| G‡¶‡Î †mjvgxi UvKv AMÖxg fvov wn‡m‡e MY¨
 †mjvgxi weavb 315
n‡e| Avi †h‡nZz AMÖxg fvov Av`vq Kiv mnxn, ZvB †mjvgxi G c×wZwUI mnxn|
†Kbbv, hw` Ni ev †`vKv‡bi gvwjK AMÖxg fvov cwi‡kv‡ai kZ© K‡i, Zvn‡j
fvovwUqvi Rb¨ Zv AMÖxg Av`vq Kiv Riæix| Avjøvgv Avjx Avm-myM`x ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ أن ﻳﺆﺟﻠﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﺠﻠﺔ‬...‫ إﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﻌﺠﻠﺔ‬.‫اﻷﺟﺮة ﻋﻠﻰ أرﺑﻌﺔ أوﺟﻪ‬
Òfvov Pvi cÖKvi| cÖ_gZ AMÖxg fvov Av`vq Kiv| hw` AMÖxg fvov †`qvi Pzw³ _v‡K,
Zvn‡j fvovwUqvi Rb¨ †`wi‡Z Av`vq Kivi my‡hvM †bB|Ó629
DwjøwLZ fvl¨ Abyhvqx AMÖxg fvov wn‡m‡e †mjvgxi †jb‡`b Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e|
2. Pzw³ †kl nIqvi ci gvwjK fvovwUqv‡K GKKvjxb c~Y© UvKv †diZ †`‡e| Avi
GZw`b ch©šÍ Zv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e| eZ©gv‡b Gi cÖPjb e¨vcK
Ges mvaviYZ fvovi AwZwi³ GKKvjxb UvKv bv w`‡j Ni fvov cvIqv cÖvq Am¤¢e,
ZvB RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e UvKv cÖ`vb I MÖnY Kivi AeKvk Av‡Q| Z‡e G myiZ wdKnx
w`K †_‡K SuzwKc~Y© nIqvq cÖ_gwU MÖnY Kiv DËg| A‡b‡K fvovi AwZwi³ GKKvjxb
(A‡diZ‡hvM¨) UvKv `vwe K‡i Ges fvovwUqvI w`‡Z cÖ¯Z ‘ _v‡K, hv g~jZ cwRkb
wewµi bv‡g †jb‡`b nq| G ai‡bi †jb‡`b kixÔAvZm¤§Z bq|
wØZxq c×wZ: fvovi †gqv` DËxY© n‡j ev DËxY© nIqvi c~‡e© gvwjK wb‡Ri †`vKvb ev
evmv †diZ wb‡Z PvB‡j, fvovwUqv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q wKQz UvKvi `vwe K‡i, GB UvKv‡KI
†mjvgx e‡j|
hw` gvwjK I fvovwUqvi gv‡S Ggb †Kv‡bv Pzw³ ev Iqv`v bv _v‡K †h, G mgq ch©šÍ
fvov w`jvg ev wbjvg| A_ev Pzw³i wba©vwiZ mgq †kl n‡q hvIqvi ci gvwjK
fvovwUqv‡K Zvi Ni †Q‡o w`‡Z e‡j, Zvn‡j fvovwUqvi Rb¨ D³ Ni ev †`vKvb †Q‡o
†`qv Avek¨K| G‡¶‡Î gvwjK Zvi Ni ev †`vKvb Lvwj Ki‡Z fvovwUqv‡K eva¨ Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb Ges fvovwUqvI Ni ev †`vKvb Lvwj K‡i w`‡Z eva¨ _vK‡eb|
GLb hw` fvovwUqv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q wKQz UvKv `vwe K‡i e‡j, Avwg Ni ev †`vKvb †Q‡o
w`‡ev Z‡e Avgv‡K wKQz UvKv w`‡Z n‡e| GiKg `vwe Kiv fvovwUqvi Rb¨ Rv‡qh
†bB| GUv Ryjyg I Nyl n‡e| Z‡e gvwjK AcviM Ae¯’vq wbR AwaKvi Av`v‡qi ¯^v‡_©
fvovwUqv‡K wKQz UvKv w`‡Z cvi‡e|
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn. ‫ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺮم أﺧﺬﻩ ﺣﺮم إﻋﻄﺎءﻩ‬Ôhv †bqv nvivg, Zv †`qvI nvivgÕ
g~jbxwZi Av‡jvPbvq e‡jb, wKQz gvmAvjv Av‡Q hv G g~jbxwZi AšÍf©y³ bq| Zvi
gv‡S ‫ اﻟﺮﺷﻮة ﻟﺨﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ‬wbR m¤ú` ¶wZMÖ¯Í nIqvi Avk¼vq Nyl †`qv|630

629 Avb byZvd wdj dvZvIqv: 341, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
630 Avj Avkevn Iqvb bvhv‡qi: 1/391, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
316 `imyj wdK&n
nu¨v, hw` gvwjK I fvovwUqvi gv‡S wbw`©ó mg‡qi Pzw³ _v‡K Avi gvwjK wba©vwiZ mgq
†kl nevi c~‡e©B fvovwUqv‡K Ni ev †`vKvb †Q‡o w`‡Z e‡j, Zvn‡j fvovwUqvi Rb¨
Ni ev †`vKvb Lvwj K‡i †`qv Avek¨K bq| †Kbbv A‡bK mgq fvovwUqv‡K ¶wZ I
SuzwKi gy‡LvgywL n‡Z nq| A‡b‡K GiKg cÖwZK~j Ae¯’vq bv covi Rb¨B †mjvgx w`‡q
_v‡K|
GLb hw` fvovwUqv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q wKQz UvKv `vwe K‡i e‡j, Avwg Ni ev †`vKvb †Q‡o
w`‡ev wVK wKš‘ Avgv‡K GKKvjxb wKQz UvKv w`‡Z n‡e| G `vex Kiv fvovwUqvi Rb¨
ˆea n‡e| †Kbbv wbw`©ó mgq ch©šÍ fvovwUqvi Rb¨ D³ Ni ev †`vKv‡b _vKvi AwaKvi
wQ‡jv| A_P GLb †m G AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ n‡”Q| ZvB wbR AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ
nevi ¶wZc~iY wn‡m‡e gvwj‡Ki KvQ †_‡K UvKv †bqv Rv‡qh n‡e| KviY hw` †KD
†Kv‡bv n‡Ki mivmwi gvwjK nq, Zvn‡j mwÜi gva¨‡g wb‡Ri nK †Q‡o †`qvi mgq
wewbgq MÖnY Kiv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| †hgb wKmvm MÖn‡Yi nK|
G‡¶‡Î A‡bKB nvmvb ivwh. Gi NUbv‡K †ck K‡i _v‡Kb| nvmvb ivwh. Ljxdv
nIqvi c‡i hLb m`je‡j gyÔAvweqv ivwh. Gi w`‡K iIqvbv nb, ZLb gyÔAvweqv ivwh.
`yBRb e¨w³‡K mwÜi Rb¨ †cÖiY K‡ib| NUbvi weeiY w`‡Z wM‡q nhiZ nvmvb emix
ivn. e‡jb-
:‫ﺑﻌﺚ إﻟﻴﻪ رﺟﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺷﻤﺲ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻤﺮة وﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻛﺮﻳﺰ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﺮض‬:‫ ﻗﺎﻻ‬... ‫ ﻓﺄﺗﻴﺎﻩ ﻓﺪﺧﻼ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﻜﻠﻤﺎ‬،‫اذﻫﺒﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻓﺎﻋﺮﺿﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﻗﻮﻻ ﻟﻪ واﻃﻠﺒﺎ إﻟﻴﻪ‬
:‫ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻟﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺳﺄﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ إﻻ ﻗﺎﻻ‬:‫ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻟﻲ ﺑﻬﺬا ﻗﺎﻻ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا وﻳﻄﻠﺐ إﻟﻴﻚ وﻳﺴﺄﻟﻚ‬
.‫ﻧﺤﻦ ﻟﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺼﺎﻟﺤﻪ‬
ÒnhiZ gyÔAvweqv ivwh. nhiZ nvmvb ivwh. Gi cÖwZ `yBRb KzivBkx A_©vr Avãyi
ingvb Be‡b mvgyiv I Avãyjøvn Be‡b Av‡gi ivwh. †K †cÖiY K‡i ej‡jb, †Zvgiv
`yÕRb nvmvb ivwh. Gi Kv‡Q hvI Ges Zuvi Kv‡Q m¤ú` †ck K‡iv Ges Zuv‡K
gymjgvb‡`i wbivcËvi Rb¨ mwÜi K_v e‡j †LjvdZ Zje K‡iv| Zviv `yÕRb nvmvb
ivwh. Gi Kv‡Q G‡m ej‡jb, gyÔAvweqv ivwh. Avcbvi Kv‡Q GZ GZ m¤ú` †ck K‡i
Avcbvi mv‡_ †Ljvd‡Zi mwÜ Ki‡Z Pvb| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, Gi hvgxb †K n‡e?
Zviv `yÕRb ej‡jv, GUv Avgv‡`i wR¤§vq| Gici nvmvb ivwh. hv wKQz †P‡q‡Qb Gi
cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z Zviv `yÕRb e‡j‡Q, GUv Avgv‡`i wR¤§vq| AZtci mwÜ msNwUZ
nq|Ó631
Avjøvgv AvBbx ivn. GB NUbvi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-

631 mnxn eyLvix: 1/373, nv`xm bs 7204, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

 †mjvgxi weavb 317
‫ وإﻋﻄﺎﺋﻪ‬،‫ وﺟﻮاز أﺧﺬ اﻟﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻪ ﺟﻮاز ﺧﻠﻊ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻔﺔ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ إذا رأى ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﺻﻼﺣﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎء ﺷﺮاﺋﻄﻪ ﺑﺄن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻨﺰول ﻟﻪ أوﻟﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎزل وأن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺒﺬول ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎل اﻟﺒﺎذل‬
ÒnhiZ nvmvb ivwh. Gi †LjvdZ n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii D³ NUbv †_‡K my¯úó nq †h, Ljxdvi
Rb¨ †¯^”Qvq Zvi `vwqZ¡ †_‡K c`Z¨vM Kiv Rv‡qh hw` Zv‡Z gymjgvb‡`i Kj¨vY
_v‡K Ges Gi wewbg‡q ab-m¤ú` MÖnY KivI Rv‡qh, Ges Zv‡K Zv †`qv n‡e KwZcq
kZ© cvIqv †M‡j| †hgb hvi nv‡Z †LjvdZ n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv n‡”Q wZwb c`Z¨vMKvixi
†P‡q DËg nIqv| Ges †h m¤ú` Zv‡K †`qv n‡”Q Zv whwb w`‡”Qb Zvi wbR¯^ m¤ú`
nIqv|Ó632
Z…Zxq c×wZ: †mjvgxi Z…Zxq c×wZ n‡jv cÖ_g fvovwUqv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³‡K wb‡Ri
¯’jvwfwl³ Kiv| A_©vr fvovwUqv Ab¨ KviI wbKU D³ Ni ev †`vKvb fvov †`qv Ges
2q fvovwUqv †_‡K cÖ_g fvovwUqv GKKvjxb wKQz UvKvi `vwe Kiv, Gi Dci gvwjK
ivwR _vKzK ev bv _vKzK|
G c×wZ‡Z †mjvwgi †jb‡`b Rv‡qh n‡e| †Kbbv fvovwUqvi Rb¨ kixÔAv‡Zi c¶
†_‡K G AwaKvi Av‡Q †h, †m A‡b¨i wbKU fvov w`‡Z cvi‡e| †hgb Avjøvgv Avãyi
ingvb kvBLxhv`v ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺟﺎز ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ )أن ﻳﺴﻜﻦ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ( ﻷن اﻟﺸﺮط ﻟﻴﺲ‬،‫)ﻓﻠﻮ ﺷﺮط( اﻟﻤﺆﺟﺮ ﺳﻜﻨﻰ واﺣﺪ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻲ إﺟﺎرة اﻟﺪار‬
.‫ ﻟﻌﺪم اﻟﺘﻔﺎوت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻜﻨﻰ‬،‫ﺑﻤﻔﻴﺪ‬
Òhw` gvwjK Ni fvov †`qvi mgq kZ©v‡ivc K‡i †h, Avcbv‡KB D³ N‡i _vK‡Z
n‡e| ZviciI fvovwUqv D³ Ni Ab¨ KvD‡K emev‡mi Rb¨ fvov w`‡Z cvi‡e|
†Kbbv emev‡mi Dchy³Zvq ZviZg¨ bv nIqvq G RvZxq kZ©v‡ivc Kiv Ab_©K|Ó633
dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
،‫ وﻟﻮ زاد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪار زﻳﺎدة‬، ‫وﻟﻮ اﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮ دارا وﻗﺒﻀﻬﺎ ﺛﻢ أﺟﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﻮز أن آﺟﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﺄﺟﺮﻫﺎ أو أﻗﻞ‬
.‫ ﻃﺎﺑﺖ ﻟﻪ اﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬،‫ أو ﺣﻔﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺌﺮا‬،‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ وﺗﺪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ وﺗﺪا‬
Òhw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Ni fvov wb‡q n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii ci A‡b¨i wbKU fvov †`q Zvn‡j Zv
fvovwUqvi Rb¨ ˆea n‡e| Z‡e kZ© n‡jv, fvov mgcwigvY A_ev Kg n‡Z n‡e| hw`
fvov †ewk nq, Zvn‡j AwZwi³ fvov gvwjK cv‡e| wKš‘ hw` D³ N‡ii †fZi †Kv‡bv
wKQz e„w× K‡i †hgb- †c‡iK gvi‡jv A_ev K~c Lbb Ki‡jv BZ¨vw`| Zvn‡j †ewk

632 Dg`vZzj Kvix: 16/368, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

633 gvRgvDj Avbûi: 3/524, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
318 `imyj wdK&n
fvov †bqv Rv‡qh n‡e|Ó634
mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
nvUnvRvix

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
14 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

634 dvZvIqv‡q AvgjMxix: 4/425, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, fviZ

 †mjvgxi weavb 319

Aa¨vq: Kzievbx I
AvKxKv
320

gyiwM †Wªwms I hvwš¿K R‡e‡ni kiÔqx weavb

gvIjvbv byiæÏxb †gv‡gbkvnx
eªqjvi gyiwM eZ©gv‡b eûj cÖPwjZ Lv`¨| N‡ivqv Lvevi †_‡K ïiæ K‡i †h †Kv‡bv
†fv‡RB Gi Dcw¯’wZ| e¨vcK Pvwn`vi d‡j gvby‡li myweav‡_© cÖhyw³i †Quvqv GLv‡bI
†j‡M‡Q| ZvB A‡b‡K gyiwM wK‡b wb‡R R‡en K‡i cwi®‹vi Kivi cwie‡Z© †Wªwms‡qi
mvnvh¨ MÖnY K‡i _v‡K| Ab¨ w`‡K Pvwn`vi Avwa‡K¨i Kvi‡Y `ªæZ R‡en Kivi wbwg‡Ë
†gwkb e¨envi Kiv nq| G welq¸‡jv msµvšÍ kiÔqx weavb wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
kixÔAvZm¤§Z R‡e‡ni wKQz kZ©
R‡e‡ni mgq R‡enKvixi Rb¨ Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi bvg †bqv Avek¨K| †Kbbv KziAvb
nv`x‡m Avjøvn&i R‡enK…Z cÖvYx nvjvj nIqvi Ab¨Zg kZ© mve¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q|
KziAv‡b Kvix‡g Bikv` n‡q‡Q-
 zyxwv u t srqp
Ò†hme Rš‘i Dci (R‡e‡ni mgq) Avjøvni bvg †bqv nq bv, †m¸‡jv †_‡K f¶Y
K‡iv bv| G f¶Y Kiv ¸bvn|Ó635
ivm~jyjøvn nv`x‡m
Avjøvvni bvg †bqv‡K kZ© wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| iv‡d Be‡b Lvw`R ivwh. †_‡K
ewY©Z-
.‫ وذﮐﺮ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﮑﻞ‬،‫ ﻣﺎ أﻧﻬﺮ اﻟﺪم‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, Avjøvni bvg wb‡q †h Rš‘ R‡en (i³ cÖevwnZ) Kiv nq, Zv
636
LvI|Ó
dzKvnv‡q †KivgI wemwgjøvn ejv Avek¨K nIqvi K_v wdK‡ni wKZvevw`‡Z D‡jøL
K‡i‡Qb| Zuv‡`i Av‡jvPbv mvg‡b ivL‡j †evSv hvq, wemwgjøvn ejv R‡en Kivi mv‡_
m¤úK© cÖvYxi msL¨vi mv‡_ bq| A_©vr Qzwi Pvjv‡bvi mgq wemwgjøvn ej‡Z n‡e,
GKevi Qzwi Pvjv‡j hZ¸‡jv cÖvYx R‡en †nvK bv †Kb| myZivs GKevi wemwgjøvn e‡j
Qzwi Pvjv‡j, Gi Øviv `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK cÖvYx GK mv‡_ R‡en n‡j ZvI nvjvj n‡e|
†hgb dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z Av‡Q-
.‫ ﺗﮑﻔﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ واﺣﺪة إذا ذﺑﺤﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺈﻣﺮار واﺣﺪ‬،‫وﻟﻮ أﺿﺠﻊ إﺣﺪي اﻟﺸﺎﺗﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻷﺧﺮي‬
Òhw` GKwU eKix Ab¨ GKwU eKixi Dci ïB‡q DfqwU GKevi Qzwi Pvwj‡q R‡en

635 m~iv AvbAvg: 121

636 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 2488
 gyiwM †Wªwms I hvwš¿K R‡e‡ni kiÔqx weavb 321
Kiv nq, Zvn‡j GKevi ÔwemwgjøvnÕ ejvB h‡_ó n‡e|Ó637
Av‡iv D‡jøL n‡q‡Q-
‫ وﻟﻮ أﻣﺮ اﻟﺴﮑﻴﻦ‬.‫ وذﺑﺢ آﺧﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ إﺛﺮﻩ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﻢ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬،‫ ﻓﺬﺑﺢ وﺳﻤﻲ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﻌﺼﺎﻓﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪﻩ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﮑﻞ ﺟﺎز ﺑﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ واﺣﺪة‬
Òwemwgjøvn c‡o K‡qKwU Po–B cvwL †_‡K GKwU R‡en Kivi ci, Zvr¶wYK wemwgjøvn
bv c‡o Av‡iKevi Qzwi Pvwj‡q Av‡iKwU Po–B R‡en Ki‡j, wØZxqwU nvjvj n‡e bv|
Z‡e me¸‡jv Po–B cvwL GKm‡½ Qzwi Pvwj‡q R‡en Ki‡j, GKevi wemwgjøvn covB
h‡_ó n‡e|Ó638
†gvUK_v, wemwgjøvn e‡j GKevi Qzwi Pvj‡bvi Øviv GK mv‡_ K‡qKwU Rš‘ R‡en n‡j
me¸‡jvB nvjvj n‡e| c¶všÍ‡i hw` GKevi wemwgjøvn e‡j GKwU Rš‘ R‡en Kiv
n‡jv, Gici Av‡iv GKwU R‡en Kiv n‡jv wemwgjøvn bv e‡jB, Zvn‡j cÖ_g evi
wemwgjøvn ejvi Øviv wØZxq ev‡ii Rš‘ nvjvj n‡e bv|
†gwk‡b R‡e‡ni mgq GKevi †gwkb Pvjy Kivi ci w`be¨vcx me©¶Y Pj‡ZB _v‡K|
A‡bK mgq †Zv ivZw`b GKvav‡i †gwkb Pvjy _v‡K Ges G‡KKevi nvRvi nvRvi gyiwM
G‡Ki ci GK R‡en n‡Z _v‡K| G‡¶‡Î cÖ_gevi R‡enK…Z gyiwM¸‡jv ˆea nIqvi
my‡hvM _vK‡jI wØZxq ev‡ii¸‡jv nvjvj nIqvi my‡hvM †bB|
kixÔAvZm¤§Z R‡e‡ni Av‡iKwU kZ© n‡jv, R‡enKvix gymjgvb ev Avn‡j wKZve
nIqv, †m wR¤§x †nvK ev nviex|
Avjøvgv ZzgviZvkx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺻﺒﻴﺎ ﻳﻌﻘﻞ اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬...‫ وﻟﻮ اﻟﺬاﺑﺢ‬،‫ ﻓﺘﺤﻞ ذﺑﻴﺤﺘﻬﻤﺎ‬،‫ و ﺣﺮﺑﻴﺎ‬،‫ أو ﮐﺘﺎﺑﻴﺎ ذﻣﻴﺎ‬...‫وﺷﺮط ﮐﻮن اﻟﺬاﺑﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎ‬
.‫واﻟﺬﺑﺢ‬
ÒR‡enKvix gymjgvb ev Avn‡j wKZve nIqv kZ©, †m wR¤§x †nvK wKsev nviex| Zv‡`i
R‡enK…Z cï LvIqv nvjvj n‡e| hw`I R‡enKvix nq eySgvb ev”Pv, †h wemwgjøvn
cov Ges R‡en Kiv †ev‡S|Ó639
gyiwM R‡e‡ni AvaywbK c×wZ
KvbvWv, `w¶Y Avwd«Kv Ges RvwRivmn we‡k¦i wewfbœ DbœZ iv‡óª gyiwM R‡en †_‡K
ïiæ K‡i c¨v‡KU KvZ Kiv ch©šÍ meKvRB AZ¨vaywbK †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ m¤úbœ Kiv
nq|
†gwk‡bi GKw`‡K RxweZ gyiwM w`‡j Aciw`‡K c¨v‡KU n‡q †ewi‡q Av‡m| gyiwM

637 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/289, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

638 dZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/289, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
639 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 9/427, (Zvbexiæj Avemv‡ii BevivZ) gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
322 `imyj wdK&n
R‡en, †`n †_‡K Pvgov AcmviY, †c‡Ui †fZi †_‡K bvwofuywo †ei Kiv, †MvkZ
cwi®‹vi n‡q c¨v‡KU nIqv BZ¨vw` me¸‡jv ch©vqB GKwU ˆe`y¨wZK A‡Uv †gwk‡bi
mvnv‡h¨ m¤úbœ n‡q _v‡K|
†gwk‡bi hš¿cvwZ¸‡jv †jvnvi `xN© GKwU cvUvZ‡bi Dci ¯’vwcZ| GB cvUvZbwU
g~jZ wekvj KviLvbvi †fZi wbwg©Z `ywU †`qv‡ji Dci ¯’vcb Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
cvUvZ‡bi wb‡P AmsL¨ wbgœgyLx ûK _v‡K| UªvK ev jwi‡Z K‡i nvRvi nvRvi gyiwM
Avbv nq Ges gyiwM¸‡jvi Dfq cv û‡Ki m‡½ Ggbfv‡e Uvwb‡q †`qv nq †h, †m¸‡jvi
†`n I gv_v wb‡Pi w`‡K SzjšÍ _v‡K| A_©vr gyiwMi cv _v‡K Dc‡ii w`‡K Ges gv_v
wb‡Pi w`‡K| AZtci †gwkb Pvjy Kivi m‡½ m‡½ cvUvZ‡bi m‡½ Uvbv‡bv ûK¸‡jv
gyiwMmn Pj‡Z ïiæ K‡i| Zvici û‡K SzjšÍ gyiwM¸‡jv‡K †QvU †QvU Sibv †_‡K
wbM©Z VvÛv I kxZj cvwb Øviv †avqv nq| D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv cÖ_‡g Zvi †`‡n †j‡M _vKv
gqjv¸‡jv fv‡jvfv‡e cwi¯‹vi K‡i †bqv| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgq H cvwb‡Z we`y¨‡ZiI
ms‡hvM _v‡K, hvi d‡j gyiwM¸‡jv A‡PZb n‡q hvq|
AZtci ûK¸‡jv gyiwMmn Ggb ¯’v‡b P‡j hvq, hvi wb‡P N~Yv© qgvb Qywi ¯’vwcZ _v‡K|
Qzwi¸‡jv Lye `ªæZMwZ‡Z Nyi‡Z _v‡K| û‡Ki m‡½ Uvbv‡bv gyiwM¸‡jv Qzwii Dci
Avm‡ZB gyiwMi gv_v †`n †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq|
Gfv‡e mvgvb¨ mg‡q AmsL¨ gyiwMi gv_v †`n †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq| AZtci
ûK¸‡jv gyiwMmn Av‡iv mvg‡b AMÖmi nq, †hLv‡b Dci †_‡K cÖej †e‡M Mig cvwb
G‡m gyiwMi †`‡ni ci¸‡jv cwi®‹vi K‡i †d‡j| cieZx© ch©v‡q †c‡Ui bvwofuywo †ei
Kiv, †MvkZ cwi®‹vi Kiv, UzK‡iv UzK‡iv Kiv Ges me©‡kl c¨v‡KU KvZ Kivi
KvR¸‡jv Gfv‡eB AvaywbK G †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ m¤úvw`Z n‡q _v‡K|
GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, GB AZ¨vaywbK †gwkb mviv w`b GKUvbv Pvjy _v‡K| Avevi †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv mgq ivZw`b PweŸk NÈvB Pvjy _v‡K| we‡kl cwiw¯’wZ‡Z KL‡bv mvgwqKfv‡e
eÜ _vK‡j wfbœ K_v|640
AvaywbK c×wZ‡Z gyiwM R‡e‡n wb‡gœv³ `~lYxq welqvejx we`¨gvb
1. we`y¨r ms‡hvwRZ VvÐv cvwbi †fZi gyiwM AwZevwnZ n‡j, ¯^vfvweK wbqg Abymv‡i
ejv hvq †h, we`y¨r ms‡hvRb cïi g„Zz¨i KviY n‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e Zvi †evakw³
nvwi‡q Aek n‡q hvq| GgbwK †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv AwfÁ e¨w³i aviYv n‡jv, we`y¨‡Zi
ms‡hvR‡b kZKiv beŸB fvM gyiwMB †PZbv kw³ nvwi‡q †d‡j| G Kvi‡Y G RvZxq
cï‡K R‡en Ki‡j ZZUzKz i³ cÖevwnZ nq bv, ¯^vfvweK R‡e‡n hZUzKz i³ cÖevwnZ
nq| Dciš‘ G mKj Kvh©µ‡gi Kvi‡Y R‡e‡ni c~‡e© c︇jv gviv hvIqviI cÖej
AvksKv _v‡K|

640 eyûQ dx Kvhvqv wdKwnq¨v gyÔAvmvivn: 2/41-42, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 gyiwM †Wªwms I hvwš¿K R‡e‡ni kiÔqx weavb 323
2. †gwk‡b ms‡hvwRZ Qzwi¸‡jv gyiwMi Mjvi iM¸‡jv KvUvi Rb¨ h‡_ó n‡jI †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv mgq †h †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y û‡K Uvbv‡bv gyiwM¸‡jvi Mjv AKwZ©Z †_‡K hvq| wKsev
Aí †K‡U †ewk Ask AKwZ©Z †_‡K hvq| Avi GB `yB Ae¯’vq kixÔAvZm¤§Z R‡en
nq bv|
3. †gwk‡b Qzwi¸‡jv ms‡hvwRZ _vK‡j cÖwZwU gyiwMi R‡b¨ wemwgjøvn cov
†Kv‡bvµ‡gB m¤¢e bq| KviY R‡enKvix wbav©iY Kiv Avek¨K| †h‡nZz wemwgjøvn
cov R‡enKvixi Dci IqvwRe| myZivs hw` R‡enKvix e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †KD wemwgjøvn
c‡o Ges R‡enKvix B”QvK…Zfv‡e wemwgjøvn †Q‡o †`q Zvn‡j H cï LvIqv nvjvj
n‡e bv| hw` †g‡bI †bqv nq, †h e¨w³ †gwkb Pvjy K‡i †mB R‡enKvix| ZeyI cÖwZwU
gyiMx nvjvj bv nIqvi AvksKv we`¨gvb, †h‡nZz Zvi c‡¶ cÖwZwU gyiwMi R‡b¨
wemwgjøvn cov m¤¢e bq| †Kbbv †h e¨w³ mKv‡j †gwkb Pvjy Ki‡jv, †m †Zv GKevi
Pvjy Kivi ci †gwkbwU w`be¨vcx me©¶Y Pj‡ZB _v‡K| Avevi A‡bK mgq †Zv ivZw`b
jvMvZvi †gwkb Pvjy _v‡K| Avi nvRvi nvRvi gyiwMi gv_v †`n †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡Z
_v‡K| GQvovI Qzwii mvg‡b `uvov‡bv †Kv‡bv e¨w³i wemwgjøvn cov kixÔAv‡Zi Pvwn`v
c~i‡Y h‡_ó bq|
4. †gwk‡b R‡en Ki‡j gyiwMi gv_v †`n †_‡K Avjv`v n‡q hvq, GwU gvKiƒn| Avjøvgv
Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﺗﺆﮐﻞ ذﺑﻴﺤﺘﻪ‬،‫ ﮐﺮﻩ ﻟﻪ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ أو ﻗﻄﻊ اﻟﺮأس‬،‫وﻣﻦ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﮑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺨﺎع‬
ÒR‡e‡n M`©v‡bi †kl nvwÇ ch©šÍ KvUv ev gv_v‡K †`n †_‡K wew”Qbœ Kiv gvKiƒn|
Z‡e Zvi †MvkZ LvIqv hv‡e|Ó641
5. Mig cvwbi †fZi gyiwMi AwZevwnZ nIqvi †¶‡Î `ywU cÖkœ DÌvwcZ nq-
K. †hme gyiwMi Mjv N~Y©vqgvb Qywii Øviv G‡Kev‡iB Kv‡Uwb, ev Aí †K‡U‡Q Ges
Zvi †fZi cÖvY Aewkó i‡q‡Q, Mig cvwbi †fZi w`‡q AwZevwnZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y
†m¸‡jvi g„Zz¨ NUvi cÖej m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q|
L. gyiwM¸‡jv bvwofuywo †ei Kivi c~‡e©B Mig cvwbi †fZi w`‡q AwZevwnZ n‡q _v‡K|
hw` cvwb DËß Mig nq Ges GZUzKz mgq cvwb‡Z _v‡K †h, bvcvwK †Mvk‡Zi †fZi
cÖweó n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j H †MvkZ LvIqv nvjvj n‡e bv|
DwjøwLZ mgm¨v¸‡jvi Av‡jv‡K G welqwU ¯úó n‡q hvq †h, AZ¨vaywbK †gwk‡bi
mvnv‡h¨ cï R‡en Kiv Rv‡qh †bB| †Kbbv AvaywbK †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ cï R‡en
Ki‡j Zv nvivg nIqvi m‡›`n †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv m¤¢e nq bv| Avi ivm~jyjøvn
GKvwaK nv`x‡m m‡›`n †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| nhiZ Av`x Be‡b nvwZg
ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-

641 †n`vqv: 4/438, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

324 `imyj wdK&n
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﺄﮐﻞ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻻ أدري أﻳﻬﻤﺎ أﺧﺬﻩ‬،‫ وأﺟﺪ ﻣﻌﻪ ﮐﻠﺒﺎ آﺧﺮ‬،‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إﻧﻲ أرﺳﻞ ﮐﻠﺒﻲ‬:‫ﻗﻠﺖ‬
.‫ﺳﻤﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻲ ﮐﻠﺒﻚ وﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjøvn †K wR‡Ám Kijvg, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! wkKv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨
cvVv‡bv (cÖwk¶YcÖvß) KzKz‡ii m‡½ Ab¨ KzKziI †`L‡Z cvB Ges Rvb‡Z cvwi bv,
†Kv‡bv KzKzi wkKvi K‡i‡Q? ivm~jyjøvn ej‡jb, GiKg wkKvi †L‡qv bv| †Kbbv
Zzwg †Zvgvi KzKz‡ii Dci wemwgjøvn c‡oQ; Ab¨wUi Dci bq|Ó642
wkKvi m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyjøvn e‡jb-
.‫ اﻟﻤﺎء ﻗﺘﻠﻪ أو ﺳﻬﻤﻚ‬،‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﻻ ﺗﺪري‬،‫إن وﺟﺪﺗﻪ ﻏﺮﻳﻘﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎء ﻓﻼ ﺗﺄﮐﻞ‬
Òhw` Zzwg (wkKvi Kiv cªvYx) cvwb‡Z cvI, Zvn‡j Zv †L‡qv bv| †Kbbv †Zvgvi Rvbv
†bB, H cÖvYxwU cvwb‡Z †Wvevi Kvi‡Y g‡i‡Q, bv †Zvgvi Zx‡ii AvNv‡Z g‡i‡Q?Ó643
Dc‡ivwjøwLZ Dfq nv`x‡mi g‡a¨ ivm~jyjøvn m‡›`n †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi wb‡`©k
cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e D³ `~lYxq welqvejx ms‡kvab Kiv n‡j AZ¨vaywbK †gwk‡bi
mvnv‡h¨ cï R‡en Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweav †bB|
GLv‡b G K_v ejvi my‡hvM †bB †h, †gwk‡bi R‡en KzKzi Øviv wkKvi Kivi gZ|
A_©vr KzKzi‡K wemwgjøvn e‡j †Q‡o w`‡j †m hZ¸‡jv cÖvYx wkKvi Ki‡e meB nvjvj|
GLv‡bI GKevi wemwgjøvn c‡o †gwk‡bi myBP w`‡j GK ÷v‡U© µgvš^‡q R‡enK…Z
mKj Rš‘I nvjvj n‡e|
G‡¶‡Î G hyw³ mwVK bq| KviY KzKz‡ii wkKvi (‫ )ذﺑﺢ اﺿﻄﺮاري‬ÔRe‡n Bh‡ZivixÕ|
Avi Qzwi w`‡q R‡en Kiv n‡jv (‫ )ذﺑﺢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎري‬ÔRe‡n BLwZqvixÕ|644 Avi Df‡qi
wewaweavb wfbœ, GK bq| ZvB GKUvi Dci wfwË K‡i Ab¨Uvi weavb w¯’i Kivi my‡hvM
†bB| G QvovI †h‡nZz eZ©gv‡b Kv‡Ri †jvK wecyj, ZvB R‡en BZ¨vw` †h KvR¸‡jv
†gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ Ki‡j kiÔqx AvcwË i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv †jvK w`‡q Kivi c~Y© my‡hvM
_vKv m‡Ë¡I, †gwk‡b Kiv‡K Riæix g‡b Kiv wVK n‡e bv|
AvaywbK †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ cï R‡e‡ni RwUjZv wbimb
Dc‡ivwjøwLZ `~lYxq welq¸‡jvi avivevwnK ms‡kvab-
1. VvÐv cvwb‡Z we`y¨r ms‡hvM bv †`qv| wKsev †Kv‡bv cÖwµqvq GB welqwU wbwðZ

642 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 5486

643 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1929
644 Re‡n Bh‡Zivix: †h R‡en GKvšÍ AcviMZv ekZ n‡q _v‡K| †hgb KzKzi BZ¨vw` †Kvb wkKvix cÖvYxi gva¨‡g wkKvi

Kiv n‡j wkKvix cÖvYxi AvNvZ‡KB R‡en a‡i †bqv nq| †Kbbv G‡¶‡Î Qzwi w`‡q i³ cÖevwnZ K‡i R‡en Kiv
m¤¢e bq|
Re‡n BLwZqvix: †h R‡en ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq n‡q _v‡K| †hgb Qzwi w`‡q R‡en Kiv| GUvB Avmj R‡en| GUv
m¤¢e n‡j cÖ_gUv MÖnY Kiv AbywPZ|
 gyiwM †Wªwms I hvwš¿K R‡e‡ni kiÔqx weavb 325
nIqv †h, R‡e‡ni Av‡MB we`y¨‡Zi ¯ú‡k© gyiwMi g„Zz¨ nqwb|
2. †gwkb †_‡K Qzwi Ly‡j Zvi cwie‡Z© K‡qKRb gymjgvb `vuo Kwi‡q †`‡e| hLb
gyiwM¸‡jv `vuov‡bv †jvK‡`i KvQ w`‡q AwZµg Ki‡e ZLb Zviv ch©vqµ‡g cÖwZwU
gyiwM wemwgjøvn c‡o R‡en Ki‡e|
Z`ªƒcfv‡e hw` Ggb †Kv‡bv †gwkb ˆZwi Kiv hvq, hvi mshy³ Qzwi¸‡jv GKRb
gymjgvb wbqš¿Y Ki‡e Ges †m cÖwZevi wemwgjøvn e‡j myBP w`‡e| Gfv‡e †h evi
wemwgjøvn e‡j myBP w`‡e †m ev‡i †h gyiwM¸‡jv R‡en n‡e †m¸‡jvi Dci wemwgjøvn
ejvi Kvi‡Y GB R‡en kiÔqx R‡en n‡e|
3. GB welqwU wbwðZ nIqv Riæix †h, Mig cvwbi †fZi †h gyiwM AwZevwnZ nq,
Zv †hb dzUšÍ cvwbi †fZi GZ¶Y mgq bv _v‡K hv Øviv Af¨šÍ‡ii bvcvwK †Mvk‡Zi
†fZi cÖweó nq| Dc‡iv³ ms‡kvabx MÖn‡Yi ci †gwk‡b RevBK…Z gyiwM¸‡jv nvjvj
n‡q hv‡e|645
†Wªwms‡qi c×wZ I Zvi kiÔqx ûKzg
R‡enK…Z †gviM-gyiwM Mig cvwb‡Z Wzwe‡q †gwk‡bi mvnv‡h¨ †Wªwms‡qi KwZcq
c×wZ|
K. †gvi‡Mi bvwofuywo †ei bv K‡i cweÎ ev AcweÎ DËß Mig cvwb‡Z `xN© mgq ivLv|
hvi d‡j bvcvwKi wµqv †Mvk‡Zi †fZi Xz‡K hvq|
L. †gvi‡Mi bvwofuywo †ei K‡i AcweÎ DËß Mig cvwb‡Z `xN© mgq ivLv| hvi `iæb
AcweÎ cvwb †Mvk‡Zi †fZi Xz‡K hvq|
D³ `yB Ae¯’vq †MvkZ nvivg n‡q hv‡e, nvjv‡ji †Kv‡bv e¨e¯’v †bB| G K_vi DciB
dvZIqv|
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻄﻬﺮ أﺑﺪا‬،‫وﻟﻮ أﻟﻘﻴﺖ دﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻐﻠﻴﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎء ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﺸﻖ ﺑﻄﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻨﺘﻒ أو ﻛﺮش ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻐﺴﻞ‬
Òhw` gyiwMi bvwofuywo †ei Kivi c~‡e© †Wªwms‡qi Rb¨ DËß Mig cvwb‡Z Pzwe‡q †`q,
Zvn‡j Zv (bvcvK n‡q hv‡e) KL‡bv cvK n‡e bv|Ó646
M. †gvi‡Mi bvwofzuwo †ei Kiv I Dc‡ii gqjv cwi®‹vi Kivi ci cweÎ DËß Mig
cvwb‡Z `xN© mgq ev mvgvb¨ mgq ivLv| GB myi‡Z †Kv‡bv mgm¨v †bB|
N. †gvi‡Mi bvwofzuwo †ei Kivi c~‡e© ev c‡i mvgvb¨ Mig cvwb‡Z GZ Aí mgq ivLv,
hvi `iæb †fZ‡ii bvcvwK ev bvcvK cvwbi AvQi †Mvk‡Zi †fZi Xz‡K bv| GB Ae¯’vq
†MvkZ nvivg n‡e bv| Z‡e ewnivs‡k bvcvK jvMvi Kvi‡Y wZbevi †av‡Z n‡e|

645 eyûQ dx Kvhvqv wdKwnq¨v gyÔAvmvivn: 2/50-51 gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
646 dvZûj Kv`xi: 1/211, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
326 `imyj wdK&n
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺘﺮﺳﻮن ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ‬،‫ﻓﺎﻷوﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻤﻴﻂ أن ﻳﻄﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﻟﺘﻨﺠﺲ ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﺠﻠﺪ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﺎء‬
.‫اﻟﻤﻨﺠﺲ‬
Ò‡h gyiwM cwi®‹v‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ Mig cvwb‡Z Pzev‡bv n‡q‡Q, Zvi Pvgovi DcwifvM
bvcvK nIqvi Kvi‡Y wZbevi ay‡q wb‡e|Ó647
ZvB mZK©Zvg~jK cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z †Wªwms bv K‡i ¯^vfvweK c×wZ‡Z evwo‡Z †Wªwms
KivB DwPr| GKvšÍ hw` evRv‡i wKsev †`vKv‡b †Wªwms Ki‡ZB nq, Zvn‡j cÖ_‡g
R‡enK…Z †gviM-gyiwMi bvwofuzwo †ei K‡i kix‡i †j‡M _vKv bvcvKx cwi®‹vi K‡i
wb‡e| Gici cweÎ Mig cvwb‡Z Aí mgq †i‡L †Wªwms Ki‡e|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
nvUnvRvix

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
02 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

647 dvZûj Kv`xi: 1/211, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

 327

AvKxKv: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb

gvIjvbv †bvgvb cUzqvLvjx
AvKxKv GKwU we‡kl Bev`Z| hv mšÍvb f~wgô nIqvi mßg w`‡b cvjb Kiv nq| g~jZ
AvKxKv n‡jv mšÍvb f~wgô nIqvi ïKwiqv Av`vqv‡_© Rš‘ Kzievbx Kiv| wb‡gœ AvKxKv
m¤ú‡K© wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
AvKxKvi ûKzg
Bgvg Zvnvex ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﻣﻦ ﺷﺎء ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎء ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎ‬،‫واﻟﻌﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﻄﻮع‬
ÒAvKxKv GKwU bdj Bev`Z, hv Av`vq Kiv I bv Kivi e¨vcv‡i ¯^vaxbZv i‡q‡Q|Ó648
wKQz wKQz nv`x‡m AvKxKv m¤ú‡K© Av‡`kevPK kã e¨envi n‡jI Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyjøvn
welqwU‡K Hw”QK †i‡L‡Qb| Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
،‫ ﻣﻦ وﻟﺪ ﻟﻪ وﻟﺪ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ وﻛﺄﻧﻪ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻛﺮﻩ اﻻﺳﻢ‬،‫ ﻻ أﺣﺐ اﻟﻌﻘﻮق‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ﺳﺌﻞ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬
.‫ﻓﺄﺣﺐ أن ﻳﻨﺴﻚ ﻋﻦ وﻟﺪﻩ ﻓﻠﻴﻔﻌﻞ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn †K AvKxKv m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv n‡j wZwb e‡jb, Avwg ÔDKzKÕ cQ›`
Kwi bv| †hb ivm~jyjøvn kãwU AcQ›` Ki‡jb| Ges e‡jb, Kv‡iv mšÍvb f~wgó n‡j,
†m hw` Pvq mšÍv‡bi c¶ †_‡K ÔbymyKÕ (Kzievbx) Av`vq Ki‡Z, †m †hb Zv K‡i|Ó649
Bgvg Avey `vD` ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺐ اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﺳﺌﻞ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮو ﺑﻦ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻪ أراﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺪﻩ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ ﻓﺄﺣﺐ أن ﻳﻨﺴﻚ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻠﻴﻨﺴﻚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻐﻼم ﺷﺎﺗﺎن‬،‫ ﻣﻦ وﻟﺪ ﻟﻪ وﻟﺪ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻛﺮﻩ اﻻﺳﻢ‬.‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮق‬
650
.‫ وﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﺷﺎة‬،‫ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺌﺘﺎن‬
ÒAvgi Be‡b †kvqvBe Zvi wcZv †_‡K eY©bv K‡i e‡jb †h, ivm~jyjøvn †K AvKxKv
m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv n‡j, ivm~j e‡jb, Avjøvn ÔDKzKÕ cQ›` K‡ib bv| †hb ivm~j
kãwU AcQ›` Ki‡jb| Zvici e‡jb, Kv‡iv mšÍvb nIqvi ci Zvi c¶ †_‡K
ÔbymyKÕ Av`vq Ki‡Z PvB‡j †Q‡j mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ mgch©v‡qi `yÕwU eKwi Avi †g‡q mšÍv‡bi
Rb¨ GKwU eKwi R‡en Ki‡e|Ó651
Bgvg Avey eKi Rvm&mvm ivn. nv`xmwU D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻌﻠّﻖ‬،«‫ ﻓﻠﻴﻔﻌﻞ‬،‫ »ﻣﻦ أﺣﺐ أن ﻳﻨﺴﻚ ﻋﻦ وﻟﺪﻩ‬:‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬،‫وﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ واﺟﺒﺔ‬

648 gyLZvmviæZ Zvnvex: 299, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

649 gyAvËv gv‡jK: nv`xm bs 1838
‫ وﺻﺤﺤﻪ وواﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ« وﻗﻮاﻩ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺴﻨﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬٧٥٩۲ «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ أﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﻨﻴﺴﺎﺑﻮري ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرك‬650
«
651 Avj gymZv`ivK wjj nv‡Kg: nv`xm bs 7592
328 `imyj wdK&n
.‫ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﺒﻪ‬،‫ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﻤﺤﺒﺘﻪ‬
Ònv`x‡mi evwn¨K fvl¨ G K_vB eySvq, AvKxKv IqvwRe bq| †Kbbv ivm~jyjøvn
e‡j‡Qb, †KD PvB‡j AvKxKv Ki‡Z cv‡i Avi bv PvB‡j bvI Ki‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr AvKxKv
KivUv Hw”QK welq| Kiv bv Kiv cy‡ivUvB B”Qvaxb|Ó652
Avjøvgv AvBbx ivn. nv`xmwU D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
.‫ﻓﻬﺬا )اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ( ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب‬
Ònv`xmwU AvKxKv gy¯Ívnve nIqvi cÖgvY enb K‡i|Ó653
Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. Avn‡j g`xbvi Avgj D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
.‫ وﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻟﻢ ﻳﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬،‫ وﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ‬،‫وﻟﻴﺴﺖ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﻮاﺟﺒﺔ‬
ÒAvKxKv IqvwRe bq| eis gy¯Ívnve Avgj, hv g`xbvevmxi gv‡S avivevwnKfv‡e P‡j
Avm‡Q|Ó654
AvKxKvi w`b
beRvZK wkï f~wgô nIqvi mßg w`b AvKxKv Kiv gy¯Ívnve| nhiZ mvgyiv ivwh. †_‡K
ewY©Z-
655.‫ وﻳﺤﻠﻖ رأﺳﻪ‬،‫ وﻳﺴﻤﻰ‬،‫ ﺗﺬﺑﺢ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬،‫ اﻟﻐﻼم ﻣﺮﺗﻬﻦ ﺑﻌﻘﻴﻘﺘﻪ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬

Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, wkï (A_©vr Zvi fvj-g›`) wbR AvKxKvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ I Ave×
_v‡K| myZivs mßg w`‡b Zvi c¶ †_‡K Rš‘ R‡en Ki‡e, Zvi bvg ivL‡e Ges gv_v
gyÛv‡e|Ó656
Bgvg Zvevivbx ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ وأﻣﻴﻄﻮا ﻋﻨﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﻫﺮﻗﻮا ﻋﻨﻪ دﻣﺎ‬،‫ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻳﻮم ﺳﺎﺑﻌﻪ‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬
،‫اﻷذى‬ 657.‫وﺳﻤﻮﻩ‬

ÒnhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K eY©bv K‡i e‡jb, mßg w`‡b wkïi
c¶ †_‡K Rš‘ R‡en K‡iv, gv_v gyÛvI Ges bvg iv‡Lv|Ó658
nv`x‡m mßg w`‡bi K_v D‡jøL _vK‡jI AvKxKv mßg w`‡bi g‡a¨ mxgve× bq| KviY
Av‡iv wKQz nv`xm †_‡K mßg w`‡bi c‡iI AvKxKv Kivi AbygwZ †evSv hvq| Bgvg
wZiwghx ivn. Gi Dci AvgjI bKj K‡i‡Qb-
‫ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺒﻮن أن ﻳﺬﺑﺢ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻐﻼم اﻟﻌﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺈن‬،‫ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻋﻨﺪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬:‫ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ‬

652 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 7/293, gvKZvev‡q Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

653 Dg`vZzj Kvix: 17/235, gvKZvev‡q ZvIwdwKqv
654 gyAvËv gv‡jK: 192

.‫ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫ رواﻩ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ »ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ« وﻗﺎل‬655

656 Rv‡g wZiwghx: nv`xm bs 1522

.‫ ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ ﺛﻘﺎت‬، «‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻷوﺳﻂ« و» اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬۱٦٩۳) «‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬657
658 gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q`: nv`xm bs 1693
 AvKxKv: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 329
.‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻬﻴﺄ ﻋﻖ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻮم ﺣﺎدي وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﻴﻮم اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‬،‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻬﻴﺄ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬
ÒIjvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi wbKU mßg w`‡b AvKxKv Kiv gy¯Ívnve| mßg w`‡b m¤¢e bv n‡j
†PŠÏZg w`‡b, ZvI m¤¢e bv n‡j GKzkZg w`‡b AvKxKv Ki‡e|Ó659
nv‡Kg Avey Avãyjøvn wbkvcyix ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻧﺬرت اﻣﺮأة ﻣﻦ آل ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺑﻜﺮ إن وﻟﺪت اﻣﺮأة ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬: ‫ﻋﻦ أم ﻛﺮز و أﺑﻲ ﻛﺮز ﻗﺎﻻ‬
‫ و ﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﺎرﻳﺔ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺑﻞ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ أﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻐﻼم ﺷﺎﺗﺎن ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺌﺘﺎن‬: ‫ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬،‫ﻧﺤﺮﻧﺎ ﺟﺰورا‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻓﻔﻲ أرﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ‬،‫ و ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ذاك ﻳﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬،‫ ﻓﻴﺄﻛﻞ و ﻳﻄﻌﻢ و ﻳﺘﺼﺪق‬...‫ﺷﺎة‬
660.‫ﻓﻔﻲ إﺣﺪى و ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬

ÒAvãyi ingvb Be‡b Avey eKi ivwh. Gi ¯¿x gvbZ K‡iwQ‡jv †h, Avãyi ingv‡bi †Kvb
mšÍvb n‡j Avwg GKwU DU AvKxKv wn‡m‡e R‡en Ki‡ev| Av‡qkv ivwh. Zvi GK_v ï‡b
ej‡jb, AvKxKvi Rb¨ DU R‡en K‡iv bv| eis DËg n‡jv, †Q‡j mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ mgeq‡mi
`yÕwU QvMj Avi †g‡q mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ GKwU QvMj R‡en Kiv... Avi (Zvi †Mv¯Í wb‡Riv)
Lv‡e, Ab¨‡`i LvIqv‡e Ges m`Kv Ki‡e| Avi Zv †hb nq mßg w`‡b, m¤¢e bv n‡j
†PŠÏZg w`‡b, A_ev GKzkZg w`‡b|Ó661
Avjøvgv hdi Avng` _vbfx ivn. nv`xmwU D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
‫ وإﻻ ﻓﻔﻲ اﻟﺤﺎدي‬،‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮر أﻳﻀﺎ أﻧﻬﺎ إن ﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﺑﺢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ذﺑﺤﺖ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
.‫واﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬
ÒDwjøwLZ nv`x‡m GI Av‡Q †h, mßg w`‡b AvKxKv Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j †PŠÏZg w`‡b ev
GKzkZg w`‡b Ki‡e|Ó662
Bgvg Avãyi iv¾vK mvbÔAvbx ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﺈن أﺧﻄﺄﻫﻢ ﻓﺄﺣﺐ إﻟﻲ أن ﻳﺆﺧﺮوﻩ إﻟﻰ‬، ‫ ﻳﻌﻖ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻮم ﺳﺎﺑﻌﻪ‬: ‫ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﻄﺎء ﻳﻘﻮل‬: ‫ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻴﻨﺔ ﻗﺎل‬
.‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ اﻵﺧﺮ‬
ÒBe‡b DqvBbv ivn. e‡jb, Avwg AvZv ivn. †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, mßg w`‡b mšÍv‡bi
AvKxKv Ki‡e| hw` Ki‡Z bv cv‡i, Zvn‡j cieZ©x mßg w`‡b Ki‡e|Ó663
hw` GKzkZg w`‡bI AvKxKv Kiv m¤¢e bv nq, Zvn‡j mßg w`‡bi wnmv‡e †h †Kvb w`b
AvKxKv Ki‡j Zv Av`vq n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e ev‡jM nIqv ch©šÍ wej¤^ Kiv wVK bq|
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻟﻮ ﻗﺪم ﻳﻮم اﻟﺬﺑﺢ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ أو أﺧﺮﻩ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺟﺎز إﻻ أن ﻳﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ أﻓﻀﻞ‬
Òmßg w`b e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ w`b AvKxKv Ki‡jI Zv Av`vq n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e DËg n‡jv,
659 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 3/511, `viæj nv`xm, nv`xm bs 1522
. «‫ ﻫﺬا ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻹﺳﻨﺎد و ﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺮﺟﺎﻩ وأﻗﺮﻩ اﻟﺬﻫﺒﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ‬:‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرك« وﻗﺎل‬660
661 gymZv`ivK wjj nv‡Kg: 4/238, `viæj gvÔ‡idv
662 BÔjvDm mybvb: 17/117, G`vivZzj KziAvb, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
663 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: nv`xm bs 7969
330 `imyj wdK&n
mßg w`‡b Kiv|Ó664
nvbvdx Ges kv‡dqx gvhnve g‡Z eo n‡q †KD hw` wb‡Ri AvKxKv wb‡R Ki‡Z Pvq
ZvI Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e gvmb~b AvKxKvi mvIqve cv‡e bv|
665.‫ ﻟﻮ أﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﻖ ﻋﻨﻲ ﻟﻌﻘﻘﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ‬:‫وأﺧﺮج اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﺎل‬

Ògynv¤§` Be‡b mxixb ivn. e‡jb, hw` Avwg RvbZvg Avgvi AvKxKv Kiv nqwb, Zvn‡j
Avwg wb‡RB Avgvi AvKxKv KiZvg|Ó666
‫ ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﺸﺮع ﻟﻪ ﻓﻜﺎك‬،‫ وﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﻬﻦ ﺑﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻳﻌﻖ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺮوﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ‬:‫ﻗﺎل ﻋﻄﺎء واﻟﺤﺴﻦ‬
667.‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬

ÒAvZv I nvmvb emix ivn. e‡jb, †Kvb e¨w³ wb‡Ri AvKxKv wb‡R Ki‡Z cv‡i| †Kbbv
AvKxKv Kiv kixÔAv‡Zi GKwU weavb| ZvQvov cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³mËv AvKxKvi Kv‡Q `vqe×
_v‡K| ZvB Zvi Rb¨ DwPZ n‡jv, GB `vq †_‡K wb‡R‡K gy³ Kiv|Ó668
gydZx Avãyi inxg jvRcyix ivn. e‡jb, A‡bK Ijvgv‡q †Kivg mßg w`‡bi g~jbxwZi
wfwˇZ e‡jb, ev‡jM nIqv ch©šÍ AvKxKv Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Avi A‡b‡K ‡Zv †Kvb mgqB
wba©viY K‡ib bv| Zv‡`i `jxj n‡jv ivm~jyjøvn 50 eQi eq‡m AvKxKv K‡i‡Qb|
A_P †iIqv‡qZwU hÔqxd| Dciš‘ Zv wQj AcviMZvi Ae¯’v| eZ©gv‡b gvbyl D‡jøL‡hvM¨
†Kvb KviY QvovB ÔAvKxKvÕ gv‡mi ci gvm GgbwK K‡qK eQiI wej¤^ K‡i _v‡K| wewfbœ
cwiev‡iI weevn, LZbv, (AvKxKv) BZ¨vw` AvbyôvwbK cÖ_vi iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q| Avi mßg
w`‡bi cÖwZ jÿ¨ bv K‡iB AvKxKv K‡i _v‡K| A_P Zv gy¯Ívnve cwicš’x|
myZivs AvKxKv gy¯Ívnve c×wZ‡Z Av`vq Kiv PvB| mßg w`‡b AvKxKv Kiv DËg| m¤¢e
bv n‡j †PŠÏ ev GKzkZg w`‡b AvKxKv Ki‡e| GKvšÍ AcviMZv Qvov Gi †P‡q †ewk
wej¤^ Ki‡e bv|669
KLb †_‡K mvZ w`‡bi wnmve ïiæ n‡e
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Bgvg Avey BDm~d ivn. I AwaKvsk Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi g‡Z
beRvZK wkïi Rb¥w`bmn mvZ w`b wnmve Kiv n‡e| hw`I m~h© A¯Í hvIqvi mvgvb¨ c~‡e©
mšÍvb f~wgô nq| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. Gi e³e¨ †_‡K †evSv hvq-
.‫ ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺨﻴﻦ‬،‫وﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻮﻻدة‬
ÒmšÍvb f~wgô nIqvi w`b mvZ w`‡bi g‡a¨ MYbv Kiv n‡e bv| Z‡e Bgvg Avey nvbxdv I

664 ZvbKxûj dvZvIqvj nvwgw`q¨v: 2/368, K`xgx KzZzeLvbv

‫ ﻓﻬﺬا أﺷﻌﺚ اﻟﺮاوي ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﺮﻳﻦ إن ﻛﺎن اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫( ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ أﺷﻌﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬۲٤٧۱٨) «‫ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺼﻨﻒ‬665
.‫ أﻣﺎ إن ﻛﺎن اﺑﻦ ﺳﻮار اﻟﻜﻮﻓﻲ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬،‫ ﻓﺈﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬-‫وﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﺼﺮي ﺛﻘﺔ‬- ‫اﻟﺤﺪاﻧﻲ أو اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ اﻟﺤﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬
666 dvZûj evix: 9/742, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

‫ وﻫﺬا‬.‫ إذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﻖ ﻋﻨﻚ ﻓﻌﻖ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ وإن ﻛﻨﺖ رﺟﻼ‬:‫( ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ رﺑﻴﻊ اﺑﻦ ﺻﺒﻴﺢ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ اﻟﺒﺼﺮي‬۳۲۲/٨) «‫ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺰم ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻰ‬667
.‫إﺳﻨﺎد ﺣﺴﻦ‬
668 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: nv`xm bs 24718; Avj gyMbx: 11/123, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
669 dvZvIqv‡q inxwgqv:10/60,gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 AvKxKv: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 331
Bgvg Avey BDm~d ivn. Gi gZ wfbœ| (A_©vr f~wgô nIqvi w`b mvZ w`‡bi g‡a¨ MYbv
Kiv n‡e)|Ó670
Z‡e wkï iv‡Z Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡j mye‡n mvw`‡Ki ci †_‡K A_©vr iv‡Zi ci w`b †_‡K
mvZ w`‡bi wnmve n‡e| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn.e‡jb-
.‫وﻟﻮ وﻟﺪ ﻟﻴﻼ ﺣﺴﺒﺖ اﻟﺬﺑﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺒﻴﺤﺘﻪ‬
Òhw` mšÍvb iv‡Z f~wgô nq, ciw`b †_‡K mvZ w`‡bi wnmve n‡e|Ó671
mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv †K Ki‡e?
G wel‡q g~jbxwZ n‡jv, beRvZ‡Ki fiY-‡cvl‡Yi `vwqZ¡ hvi Dci †m hw` mvg_©¨evb
nq, Zvn‡j †m ev”Pvi AvKxKv Ki‡e|
Avjøvgv Kvhx QvbvDjøvn cvwbc_x ivn. e‡jb-
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&S
ÒmšÍv‡bi †Lvi†cv‡li `vwqZ¡kxj wbR m¤ú` Øviv ev”Pvi AvKxKv Ki‡e... wcZv Amnvq
n‡j gv mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv Ki‡e, hw` mvg_©¨evb nq|Ó672
Avjøvg kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻌﻖ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ﻋﻘﻴﻘﺔ إﻟﺦ‬... ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻟﻤﻦ وﻟﺪ ﻟﻪ أن ﻳﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﻳﻮم أﺳﺒﻮﻋﻪ‬
Òhvi mšÍvb n‡q‡Q Zvi Rb¨ gy¯Ívnve n‡jv, mßg w`‡b ev”Pvi bvg ivLv, gv_v gyÛv‡bvi
mgq AvKxKv Kiv|Ó673
mnxn nv`xm Øviv cÖgvwYZ †h, nhiZ nvmvb I ûmvBb ivwh. Gi AvKxKv Zuv‡`i wcZv
Avjx I gvZv dv‡Zgv ivwh. K‡ibwb eis Zuv‡`i bvbv ivm~jyjøvn K‡i‡Qb| †Kbbv
ivm~j nhiZ Avjx I dv‡Zgv ivwh. Gi `wi`ªZvi `iæb nvmvb ûmvB‡bi †Lvi‡cvl
I fiY‡cvl‡Yi wR¤§v`vi wQ‡jb| myZivs ivm~j Gi AvKxKv Kiv g~jbxwZ Abyhvqx
wQj| Bgvg beex ivn. e‡jb-
.
‫ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻧﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﻘﺔ ﺟﺪﻫﻤﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫أن أﺑﻮﻳﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻌﺴﺮﻳﻦ‬
ÒAvjx I dv‡Zgv ivwh. Gi `wi`ªZvi `iæb nvmvb ûmvB‡bi †Lvi‡cv‡li `vwqZ¡ ivm~j
Gi wbKU wQ‡jv|Ó674
beRvZ‡Ki fiY-†cvl‡Yi `vwqZ¡ hvi, Zvi AbygwZ wb‡q Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³ (mšÍv‡bi PvPv,
gvgv, `v`v, bvbv BZ¨vw` †KD) AvKxKv Ki‡j AvKxKv Av`vq n‡q hv‡e|
gydZx Avãyi inxg ivn. e‡jb-

670 ZvbKxûj dvZvIqvj nvwgw`q¨v: 2/369, K`xgx KzZzeLvbv AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
671 ZvbKxûj dvZvIqvj nvwgw`q¨v: 2/369, K`xgx KzZzeLvbv AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
672 gv-jv eyÏv wgbû: 172
673 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 9/485 hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
674 Avj gvRgy kiûj gynvh&hve: 8/432, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
332 `imyj wdK&n

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Òhw` Ab¨ †KD AvKxKv Ki‡Z Pvq Avi wcZv-gvZvI ivwR _v‡K, Zvn‡j h‡_ó n‡e|
cybivq Ki‡Z n‡e bv|Ó675
Z‡e AbygwZ bv wb‡q AvKxKv Ki‡e bv| nv‡dh Be‡b nvRvi AvmKvjvbx ivn. e‡jb-
. ‫وﻻ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻠﺰﻣﻪ اﻟﻨﻔﻘﺔ إﻻ ﺑﺈذن ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﺰﻣﻪ‬
Ò†h mšÍv‡bi †`Lvïbv K‡i Zvi AbygwZ bv wb‡q Ab¨ †KD mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv Ki‡e bv|Ó676
bv|Ó676
hgR mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv KqwU cï Øviv Ki‡e?
AvKxKvi m¤úK© mšÍv‡bi mv‡_, ZvB hgR mšÍvb A_©vr GKB Mf© †_‡K GK mv‡_ GKvwaK
mšÍvb Rb¥MÖnY Ki‡j cÖ‡Z¨K mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ wfbœ wfbœ AvKxKv Ki‡e| GKvwaK wkïi c¶
†_‡K GKwU eKwi R‡en Ki‡j Kv‡iv AvKxKv Av`vq n‡e bv| nv‡dR Be‡b nvRvi
AvmKvjvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ‬:‫ ذﻛﺮﻩ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻠﻴﺚ وﻗﺎل‬.‫ اﺳﺘﺤﺐ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪ ﻋﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬،‫ﻓﻠﻮ وﻟﺪ اﺛﻨﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺑﻄﻦ واﺣﺪ‬
.‫ﻋﻦ أﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﺧﻼﻓﻪ‬
ÒBgvg Beby Avwãj evi ivn. jvBQ ivn. Gi DׄwZ‡Z D‡jøL K‡ib, hw` GKB Mf© †_‡K
`yÕwU mšÍvb Rb¥MÖnY K‡i Zvn‡j cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Rb¨ c„_K c„_K AvKxKv Kiv gy¯Ívnve| G
K_vi wecwiZ †KD e‡j‡Qb e‡j Avgvi Rvbv †bB|Ó677
wnRov mšÍv‡bi AvKxKv KqwU cï w`‡q Ki‡e?
Dfwj½ (A_©vr hvi cyiælZ¡ I bvix‡Z¡i wb`k©b i‡q‡Q wKš‘ DfqB Am¤ú~Y©) hvi g‡a¨
cyiæ‡li w`KwU cÖej Zvi Rb¨ `yÕwU Ges hvi g‡a¨ bvixi w`KwU cÖej Zvi Rb¨ GKwU
eKwi R‡en Kiv gy¯Ívnve| Avi LybQv‡q gykwKjv Z_v hvi g‡a¨ cyiæl wKsev bvix †KvbwUB
bq, Zvi Rb¨ `yÕwU eKix R‡en Kiv DËg| Z‡e GKwU Øviv Ki‡jI AvKxKv Av`vq n‡q
hv‡e| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ واﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎط ﺛﻨﺘﺎن‬،‫وﻋﻦ اﻟﺨﻨﺜﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻞ واﺣﺪة‬
ÒLybQv gykwK‡ji Rb¨ GKwU eKwi R‡en Ki‡e| Z‡e mZK©Zv n‡jv, `yÕwU eKwi R‡en
Kiv|Ó678
AvKxKvi Dfq QvM‡ji eqm
†Q‡j n‡j `yÕwU QvMj AvKxKv Kiv gy¯Ívnve| Dfq QvM‡ji eqm mgvb nIqv Riæix bq|
Z‡e eq‡m mgch©v‡qi nIqv DËg|
nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-

675 dvZvIqv‡q inxwgq¨v: 10/62, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

676 `ªóªe¨, dvZûj evix: 9/743, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb; Avj gvDm~ÔAvZzj wdKwnq¨vn: 30/278,
Kz‡qZ
677 dvZûj evix: 9/739, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
678 ZvbKxûj dvZvIqvj nvwgw`q¨v: 2/369, K`xgx KzZzeLvbv
 AvKxKv: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 333
.‫ وﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﺷﺎة‬،‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
أﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻐﻼم ﺷﺎﺗﺎن ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺌﺘﺎن‬
Òivm~j Zv‡`i‡K †Q‡j mšÍv‡bi c¶ †_‡K mgeqmx `yÕwU QvMj Avi †g‡q mšÍv‡bi
c¶ †_‡K GKwU QvMj AvKxKv wn‡m‡e R‡en Kivi Av‡`k w`‡q‡Qb|Ó679
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
. ‫ اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬. ‫وﻳﺴﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺷﺎﺗﺎن ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺘﺎن‬
Ò‡Q‡ji c¶ †_‡K mgeqmx `yÕwU QvMj R‡en Kiv DËg|Ó680
AvKxKvi cï †Kgb n‡e
Kzievbxi Rš‘i g‡a¨ †h mKj kZ© Riæix, AvKxKvi Rš‘i †¶‡ÎI †m¸‡jv Riæix| A_©vr
†h Rš‘ w`‡q Kzievbx Rv‡qh Zv w`‡q AvKxKv Kiv Rv‡qh| Avi †h Rš‘ w`‡q Kzievbx Kiv
Rv‡qh †bB Zv w`‡q AvKxKv KivI Rv‡qh †bB|
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻫﻲ ﺷﺎة ﺗﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻸﺿﺤﻴﺔ ﺗﺬﺑﺢ ﻟﻠﺬﻛﺮ واﻷﻧﺜﻰ‬
Ò‡h eKwi Øviv Kzievbx mnxn Zv w`‡q AvKxKv Ki‡e, †Q‡j †nvK ev †g‡q|Ó681
¯^Zš¿fv‡e eo cï w`‡q AvKxKv Kivi ûKzg
eo cï Z_v DU, Miæ, gwnl BZ¨vw` w`‡q AvKxKv Kiv Rv‡qh| †Kbbv nv`x‡m AvKxKv
†evSv‡bvi Rb¨ ÔbymyKÕ kã e¨envi n‡q‡Q| d‡j k‡ãi e¨vcKZvq DU, Miæmn Kzievbxi
Dchy³ †h †Kvb cÖvYx AšÍf©y³| Avjøvgv hdi Avng` _vbfx ivn. e‡jb-
...‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود واﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ‬. «‫وأﻳﻀﺎ ﻓﻘﻮل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
»ﻣﻦ وﻟﺪ ﻟﻪ وﻟﺪ ﻓﺄﺣﺐ أن ﻳﻨﺴﻚ ﻋﻦ وﻟﺪﻩ ﻓﻠﻴﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫ ﻻ‬:‫ وﻓﻴﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻟﻘﻮل اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮر‬.‫ وﻫﻮ ﻳﻌﻢ اﻹﺑﻞ واﻟﺒﻘﺮ واﻟﻐﻨﻢ إﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎ‬،‫وﻓﻴﻪ أﻧﻪ
ﺳﻤﺎﻩ ﻧﺴﻴﻜﺔ وﻧﺴﻜﺎ‬
‫اﻫـ‬...‫ﻳﺠﺰئ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﻘﺔ إﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﺰئ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺿﺤﻴﺔ‬
Òivm~j Gi evYx, ÔKv‡iv mšÍvb n‡j, †m mšÍv‡bi ÔbymyKÕ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx n‡j Ki‡Z
cv‡i|Õ DwjøwLZ nv`x‡m ivm~j AvKxKv‡K bvmxKv I bymyK k‡ã e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| Avi
bymyK mK‡ji HK¨g‡Z DU, Miæ I QvMj‡K kvwgj K‡i| D³ nv`x‡m Rygû‡ii G K_viI
cÖgvY i‡q‡Q, Kzievbxi cïi †h mKj kZ© i‡q‡Q AvKxKvi cïi †¶‡ÎI †m mKj kZ©
Avek¨K|Ó682
A‡bK mvnvex †_‡K DU w`‡q AvKxKv Kivi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq| nv‡dh Zvevivbx ivn.
KvZv`v ivn. m~‡Î eY©bv K‡ib-
683.‫أن أﻧﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻌﻖ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻨﻴﻪ اﻟﺠﺰور‬

ÒAvbvm ivwh. wbR mšÍvb‡`i AvKxKv DU w`‡q Ki‡Zb|Ó684

679 Rv‡g wZiwghx: nv`xm bs 1595; Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K mnxn e‡j‡Qb|
680 ZvbKxûj dvZvIqvj nvwgw`q¨v: 2/369, K`xgx KzZzeLvbv, AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
681 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 9/485, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
682 BÔjvDm mybvb: 17/116, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨v, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

. ‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ« ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ« وﻗﺎل‬683
684 gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q`: 9/109, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
334 `imyj wdK&n
DU, Miæ w`‡q Rv‡qh n‡jI DËg n‡jv, nv`x‡mi eY©bv Abyhvqx QvMj w`‡q AvKxKv Kiv|
†hgb Avgiv D‡¤§ Kzi‡hi nv`x‡m Av‡qkv ivwh. Gi K_v D‡jøL K‡i G‡mwQ| Z‡e GLv‡b
G K_v ejvi my‡hvM †bB †h, QvMj Qvov AvKxKv n‡eB bv| KviY Av‡qkv ivwh. DU Øviv
AvKxKv‡K A¯^xKvi K‡ibwb| Z‡e AbyËg e‡j‡Qb, hv nv`x‡mi kã †_‡K Aby‡gq|
Ggwbfv‡e D³ nv`x‡mi Dci wfwË K‡i AvKxKvi welqwU QvM‡ji gv‡S mxgve× ejviI
my‡hvM †bB| KviY G‡Z Ab¨vb¨ nv`x‡mi ewY©Z ÔbymyKÕ k‡ãi e¨vcKZv‡K `jxj QvovB
†Q‡o †`qv n‡e, hv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|
GKB cï‡Z Kzievbx I AvKxKv
Kzievbxi GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv Bev`Z I Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi ˆbKU¨ AR©b| Abyiƒc
AvKxKvi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv mšÍvb R‡b¥i ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc Bev`Z I Avjøvni ˆbKU¨ AR©b| Avi
wfbœ wfbœ Bev`‡Zi wbq‡Z eo cï‡Z GKvwaK e¨w³ kixK n‡Z cv‡i| myZivs Kzievbxi
eo cï‡Z AvKxKvi Ask †bqv hv‡e| G‡Z Kzievbx I AvKxKv `yÕwUB mnxn n‡e| Bgvg
AvjvDÏxb Kvmvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ إن‬...‫ ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ واﺟﺒﺔ أو ﺗﻄﻮﻋﺎ‬،‫وﻟﻮ أرادوا اﻟﻘﺮﺑﺔ اﻷﺿﺤﻴﺔ أو ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮب أﺟﺰأﻫﻢ‬
‫ ﻷن ذﻟﻚ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺮب إﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ أﻧﻌﻢ‬،‫أراد ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻦ وﻟﺪ وﻟﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﻟﺪ‬
Òhw` Askx`viiv eo cï‡Z Kzievbx ev Ab¨ †Kvb Bev`‡Zi wbqZ K‡i, Zvn‡j mK‡ji
Bev`Z n‡q hv‡e| Bev`ZwU IqvwRe †nvK ev bdj| Abyiƒc †KD hw` wbR mšÍv‡bi
AvKxKvi wbqZ K‡i ZeyI Zv mnxn n‡e| †Kbbv AvKxKvI mšÍvb R‡b¥i ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc
Avjøvni mš‘wó AR©‡bi Rb¨ Kiv nq|Ó685
GQvovI AvKxKvi Rb¨ ÔbymyKÕ kã e¨envi nIqvq Kzievbxi weavb GLv‡bI cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
`viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix 08 iRe 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

685 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 6/291, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi

 AvKxKv: wKQz mgm¨v I mgvavb 335

Aa¨vq: wmqvi I
wmqvmvZ
336

Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi iƒc‡iLv

gvIjvbv Lvb gynv¤§` gvneyeyj nK
ivRbxwZ Bmjv‡g †Kvb bZzb welq bq| †Kbbv ivRbxwZ n‡jv ivóª cwiPvjbvi bxwZ|
Avi gymjgvbMY ivóª cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb nvRvi eQ‡ii †ewk mgq| myZivs ivRbxwZ
m¤ú‡K© Bmjvgx wb‡`©kbv gymjgvb‡`i Kv‡Q w`ev‡jv‡Ki b¨vq my¯úó _vKvi K_v| wKš‘
eZ©gv‡b ivRbxwZ m¤ú‡K© eû bI gymjgvb weåvwšÍi wkKvi| ZvB Bmjv‡gi ivR‰bwZK
wb‡`©kbv m¤ú‡K© mwVK aviYv jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ e¶¨gvY cÖe‡Ü Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi
iƒc‡iLv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e|
†LjvdZ cÖwZôvi Rb¨B g~jZ Bmjv‡g ivRbxwZ wewae× n‡q‡Q| ZvB cÖ_‡g †LjvdZ
m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv n‡e| Gici ivRbxwZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv n‡e Bb&kvAvjøvn|
†LjvdZ ev Bmjvgx iv‡óªi cwiPq
cÖL¨vZ Bmjvgx ivóª weÁvbx Avjøvgv Aveyj nvmvb gvIqv`©x ivn. †LjvdZ ev Bgvg‡Zi
msÁv w`‡q‡Qb Gfv‡e-
.‫ وﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬،‫اﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺔ ﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ اﻟﻨﺒﻮة ﻓﻲ ﺣﺮاﺳﺔ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
ÒØxb msi¶Y I ivóª cwiPvjbvi †¶‡Î bexRx Gi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Kiv nj BgvgZ
ev †LjvdZ|Ó686

Avi kvn IqvwjDjøvn gynvwχm †`njfx ivn. †Ljvd‡Zi cwiPq Gfv‡e D‡jøL
K‡i‡Qb-
‫ واﻟﻘﻴﺎم‬،‫ وإﻗﺎﻣﺔ أرﻛﺎن اﻹﺳﻼم‬،‫اﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ ﻫﻲ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﺪي ﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺈﺣﻴﺎء ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ وإﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬،‫ واﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻀﺎء‬،‫ وإﻋﻄﺎءﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻲء‬،‫ واﻟﻔﺮض ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺗﻠﺔ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻬﺎد وﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﺠﻴﻮش‬
.
‫ واﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف واﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬،‫ ورﻓﻊ اﻟﻤﻈﺎﻟﻢ‬،‫اﻟﺤﺪود‬
Ò‡LjvdZ n‡jv, Avjøvni `xb cÖwZôvi D‡Ï‡k¨ bex Gi cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e c~Y©
g‡bvwb‡ek mnKv‡i mvaviY gvby‡li †bZ…Z¡ `vb Kiv| (Avi Øx‡bi c~Y©v½ cªwZôvi
welqwU m¤¢e n‡e) Øxb Bmjv‡gi c~Y© cªmvi, Bmjvgx wewa-weav‡bi c~Y©v½ ev¯Íevqb,
kvwšÍ cÖwZôvi j‡ÿ¨ Dchy³ cÖ‡Póv Ges Zrmswkøó welq msµvšÍ `vwqZ¡ cvjb| †hgb,
Øxb I ivóª iÿvi Rb¨ ˆmb¨ evwnbx web¨¯Í Kiv, ˆmb¨‡`i Rb¨ fvZv wbav©iY Kiv Ges
Zv‡`i‡K gv‡j dvB †_‡K cÖ`vb Kiv, wePvi e¨e¯’v cÖwZôv Kiv I Zvi gva¨‡g kixÔAvZ
wba©vwiZ kvw¯Í Kvh©Ki Kiv, Ab¨vq I Ryjyg cÖwZnZ Kiv Ges b¨v‡qi wb‡`©k `vb I

686 Avj AvnKvgym myjZvwbqv: 15, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi

 Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi iƒc‡iLv 337
Ab¨vq †_‡K evi‡Yi gva¨‡g|687
kvn IqvwjDjøvn ivn. Gi msÁvq ivóªxq `vq-`vwq‡Z¡i K_vI D‡jøL n‡q‡Q|
AvaywbK iv‡óªi msÁvi mv‡_ kvn IqvwjDjøvn ivn. Gi msÁv mgwš^Z K‡i †LjvdZ
ev Bmjvgx iv‡óªi msÁv Gfv‡e †`q hvq:
Ò‡LjvdZ ev Bmjvgx ivóª n‡jv, HkxcÖwZwbwaZ¡ g~jK Ggb GK MYcÖwZôvb, hv GKwU
wbw`©ó f‚LÐ Ry‡o we¯ÍZ
… I ewntkw³i cÖfve †_‡K gy³ †_‡K D³ f‚L‡Ð emevmKvix
RbMY‡K Hkx weav‡bi Av‡jv‡K cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡fvi MÖnY K‡i|688
†Ljvd‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
Bmjv‡g †Ljvd‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| G Kvi‡Y bexRx Gi B‡šÍKv‡ji ci
Kvdb-`vd‡bi c~‡e©B †Ljvd‡Zi mgvavb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖ_‡g Ljxdv wbe©vwPZ n‡q‡Q|
Gici Ljxdvi Aax‡b Kvdb-`vdb m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn.
e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﻠﺬا ﻗﺪﻣﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ دﻓﻦ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﻤﻌﺠﺰات‬،‫وﻧﺼﺒﻪ أﻫﻢ اﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺎت‬
ÒLjxdv wb‡qvM †`qv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© IqvwRe| ZvB bexRx Gi `vd‡bi c~‡e©
Ljxdv wb‡qvM‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv n‡q‡Q|Ó689
Avjøvgv Aveyj nvmvb gvIqv`©x ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﺳﻘﻂ ﻓﺮﺿﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻗﺎم ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ‬،‫ وﻃﻠﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫ ﻛﺎﻟﺠﻬﺎد‬،‫وﺟﻮب اﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻔﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ‬
ÒLjxdv wb‡qvM †`qv di‡h wKdvqv, wRnv` Ges Bjg wkÿvi b¨vq| hLb KZ…©Z¡m¤úbœ
e¨w³MY Ljxdv wbe©vPb Ki‡eb, ZLb mK‡jB `vwqZ¡ †_‡K gy³ n‡q hv‡e|Ó690
Bmjv‡gi eû weavb Ggb i‡q‡Q, hv †Ljvd‡Zi mv‡_ mswkøó| †LjvdZ mwVK I
gReyZ wfwËi Dci cÖwZwôZ bv _vK‡j †m weavb¸‡jvi ev¯Íevqb m¤¢e bq| †LjvdZ
mymsnZ I cÖwZwôZ _vK‡Z n‡j GKRb Ljxdv ev ivóªcÖav‡bi cÖ‡qvRb| Ljxdvi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© Avjøvgv mvÔAv`yÏxb ZvdZvhvbx ivn. e‡jb-
،‫ وﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺟﻴﻮﺷﻬﻢ‬،‫ وﺳﺪ ﺛﻐﻮرﻫﻢ‬،‫ وإﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﺪودﻫﻢ‬،‫ ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ أﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﻢ‬،‫واﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮن ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ إﻣﺎم‬
‫ وﻗﻄﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﺎزﻋﺎت‬،‫ وإﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻊ واﻷﻋﻴﺎد‬،‫ واﻟﻤﺘﻠﺼﺼﺔ وﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬،‫ وﻗﻬﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻐﻠﺒﺔ‬،‫وأﺧﺬ ﺻﺪﻗﺎﺗﻬﻢ‬
،‫ وﺗﺰوﻳﺞ اﻟﺼﻐﺎر واﻟﺼﻐﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻻ أوﻟﻴﺎءﻟﻬﻢ‬،‫ وﻗﺒﻮل اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﻘﻮق‬،‫اﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻌﺒﺎد‬

687 BhvjvZzj Lvdv Avb wLjvdvwZj Lyjvdv: 1/13, K`xgx KzZzeLvbv, AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
688 AvaywbK ivóªweÁvb I Bmjvg: 261, wek¦Kj¨vY cvewj‡KkÝ, evsjvevRvi, XvKv
689 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/333, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
690 Avj AvnKvgym myjZvwbqv: 17, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
338 `imyj wdK&n
.‫وﻗﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻨﺎﺋﻢ وﻧﺤﻮ ذﻟﻚ‬
Ògymjgvb‡`i GKRb Bgvg ev Ljxdv _vKv Riæix| hvi KvR n‡e Rbmvavi‡Yi Dci
kiÔqx AvnKvg Rvwi Kiv| n` ev `Ðwewa cÖ‡qvM Kiv| iv‡óªi mxgvšÍ i¶v Kiv|
wRnv‡`i Rb¨ evwnbx cÖ¯Z
‘ Kiv| hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv| we‡`ªvnx, †Pvi I WvKvZ‡`i `gb
Kiv| RygÔAv I `yB C‡`i bvgvh Kv‡qg Kiv| RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ SMov-weev` wgUv‡bv|
gvby‡li nK Av`v‡qi Rb¨ mv¶¨ MÖnY Kiv| GwZg I Amnvq mšÍvb‡`i weev‡ni e¨e¯’v
Kiv| MbxgZ ev hy×jä m¤ú` eÈb Kiv BZ¨vw` (GmeB Bmjvgx ivóª I Ljxdvi
`vwq‡Z¡i AvIZvfy³|Ó691
Ljxdv wbe©vPb Kiv nq g~jZ †LjvdZ cÖwZwôZ I mymsnZ ivLvi Rb¨| AZGe Ljxdv
wb‡qv‡Mi †h ûKzg †LjvdZ cÖwZôvi ûKzgI ZvB| myZivs †LjvdZ cÖwZôv di‡h
wKdvqv, Ljxdv wb‡qvM †`qv di‡h wKdvqv| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫)وﻧﺼﺒﻪ( أي اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻘﺎم ﻗﻮﻟﻪ )أﻫﻢ اﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺎت( أي ﻣﻦ أﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺎت‬
.‫اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
ÒBgvg (ivóªcÖavb) wbe©vPb Kiv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© IqvwRe| †Kbbv kixÔAv‡Zi A‡bK
¸iæZ¡c~Y© weavb Bgvg wbe©vP‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj|Ó692
†LjvdZ m¤ú‡K© wKQz aviYv jvf Kivi ci ivRbxwZi cwiPq, weavb I c×wZ m¤ú‡K©
Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
ivRbxwZi msÁv
ivRbxwZi AvwfavwbK A_© n‡jv ivóª cwiPvjbv msµvšÍ bxwZ| Aek¨ A‡b‡KB ivRvi
bxwZ †_‡K ivRbxwZ k‡ãi DrcwË e‡j gZvgZ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| A_©vr ivóª cwiPvjbv
m¤ú‡K© ivRvi bxwZ Kxiƒc nIqv DwPr †m m¤úKx©q gZvgZ‡K ivRbxwZ e‡j|
ivRbxwZi Aviex cÖwZkã n‡jv wmqvmvZ (‫ |)ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ‬wmqvmvZ k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_©
n‡jv RvwZ‡K cwiPvjbv Kiv I Zv‡`i †bZ…Z¡ †`qv| Awfavbwe`iv wmqvmv‡Zi msÁv
w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Qb-
.‫ﻫﻲ ﻓﻦ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ وإدارة أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ واﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ‬
ÒwmqvmvZ ev ivRbxwZ n‡jv ivóª cwiPvjbv msµvšÍ GKwU welq| Avf¨šÍixY I ewnwe©k¦
msµvšÍ ivóªxq KvRKg© wbqš¿Y I cwiPvjbv Kiv‡K wmqvmvZ ev ivRbxwZ e‡j|Ó693
kv‡qL Avng` gy¯Ídv wmqvmv‡Zi cvwifvwlK msÁv w`‡q‡Qb Gfv‡e-

691 ki‡n AvKvB`: 142-143 gvKZvev‡q hgxwiqv, PÆMÖvg; dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/280, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
692 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/278-280, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
693 Avj gybwR` wdj jyMvn: 362, gvÏvn (‫)ﺳﻮس‬, BbwZkviv‡Z Bmjvg, Bivb
 Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi iƒc‡iLv 339
‫ ﻣﻦ أﺣﻮال اﻟﺴﻼﻃﻴﻦ‬:‫ وأﺣﻮاﻟﻬﺎ‬،‫ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬،‫ واﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎت‬،‫وﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﻌﺮف ﻣﻨﻪ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺳﺎت‬
‫ وﻣﻦ ﻳﺠﺮي‬،‫ وزﻋﻤﺎء اﻷﻣﻮال ووﻛﻼء ﺑﻴﺖ اﻟﻤﺎل‬،‫ وأﻫﻞ اﻻﺣﺘﺴﺎب واﻟﻘﻀﺎة واﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء‬،‫واﻟﻤﻠﻮك واﻷﻣﺮاء‬
.‫ﻣﺠﺮاﻫﻢ‬
ÒwmqvmvZ ev ivRbxwZ ejv nq Ggb we`¨v‡K, hvi Øviv †bZ…Z¡, ivRbxwZ I mvgvwRK
Rxe‡bi cÖKvi‡f` I Ae¯’v Rvbv hvq| †hgb, ivRv-ev`kv, Avgxi-Dgviv, KvRx-
wePviK, Av‡jg-Ijvgv, ivóªxq †KvlvMvi I miKvix m¤ú‡`i i¶Yv‡e¶YKvix‡`i
Ae¯’v Rvbv|Ó694
Bmjv‡g ivRbxwZi Ae¯’vb
Bmjvg GKwU mvgwMÖK Rxebv`k©| e¨w³i AvwZ¥K DrKl© weavb, e¨w³MZ AvPvi-
AvPiY cwiï×KiY, ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡bi KvRKg© AvÄvg `vb, cvwievwiK, A_©‰bwZK,
mvgvwRK I ivóªxq Rxebmn AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q †h †Kvb mgm¨vi m‡e©vbœZ mgvavb
i‡q‡Q Bmjv‡g| †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb GiB Av‡jv‡K ivóª cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb| Aa©
c„w_exe¨vcx ivóªxq cwiwa cÖmvwiZ K‡i‡Qb| c„w_exi me©Kv‡ji me©‡kªô my›`i mvgvwRK
I ivR‰bwZK cwi‡ek Zv‡`i ØvivB m„wó n‡qwQj| m‡e©v”P A_©‰bwZK mg„w× I ¯^v”Q›`
ZvuivB c„w_ex‡K Dcnvi w`‡Z m¶g n‡qwQ‡jb| G GK HwZnvwmK cÖgvwYZ mZ¨|
wKš‘ Kv‡ji weeZ©‡b Bmjvgx †Ljvd‡Zi cZb, Bmjvg we‡Ølx kw³i DÌvb I
AccÖPv‡ii d‡j Bmjv‡g ivRbxwZi Ae¯’v‡bi e¨vcv‡i gvby‡li gv‡S bvbv ai‡bi fzj
aviYvi m„wó n‡q‡Q| Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi e¨vcv‡i mvaviYZ gvbyl wZb ai‡bi fz‡ji
wkKvi|
1. Bmjvg e¨w³ Rxe‡bi DrKl© mva‡bi Rb¨ G‡m‡Q, mgvRbxwZ, A_©bxwZ I
ivRbxwZi mv‡_ Gi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| (GUv ag©wbi‡c¶Zvev`x‡`i aviYv|) Avi GB
aviYvi Rb¥ n‡q‡Q ivóª I MxR©vi ؇›Øi d‡j|
GB fyj `„wófw½wU LyeB gvivZ¥K| †Kbbv, Kv‡iv wek¦vm hw` GgbB nq †h, mgvRbxwZ,
A_©bxwZ I ivRbxwZi mv‡_ Bmjv‡gi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB, Zvn‡j Zvi Cgv‡bi Dci
cÖPÐ AvNvZ Avmvi Avk¼v i‡q‡Q| KviY, G¸‡jvi mv‡_ Bmjv‡gi ïay m¤úK© Av‡Q
ZvB bq eis KziAv‡bi eû Avqv‡Z (mgvRbxwZ, A_©bxwZ I ivRbxwZ) m¤úwK©Z weavb
Av‡Q| myZivs Bmjv‡g ivRbxwZ †bB GB K_v wek¦vm Kiv gv‡b G m¤úwK©Z
AvqvZ¸‡jv‡K A¯^xKvi Kiv| myZivs Zvi Cgvb _vK‡e bv|
Avjøvgv gykv‡n` Avjx ivn. e‡jb, hviv e‡j, Bmjvg ïay bvgvh †ivhv I nR¡, hvKv‡Zi
bvg, Bmjv‡g ivRbxwZ ej‡Z wKQz †bB, G †kªYxi †jvK weåvšÍKvix| Avi hw` Zv‡`i
AvKx`v wek¦vm cÖKvk¨ e³e¨ Abyhvqx nq, Zvn‡j Zviv Kv‡di| gnvb Avjøvn G ai‡bi

694 wgdZvûm mvÔAv`vn Iqv wgmevûm wmqv`vn: 1/386, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
340 `imyj wdK&n
†jvK‡`i e¨vcv‡i Bikv` K‡ib-
 mlkjih
Ò‡Zvgiv wK wKZv‡ei wKQz Ask wek¦vm K‡iv Avi wKQz Ask A¯^xKvi K‡iv?Ó695
Ijvgv‡q †Kivg e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ Øx‡bi AKvU¨fv‡e cÖgvwYZ †Kvb welq‡K A¯^xKvi
K‡i wKsev kixÔAv‡Zi †Kvb welq‡K Zz”Q Ávb K‡i (hw`I Zv mybœZ nq) Zvn‡j †m
Kv‡di| †Kbbv Cgvb n‡”Q bexRx †h mKj welqmn †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb Zvi me
wKQz‡K mZ¨ e‡j †g‡b †bqv| Zvi cÖwZ mš‘ó _vKv| Zv‡Z AvZ¥mgc©Y Kiv Ges †mB
mv‡_ Zvi cÖwZ gnvZ¥‡eva I kª×v †cvlY Kiv|696
2. Bmjv‡gi mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Ði mv‡_ RwoZ bv n‡j, GKRb gymjgvb
gymjgvbB _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| †Kbbv ivRbxwZ I ivóª cÖwZôvB Bmjv‡gi Awfô j¶¨|
GB fzj aviYv m„wó n‡q‡Q, †mKzjvwiR‡gi ‡gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z wM‡q Bmjv‡gi mvgvwRK
I ivR‰bwZK w`KwUi Dci GKwU `‡ji AZ¨waK ¸iæZ¡v‡iv‡ci d‡j| ivóª cÖwZôv
Bmjv‡gi j¶¨ GK_v e‡jB Zviv ¶všÍ nqwb; eis Av‡M †e‡o Zviv e‡j, gvbe m„wói
j¶¨B n‡jv ivRbxwZ I ivóªcÖwZôv| Ab¨vb¨ Bev`Z n‡jv ivóª cªwZôvi gva¨g|
G `„wófw½I fyj| Bmjv‡gi g~j j¶¨ ûKzgZ cÖwZôv bq, eis g~j j¶¨ n‡jv Avjøvni
Bev`Z Kiv| Avi ûKzgZ Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ mnvqK| †hgb KziAv‡b Kvix‡g Bikv`
n‡q‡Q-

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ÒGme †jvK n‡”Q Zviv hv‡`i‡K Avwg f~c„‡ô ¶gZv w`‡j bvgvh Kv‡qg Ki‡e, hvKvZ
Av`vq Ki‡e Ges mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k w`‡e I AmrKvR †_‡K wb‡la Ki‡e| mg¯Í
wel‡qi cwiYvg Avjøvni nv‡Z|Ó697
Avi gvbe m„wói j¶¨I Avjøvni Bev`Z| †hgb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb-
 ihgfedc
ÒAvwg wRb I gvbyl‡K m„wó K‡iwQ ïay Avgvi Bev`‡Zi Rb¨|Ó698
3. Bmjv‡gi ivR‰bwZK gZev` †m‡K‡j| eZ©gvb hy‡M Zv APj| GB fzj aviYvi m„wó

695 m~iv evKviv: 85

696 dvZûj Kvixg dx wmqvmvwZb bvwewq¨j Avgxb: 7, Avngw`qv jvB‡eªix, wm‡jU
697 m~iv nR¡: 41
698 m~iv hvwiqvZ: 56
 Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi iƒc‡iLv 341
n‡q‡Q cvðv‡Z¨i Av`k©‡Nulv wKQz wKQz gymjgv‡bi Kvi‡Y| Zviv BD‡ivwcqvb Av`k©
¸iæ‡`i wk¶vi e‡`Šj‡Z Giƒc GKwU a¨vb-aviYvi wkKvi nq †h, Bmjv‡g GKwU
ivR‰bwZK gZev` _vK‡jI Zv †m‡K‡j| AvaywbK hy‡Mi µgea©gvb mvgvwRK I
ivR‰bwZK †cÖ¶vc‡Ui mv‡_ Zvj wgwj‡q G¸evi gZ ch©vß Dcv`v‡b mg„× bq|
G `„wófw½ Cgvb cwicš’x| †Kbbv, Zv‡`i G e³e¨, ÔBmjv‡gi ivR‰bwZK gZev`
†m‡K‡j, eZ©gvb hy‡M Zv APj|Õ G K_vi A_© n‡jv, ivRbxwZ m¤ú‡K© Bmjv‡gi weavb
c~Y©v½ bq| A_P Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv ¯úófvlvq †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb-
 vutsrqponmlk
ÒAvR Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i Øxb‡K c~Y© K‡i w`jvg| †Zvgv‡`i Dci Avgvi
†bqvgZ‡K c~Y©Zv `vb Kijvg| Avi Bmjvg‡K †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ ag© wn‡m‡e g‡bvbxZ
Kijvg|Ó699
Bmjv‡gi ivR‰bwZK `k©b m¤ú‡K© G wZb ai‡bi aviYvB cÖvwšÍK, AÁZvcÖm~Z I
weåvwšÍKi| Gi †KvbwU‡ZB ev¯Íe Ae¯’vi wPÎvqb †bB|
cÖKZ
… mZ¨ n‡jv, Bmjvg GKwU mvgwMÖK Rxeb e¨e¯’v| GLv‡b gvby‡li wek¦vm I
Cgv‡bi cwiïw×i w`K wb‡`k©bv †hgb i‡q‡Q, †Zgwb Bev`Z e‡›`Mxi gva¨‡g Avjøvni
ˆbKU¨ jv‡fi wb‡`©kbvI i‡q‡Q| Avevi gvby‡li ˆbwZK I Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxe‡bi DrKl©
mva‡bi cš’vI wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q| e¨w³Rxe‡bi cvkvcvwk, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK,
ivR‰bwZK GgbwK AvšÍR©vwZK Rxe‡bi c~Y©v½ c_ wb‡`©kbvI G‡Z i‡q‡Q| GB
mvgwMÖKZvi DciB cÖwZwôZ Bmjv‡gi c~Y©v½ cÖvmv`|
ivRbxwZ Kivi weavb
Bmjvgx †LjvdZ cÖwZôv †hgb di‡h wKdvqv, †Zgwb Bmjvgx †LjvdZ cÖwZôvi
D‡Ï‡k¨ ivRbxwZ Kiv n‡j, †miƒc ivRbxwZ KivI n‡e di‡h wKdvqv| AšÍZ wKQz
†jvK G `vwqZ¡ cvjb bv Ki‡j mK‡jB `vqx _vK‡eb| Z‡e ivRbxwZ Ki‡Z wM‡q
wb‡Ri Øxb I Cgvb euvPv‡bv m¤¢e bv n‡j, †miƒc ivRbxwZ †_‡K weiZ _vKvB Riæix|
†Kbbv ivRbxwZ g~j D‡Ïk¨ bq, g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv, Cgvb I Avgj|
Av‡jg bb Giƒc †jvK‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jvi †bZ…e„‡›`i KZ©e¨
n‡jv, Ijvgv‡q †Kivg †_‡K wb‡`©kbv I civgk© MÖnY K‡i `jxq Kg©KvÐ cwiPvjbv
Kiv Ges Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv Zv‡`i ivnbygvqx Kiv| Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ †bZ…e„›`
hw` Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi ivnbygvqx‡Z cwiPvwjZ bv nb, †miƒc †¶‡Î mnxn ivRbxwZ
Kivi Rb¨ ev-wn¤§Z (mvnmx) Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Z n‡e|700

699 m~iv gv‡q`v: 3

700 nvKxgyj D¤§Z _vbfx Kx wmqvmx AvdKvi: AvnKv‡g wh‡›`Mx m~‡Î: 568
342 `imyj wdK&n
†h me ivR‰bwZK `j Bmjvgx †LjvdZ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ bq eis ¶gZvi †gv‡n ev cvw_©e
†Kvb ¯^v‡_© wKsev Kzdzi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ cwiPvwjZ nq, Zv‡Z †hvM`vb Kiv ev Zv‡`i
mn‡hvwMZv Kiv Rv‡qh bq|701
eZ©gvb hy‡M †LjvdZ cÖwZôvi c×wZ
eZ©gv‡b c„w_exi eû Agymwjg †`‡ki b¨vq eû gymwjg †`‡kI MYZvwš¿K c×wZ‡Z
ivRbxwZ I ivóª cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| MYZš¿ †gŠwjKfv‡e GKwU Kzdix gZev`|702
MYZ‡š¿ RbMY‡K mKj ¶gZvi Drm g‡b Kiv nq| Avi Bmjvgx AvKx`v n‡jv, mKj
¶gZvi GKgvÎ gvwjK Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv| †hgb KziAv‡b Kvix‡g Bikv` n‡q‡Q-

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Òejyb, †n mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi gvwjK Avjøvn! Avcwb hv‡K B”Qv ¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡ib Ges
hvi wbKU †_‡K B”Qv ¶gZv †K‡o †bb; hv‡K B”Qv B¾Z `vb K‡ib Avi hv‡K B”Qv
nxb K‡ib| Kj¨vY Avcbvi nv‡ZB| wbðB Avcwb mKj wel‡q me©kw³gvb|Ó703
cÖPwjZ MYZ‡š¿ RbMY KZ…©K wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i‡K me©cK Ö vi AvBb ev weav‡bi
A_wiwU e‡j ¯^xKvi Kiv nq| G avivwUI AvKx`v cwicš’x| †Kbbv, Bmjvgx AvKx`v
g‡Z, weavb †`qvi ¶gZv GKgvÎ Avjøvni| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
   |{ z y  x
ÒAvjøvn Qvov Kv‡iv weavb †`qvi ÿgZv †bB|Ó704
Ab¨Î Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` digvb-
 }|{zyxwvut
ÒAvjøvn hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb †m Abymv‡i hviv weavb †`q bv ZvivB Kvwdi|Ó705
GZ¶‡Yi Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvijvg †h, ‡gŠwjKfv‡e MYZš¿ GKwU Kzdix
gZev`| G gZev` Abymv‡iB Avgv‡`i †`k cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q, hv †Kvb gymjgvbB †g‡b
wb‡Z cv‡ibv| myZivs Gi Aemvb NUv‡Z n‡e Ges Bmjvgx ûKzgZ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e|
†Kbbv Bmjvgx †LjvdZ cÖwZôv Kiv di‡h wKdvqv| wKšÍ cÖkœ n‡jv, MYZ‡š¿i Aemvb

701 AvnKv‡g wh‡›`Mx: 568, gvKZvevZzj Aveivi, evsjvevRvi, XvKv

702 eZ©gv‡b A‡bK †`‡kB MYZwš¿K c×wZ Kvh©Ki| Z‡e mevB wbw`©ó GK A‡_© MYZ‡š¿ wek¦vmx bq| ZvB e¨cKfv‡e
MYZš¿ gZv`k©x‡`i Dci kiC ûKzg Av‡iv‡ci ‡ÿ‡Î mZK©Zv evÂbxq|
703 m~iv Avj Bgivb: 26
704 m~iv BDmyd: 40
705 m~iv gvwq`v: 44
 Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi iƒc‡iLv 343
Kxfv‡e NUv‡bv n‡e? Avi †Kvb c×wZ‡Z †LjvdZ cÖwZôv Kiv n‡e?
†LjvdZ cÖwZôvi †gnbZ wewfbœfv‡e n‡Z cv‡i| h_v:
1. wbw`©ó f~L‡Ði mKj RbM‡Yi ¯^Ztù~Z© D‡`¨v‡M †LjvdZ cÖwZôv Kiv| †hgb,
g`xbvq ivm~j mK‡ji mš‘wówP‡Ë Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb|706
2. kiÔqx wRnv‡`i gva¨‡g †LjvdZ cÖwZôv Kiv| †hgb ivm~jyjøvn wRnv‡`i
gva¨‡g g°vq Bmjvgx ûKzgZ cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb| 707

3. miKvi cÖavb‡K AcmviY K‡i Ljxdv wb‡qvM †`qv| Avi GUv ZLbB ˆea n‡e
hLb eZ©gvb miKvicÖavb †_‡K my¯úó Kzdix cvIqv hv‡e| †hgb nhiZ Dev`v Be‡b
mv‡gZ ivwh. e‡jb, Avgiv ivm~jyjøvn Gi Kv‡Q †h evBÔAvZ wb‡qwQjvg Zvi g‡a¨
wQ‡jv-
‫ وأن ﻻ ﻧﻨﺎزع اﻷﻣﺮ أﻫﻠﻪ إﻻ أن‬،‫ﺑﺎﻳﻌﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴﻤﻊ واﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺸﻄﻨﺎ وﻣﻜﺮﻫﻨﺎ وﻋﺴﺮﻧﺎ وﻳﺴﺮﻧﺎ وأﺛﺮة ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬
.‫ﺗﺮوا ﻛﻔﺮا ﺑﻮاﺣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﺮﻫﺎن‬
ÒAvgiv †hb Dcw¯’Z miKv‡ii AvBb ïb‡Z _vwK I gvb‡Z _vwK| cQ‡›`i cwi‡e‡k
_vwK A_ev AcQ‡›`i cwi‡e‡k, msK‡U _vwK ev mv”Q‡›`, Ges Avgv‡`i Dci
Ab¨‡`i‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv †nvK| Avgiv †hb ÿgZvkxj‡`i mv‡_ ÿgZv wb‡q Ø›Ø bv
Kwi| Z‡e †Zvgiv hw` Ggb mivmwi Kzdzi †`L‡Z cvI, hvi m¤ú‡K© †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q
Avjøvni cÿ †_‡K ¯úó cÖgvY Av‡Q, Zvn‡j wfbœ K_v|Ó708
ivóªcÖavb hw` †jvKRb‡K ¸bvn Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ †KŠkj MÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb Avi Gi
KviY hw` GB nq †h, wZwb A‰bmjvwgK AvBb¸‡jv‡K kixÔAv‡Zi †gvKv‡ejvq DËg
g‡b K‡ib Ges Bmjvwg AvBb‡K cÖK…Z A‡_©B Abyc‡hvMx g‡b K‡ib, Zvn‡j GUv
†LvjvLywj Kzdi (myZivs ¯úó Kzdz‡ii †ÿ‡Î †hgb miKvi Acmvi‡Yi Av‡›`vjb ˆea
G‡ÿ‡ÎI Zv ˆea n‡e|)
†Kv_vI miKvi Acmvi‡Yi Av‡›`vjb Rv‡qh n‡Z n‡j `yÕwU kZ© Riæix, G K_vi Dci
mg¯Í dKxn GKgZ| GK. kw³ cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g miKvi‡K Acmvi‡Yi ÿgZv _vKv|
`yB. Zv‡K Acmvi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î Zvi †P‡q eo †dZbvi Avk¼v bv _vKv|709
3. wbqgZvwš¿Kfv‡e ivR‰bwZK `j MVb Kiv Ges wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY K‡i wewa
†gvZv‡eK ÿgZv MÖnY Kiv| Z‡e kZ© n‡jv, Bmjvg mgw_©Z ivRbxwZ n‡Z n‡e|
Bmjv‡gi bv‡g A‰bmjvwgK ivRbxwZ n‡Z cvi‡e bv| Gici cÖ‡qvRbxq ms¯‹v‡ii
gva¨‡g c~Y© Bmjvgx †LjvdZ Kv‡qg Kiv| †hgb nvKxgyj D¤§Z Avkivd Avjx _vbfx

706 Avj we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqv: 3/272-276, `viæ BnBqvwqZ ZzivwQj Avivex ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
707 mnxn eyLvix: 2/612; Avj we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqv: 4/317, `viæ BnBqvwqZ ZzivwQj Avivex ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
708 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 7056
709 Bmjvg AvIi wmqvmx bhwiqvZ: 367, KzZzeLvbv bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`
 344 `imyj wdK&n
ivn. e‡jb, Ôhw` ivóª kixÔAvZ †gvZv‡eK bv P‡j Zvn‡j Ijvgv‡q †Kivg †`‡ki
kvmK‡kªYx‡K kixÔAvZ †gvZv‡eK Pjvi civgk© w`‡eb, Zviv hw` civgk© †g‡b
kixÔAvZ †gvZv‡eK ivóª cwiPvjbv K‡i, Zvn‡j †Zv fvj, Ab¨_vq ev-wn¤§Z Ijvgv‡q
†Kivg‡K mwVK ivRbxwZ Kivi Rb¨ bvg‡Z n‡e|710
eZ©gv‡b miKvi cÖavb wbe©vwPZ nq msL¨vMwi‡ôi †fvU ev gZvg‡Zi gva¨‡g|
kixÔAv‡Z msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvg‡Zi Ae¯’vb Kx Zv Avgv‡`i Rvbv `iKvi| MYZ‡š¿
msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvgZB nK-evwZ‡ji gvb`Ð| GKvi‡Y e¨vwfPvi I mgKvwgZvi g‡Zv
Mwn©Z KvR- hv me a‡g©B wbwl×- msMwi‡ôi gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ wewfbœ iv‡óª ˆeaZv
†c‡q‡Q| wKš‘ kixÔAv‡Z nK-evwZj wbY©‡qi †ÿ‡Î msL¨vMwi‡ôi †Kvb g~j¨vqb †bB|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 ¾½¼»º ¹¸¶  µ´³²±°¯®¬«ª ©
Òhw` Avcwb Rwg‡b emevmiZ msL¨vMwi‡ôi †cQ‡b P‡jb, Zvn‡j Zviv Avcbv‡K
Avjøvni c_ †_‡K weåvšÍ K‡i w`‡e| Zviv ïay aviYvi AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Ges Abygv‡bi
Zxi †Qvu‡o|Ó711
myZivs nK-evwZj wbY©‡qi †ÿ‡Î msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvg‡Zi †Kvb g~j¨ †`qv hv‡e bv|
G‡ÿ‡Î g~j¨ n‡jv, kiÔqx `jxj Z_v KziAvb, mybœvn, BRgv, wKqv‡mi| †h wel‡q
kixÔAv‡Z †Kvb my¯úó `jxj i‡q‡Q, †m wel‡q msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvbyhvqx †Kvbµ‡gB
dvqmvjv †`qv hv‡e bv| Z‡e kixÔAv‡Z msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvgZ G‡Kev‡i g~j¨nxb
GgbI bq| †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î AwaKvs‡ki gZvgZ we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb-
1. hw` †Kvb gyevn wel‡q K‡qKwU c_ †Lvjv _v‡K, Zvn‡j †Kvb GKwU MÖn‡Yi †ÿ‡Î
msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvgZ AMÖMY¨ n‡Z cv‡i| G e¨vcv‡i `jxj n‡jv, nhiZ dviæ‡K Avhg
ivwh. Gi HwZnvwmK evYx, hv wZwb cieZ©x Ljxdv wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ g‡bvbxZ wewkó Qq
mvnvex‡K e‡jwQ‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﺨﺬوا ﺻﻨﻒ اﻷﻛﺜﺮ‬،‫ وإن ﻛﺎن أرﺑﻌﺔ واﺛﻨﺎن‬،‫ﺗﺸﺎوروا ﻓﻲ أﻣﺮﻛﻢ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎن اﺛﻨﺎن واﺛﻨﺎن ﻓﺎرﺟﻌﻮا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﻮرى‬
Ò‡Zvgiv G welq (Ljxdv wbe©vPb) wb‡q civgk© Ki‡e| hw` `yBRb GKw`K Avi
`yBRb Aci w`K Mgb K‡i (A_©vr `yB w`‡K ivq mgvb nq) Zvn‡j cybivq civgk©
Ki‡e| Avi hw` PviRb GKw`‡K Ges `yB Rb Av‡iK w`‡K Ae¯’vb †bq, Zvn‡j
msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvbyhvqx wm×všÍ Ki‡e|Ó712
DwjøwLZ fv‡l¨ Avgiv my¯úófv‡e †`L‡Z cvB †h, nhiZ Igi ivwh. msL¨vMwi‡ôi

710 nvKxgyj D¤§Z _vbfx Kx wmqvmx AvdKvi: AvnKv‡g wh‡›`Mx m~‡Î: 568; `ªóe¨, Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 6/113,
gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
711 m~iv AvbÔAvg: 116
712 ZvevKv‡Z Be‡b mvÔAv`: 3/61, `viæ mv‡`i, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 Bmjvgx ivRbxwZi iƒc‡iLv 345
gZvg‡Zi we‡ePbv K‡i‡Qb|
2. BR‡Znv`K…Z welqvw`‡ZI (A_©vr Ggb me welq †h¸‡jv‡Z KziAvb I mybœvni
e¨vL¨vq gyRZvwn`M‡Yi e³e¨ wfbœ wfbœ †m¸‡jv‡Z) KL‡bv KL‡bv msL¨vMwi‡ôi ivq
AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`v‡bi GKwU KviY nq| A_©vr †h w`‡K †ewki fvM dKxn AwfgZ
w`‡q‡Qb †mUv‡K †kÖô Ávb Kiv n‡e| G n‡jv kixÔAv‡Z msL¨vMwi‡ôi gZvg‡Zi
Ae¯’vb| myZivs miKvi wb‡q `yBR‡bi GKRb‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qvi †ÿ‡Î msL¨vMwiôZvi
wfwˇZ dvqmvjv †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †Kvb Kzdzix gZev‡`i mv‡_ RwoZ nIqv
hv‡e bv|
mviK_v n‡jv, wewfbœ c×wZ‡Z †LjvdZ cÖwZôv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb, kiÔqx wRnv`,
Kv‡di miKv‡ii weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn Ges wbe©vP‡b AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g †LjvdZ cÖwZôv
Kiv| Z‡e kZ© n‡jv ivRbxwZ n‡Z n‡e Bmjvg mgw_©Z| †Kvbfv‡eB MYZ‡š¿i Kzdix
gZev‡` wek¦vmx nIqv hv‡e bv Ges ÿgZv MÖn‡Yi ci AwZ`ªæZ MYZš¿ webvk K‡i c~Y©
Bmjvgx †LjvdZ Kv‡qg Ki‡Z n‡e| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bmjvgx †LjvdZ cÖwZôvi Rb¨
mKj‡K mva¨ ‡gvZv‡eK †gnbZ Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Kiæb Ges c„w_ex‡Z cybivq
Bmjvgx †LjvdZ Kv‡qg K‡i w`b| Avgxb \

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
02 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
346

†fvU I Zvi kiÔqx `„wófw½

gvIjvbv Avãyjøvn Avj gvgyb †kicyix
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi cÖavb e¨w³ n‡jb Ljxdv ev ivóªcÖavb| †h‡nZz LjxdvB me©vwaK
¸iæZ¡c~Y© e¨w³, ZvB Zvi wbe©vPb c×wZwUI mev©waK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Bmjv‡g Ljxdv
wbe©vP‡bi wewfbœ c×wZ i‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg n‡jv wewkó e¨w³e‡M©i gZvg‡Zi
wfwˇZ Ljxdv wbe©vPb Kiv| G c×wZ‡Z Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g Ljxdv nhiZ Avey eKi
wmÏxK ivwh. wbe©vwPZ n‡q‡Qb| G wbqgvbymv‡i wØZxq Ljxdv nhiZ Igi ivwh. I Zuvi
cieZx© Ljxdv wbe©vP‡bi j‡ÿ¨ Qq m¤£všÍ e¨w³i GKwU gRwj‡k ïiv MVb
K‡iwQ‡jb|713 wZwb D³ c×wZ‡K AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡Zb| GgbwK `xN© LyZevi
GKvs‡k e‡j‡Qb-
.‫إﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺧﻼﻓﺔ إﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺸﻮرة‬
ÒLjxdv wbe©vwPZ n‡e gvkIqvivi gva¨‡gB|Ó714
Ljxdv I Avgxi wbe©vPb c×wZ †h‡nZz mvnvev hvgvbv‡ZB wQj, Avi Zuviv n‡jb mgMÖ
gvbe RvwZi Av`k©| ZvB †fvU cÖ`v‡bi †¶‡ÎI Zuviv Avgv‡`i Av`k©| Zuv‡`i Av`k©‡K
mvg‡b †i‡L †fvU cÖ`vb‡K we‡kølY Ki‡j K‡qKwU welq cwijw¶Z nq| hvi cÖwZwU
welq ¯^¯’v‡b ¸iæZ¡ I Zvrc‡h©i `vex`vi| welq¸wj wbgœiƒc-
1. kvnv`vZ ev mv¶¨ cÖ`vb Kiv| 2. AvgvbZ| 3. IKvjvZ ev cÖwZwbwa wbhy³ Kiv|
kvnv`vZ: kvnv`vZ A_© n‡”Q mv¶¨ cª`vb Kiv ev mZ¨vqb Kiv| †Kbbv GKRb †fvUvi
hLb †Kvb †fvUcÖv_x©‡K †fvU cÖ`vb K‡i, ZLb †m †hb H †fvU cÖv_©xi avwg©KZv, Bjg,
ZvKIqv, Avgj Ges RbcÖwZwbwa‡Z¡i Dchy³Zvi mv¶¨ cÖ`vb Kij Ges GK_vi mvÿ¨
cÖ`vb Kij †h, D³ KvR myPviæiƒ‡c m¤úv`b Kivi Rb¨ †h mKj kZ© ev ¸‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb
Zv Zvi gv‡S c~Y©gvÎvq we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz †fvU cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g kvnv`vZ cÖ`vb
Kiv nq, ZvB kvnv`v‡Zi wKQz wbqg bxwZ, wewaweavb †fvU cÖ`vbKvixi Rb¨ cvjbxq|
myZivs D³ cÖv_x© mr, wbôvevb, Øxb`vi I Bmjv‡gi ûKzg AvnKv‡gi cve›` nIqv

‫ وﻃﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ وﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻤﺮ  ﻗﺪ ﺟﻌﻞ اﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺷﻮرى ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺘﺔ ﻧﻔﺮ وﻫﻢ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻔﺎن‬:«‫ ﻓﻔﻲ »اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺔ واﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬713
‫ ﻻ أﺗﺤﻤﻞ أﻣﺮﻫﻢ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ وﺗﺤﺮج أن ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻮاﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬،  ‫ وﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮف‬،‫ وﺳﻌﺪ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ وﻗﺎص‬،‫واﻟﺰﺑﻴﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮام‬
‫ ﺑﻴﺮوت‬،‫ دار إﺣﻴﺎء اﻟﺘﺮاث اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ‬،۱٦۳/٧ .
‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺟﻤﻌﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮﻛﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﺒﻴﻜﻢ‬،‫ وإن ﻳﺮد اﻟﻠﻪ ﺧﻴﺮا ﻳﺠﻤﻌﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻫﺆﻻء‬،‫ﺣﻴﺎ وﻣﻴﺘﺎ‬
714 gymvbœv‡d Be‡b Avex kvBev: 20/573-574; mybv‡b Kzeiv wjb-bvmvqx: nv`xm bs 7151| kvBL gynv¤§v` AvIqvgv

nvwdhvûjøvn nv`x‡mi mb`wU mnxn e‡j‡Qb| (‫ اﻟﺨﺒﺮ إﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫)ﻗﺎل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻮاﻣﺔ‬
 †fvU I Zvi kiÔqx `„wófw½ 347
Avek¨K| hw` †fvUcÖv_x© DwjøwLZ ¸‡Y ¸Yvwš^Z nq, Zvn‡j †fvUv‡ii mv¶¨
kixÔAvZm¤§Z n‡e Ges †m mIqv‡ei AwaKvix n‡e| c¶všÍ‡i hw` cÖv_x©i gv‡S D³
¸Yvejx bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zv‡K †fvU cÖ`vb Ki‡j wg_¨v mv¶¨ †`qvi ¸bvn n‡e| †fvU
GKwU mv¶¨ we‡kl, ZvB Dchy³ cv‡ÎB Zv cÖ`vb Kiv DwPZ| myZivs hLb †Kvb e¨w³i
e¨vcv‡i AšÍi mv¶¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e †h, †m mswkøó c‡`i †hvM¨ bq, A_ev Ab¨ e¨w³ Zvi
†P‡q AwaK †hvM¨ ZLb ïay AvZ¥xqZvi Kvi‡Y ev cvw_©e ¯^v‡_©i wewbg‡q A‡hvM¨ cv‡Î
†fvU cÖ`vb Kiv kiÔqx weavbvbyhvqx wg_¨v mv¶¨ †`qvi mgch©v‡q, hv Kexiv ¸bvn|
cweÎ KziAv‡b Avjøvn iveŸyj Avjvgxb wg_¨v mv¶¨ cÖ`vb‡K GZ eo Aciva wn‡m‡e
AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb †h, g~wZ©c~Rvi c‡iB Zv D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb (Df‡qi cvc‡K mgch©v‡q
†i‡L‡Qb)| Avjøvn cvK e‡jb-
 ÂÁÀ¿¾½¼ »
ÒmyZivs †Zvgiv g~wZ©‡`i AcweÎZv †_‡K †eu‡P _vK Ges wg_¨v K_v †_‡K `~‡i m‡i
_vK|Ó715
Avjøvni ivm~j wg_¨v mv¶¨‡K Kexiv ¸bvn AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| nhiZ Avãyi
ingvb Be‡b Avey eKiv ivn. Zvi wcZv Avey eKiv ivwh. †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ وﺷﻬﺎدة اﻟﺰور أو ﻗﻮل اﻟﺰور وﻛﺎن رﺳﻮل‬،‫ وﻋﻘﻮق اﻟﻮاﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬،‫ أﻻ أﻧﺒﺌﻜﻢ ﺑﺄﻛﺒﺮ اﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ اﻹﺷﺮاك ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ ﻓﺠﻠﺲ ﻓﻤﺎ زال ﻳﻜﺮرﻫﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﻟﻴﺘﻪ ﺳﻜﺖ‬،‫اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﺘﻜﺌﺎ‬
Ò ûRyi e‡jb †h, eo eo ¸bvn †Kvb¸‡jv Zv wK †Zvgv‡`i‡K e‡j w`‡ev?
wZbevi Ggb ej‡jb| mvnvev‡q †Kivg DËi Ki‡jb, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Aek¨B ejyb|
Bikv` n‡jv, Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi mv‡_ KvD‡K kixK Kiv, gvZvwcZvi Aeva¨ nIqv Ges
wg_¨v mvÿx †`Iqv A_ev e‡j‡Qb wg_¨v K_v ejv| nhiZ Avey eKiv ivwh. e‡jb ûRyi
†njvb †`qv Ae¯’vq wQ‡jb, †mvRv n‡q e‡m co‡jb Ges e‡j DV‡jb Ôwg_¨v
†_‡K †eu‡P _v‡KvÕ Gfv‡e K_vwUi cybive„wË Ki‡Z _vK‡jb| GgbwK Avgiv (g‡b
g‡b) Kvgbv KiwQjvg, wZwb hw` ¶všÍ n‡Zb|Ó716
Ab¨ nv`x‡m G‡m‡Q, nhiZ LyivCg Be‡b dv‡ZK ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib -
‫ ﻋﺪﻟﺖ ﺷﻬﺎدة اﻟﺰور ﺑﺎﻹﺷﺮاك ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ اﻧﺼﺮف ﻗﺎم ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺎ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﺻﻠﻰ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺻﻼة اﻟﺼﺒﺢ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬

 ÂÁÀ¿¾½¼ » ‫ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮار ﺛﻢ ﻗﺮأ‬

715 m~iv nR¡: 30

716 mnxn gymwjg: 1/64, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
348 `imyj wdK&n
ÒGKw`b bex Kixg dR‡ii bvgvh co‡jb| bvgvh †kl nIqvi ci `uvwo‡q
†M‡jb Ges Bikv` Ki‡jb †h, wg_¨v wki‡Ki gZB| K_vwU ûRyi wZb evi
ej‡jb| AZtci G AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡jb, ÔmyZivs †Zvgiv g~wZ©i AcweÎZv
†_‡K †eu‡P _vK Ges wg_¨v K_v †_‡K `~‡i _vK|Ó717
AvgvbZ: †fvU cÖ`v‡bi `vwqZ¡ g~jZ GKwU kiÔqx AvgvbZ| GLv‡b AvgvbZ ej‡Z
GKRb e¨w³i `vwqZ¡ I AwaKvi †evSv‡bv D‡Ïk¨| G †cªw¶‡Z †fvU cÖ`vb AvgvbZ
¯^iƒc| Avi AvgvbZ m¤ú‡K© cweÎ KziAv‡b Avjøvn iveŸyj Avjvgxb Bikv` K‡ib-
±°¯®¬«ª ©
Òwbðq Avjøvn †Zvgv‡`i‡K Av‡`k w`‡”Qb, hveZxq AvgvbZ Zvi Dchy³ e¨w³‡`i‡K
Ac©Y Ki‡Z|Ó718
Av‡iv Bikv` K‡ib-
 `_^]\[ZYX WVU
Ò†n Cgvb`viMY, Avjøvn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji mv‡_ †LqvbZ K‡iv bv Ges †R‡b ï‡b
wb‡R‡`i cvi¯cwiK Avgvb‡Z †LqvbZ K‡iv bv|Ó719
myZivs †h e¨w³ ev cÖv_x©‡K wbe©vwPZ Ki‡j Bmjvg mgybœZ n‡e, Bmjvgx g~j¨‡eva i¶v
n‡e, †`‡ki mKj gvby‡li b¨vh¨ AwaKvi cÖwZwôZ n‡e, Zv‡K †fv‡Ui gva¨‡g weRqx
Kiv mKj Ávbevb I we‡eKm¤úbœ Cgvb`vi gvby‡li ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡| ïaygvÎ `jxq w`K
we‡ePbv K‡i wKsev †jvf-jvjmvi ekeZ©x n‡q A_ev cÖfve cÖwZcwˇZ fxZ n‡q †fvU
†`qv hv‡e bv| †Kbbv †fvU †`qv mvaviY †Kvb e¨vcvi bq| GwU GKwU AvgvbZ| ZvB
G Avgvb‡Zi mwVK e¨envi K‡i `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Zi KwVb I gnvwec` †_‡K wb‡R‡K
I RvwZ‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e|
IKvjvZ ev cÖwZwbwa wbhy³ Kiv: kiÔqx `„wó‡Z †fvU †`qvi A_© cÖv_x©‡K wb‡Ri
cÖwZwbwa evbv‡bv| A_©vr †fvUvi cÖv_x©‡K †fvU w`‡q GK_v eySv‡Z Pv‡”Q †h, †fvU
cÖv_©x †fvUv‡ii ivRbxwZ I agx©q wel‡qi IKxj ev cÖwZwbwa| Avi G K_v Ab¯^xKvh©
†h, cÖwZwbwa Ggb e¨w³ nq, †h cÖwZwbwa‡Z¡i KvR myôzfv‡e AvÄvg w`‡Z cvi‡e|
Abyiƒcfv‡e †fvUvi Zvi †fvUvwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g cÖv_x©‡K wb‡Ri cÖwZwbwa
wb‡qv‡Mi mycvwik K‡i _v‡K| Avi mycvwi‡ki e¨vcv‡i Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb-

717 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/507, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

718 m~iv wbmv: 58
719 m~iv Avbdvj: 27
 †fvU I Zvi kiÔqx `„wófw½ 349

ËÊ ÉÈ  ÇÆÅÄÃÂÁÀ¿¾ ½¼»º¹¸

 ÐÏ Î   ÍÌ
Ò†h †jvK mrKv‡Ri Rb¨ †Kvb mycvwik Ki‡e, Zv †_‡K †mI GKwU Ask cv‡e| Avi
†h †jvK mycvwik Ki‡e g›` Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †mI Zvi †evSvi GKwU Ask cv‡e| e¯‘Z
Avjøvn& me©wel‡q ¶gZvkxj|Ó720
ejvevûj¨ †h, wbe©vwPZ cÖv_x© ¶gZvq _vKv Ae¯’vq fvj-g›` hvB Ki‡e cÖ‡Z¨K †fvUvi
Zvi wbe©vwPZ cÖv_x©i mv‡_ mIqve wKsev ¸bv‡n mgvb fvMx n‡e|
mviK_v: DwjøwLZ wZbwU welq (kvnv`vZ, IKvjvZ I AvgvbZ) Gi mgwó n‡jv †fvU|
ZvB †fvU cÖ`v‡b mKj‡K mRvM `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e| †hb Acv‡Î ‡fvU w`‡q RvwZ‡K
¶wZMÖ¯Í K‡i Avjøvni wbKU Revew`wnZvi m¤§yLxb n‡Z bv nq|
†fvU cÖ`vb
gvby‡li b¨vh¨ AwaKvi cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Av`k©evb, mr I †Lv`vfxiæ e¨w³i nv‡Z ¶gZv
Ac©Y Kiv KZ©e¨| †h‡nZz †fvU †`qv gv‡b mv¶¨ †`qv ZvB mZ¨ I Kj¨vY‡K weRqx
Kiv Avi wg_¨v‡K civf~Z Kivi Rb¨ mv¶¨ `v‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv mZ¨
mv¶¨ `vb †_‡K weiZ _vKv gv‡b wg_¨v‡K weRqx n‡Z my‡hvM †`qv, hv †Kvbµ‡gB
Kvg¨ bq|721
mv¶¨ cª`vb m¤ú‡K© Avjøvn iveŸyj Avjvgxb e‡jb-
 ¡~ }|  {zyx
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY, †Zvgiv Avjøvni mš‘wó jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ b¨vq mv¶¨ `v‡bi e¨vcv‡i
AwePj _vK‡e|Ó722
D³ Avqv‡Z Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv mZ¨ mv¶¨ Gwo‡q bv Pjv‡K gymjgvb‡`i Dci dih
K‡i‡Qb| ïay ZvB bq eis mZ¨ mvÿ¨ †Mvcb Kiv‡K Ryjyg mve¨¯Í K‡i e‡j‡Qb-
 ÊÉÈ Ç ÆÅÄÃÂÁÀ   ¿¾½¼
ÒZvi †P‡q eo Rv‡jg Avi †K n‡Z cv‡i, †h Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K Zvi Kv‡Q cÖgvwYZ
mv¶¨‡K †Mvcb K‡i? Avjøvn †Zvgv‡`i Kg© m¤ú‡K© †eLei bb|Ó723

720 m~iv wbmv: 85

721 `ªóe¨, RvIqvwniæj dvZvIqv: 3/353 Bmjvwgqv KzZzeLvbv, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
722 m~iv gv‡q`v: 8
723 m~iv evKviv: 140
350 `imyj wdK&n
wZwb Av‡iv Bikv` K‡ib-
 fedcba`_ ^]\[ZYX
Ò†Zvgiv mv¶¨ †Mvcb K‡iv bv| †h e¨w³ Zv †Mvcb K‡i Zvi AšÍi cvcx| †Zvgiv hv
Ki Avjøvn †m wel‡q mwe‡kl ÁvZ|Ó724
KziAv‡bi DwjøwLZ AvqvZmg~n gymjgvb‡`i Dci GB weavb Ac©Y K‡i‡Q †h, mZ¨
mv¶¨ cÖ`vb bv K‡i mvÿ¨ cÖ`vb‡K Gwo‡q hvIqvi †Kvb AeKvk †bB|
†fvU µq-weµq
eZ©gv‡b wbev©P‡bi c~‡e© cÖv_©xiv †fvUvi‡`i gv‡S †h UvKv-cqmv, Pv-bv¯Ív, wewo
wmMv‡iU BZ¨vw` weZiY K‡i _v‡K, Zv †fvUvi‡`i‡K wb‡Ri ¯^c‡¶ †fvU cª`v‡bi
D‡Ï‡k¨B w`‡q _v‡K| Avi mv¶x‡K wb‡Ri c‡¶ mv¶¨ cª`v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb wKQz †`qv
Ny‡li AšÍf©y³| ZvB †fvU µq-weµq bvRv‡qh I nvivg|
nv`xm kix‡d Ny‡li †jb‡`bKvix‡`i‡K Awfm¤úvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-
.‫ﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺮاﺷﻲ واﻟﻤﺮﺗﺸﻲ واﻟﺮاﺋﺶ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻤﺸﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬
ÒNyl`vZv, MÖnxZv, I ga¨¯’ZvKvix mK‡ji Dci i‡q‡Q Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi jvÔbZ I
Awfkvc|Ó725
Abyiƒcfv‡e dzKvnv‡q †Kivg mv¶¨ cª`vb K‡i wewbgq MÖnY Kiv‡K bvRv‡qh e‡j‡Qb|
Avjøvgv Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻓﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﺘﻌﺎوض أﺻﻼ‬،‫ﺑﺨﻼف اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﺮض ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﺎﻫﺪ أداءﻫﺎ‬
Òmvÿxi Dci mZ¨ mvÿ¨ cÖ`vb Kiv dih| myZivs mvÿ¨ cÖ`vb K‡i †Kvbiƒc wewbgq
†bqv Rv‡qh n‡e bv|Ó726
AZGe, †fvU cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î Ggb aviYv Kiv DwPZ bq †h, GUv ïay cvw_©e welq, Gi
mv‡_ a‡g©i †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| ¯§iY ivLv cÖ‡qvRb, cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³‡KB Avjøvn ZvÕAvjvi
Av`vj‡Z Revew`nx Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj K‡g©i wnmv‡ei m‡½ †fvU bvgK mv¶¨‡K
†Kv_vq wK Ae¯’vq KZUzKz Avgvb‡Zi mv‡_ e¨envi K‡i‡Q ZviI wnmve w`‡Z n‡e|
gwnjv‡`i †fvU cÖ`vb
BwZc~‡e© D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, †fvU GK cÖKvi mv¶¨| †fv‡Ui gva¨‡g cÖv_x©i †hvM¨Zvi
mv¶¨ cÖ`vb Kiv nq| kixÔAvZ gwnjv‡`i‡KI †fvU cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi w`‡q‡Q| †hgb

724 m~iv evKviv: 283

725 Kvbhyj D¤§vj: nv`xm bs 15080, wZiwghx: 1/248
726 dvZûj Kv`xi: 7/2, wKZveyj IqvKvjv
 †fvU I Zvi kiÔqx `„wófw½ 351
Z…Zxq Ljxdv nhiZ Dmgvb ivwh. Gi wbe©vP‡bi mgq nhiZ Avãyi ingvb Be‡b
AvDd ivwh. gwnjv‡`i gZvgZI wb‡q‡Qb|
G e¨vcv‡i Bgvg Be‡b Kvmxi Zuvi Abe`¨ MÖš’ ÔAvj-we`vqv Iqvb-wbnvqvÕ‡Z D‡jøL
K‡ib-
‫ وﻳﺠﻤﻊ أي اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﺮأي رؤوس اﻟﻨﺎس وأﻗﻴﺎدﻫﻢ‬،‫ﺛﻢ ﻧﻬﺾ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮف  ﻳﺴﺘﺸﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ وأﺷﺘﺎﺗﺎ ﻣﺜﻨﻰ وﻓﺮادى وﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻴﻦ ﺳﺮا وﺟﻬﺮا ﺣﺘﻰ ﺧﻠﺺ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء اﻟﻤﺨﺪرات ﻓﻲ ﺣﺠﺎﺑﻬﻦ وﺣﺘﻰ‬
.‫ﺳﺄل اﻟﻮﻟﺪان ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ وﺣﺘﻰ ﺳﺄل ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﻛﺒﺎن واﻷﻋﺮاب إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪة ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻳﺎم ﺑﻠﻴﺎﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬
ÒnhiZ Avãyi ivngvb Be‡b AvDd ivwh. nhiZ Dmgvb ivwh. †K Ljxdv wbe©vP‡bi
wel‡q civgk© I gZvgZ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ¯Z ‘ n‡jb| eo eo mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡K
GKwÎZ K‡i (wewfbœfv‡e) gZvgZ wb‡jb| GK GKRb †_‡K, `yB `yBRb †_‡K
mw¤§wjZfv‡e mevi †_‡K cÖKv‡k¨ I †Mvc‡b gZvgZ wb‡jb| wZwb c`©vbkxb gwnjv‡`i
†_‡KI gZvgZ wb‡jb| GgbwK gKZ‡ei ev”Pv‡`iI gZvgZ wb‡jb| (GLv‡bB ÿvšÍ
nbwb) Gici GKvav‡i wZb w`b wZb ivZ ch©šÍ g`xbvq AvMZ gymvwdi I MÖv‡gi
†jvKRb †_‡KI gZvgZ MÖnY K‡ib|Ó727
D³ nv`xm †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, wbe©vP‡bi †ÿ‡Î gwnjv‡`i gZvgZ cÖKvk ev †fvU
cÖ`vb Kiv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| wKš‘ gymjgvb bvix‡`i †fvU cÖ`vb Ki‡Z wM‡q c`©vi AbymiY
Kiv Ges †fv‡Ui mwVK e¨envi Kiv Riæix| b‡Pr ¸bvn †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ †fvU †`qv
†_‡K weiZ _vKvB DËg| nhiZ gydZx †KdvqvZzjøvn ivn. e‡jb, gwnjv‡`i †fvU
cÖ`vb Kiv wb‡la bq| n¨uv †fvU †`qvi mgq kixÔAv‡Zi c`©vi w`‡K †Lqvj ivLv
IqvwRe|728
Wej †fvU I Rvj †fvU cÖ`v‡bi ûKzg
Wej †fvU I Rvj †fvU †`qv kixÔAv‡Zi `„„wó‡Z †auvKv I gvivZ¥K ¸bvn, G †_‡K
weiZ _vKv cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Dci Acwinvh©| Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv Avgv‡`i‡K G mg¯Í RvwjqvwZ
†_‡K †ndvRZ Kiæb|729
†fvU †`qvi Dci A½xKvive× e¨w³i Km‡gi ûKzg
hw` †KD Kmg K‡i †h, Avwg Zv‡K †fvU †`e bv| GgZve¯’vq †fvUv‡ii KZ©e¨ n‡jv,
hw` †mB cÖv_x© †hvM¨ nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K †fvU w`‡q Kmg f‡½i Kvd&dviv Av`vq K‡i

727 Avj we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqv: 7/164, `viæ BnBqvBZ Zzivwmj Avivex, ˆeiæZ
728 †KdvqvZzj gydZx: 9/371, wKZveym wmqvmvZ, `viæj BkvÔAvZ, cvwK¯Ívb
729 Rv`x` wdKnx gvmv‡qj: 462 Lv‡j` mvBdzjøvn ingvbx
352 `imyj wdK&n
†`qv| nhiZ Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Qvgyiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻤﺮة! وإذا ﺣﻠﻔﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﻓﺮأﻳﺖ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﺧﻴﺮا ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻜﻔﺮ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل ﻟﻲ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫ﻋﻦ ﻳﻤﻴﻨﻚ واﺋﺖ اﻟﺬي ﻫﻮ ﺧﻴﺮ‬
Ò bex Kixg Avgv‡K ej‡jb, †n Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Qvgyiv! hw` Zzwg †Kvb
e¨vcv‡i Kmg K‡i †dj Avi †h e¨vcv‡i Kmg K‡iQ Zv †_‡K DËg †Kvb KvR Zzwg
†`L‡Z cvI ZLb DËg KvRwU Ki‡e Avi Kmg f‡½i Rb¨ Kvd&dviv w`‡e|Ó730
Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z †fvU GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq, G‡Z †Kvb Ae‡njvi AeKvk †bB| GUv
AvgvbZ we‡kl| †fv‡Ui AvgvbZ‡K mwVK cv‡Î Ac©Y K‡i mr, †Lv`vfxiæ I †hvM¨
cÖv_x©‡K wbe©vwPZ Kiv mK‡ji KZ©e¨| †mB mv‡_ †fvU †h‡nZz GKwU mv¶¨ I mycvwik
¯^iƒc ZvB mr, Øxb`vi I †hvM¨ cÖv_x©‡K weRqx Kiv DwPZ| eZ©gv‡b †h‡nZz †Kvb
cªv_x©i gv‡SB cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸Yvejx c~Y©gvÎvq †bB, ZvB Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †h fv‡jv Zv‡KB
†fvU cÖ`vb Kiv DwPZ|
Ab¨_vq Zv‡Z Avgvb‡Zi †LqvbZ I wg_¨v mv¶¨`v‡bi ¸bvn n‡e| Dciš‘ Zvi me
ai‡bi Ab¨vq I Ryjy‡gi Askx`viI n‡Z n‡e|
kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z c` cÖv_©bv
miKvix ev †emiKvix †h †Kvb c` †P‡q †bqv ev c‡`i †jvf Kiv kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z
Rv‡qh †bB| KviY c` ev kvmb ÿgZv n‡jv `vwqZ¡; AwaKvi bq| ZvB ¯^v_©wmw× ev
wbQK †bZ…Z¡ †`qv A_ev ïay c` †bqvi Rb¨ wbe©vP‡b Ask †bqv ev Gi Rb¨ cÖvYcY
Z`exi Kiv Rv‡qh †bB| †Kbbv †h e¨w³ wbR B”Qvq c` MÖnY K‡i, Avjøvni cÿ
†_‡K Zvi Rb¨ mvnv‡h¨i `iRv iæ× n‡q hvq| Zvi Øviv †`k I `‡ki g½j nq bv|
ivm~jyjøvn nhiZ Avãyi ingvb Be‡b mvgyiv ivwh. †K e‡j‡Qb-
‫ﻻ ﺗﺴﺄل اﻹﻣﺎرة ﻓﺈﻧﻚ إن أوﺗﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ وﻛﻠﺖ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ وإن أوﺗﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ أﻋﻨﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
Ò†bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡iv bv| †Kbbv hw` Av‡e`‡bi Kvi‡Y †Zvgv‡K †bZ…Z¡ †`qv
nq Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡K Zvi `vqfvi enb Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi hw` †Zvgv‡K PvIqv QvovB
†bZ…Z cÖ`vb Kiv nq, Zvn‡j (Avjøvni cÿ †_‡K) †Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv n‡e|Ó731
GKvi‡YB ivm~jyjøvn †Kvb c‡`i Av‡e`bKvix‡K D³ c‡`i Rb¨ g‡bvbxZ
Ki‡Zb bv| nhiZ Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix ivwh. e‡jb, GKevi Avgvi †Mv‡Îi `yÕRb
†jvK ûRyi Gi wbKU Av‡e`b Rvbv‡jv, Zv‡`i‡K †hb †Kvb c‡` wb‡qvM †`qv

730 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 4273; mnxn eyLvix: 2/1058, nvwgw`qv jvB‡eªix
731 mnxn eyLvix: 2/980, nvwgw`qv jvB‡eªix, XvKv, nv`xm bs 6622
 †fvU I Zvi kiÔqx `„wófw½ 353
nq| G cÖm‡½ Avey g~mv ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ أﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل أﺣﺪ اﻟﺮﺟﻠﻴﻦ‬،‫دﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
أﻧﺎ ورﺟﻼن ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻲ ﻋﻤﻲ‬
‫ إﻧﺎ واﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ ﻧﻮﻟﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ أﺣﺪا ﺳﺄﻟﻪ وﻻ أﺣﺪا‬:‫ وﻗﺎل اﻵﺧﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫وﻻك اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‬
.‫ﺣﺮص ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
ÒAvwg I Avgvi `yB PvPv‡Zv fvB ivm~j Gi †L`g‡Z nvwRi njvg| Zv‡`i GKRb
ejj, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avgv‡`i‡K †Kvb GKUv `vwqZ¡ †`b| Ab¨RbI GKB Av‡e`b
Kij| ZLb ivm~j ej‡jb, Avgiv Ggb KvD‡K GB `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y Kwi bv, †h Gi
Av‡e`b K‡i Ges Ggb KvD‡K bq †h Gi cÖwZ †jvf K‡i|Ó732
D³ nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K my¯úó, †h e¨w³ †hvM¨Zvi gvcKvwV‡Z cÖv_©x nIqvi Dchy³ bq
†m hw` `jxq, eskxq ev Avw_©K cÖfv‡ei Kvi‡Y wbe©vPbx cÖwZØw›ØZvq wR‡ZI hvq, Zvi
Øviv mgvR I iv‡óªi Kj¨vY nq bv eis †m RvwZi AKj¨vY I aŸs‡mi KviY n‡q
`uvovq| GKw`‡K †¯^”QvcÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q c` MÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y †m ¸bvnMvi nq, Aciw`‡K
Avjøvni mvnvh¨ bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y RbM‡Yi `vwqZ¡ I AvgvbZ iÿvq Aÿg nq|
cÿvšÍ‡i hw` KvD‡K RbM‡Yi cÿ †_‡K †Rvic~e©K †bZ…Z¡fvi †`qv nq A_ev mevB
wg‡j Zv‡K wbe©vwPZ K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ Avjøvni Dci fimv K‡i `vwqZ¡ MÖnY ˆea|
†m‡ÿ‡Î †m Avjøvni cÿ †_‡K mvnvh¨cÖvß n‡e| bexRx Ggb e¨w³‡K DËg e‡j
AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. ‡_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ﺗﺠﺪون ﻣﻦ ﺧﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺎس أﺷﺪ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻛﺮاﻫﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺸﺄن ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ‬... :‫إن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òbex Kixg Bikv` K‡ib, †Zvgiv fvj gvbyl wn‡m‡e H †jvK‡`i‡K cv‡e hviv
GB e¨vcvi (A_©vr Avgxi nIqv) †K AZ¨šÍ AcQ›` Kivi ci Zvi g‡a¨ †du‡m
hvq|Ó733
GLv‡b cÖwYavb‡hvM¨ †h, †KD †KD †bZ…‡Z¡i Av‡e`b Rv‡qh nIqvi Dci nhiZ
BDmyd Av. Gi e³e¨ Øviv `jxj †ck K‡i _v‡Kb, hLb wZwb wgk‡ii ev`kvn‡K jÿ¨
K‡i e‡jwQ‡jb-

m
l
k

j
ih
g
f
e
d
ÒAvgv‡K f~fvÛv‡ii Rb¨ e¨e¯’vcK wbhy³ Kiæb| wbðq Avwg msiÿK Ges weÁ|Ó734

732 mnxn gymwjg: 2/120, Avkivdx eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`, nv`xm bs 1733
733 mnxn eyLvix: 1/496, Avkivdx eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`, nv`xm bs 3235
734 m~iv BDmyd: 55
354 `imyj wdK&n
GgbwK †KD †KD D³ e³e¨ Øviv wbe©vPbx cÖPviYvq wb‡Ri PZzg©~Lx cÖksmvi c‡ÿ
ˆeaZvi `jxj †`qvi cÖ‡Póv Pvjvb| wKš‘ `yB Kvi‡Y nhiZ BDmyd Av. Gi D³ evYx
Zv‡`i c‡ÿ `jxj n‡e bv|
cÖ_gZ: wgk‡ii ev`kv Zuvi ÁvbMf© wm×všÍ I Avjøvn cÖ`Ë Ávbm~jf civg‡k© gy»
n‡q c~‡e©B G g‡g© wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb †h, Zv‡K wgk‡ii †Kvb GKwU `vwqZ¡ cÖ`vb
Ki‡eb| †hgbwU KziAv‡b G‡m‡Q-

c
b
a
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^
]

\
[
ZY

X
W
V
U
T
ÒGes ev`kvn ej‡jb, Zv‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q wb‡q G‡mv| Avwg Zv‡K wb‡Ri GKwbô
evbv‡ev| myZivs hLb (BDmyd Av. ev`kvni Kv‡Q G‡jb Ges) ev`kvn Zuvi mv‡_
Av‡jvPbv K‡i ej‡jb, wbðqB Avcwb Avgvi Kv‡Q AvR †_‡K wek¦¯Í wn‡m‡e gh©v`vi
¯’vb jvf K‡i‡Qb|Ó735
myZivs ev`kvn Zuvi Av‡e`‡bi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z Zuv‡K c` †`qvi wm×všÍ †bbwb eis wb‡Ri
B”Qv‡ZB Giƒc wm×všÍ wb‡qwQ‡jb| GQvov nhiZ BDmyd Av. GiI G e¨vcv‡i c~Y©
aviYv n‡q wM‡qwQ‡jv †h, ev`kvn Zuv‡K †Kvb bv †Kvb c` w`‡eb| evwK wQj ïay
GZUzKz †h, Zuv‡K †Kvb ai‡bi c` †`qv n‡e Ges Kx KvR Zuv‡K b¨¯Í Kiv n‡e|
GAe¯’vq nhiZ BDmyd Av. e‡j‡Qb †h, hLb Avcwb wm×všÍ wb‡q‡QbB †h, Avgv‡K
†Kvb bv †Kvb `vwqZ¡ w`‡eb Zvn‡j Avgv‡K f~fvÛv‡ii e¨e¯’vcK wbhy³ Kiæb| welqwU
G iKg wQj bv †h, †RjLvbv †_‡K wZwb †Kvb c‡`i Rb¨ `iLv¯Í K‡i‡Qb Ges †m
g‡g© †Kvb mycvwik †ck K‡i‡Qb| (eis AvMZ `ywf©‡ÿi eQi¸wj‡Z wgmievmx‡`i
Rb¨ Zuvi gZ GKRb AvgvbZ`vi I weÁ f~fvÛvi ZË¡veavq‡Ki AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRb wQj)
AZGe D³ NUbv †_‡K ÿgZv cÖv_©bvi †Kvb ˆeaZv cÖgvwYZ nq bv|
wØZxqZ: c`cÖv_©bv bvRv‡qh, GwU kixÔAv‡Zi GKwU †gŠwjK weavb| Z‡e wKQz wKQz
cwiw¯’wZ Gi e¨wZµgI n‡q _v‡K| nhiZ BDmyd Av. Gi NUbv †mB e¨wZµgag©x
Ae¯’vi AšÍf©y³ n‡Z cv‡i|736
†hgb †Kvb †hvM¨ AvgvbZ`vi e¨w³ hw` GK_v cwi®‹vifv‡e eyS‡Z cv‡i †h, hw` †m
wbw`©ó c` Zje bv K‡i, Zvn‡j †m c‡` Ggb †jvK Avm‡e hvi nv‡Z RbMY I Øx‡bi
ÿwZ n‡e Ges e`Øxwb Qov‡Z _vK‡e G Ae¯’vq Zvi Rb¨ c‡`i Av‡e`b Kivi AeKvk
i‡q‡Q| Z‡e kZ© n‡”Q D‡Ïk¨ n‡Z n‡e mgvR ms‡kvab, m¤§vb nvwm‡ji D‡Ïk¨ n‡j

735 m~iv BDmyd: 54

736 Bmjvg AvIi wmqvmx bhwiqvZ, Avjøvgv ZKx Dmgvbx `v.ev.: 199, KzZzeLvbv bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`, fviZ
 †fvU I Zvi kiÔqx `„wófw½ 355
Pj‡e bv|
nhiZ Avjøvgv hdi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn. e‡jb-
،‫إن ﻃﻠﺐ اﻹﻣﺎرة واﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻹﻣﺎرة واﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﻟﺤﺐ اﻟﻤﺎل واﻟﺮﻳﺎﺳﺔ واﻟﺸﺮف ﻣﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬
،‫ وأﻣﺎ ﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ ﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻹﻣﺎرة‬،‫ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﺐ وﺣﺪﻩ أو ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎن أﻳﻀﺎ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻻ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ وإﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﺪل ﻓﻴﻬﻢ واﻟﻘﻀﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻖ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪل ﻣﻦ اﻷﺟﺮ اﻟﺠﺰﻳﻞ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ‬،‫ﺑﻞ إرادة اﻹﺻﻼح ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ رﺟﻞ آﺗﺎﻩ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻻ ﻓﺴﻠﻄﻪ‬:‫ ﻻ ﺣﺴﺪ إﻻ ﻓﻲ اﺛﻨﺘﻴﻦ‬:
‫ وﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎن ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬،‫ﺑﻤﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﺐ‬
.‫ وآﺧﺮ اﺗﺎﻩ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﻘﻀﻲ ﺑﻬﺎ وﻳﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻠﻜﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻖ‬
Òab m¤ú`, †bZ…Z¡ I gh©v`vi †gv‡n c`cÖv_©bv me©ve¯’vq wbwl×| Zv ïay AšÍ‡i †nvK
A_ev †gŠwLKfv‡e †nvK| KviY Zv Øx‡bi Rb¨ nq bv eis `ywbqvi Rb¨B n‡q _v‡K|
Avi hw` c`cÖv_©bv †bZ…Z¡ jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ bv n‡q RbM‡Yi Kj¨vYv‡_©, b¨vqwbôv I
b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ nq, Zvn‡j Zv wbwl× bq eis b¨vqwbôvi Kvi‡Y Zv n‡e DËg
cÖwZ`v‡bi gva¨g ¯^iƒc| myZivs G‡ÿ‡Î AšÍ‡i I †gŠwLKfv‡e me©ve¯’vq c`cÖv_©bv
ˆea n‡e| hvi `jxj bexRx Gi GKwU nv`xm, ÔCl©v737 ïay `yB e¨w³i Dci Kiv
hvq| cÖ_g H e¨w³i Dci hv‡K Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv m¤ú‡`i cÖvPzh© `vb K‡i Zv n‡Ki
c‡_ e¨q Kivi ZvIdxK w`‡q‡Qb| wØZxq H e¨w³ hv‡K Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv cÖÁv `vb
K‡i‡Qb Ges †m Zv Abyhvqx gvby‡li gv‡S wePvi-gxgvsmv K‡i Ges Aci‡K Zv wkÿv
†`q|Ó738
cwi‡k‡l hdi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺷﺄن اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء واﻟﻜﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻷوﻟﻴﺎء ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ‬،‫ﻓﻤﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪم اﻟﺘﻮاﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺳﺆاﻟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎرة‬
‫ وﻻ اﻟﺤﺮص ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻀﻼ‬،‫ وﻣﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺰ ﻟﻪ إرادﺗﻬﺎ وﻻ ﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ‬،‫ﺳﺆاﻟﻬﺎ وﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﻋﻦ ﺳﺆاﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎن‬
ÒmyZivs †KD hw` webq I bgªZv Aej¤^b K‡i c`cÖv_©x nq, hv wQj ¯^qs bex I
IjxM‡Yi ¸Y, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ c`cÖv_©x nIqv Rv‡qh| Avi †h e¨w³ `yÕwUi
(c`cÖv_©bvi mv‡_ webq I bgªZvi) gv‡S mgš^q mva‡b mÿg n‡e bv Zvi Rb¨
†gŠwLKfv‡e c`cÖv_©bv ˆea nIqv †Zv `~‡ii K_v, Avkv KivI ˆea n‡e bv|Ó739

737 Cl©v e‡j Kv‡iv wbqvg‡Zi Abyiƒc wbqvgZ jv‡fi Avkv Kiv| wbqvgZcÖvß e¨w³ Zv †_‡K ewÂZ nIqvi AvKv•ÿv
Kiv Qvov| Avi wnsmv e‡j †Kvb wbqvgZ Zvi gvwj‡Ki nvZQvov n‡q wnsmy‡Ki n¯ÍMZ nIqvi AvKv•ÿv Kiv| fvj
Kv‡R Cl©v Rv‡qh Z‡e wnsmv †Kvb †ÿ‡ÎB Rv‡qh †bB|
738 mnxn eyLvix: 1/17, gvKZvevZzj Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`, fviZ
739 BÔjvDm mybvb: 15/48, `viæj wKZvwej Bjwgqv,
356 `imyj wdK&n
†gvUK_v, ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq `ywbqvi ¯^v‡_© c` †P‡q †bqv †_‡K weiZ _vKv gywg‡bi
KZ©e¨| nu¨v, hw` †KD Avjøvni mš‘wói D‡Ï‡k¨ Zuvi Øxb‡K mgybœZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ Ges
gymjgv‡bi †gŠwjK nK cÖwZôvi Rb¨ c` cÖv_©bv K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ AeKvk Av‡Q|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv mg¯Í gymjgvb‡K †fv‡Ui kiÔqx weavb †R‡b Avgj Kivi ZvIdxK
`vb Kiæb| Avgxb \

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 21 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
21 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
 357

miKvix AvBb: Avgv‡`i KiYxq

gvIjvbv Avjx AvKei mvÔAv` Uv½vBjx
Avgiv Ggb GKwU iv‡óª emevm Kwi hvi msweavb I AvBb-Kvbyb gvbe iwPZ| gvbe
iwPZ AvBb KL‡bv nq kiqx weav‡bi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© Avevi KL‡bv nq mvsNwl©K, ZvB
Gme AvBb gvbvi kiqx weavb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q cwi®‹vi _vKv DwPZ| eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü G
wel‡q wKQz Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
ivóªcÖavb‡K gvbvi ¸iæZ¡
ivóªcÖavb wbhy³ Kiv nq wbqš¿Y I k„•Ljv eRvq ivLv, HK¨ I GKZv‡K AUzU ivLvi
Rb¨| G welq¸‡jv †hLv‡b hZUv cÖ‡qvRb, †mLv‡b wbqš¿K I Zvi Abymi‡Yi
cÖ‡qvRbI ZZLvwb| Avi GKUv iv‡óª wbqš¿Y I Abymi‡Yi Dcw¯’wZ m‡e©v”P cÖ‡qvRb|
myZivs ivóª w¯’wZkxj myk„•Lj I kw³kvjx ivLvi Rb¨ Avgxi ivóªcÖav‡bi AvbyMZ¨
Acwinvh©| Bgvg mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
FED :‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻬﻢ أن ﻳﻄﻴﻌﻮﻩ ﻟﺌﻼ ﻳﻔﺸﻠﻮا وﻻ ﻳﺘﻨﺎزﻋﻮا‬
Ògymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Kiv KZ©e¨| hv‡Z K‡i Zviv e¨_© bv nq Ges
SMov-weev‡` wjß bv nq| †hgb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Ô‡Zvgiv ci¯úi weev‡` wjß
n‡qv bv| hw` Zv K‡iv, Zvn‡j †Zvgiv e¨_© n‡e|Ó740
ZvB Avgxi ev ivóªcÖav‡bi AvbyMZ¨ Avek¨K K‡i Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 ÑÐÏ ÎÍÌËÊÉÈÇ
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgiv Avjøvn, ivm~j Ges †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ hviv ÔDj~j AvgiÕ
Zv‡`i AvbyMZ¨ Ki|Ó 741

nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi g‡Z (GK eY©bvbyhvqx) ÔDj~j AvgiÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv
ev`kvn ev miKvicÖavb| Avi Ab¨ eY©bvbyhvqx ÔDj~j AvgiÕ Øviv D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv Ijvgv
I dzKvnv|742
Bgvg Avey eKi Rvm&mvm ivn. Dj~j Avg‡ii e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
.‫وﻳﺠﻮز أن ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮا ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ ﻣﺮادﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻵﻳﺔ‬
ÒAvqv‡Z Dj~j Avgi Øviv miKvicÖavb Ges Ijvgv DfqB D‡Ïk¨|Ó743

740 kiû wmqvwij Kvexi: 1/168, nvivKvZzQ QvIivwZj Bmjvwgq¨v, AvdMvwb¯Ívb

741 m~iv wbmv: 57
742 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj Rvmmvm: 3/177, `viæ Bn&BqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
743 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj Rvmmvm: 3/177, `viæ Bn&BqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
358 `imyj wdK&n
DwjøwLZ AvqvZ Øviv my¯úó †h, Bgvg ev miKvicÖav‡bi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv IqvwRe, †hgb
Avjøvn I Zuvi ivm~j Gi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv IqvwRe|
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh.
bexRx †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ وﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺺ اﻷﻣﻴﺮ‬،‫ وﻣﻦ ﻳﻄﻊ اﻷﻣﻴﺮ ﻓﻘﺪ أﻃﺎﻋﻨﻲ‬،‫ وﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺼﻨﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻋﺼﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ﻣﻦ أﻃﺎﻋﻨﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ أﻃﺎع اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻋﺼﺎﻧﻲ‬
Ò‡h e¨w³ Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡jv, †m AvjøvniB AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡jv| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgvi
Aeva¨Zv Ki‡jv, †m AvjøvniB Aeva¨Zv Ki‡jv| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨
Ki‡jv, †m AvgviB AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡jv| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgx‡ii Aeva¨Zv Ki‡jv, †m
AvgviB Aeva¨Zv Ki‡jv|Ó744
nv`xm †_‡K G K_v cwi®‹vi †evSv hvq †h, Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Avjøvn I ivm~j
Gi AvbyM‡Z¨i AšÍf©y³| Ljxdv ev ivóªbvq‡Ki AvbyMZ¨ wb‡Ri cQ›`bxq wel‡q Kiv
†hgb Riæix, †Zgwb wb‡Ri AcQ›`bxq Kv‡RI Kiv Riæix, hZ¶Y ch©šÍ Zvuiv
kixÔAvZ cwicš’x †Kv‡bv Kv‡Ri Av‡`k bv K‡ib| nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K
ewY©Z, bexRx e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻼ ﺳﻤﻊ وﻻ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن أﻣﺮ ﺑﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬،‫ إﻻ أن ﻳﺆﻣﺮ ﺑﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺮء اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ اﻟﺴﻤﻊ واﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ أﺣﺐ وﻛﺮﻩ‬
.‫ﻃﺎﻋﺔ‬
ÒcÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ Avgxi ev ivóªcÖav‡bi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv Acwinvh©, wb‡`©kwU Zvi
gbtc~Z †nvK ev bv †nvK| Z‡e hw` Avgxi †Kvb ¸bv‡ni wb‡`©k †`b, Zvn‡j Zv †kvbv
I gvbv hv‡e bv|Ó745
†gvUK_v, GKUv †`‡ki gv‡S m‡e©v”P cÖ‡qvRb n‡jv wbqš¿Y I k„•Ljv| Ljxdvi
AvbyMZ¨ Qvov Zv m¤¢e bq| ZvB Ljxdvi AvbyMZ¨ Avek¨K| GiciI †KD AvbyMZ¨
¯^xKvi bv Ki‡j ev Agvb¨ Ki‡j kvw¯Í w`‡Z cv‡ib|
Avjøvgv Aveyj nvmvb gvIqv`©x ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﺗﻮﻗﻔﻮا ﻋﻤﺎ أﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ ﻷﻧﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻮازم ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ‬،‫أن ﻳﺴﺎرﻋﻮا إﻟﻰ اﻣﺘﺜﺎل اﻷﻣﺮ واﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻬﻴﻪ وزﺟﺮﻩ‬
.‫ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺗﺄدﻳﺒﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ أﺣﻮاﻟﻬﻢ وﻻ ﻳﻐﻠﻆ‬،‫وأﻗﺪﻣﻮا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻬﺎﻫﻢ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
ÒhLb miKvicÖavb iv‡óªi ¯^v‡_© kixÔAvZm¤§Z bxwZgvjv cÖYqb K‡ib ev †Kvb wel‡q
wb‡lavÁv Av‡ivc K‡ib, ZLb RbM‡Yi KZ©e¨ n‡jv, miKvix wb‡`©kbv ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_
cvjb Kiv, Avi wbwl× welq¸‡jv †_‡K weiZ _vKv| KviY DfqwUB miKv‡ii

744 mnxn gymwjg: 2/124, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

745 mnxn gymwjg: 2/125, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 miKvix AvBb: Avgv‡`i KiYxq 359
AvbyM‡Z¨i AšÍf©y³| Z‡e RbMY hw` wb‡`©k cvjb bv K‡i Ges wb‡lavÁv †_‡K weiZ
bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j AvBb f‡½i Kvi‡Y miKvi Ae¯’v‡f‡` Zv‡`i kvw¯Í w`‡Z cvi‡e|Ó746
gydZx kdx ivn. e‡jb, ÔhLb †Kv‡bv gymwjg iv‡óª me©m¤§wZµ‡g †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Ljxdv
ev ivó&ªbvqK wbe©vwPZ nb, Avi wZwb †`k‡K kiÔqx AvBb †gvZv‡eK cwiPvjbv K‡ib
Ges Ggb †Kv‡bv AvBb cÖYqb bv K‡ib, hv kixÔAvZ cwicš’x, Zvn‡j †m miKv‡ii
AvbyMZ¨ Kiv RbM‡Yi Rb¨ Acwinvh©| Zvi e¨w³MZ Avgj kixÔAvZm¤§Z †nvK ev
bv †nvK|Õ747
ivóªcÖav‡bi b¨vq wRnv‡`i gq`v‡b Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ AZ¨vek¨Kxq| KviY †mLv‡b
wbqš¿Y, k„•Ljv I myôz cwiPvjbv AwZcÖ‡qvRb| Avi †hLv‡b wbqš¿Y I k„•Ljv iÿv
GZUv cÖ‡qvRb bq, †mLv‡b AvbyM‡Z¨i weavbI wkw_j|
hw` †Kvb e¨w³ †Rvic~e©K kvmb ÿgZv wQwb‡q wb‡q Ae¯’vb †M‡o e‡m, Zvn‡j k„•Ljv
iÿv‡_© Zvi AvbyMZ¨I Ki‡Z n‡e, hw` wZwb kixÔAvZ cwicš’x †Kvb Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k
bv †`b|
،‫ وأن ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮوج ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ واﻟﺠﻬﺎد ﻣﻌﻪ‬،‫وﻗﺪ أﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻮب ﻃﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن اﻟﻤﺘﻐﻠﺐ‬
.‫ وﺗﺴﻜﻴﻦ اﻟﺪﻫﻤﺎء‬،‫ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻘﻦ اﻟﺪﻣﺎء‬
ÒdzKvnv‡q †Kivg G e¨vcv‡i GKgZ †h, †Rvic~e©K ¶gZv `LjKvix miKv‡ii
AvbyMZ¨ Kiv Ges Zvi mv‡_ wg‡j `ykg‡bi weiæ‡× hy× Kiv IqvwRe| Zvi AvbyMZ¨
Kiv DËg Zvi weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn Kivi †P‡q| KviY G‡Z i³cvZ †_‡K iÿv cvIqv hvq
Ges RbMY‡K kvšÍ ivLv hvq|Ó748
miKv‡ii AvbyM‡Z¨i mxgv‡iLv
Bmjvgx kixÔAvZ me©`v ga¨gcš’v cQ›` K‡i| evovevwo ev QvovQvwo‡K mg_©b K‡i
bv| ZvB me weav‡bi wbw`©ó mxgv‡iLv i‡q‡Q| Gi gv‡S †_‡KB AvbyM‡Z¨i Av‡`k
Avi mxgvj•Nb‡K wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZvB Avgx‡ii AvbyM‡Z¨iI mxgv Av‡Q, hvi
j•Nb ¸bv‡ni KvR|
G‡ÿ‡Î g~jbxwZ n‡jv AvbyMZ¨ n‡e fvj Kv‡R| Avi `yB ai‡bi Kv‡R AvbyMZ¨ Kiv
hv‡e bv| K. ¸bv‡ni Kv‡R I wb‡Ri aŸsmvZ¥K Kv‡R| L. †Kvb wm×všÍ AKvU¨fv‡e
fzj cÖgvwYZ n‡j|
cÖ_g welq: ¸bvni KvR ej‡Z kixÔAvZ cwicš’x KvR‡KB eySvq| Avi aŸsmvZ¥K
Kv‡R AvbyMZ¨ bv Kivi Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv KvRUvi aŸsmvZ¥K nIqv AKvU¨fv‡e mve¨¯Í
n‡Z n‡e| Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. e‡jb-

746 AvnKvgym myjZvwbqv: 86, `viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi

747 RvIqvwniæj wdKn: 5/454, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
748 ZvKwgjvZz dvZwnj gyjwng: 3/327, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
360 `imyj wdK&n
‫ ﻓﺤﻴﻨﺌﺬ ﻻ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬،‫ أو أﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬،‫إﻻ أن ﻳﺄﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻻ ﻳﻜﺎد ﻳﺨﻔﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺣﺪ أﻧﻪ ﻫﻠﻜﺔ‬
.‫ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ‬
nu¨v, Avgxi ev kvmK RbmvaviY‡K †Kvb my¯úó aŸsmvZ¥K KvR ev ¸bv‡ni Kv‡Ri
wb‡`©k †`b, ZLb G e¨vcv‡i Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e bv|Ó749
GgbwK AwaKvsk e¨w³i ivq hw` Ggb nq †h, KvRwU aŸsmvZ¥K, Zvn‡jI AvbyMZ¨
Kiv hv‡e bv| Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ‬،‫ وﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ أﻛﺜﺮ رأي ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ‬،‫ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺄﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﻳﺨﺎﻓﻮن ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬
.‫ذﻟﻚ ﻓﺈذا ﻛﺎن ﻫﻜﺬا ﻓﻼ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
ÒAvgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Kiv Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ ZZÿY Riæix, hZÿY ch©šÍ Avgxi Zv‡`i
AwaKvs‡ki aviYv Abyhvqx †Kvb aŸsmvZ¥K Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k bv w`‡eb| hLb Ggb †Kvb
Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k w`‡eb, ZLb Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e bv|Ó750
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺄراد ﻧﺎس أن ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﻫﺎ‬،‫ ادﺧﻠﻮﻫﺎ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺄوﻗﺪ ﻧﺎرا‬،‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺑﻌﺚ ﺟﻴﺸﺎ وأﻣﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ رﺟﻼ‬
‫ ﻟﻢ‬،‫ ﻟﻮ دﺧﻠﺘﻤﻮﻫﺎ‬،‫ ﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ أرادوا أن ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻮﻫﺎ‬:‫ ﻓﺬﻛﺮوا ذﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻓﺮرﻧﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬:‫اﻵﺧﺮون‬
.‫ﻳﺰاﻟﻮا ﻓﻴﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬
.‫ إﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬،‫ ﻟﻮ دﺧﻠﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺧﺮﺟﻮا ﻣﻨﻬﺎ أﺑﺪا‬:‫وﻓﻲ رواﻳﺔ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
Òivm~jyjøvn GKwU †mbv`j †cÖiY Ki‡jb Ges GKRb mvnvex‡K Zv‡`i Avgxi
evbv‡jb| Avgxi mv‡ne Av¸b R¡vwj‡q ej‡jb, †Zvgiv Av¸‡b Svuc `vI| wKQz mvnvex
Av¸‡b Svuc †`qvi B”Qv Ki‡jb| Avi wKQz mvnvex ej‡jb, Avgiv G †_‡K weiZ
_vKwQ| mvnvev‡q †Kivg cieZ©x mg‡q G NUbv bexRx †K Rvbv‡jb| hviv Av¸‡b
Svuc †`qvi B”Qv K‡iwQj Zv‡`i‡K jÿ¨ K‡i bexRx ej‡jb, Ôhw` †Zvgiv
751
Av¸‡b Svuc w`‡Z, Zvn‡j wKqvgZ ch©šÍ †mLv‡bB _vK‡Z|Ó
mnxn eyLvixi GK †iIqv‡q‡Z Av‡Q, hw` †Zvgiv †mLv‡b Svuc w`‡Z Zvn‡j KL‡bvB
†mLvb †_‡K †ei n‡Z cvi‡Z bv| AvbyMZ¨ n‡e ïay fvj Kv‡R|Ó752
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. †_‡K G wel‡q Av‡iv GKwU nv`xm ewY©Z Av‡Q-
.‫ إﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬،‫ ﻻ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ اﻟﻠﻪ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib, Ô¸bv‡ni Kv‡R Kv‡iv AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e bv| ïay fvj

749 Avm wmqviæj Kvexi: 1/167, nvivKvZzQ QvIwij Bmjvwgqv, AvdMvwb¯Ívb

750 Avm wmqviæj Kvexi: 1/165, nvivKvZzQ QvIwij Bmjvwgqv, AvdMvwb¯Ívb
751 mybv‡b bvmvqx: 2/166, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
752 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 6612
 miKvix AvBb: Avgv‡`i KiYxq 361
Kv‡RB AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e|Ó753
‫ ﻻ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ إﻧﻤﺎ اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬GB nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx `v.ev.
`yÕwU g~jbxwZi Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zb¥‡a¨ cÖ_gwU n‡jv-
،‫ ﻓﺈن أﻣﺮ اﻷﻣﻴﺮ ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺒﺎح‬،‫ وأن اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﻄﻴﻊ أﻣﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﻮر اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺒﺪأ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ اﻷﻣﻴﺮ‬
‫ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﺔ ﺑﻜﻮن أﻣﺮ‬... ‫ ﺣﺮم ارﺗﻜﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ وإن ﻧﻬﻰ ﻋﻦ أﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﺎح‬،‫وﺟﺒﺖ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺗﻪ‬
‫ ﻷن اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﺔ أﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﻜﻮن اﻷﻣﺮ ﺻﺎدرا ﻋﻦ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻫﻮى أو ﻇﻠﻢ‬،‫اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬
.‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﻄﺎع ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ أﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻮل ﻟﻤﺼﺎﻟﺢ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻻ ﻳﻄﺎع ﻟﺬاﺗﻪ‬
ÒAvgxi ev miKv‡ii AvbyM‡Z¨i †ÿ‡Î g~jbxwZ n‡jv, gymwjg RbM‡Yi Dci Acwinvh©
†h, Zviv †hb ˆea Kv‡R Zv‡`i Avgxi ev miKv‡ii AbyMZ¨ K‡i| myZivs miKvi hw`
gyevn Kv‡Ri Av‡`k †`b, Zvn‡j RbM‡Yi Rb¨ Zv cvjb Kiv Acwinvh©| Avi hw`
miKvi †Kvb ˆea KvR †_‡K wb‡la K‡ib, Zvn‡j Zv eR©b Kiv RbM‡Yi Rb¨ Riæix|
wKš‘ GB AvbyM‡Z¨i Rb¨ kZ© n‡jv, Avgxi ev miKv‡ii Av‡`k †Kvb ˆea Kv‡R n‡Z
n‡e| Ab¨vq Kv‡R n‡Z cvi‡e bv| †Zgwb Zvi Av‡`k RbM‡Yi Kj¨v‡Yi ¯^v‡_© n‡Z
n‡e, wb‡Ri †Lqvj Lywk ev Ryjyg-AZ¨vPv‡ii Av‡`k n‡Z cvi‡e bv| KviY, Avgx‡ii
AvbyMZ¨ Zuvi e¨w³MZ AwaKvi wn‡m‡e bq; eis wZwb RbM‡Yi Kj¨v‡Yi wR¤§v`vi GB
wn‡m‡e|Ó754
myZivs wZwb hw` wb‡Ri †Lqvj-Lywk‡Z †Kvb Av‡`k †`b, hvi g‡a¨ RbM‡Yi Kj¨vY
†bB, Zvn‡j †m ûKzg gvbv Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ Riæix bq| Ab¨ ¯’v‡b wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ ﺑﻞ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻣﺠﺎﻫﺪﺗﻪ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻗﺪر ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺠﻮز ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫إذا وﻗﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎن اﻟﻜﻔﺮ اﻟﺼﺮﻳﺢ‬
ÒhLb miKvi †_‡K ¯úó Kzdix cvIqv hvq, ZLb †m e¨vcv‡i Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv
Rv‡qh †bB| eis mvg_©¨ _vK‡j Zv‡K AcmviY Kiv IqvwRe|Ó755
Avi wRnv‡`i me©wbgœ cwigvY n‡jv kixÔAv‡Zi †Ljvd ûKyg AvnKvg‡K wb‡Ri gv‡S
ev¯ÍevwqZ bv Kiv I kixÔAv‡Zi bvdigvbx bv Kiv| Avi hZ`~i m¤¢e Zvi weiæ‡×
e¨e¯’v †bqv cÖ‡Z¨K RbM‡Yi mvg_©¨ Abymv‡i KZ©e¨|Ó756
Z‡e miKvi hw` Ggb AvBb cvk K‡i hv kixÔAvZ cwicš’x, †hgb nR¡ mn Av‡iv
A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB Qwei Avek¨KZv| A_P Qwe DVv‡bv A‰ea| G mKj †ÿ‡Î me©vZ¥K
†Póv Ki‡Z n‡e A‰ea KvR †_‡K wb‡R‡K euvPv‡bvi, hZUzKz m¤¢e weKí cš’v Aej¤^b
Kivi| Z‡e Dcvq bv _vK‡j wbZvšÍB hZUzKz cÖ‡qvRb ZZUzKz MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

753 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 3424

754 ZvKwgjvZz dvZwnj gyjwng: 3/323-324, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
755 ZvKwgjvZz dvZwnj gyjwng: 3/327, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
756 Rv‡gDj dvZvIqv 8/344, G`vivZz ZvjxdvwZ Avkivwdqv, gyjZvb, cvwK¯Ívb
362 `imyj wdK&n
wØZxq welq n‡jv: †Kvb wm×všÍ hw` AKvU¨fv‡e fzj cÖgvwYZ nq, Zvn‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î
AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e bv| Bgvg mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﻻ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن وﺟﻪ اﻟﺨﻄﺄ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﻨﺎ‬،‫إﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻟﻸﻣﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬
Ò‡Kvb ¸bv‡ni Kv‡R †mbvm`m¨MY (Aaxb¯ÍMY) †mbvcwZi (`vwqZ¡kx‡ji) AvbyMZ¨
Ki‡e bv| Abyiƒc my¯úó †Kvb fzj Kv‡RI AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e bv|Ó757
miKvix AvBb gvbvi iƒc‡iLv
ivóªxq AvBb kixÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K nIqvi `yÕwU iƒc i‡q‡Q| h_v:
1. gyevn, DËg ev gZwe‡ivac~Y© †Kv‡bv weav‡bi m‡½ mvsNwl©K n‡e|
2. AKvU¨ †Kvb weav‡bi m‡½ mvsNwl©K n‡e|
wØZxq cÖKv‡ii weavb miKvix AvBb gvbvi mxgv‡iLv As‡k Av‡jvPbv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b
ïay cÖ_g cÖKv‡ii Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡”Q|
cÖ_g cÖKv‡ii ûKzg: miKvi hLb ivóª myôzfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ ev RbM‡Yi
Kj¨v‡Yi ¯^v‡_© Ggb †Kv‡bv AvBb cÖYqb K‡i, †h e¨vcv‡i kixÔAvZ bxie, A_ev
†Kvb DËg Kv‡Ri we‡iva nq, †hgb ighvb gv‡m hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv DËg, Z‡e miKvi
RbM‡Yi Kj¨vYv‡_© hw` ighv‡bi c~‡e© ev c‡i hvKvZ Av`vq Kivi AvBb K‡i, Zvn‡j
RbM‡Yi Rb¨ †m AvBb gvbv Riæix| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn.e‡jb-
.‫ وﺟﺐ‬،‫اذا أﻣﺮ اﻹﻣﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻴﺎم ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ أﻳﺎم اﻟﻤﻨﻬﻴﺔ‬
Òwbwl× w`b¸‡jv e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb w`‡b Avgxi hw` †ivhv ivLvi wb‡`©k †`b, Zvn‡j
†ivhv ivLv IqvwRe|Ó758
A_P G w`b¸‡jv‡Z †ivhv ivLv gy¯Ívnve| wKš‘ Avgxi Av‡`k Rvwi Kivi Kvi‡Y IqvwRe
n‡e| Ggwbfv‡e Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb Avwd›`x ivn. e‡jb-
‫وﻗﺪ أﺧﺬ اﻟﺒﻴﺮي ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻮل أﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ أﻣﺮ أﻫﻞ ﺑﻠﺪة ﺑﺼﻴﺎم أﻳﺎم ﺑﺴﺒﺐ اﻟﻐﻼء أو اﻟﻮﺑﺎء وﺟﺐ‬
.‫ واﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ أﻋﻠﻢ‬،‫اﻣﺘﺜﺎل أﻣﺮﻩ‬
ÒBgvg weÕix ivn. c~‡e©vwjøwLZ e³e¨mg~n †_‡K G ivq MÖnY K‡i‡Qb †h, Avgxi ev
miKvi hw` †`kevmx‡K Pov `ªe¨g~j¨ ev `ywf©‡¶i Kvi‡Y wKQz w`b †ivhv ivLvi wb‡`©k
†`b, Zvn‡j †m Av‡`k ‡g‡b ‡bIqv RbM‡Yi Rb¨ Acwinvh©|Ó759
Z‡e miKvix AvBb ZLbB ‡g‡b ‡bIqv Riæix, hLb Zv RbMY ev iv‡óªi Kj¨v‡Y Kiv
n‡e| kvm‡Ki †Lqvj-Lywk I Ryjyg wbh©vZ‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ n‡e bv|
†Kvb miKvix AvB‡bi e¨vcv‡i hw` mwVKfv‡e Rvbv bv _v‡K †h, †m AvBb DcKvix bv
757 kiûm wmqvwij Kvexi: 1/168, nvivKvZzQ QvIwij Bmjvwgqv, AvdMvwb¯Ívb
758 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 1/792, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
759 KziivZz Dq~wbj AvLqvi (dvZvIqv‡q kvgx 12): 2/54, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 miKvix AvBb: Avgv‡`i KiYxq 363
ÿwZKi ev welqwU gZwe‡ivac~Y© nq, Zvn‡j Ggb AvB‡bi e¨vcv‡i kixÔAv‡Zi wb‡`©k
n‡jv, †m AvBb gvbvI RbM‡Yi R‡b¨ Acwinvh©| GQvov ¯^Ztwm× K_v n‡jv
BL‡Zjvdx †Kvb wel‡q hw` Avgxi ev miKvi GK w`K MÖnY K‡i Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨
gvbvi wb‡`©k Rvwi K‡i, Zvn‡j BL‡Zjvdx welq nIqvi Kvi‡Y wfbœ g‡Zi Dci Avgj
Kivi my‡hvM _v‡K bv| eis miKvi KZ…©K M„nxZ gZB Avgj‡hvM¨ n‡e| Bgvg gynv¤§`
ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻠﻴﻄﻴﻌﻮا‬،‫ وﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﻮل ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﺠﺎة‬،‫ ﻓﻤﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﻮل ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬،‫وإن ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ اﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻴﻦ‬
.‫اﻷﻣﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ‬
Òhw` †Kvb Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i RbMY `yB `‡j wef³ n‡q hvq, Kv‡iv g‡Z KvRwU
aŸsmvZ¥K, Kv‡iv g‡Z KvRwU‡Z gyw³ i‡q‡Q, Zvn‡j Ggb Kv‡R Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨
Ki‡Z n‡e|Ó760
Bgvg mvivLmx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷن ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺑﻨﺺ‬،‫أن اﻷﻣﻴﺮ إذا أﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺸﻲء ﻻ ﻳﺪرون أﻳﻨﺘﻔﻌﻮن ﺑﻪ أم ﻻ؟ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﻢ أن ﻳﻄﻴﻌﻮﻩ‬
.‫ﻣﻘﻄﻮع ﺑﻪ‬
ÒAvgxi ev kvmK hLb Ggb †Kvb Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k †`b, †h KvR Øviv DcKvi n‡e, bv
ÿwZ n‡e Rvbv hvq bv, Ggb wb‡`©k gvb¨ Kiv Rbmvavi‡Yi Rb¨ IqvwRe| †Kbbv,
Zv‡`i AvbyMZ¨ Kiv Acwinvh© cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q AKvU¨ `jxj Øviv|Ó761

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯ÍvR, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
08 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

760 Avm wmqviæj Kvexi: 1/166, nvivKvZzQ QvIwij Bmjvwgqv, AvdMvwb¯Ívb

761 Avm wmqviæj Kvexi: 1/165, nvivKvZzQ QvIwij Bmjvwgqv, AvdMvwb¯Ívb
364

Av‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjvi kiÔqx weavb

gvIjvbv Avãyi inxg bIMuv
Bmjvg kvwšÍi ag©| kvwšÍ I k„•Ljv AUzU ivLvi R‡b¨ KL‡bv KL‡bv wRnv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb
nq| GB wRnv` n‡Z n‡e kixÔAvZ KZ…©K wba©vwiZ wbqgbxwZi Av‡jv‡K| ejvevûj¨,
wRnv‡`i c×wZ cwieZ©bkxj| hy‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ wRnv‡`i †KŠkj cwieZ©b n‡Z
_v‡K| wRnv‡`i eûj cÖPwjZ GKwU †KŠkj n‡jv ÔAv‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjvÕ| G †KŠk‡ji
ûeû bRxi c~e©eZ©x wKZv‡e we¯ÍvwiZ bv _vKvq kiÔqx e¨vL¨vi w`K †_‡K wKQzUv
RwUjZvi iƒc wb‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ ms‡¶‡c kixÔAv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
Bmjvg GKRb gvbyl‡K m¤§vb K‡i| GKRb gvby‡li Rxeb‡K c~Y© gh©v`v †`q| eis
kixÔAv‡Zi †gŠwjK D‡Ï‡k¨i gv‡S gvby‡li Rvb msi¶‡Yi we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ I f~wgKv
i‡q‡Q| ZvB †Kvb e¨w³ wb‡Ri Rvb euvPv‡bvi R‡b¨ A‡b¨i mv‡_ hy× Ki‡Z cv‡i|
GB hy× K‡i K‡i wbnZ n‡j Bmjvg Zv‡K kvnv`v‡Zi gh©v`v w`‡q‡Q| m‡e©vcwi Bmjvg
Pvq bv GKR‡bi Rvb webó n‡q hvK| ZvB Bmjvg K‡Vvi ûuwkqvix D”PviY K‡i‡Q,
†hb †Kvb e¨w³ wb‡Ri Rvb wb‡RB aŸsm bv K‡i| AvZ¥nZ¨v I AvZ¥nZ¨vKvixi
e¨vcv‡i A‡bK wb‡lavÁv i‡q‡Q| ivm~j Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-
.‫ﻣﻦ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺑﺸﻲء ﻋﺬب ﺑﻪ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬
Òhw` †KD †Kvb wRwbm Øviv AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i, Zvn‡j wKqvg‡Zi w`b H wRwbm ØvivB
Zv‡K Avhve †`qv n‡e|Ó762
kixÔAv‡Z AvZ¥nZ¨vi †Kvb ¯’vb †bB| c¶všÍ‡i wRnv‡` wb‡Ri Rvb e¨envi Kivi
Drmvn I ûKzg †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges G K_vI ejv n‡q‡Q †h, Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Rvbœv‡Zi
cwie‡Z© gywg‡bi Rvb gvj µq K‡i‡Qb| Bikv` n‡q‡Q-

¶µ´³²±°¯®¬«ª©¨§
¹¸
ÒAvjøvn ZvÔAvjv µq K‡i wb‡q‡Qb gywgb‡`i †_‡K Zuv‡`i Rvb I gvj GB g~‡j¨ †h,
Zuv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q RvbœvZ| Zuviv hy× K‡i Avjøvni c‡_; AZtci nZ¨v K‡i I wbnZ
nq|Ó763
A_©vr Avjøvn wb‡RB †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb †h, gywgb‡`i Rvb-gvj Øx‡bi ¯^v‡_© e¨envi n‡e|

762 mnxn gymwjg: 1/72

763 m~iv ZvIev: 111
 Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i kiÔqx weavb 365
Rvb-gvj e¨env‡ii wewfbœ †¶Î i‡q‡Q, hvi P~ovšÍ ch©vq n‡jv wRnv‡` AskMÖnY |
wRnv‡` AskMÖnY K‡i Rvb-gvj e¨env‡ii `yÕwU iƒc n‡Z cv‡i|
1. Ggbfv‡e wRnv‡` Ask †bqv hvi ci Kv‡d‡ii mv‡_ hy× Ki‡Z Ki‡Z GK ch©v‡q
wbivc‡` wd‡i Avmvi m¤¢vebv n‡jI _v‡K| †hgb beex hyM †_‡K GLb ch©šÍ mvaviYZ
†h c×wZ Pvjy Av‡Q Zv‡Z GK ch©v‡q wd‡i Avmvi m¤¢vebv wQj| Z‡e †kl ch©šÍ †KD
wd‡i AvmZ †KD Avjøvni Kv‡Q P‡j †hZ|
G c×wZ Rv‡qh nIqvi e¨vcv‡i Kv‡iv wØgZ †bB| eis Ae¯’v‡f‡` KL‡bv IqvwRe
ev dih n‡q _v‡K|
2. Kv‡d‡ii ¶wZ I aŸsm Kivi Rb¨ Ggbfv‡e wb‡R‡K †ck Kiv hvi ci cybivq
cÖvY wb‡q wd‡i Avmvi †Kvb m¤¢vebv ‡bB| †hgb eZ©gv‡b eûj cÖPwjZ GKwU iƒc
ÔAv‡Z¥vrmM©Õ nvgjv|
G c×wZ‡Z `yÕwU w`K i‡q‡Q| GK. †h‡nZz wbivc‡` wd‡i Avmvi †Kvb m¤¢vebv †bB,
†hgbwU cÖ_g c×wZi gv‡S wQj †m‡nZz GUv evn¨Z GK ch©v‡q AvZ¥nZ¨vi AvIZvq
c‡o, hv me©ve¯’vq wb‡la| `yB. Bmjvg wRnv‡` wb‡R‡K †ck Kivi e¨vcK Drmvn
w`‡q‡Q| G †¶‡Î KziAvb I nv`x‡m my¯úó †Kvb mxgv†iLv e‡j †`qv nqwb| eis
AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi e¨vcKZv Ges wKQz mvnvexi Avgj †_‡K AbygwZ ey‡S Av‡m| ZvB
G c×wZI KziAvb nv`x‡mi e¨vcKZvi gv‡S c‡o, hvi mvims‡¶c wb‡gœ D‡jøL Kiv
n‡jv|
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K Av‡Z¥vrmM©
Avjøvn ZvÕAvjv KziAv‡b Kvix‡g Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-

 |{zyxwvutsrqp
Ògvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †jvKI Av‡Q, †h Avjøvni mš‘wó jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ AvZ¥-weµq
K‡i _v‡K| Avjøvn Zuvi ev›`v‡`i cÖwZ AZ¨šÍ `qvevb|Ó764
A_©vr hviv wRnv‡`i gq`v‡b Rxeb wewj‡q wb‡R‡K weµq K‡i _v‡K|765
Avjøvgv KziZzex ivn. ¯^xq Zvdmxi MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡Qb, †Kvb †Kvb gydvm&wmi e‡jb,
AvqvZwU e¨vcK A_©‡evaK| Avjøvni iv¯Ívi cÖ‡Z¨K gyRvwn`, knx` nIqvi Rb¨
wb‡R‡K DrmM©Kvix Ges Lvivc Kv‡R evav`vbKvix mK‡jB G Avqv‡Zi AšÍfy©³|766

764 m~iv evKviv: 207

765 iæûj gvÕAvbx: 2/96, gvKZvev‡q Gg`vw`qv, gyjZvb, cvwK¯Ívb
766 Zvdmx‡i KziZzex: 3/16, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
366 `imyj wdK&n
Be‡b Kvmxi ivn. G gZwU‡K AwaKvsk gydvmmx‡ii gZ e‡j‡Qb|767
Be‡b Kvmxi ivn. G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z wM‡q bKj K‡ib, GKevi wnkvg Be‡b
Av‡gi ivwh. kÎæ evwnbxi `yB KvZv‡ii gv‡S nvgjv Ki‡j wKQy †jvK Gi we‡ivwaZv
K‡i| ZLb nhiZ Igi 768 ivwh. nhiZ Avey ûivqiv 769 ivwh. mn Ab¨vb¨iv
AvcwËKvix e¨w³‡`i gZ cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i GB AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ K‡ib-

 |{zyxwvutsrqp
Ògvbyl‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †jvKI Av‡Q, †h Avjøvni mš‘wó jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ AvZ¥-weµq
K‡i _v‡K| Avjøvn Zvui ev›`v‡`i cÖwZ AZ¨šÍ `qvevb|Ó770
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Ab¨ Avqv‡Z Bikv` K‡ib-

 ¤£¢¡~}|{
ÒmyZivs Avjøvni c‡_ hy× Ki; †Zvgv‡K ïay †Zvgvi wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© `vqx Kiv n‡e|Ó771
Zv‡eÔqx Avey BmnvK ivn. e‡jb, GKevi Avwg nhiZ eviv Be‡b Av‡he ivwh. †K
wRÁvmv Kijvg, hw` †Kvb e¨w³ GKvB gykwiK‡`i Dci AvµgY K‡i, Z‡e †m wK H
e¨w³i weav‡b AšÍ©fy³ n‡e, †h wbR nv‡Z wb‡R‡K aŸs‡mi w`‡K †V‡j †`q? Dˇi
wZwb e‡jb, bv| †Kbbv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zvi ivm~j †K †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Ges
e‡j‡Qb-

 ¤£¢¡~}|{

767 Zvdmx‡i Be‡b Kvmxi: 1/369, `viæ Bebyj RvIhx, Kvq‡iv

768 nhiZ Igi ivwh. Gi WvK bvg wQ‡jv Avey nvdm| Avi cÖKZ … bvg wQ‡jv Igi Bebyj LvËve| Dcvwa wQ‡jv Avj
dviæK| beyIq¨v‡Zi 5g ev 6ô eQ‡i wZwb Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib hLb gymjgvb‡`i msL¨v gvÎ Pwjøk †_‡K cÂvkRb
wQ‡jv| cÖ_g Ljxdv nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh. Gi B‡šÍKv‡ji ci wZwb Bmjv‡gi wØZxq Ljxdv wbhy³ nb| `xN© mv‡o
`k eQi AZ¨šÍ `ÿZvi mv‡_ †LjvdZ cwiPvjbv K‡ib| 23 wnRixi 26 whjnR¡ eyaevi w`b g`xbvq gyMxiv Be‡b
ïÔev ivwh. Gi †Mvjvg Avey jyÕjy Gi ek©vi AvNv‡Z ¸iæZi AvnZ nb| Ae‡k‡l 63 eQi eq‡m 24 wnRixi 10
gynviig iweev‡i kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 622
769 nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. Gi bv‡gi e¨vcv‡i HwZnvwmK‡`i gv‡S gZwe‡iva i‡q‡Q| cÖwm× gZvbyhvqx Bmjvg

c~e©Rxe‡b Zuvi bvg wQ‡jv Ave‡` kvg&m ev Ave‡` Avgi Avi Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi ci Zuvi bvg ivLv nq Avãyjøvn ev Avãyi
ingvb| Zuvi wcZvi bvg wQ‡jv QLi| LvBevi hy‡×i eQi wZwb Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib Ges LvBevi hy‡× AskMÖnY
K‡ib| AwZkq ÿzavZ© Ae¯’vqI wZwb Bjg A‡š^l‡Yi AvMÖ‡n bexRxi `iev‡i c‡o _vK‡Zb| ZvB ‡Zv wZwb me©vwaK
nv`xm eY©bvKvix mvnvex‡`i Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb| Bmjv‡gi e‡iY¨ GB mvnvex 78 eQi eq‡m 57 ev 58 A_ev 59
wnRix m‡b g`xbvq B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| -Avj BKgvj: 622
770 Zvdmx‡i Be‡b Kvmxi: 1/369, `viæ Bebyj RvIhx, Kvq‡iv
771 m~iv wbmv: 84
 Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i kiÔqx weavb 367
ÒmyZivs Avjøvni c‡_ hy× Ki; †Zvgv‡K ïay †Zvgvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ `vqx Kiv n‡e|Ó772
nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Av‡Z¥vrmM©
Dû‡`i w`b A‡bK mvnvev‡q †Kivg GKv kÎæi gv‡S Xz‡K AvµgY K‡ib Ges kvnv`vZ
eiY K‡ib, †hLv‡b wbwðZ g„Zz¨i Avk¼v wQj| ivm~j Zuv‡`i cÖksmvI K‡i‡Qb|
Avbvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮدﻫﻢ ﻋﻨﺎ‬:‫أن رﺳــﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
أﻓﺮد ﻳﻮم أﺣﺪ ﻓﻰ ﺳــﺒﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧﺼــﺎر ورﺟﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮﻳﺶ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ رﻫﻘﻮﻩ ﻗﺎل‬
‫وﻟﻪ اﻟﺠﻨﺔ أو ﻫﻮ رﻓﻴﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﺔ ﻓﺘﻘﺪم رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧﺼـﺎر ﻓﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺘﻞ ﺛﻢ رﻫﻘﻮﻩ أﻳﻀـﺎ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺰل ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
.‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺘﻞ اﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬
ÒDû‡`i w`b ivm~jyjøvn Gi mv‡_ mvZRb Avbmvix I `yBRb KzivBkx mvnvex
wQ‡jb| GK mgq gykwiKiv ivm~jyjøvn Gi Kv‡Q P‡j Avmj, ZLb wZwb ej‡jb,
†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †K AvQ †h Zv‡`i cÖwZnZ Ki‡e? Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ i‡q‡Q, A_ev †m
Rvbœv‡Z Avgvi mv_x n‡e| ZLb GK Avbmvix mvnvex mvg‡b GwM‡q jovB Ki‡jb
Ges knx` n‡q †M‡jb AZtci Avevi Zviv ivm~j Gi Kv‡Q P‡j Avm‡j G‡K
G‡K mvZRbB knx` n‡q †M‡jb|Ó 773

Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-

‫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻨﺔ ﻓﺄﻟﻘﻰ ﺗﻤﺮات ﻓﻲ ﻳﺪﻩ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎﺗﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ‬:‫ أرأﻳﺖ إن ﻗﺘﻠﺖ ﻓﺄﻳﻦ أﻧﺎ؟ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗﺎل رﺟﻞ ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﻮم أﺣﺪ‬
.‫ﻗﺘﻞ‬
ÒDû‡`i w`b GK mvnvex ivm~j †K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Avwg hw` wbnZ nB, Z‡e
Avwg †Kv_vq hve? ivm~j ej‡jb, Rvbœv‡Z| ZLb wZwb Zuvi nv‡Zi †LRyi¸‡jv
wb‡¶c K‡i cÖPÛ †e‡M nvgjv Ki‡jb Ges knx` n‡q †M‡jb|Ó774
‫ وﻳﻠﻘﻮﻩ‬،‫ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﻨﺔ رﻣﺎﺣﻬﻢ‬،‫وﺑﻠﻐﻨﺎ أن اﻟﺒﺮاء ﻳﻮم ﺣﺮب ﻣﺴﻴﻠﻤﺔ اﻟﻜﺬاب أﻣﺮ أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ أن ﻳﺤﺘﻤﻠﻮﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮس‬
775.‫ وﻗﺎﺗﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ اﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺤﺪﻳﻘﺔ‬،‫ وﺷﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻗﺘﺤﻢ إﻟﻴﻬﻢ‬.‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﻘﺔ‬

ÒnhiZ eviv Be‡b gv‡jK ivwh. gymvqjvgv Kvhhv‡ei mv‡_ hy‡×i w`b mv_x‡`i‡K
ek©vi AvMvq Xvj †i‡L Zuv‡K Zvi Dci ewm‡q evMv‡bi g‡a¨ Qzu‡o w`‡Z ej‡jb|
AZtci wZwb Zv‡`i gv‡S Xy‡K cÖPÛ †e‡M AvµgY Ki‡jb Ges Zv‡`i nZ¨v K‡i

772 Zvdmx‡i Be‡b Kvmxi: 2/238, `viæ Bebyj RvIhx, Kvq‡iv

773 mnxn gymwjg: 2/107
774 mnxn eyLvix: 2/579

.‫ رواﻩ اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺴﻨﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى« ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬775

368 `imyj wdK&n
evMv‡bi `iRv Ly‡j w`‡jb|Ó776
Av‡Z¥vrmM© I dzKvnv‡q †Kivg
Av‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjvi GKwU iƒc n‡jv wecyj msL¨K Kv‡d‡ii gv‡S Xy‡K cov| Gfv‡e
nvgjv m¤ú‡K© Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. e‡j‡Qb, hw` †Kvbfv‡e gymjgvb‡`i DcKvi I
Kv‡d‡ii ¶wZ nq Zvn‡j GiKg nvgjv Kiv hv‡e| †hgb Bgvg Avey eKi Rvmmvm
ivn. Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi gZ Gfv‡e D‡jøL K‡ib-
‫ ﻟﻢ‬،‫ﻓﺈن ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ اﻟﺸﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ ذﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ أن رﺟﻼ ﻟﻮ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻟﻒ رﺟﻞ و ﻫﻮ وﺣﺪﻩ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﻄﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺠﺎة و ﻻ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻲ أﻛﺮﻩ ﻟﻪ‬،‫ﻳﻜﻦ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺑﺄس إذا ﻛﺎن ﻳﻄﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺠﺎة أو ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ‬
.‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻋﺮض ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ذﻟﻚ‬
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﻄﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ‬،‫و إﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻠﺮﺟﻞ أن ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻫﺬا إذا ﻛﺎن ﻳﻄﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺠﺎة أو ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
ِّ ‫ﻧﺠﺎة و ﻻ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ و ﻟﻜﻨﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﻘﺘﻠﻮن و ﻳﻨﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪو‬،‫ﻳﺠﺮىء اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮا ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺪو و ﻻ ﻳﻄﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺠﺎة ﻟﻢ أر‬،‫ﻓﻼ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺬﻟﻚ إن ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫ و أرﺟﻮ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﺄﺟﻮرا‬...‫ﺑﺄﺳﺎ أن ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
‫ و إن ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﻄﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺠﺎة و ﻻ ﻧﻜﺎﻳﺔ‬، ‫و إﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ ﻟﻪ ذﻟﻚ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ‬
.‫ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻷن ﻫﺬا أﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﻨﻜﺎﻳﺔ و ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫و ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﻫﺐ اﻟﻌﺪو‬
Ògynv¤§` Bebyj nvmvb Avk kvqevbx ivn. wmqv‡i Kvex‡i D‡jøL K‡ib, GKRb †jvK
hw` GK nvRvi †jv‡Ki Dci nvgjv K‡i G‡Z †Kvb Amyweav †bB hw` ‡m wb‡Ri gyw³i
Avkv iv‡L wKsev kÎæ‡`i AvnZ Kivi Avkvev`x nq| Avi hw` †m wb‡Ri gyw³ ev
kÎæ‡`i ¶wZ Kivi Avkvev`x bv nq, Zvn‡j Avwg Zvi Rb¨ G KvRwU‡K AcQ›` Kwi|
†Kbbv G‡Z gymjgvb‡`i †Kvb dvq`v Qvov wb‡R‡K aŸs‡mi Rb¨ †ck Kiv nq|
GKRb e¨w³i Rb¨ G ai‡bi nvgjv ZLbB mgxPxb n‡e hLb †m Zvi nvgjv Øviv
wb‡R wbivc‡` wd‡i Avmv I gymjgvb‡`i DcKvi nIqvi Avkv ivL‡e| hw` Ggb
Avkv bv _v‡K, wKš‘ kÎæ‡`i ¶wZ mva‡bi Rb¨ Zvi gZ nvgjv Kivi cÖwZ Ab¨‡`i‡K
DrmvwnZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ nq Zvn‡j kiÔqx †Kvb mgm¨v †bB| †Kbbv hw` kÎæ‡`i ¶wZ
Kivi Avkv _v‡K, wKš‘ wb‡R‡K gy³ Kivi Avkv bv _v‡K, Zvn‡jI Avwg Zv‡`i Dci
nvgjv Ki‡Z †Kvb Amyweav g‡b Kwi bv Ges Avwg Avkv Kwi GB nvgjvi Kvi‡Y †m
cÖwZ`vb cv‡e| Avi hLb nvgjvi Øviv †Kvb dvq`v bv nq, ZLb AvµgY Kiv gvKiƒn|
hw` wb‡Ri gyw³i ev Zv‡`i ¶wZi †Kvb Avkv bv _v‡K wKš‘ Gi Øviv kÎæ‡`i fxwZ
cÖ`k©b Kiv hvq Zvn‡j G nvgjv‡ZI †Kvb Amyweav †bB| †Kbbv GUvB †Zv me‡P‡q

776 wmqviæ AvÔjvwgb byevjv: 3/124, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

 Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i kiÔqx weavb 369
†ewk ¶wZ Ges G‡Z gymjgvb‡`i DcKviI wbwnZ|Ó777
Bgvg Rvm&mvm ivn. Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi gZ mg_©b K‡i e‡jb-
‫ﺗﺄول ﻓﻲ‬
ّ ‫ و ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﺗﺄوﻳﻞ ﻣﻦ‬،‫واﻟﺬي ﻗﺎل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻏﻴﺮﻩ‬
‫ وإذا‬،‫ ﺑﺤﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪو إذ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬،‫ أﻧﻪ أﻟﻘﻰ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬:‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ أﺑﻲ أﻳﻮب‬
‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا‬،‫ ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﺋﺪة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ و ﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻛﺎن ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬
...‫ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠﻒ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻋﺎﺋﺪة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻬﺬا ﻣﻘﺎم ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺪح اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ‬
‫﴾ ﻓﻲ‬xwvutsrqp﴿ :‫﴾وﻗﺎل‬rqpo﴿
‫اﻫـ‬. ‫ﻧﻈﺎﺋﺮ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ اﻵي اﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺪح اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺬل ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻟﻠﻪ‬
ÒBgvg gynv¤§` ivn. †h mKj m~iZ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb G¸‡jv mnxn| G¸‡jv e¨ZxZ wfbœ
m~iZ Rv‡qh †bB| Avi DwjøwLZ weeiY Øviv e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡e H e¨w³i K_v‡K, whwb
Avey AvBq~e ivwh. Gi eiv‡Z ewY©Z nv`x‡m yx  wvut Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v
Gfv‡e K‡i‡Qb †h, kÎæ‡`i Dci nvgjv K‡i wb‡R‡K aŸs‡mi gy‡L †V‡j w`‡q‡Q |
‡h‡nZz †Kvb DcKvik~b¨ n‡j Zv‡`i g‡Z G‡Z †Kvb dvq`v ‡bB| hLb welqwU GgbB
ZLb Øxb I gymjgvb‡`i †Kvb dvq`v Qvov wb‡Ri Rxeb‡K aŸsm Kiv DwPr bq| Avi
hLb wb‡R‡K aŸsm Kivi g‡a¨ Øx‡bi dvq`v _v‡K, ZLb GUv n‡e Ggb GK gh©v`vc~Y©
KvR, hvi cÖksmv ¯^qs Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv K‡i‡Qb| (Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb) Zviv (hviv
Øx‡bi dvq`vi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K DrmM© K‡i w`‡q‡Q) Zv‡`i cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU wiwhKcÖvß
n‡e|778
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Av‡iv e‡jb, ÔwKQz gvbyl Ggb Av‡Q hviv Avjøvni mš‘wói Rb¨ wb‡R‡K
wewµ K‡i w`‡q‡Q|Õ779
G ai‡bi Av‡iv A‡bK Avqv‡Z Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡`i cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb, hviv Avjøvni
mš‘wói Rb¨ wb‡R‡`i Rxeb wemR©b w`‡q‡Q|Ó780
Avjøvgv hdi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn. BÔjvDm mybv‡b G m¤ú‡K© ¯^Zš¿ GKwU Aa¨vq K‡i
e‡jb-
‫وأﻣﺎ ﻣﺴــﺄﻟﺔ ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪد اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺪو ﻓﺼــﺮح اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮر ﺑﺄﻧﻪ إن ﻛﺎن ﻟﻔﺮط ﺷــﺠﺎﻋﺘﻪ وﻇﻨﻪ‬
‫أﻧﻪ ﻳﺮﻫﺐ اﻟﻌﺪو ﺑﺬﻟﻚ أو ﻳﺠﺮئ اﻟﻤﺴــﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ وﻧﺤﻮ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺻــﺪ اﻟﺼــﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﺴــﻦ وﻣﺘﻰ‬

777 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj Rvm&mvm: 1/327, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
778 m~iv Avj Bgivb: 169
779 m~iv evKviv: 207
780 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj Rvm&mvm: 1/327-328, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
370 `imyj wdK&n
.‫ﻛﺎن ﻣﺠﺮد ﺗﻬﻮر ﻓﻤﻤﻨﻮع وﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ إن ﺗﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ وﻫﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ واﻟﻠﻪ أﻋﻠﻢ‬
Òwekvj evwnbxi Dci GKv AvµgY Kivi gvmAvjv m¤ú‡K© Rgûi dzKvnv‡q †Kivg
ivn. Gi gZ n‡jv, hw` Zvi exi‡Z¡i Kvi‡Y Zvi gv‡S cÖej aviYv nq †h, †m `ykg‡bi
gv‡S fxwZ m„wó Ki‡Z cvi‡e, G ai‡bi mr D‡Ï‡k¨ n‡j, Zv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| Avi hw`
ïay aŸsmg~jK nvgjv nq Zvn‡j Rv‡qh n‡e bv| we‡kl K‡i hw` Zvi Kvi‡Y
gymjgvb‡`i gv‡S `ye©jZv P‡j Av‡m|Ó781
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. kiûm wmqv‡ii DׄwZ‡Z e‡jb-
‫ذﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح اﻟﺴﻴﺮ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺑﺄس أن ﻳﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ وﺣﺪﻩ وإن ﻇﻦ أﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﺘﻞ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﺑﻘﺘﻞ أو‬
،‫ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻓﻌﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﺪي رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻮم أﺣﺪ وﻣﺪﺣﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫ﺑﺠﺮح أو ﺑﻬﺰم‬
‫ ﻻﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺼﻞ ﺑﺤﻤﻠﺘﻪ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ إﻋﺰاز‬،‫ﻓﺄﻣﺎ إذا ﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻜﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻞ ﻟﻪ أن ﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬
.‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
ÒwbnZ nIqvi cÖej aviYv _vKv m‡Ë¡I GKv GK e¨w³ kÎæi Dci nvgjv Ki‡Z
cvi‡e, hw` †m `ykgb‡K nZ¨v, AvnZ A_ev civ¯Í Kivi gva¨‡g †Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡Z
cv‡i| †Kbbv A‡bK mvnvex ivwh. Dû‡`i w`b ivm~j Gi mvg‡b G ai‡bi nvgjv
K‡i‡Qb Ges ûRyi Zv‡`i cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb| Avi hw` G aviYv nq †h, †m Zv‡`i
†Kvb ¶wZ mvab Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv, Z‡e Zvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i Dci nvgjv Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e
bv| †Kbbv Zvi GB nvgjvi Øviv Øx‡bi †Kvb dvq`v n‡e bv|Ó782
Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i kZ©mg~n
KziAvb, nv`xm I dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi Dc‡ivwjøwLZ eY©bv †_‡K eySv hvq †h, Av‡Z¥vrmM©
nvgjv Rv‡qh, Z‡e wKQz k‡Z©i mv‡_|
1. wbqZ mnxn nIqv| Z_v BÔjv‡q KvwjgvZzjøvn, Øx‡bi m¤§vb I gh©v`v e„w× j¶¨
n‡Z n‡e| hw` `ywbqvex †Kvb dvq`v nvwm‡ji Rb¨ nq, Zvn‡j Rv‡qh n‡e bv|
2. AvµgYKvixi cÖej aviYv _vKv †h, Zvi GB nvgjvi Øviv kÎæi ¶wZ mvwaZ n‡e|
3. †h †Kvbfv‡e Zvi nvgjv Øviv gymjvgvb‡`i DcKvi n‡Z n‡e|
GKwU mskq I Zvi wbimb
†KD †KD GKwU Avqv‡Zi evwn¨K A_© †_‡K Av‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjv‡K AvZ¥NvZx e‡j
_v‡Kb| A_P DfqwUi gv‡S cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| G wel‡q mskq I Zvi wbimb wb‡gœ
Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|

781 BÔjvDm mybvb: 12/28-29, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

782 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 6/206, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i kiÔqx weavb 371
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv KziAv‡b Kvix‡g Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-

yx wvutsrqp
Ò†Zvgiv Avjøvni c‡_ e¨q Ki Ges wb‡R‡`i nv‡Z wb‡R‡`i‡K aŸs‡mi g‡a¨ wb‡¶c
K‡iv bv|Ó783
Dc‡iv³ AvqvZ Øviv A‡b‡K Av‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjv bvRv‡qh nIqvi `jxj †ck K‡i
e‡jb, Av‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjv AvZ¥nZ¨vi AšÍf©y³| A‡bK mvnvex G ai‡bi e¨vL¨vi AvcwË
K‡i Ab¨ e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb| Avey Bgivb Avmjvg ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb-
‫ﻏﺰوﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ اﻟﻘﺴﻄﻨﻄﻴﻨﻴﺔ وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ واﻟﺮوم ﻣﻠﺼﻘﻮ ﻇﻬﻮرﻫﻢ‬
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬.‫ ﻣﻪ ﻣﻪ ﻻ إﻟﻪ إﻻ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻳﻠﻘﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻳﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ‬: ‫ﺑﺤﺎﺋﻂ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻓﺤﻤﻞ رﺟﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪو ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ ﻫﻠﻢ ﻧﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻰ‬: ‫ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ ﻣﻌﺸﺮ اﻷﻧﺼﺎر ﻟﻤﺎ ﻧﺼﺮ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻧﺒﻴﻪ وأﻇﻬﺮ اﻹﺳﻼم ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‬: ‫أﺑﻮ أﻳﻮب‬
‫﴾ ﻓﺎﻹﻟﻘﺎء ﺑﺎﻷﻳﺪى إﻟﻰ‬yx wvutsrqp﴿ ‫أﻣﻮاﻟﻨﺎ وﻧﺼﻠﺤﻬﺎ ﻓﺄﻧﺰل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
.‫اﻟﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ أن ﻧﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻰ أﻣﻮاﻟﻨﺎ وﻧﺼﻠﺤﻬﺎ وﻧﺪع اﻟﺠﻬﺎد‬
ÒAvgiv g`xbv †_‡K KzmZzbwZwbqvi D‡Ï‡k¨ hy×hvÎv Kijvg| †ivgvbiv ZLb kn‡ii
cÖvPxi †Nu‡l Ae¯’vb wb‡q‡Q| Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Lv‡j` Be‡b Iqvjx` ivwh. wQ‡jb
`‡ji †mbvcwZ| GK e¨w³ kÎæ‡`i Dci nvgjv Ki‡jv, ZLb †jv‡Kiv ej‡Z jvM‡jv,
_vg! _vg! jv Bjvnv Bjøvjøvn! G e¨w³ ‡Zv wb‡R‡K aŸs‡mi gy‡L †V‡j w`‡q‡Q| ZLb
nhiZ Avey AvBq~e Avbmvix ivwh. ej‡jb, G AvqvZwU AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Avgiv Avbmvix
mvnvex‡`i †ÿ‡Î, hLb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv ¯^xq bex‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡jb Ges Bmjvg‡K
cÖKvk Ki‡jb ZLb Avgiv ejjvg, GLb Avgiv Avgv‡`i m¤ú‡`i gv‡S _vK‡ev Ges
†m¸‡jv †`Lv‡kvbv Ki‡ev| ZLb Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv G AvqvZ AeZxY© K‡ib Ô‡Zvgiv
Avjøvni c‡_ LiP Ki Ges wb‡R‡`i‡K aŸs‡mi w`‡K †V‡j w`‡qv bv|Õ myZivs aŸs‡mi
w`‡K †V‡j †`qv n‡jv wb‡R‡`i m¤ú` wb‡q e¨¯Í _vKv, Zv †`Lv‡kvbv Kiv Ges wRnv`
†Q‡o †`qv|Ó784
G nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg Rvmmvm ivn. e‡jb-
‫ﻓﺄﺧﺒﺮ أﺑﻮ أﻳﻮب أن اﻹﻟﻘﺎء ﺑﺎﻷﻳﺪي إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺗﺮك اﻟﺠﻬﺎد ﻓﻲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﻟﻠﻪ وأن اﻵﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ‬
‫وروي ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس وﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ واﻟﺤﺴﻦ وﻗﺘﺎدة وﻣﺠﺎﻫﺪ واﻟﻀﺤﺎك وروي ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺮاء ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎزب وﻋﺒﻴﺪة‬
.‫اﻟﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﻲ اﻹﻟﻘﺎء ﺑﺎﻷﻳﺪي إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﻬﻠﻜﺔ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻴﺄس ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻐﻔﺮة ﺑﺎرﺗﻜﺎب اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ‬

783 m~iv evKviv: 195

784 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 1/340, nv`xm bs 2514, nv`xmwU mnxn
372 `imyj wdK&n
ÒnhiZ Avey AvBq~e ivwh. msev` w`‡jb †h, wb‡R‡K aŸs‡mi w`‡K †V‡j †`qvi A_©
n‡jv Avjøvni c‡_ wRnv` cwiZ¨vM Kiv| AvqvZwU G e¨vcv‡iB AeZxY© n‡q‡Q|
Abyiƒc e¨vL¨v nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm, ûhvBdv ivwh. nvmvb, KvZv`v, gyRvwn` I hvn&nvK
ivn. †_‡KI ewY©Z Av‡Q| nhiZ eviv Be‡b Avwhe I Avex`v mvjgvbx iv. e‡j‡Qb
†h, wb‡R‡K aŸs‡mi gy‡L †V‡j †`qv n‡jv ¸bv‡n wjß nIqvi Kvi‡Y Avjøvni ¶gv
†_‡K wbivk nIqv|Ó785
myZivs G AvqvZ w`‡q Av‡Z¥vrmM© nvgjv A‰ea nIqvi `jxj †ck Kivi my‡hvM †bB|
¯^qs mvnvexivI G Avqv‡Zi evwn¨K A_©†K Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ g‡b K‡ibwb|
ZvB †Kvb e¨w³ hw` Avjøvni mš‘wó Ges Øx‡bi gh©v`v mgybœZ Kivi j‡¶¨ Bmjv‡gi
kÎæ‡`i Dci Ggbfv‡e AvµgY K‡i †h, Zvi g‡a¨ kZfvM g„Zz¨i Avk¼v i‡q‡Q,
ZeyI †m AvZ¥nZ¨vKvix e‡j MY¨ n‡e bv| eis †m kvnv`v‡Zi gh©v`v jvf Ki‡e, †hgb
c~‡e© cÖgvYvw`mn Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
12 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

785 AvnKvgyj KziAvb wjj Rvmmvm: 1/327, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 Av‡Z¥vrm‡M©i kiÔqx weavb 373

Aa¨vq: wewea
374

B‡jKwUªK c×wZ‡Z cÖvYx nZ¨vi weavb

gvIjvbv kvgQzj Bmjvg †gŠjfxevRvi
Bmjvg mKj †¶‡ÎB cwiwgwZ, †mŠ›`h© I myPviæZv cQ›` K‡i Ges Gi wb‡`©kI w`‡q
_v‡K| †hgb cÖvYx R‡en I gvivi †¶‡Î my›`i I mnRZi c×wZ MÖnY Ki‡Z Bmjvg
wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q | eZ©gv‡b B‡jKwUª‡Ki e¨envi e¨vcK nIqvq Gi gva¨‡g cÖvYx nZ¨vi
cÖPjbI ïiæ n‡q‡Q| ZvB e¶¨gvY cÖe‡Ü G msµvšÍ wKQz weavb Zz‡j ai‡ev
Bb&kvAvjøvn|
B‡jKwUªK Av¸‡bi KvQvKvwQ nIqvq wb‡gœ Df‡qi cwiPq I ci¯ú‡ii ga¨Kvi m¤úK©
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
B‡jKwUªK I Av¸b
Av¸b n‡jv ivmvqwbK wewµqv (†hŠwMK c`v_© we‡kl) Gi dj| ivmvqwbK wewµqv
†hLv‡b _v‡K, †mLv‡b Av‡jv I Zvc Drcbœ nq| mvaviYZ mKj ivmvqwbK wewµqvq
Zvc I Av‡jv Drcbœ nq| Z‡e wKQz wewµqvq Zvc Avi wKQz wewµqvq ïay Av‡jv Drcbœ
nq|
we`y¨r n‡jv PvR©xq Kjvi MwZ (A_©vr B‡jKUªb I †cÖvUb hv ¶z`ª ¶z`ª KZ¸‡jv c`v_©)
Gi dj| G¸‡jvi MwZ‡ZB we`y¨r ˆZwi nq| Avi B‡jKUªb me mgq †cÖvU‡bi Zzjbvq
gvBbvm _v‡K|
AwaKvsk †¶‡Î ˆe`y¨wZK kw³ Zvc Drcbœ K‡i Ges G‡Z hw` gvÎvwZwi³ Zvc Drcbœ
nq, ZLb Rvqb wewµqv (Aw·‡Rb) ïiæ nq Ges Av¸b Drcbœ nq|786
A_©vr ¯^vfvweKfv‡e hLb we`y¨r P‡j, ZLb we`y¨r cwievnx Zv‡i Av¸b _v‡K bv| wKš‘
hLbB kK (Shock) nq `yB Zv‡i ev †b‡MwUf-c‡RwUf GKwÎZ nq ZLb we`y¨‡Zi
†h MwZ _v‡K Zv A‡bK †møv n‡q ZvcgvÎv cÖPzi cwigv‡Y †e‡o Av¸b a‡i hvq| ZLb
†mB Av¸b Avi mvaviY Av¸‡b †Kvb cv_©K¨ _v‡K bv|
cÖvYx nZ¨vi c×wZ I weavb
†Kvb cÖvYx (†hgb weovj, KzKzi, wcucov, Rwg‡b wePiYkxj KxU-cÖZ½ I wnsmª cÖvYx
Ges wewfbœ ai‡bi †cvKv-gvKo) hw` ¶wZKviK ev Kó`vqK nq, G¸‡jv‡K gviv

786 m~Î, www.physlink.com; electricity and fire

 B‡jKwUªK c×wZ‡Z cÖvYx nZ¨vi weavb 375
Rv‡qh Av‡Q| nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ واﻟﻜﻠﺐ‬،‫ واﻟﻔﺎرة‬،‫ واﻟﻐﺮاب اﻷﺑﻘﻊ‬،‫ اﻟﺤﻴﺔ‬:‫ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻓﻮاﺳﻖ ﻳﻘﺘﻠﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ واﻟﺤﺮم‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ اﻟﺤﺪأة‬:‫ وﻓﻲ رواﻳﺔ‬.‫ واﻟﺤﺪﻳﺎ‬،‫اﻟﻌﻘﻮر‬

ÒcuvPwU `~ivPvix (`y®‹„wZ) cÖvYx i‡q‡Q †h¸‡jv‡K wnj (nvivg kix‡di wbw`©ó mxgv) I
nviv‡g gviv hv‡e| mvc, bvbvb iOwewkó KvK, Bu`yi, cvMjv KzKzi I wPj|Ó787
nv`xmwUi e¨vL¨vq Bgvg beex ivn. e‡jb-
.‫اﺗﻔﻖ ﺟﻤﺎﻫﻴﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻋﻠﯽ ﺟﻮاز ﻗﺘﻠﻬﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ واﻟﺤﺮم واﻹﺣﺮام‬

ÒRygûi (msL¨vMwiô) Ijvgv‡q †Kivg wnj I nviv‡g Ges Bnivg Ae¯’vq DwjøwLZ
cÖvYx¸‡jv nZ¨vi ˆeaZvi e¨vcv‡i HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡i‡Qb|Ó788
KviY G cuvP cÖKvi cÖvYx †h †Kvb mgq gvbyl‡K ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB nvivg kix‡di
e¨vcK wbivcËvi weavb m‡Ë¡I bexRx G¸‡jv‡K nZ¨v Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| G nv`xm
†_‡K eySv hvq †h, Kó`vqK cÖvYx nZ¨v Kivi my‡hvM Av‡Q|
Avjøvgv Beby byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﺟﺎز ﻗﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻀﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻬﺎﺋﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﻜﻠﺐ اﻟﻌﻘﻮر واﻟﻬﺮة إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ اﻟﺤﻤﺎم واﻟﺪﺟﺎج ﻹزاﻟﺔ اﻟﻀﺮر‬
(‫ زﻛﺮﻳﺎ‬٣٥٩/٨ :‫)اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻟﺮاﺋﻖ‬

GKB fvl¨ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb Avjøvgv kvgx ivn.-

.‫ﺟﺎز ﻗﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻀﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻜﻠﺐ ﻋﻘﻮر وﻫﺮة ﺗﻀﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ اﻟﺤﻤﺎم واﻟﺪﺟﺎج‬

ÒKó`vqK I ÿwZKi PZz®ú` cÖvYx wbab I wbg©~j Kiv Rv‡qh| †hgb, cvMjv KzKzi,
KeyZi I gyiwM †L‡q †d‡j Ggb weovj|Ó789
Z‡e Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Bmjvg Kó`vqK cÖvYx nZ¨v Kiv Ges cÖvYx R‡en
Kivi welqwU G‡Kev‡iB Db¥y³ K‡i †`qwb| eis my›`i I Abycg c×wZ MÖn‡Yi cÖwZ
ZvwM` w`‡q‡Q| nhiZ kvÏv` Be‡b AvIm ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-

787 mnxn gymwjg: 1/381

788 ki‡n beex: 1/381
789 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 10/482, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
376 `imyj wdK&n
‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻢ ﻓﺄﺣﺴﻨﻮا اﻟﻘﺘﻠﺔ‬،‫ ﺛﻨﺘﺎن ﺣﻔﻈﺘﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻦ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
إن اﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﺘﺐ اﻹﺣﺴﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲء‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ وﻟﻴﺤﺪ أﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﺷﻔﺮﺗﻪ وﻟﻴﺮح ذﺑﻴﺤﺘﻪ‬،‫وإذا ذﺑﺤﺘﻢ ﻓﺄﺣﺴﻨﻮا اﻟﺬﺑﺢ‬

Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, wbðq Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv cÖ‡Z¨K e¯‘i e¨vcv‡i ÔBnmvbÕ (wbcybZv
I c~Y©Zv) Avek¨K K‡i‡Qb| (wZwb wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb) hLb †Zvgiv nZ¨v Ki, ZLb
DËg cš’vq nZ¨v Ki| Avi hLb †Zvgiv R‡en Ki, ZLb DËg cš’vq R‡en Ki Ges
Qzwi fvjfv‡e avi w`‡q bvI, hv‡Z R‡en Kiv cïwU AwZwi³ Kó bv cvq|Ó790
myZivs nZ¨vi mgq mnR I Zzjbvg~jK Avivg`vqK c×wZB MÖnY Kiv DwPZ|
†ec‡ivqv n‡q †h †Kvbfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv‡K Bmjvg mg_©b K‡i bv|
nv‡dR Be‡b iRe nv¤^jx ivn. D³ nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
‫ إزﻫﺎق ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﺮع اﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ وأﺳﻬﻠﻬﺎ وأوﺣﺎﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ‬: ‫واﻹﺣﺴﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس واﻟﺪواب‬
‫ وﻫﺬا‬. ‫ وﻫﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﻘﺘﻞ‬، ‫ أﺣﺴﻨﻮا ﻫﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﺬﺑﺢ‬: ‫ واﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬... ‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ إﻳﻼم ﻻ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻴﻪ‬، ‫ﻏﻴﺮ زﻳﺎدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻌﺬﻳﺐ‬
.‫ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻮب اﻹﺳﺮاع ﻓﻲ إزﻫﺎق اﻟﻨﻔﻮس اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺒﺎح إزﻫﺎﻗﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﻬﻞ اﻟﻮﺟﻮﻩ‬

ÒhLb ˆeafv‡e †Kvb gvbyl ev cÖvYx nZ¨vi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e, ZLb nZ¨vi †ÿ‡Î ÔBnmvbÕ
n‡jv nZ¨vi KvRwU Ggb c×wZ‡Z m¤úv`b Kiv †hb AwZwi³ †Kvb Kó Qvov `ªæZ I
mn‡R cÖvY †ei n‡q hvq| Ab¨_vq Zv n‡e AcÖ‡qvRbxq Kó `vb| myZivs nv`x‡mi
A_© n‡jv- †Zvgiv R‡en Ges nZ¨vi †ÿ‡Î my›`i I myPviæ c×wZ Aej¤^b Ki| Avi
Zv G wel‡qi cÖwZ ¯úóiƒ‡c Bw½Z Ki‡Q †h, ˆea †Kvb nZ¨v ev R‡e‡ni †ÿ‡Î cÖvY
`ªæZ I mn‡R †ei nIqvi c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv IqvwRe|Ó791
Av¸‡b †cvov‡bvi ûKzg
B‡jKwUªwmwU †_‡K †h‡nZz Av¸b ˆZwi nq Ges Zv †_‡K jä Av¸b w`‡q cÖvYx nZ¨vi
bhxiI Kg bq, ZvB G c×wZ‡Z nZ¨v Kivi weavb D‡jøL Kivi c~‡e© Av¸‡bi welqwU
cwi®‹vi nIqv Avek¨K|
nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻣﻦ‬:‫ ﻓﺠﺎء اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ورأی ﻗﺮﻳﺔ ﻧﻤﻞ ﻗﺪ ﺣﺮﻗﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﻟﺤﺎﺟﺘﻪ‬،‫ﮐﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ‬

790 mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb: nv`xm bs 5883; mnxn gymwjg: 2/152, nv`xm bs 5017
791 RvwgDj Dj~wg Iqvj wnKvg: 151, nv`xm bs 17, gyAvm&mvZzj KzZzweQ QvKvwdq¨v, ˆeiæZ
 B‡jKwUªK c×wZ‡Z cÖvYx nZ¨vi weavb 377
792.‫اﻟﻨﺎر‬ ‫ إﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﻌﺬب ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎر إﻻ رب‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻧﺤﻦ‬:‫ﺣﺮق ﻫﺬﻩ؟ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‬
ÒAvgiv ivm~jyjøvn Gi mv‡_ GK md‡i wQjvg| ivm~jyjøvn Zuvi e¨w³MZ
cÖ‡qvR‡b †M‡jb| wKQz¶Y ci wd‡i G‡m †`L‡jb, Avgiv GK`j wcucovi evmv cywo‡q
w`‡qwQ| wZwb ej‡jb, †K G¸‡jv cywo‡q‡Q? Dˇi ejjvg, Avgiv| wZwb ej‡jb,
Av¸‡bi m„wóKZ©v Avjøvn Qvov Kv‡iv Rb¨ Av¸b w`‡q kvw¯Í †`qv mgxPxb bq|Ó793
nhiZ BKwigv ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
،‫ ﻟﻮ ﻛﻨﺖ أﻧﺎ ﻟﻢ أﺣﺮﻗﻬﻢ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺒﻠﻎ ذﻟﻚ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬،‫ ﻓﺤﺮﻗﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫أن ﻋﻠﻴﺎ أﺧﺬ ﻧﺎﺳﺎ ارﺗﺪوا ﻋﻦ اﻹﺳﻼم‬
‫ ﻣﻦ‬:
‫ أﺣﺪا وﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬.‫ ﻻ ﺗﻌﺬﺑﻮا ﺑﻌﺬاب اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‬:‫إن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ ﺻﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ ﻓﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﻠﻴﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻓﻘﺎل وﻳﺢ اﺑﻦ أم اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻗﺘﻠﻮﻩ‬،‫ﺑﺪل دﻳﻨﻪ‬

ÒnhiZ Avjx ivwh. wKQz gyiZv`‡K Av¸‡b cywo‡q gvi‡jb| G Lei nhiZ Be‡b
AveŸvm ivwh. Gi Kv‡Q †cuŠQ‡j wZwb e‡jb, hw` (Zuvi ¯’v‡b) Avwg nZvg, Zvn‡j
Zv‡`i‡K Av¸b w`‡q R¡vwj‡q w`Zvg bv| †Kbbv ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, Avjøvn hv
w`‡q (Av¸b) kvw¯Í †`b, Zv w`‡q †Zvgiv KvD‡K kvw¯Í w`I bv| ivm~jyjøvn Av‡iv
e‡jb, †h e¨w³ Zvi Øxb‡K cwieZ©b K‡i †Zvgiv Zv‡K nZ¨v Ki| AZtci Avjx ivwh.
Gi wbKU Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi e³e¨ †cuŠQ‡j wZwb e‡jb, Avd‡mvm Be‡b
AveŸv‡mi Rb¨|Ó794
GLvb †_‡K eySv hvq †h, Av¸b Øviv cywo‡q gviv nvivg bq| ZvB nhiZ Avjx ivwh.
Gi NUbvmn Abyiƒc mvnvev hy‡Mi Av‡iv wKQz NUbv cvIqv hvq, ‡h¸‡jvi mvims‡ÿc
Avjøvgv e`iæÏxb AvBbx795 ivn. Dg`vZzj Kvix‡Z D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| GQvovI nhiZ
Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. Gi AvcwË nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Gi Kv‡Q †cuŠQ‡j wZwb Zv MÖnY
K‡ibwb|
Dc‡iv³ nv`xmwUi e¨vL¨vq Avjøvgv e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn. e‡jb-

.‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬: (...‫ ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻓﻲ »رﻳﺎض اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ« )ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺬﻳﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎر‬792
793 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/363, Avkivdx eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`
794 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 2552; mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 3017
795 gvngy` Be‡b Avngv` Be‡b g~mv Be‡b Avngv` Be‡b ûmvBb Be‡b BDmyd Be‡b gvngy` e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn.|

762 wnRix m‡b wgm‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 855 wnRixi whjnR¡ gv‡m B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| wZwb Kvwhj KzhvZ (cÖavb
wePvicwZ) wQ‡jb| Zuvi RMZ weL¨vZ K‡qKwU iPbv n‡jv Dg`vZzj Kvix, byLveyj AvdKvi, webvqv kiûj wn`vqv I
kiûj Kvbh BZ¨vw`| -Avj dvIqv‡q`yj evwnq¨v: 207
378 `imyj wdK&n
‫ واﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ‬،‫ وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻧﻬﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻢ‬:‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﻤﻬﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺤﺮام ﺳﻤﻞ اﻟﺸﺎرع أﻋﻴﻦ اﻟﺮﻋﺎة ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎر وﺗﺤﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﻔﺠﺎءة ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎر ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﻠﻰ‬
‫ وأﻛﺜﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻳﺠﻴﺰون‬،‫اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﺤﻀﺮة اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ وﺗﺤﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ رﺿﻲ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﺨﻮارج ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎر‬
‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﺤﺼﻮن ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎر وﻗﻮل أﻛﺜﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻤﺮاﻛﺐ وﻫﺬا ﻛﻠﻪ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺪب‬

ÒAv¸‡b R¡vjv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i nv`x‡m †h wb‡lavÁv G‡m‡Q, Zv nvivg wn‡m‡e bq| eis
Zv gnvb Avjøvni kv‡bi cªwZ j¶¨ K‡i webq cÖKvkv‡_© ejv n‡q‡Q| GUv †h nvivg
bq Gi `jxj n‡jv, ivm~j Av¸b Øviv ivLvj‡`i P¶z¸‡jv Dc‡o †d‡j kvw¯Í
w`‡q‡Qb Ges Avey eKi wmÏxK ivwh. mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z g`xbvi C`Mv‡n
dzRvAv Avm myjvwgÕ‡K Av¸b w`‡q R¡vwj‡q †`b| Ggwbfv‡e Avjx ivwh. Lv‡iRx‡`i‡K
Av¸b w`‡q R¡vwj‡q w`‡q‡Qb| GQvov g`xbvi AwaKvsk Ijvgv‡q †Kivg †Kjøv‡K
evwm›`vmn R¡vwj‡q †`qvi ˆeaZvi e¨vcv‡i gZ w`‡q‡Qb| Zv‡`i AwaKvsk‡`i gZ
n‡jv evnb¸‡jv R¡vwj‡q †`qv| G mKj NUbv †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h,nv`x‡mi
wb‡lavÁvwU nvivg wn‡m‡e bq eis nvw`mwU gy¯Ívnv‡ei A‡_© cÖ‡hvR¨|Ó796
Dfq w`‡Ki nv`x‡mi cÖwZ jÿ¨ †i‡L Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺈﺣﺮاق ﺣﻄﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻧﻤﻞ‬،‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺒﺘﻐﯽ ﻳﮑﺮﻩ إﺣﺮاق ﺟﺮاد وﻗﻤﻞ وﻋﻘﺮب‬

Òc½cvj, ¶z`ªKxU I we”Qz R¡vjv‡bv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx| Z‡e †h KvVLwo‡Z wcuwcwjKv

Av‡Q Zv R¡vjv‡Z †Kvb Amyweav †bB|Ó797
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫)ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻳﮑﺮﻩ إﺣﺮاق ﺟﺮاد( أي ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﺎ وﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻘﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻋﻮث وﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻌﻘﺮب واﻟﺤﻴﺔ‬

Òc½cvj Av¸‡b R¡vjv‡bv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx| Abyiƒcfv‡e ¶z`ªKxU, DKzb, mvc I we”Qz
Av¸‡b R¡vjv‡bv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx|Ó798
Dc‡iv³ nv`xm I wdKnx e³e¨ Øviv cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †Kvb cÖvYx‡K cywo‡q Ges
AwZwi³ Kó w`‡q nZ¨v Kiv ˆea bq| KviY GLv‡b `yÕwU AvcwËKi wRwbm GKwÎZ

796 Dg`vZzj Kvix: 10/334

797 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 10/482, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
798 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 6/752, GBP.Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 B‡jKwUªK c×wZ‡Z cÖvYx nZ¨vi weavb 379
n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g Av¸b, hv w`‡q †Kej Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvB †Kvb cÖvYx‡K kvw¯Í w`‡Z cv‡ib,
Ab¨ †KD bq| wØZxq R‡en ev nZ¨vi †¶‡Î Bmjv‡gi Abycg Av`‡k©i cwicš’x
nIqv|
B‡jKwUªK c×wZ‡Z cÖvYx nZ¨v
cÖvYx nZ¨vi B‡jKwUªK c×wZ A‡bK n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb kK †`qv ev cywo‡q †djv| kK
ev G RvZxq †Kvb c×wZB kixÔAvZ wm× bq| KviY Zv kixÔAv‡Zi bxwZ cwicš’x|
nZ¨vi †¶‡Î kixÔAvZ Zzjbvg~jK mnR c×wZ MÖnY Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb, hv
B‡jKwUªK k‡Ki gv‡S Abycw¯’Z| eis G‡Z hš¿Yv †e‡o hvq Ges cÖPÐ Pvc m„wó nq|
myZivs G c×wZ Aej¤^b Kiv kixÔAvZm¤§Z bq|
KL‡bv B‡jKwUªK Av¸b Øviv cywo‡q nZ¨v Kiv nq| c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv
eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, Av¸‡b †Kvb cÖvYx nZ¨v Kiv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx| GK_vI Avgiv
ey‡S G‡mwQ †h, mvaviY Av¸b I B‡jKwUªwmwUjä Av¸b GK| ZvB B‡jKwUªK Av¸b
w`‡q nZ¨v KivI gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx n‡e|
gkv gvivi B‡jKwUªK e¨vU e¨envi
Avgv‡`i †`‡k gkv gvivi GK ai‡bi B‡jKwUªK e¨vU i‡q‡Q| †m e¨vU w`‡q †h‡nZz
gkv we`y¨‡Zi Av¸‡b cywo‡q gviv nq; ZvB gkv gvivi H e¨vU e¨envi Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e
bv| Z‡e gkv †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi Ab¨ †Kvb gva¨g bv _vK‡j GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡bi †¶‡Î
eZ©gvb gydZxqv‡b †Kivg B‡jKwUªK e¨vU e¨envi Kivi AbygwZ w`‡q _v‡Kb| Avjøvgv
kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ﻟﮑﻦ ﺟﻮاز اﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻖ واﻟﺘﻐﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻘﻴﺪ ﮐﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺮح اﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻤﺎ إذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻤﮑﻨﻮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻈﻔﺮ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﺪون ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻼ‬
.‫ﻣﺸﻘﺔ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻓﺈن ﺗﻤﮑﻨﻮا ﺑﺪوﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮز‬

ÒwKš‘ Kó`vqK cÖvYx Av¸b w`‡q R¡vwj‡q I cvwb‡Z Wywe‡q gvivi ˆeaZv H †¶‡Îi
mv‡_ m¤ú„³ hLb (G mKj ¶wZKi cÖvYx †_‡K) A‡bK Kó I †fvMvwšÍ Qvov euvPvi
Avi †Kvb weKí e¨e¯’v bv _vK‡e| nu¨v, hw` weKí e¨e¯’v _v‡K, Zvn‡j R¡vjv‡bv Rv‡qh
†bB|Ó799
GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, †Kvb †Kvb mgq we`y¨r w`‡q nZ¨v bv Ki‡jI gyiwM ev Miæ R‡e‡ni
c~‡e© we`y¨r kK w`‡q †eûuk Kiv nq, hv GKwU evowZ hš¿Yv| mvgwqK myweavi cÖwZ

799 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 4/129, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

380 `imyj wdK&n
AwZkq cÖjyä n‡q †Kvb cÖvYx‡K Gfv‡e Kó †`qv kixÔAvZ mg_©b K‡i bv|
A‡bK mgq †Zv ‰e`y¨wZK kK w`‡Z wM‡q gvÎv GZ †e‡o hvq †h cÖvYx Zv‡`i ARv‡šÍ
gviv hvq| Avi g„Z Ae¯’vB R‡en K‡i evRv‡i mvcøvB Kiv nq| nu¨v, hw` AKvU¨fv‡e
cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ‰e`y¨wZK kK w`‡j cÖvYxi Zzjbvg~jK Kó Kg n‡e ZLb mZ©KZvi
mv‡_ wbw`©ó gvÎvq kK †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx nvwdhvûjøvn e‡jb,
ÔGK_v me©Rb ¯^xK…Z †h, Bmjvgx kixÔAvZ cï R‡e‡ni †h c×wZ Avwe®‹vi K‡i‡Q,
†mUvB cïi cÖvY †ei nIqvi Rb¨ A‡bK DËg I mnR c×wZ| myZivs we`¨y‡Zi k‡Ki
gva¨‡g cï‡K A‡PZb K‡i RevB Kiv Kógy³ bq| AZGe hw` GUv AKvU¨fv‡e
mve¨¯Í nq †h, G‡Z cïi Kó Kg nq Ges Gi Kvi‡Y g„Zz¨ nq bv, Zvn‡j D³ c×wZ
Aej¤^b Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e| Ab¨_vq Rv‡qh n‡e bv|Ó800

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 30 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

800 wdKnx gvKvjvZ: 4/282, hghg eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`

 381

AvaywbK Acv‡ikb: mgm¨v I mgvavb

gvIjvbv kixdzÏxb wm‡jUx
gywg‡bi Rxeb giY my¯Z’ v-Amy¯’Zv mewKQzB Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Rb¨ mgwc©Z| Rxeb
Pjvi c‡_ hLb †h Ae¯’vi m¤§yLxb n‡e me©ve¯’vq †m Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi weavb Rvb‡Z
†Póv Ki‡e Ges †m †gvZv‡eK Avgj Ki‡e| wPwKrmv weÁvb w`b w`b DbœwZ jvf
Ki‡Q| Avwe®‹vi n‡q‡Q wewfbœ hš¿cvwZ| †ivM wbY©q †_‡K †ivM wbivg‡qi A‡bK
e¨e¯’vcbv i‡q‡Q hv c~e©hy‡M KíbvI Kiv †hZ bv| Avgiv e¶¨gvY cÖe‡Ü AvaywbK
wPwKrmv e¨e¯’vcbv I Zvi weavb Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev BbkvAvjøvn|
Acv‡ikb msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv
gvbyl wewfbœ †iv‡M AvµvšÍ n‡q _v‡K| KL‡bv ¯^vfvweK Jl‡ai gva¨‡g wbivgq nq,
KL‡bv Acv‡ikb ev A‡¯¿vcPvi Kiv Acwinvh© n‡q c‡o| †Kvb mgq †Kvb A½ †K‡U
†dj‡Z nq A_ev ms‡hvRb Ki‡Z nq| AvaywbK hy‡M mdj Acv‡ik‡bi ¯^v‡_© A‡bK
A¯¿ Avwe®‹vi Kiv n‡q‡Q hv e¨envi Ki‡j Lye mn‡RB AvµvšÍ A‡½i my¯Z ’ vi Avkv
Kiv hvq| eZ©gvb hy‡Mi Acv‡ikb c×wZ I A¯¿cvwZ c~e©hy‡M bv _vK‡jI A‡¯¿vcPvi
K‡i AvµvšÍ A½ †K‡U †djvi wewfbœ cÖgvY †g‡j| †hgb-
1. nhiZ Rv‡ei ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻤﺎ ﺗﺪاوﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻓﺎﻟﺤﺠﺎﻣﺔ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, †Zvgv‡`i wPwKrmv c×wZi g‡a¨ wk½v jvMv‡bv DËg
wPwKrmv|Ó801
wnRvgvZ ev wk½v jvMv‡bv ej‡Z eySvq , kix‡ii †Kvb As‡k aviv‡jv A¯¿ w`‡q †K‡U
wk½v ewm‡q cuPv i³ †ei Kiv| Gfv‡e Pvgov †K‡U wk½v jvMv‡bv Acv‡ik‡bi gZ|
GLvb †_‡K eZ©gvb Kv‡ji Acv‡ik‡bi ˆeaZv cÖgvwYZ nq|
2. Rv‡ei ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
. ‫ﺑﻌﺚ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
إﻟﻰ أﺑﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ ﻃﺒﻴﺒﺎ ﻓﻘﻄﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﺮﻗﺎ ﺛﻢ ﻛﻮاﻩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn nhiZ DevB Be‡b KvÔAve ivwh. Gi wbKU GKRb Wv³vi cvVv‡jb|
AZtci Wv³vi Zvi GKwU iM †K‡U Zvi Dci `vM jvwM‡q w`j|Ó802

801 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/539 nv`xm bs 3858; Rv‡g wZiwghx: nv`xm bs 1325, Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K mnxn
e‡j‡Qb|
802 mnxn gymwjg: 2/225 nv`xm bs 2207
382 `imyj wdK&n
G nv`x‡mI Acv‡ikb K‡i iM KvUvi cÖgvY †g‡j|
3. wdKn kv‡¯¿i wewfbœ wbf©i‡hvM¨ wKZv‡e Acv‡ikb Rv‡qh e‡j D‡jøL i‡q‡Q|
dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
‫ ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻵﻛﻠﺔ‬،‫ ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺮاﺟﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻌﻀﻮ إن وﻗﻌﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻵﻛﻠﺔ ﻟﺌﻼ ﺗﺴﺮى‬
.‫ ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻠﺘﻘﻂ‬،‫وﺷﻖ اﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
Ò†Kvb A‡½ hw` KK©U †ivM `yó¶Z I K¨vÝvi BZ¨vw` nq, Zvn‡j Ab¨ A½ AvµvšÍ
nIqvi Avk¼vq D³ AvµvšÍ A½ †K‡U †djv bvRv‡qh bq| (wmivwRqv) †Zgwbfv‡e
Ab¨ A½ AvµvšÍ nIqvi f‡q K¨vÝv‡i AvµvšÍ nvZ A_ev †cU KvUv A‰ea bq|
(gyjZvKvZ)|Ó803
Acv‡ik‡bi c~e©vci wKQz j¶Yxq welq
Acv‡ikb Kivi mgq j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e †h, cyiæl †ivMxi Acv‡ikb cyiæl Wv³vi
Ki‡e| Avi gwnjv †ivMxi Acv‡ikb gwnjv Wv³vi Ki‡e| GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡b †Kv‡bv
cyiæl Wv³vi‡K gwnjv †ivMxi Acv‡ikb Ki‡Z n‡j, Acv‡ik‡bi c~‡e©i cÖ¯‘wZg~jK
KvR †hgb kix‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxq Ask Db¥y³ Kiv, kix‡ii evwK Ask †X‡K †`qv, mswkøó
hš¿cvwZ Dcw¯’Z Kiv, cªmv‡ei iv¯Ívq bj jvMv‡bv BZ¨vw` hv gwnjv Wv³vi ev †mweKv
Øviv m¤¢e, Zv cyiæl Wv³v‡ii Rb¨ m¤úv`b Kiv Rv‡qh bq|
cyiæl Wv³vi GKvKx Acv‡ikb w_‡qUv‡i (O.T) gwnjv †ivMxi mv‡_ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z
cvi‡e bv| Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﺨﻠﻮن رﺟﻞ ﺑﺎﻣﺮأة وﻻ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﺮن اﻣﺮأة إﻻ وﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﺮم‬:‫أﻧﻪ ﺳﻤﻊ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﻘﻮل‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjøvn †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, †Kvb e¨w³ †hb †eMvbv gwnjvi mv‡_ GKvwK
Ae¯’vb bv K‡i Ges mdiI bv K‡i| nu¨v, hw` Zvi mv‡_ gvnivg _v‡K|Ó804
nhiZ Rv‡ei ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ أﻻ ﻻ ﻳﺒﻴﺘﻦ رﺟﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻣﺮأة ﺛﻴﺐ إﻻ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻧﺎﻛﺤﺎ أو ذا ﻣﺤﺮم‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, mveavb! KL‡bv †Kvb cyiæl †hb †Kvb weevwnZv gwnjvi
wbKU ivwÎ hvcb bv K‡i| wKš‘ hw` †m Zvi ¯^vgx nq A_ev gvnivg AvZ¥xq nq, Zvn‡j
†Kvb Amyweav †bB|Ó805
DwjøwLZ nv`xm †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, †Kvb cyiæ‡li Rb¨ †eMvbv gwnjvi mv‡_ GKv‡šÍ
803 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/416 `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
804 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 3006; mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1341
805 mnxn gymwjg: 2/215
 AvaywbK Acv‡ikb : mgm¨v I mgvavb 383
Ae¯’vb Kivi AbygwZ †bB|
mZ‡ii AšÍf©y³ †Kvb A‡½i Acv‡ikb Ki‡Z n‡j ïay cÖ‡qvRbxq Ask Lyj‡Z I
†`L‡Z cvi‡e| AwZwi³ †Kvb A½ †Lvjv I †`Lv bvRv‡qh| Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬،‫ ﻳﺠﻮز اﻟﻨﻈﺮ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺪواء‬،‫ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺮض ﻓﻲ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﻬﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻔﺮج‬:‫وﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻮﻫﺮة‬
‫ وﺧﺎﻓﻮا ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ أن ﺗﻬﻠﻚ أو‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬،‫ ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻰ أن ﻳﻌﻠﻢ اﻣﺮأة ﺗﺪاوﻳﻬﺎ‬،‫ وإن ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻔﺮج‬،‫ﺿﺮورة‬
‫ ﺛﻢ ﻳﺪاوﻳﻬﺎ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ وﻳﻐﺾ ﺑﺼﺮﻩ ﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻄﺎع‬،‫ ﻳﺴﺘﺮوا ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲء إﻻ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﺔ‬،‫ﻳﺼﻴﺒﻬﺎ وﺟﻊ ﻻ ﺗﺤﺘﻤﻠﻪ‬
.‫إﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺠﺮح‬
ÒRvInviv bvgK MÖ‡š’ ejv n‡q‡Q, hw` †Kvb gwnjvi j¾v¯’vb e¨ZxZ cy‡iv kix‡i
†ivM nq Zvn‡j wPwKrmv Kivi mgq Wv³v‡ii Rb¨ Zvi cy‡iv kixi †`Lv ˆea Av‡Q|
†Kbbv Gmgq †`Lv cÖ‡qvR‡bi AšÍf©y³| Avi hw` gwnjvi j¾v¯’v‡b †ivM nq, Zvn‡j
DwPZ n‡jv, Ab¨ GKRb gwnjv‡K Gi wPwKrmv wkwL‡q w`‡e| †m gwnjv H †ivMxi
wPwKrmv Ki‡e| hw` ‡kLv‡bvi gZ †Kvb gwnjv bv cvIqv hvq Ges †ivMx gviv hvIqvi
Avk¼v nq A_ev GZ‡ewk e¨_v nq hv Zvi Rb¨ mn¨ Kiv Am¤¢e, Zvn‡j D³ gwnjvi
†iv‡Mi ¯’vb e¨ZxZ cy‡iv kixi †X‡K wb‡e, Zvici ‡Kvb cyiæl Wv³vi Zvi wPwKrmv
Ki‡e Ges Wv³vi wb‡Ri P¶z‡K h_vm¤¢e †ndvRZ Ki‡e| n¨vu Zvi Rb¨ ïay RL‡gi
¯’vb †`Lvi AbygwZ i‡q‡Q|Ó806
†ivMx‡K Acv‡ik‡bi ¯^v‡_© AÁvb Ki‡Z n‡j c~‡e©B †ivMx‡K e‡j w`‡Z n‡e †h
AcÖ‡qvRbxq †Kvb Ask †Lvjv n‡e bv Ges mZ‡ii †ndvR‡Zi cÖwZ j¶ ivLv n‡e|
Acv‡ik‡bi c~‡e© †ivMx ev †ivMxi Awffve‡Ki KvQ †_‡K h_vh_ AbygwZ wb‡Z n‡e|
AbygwZ Qvov Acv‡ikb Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| Z‡e hw` Ggb Ae¯’v nq †h, AbygwZ
†bqvi g‡Zv my‡hvM †bB, A_ev †ivMxi Ae¯’v Ggb Avk¼vRbK †h, wej¤^ Ki‡j gviv
†h‡Z cv‡i, GgZve¯’vq webv AbygwZ‡Z Acv‡ikb Kiv Rv‡qh| Bgvg Be‡b Kz`vgv
ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺄذون ﻓﻴﻪ وإن ﻓﻌﻞ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ أو ﻣﻦ‬،‫وإن ﺧﺘﻦ ﺻﺒﻴﺎ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ إذن وﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﺴﺮت ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ‬
.‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺄذون ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﺮﻋﺎ‬،‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﻀﻤﻦ‬،‫ﻟﻪ وﻻﻳﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أو ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ إذن ﻟﻪ‬
Òhw` †Kvb wkï‡K Zvi Awffve‡Ki AbygwZ e¨ZxZ LZbv Kiv‡bv nq AZtci wkïi
hLg Qwo‡q c‡o, Zvn‡j webv AbygwZ‡Z LZbv Kiv‡bvi Kvi‡Y D³ e¨w³ †_‡K Gi
¶wZc~iY †bqv n‡e| Avi hw` D³ KvRwU kvmK wKsev H e¨w³ K‡i †h H wkïi
AwffveK wn‡m‡e i‡q‡Q A_ev Awffve‡Ki AbygwZµ‡g Ab¨ †KD K‡i, Zvn‡j
¶wZc~iY w`‡Z n‡e bv| †Kbbv kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z Zvi Rb¨ D³ KvR Kivi AbygwZ

806 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 6/371, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

384 `imyj wdK&n
i‡q‡Q|Ó807
bv‡m©i †mev MÖn‡Yi ûKzg
cyiæl Ges gwnjv †ivMxi wPwKrmvi †¶‡Î ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Zi ûKzg
n‡jv, cyyiæl †ivMxi wPwKrmv cyiæl Wv³vi Ki‡e | gwnjv †ivMxi wPwKrmv gwnjv Wv³vi
Ki‡e| Abiƒcfv‡e cyiæl †ivMxi †mev cyiæl †meKiv Ki‡e, Avi gwnjv †ivMxi †mev
bvm© ev †mweKviv Ki‡e| ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq cyiæl †ivMxi Rb¨ bvm© †_‡K †mev MÖnY
Kiv ˆea bq| Abyiƒcfv‡e gwnjv †ivMxi Rb¨ cyiæl †meK †_‡K †mev MÖnY Kiv ˆea
bq| GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡b Kv‡iv †mev Ki‡Z n‡j c`©v I mZi †ndvR‡Zi cÖwZ h‡_ó
hZœevb _vKvi k‡Z© ˆea Av‡Q| nhiZ iæevB‡q web‡Z gyAvIqvR ivwh. e‡jb-
.‫ﻛﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻧﺴﻘﻲ وﻧﺪاوي اﻟﺠﺮﺣﻰ وﻧﺮد اﻟﻘﺘﻠﻰ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
ÒAvgiv hy‡× AvnZ‡`i cvwb cvb KivZvg I wPwKrmv KiZvg Ges wbnZ‡`i‡K g`xbvq
wb‡q AvmZvg|Ó808
G nv`xm †_‡K gwnjv‡`i †ivMxi †mev Kivi AbygwZ eySv hvq| Avjøvgv e`iæÏxb
AvBbx ivn. G nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq D‡jøL K‡ib-
.‫ﺟﺎز ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺠﺎﻻت ﻣﻨﻬﻦ‬
Òeq®‹v‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvR‡b cyiæl‡`i †mev Kiv Rv‡qh Av‡Q|Ó809
G K_vi mg_©b cvIqv hvq Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi ÔAvm& wmqviæj KvexiÕ Gi Av‡jvPbv
†_‡KI|810
bvm© ev †mweKvi Rb¨I cyiæl Wv³vi A_ev cyiæl †ivMxi mv‡_ GKvwK Acv‡ikb
w_‡qUv‡i (O.T) Ae¯’vb Kiv ˆea bq| Abyiƒc †me‡Ki Rb¨I gwnjv Wv³v‡ii mv‡_
A_ev gwnjv †ivMxi mv‡_ GKvwK Acv‡ikb w_‡qUv‡i (O.T) Ae¯’vb Kiv ˆea bq|
wmwi‡Ä i³ Avm‡j Ahyi ûKzg
Bb‡RKkb †`qvi mgq wmwi‡Ä Ges m¨vjvBb cyk Kivi mgq m¨vjvB‡bi b‡j †h i³
Av‡m Zvi cwigvY hw` GZUzKz nq †h, Zv wb‡R wb‡R Mwo‡q co‡Z cv‡i Zvn‡j Ahy
bó n‡q hv‡e| Avi hw` Zvi cwigvY GZUzKz bv nq, Zvn‡j Ahy bó n‡e bv| Abyiƒc
Bb‡RKkb cyk Kivi mgq ‡h i³ †ei nq A_ev i³ cix¶v Kivi Rb¨ †h i³ †ei
Kiv nq Zvi cwigvYI hw` GZUzKz nq †h Zv wb‡R wb‡R Mwo‡q co‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j

807 Avj gyMbx: 5/313

808 mnxn eyLvix: 1/403
809 Dg`vZzj Kvix: 10/203 `viæj wdKi
810 Avm wmqviæj Kvexi: 1/185, Avj nvivKvZzQ QvIwiq¨v, AvdMvwb¯Ívb
 AvaywbK Acv‡ikb : mgm¨v I mgvavb 385
Ahy bó n‡q hv‡e| GZUzKz bv n‡j Ahyy bó n‡e bv| dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL
Av‡Q-
،‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﻣﺼﺖ اﻟﺬﺑﺎب أو اﻟﺒﻌﻮض‬،‫اﻟﻘﺮاد إذا ﻣﺺ ﻋﻀﻮ إﻧﺴﺎن ﻓﺎﻣﺘﻸ دﻣﺎ إن ﻛﺎن ﺻﻐﻴﺮا ﻻ ﻳﻨﻘﺾ وﺿﻮءﻩ‬
.‫ اﻧﺘﻘﺾ وﺿﻮءﻩ‬،‫ وﻛﺬا اﻟﻌﻠﻘﺔ إذا ﻣﺼﺖ ﻋﻀﻮ إﻧﺴﺎن ﺣﺘﻰ اﻣﺘﻸت ﻣﻦ دﻣﻪ‬،‫وإن ﻛﺎن ﻛﺒﻴﺮا ﻳﻨﻘﺾ‬
ÒAvuUvwj hw` †Kvb †jv‡Ki A½ †Pv‡l i‡³ c~Y© n‡q hvq Z‡e hw` Zv †QvU nq ZLb
Ahy f½ n‡e bv| †hgb gkv, gvwQ BZ¨vw` A½ †Pvl‡j Ahy f½ nq bv| Avi hw` eo
nq, Z‡e Ahy †f‡½ hv‡e| †Zgwbfv‡e †RvK hLb †Kvb gvby‡li A½ †_‡K i³ †Pv‡l
i‡³ c~Y© n‡q hvq, Z‡e Ahy †f‡½ hv‡e|Ó811
dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z Av‡iv D‡jøL Av‡Q-
‫ ﻟﻮ ﺗﺮك ﻣﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻣﺴﺢ ﻣﻨﻪ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﺧﺮج أﻳﻀﺎ وﻣﺴﺤﻪ ﻓﺈن ﻛﺎن اﻟﺪم ﺑﺤﺎل‬،‫إذا ﺧﺮج ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺮح دم ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻓﻤﺴﺤﻪ‬
.‫ﺳﺎل اﻧﺘﻘﺾ وﺿﻮءﻩ وإن ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﺴﻴﻞ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﺾ وﺿﻮءﻩ‬
ÒhLb ¶Z¯’vb †_‡K mvgvb¨ cwigvY i³ †ei nq, AZtci Zv gy‡Q †`qv nq, cybivq
†ei nq Ges Zv gy‡Q †`qv nq, hw` mw¤§wjZ i‡³i cwigvY GZUzKz nq †h, i³ wbR
Ae¯’vq †Q‡o w`‡j Zv Mwo‡q coZ Z‡e Ahy †f‡½ hv‡e, bZzev f½ n‡e bv|Ó812
Bb‡Wv‡qwjs K¨v‡_Uvi jvMv‡bv Ae¯’vq Ahy
we‡kl †Kvb Kvi‡Y cÖmªv‡ei _wji mv‡_ bj jvwM‡q mve©¶wYKfv‡e cÖmªv‡ei e¨e¯’v
Kiv nq, Zv‡K Bb‡Wv‡qwjs K¨v‡_Uvi ejv nq| cwic~Y© GK Iqv³ bvgv‡hi g‡a¨ hw`
K¨v‡_Uvi jvMv‡bv _v‡K hvi d‡j mve©¶wYK cÖmªve Avm‡Z _v‡K Ges Ahy K‡i bvgvh
cov hvq GZUzKz mgqI cvIqv bv hvq, Zvn‡j D³ e¨w³ gvhy‡ii AšÍf©y³ n‡e| AZGe
cÖwZ bvgv‡hi mgq Ahy Ki‡e Ges bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡e| hZ¶Y ch©šÍ Iqv³ evwK
_vK‡e D³ Ahy Øviv dih bdj me bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z cvi‡e, hw` Ahy f‡½i wbw`©ó
IRi Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb KviY bv cvIqv hvq| D‡jøL¨, K¨v‡_Uv‡ii mv‡_ †h _wj _v‡K
hw` m¤¢e nq Zvn‡j bvgv‡hi c~‡e© D³ _wjwU Lvwj K‡i wb‡e| Avi hw` Lvwj Kiv
m¤¢e bv nq, A_ev Lvwj Kivi ci cybivq cÖmªve R‡g hvq, Zvn‡j IR‡ii Kvi‡Y Zv
wb‡qB bvgvh cov hv‡e|
‫ إن ﻛﺎن‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺻﺎﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﺪم أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺪر اﻟﺪرﻫﻢ أو أﺻﺎب ﺛﻮﺑﻪ‬،‫ وﻗﺪ ﺷﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﺮﻗﺔ‬،‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺟﺮح ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫ ﻫﺬا‬.‫ ﺟﺎز أن ﻻ ﻳﻐﺴﻠﻪ وﺻﻠﻰ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﻐﺴﻠﻪ وإﻻ ﻓﻼ‬،‫ﺑﺤﺎل ﻟﻮ ﻏﺴﻠﻪ ﻳﺘﻨﺠﺲ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻔﺮاغ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻼة‬
.‫ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺎر‬

811 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/11, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

812 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/11, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
386 `imyj wdK&n
Òhw` †Kvb e¨w³ RL‡gi ¯’v‡b cwÆ euv‡a AZtci H cwƇZ GK w`inv‡gi †ewk i³
jv‡M A_ev Gi mgcwigvY i³ Kvc‡o jv‡M, hw` D³ e¨w³i Ae¯’v Ggb nq †h,
†mUv ay‡q bvgvh c‡o Aemi nIqvi c~‡e©B wØZxqevi bvcvK n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j D³
e¨w³i Rb¨ †mUv †avqv Riæix bq| †avqv Qv&ovB †m G Ae¯’vq bvgvh co‡Z cvi‡e|
Avi hw` †m cweÎ nIqvi ci bvgvh cov cwigvY mgq wØZxqevi bvcvK nIqvi
m¤¢vebv bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ bvcvK Ae¯’vq bvgvh cov ˆea n‡e bv|Ó813
wmRv‡ii ûKzg
gv‡qi †cU †K‡U ev”Pv †ei Kiv‡K wmRvi e‡j| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y wmRvi kixÔAv‡Zi
cQ›`bxq c×wZ bv n‡jI e¨vcKfv‡e cÖPwjZ nIqvq wb‡gœ wKQz Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv
n‡jv|
gv‡qi †c‡U ev”Pv _vKvKvjxb gv I ev”Pvi PviwU Ae¯’v n‡Z cv‡i-
1. gv I ev”Pv Df‡q g„Z| G Ae¯’vi ûKzg n‡jv, Df‡q g„Z nIqvq gv‡qi †cU KvUv
e¨ZxZ gv I ev”Pv‡K GKmv‡_ `vdb K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
2. gv g„Z, ev”Pv RxweZ| G Ae¯’vi ûKzg n‡jv, gv‡qi †cU †K‡U ev”Pv †ei Kiv n‡e|
Ggb Kiv hw`I gv‡qi m¤§v‡bi cwicš’x, wKš‘ g„Z gv‡qi m¤§v‡bi †P‡q RxweZ ev”Pvi
Rxeb i¶v Kiv hyw³m½Z| G cÖm‡½ dvZvIqv Aveyj jvB‡Q ewY©Z Av‡Q-
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﻖ ﺑﻄﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺎوى أﺑﻲ اﻟﻠﻴﺚ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻣﺮأة ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ وﻋﻠﻢ أن ﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻄﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﻲ‬
.‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ إذا ﻛﺎن أﻛﺒﺮ رأﻳﻬﻢ أﻧﻪ ﺣﻲ ﻳﺸﻖ ﺑﻄﻨﻬﺎ‬،‫اﻟﺸﻖ اﻷﻳﺴﺮ‬
Òhw` Mf©ve¯’vq †Kvb gwnjv gviv hvq Avi †mB gwnjvi †c‡U †h ev”Pv Av‡Q Zv RxweZ
e‡j Rvbv hvq, Zvn‡j g„Z gwnjvi †cU Aí KvUv n‡e| †Zgwb †c‡Ui ev”Pv RxweZ
nIqvi cÖej aviYv n‡jI †cU KvUv n‡e|Ó814
3. ev”Pv g„Z, gv RxweZ| G Ae¯’vi ûKzg n‡jv, hw` gv‡qi †cU KvUv e¨ZxZ Ab¨
†Kvb cš’vq c~Y© ev”Pv †ei Kiv m¤¢e nq, Zvn‡j †mB cš’v Aej¤^b Ki‡e| Ab¨_vq
†hvwbØvi w`‡q nvZ XzwK‡q ev”Pvi A½ cÖZ¨½ †ei Ki‡e| Avi hw` †hvwbØvi w`‡q nvZ
XywK‡q ev”Pv †ei Kivi †P‡q wmRv‡ii cš’vwU mnR nq, Zvn‡j mnR cš’vwU Aej¤^b
Ki‡e| Avi ev”Pv RxweZ n‡j ¯^vfvweKfv‡e RxweZ †ei Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j wmRvi
Kivi AbygwZ Av‡Q| dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
‫وإذا اﻋﺘﺮض اﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻄﻦ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻞ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺪوا ﺳﺒﻴﻼ ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺮاج اﻟﻮﻟﺪ إﻻ ﺑﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻮﻟﺪ إرﺑﺎ إرﺑﺎ وﻟﻮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻮا‬
‫ إن ﻛﺎن اﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻴﺘﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻄﻦ ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ وإن ﻛﺎن ﺣﻴﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻧﺮ ﺟﻮاز ﻗﻄﻊ اﻟﻮﻟﺪ‬:‫ذﻟﻚ ﻳﺨﺎف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷم ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
813 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/41, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
814 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/360, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 AvaywbK Acv‡ikb : mgm¨v I mgvavb 387
.‫إرﺑﺎ إرﺑﺎ‬
Òhw` gv‡qi †c‡U mšÍvb RxweZ _v‡K, Zvn‡j gv‡K euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ mšÍvb‡K †g‡i
†djv Ges †K‡U †ei Kiv †Kvbfv‡eB mgxPxb bq| eis Acv‡ikb K‡i mšÍvb †ei
Ki‡e|Ó815
4. gv I ev”Pv Df‡q RxweZ| G‡¶‡Î ev”Pv ¯^vfvweKfv‡e RxweZ f~wgó nIqvi m¤¢vebv
bv _vK‡j wmRv‡ii gva¨‡g †ei Kivi AbygwZ Av‡Q| KviY eZ©gvb hy‡M wPwKrmv
kv‡¯¿i DbœwZi d‡j wmRvi K‡i ev”Pv‡K wbivc‡` †ei Kiv hvq Ges ev”Pv I gv Dfq
RxweZ _vKvi m¤¢vebvI †ewk _v‡K| ZvB c~e© hy‡Mi Ijvgv‡`i gZvbyhvqx gv I ev”Pv
Dfq‡K Avcb Avcb Ae¯’vq †Q‡o bv w`‡q wmRv‡ii AbygwZ †`qvB AwaK hyw³hy³|
dvZvIqv‡q Bev`yi ingv‡b D‡jøL Av‡Q-

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Òhw` gv‡qi †c‡U mšÍvb RxweZ _v‡K, Zvn‡j gv‡K euvPvbvi Rb¨ mšÍvb‡K nZ¨v Kiv
Ges †K‡U †ei Kiv †Kvbfv‡eB mgxPxb bq; eis Acv‡ikb K‡i mšÍvb‡K †ei
Ki‡e|Ó816
wmRv‡ii gva¨‡g mšÍvb n‡j †bdv‡mi weavb
mšÍvb cªm‡ei ci ¯¿x †jv‡Ki †hvwbc_ w`‡q †h i³ wbM©Z nq, Zv‡K †bdvm e‡j|
¯^vfvweKfv‡e mšÍvb cÖme †nvK ev wmRv‡ii gva¨‡g mšÍvb cÖme †nvK| myZivs wmRv‡ii
gva¨‡g mšÍvb cÖm‡ei ci hw` ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki †hvwbc_ w`‡q i³ wbM©Z nq, Zvn‡j
†bdvmMÖ¯Í wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| †Kbbv, †bdvmMÖ¯Í n‡Z n‡j ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki †hvwbc_ w`‡q
i³ wbM©Z nIqv Riæix| Avi hw` wmRv‡ii ci †hvwbc_ w`‡q i³ †ei bv nq, eis
ïay KwZ©Z †cU ev cuvRi w`‡q i³ †ei nq, Zvn‡j †bdvmMÖ¯Í wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e bv|
eis Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMx e‡j MY¨ n‡e| myZivs Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMxi g‡Zv bvgvh †ivhv
BZ¨vw` Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
‫ ﺗﻜﻮن ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺔ ﺟﺮح ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻻ‬،‫ ﺑﺄن ﻛﺎن ﺑﺒﻄﻨﻬﺎ ﺟﺮح ﻓﺎﻧﺸﻘﺖ وﺧﺮج اﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬،‫وﻟﻮ وﻟﺪت ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺳﺮﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺣﻴﻨﺌﺬ‬،‫ إﻻ إذا ﺧﺮج ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﺮج دم ﻋﻘﻴﺐ ﺧﺮوج اﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺮة‬.«‫ ﻫﻜﺬا ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻈﻬﻴﺮﻳﺔ« و»اﻟﺘﺒﻴﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻧﻔﺴﺎء‬
.«‫ ﻫﻜﺬا ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﺒﻴﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻳﻜﻮن ﻧﻔﺎﺳﺎ‬
Òhw` bvwf w`‡q †Kvb gwnjv mšÍvb cÖme K‡i, Gfv‡e †h gwnjvi †c‡U †Kvb RLg
815 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/360, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
816 dvZvIqv‡q Bev`yi ingvb: 5/212, `viæj BdZv IqvZ ZvnKxK, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
388 `imyj wdK&n
wQ‡jv Avi †m RLgUv †K‡U †djvq †mLvb w`‡q mšÍvb †ei n‡q Avm‡j H RLgIqvjx
gwnjv‡K i³ cÖevwnZv aiv n‡e, †bdvmMª¯Í aiv n‡e bv| wKš‘ bvwf w`‡q mšÍvb †ei
nIqvi ci hw` j¾v¯’vb w`‡q i³ †ei nq, Zvn‡j H i³‡K †bdv‡mi i³ aiv
n‡e|Ó817
mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
01 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

817 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/37, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb; 1/91, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 389

e¨v‡ÛR I Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMxi cweÎZvi weavb

gvIjvbv Avey eKi gvwbKMÄx
gvbe Rxeb ˆewPÎgq| KL‡bv my¯Z’ v KL‡bv Amy¯Z
’ v| Bmjv‡g my¯’ Ae¯’vi wewaweavb
‡hgb i‡q‡Q †Zgwb i‡q‡Q Amy¯’ e¨w³i Rb¨I h_vh_ wewa wb‡la| wb‡gœ †ivMvµvšÍ
e¨w³i cweÎZv m¤ú‡K© wKQz RwUjZv I Zvi kiÔqx mgvavb Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
e¨v‡ÛR cÖm½
Rxeb Pjvi c‡_ wewfbœ `yN©Ubvi gy‡LvgywL n‡Z nq| d‡j KL‡bv AvµvšÍ nq gvbe
A½| Avi Zvi wPwKrmvi Rb¨ KL‡bv cÖ‡qvRb c‡o e¨v‡Û‡Ri| †h‡nZz e¨v‡ÛR
Ae¯’vqI bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡Z nq ZvB e¨v‡ÛR Ae¯’vq cweÎZv AR©b msµvšÍ wKQz
gvmAvjv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
e¨v‡Û‡Ri cwiPq I cÖKvi
wdK‡ni wKZvemg~n Aa¨q‡bi ci e¨v‡Û‡Ri e¨vcv‡i †gvU wZb ai‡bi kã cvIqv
hvq|
1. ‫( اﻟﺠﺒﻴﺮة‬Rvexiv): fv½v nvo h_v¯’v‡b emv‡bvi Rb¨ †h KvôdjK †eu‡a ivLv nq|818
2. ‫( اﻟﻌﺼﺎب واﻟﻌﺼﺎﺑﺔ‬Bmve, Bmvevn): Ggb iægvj ev Kvc‡oi UzKiv A_ev euv‡ki evZv
hv fv½v nvo †Rvov jvMv‡bvi Rb¨ ev ¶Z¯’vb fvj Kivi Rb¨ euvav nq|819
3. ‫( اﻟﻠﺼﻮق واﻟﻠﺰوق‬jym~K, jyh~K): AvµvšÍ A‡½i wPwKrmvi Rb¨ Zzjv ev Kvc‡oi UzK‡iv
Øviv †h euvab †`qv nq|820
DwjøwLZ wZb cÖKvi A‡bKUv KvQvKvwQ| eZ©gv‡b G¸‡jv‡K e¨v‡ÛR ejv nq|
e¨v‡ÛR Ae¯’vq Ahy
hw` Ahyi †Kvb A‡½ e¨v‡ÛR _v‡K Zvn‡j Ahyi mgq e¨v‡ÛR †Lvjv m¤¢e n‡j Zv Ly‡j
A½wU hZUzKz m¤¢e ay‡q wb‡e| Avi †avqvI m¤¢e bv n‡j mivmwi RL‡gi Dci gv‡mn
Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zvi Avkcvk ay‡q wb‡Z n‡e|
nhiZ Be‡b RyivBR ivn. e‡jb
‫ أو ﻗﺮﺣﺔ ﻳﺴﻴﺮة أﻳﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺼﺎب أو‬،‫ﻋﺼﺎب‬
ٌ ٍ ‫دﻣﻞ ﻓﻲ ذراع‬
‫رﺟﻞ‬ ٍ ‫ أرأﻳﺖ إن ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ‬: ‫ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻌﻄﺎء‬

818 Avj Kvgymyj wdKnx: 58, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgqv, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
819 Avj Kvgymyj wdKnx: 251, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgqv, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
820 Avj gvDm~AvZzj wdKwnq¨vn: 15/106
390 `imyj wdK&n
.‫ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻳﺴﻴﺮة ﻓﺄﺣﺐ أن ﻳﻨـﺰع اﻟﻌﺼﺎﺋﺐ‬: ‫ﻳﻨـﺰﻋﻪ؟ ﻗﺎل‬
ÒAvwg nhiZ AvZv ivn. †K wRÁvmv Kijvg, †h e¨w³i evû‡Z ¶Z i‡q‡Q Ges Zvi
Dci cwÆ euvav i‡q‡Q A_ev Zvi mvgvb¨ RLg i‡q‡Q Ggb e¨w³i cweÎZv AR©‡bi
c×wZi e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi gZ Kx? †m wK cwÆi Dci gv‡mn Ki‡e bv cwÆ Ly‡j †dj‡e?
wZwb ej‡jb, hw` RLg nvjKv nq Zvn‡j cwÆ Ly‡j ay‡q †bqvUvB Avwg cQ›` Kwi|Ó821
mivmwi RL‡gi Dci gv‡mn Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j e¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡mn Ki‡e| G wel‡q
Bgvg evqnvKx ivn. bv‡dÕ ivn. m~‡Î Be‡b Igi ivwh. Gi Avgj eY©bv K‡ib-
822.‫ذﻟﻚ‬ ‫أﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺿﺄ وﻛﻔﻪ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﻓﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺼﺎﺋﺐ وﻏﺴﻞ ﺳﻮى‬
ÒBe‡b Igi ivwh. Gi nv‡Zi Kwâ‡Z e¨v‡ÛR _vKvq Ahyi mgq e¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡mn
K‡i‡Qb Ges evwK Ask ay‡q wb‡q‡Qb|Ó823
nhiZ Be‡b RyivBR ivn. e‡jb,
‫ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻋﺼﺎب ﻳﺪﻩ‬،‫ وﺣﺴﺒﻪ‬،‫ ﻳﻤﺴﺢ اﻟﻌﺼﺎﺑﺔ وﺣﺪﻩ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل‬، ‫ رﺟﻞ ﻣﻜﺴﻮر اﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﺼﻮب ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬: ‫ﻗﻠﺖ ﻟﻌﻄﺎء‬
.‫ﺑﻤﻨـﺰﻟﺔ ﻳﺪﻩ‬
ÒAvwg nhiZ AvZv ivn. †K wRÁvmv Kijvg, nvZ fv½vi Kvi‡Y e¨v‡ÛRK…Z e¨w³i
(Ahy †Mvm‡ji) ûKzg Kx? wZwb ej‡jb, ïay e¨v‡Û‡Ri ¯’vb (‡fRv nvZ Øviv) gv‡mn
Ki‡e| G‡¶‡Î nv‡Zi Dci euvav cwÆ nv‡Zi ¯’jvwfwl³|Ó824
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﺛﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ )أي اﻟﺠﺒﺎﺋﺮ( إﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻮز إذا ﺿﺮﻩ اﻟﻐﺴﻞ أو اﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻘﺮﺣﺔ أو اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ‬
Òe¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡mn Kiv H mgq Rv‡qh hLb ¶Z¯’vb †avqv ev mivmwi Zvi Dci
gv‡mn Kiv †ivMxi Rb¨ ¶wZKi|Ó825
ZvI hw` m¤¢e bv nq, Zvn‡j D³ A½ ev` w`‡qB Ahy m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| D‡jøL¨, hw`
Ahyi AwaKvsk A‡½ e¨v‡ÛR _v‡K, Zvn‡j Ahyi cwie‡Z© Zvqv¤§yg K‡i bvgvh Av`vq
Ki‡e| Avjøvgv Beªvnxg nvjvex ivn. e‡jb-
.‫إذا ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ أﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﻮﺿﻮء ﻛﻠﻬﺎ أو ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﺟﺮاﺣﺔ ﻳﺘﻴﻤﻢ‬

821 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 1/160 nv`xm bs 618, mb`wU mnxn|

.‫ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫ رواﻩ اﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺴﻨﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى« وﻗﺎل‬822
823 mybv‡b evqnvKx: nv`xm bs 1080
824 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi ivh&hvK: 1/161 nv`xm bs 619, mb`wU mnxn|
825 dvZûj Kv`xi: 1/161, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
 e¨v‡ÛR I Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMxi cweÎZvi weavb 391
ÒAhyi mKj A‡½ ev AwaKvsk A‡½ RLg n‡j, Zvqv¤§yg Ki‡e|Ó826
e¨v‡ÛR Ae¯’vq †Mvmj
e¨v‡ÛR Ae¯’vq †Mvm‡ji ûKzg cÖvq Ahyi gZB| A_©vr e¨v‡ÛR Ae¯’vq †Mvmj dih
n‡j e¨v‡ÛR Ly‡j †Mvmj Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e hw` e¨v‡ÛR †Lvjv m¤¢e bv nq ev RL‡gi
¯’v‡b cvwb †cuŠQ‡j ¶wZi Avk¼v nq, Zvn‡j e¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡mn K‡i evwK A‡½
cvwb †cuŠQv‡jB cweÎZv AR©b n‡q hv‡e|
D‡jøL¨ †h, kix‡ii AwaKvsk ¯’v‡b hw` e¨v‡ÛR ev RLg _v‡K Ges G‡Z cvwb e¨envi
¶wZKi nq, A_ev wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b RLg nIqvq †Kvb Kvi‡Y cvwb e¨envi m¤¢e bv nq,
Zvn‡j †Mvm‡ji cwie‡Z© Zvqv¤§yg K‡i bvgvh co‡Z cvi‡e|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-

 lkjihg ...]\ [Z   YX

Òhw` †Zvgiv iæMœ nI ev md‡i _vK... AZtci cvwb bv cvI Zvn‡j †Zvgiv cweÎ
gvwU Øviv Zvqv¤§yg K‡i bvI|Ó827
Bgvg Avey eKi Rvmmvm ivn. AvqvZwU D‡jøL K‡i e‡jb-
.‫ وﺗﺮك اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺎء‬،‫ﻓﺴﻮى ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺮض وﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺪم اﻟﻤﺎء ﻓﻲ ﺟﻮاز اﻟﺘﻴﻤﻢ‬
Òcvwb e¨env‡ii cwie‡Z© Zvqv¤§yg ˆea nIqvi †¶‡Î cvwb bv cvIqv I Amy¯v’ i IRi
GK ch©v‡qi|Ó828
nhiZ Rv‡ei ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻫﻞ ﺗﺠﺪون‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺴﺄل أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ اﺣﺘﻠﻢ‬،‫ﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻓﺄﺻﺎب رﺟﻼ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺣﺠﺮ ﻓﺸﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ رأﺳﻪ‬
‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺪﻣﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬،‫ ﻓﺎﻏﺘﺴﻞ ﻓﻤﺎت‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺠﺪ ﻟﻚ رﺧﺼﺔ وأﻧﺖ ﺗﻘﺪر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺎء‬:‫ﻟﻲ رﺧﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻴﻤﻢ؟ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا‬
‫ إﻧﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن‬،‫ أﻻ ﺳﺄﻟﻮا إذ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻮا ﻓﺈﻧﻤﺎ ﺷﻔﺎء اﻟﻌﻰ اﻟﺴﺆال‬،‫ ﻗﺘﻠﻮﻩ ﻗﺘﻠﻬﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫اﻟﻨﺒﻰ
أﺧﺒﺮ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ ﺷﻚ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺮﺣﻪ ﺧﺮﻗﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وﻳﻐﺴﻞ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬.«‫ﻳﻜﻔﻴﻪ أن ﻳﺘﻴﻤﻢ وﻳﻌﺼﺮ أو »ﻳﻌﺼﺐ‬
829.‫ﺟﺴﺪﻩ‬

Ò†Kvb GK md‡i Avgv‡`i GK mv_xi gv_vq cv_‡ii cÖPÐ AvNvZ jv‡M| Gici Zvi
¯^cœ‡`vl n‡j mv_x‡`i wbKU wRÁvmv Kij, (G Ae¯’vq) Avgvi Zvqv¤§yg Kivi my‡hvM
826 ¸bBqvZzj gyZvgvjøx: 57, `viæj wKZve, †`Ie›`
827 m~iv gv‡q`vn: 6
828 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex: 1/424, gvKZvevZzj Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

.‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺮ« ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻴﻤﻢ‬،‫ وﺻﺤﺤﻪ اﺑﻦ اﻟﺴﻜﻦ‬، ‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ أﺑﻮ داود ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ« وﺳﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ‬829
392 `imyj wdK&n
Av‡Q wK? mv_xiv ejj, Zzwg cvwb e¨envi Ki‡Z m¶g nIqvq Zvqv¤§yg Kivi †Kvb
my‡hvM bvB| AZtci †m †Mvmj Kivi d‡j gviv †M‡jv| ivm~j Gi wbKU G
welqwU Rvbv‡bv n‡j wZwb ej‡jb, Zviv †Zv Zv‡K nZ¨v K‡i †d‡j‡Q| welqwU hLb
Zv‡`i Rvbv wQ‡jv bv Zviv †Kb wRÁvmv Ki‡jv bv? †Kbbv AÁZvi wbivgq n‡jv
wRÁvmv Kiv| Zvi Rb¨ †Zv GUvB h‡_ó wQ‡jv †h, †m Zvqv¤§yg Ki‡e A_ev RL‡g
e¨v‡ÛR †eu‡a Zvi Dci gv‡mn Ki‡e I c~Y© kixi ay‡q wb‡e|Ó830
Avjøvgv Beivnxg nvjvex ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وإن‬.... ‫ﺟﻨﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ ﺟﺮاﺣﺔ أو ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﺜﺮﻩ أي أﻛﺜﺮ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ ﺟﺮاﺣﺔ أو ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪري ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻴﻤﻢ‬
... ‫ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ أﻗﻠﻪ أي أﻗﻞ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ أو أﻋﻀﺎء وﺿﻮﺋﻪ ﺟﺮاﺣﺔ وأﻛﺜﺮﻩ أي أﻛﺜﺮ اﻟﺒﺪن أو أﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﻮﺿﻮء ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
.‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ وﻳﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺠﺮوح إﻟﺦ‬
ÒbvcvK e¨w³i m¤ú~Y© ev AwaKvsk kix‡i hw` ¶Z ev RjemšÍ nq, Zvn‡j †m Zvqv¤§yg
Ki‡e| Avi kix‡i ev Ahyi A‡½i Aí RvqMv ¶Z I †ewk RvqMv fvj n‡j, fvj
¯’vbUzKz ay‡q wb‡e Ges ¶Z¯’v‡b gv‡mn Ki‡e|Ó831
eZ©gv‡b fv½v nvo †Rvov †`qvi Rb¨ cøv÷vi Kiv nq| Gi cweÎZvi weavbI e¨v‡Û‡Ri
gZB| gydZx ikx` Avngv` jywaqvbfx ivn. e‡jb-

0 >
© 9 %¨ §
Òcøv÷vi e¨v‡Û‡Ri ûKz‡gi AšÍf©y³|Ó832
e¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡m‡ni c×wZ
gvmAvjv: e¨v‡ÛR I cwÆ BZ¨vw`i †¶‡Î DËg n‡jv m¤ú~Y© e¨v‡ÛR I cwÆi Dci
gv‡mn Kiv| Z‡e A‡a©‡Ki †ewk As‡ki Dci gv‡mn Ki‡jI Ahy n‡q hv‡e| wKš‘
mgvb A‡a©K ev A‡a©‡Ki †P‡q Kg As‡ki Dci gv‡mn Ki‡j Ahy n‡e bv| Avjøvgv
Beivnxg nvjvex ivn. e‡jb-
.‫إن ﻣﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ أﺟﺰأﻩ وإن ﻣﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺼﻒ أو أﻗﻞ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز‬
Òe¨v‡Û‡Ri AwaKvsk ¯’v‡bi Dci gv‡mn Kiv h‡_ó n‡e| (cy‡iv e¨v‡ÛR gv‡mn Kiv
Avek¨K bq) Z‡e A‡a©K ev Zvi †_‡K Kg e¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡mn Ki‡j, gv‡mn
mnxn n‡e bv|Ó833

830 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 336

831 ¸bBqvZzj gyZvgvjøx: 57, `viæj wKZve †`Ie›`; `ªóe¨, kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex
832 Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 2/63, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
833 ¸bBqvZzj gyZvgjøx: 102, `viæj wKZve †`Ie›`
 e¨v‡ÛR I Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMxi cweÎZvi weavb 393
gvmAvjv: hw` †Kvb e¨w³ AcweÎ ev Ahy Qvov Ae¯’vq e¨v‡ÛR ev cwÆ euv‡a, Zvn‡j
Zvi Rb¨ H e¨v‡ÛR ev cwÆi Dci gv‡mn Kiv Rv‡qh| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx
ivn. e‡jb-
ٍ
.‫وﻏﺴﻞ‬ (‫)وﻳﺠﻮز( أي ﻳﺼﺢ ﻣﺴﺤﻬﺎ )وﻟﻮ ﺷﺪت ﺑﻼ وﺿﻮء‬
ÒAcweÎ Ae¯’vq e¨v‡ÛR cwiavb Ki‡jI Zvi Dci gv‡mn Kiv Rv‡qh|Ó834
gv‡mn KLb f½ n‡e?
gvmAvjv: hw` RLg fv‡jv nIqvi c~‡e©B nVvr e¨v‡ÛR ev cwÆ Ly‡j hvq, Zvn‡j c~‡e©i
gv‡mn bó n‡e bv| eis gv‡mn evwK _vK‡e| ‡m cybivq cwÆ ev e¨v‡ÛR †eu‡a wb‡e|
Avi hw` RLg fv‡jv nIqvi ci †Lv‡j Ges cwÆ ev e¨v‡ÛR euvavi cÖ‡qvRb bv nq,
Zvn‡j gv‡mn †f‡½ hv‡e| Z‡e Ahy _vK‡j cybivq Ahy bv K‡i ïay H ¯’vbwU ay‡q
bvgvh co‡Z cvi‡e|
‫ وإن ﺳﻘﻄﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺮء ﺑﻄﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ وﻳﺠﺐ‬،‫إذا ﺳﻘﻄﺖ اﻟﺠﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﻻ ﻋﻦ ﺑﺮء ﻻ ﻳﻠﺰﻣﻪ اﻟﻐﺴﻞ وﻻ ﻳﺒﻄﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ‬
.‫ﻏﺴﻞ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
Ò¶Z¯’vb fvj nIqvi c~‡e©B hw` cwÆ Ly‡j hvq Zvn‡j (cwÆi wb‡P) †avqv Avek¨K
bq Ges G‡Z gv‡mnI evwZj n‡e bv| Avi hw` ¶Z¯’vb cwic~Y© fvj nIqvi Kvi‡Y
cwÆ Ly‡j hvq, Zvn‡j gv‡mn evwZj nIqvq we‡klfv‡e H ¯’vbwU ay‡q †bqv
IqvwRe|Ó835
gvmAvjv: †Kvb e¨w³ ¶Z¯’v‡b GKvwaK cwÆ ev e¨v‡ÛR †eu‡a Dc‡ii cwÆ ev e¨v‡Û‡R
gv‡mn K‡i bvgvh BZ¨vw` Av`vq Kij, nVvr Zvi Dc‡ii e¨v‡ÛRwU Ly‡j †M‡jv ev
cÖ‡qvRb bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y Ly‡j †djj| GgZve¯’vq H e¨w³i c~‡e©i gv‡mn Aewkó
_vK‡e| Z‡e cybivq gv‡mn Kiv DËg| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻟﻮ ﺑﺪﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺄﺧﺮى أو ﺳﻘﻄﺖ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺠﺐ إﻋﺎدة اﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺑﻞ ﻳﻨﺪب‬
ÒAvi euvavBK…Z e¨v‡ÛR cwieZ©b Kiv n‡j ev Dc‡ii cwÆ c‡o †M‡j (ïay wb‡PiwU
euvav _vK‡j) cybivq gv‡mn Kiv IqvwRe bq eis gy¯Ívnve|Ó836
KwZ©Z A‡½i cweÎZv
KL‡bv †ivMvµvšÍ nvZ-cv Acv‡ikb K‡i †K‡U †djvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GgZve¯’vq
†ivMxi Ahy †Mvm‡ji weavb Kx n‡e †m wel‡q wKQz Av‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|

834 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 1/470, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

835 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/89, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
836 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 1/470, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
394 `imyj wdK&n
gvmAvjv: hw` nv‡Zi KbyBmn ev cv‡qi UvLby wMivmn Acv‡ikb K‡i †K‡U †djv nq,
ZLb Ahy‡Z †avqvi ûKzg gvd n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e D³ A‡½i wKQz Ask evwK _vK‡j Zv
†avqv IqvwRe|
.‫ وﻟﻮ ﺑﻘﻲ وﺟﺐ‬،‫ ﺳﻘﻂ اﻟﻐﺴﻞ‬،‫وﻟﻮ ﻗﻄﻌﺖ ﻳﺪﻩ أو رﺟﻠﻪ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺒﻖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻓﻖ واﻟﻜﻌﺐ ﺷﻲء‬
Òhw` Kv‡iv nvZ-cv KbyB ev UvLbymn †K‡U †djv nq, Zvn‡j nvZ-cv †avqvi ûKzg
gvd n‡q hv‡e| Avi KbyB I UvLbyi wKQz Ask evwK _vK‡j Zv ay‡Z n‡e|Ó837
ms‡hvwRZ A‡½i Ahy ‡Mvm‡ji weavb
K…wÎg nvZ-cv hw` Ggbfv‡e ms‡hvRb Kiv nq, hvi d‡j Zv kix‡ii As‡k cwiYZ
n‡q hvq Ges Acv‡ikb BZ¨vw` Qvov mn‡R wew”Qbœ Kiv bv hvq, Zvn‡j ¯^vfvweK nvZ-
cv‡qi g‡Zv Ahy ‡Mvm‡ji mgq Zv †avqv Riæix| Avi hw` Ggb bv nq; eis mn‡RB
Ly‡j ivLv hvq, Zvn‡j Ahy ‡Mvm‡ji mgq Zv Ly‡j g~j A½ ay‡Z n‡e|
‫ وﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻀﻮ‬،‫وﻳﺠﺐ ﻏﺴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎ ﻣﻦ أﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﻮﺿﻮء ﻣﻦ اﻹﺻﺒﻊ اﻟﺰاﺋﺪة واﻟﻜﻒ اﻟﺰاﺋﺪة‬
.‫ وﻻ ﻳﻠﺰم ﻏﺴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻮﻗﻪ‬،‫ﻏﺴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻳﺤﺎذي ﻣﺤﻞ اﻟﻔﺮض‬
ÒRb¥MZfv‡e m„ó Ahyi A½-cÖZ¨‡½i mv‡_ hy³ AwZwi³ Av½yj I AwZwi³ nv‡Zi
Kwâ _vK‡j Zv †avqv Avek¨K| Z‡e AwZwi³ m„ó A½ Ahyi A‡½i evB‡i n‡j hZUzKz
Ahyi A‡½i eivei n‡e Z‡ZvUzKz †avqv Riæix; Dc‡ii Ask †avqv Avek¨K bq|Ó838
†PvL Acv‡ik‡bi ci Ahy †Mvm‡ji ûKzg
gvmAvjv: †PvL Acv‡ik‡bi ci hw` AwfÁ †Kvb Wv³vi †Pv‡L cvwb jvMv‡Z wb‡la
K‡ib, Zvn‡j my¯’ nIqv ch©šÍ Ahyi mgq †PvL gv‡mn K‡i h_vwbq‡g Ahy Ki‡Z n‡e|
A_©vr †PvL Qvov †Pnvivi evwK Ask Ges nvZ-cv UvLbymn ay‡q wb‡e I gv_v gv‡mn
Ki‡e| †Mvm‡ji †¶‡Î kix‡ii †h As‡k cvwb †cuŠQv‡j †Pv‡L cvwb jvMvi Avk¼v
_v‡K †m AskI gv‡mn Ki‡e| Avi evwK As‡k cvwb †X‡j †Mvmj m¤úbœ Ki‡e|
Avjøvgv Beivnxg nvjvex ivn. e‡jb-
‫ﻓﺘﺤﻘﻘﺖ اﻟﻀﺮورة إﻟﻰ ﺟﻮاز اﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺰاﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ أﻳﻀﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻳﻀﺮﻩ ﺟﻠﻬﺎ ﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬
.‫ وإن ﻛﺎن ﻻ ﻳﻀﺮﻩ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ وﻏﺴﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬،‫اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ‬
ÒcÖ‡qvR‡b RL‡gi ¯’v‡bi mv‡_ G cwigvY fvj ¯’vbI gv‡mn Ki‡e hv †avqv RL‡gi
Rb¨ ¶wZKi| Z‡e fvj ¯’vb †avqv ¶wZKi bv n‡j ïay RL‡gi Dci gv‡mn

837 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/54, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

838 dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 1/200, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; Rv`x` wdK&nx gvmvBj: 1/88
 e¨v‡ÛR I Acv‡ik‡bi †ivMxi cweÎZvi weavb 395
Ki‡e|Ó839
D‡jøL¨, hw` †fRv nv‡Z †PvL gv‡mn Kiv bv hvq, Zvn‡j †Pv‡Li Dci †Kvb Kvco
†i‡L Zvi Dci gv‡mn Ki‡e| Gfv‡eI hw` gv‡mn Kiv m¤¢e bv nq, Zvn‡j †PvL
gv‡mn QvovB Ahy/‡Mvmj K‡i bvgvh co‡e| Avjøvgv Beªvnxg nvjvex ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وإن ﻛﺎن ﻳﻀﺮﻩ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ ﻳﺸﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺼﺎﺑﺔ وﻳﻤﺴﺢ ﻓﻮق اﻟﻌﺼﺎﺑﺔ‬
ÒRL‡g gv‡mn Kiv ¶wZKi n‡j e¨v‡ÛR †eu‡a Zvi Dci gv‡mn Ki‡e|Ó840
Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﺧﻼف ﻓﻲ أﻧﻪ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﺒﻴﺮة ﻳﻀﺮﻩ أﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﻘﻂ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﺢ‬
Òe¨v‡Û‡Ri Dci gv‡mn ¶wZKi n‡j gv‡m‡ni ûKzgI iwnZ n‡q hv‡e|Ó841
gvmAvjv: hw` †Pv‡Li †fZ‡i †Kvb eªY ev †MvUv M‡j hvq ev Acv‡ikb K‡i Mwj‡q
†`qv nq, d‡j Gi cvwb †Pv‡Li †fZi Qwo‡q c‡o| wKš‘ †Pv‡Li evB‡i †ei n‡jv bv,
Zvn‡j Ahy bó n‡e bv| Avi hw` †m cvwb Mwo‡q †Pv‡Li evB‡i c‡o, Zvn‡j fvs‡e|
.‫ وﻟﻢ ﻳﺨﺮج ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻘﺾ اﻟﺦ‬،‫ وﺳﺎل ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬،‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﻗﺸﺮت ﻧﻔﻄﺔ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻌﻴﻦ‬
Ò†Pv‡Li †fZ‡i m„ó †MvUv †d‡U wM‡q Zvi cvwb †ei n‡q †Pv‡Li mxgv AwZµg bv
Ki‡j Ahy f½ n‡e bv|Ó842
gvmAvjv: †Pv‡L Qvbx cov RL‡gi g‡Zv| †Pv‡L Qvbx covi Kvi‡Y hw` †PvL †_‡K
†Kvb wKQz Mwo‡q c‡o, Zvn‡j Ahy bó n‡e|
.‫ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﻨﻘﺾ اﻟﻮﺿﻮء‬،‫واﻟﻐﺮب ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻴﻦ ﺑﻤﻨـﺰﻟﺔ اﻟﺠﺮح‬
Ò‡Pv‡Li Qvwb RL‡gi b¨vq| ZvB †mLvb †_‡K cvwb Mwo‡q †Pv‡Li evB‡i co‡j Zv
Øviv Ahy †f‡½ hv‡e|Ó843
gvmAvjv: ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq †PvL †_‡K †h cvwb †ei nq, Zv m¤ú~Y© cvK| G‡Z Ahy
bó n‡e bv| †Zgwb mvaviY Amy¯Z ’ vi Kvi‡Y †PvL †_‡K †h ¯^”Q cvwb †ei nq, ZvI
cvK| Z‡e †PvLRwbZ †iv‡Mi Kvi‡Y †PvL †_‡K hw` †Nvjv cvwb †ei nq Ges †Kvb
AwfÁ Wv³vi Zv‡K cyR e‡jb ev †ivMxi cÖej aviYv g‡Z Zv cuyR, Zvn‡j Zv bvcvK
Ges †ei nIqvi Kvi‡Y Ahy bó n‡q hv‡e|

839 ¸bBqvZzj gyZvgvjøx: 103, `viæj wKZve †`Ie›`

840 ¸bBqvZzj gyZvgvjøx: 58, `viæj wKZve †`Ie›`
841 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 1/321, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
842 ¸bBqvZzj gyZvgvjøx: 115, `viæj wKZve †`Ie›`
843 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/62 `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
396 `imyj wdK&n
‫ إﻟﺦ‬.‫ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ رﻣﺪ ﻳﺴﻴﻞ دﻣﻬﺎ ﻳﺆﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺿﻮء ﻟﻜﻞ وﻗﺖ ﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺻﺪﻳﺪا‬
ÒcÖ`v‡ni Kvi‡Y †PvL †_‡K cvwb †ei n‡j, cÖ‡Z¨K bvgv‡hi Iqv‡³ Ahy Ki‡Z n‡e|
†Kbbv, G cvwb cyuR nIqvi m¤¢vebv iv‡L|Ó844

mZ¨vq‡b

kvBLyj Bmjvg Avjøvgv kvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

Avng` kwd nvwdhvûgyjøvn gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
gynZvwgg I kvBLyj nv`xm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix 02 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.
02 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

844 dvZûj Kv`xi: 1/187, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

 397

wUwf †`Lvi kiÔqx weavb

gvIjvbv wkejx mv‡`K XvKv
hy‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avwe®‹„Z n‡”Q wbZ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq nvRv‡iv hš¿cvwZ|
†hvMv‡hvM Ges cÖPvi gva¨gI w`b w`b DbœZ n‡”Q| Gme cÖPvi gva¨g¸‡jvi Ab¨Zg
n‡jv wUwf, hvi cÖPjb N‡U‡Q e¨vcKfv‡e| gvbyl ïay wUwfi mvgwqK DcKvwiZv †`‡L
kiÔqx w`K we‡ePbv bv K‡i wbwØ©avq Gi e¨vcK e¨envi ïiæ K‡i‡Q| ZvB GLv‡b
wUwfi jvf ¶wZi w`K Zz‡j a‡i kiÔqx mgvavb †ck Kiv n‡jv|
K‡qKwU kiÔqx g~jbxwZ
wUwf †`Lvi kiÔqx weavb Kx? G wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© KwZcq kiÔqx g~jbxwZi
Av‡jvPbv AZxe Riæix| †h g~jbxwZmg~‡ni Av‡jv‡K Aaybv G h‡š¿ †h †Kvb †cÖvMÖvg
cÖPvi I †`Lvi weavb wbY©q Kiv hv‡e| kiÔqx g~jbxwZ¸‡jv n‡”Q-
1g g~jbxwZ: kixÔAv‡Z †h †Kvb e¯‘i ûKzg wbY©q Kivi †¶‡Î Kvh©Z Zvi jvf-¶wZi
Zzjbvg~jK wePviwUI mwe‡kl j¶Yxq n‡q _v‡K| †hgb, †Kvb GKwU Kv‡R wKQz
DcKvi nq, Avevi ¶wZI nq| G‡¶‡Î kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½ n‡jv, Ôe„nËg ¶wZ †_‡K
i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ ¶z`ªZg jvf cwiZ¨vM Kiv|Õ
kiÔqx G g~jbxwZwU KziAvbyj Kvix‡gi wb‡gœv³ AvqvZ †_‡K my¯úó-
 ÄÃÂÁÀ¿¾½  ¼»º¹¸¶µ´
ÒZviv †Zvgv‡K g` I Ryqv m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám K‡i| ej, Df‡qi g‡a¨ Av‡Q gnvcvc
Ges gvby‡li DcKviI; Z‡e G¸‡jvi cvc DcKvi A‡c¶v A‡bK eo|Ó845
D³ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq gydZx kdx ivn. e‡jb, ÔKziAvbyj Kvix‡gi G AvqvZwU‡Z g`
I Ryqvi wKQz DcKv‡ii K_v ¯^xKvi Kiv n‡jI e¯‘Z Zv †_‡K weiZ _vKvi civgk©
†`qv n‡q‡Q| KviY, g` I Ryqvq hw`I evwn¨K `„wó‡Z wKQz DcKvwiZv cwijw¶Z nq|
Z‡e `yÕwUi gva¨‡gB A‡bK eo eo cv‡ci c_ Db¥y³ nq, hv Gi DcKvwiZvi Zzjbvq
A‡bK ‡ewk ¶wZKi| AZGe, D³ Avqv‡Z Kvixgv †_‡K GKwU g~jbxwZ ev Dm~j
†evSv †Mj, Zv n‡jv †Kvb e¯‘ ev Kv‡R mvgwqK DcKvi ev jvf _vK‡j kixÔAvZ G‡K
nvivg Ki‡Z cv‡ibv, Ggb bq| †Kbbv, †h Lv`¨ ev Jl‡a DcKv‡ii †P‡q ¶wZB
†ewk, †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB Zv cÖKZ … DcKvix e‡j ¯^xKvi Kiv hvq bv| Ab¨_vq c„w_exi
me‡P‡q Lvivc e¯‘‡ZI wKQz bv wKQz DcKvi _vKv †gv‡UI wewPÎ bq| cÖvY msnviK
wel, mvc-we”Qz ev wnsmª cÖvYxi g‡a¨I wKQz bv wKQz DcKvwiZvi w`K Aek¨B Luy‡R
cvIqv hvq|

845 m~iv evKviv: 219

398 `imyj wdK&n
wKš‘ mvgwMÖKfv‡e Af¨šÍixY w`K w`‡q †hme e¯‘i DcKv‡ii Zzjbvq ¶wZB †ewk,
kixÔAvZ †m¸‡jv‡KI nvivg mve¨¯Í K‡i‡Q| Pzwi-WvKvwZ, whbv-e¨vwfPvi, cÖZviYv
BZ¨vw` Ggb Kx Av‡Q, hv‡Z †Kvb DcKvi †bB? wKQz bv wKQz DcKvi bv _vK‡j †Kvb
gvbylB Gi av‡i Kv‡Q †hZ bv| Z‡e †h‡nZz Gm‡ei DcKv‡ii †P‡q ¶wZB †ewk
GRb¨ †Kvb eyw×gvb †jvK G¸‡jv‡K DcKvix ev ˆea ej‡e bv| Bmjvgx kixÔAvn GB
g~jbxwZi wfwˇZB g`-Ryqv‡K nvivg K‡i‡Q| Gfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ wRwbm †h¸‡jv‡Z
mvgwqK DcKvi nq e‡U, wKš‘ Zv‡Z ¶wZI i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv‡KI nvivg K‡i‡Q| hvi
wKQz Dcgv Dc‡i D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|Õ846
2q g~jbxwZ: f~wgKvq DwjøwLZ m~iv Avj evKvivi Avqv‡Z Kvixgv †_‡K GK_v
cÖZxqgvb nq, hv GKwU wdKnx g~jbxwZI e‡U| Zv n‡jv, ÔDcKvi nvwmj Kivi Zzjbvq
¶wZ‡iva Kiv‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`qv we‡aq|Õ
3q g~jbxwZ: kixÔAv‡Z A‡bK welq Ggb Av‡Q hv †gŠwjKfv‡e gyevn n‡jI †Kvb bv
†Kvbfv‡e ¸bvni gva¨g nIqvq ch©vqµ‡g Zv wbwl× Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
Bgvg Kvivdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﻛﻤﺎ أن وﺳﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺮم ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺔ ﻓﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ واﺟﺒﺔ‬
Ò‡hfv‡e nviv‡gi gva¨g nvivg †Zgwb IqvwR‡ei gva¨gI IqvwRe|Ó847
g~j welq m¤ú‡K© ch©v‡jvPbv
†Uwjwfkb wesk kZvãx‡Z (1925 wLª.) Avwe¯‹…Z GKwU hš¿ we‡kl| cÖhyw³i DbœwZi
d‡j G‡Z A‡bK AvaywbKvqb mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| c~‡e©vwjøwLZ g~jbxwZ Abyhvqx
†Uwjwfk‡bi cwiPq I Zvi jvf-¶wZi w`K wb‡q wePvi we‡kølY Avek¨Kxq, hv‡Z Zvi
mwVK ûKzg wbY©q Kiv hvq|
cÖ_‡gB GKUv cÖkœ Rv‡M, †Uwjwfk‡bi Ae¯’vb Kx? Zv‡Z cÖ`wk©Z `„k¨¸‡jv Qwe bv
cÖwZ”Qwe?
G cÖ‡kœi Rev‡ei Rb¨ cÖ_‡g †Uwjwfk‡bi cwiPq Rvbv `iKvi| †Uwjwfkb n‡”Q,
we`y¨r Zi‡½i gva¨‡g †cÖwiZ Qwe I aŸwbi MÖnYKvix hš¿we‡kl|848 cwiPq I Ab¨vb¨
Z_¨ †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, †Uwjwfk‡b cÖ`wk©Z wPθ‡jv Qwe| GRb¨ Djvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi
eo GKwU `‡ji gZ n‡jv, †Uwjwfkb Qwe cÖ`wk©Z nIqvi Kvi‡YI wb‡la| KviY G‡Z
Qwe cÖ`wk©Z nq|
wUwfi gva¨‡g †h ¶wZ¸‡jv nq Zvi Ab¨Zg n‡jv Ô¸bvn&Õ hv iƒnvbx ev Ava¨vwZ¥K
¶wZ| ZvI Avevi `y-GKUv bq eis AMwYZ| wb‡gœ Zv †_‡K wKQz Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|

846 gvÔAv‡idzj KziAvb: 1/536

847 Avj-dziƒK: 2/33
848 †Uwjwfkb (Television) e¨envwiK evsjv Awfavb: 505, evsjv GKv‡Wgx XvKv, evsjv‡`k
 wUwf †`Lvi kiÔqx weavb 399
kiÔqx I Ava¨vwZ¥K ¶wZ
GK. wUwf‡Z Avm‡ji cwie‡Z© mvaviYZ wdj¥ †`Lv‡bv nq, hv Qwe nIqvi Kvi‡Y
nvivg| Avi Qwe †Zvjv, msi¶Y Kiv I †`Lv m¤ú‡K© nv`x‡m K‡Vvi kvw¯Íi K_v D‡jøL
Av‡Q| KviY, Qwe n‡”Q AvK…wZ `vb Kiv Avi Zv †Kej Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi ¸Y| G‡Z
Ab¨ †KD kixK †bB| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv †h GKgvÎ AvK…wZ `vbKvix Zv KziAv‡b Bikv`
n‡q‡Q|
 _~   } |{zyx
ÒwZwbB gvZ„M‡f© †hfv‡e B”Qv †Zvgv‡`i AvK…wZ `vb K‡ib|Ó849
G Avqv‡Z AvK…wZ ev m~iZ `vb Kiv †Kej Avjøvni ¸Y mve¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z Ab¨
†KD kixK †bB| †hgb †Kvb gvbyl‡K ‫ ﺧَﺎ ِﻟ ٌﻖ‬A_©vr m„wóKZ©v ejv hvq bv, †ZgbB KvD‡K
‫ﺼ ِّﻮٌر‬
َ ‫ ُﻣ‬A_©vr AvK…wZ`vZv ejv hvq bv|
Gevi Qwei wbwl×Zvi e¨vcv‡i †h mg¯Í nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K wb‡gœ wKQz nv`xm
†ck Kiv n‡jv|
1. nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ أﺣﻴﻮا ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺘﻢ‬:‫ ﻳﻘﺎل ﻟﻬﻢ‬،‫ إن اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻮن ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﻮر ﻳﻌﺬﺑﻮن ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, hviv †Kvb cÖvYxi Qwe ˆZwi K‡i ciKv‡j Zv‡`i‡K Avhve
†`qv n‡e| Zv‡`i‡K ejv n‡e, †Zvgiv (`ywbqv‡Z) †hme AvK…wZ evwb‡qQ H m‡ei
g‡a¨ cÖvY`vb K‡iv|Ó850
2. nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ إن ﻣﻦ أﺷﺪ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﺬاﺑﺎ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻮرون‬:‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻘﻮل‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjøvn †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, wbðq †Kqvg‡Zi w`b Qwe ˆZwiKvix‡`i‡K
me©vwaK KwVb kvw¯Í †`qv n‡e|Ó851
3. nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻨﺎ‬:‫ وﺟﻌﻞ ﻳﺘﻐﻴﺮ وﺟﻬﻪ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬،‫ﺣﺸﻮت ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻲ
وﺳﺎدة ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ﻛﺄﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻤﺮﻗﺔ ﻓﺠﺎء ﻓﻘﺎم ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﺎﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ أﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﺖ أن‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬.‫ وﺳﺎدة ﺟﻌﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻀﺠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬: ‫ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎل ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻮﺳﺎدة؟ ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ أﺣﻴﻮا ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺘﻢ‬:‫ وأن ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻊ ﻳﻌﺬب ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﻮل‬،‫اﻟﻤﻠﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﻴﺘﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺻﻮرة‬
ÒAvwg ivm~j Gi Rb¨ Qwehy³ Kvco w`‡q GKwU evwjk evwb‡qwQjvg, hv †`L‡Z

849 m~iv Av‡j-Bgivb: 6

850 mnxn eyLvix: wKZveyj wjevm, (‫ ;)ﺑﺎب ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻤﺼﻮرﻳﻦ‬mnxn gymwjg : 2/201
851 mnxn eyLvix: wKZveyj wjevm, (‫ ; )ﺑﺎب ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻤﺼﻮرﻳﻦ‬mnxn gymwjg : 2/201
 400 `imyj wdK&n
GKwU ZvwKqvi gZ g‡b n‡Zv| ivm~j N‡ii `iRvq G‡m `uvwo‡q iB‡jb| ZLb
†µv‡a Zuvi †Pnviv cwieZ©b n‡Z jvM‡jv| Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avwg
Kx fyj K‡iwQ? Dˇi wZwb ej‡jb, †Kb GB ZvwKqvwU evbv‡bv n‡q‡Q? Avwg ejjvg,
Avcbvi Rb¨ GUv ˆZwi K‡iwQ †hb Gi Dci †UK jvwM‡q Avcwb Avivg Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
wZwb ej‡jb, †n Av‡qkv! Zzwg wK Rv‡bv bv, †d‡ikZviv H N‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i bv, †h
N‡i Qwe _v‡K? Avi hviv Qwe evbv‡e wKqvg‡Zi w`b Zv‡`i‡K KwVb kvw¯Í †`qv n‡e|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv wb‡`©k w`‡eb, †Zvgiv †h¸‡jv evwb‡qQ †m¸‡jv‡Z cÖvY `vI|Ó852
`yB. wUwfi Av‡iv GKwU ¶wZi w`K n‡jv, G‡Z †cÖvMÖvgKvix mvaviYZ gwnjv n‡q
_v‡K| Avi cibvix‡K †`Lv †hiƒc nvivg Z`ªƒc Zvi Qwe I cÖwZ”Qwe †`LvI nvivg|
wewfbœ Abyôv‡bi Dc¯’vcbv QvovI A‡bK gwnjvi AvMgb N‡U wUwfi c`©vq, hv‡`i‡K
cyiæliv †`L‡Z _v‡K| Abyiƒcfv‡e cyiæl‡`i‡KI gwnjviv †`L‡Z _v‡K| A_P MvB‡i
gvnivg bvix-cyiæl GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb Qvov G‡K Aci‡K †`Lv m¤ú~Y© wb‡la| G e¨vcv‡i
KziAvb I nv`x‡m K‡Vvi wb‡lavÁv G‡m‡Q| cweÎ KziAv‡b cyiæl‡`i‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i
Avjøvn cvK Bikv` K‡ib-


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Ògywgb cyiæl‡`i‡K e‡jv, Zviv †hb Zv‡`i `„wó‡K mshZ K‡i Ges Zv‡`i j¾v¯’v‡bi
wndvhZ K‡i; GUvB Zv‡`i Rb¨ DËg| Zviv hv K‡i wbðq Avjøvn †m wel‡q mg¨K
AeMZ|Ó853
Abyiƒcfv‡e bvix‡`i m‡¤^vab K‡i Bikv` K‡ib-

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ÒAvi gywgb bvix‡`i‡K ej, Zviv †hb Zv‡`i `„wó‡K mshZ K‡i I Zv‡`i j¾v¯’vb‡K
wndvhZ K‡i|Ó854
wZb. wUwfi Av‡iv GKwU ¶wZi w`K n‡jv, G‡Z †hme †Ljvayjv cÖ`wk©Z nq, †hgb
Kzw¯Í, muvZvi, dzUej BZ¨vw`‡Z AskMÖnYKvixiv mZi †Lvjv Ae¯’vq _v‡K, A_P Kv‡iv
mvg‡b mZi †Lvjv ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv mZi †`Lv nvivg|
nv`xm kix‡d Kv‡iv mZi †`L‡Z wKsev wb‡Ri mZi Lyj‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| nhiZ
Avey mvC` ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ إﻟﻰ ﻋﻮرة اﻟﺮﺟﻞ وﻻ اﻟﻤﺮأة إﻟﻰ ﻋﻮرة اﻟﻤﺮأة‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib, GK cyiæl Ab¨ cyiæ‡li mZi †`L‡e bv Ges GK

852 mnxn eyLvix: 1/458

853 m~iv b~i: 30
854 m~iv byi: 31
 wUwf †`Lvi kiÔqx weavb 401
gwnjv Ab¨ gwnjvi mZi †`L‡e bv|Ó855
nhiZ Avjx ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ! ﻻ ﺗﺒﺮز ﻓﺨﺬك وﻻ ﺗﻨﻈﺮ إﻟﻰ ﻓﺨﺪ ﺣﻲ وﻻ ﻣﻴﺖ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل ﻟﻪ‬
Òivm~j Bikv` K‡ib, †n Avjx! Zzwg †Zvgvi mZi (Kv‡iv mvg‡b) Lyj‡e bv
Ges †Kvb RxweZ ev g„‡Zi mZ‡ii w`‡K ZvKv‡e bv|Ó856
Pvi. wUwfi Av‡iv GKwU ¶wZ n‡”Q, G‡Z Mvb-evRbv mn A‡bK Akøxj wbj©¾ †cÖvMÖvg
cÖ`wk©Z n‡q _v‡K hv †`Lv I †kvbv nvivg| KziAvb I nv`x‡m Mvb-evRbv †kvbv Ges
ev`¨hš¿ †Kbvi e¨vcv‡i KwVb kvw¯Íi K_v G‡m‡Q| cweÎ KziAv‡b Bikv` n‡q‡Q-

p
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d
c
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Ògvby‡li g‡a¨ †KD AÁZvekZ Avjøvni c_ n‡Z wePy¨Z Kivi Rb¨ AevšÍi K_vevZ©v
msMÖn K‡i Ges Avjøvn cÖ`wk©Z c_ wb‡q VvÆv-we`ªƒc K‡i, Zv‡`i Rb¨ i‡q‡Q
AegvbbvKi kvw¯Í|Ó857
ed evK¨wUi e¨vL¨vq nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. e‡jb, Avjøvni
kc_ Bnv Øviv Mvb-evRbv D‡Ïk¨|858 nhiZ nvmvb emix in. e‡jb, GB AvqvZ
bvwhj n‡q‡Q Mvb I ev`¨h‡š¿i e¨vcv‡i| nv`x‡m cv‡K Mvb-evRbvi e¨vcv‡i ejv
n‡q‡Q-
859.‫اﻟﻘﻠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻨﺎء ﻳﻨﺒﺖ اﻟﻨﻔﺎق ﻓﻲ‬
ÒMvb evRbv AšÍ‡i †bdvK (gybv‡dKx) m„wó K‡i|Ó860
nhiZ dzhvBj Be‡b Bqvh ivn. e‡jb-
.‫اﻟﻐﻨﺎء رﻗﻴﺔ اﻟﺰﻧﺎ‬
ÒMvb-evRbv e¨wfPv‡ii gš¿|Ó861
G¸‡jv n‡jv Ggb ¶wZ hv †Kej wUwf `k©‡Ki wb‡Ri g‡a¨B mxgve×| Gevi Ggb

855 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 338, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
856 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 12490, nv`xmwU mnxn; mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 3142, `viæ BnqvwqZ& ZzivwQj
Avivex, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
857 m~iv jyKgvb: 6
858 Zvdmx‡i Be‡b Kvmxi: m~iv jyKgvb: 6

.‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ« )ﺑﺎب ﻛﺮاﻫﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻨﺎ واﻟﺰﻣﺮ( وﺳﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬859
860 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 4929

861 BnqvD Dj~wg`& Øxb: 2/247, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb (‫)ﻛﺘﺎب آداب اﻟﺴﻤﺎع واﻟﻮﺟﺪ‬
402 `imyj wdK&n
¶wZi w`K Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e hv ïay `k©‡Ki gv‡S mxgve× bq eis Ab¨‡`i‡K
¶wZMª¯Í K‡i|
cuvP. A‡bK mgq GB wUwf-wfwmqvi Ab¨‡`i ¶wZi KviY nq| †`Lv hvq, hv‡`i N‡i
wUwf _v‡K Zviv Mvb-evRbv GZ †Rv‡i Pvjy K‡i †h, Avkcv‡ki †jvKR‡bi Kvb ¯Íä
n‡q hvq| Zv‡`i KvR-Kviev‡i e¨vNvZ N‡U| Nyg nvivg n‡q hvq| Avevi A‡bK mgq
†`Lv hvq, gmwR‡`i mv‡_ wgwjZ evwo wKsev †`vKv‡b GZ †Rv‡i Mvb-evRbv I wUwf
Pvjy _v‡K, hvi Kvi‡Y gymwjø‡`i bvgvh co‡Z Kó nq| A_P nv`xm kix‡d cÖwZ‡ekx‡K
(hw`I †m Kv‡di †nvK bv †Kb) Kó †`qvi Aïf cwiYwZi K_v evisevi D‡jøL Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Avey ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~j Bikv` K‡ib-
،‫ ﺟﺎر ﻻ ﻳﺄﻣﻦ ﺟﺎرﻩ ﺑﻮاﺋﻘﻪ‬:‫ وﻣﻦ ذاك ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! ﻗﺎل‬:‫واﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ! واﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ! واﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ! ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
862
.‫ ﺷﺮﻩ‬:‫ وﻣﺎ ﺑﻮاﺋﻘﻪ؟ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗﻴﻞ‬
ÒAvjøvni kc_, †m gywgb n‡Z cv‡i bv! Avjøvni kc_, †m gywgb n‡Z cv‡i bv! Avjøvni
kc_, †m gywgb n‡Z cv‡i bv! mvnvevMY AviR Ki‡jb, †n Avjøvni ivm~j! †m †K?
bexRx Bikv` Ki‡jb, †m H e¨w³ hvi Awbó †_‡K Zvi cÖwZ‡ekx wbivc` bq| cybivq
wRÁvmv Kiv n‡jv, Zvi Awbó Kx? Dˇi ej‡jb, Zvi ¶wZ|Ó863
Avey ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻳﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻪ واﻟﻴﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺆذ ﺟﺎرﻩ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib, †h e¨w³ Avjøvn Ges ciKv‡ji cÖwZ wek¦vm iv‡L, †m
†hb ¯^xq cÖwZ‡ekx‡K Kó bv †`q|Ó864
wUwfi Gme g›` w`K¸‡jvi Kvi‡Y mgv‡R Lyb, al©Y, Pzwi-WvKvwZmn A‡bK Aciva
Qwo‡q co‡Q| AZGe wUwf ïay we‡bv`b wKsev Avb›` `v‡bi g‡a¨ mxgve× _v‡Kwb
eis Zv GLb mgv‡R cÖwZwbqZ msNwUZ Av‡jvwPZ A‡bK eo eo Aciv‡ai Ô‡Uªwbs
†m›Uv‡iÕ cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| A‡bK mvRvcÖvß Acivax‡K mvRv †fv‡Mi ci wRÁvmv Kiv
n‡q‡Q †h, GB Aciva cÖeYZv Zvi †Kv_v †_‡K m„wó n‡qwQj? Rev‡e Zviv e‡j‡Q,
wUwfi AgyK wdj¥ †`‡L| wb‡gœv³ NUbvwU Gi RjšÍ cÖgvY|
GKwU ev¯Íe NUbv: `w¶Y Avwd«Kvi ÔgRwj‡m IjvgvÕi c¶ †_‡K cÖKvwkZ ÔBmjvg
GÛ †UwjwfkbÕ eB‡q †jLv n‡q‡Q| GKevi R‰bK gwnjvi B¾Z ni‡Yi `„k¨ wUwf‡Z
cÖ`wk©Z nq| cieZ©x mg‡q ev¯Í‡eB Ggb NUbv N‡U| GK j¤úU ûeû wUwf‡Z †`Lv
÷vB‡j GK gwnjvi N‡i Xz‡K Zvi B¾Z niY K‡i Ges A_©Kwo wb‡q cvwj‡q hvq|
AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ †m N‡i cywj‡ki wUg †M‡j cywjk Awdmvi NUbv ï‡b Zr¶Yvr e‡j

.‫( ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬٥۱٨٥) «‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺴﻨﺪﻩ‬862

863 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 8432
864 mnxn eyLvix, wKZveyj Av`e: 2/889
 wUwf †`Lvi kiÔqx weavb 403
D‡V, ÔAcivax Aek¨B wUwfi AgyK wdj¥ †`‡L G NUbv NwU‡q‡Q, hv‡Z GB `„k¨
cÖ`wk©Z n‡qwQj|Õ865
Qq. wUwfi ¶wZmg~‡ni Ab¨Zg n‡”Q, Gi gva¨‡g j¾v-ki‡gi `vdb n‡”Q| GgbwK
Avcb fvB-‡evb, evev-‡g‡qi g‡a¨ A‰ea m¤ú‡K©i K_v ch©šÍ AvRKvj cÎcwÎKvq
cÖKvwkZ n‡”Q| A_P j¾v kig‡K gbyl¨‡Z¡i g~j ejv n‡q‡Q| nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q,
nhiZ Avey gvmD` ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~j e‡jb-
.‫إذا ﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻲ ﻓﺎﺻﻨﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺌﺖ‬
ÒhLb †Zvgvi j¾v-kig †bB, ZLb †Zvgvi hv B”Qv ZvB Ki|Ó866
A_©vr hLb gvbyl †_‡K j¾v kig P‡j hvq ZLb †m cïi gZ hv B”Qv ZvB Ki‡Z
_v‡K| G Rb¨ j¾v-kig n‡jv evM‡Wvi hv gvbyl‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i _v‡K, hv‡Z †m
gbyl¨Z¡ LyB‡q cïi ¯Í‡i †b‡g bv Av‡m| nv`xm kix‡d j¾v‡K Cgv‡bi A½ ejv
n‡q‡Q| nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q, nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~j
e‡jb-
.‫اﻟﺤﻴﺎء ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬
Òj¾v-kig Cgv‡bi A½|Ó867
wUwf †`Lvi Av‡iv wKQz ¶wZ
kvixwiK GKwU ¶wZi e¨vcv‡i AwfÁ Wv³viMY GKgZ †h, wUwf †`Lv GgbwK wUwfi
wbK‡U emv ¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ ¶wZKi| GUv ‡Zv ¶wZi GKw`K| GQvovI DVwZ eq‡mi
†Q‡j-†g‡q‡`i mvg‡b wUwfi gva¨‡g Akøxj I bMœ Qwe Dc¯’vcb K‡i AcwiYZ eq‡mB
Zv‡`i gv‡S bvix-ciæ‡li ˆ`wnK m¤úK© m¤^‡Ü D‡ËRbv µgvš^‡q evwo‡q w`‡”Q| hvi
Awbevh© cwiYwZ GB `vuov‡”Q †h, wb‡Ri ARv‡šÍB GB bZzb cÖRb¥ cÖvßeq‡m DcbxZ
nIqvi c~‡e©B mvevjK n‡q hv‡”Q| AZtci c~Y© D‡ËRbvq w`‡knviv n‡q Ges wbqš¿Y
nvwi‡q cÖkvwšÍi Rb¨ A¯^vfvweK I A‰ea c_ Aej¤^b Ki‡Q| cwiYwZ‡Z Zviv
wb‡R‡`i‡K AÜKvi fwel¨‡Zi w`‡K †V‡j w`‡”Q|
gvby‡li Rxe‡b g~j¨evb m¤ú` ev cyyuwR n‡”Q mgq| GB mgq Ab_©K e¨q n‡”Q| KviY
wUwfi AwaKvsk †cÖvMÖvgB Ggb, hv‡Z Øxb ev `ywbqvi †Kvb jvf nq bv| Avi Ab_©K
KvR-Kg© hv‡Z †Kvb jvf †bB Zv Kiv wb‡la| nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q, nhiZ Avey
ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, ivm~j e‡jb-
.‫ﻣﻦ ﺣﺴﻦ إﺳﻼم اﻟﻤﺮء ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻨﻴﻪ‬

865 Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 8/299, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

866 mnxn eyLvix, wKZveyj Av`e: 2/904
867 mnxn eyLvix, wKZveyj Cgvb: 1/6
404 `imyj wdK&n
ÒØx‡bi †mŠ›`h© n‡jv Ab_©K KvR Kg© cwiZ¨vM Kiv|Ó868
G¸‡jv n‡jv wUwfi gva¨‡g N‡U Pjv ag©xq, Ava¨vwZ¥K, kvixwiK I cvw_©e ¶wZ| GZ
eo eo ¶wZi w`K _vKvi ciI kixÔAvZ G‡K ˆeaZv w`‡e? Zv †Kvbfv‡eB n‡Z cv‡i
bv| A‡bK gydwZqv‡b †Kivg G wel‡q ¯úó dvZ&&Iqv w`‡q‡Qb|
Avjøvgv gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx nvwdhvûjøvn e‡jb-
،‫ ﻓﻼ ﺷﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺮﻣﺔ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺮ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺘﻤﻼن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮات اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮة‬،‫أﻣﺎ اﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮن واﻟﻔﺪﻳﻮ‬
.‫ وﻣﺎ إﻟﻰ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ أﺳﺒﺎب اﻟﻔﺴﻮق‬،‫ واﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺮﺟﺎت أو اﻟﻌﺎرﻳﺎت‬،‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻼﻋﺔ واﻟﻤﺠﻮن‬
Ò‡Uwjwfkb I wfwWI m¤ú‡K© K_v n‡jv, G¸‡jvi e¨envi nvivg nIqvi e¨vcv‡i
m‡›`‡ni †Kvb AeKvk †bB| KviY G¸‡jv‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi Akvjxb welq cÖ`wk©Z
nq| †hgb PwiÎnxbZv, D¤§v`bv, mymw¾Zv-bMœ bvixi wPÎ cÖ`k©b| GQvov Ab¨vb¨
kixÔAvZ ewnf©~Z KvR|Ó869
wUwf‡Z Bmjvgx †cÖvMÖvg cÖPvi
Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi cÖmvi cÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡| Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, Bmjvg †hgb
Øxb cÖPvi Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q †ZgbB G wel‡qI mZK© _vK‡Z e‡j‡Q †h, cÖPvigva¨g
†hb kixÔAvZ mgw_©Z nq| Bmjvg cÖPvi fvj e‡jB †h †Kvbfv‡e Zv cÖPvi Kivi
AbygwZ †bB| myZivs †Kvb cÖPvi gva¨‡g hw` kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z AvcwËKi †Kvb wKQz
_v‡K Zvn‡j H gva¨g cwinvi Kiv KZ©e¨|
weÁv‡bi DbœwZi d‡j Avwe®‹vi n‡q‡Q bvbv ai‡bi †hvMv‡hvM gva¨g| cÖ_g hy‡M †Zv
ïay †gŠwLKfv‡e ev wPwVi gva¨†g Øxb cÖPvi Kivi my‡hvM wQ‡jv| eZ©gv‡b Avwe®‹„Z
n‡q‡Q Av‡iv gva¨g †hgb wcÖ›U wgwWqv I B‡jKwUªK wgwWqv| cÖwZwUi bvbvwea cÖKvi
I aib i‡q‡Q| GKRb gvby‡li Kv‡Q `ªæZ Øxb †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ wUwfB GKgvÎ gva¨g
bq| B`vwbs †Zv N‡i N‡i †bU Pvjv‡bv nq| Avi †b‡Ui gva¨‡g wjwLZfv‡e I AwWIi
gva¨‡g Øxb cÖPvi Kivi wecyj m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q Ges Gfv‡e A‡bKB KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|
Rwic Pvjv‡j †`Lv hv‡e, hv‡`i N‡i wUwf Av‡Q ZvivI †bU Pvjvq| ZvB me©‡ÿ‡Î
`ªæZ Øxb cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ wUwf GKK gva¨g bq|
wUwfi AvcwËKi w`K¸‡jv Gwo‡q †b‡Ui gva¨‡g KvR Kiv hvq| Avi wUwfi bvbv cÖKvi
ÿwZKi w`K _vKv m‡Ë¡I Bmjvgx †cÖvMÖvg djcÖm~ nIqvi Zzjbvq A‡b‡Ki Zv Lvivc
†cÖvMÖvg †`Lvi evnvbv nIqvi AvksKv †_‡K hvq| ZvB Ijvgv‡q †Kivg wUwf‡Z Ab¨vb¨
†cÖvMÖv‡gi b¨vq Bmjvgx †cÖvMÖvg cÖPv‡ii AbygwZ †`b bv|
D‡jøL¨ †h, wUwf wb‡la nIqvUv G wel‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj bq †h, Zv‡Z cÖ`wk©Z `„k¨
Qwe n‡j wb‡la n‡e Avi cÖwZ”Qwe n‡j wb‡la n‡e bv| eis Zv eZ©gv‡b AkøxjZvc~Y©

868 gyAvËv gynv¤§v`: (‫ ;)ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﺤﻴﺎء‬wZiwghx, AveIqveyh hyn&`: 2/58

869 ZvKwgjvZz dvZwnj gyjwng: 4/164, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
 wUwf †`Lvi kiÔqx weavb 405
nIqvi Kvi‡Y me©ve¯’vq wb‡la, cÖ`©wkZ e¯‘ Qwe †nvK wKsev cÖwZ”Qwe|
hw` cÖwZ”Qwe a‡i †bqv nq Z_vwc cicyiæl cibvix G‡K Aci‡K †`Lvi AbygwZ
kixÔAvZ †`qwb| myZivs GB cÖwZ”Qwe aŸsmvZ¥K, wec`RbK I nvivg nIqvi wel‡q
†Kvb m‡›`n ‡bB|
nu¨v, hw` wUwf kixÔAvZ KZ…©K me AvcwËKi w`K †_‡K m¤ú~Y© gy³ nq I kixÔAv‡Zi
wb‡`©kbv gvwdK cwiPvjbv Kiv nq Ges †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jvI mivmwi cÖPvi Kiv nq, Zvn‡j
wUwfi gva¨‡g Bmjvg cÖPvi Kivi AeKvk i‡q‡Q| (Z‡e eZ©gv‡b Ggb cwiw¯’wZ ‰Zix
Kiv cÖvq Am¤¢e|)
†h‡nZz eZ©gv‡b kixÔAvZ wbwl× Kvh©vw` †_‡K gy³ Kiv evn¨Z m¤¢e bv, Avi wcÖ›U
wgwWqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ B‡jKwUªK wgwWqvi gva¨‡g ˆea cš’vq Øxb cÖPv‡ii wecyj my‡hvM
i‡q‡Q| ZvB Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii bv‡g gvbyl‡K wUwfgyLx bv KivB Av‡jg, Øxb`vi I me©
†kÖYxi `vwqZ¡|
me©‡kl K_v
eZ©gvb hvgvbvq gymjgvb‡`i ag©xq Ae¶q w`b w`b †e‡oB Pj‡Q| Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z
†Uwjwfkb (hv e¨vcKfv‡e Avb›`-we‡bv`b I †Lj-Zvgvkvi e¯‘‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q,
wbQK Ávb AR©‡bi gva¨‡g mxgve× _v‡Kwb) †`Lvi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| eis ¸bvn I
nvivg| ZvB ÿwZ †_‡K wbivc` _vKvi Rb¨ Ges Cgvb I Avgj‡K ZiZvRv I ÎæwUgy³
ivLvi Rb¨ wUwf Z¨vM Kiv Avek¨K|

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
14 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
406

†cvkvK m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½

gvIjvbv Avãym mvËvi wm‡jUx
†cvkvK gbyl¨Z¡ weKv‡ki Ab¨Zg gva¨g| ZvB gvby‡li Rxe‡b †cvkv‡Ki ¸iæZ¡
Acwimxg| Gi gva¨‡g gvbyl I Ab¨vb¨ cÖvYxi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ m„wó nq| Bmjvg †cvkvK-
cwi”Q‡`i welqwU m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c gvby‡li BLwZqv‡i †Q‡o †`qwb, †m hv B”Qv ZvB ci‡e|
Avevi GZ msKxY©I K‡i iv‡Lwb †h, wbw`©ó ai‡bi †cvkvKB ci‡Z n‡e| nu¨v, Bmjvg
¯^fveRvZ ag© wn‡m‡e Rxe‡bi me© †¶‡ÎB Ggb weavb Av‡ivc K‡i‡Q, hv gvbe
¯^fv‡ei m¤ú~Y© AbyK~‡j| ZvB gvby‡li ¯^vfvweK iæwP cÖKw… Z‡K c~Y© mg_©b KiZ
kixÔAvZ wbw`©ó †Kvb †cvkvK wba©viY K‡i †`qwb; Ges †Kvb wbw`©ó is ev aib
Avek¨K K‡iwb| eis Ae¯’v I FZzi cv_©K¨ Ges gvby‡li †gRvh I Af¨v‡mi w`‡K
j¶¨ †i‡L Bmjvgx kixÔAvn wKQz g~jbxwZ wba©viY K‡i w`‡q‡Q| D³ g~jbxwZi
Av‡jv‡K †cvkvK m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½ wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|
ivm~j Gi †cvkv‡Ki weeiY
G cÖm‡½ gyd&Zx kdx ivn. e‡j‡Qb, ivm~j Gi †cvkvK memgq GK iKg wQj
bv| wewfbœ cwiw¯’wZ, kxZ-MÖx®§, mdi-nhi I ¯^fveMZ Pvwn`vi Kvi‡Y wewfbœ is I
wewfbœ ai‡bi †cvkvK c‡i‡Qb| hvi wek` weeiY kvgv‡q‡ji wKZvevw`‡Z we‡klfv‡e
Ôhv`yj gvÔAv`Õ wKZv‡e D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| Z‡e Zvui †cvkv‡Ki w`‡K mvgwMÖKfv‡e `„wócvZ
Ki‡j Zv‡Z wZbwU ¸Y Luy‡R cvIqv hvq| (hv cÖwZwU gywgb gymjgv‡bi †cvkv‡K _vKv
PvB|) ¸Y wZbwU n‡jv-
1. †cvkvK mv`vwm‡a nIqv| †ewk RvuKRgKc~Y© bv nIqv|
2. †ikwg BZ¨vw` bv nIqv, hv cyiæ‡li Rb¨ nvivg|
3. †cvkv‡Ki aib Ggb nIqv, hv gymjgvb‡`i RvZxq ¯^vZš¿ eRvq iv‡L Ges Ab¨
ag©vej¤^x‡`i mv`„k¨ bv nq|
G welq¸‡jv ivm~j Gi †cvkv‡K mvaviYfv‡e cvIqv †hZ| cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgq wZwb
†h ai‡bi †cvkvK Kv‡Q †c‡Zb, ZvB cwiavb Ki‡Zb| PvB Zv DbœZgv‡bi †cvkvK
†nvK ev mvaviY †cvkvK †nvK|870
kixÔAvZ KZ©K
„ †cvkvK msµvšÍ bxwZgvjv
Bmjvg †cvkv‡Ki †¶‡Î KwZcq g~jbxwZ wba©viY K‡i w`‡q‡Q †h¸‡jvi AbymiY Kiv
mK‡ji Rb¨ AZ¨vek¨K| evwK kvLvMZ wel‡q cÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡bi ¯^vaxbZv i‡q‡Q
wb‡R‡`i iæwP I hy‡Mi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx hv Lywk ci‡Z cvi‡e|

870 Bg`v`yj gyd&wZqxb Kv‡gj: 2/976-977, `viæj BkvAvZ, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

 †cvkvK m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½ 407
1g g~jbxwZ: †cvkvK Aek¨B mZi XvKvi Dc‡hvMx n‡Z n‡e|
cÖwZwU gvby‡li Dci mZi XvKv dih| †cvkv‡Ki cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q mZi Ave„Z K‡i
ivLv| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 mlkj ihgfed
Ò‡n ebx Av`g! Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †cvkvK AeZxY© K‡iwQ, hv †Zvgv‡`i mZi †X‡K
iv‡L Ges †mŠ›`‡h©iI DcKiY|Ó871
myZivs hw` ‡Kv‡bv †cvkvK mZi‡K Ave„Z K‡i bv iv‡L eis mZ‡ii †Kvb Ask †Lvjv
_v‡K Zvn‡j Ggb †cvkvK cwiavb Kiv kixÔAv‡Zi `„wó‡Z ˆea bq|
mZi XvKvi dih Av`v‡qi Rb¨ wb‡gœi welq¸‡jv we‡klfv‡e j¶Yxq|
K. †cvkvK cyiæ n‡Z n‡e| AwZ wgwn ev cvZjv Kvc‡oi bv n‡Z n‡e, hv kix‡ii Rb¨
AveiY n‡jI cvZjv nIqvi `iæb †cvkv‡Ki Dci w`‡q kix‡ii is ¯úó `„wó‡MvPi
nq| Bgvg gv‡jK ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-

‫ دﺧﻠﺖ ﺣﻔﺼﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ زوج اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬:‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ ﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ أﻣﻪ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬
. ‫ وﻛﺴﺘﻬﺎ ﺧﻤﺎرا ﻛﺜﻴﻔﺎ‬، ‫ ﻓﺸﻘﺘﻪ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ‬، ‫ وﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻔﺼﺔ ﺧﻤﺎر رﻗﻴﻖ‬،
ÒnhiZ AvjKvgv Be‡b Avwe AvjKvgv Zvi gv †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib, GKevi nvdmv
web‡Z Avãyi ingvb Zvi dzdz Av‡qkv ivwh. Gi wbK‡U G‡jb| ZLb nvdmvi ci‡b
GKwU wgwn Iobv wQ‡jv| Av‡qkv ivwh. †mwU wQu‡o †dj‡jb Ges GKwU †gvUv Iobv
cwi‡q w`‡jb|Ó872
nhiZ Rvixi Be‡b Avãyjøvn e‡jb-
873.‫اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬ ‫إن اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺒﺲ وﻫﻮ ﻋﺎر ﻳﻌﻨﻲ اﻟﺜﻴﺎب‬
Ògvbyl Ggb †cvkvK cwiavb K‡i hv Zvi Rb¨ j¾vRbK| A_©vr cvZjv Kvco|Ó874
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. e‡jb-
‫ وﻧﺴﺎء ﻛﺎﺳﻴﺎت ﻋﺎرﻳﺎت ﻣﻤﻴﻼت ﻣﺎﺋﻼت رؤﺳﻬﻦ ﻛﺄﺳﻨﻤﺔ‬... ‫ ﺻﻨﻔﺎن ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻨﺎر‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫اﻟﺒﺨﺖ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﻠﺔ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻦ اﻟﺠﻨﺔ وﻻ ﻳﺠﺪن رﻳﺤﻬﺎ إﻟﺦ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib, `yB †kªYxi e¨w³ †`vhLx... wØZxq †kªYx n‡”Q H mKj
bvix hviv Kvco c‡iI Dj½ _vK‡e, wb‡Riv Ab¨‡`i cÖwZ AvK…ó n‡e Ges Ab¨‡`i‡K

871 m~iv AvÔivd: 26

872 gyAvËv gv‡jK: 366
.‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ« ورﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬:‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ« )ﺑﺎب ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﻴﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق( وﻗﺎل‬873
874 Zvevivbx: nv`xm bs 2170
408 `imyj wdK&n
wb‡R‡`i cÖwZ AvK…ó Ki‡e; Zv‡`i gv_v n‡e D‡Ui †njv‡bv Kzu‡Ri g‡Zv| Giv Rvbœv‡Z
hv‡e bv Ges Rvbœv‡Zi LykeyI cv‡e bv|Ó875
2. †cvkvK wX‡jXvjv n‡Z n‡e, AuvUmvuU ev GZ msKxY© n‡Z cvi‡e bv, hv cwiavb
Ki‡j kix‡ii mv‡_ †j‡Þ hvq| d‡j kix‡ii A½-cÖZ‡½i AvKvi AvK…wZ dz‡U D‡V|
nhiZ Avey Bqvwh` ivn. eY©bv K‡ib,
876.‫ﻳﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻒ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬
ّ ‫ إﻻ‬:‫ﻳﺸﻒ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
ّ ‫ إﻧﻪ ﻻ‬:‫ﻛﺎن ﻋﻤﺮ  ﻳﻨﻬﻰ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻋﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ اﻟﻘﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا‬
ÒnhiZ Dgi ivwh. gwnjv‡`i KvevZx (ZrKvjxb wgk‡i cÖ¯Z ‘ K…Z GK ai‡bi mv`v
Kvco) ci‡Z wb‡la Ki‡Zb| †jv‡Kiv ej‡jv, G Kvc‡o †Zv Z¡K †`Lv hvq bv|
wZwb ej‡jb, Z¡K †`Lv bv †M‡jI (AvuUmvuU nIqvi Kvi‡Y) A½-cÖZ‡½i AvKvi-
AvK…wZ dz‡U I‡V|Ó877
2q g~jbxwZ: bvix-cyiæ‡li †cvkvK G‡K A‡b¨i mv`„k¨ bv n‡Z n‡e|
bvix I cyiæ‡li cÖKw… Zi w`K †_‡KB wbR¯^ ¯^KxqZv i‡q‡Q, hv eRvq ivLv me©‡¶‡Î
Acwinvh©| Df‡qi ¯^KxqZv I m¤§vb mgybœZ ivLvi R‡b¨ Bmjvg G‡K A‡b¨i mv`„k¨
MÖnY Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Q| ZvB †ekf~lv I †cvkvK-cwi”Q‡` bvixiv cyiæ‡li Ges
cyiæliv bvix‡`i mv`„k¨ Aej¤^b Ki‡e bv| nv`x‡m cv‡K G e¨vcv‡i K‡Vvi ûuwkqvix
G‡m‡Q| nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ واﻟﻤﺘﺸﺒﻬﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬، ‫ﻟﻌﻦ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
اﻟﻤﺘﺸﺒﻬﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎء‬
Òivm~j H cyiæl‡`i Dci jvÔbZ K‡i‡Qb hviv gwnjv‡`i mv`„k¨ MÖnY K‡i Ges
H gwnjv‡`i Dci hviv cyiæl‡`i mv`„k¨ MÖnY K‡i|Ó878
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. e‡jb-
879.‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬ ‫ واﻟﻤﺮأة ﺗﻠﺒﺲ ﻟﺒﺴﺔ‬،‫ﻟﻌﻦ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻳﻠﺒﺲ ﻟﺒﺴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮأة‬
Òivm~j gwnjv‡`i †cvkvK cwiavbKvix cyiæl Ges cyiæ‡li †cvkvK cwiavbKvix
gwnjvi Dci jvÔbZ K‡i‡Qb|Ó880
3q g~jbxwZ: †cvkvK Kv‡di I dv‡mK Z_v weRvZxq m¤úª`v‡qi m`„k bv n‡Z n‡e|
gymjgvbMY AwfRvZ I †kªô RvwZ| †jevm-‡cvkvKmn me©†¶‡ÎB gymjgvbiv

875 mnxn gymwjg: 2/205

(.‫ )ﺑﺎب ﻓﻲ ﻟﺒﺲ اﻟﻘﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﻟﻠﻨﺴﺎء‬، «‫ وﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ داود ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ‬،‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ أﺑﻲ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ« ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد رﺟﺎﻟﻪ رﺟﺎل اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬876
877 gymvbœvdz Bewb Avex kvBev: 12/489-490
878 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 5885

‫ وﺻﺤﺤﻪ‬.‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬: (‫ ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻓﻲ »رﻳﺎض اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ« )ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎء وﺗﺸﺒﻪ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬879
.(‫اﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرك« )ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠﺒﺎس‬
880 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/566, nv`xm bs 4100
 †cvkvK m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½ 409
wb‡R‡`i ¯^KxqZv eRvq ivL‡e| Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ wg‡k GKvKvi nIqv Av‡`Š Zv‡`i Rb¨
mgxPxb bq| Zviv †Kvb Kv‡di-gykwiK ev dv‡mK I cvcvPvix m¤cÖ`v‡qi mv`„k¨
Aej¤^b Ki‡e bv| †Kbbv Zv‡`i AbymiY,AbyKiY Ges mv`„k¨ MÖn‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv‡`i
†Kvb †cvkvK cwiavb Kiv bvRv‡qh I nvivg| nv`xm kix‡d G e¨vcv‡i K‡Vvi
mZK©evYx D”PviY Kiv n‡q‡Q| nhiZ Avãyjøvn web Avgi web Avm ivwh. e‡jb-
.‫ إن ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻴﺎب اﻟﻜﻔﺎر ﻓﻼ ﺗﻠﺒﺴﻬﺎ‬:‫ﻋﻠﻲ ﺛﻮﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻌﺼﻔﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
ّ
‫رأى رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~j Avgvi ci‡b Dmd~i (njy`) i‡½ iv½v‡bv `yÕwU Kvco †`‡L ej‡jb,
G¸‡jv Kv‡di‡`i †cvkvK| AZGe G¸‡jv cwiavb K‡iv bv|Ó881
nhiZ Avey Dmgvb ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫وزي أﻫﻞ اﻟﺸﺮك‬
ّ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻌﻢ‬
ّ ‫ وإﻳﺎﻛﻢ و‬... ‫ﻛﺘﺐ إﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﻋﻤﺮ  وﻧﺤﻦ ﺑﺄذرﺑﻴﺠﺎن‬
ÒAvgiv hLb AvhvievBRv‡b wQjvg ZLb nhiZ Igi ivwh. Avgv‡`i wbKU GB g‡g©
wPwV wj‡L cvVv‡jb, ...†Zvgiv wejvwmZv I gykwiK‡`i †cvkvK civ †_‡K †eu‡P
_v‡Kv|Ó882
mv`„k¨ I Zvi kiÔqx weavb
ZvkveŸyn Z_v mv`„‡k¨i A_© n‡jv, †¯^”Qvq I ¯^‡cÖiYvq Kv‡di I dv‡mK‡`i †Kvb
e¯‘‡K MÖnY Kiv ev Ggb †ekf~lv aviY Kiv hv‡Z wb‡R‡K †`L‡Z Zv‡`i gZ g‡b nq
A_©vr Zv‡`i g‡Zv nIqvi †Póv Kiv| G ai‡bi mv`„k¨ Aej¤^b Kiv m¤ú~Y© nvivg I
bvRv‡qh| G wel‡qi mv‡_ mswkøó wKQz nv`xm c~‡e© D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| GgbwK hw`
Zv‡`i g‡Zv nIqvi D‡Ïk¨ Qvov Awb”QvekZ †Kvb wKQz Zv‡`i gZ n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j
h_vm¤¢e Zv †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv DwPZ|
nhiZ Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
883.‫اﺳﺘﻄﻌﺘﻢ‬ ‫وﺧﺎﻟﻔﻮا أوﻟﻴﺎء اﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎن ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ‬... :
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~j Bikv` K‡ib, ...†Zvgiv h_vm¤¢e kqZv‡bi eÜz‡`i we‡ivwaZv Ki|Ó884
nhiZ ûhvBdv Be‡b Bqvgvb ivwh. e‡jb-

881 mnxn gymwjg: 2/193

882 mnxn gymwjg: 2/191
‫ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻴﺨﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬، «‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻷوﺳﻂ‬:‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ« )ﺑﺎب ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ اﻟﻠﺒﺎس وﻏﻴﺮﻩ( وﻗﺎل‬883
.‫ وأﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻓﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻳﺸﻬﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ اﻵﻳﺎت واﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬.‫ اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬.‫اﻟﺮازي وﻫﻮ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬
884 gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q`: 5/231
410 `imyj wdK&n
885
.‫ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺑﻘﻮم ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Ò‡h e¨w³ †Kvb RvwZi mv‡_ mv`„k¨ ivL‡e, †m Zv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z MY¨ n‡e|Ó886
†gvUK_v, Rv‡qh-bvRv‡qh mKj †¶‡Î weRvZxq ms¯‹…wZi AbymiY-AbyKiY nvivg|
bvRv‡qh Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i mv`„‡k¨i weavb †Zv my¯úó| Avi ˆea Kv‡RI G D‡Ï‡k¨
AbyKiY Kiv, †hb Zv‡`i g‡Zv †`Lv hvq ev †`L‡Z Zv‡`i g‡Zv g‡b nq GwU Bmjvgx
g~jbxwZi cwicš’x|
4_© g~jbxwZ: †cvkvK cwiav‡bi gva¨‡g An¼vi, AvZ¥Mwigv I gvby‡li `„wó AvKl©Y
BZ¨vw` D‡Ïk¨ n‡Z cvi‡e bv|
gvbyl‡K †`Lv‡bvi wbq‡Z ev Zv‡`i `„wó AvKl©‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb e¨wZµgag©x †cvkvK
cwiavb Kiv A_ev †Kvb †cvkvK cwiavb K‡i `¤¢f‡i nuvUv AZ¨šÍ wb›`bxq KvR| G
e¨vcv‡i nv`x‡m K‡Vvi ûuwkqvix D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q| nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi ivwh.
eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ أﻟﺒﺴﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺛﻮب ﻣﺬﻟﺔ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬،‫ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺛﻮب ﺷﻬﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Ò‡h e¨w³ `ywbqv‡Z cÖwmw×i D‡Ï‡k¨ †cvkvK cwiavb Ki‡e, wKqvg‡Zi w`b Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K jvÃbvi †cvkvK cwiavb Kiv‡eb|Ó887
nv`xmwUi e¨vL¨vq †gvjøv Avjx Kvix ivn. e‡jb-
‫ أو ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﻪ‬،‫ أو ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺨﺬﻩ اﻟﻤﺘﺰﻫﺪ ﻟﻴﺸﻬﺮ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻫﺪ‬،‫ ﺛﻮب ﺗﻜﺒﺮ وﺗﻔﺎﺧﺮ وﺗﺠﺒﺮ‬:‫)ﺛﻮب ﺷﻬﺮة( أي‬
‫ واﻟﺤﺎل أﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ‬،‫ أو ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﺒﺴﻪ اﻟﻤﺘﻔﻘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎء‬،‫اﻟﻤﺘﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺴﻴﺎدة ﻛﺎﻟﺜﻮب اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬
.‫اﻟﺴﻔﻬﺎء‬
ÒcÖwmw×i Kvco cwiavbKvix ej‡Z D‡Ïk¨ H e¨w³, †h AnwgKv, Me© I An¼v‡ii
†cvkvK cwiavb K‡i ev Ggb e¨w³, †h `ywbqvZ¨vMx wn‡m‡e L¨vwZ AR©‡bi Rb¨ `i‡ekx
†cvkvK cwiavb K‡i ev iw½b RvZxq †cvkvK c‡i †bZv nIqvi †ek a‡i wKsev
dKxn‡`i †ek a‡i, cÖKZ… c‡¶ Zvi Ae¯’v n‡jv, †m wb‡e©va‡`i AšÍf©y³|Ó888 (Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K ciKv‡j jvÃbvi †cvkvK cwiavb Kiv‡eb|)
nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-

‫ وﺑﻘﻴﺔ رﺟﺎﻟﻪ‬،‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »اﻻوﺳﻂ« وﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺮاب وﻗﺪ وﺛﻘﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ واﺣﺪ وﺿﻌﻔﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬: ‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ« وﻗﺎل‬885
.‫ﺛﻘﺎت‬
886 gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q`: nv`xm bs 17959
887 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 5664, nv`xmwU nvmvb|
888 wgiKvZzj gvdvZxn: 8/221, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 †cvkvK m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½ 411
889
.‫ اﻟﻤﺸﻬﻮرة ﻓﻲ ﺣﺴﻨﻬﺎ واﻟﻤﺸﻬﻮرة ﻓﻲ ﻗﺒﺤﻬﺎ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻧﻬﻰ ﻋﻦ ﻟﺒﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬
ivm~j `yÕai‡bi †cvkvK ci‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| DbœZgv‡bi nIqvi †¶‡Î cÖwm×
I wbgœgv‡bi nIqvi †¶‡Î cÖwm×|Ó890
nu¨v, Ace¨q Ges †jŠwKKZv Qvov ïay wb‡Ri AšÍi‡K cÖdzjø ivLvi Rb¨ A_ev wb‡Ri
Aviv‡gi ev †mŠ›`‡h©i Rb¨ g~j¨evb Ges `vgx †cvkvK cwiavb Kiv Rv‡qh Av‡Q| G‡Z
†Kvb Amyweav †bB|
5g g~jbxwZ: AcPq I Ace¨q bv n‡Z n‡e|
Ab¨vb¨ wRwb‡mi b¨vq †cvkvK cwi”Q‡`i †¶‡ÎI AcPq-Ace¨q wb›`bxq| G wel‡q
Bgvg bvmvqx ivn. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ ﻛﻠﻮا واﺷﺮﺑﻮا وﺗﺼﺪﻗﻮا واﻟﺒﺴﻮا ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ إﺳﺮاف أو ﻣﺨﻴﻠﺔ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~j e‡jb, †Zvgiv LvI, cvb K‡iv, m`Kv K‡iv Ges cwiavb K‡iv, hZ¶Y
ch©šÍ Zv Ace¨q I An¼vi wgwkªZ bv nq|Ó891
6ô g~jbxwZ: cyiæ‡li cwi‡aq e¯¿ UvLbyi Dc‡i _vK‡Z n‡e|
cyiæ‡li cwiav‡bi e¯¿ Z_v jyw½, cvqRvgv, RyeŸv, Avev BZ¨vw` †hme †cvkvK kix‡ii
wb‡Pi w`‡K Sz‡j _v‡K †mm‡ei †¶‡Î cyiæ‡li Rb¨ weavb n‡”Q, UvLbyi wbP ch©šÍ
Sywj‡q ci‡Z cvi‡e bv| eis UvLbyi Dc‡i ivL‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv nv`x‡m UvLbyi wb‡P
Kvco Szwj‡q ivLv e¨w³‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi ÔIÔqx`Õ †kvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †hgb nhiZ Avey
ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻣﺎ أﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻌﺒﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻹزار ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺎر‬
Òivm~j e‡jb, jyw½i †h Ask UvLbyi wb‡P hv‡e Zv Rvnvbœv‡g R¡j‡e|Ó892
GKwU fyj aviYvi wbimb
cyiæ‡li Rb¨ UvLbyi wb‡P Kvco Szwj‡q civ Kexiv ¸bvn| wKš‘ A‡b‡Ki aviYv †h,
An¼viekZ ci‡jB †Kej ¸bvn n‡e| myZivs †KD hw` An¼vi e¨ZxZ ïay †iIqvR
ev Af¨v‡mi Kvi‡Y c‡i, Zvn‡j †Kvb mgm¨v †bB| Zv‡`i G aviYv †gv‡UI wVK bq|
mwVK K_v n‡jv, An¼viekZ bv n‡jI Zv bv Rv‡qh Ges ¸bvn| Avi An¼viekZ
n‡j †Zv Av‡iv gvivZ¥K ¸bvn| nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن‬،‫ وﻻ ﺣﺮج أو ﻻ ﺟﻨﺎح ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ وﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﻌﺒﻴﻦ‬،‫ إزرة اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ إﻟﻰ ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺴﺎق‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬

.‫ وﻗﻮى ﺑﻌﺾ أﻣﺮﻩ‬.‫اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬.‫ وﻫﻮ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬،‫ وﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﺰﻳﻊ‬،‫ رواﻩ اﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ‬:‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ« )ﺑﺎب ﻓﻲ ﺛﻮب اﻟﺸﻬﺮة( وﻗﺎل‬889
890 gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q`: 5/238
891 mybv‡b bvmvqx: 2/265 nv`xm bs 2559; nv`xmwU nvmvb|
892 mnxn eyLvix: 2/861
412 `imyj wdK&n
893
.‫ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮ إزارﻩ ﺑﻄﺮا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﻠﻪ إﻟﻴﻪ‬،‫أﺳﻔﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻌﺒﻴﻦ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺎر‬
Òivm~j Bikv` K‡ib, gymjgv‡bi jyw½ _vK‡e cv‡qi bjvi A‡a©K ch©šÍ| G ¯’vb
†_‡K UvLbyi Dci ch©šÍ bvgv‡Z †Kvb mgm¨v †bB| wKš‘ Zv †_‡KI hv wb‡P bvg‡e
†mUv Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ An¼viekZ jyw½ wb‡P bvgv‡e, Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv
wKqvg‡Zi w`b Zvi w`‡K (ing‡Zi `„wó‡Z) ZvKv‡eb bv|Ó894
G nv`xm †_‡K G K_v ¯úó †h, †h e¨w³ An¼vi e¨ZxZ Kvco UvLbyi wb‡P bvgv‡e
†m Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ An¼viekZ bvgv‡e †m †Zv Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡eB, mv‡_
mv‡_ Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zvi Dci †_‡K ing‡Zi `„wó mwi‡q wb‡eb| G RvZxq e¨w³i
cwiYvg Kx n‡e Zv mn‡RB Aby‡gq|
UvLbyi wb‡P Kvco Szjv‡bvB An¼v‡ii AvjvgZ
ivm~jyjøvn UvLbyi wb‡P Kvco Szjv‡bv‡KB An¼v‡ii AvjvgZ mve¨¯Í K‡i‡Qb|
†hgb nhiZ Avey RyivB Rv‡ei Be‡b myjvBg ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z GKwU `xN© nv`x‡m
ivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-
‫ وإن‬،‫ وإﻳﺎك وإﺳﺒﺎل اﻹزار ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺨﻴﻠﺔ‬،‫ ﻓﺈن أﺑﻴﺖ ﻓﺈﻟﻰ اﻟﻜﻌﺒﻴﻦ‬،‫ وارﻓﻊ إزارك إﻟﻰ ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺴﺎق‬...
895.‫اﻟﻠﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺐ اﻟﻤﺨﻴﻠﺔ‬

Ò... †Zvgiv cv‡qi bjvi A‡a©K ch©šÍ jyw½ DwV‡q bvI| hw` Zv gvb‡Z bv cvi, Zvn‡j
UvLbyi Dci ch©šÍ bvgv‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e UvLbyi wb‡P bvgv‡bv †_‡K mveavb! †Kbbv Zv
An¼v‡ii Kvi‡YB n‡q _v‡K| Avi Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv An¼vi cQ›` K‡ib bv|Ó896
nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh. Gi nv`xm I Zvi e¨vL¨v
nhiZ Avey eKi wmÏxK ivwh. Gi Kvco gv‡S gv‡S †e‡Lqv‡j UvLbyi wb‡P P‡j †hZ|
wZwb ivm~j Gi wbKU G K_v †ck K‡ib Ges ivm~j Zvi mgvavb †`b, hv
Bgvg eyLvix ivn. wb‡gœi nv`x‡m eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ! إن‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ اﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬،‫ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ ﺧﻴﻼء ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﻠﻪ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬
.‫ ﻟﺴﺖ ﻣﻤﻦ ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻪ ﺧﻴﻼء‬:
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬،‫أﺣﺪ ﺷﻘﻲ إزاري ﻳﺴﺘﺮﺧﻲ إﻻ أن أﺗﻌﺎﻫﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻨﻪ‬
Òivm~j ej‡jb, †h e¨w³ An¼viekZ wb‡Ri Kvco UvLbyi wb‡P Szwj‡q c‡i
wKqvgZ w`e‡m Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Zvi w`‡K (ing‡Zi `„wó‡Z) ZvKv‡eb bv| nhiZ Avey
eKi wmÏxK ivwh. wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Bqv ivm~jvjøvn! Avgvi wb‡Ri B”Qv QvovB KL‡bv

.‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬: (‫ ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻓﻲ »رﻳﺎض اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ« )ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب اﻟﻘﻤﻴﺺ‬893
894 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/566, nv`xm bs 4095

.‫ رواﻩ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬: (‫ ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻓﻲ »رﻳﺎض اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﻴﻦ« )ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب اﻟﻘﻤﻴﺺ‬895
896 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/564, nv`xm bs 4086
 †cvkvK m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi `„wófw½ 413
jyw½i GK cvk¦© Sz‡j c‡o (Zvn‡j Avgvi Kx n‡e?)| ivm~j ej‡jb, Zzwg
897
An¼vix‡`i AšÍf©y³ bI|Ó
GB nv`x‡mi `yÕwU e¨vL¨v| 1. nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh. Gi e¨vcviwU wfbœ| GUv ïay Zuv‡K
we‡klfv‡e AbygwZ †`qv n‡qwQj GKwU we‡kl Kvi‡Y| Zv n‡jv, Zvi kix‡ii
MVbvK…wZ Ggb wQj †h, †Kvb cÖKvi B”Qv QvovB evi evi jyw½ UvLbyi wb‡P †b‡g
†h‡Zv| wZwb †¯^”Qvq Zv Szjv‡Zb bv| 2. nhiZ Avey eKi ivwh.†K ¯^qs ivm~jyjøvn
mb` cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb †h, Zuvi g‡a¨ An¼vi †bB| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i AšÍi †h
An¼vigy³ Gi mb` w`‡e †K? †Kvb An¼vix G K_v ¯^xKvi K‡i bv †h, Zvi g‡a¨
An¼vi Av‡Q| ZvQvov An¼vi AšÍ‡ii GKwU †Mvcb e¨vwa| ZvB A‡bK mgq †m
wb‡RI Dcjwä Ki‡Z cv‡i bv †h, Zvi g‡a¨ An¼vi Av‡Q| G Kvi‡YB Avjvg‡Zi
Dci wfwË K‡i kixÔAvZ weavb Rvwi K‡i‡Q|
7g g~jbxwZ: †jevm ‡cvkvK cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ I cwicvwU nIqv PvB|
Bmjv‡g †bvsivwgi †Kvb ¯’vb †bB| AcweÎZv I Acwi”QbœZv Avjøvn ZvÔAvjvi Kv‡Q
Lye AcQ›`bxq| gqjv †bvsiv †cvkvK cwiavb Kiv, cwi‡aq e¯¿ `yM©Ühy³, Amy›`i I
A‡MvQv‡jv K‡i civ Bmjvg †gv‡UB mg_©b K‡i bv|
nhiZ Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh. e‡jb-
،‫ أﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻫﺬا ﻳﺠﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻜﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺮآى رﺟﻼ ﺷﻌﺜﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻔﺮق ﺷﻌﺮﻩ‬،‫أﺗﺎﻧﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
زاﺋﺮا‬
.‫ أﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻫﺬا ﻳﺠﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻐﺴﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺛﻮﺑﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ورآى رﺟﻼ آﺧﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺛﻴﺎب وﺳﺨﺔ‬
ÒGKevi ivm~jyjøvn Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Avm‡jb| Zvici GK e¨w³i gv_vi Pzj
G‡jv‡g‡jv †`‡L ej‡jb,GB †jv‡Ki wK Ggb wKQz †bB hv w`‡q †m Zvi gv_v cwicvwU
K‡i ivL‡e? AZtci GK e¨w³‡K gqjv Kvco cwiwnZ †`‡L ej‡jb, Gi Kv‡Q wK
Ggb wKQz †bB, hv w`‡q †m Zvi Kvco †av‡e?Ó898
8g g~jbxwZ: KziAvb nv`x‡m †h †cvkvK cwiavb Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv cwinvi
Kiv †hgb †ikgx †cvkvK| nhiZ ûhvBdv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ وﻻ ﺗﺄﻛﻠﻮا ﻓﻲ‬،‫ وﻻ ﺗﺸﺮﺑﻮا ﻓﻲ آﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﺬﻫﺐ واﻟﻔﻀﺔ‬،‫ وﻻ اﻟﺪﻳﺒﺎج‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﻠﺒﺴﻮا اﻟﺤﺮﻳﺮ‬:‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﻘﻮل‬
.‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ وﻟﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻵﺧﺮة‬،‫ﺻﺤﺎﻓﻬﺎ‬
ÒAvwg ivm~j †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, †Zvgiv †ikgx I `xevR (GK cÖKv‡ii †ikgx
†cvkvK) Kvco cwiavb K‡iv bv Ges †mvbv-iƒcvi cv‡Î cvb K‡iv bv| †m¸‡jvi _vjvq
cvbvnvi K‡iv bv| wbðq †m¸‡jv `ywbqv‡Z Kv‡di‡`i Rb¨ Ges Av‡Liv‡Z Avgv‡`i

897 mnxn eyLvix: 2/860

898 gymbv‡` Avng`: nv`xm bs 14850; mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/562; mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb: nv`xm bs 5483, gyAvm&mvmvZzi
wimvjv
414 `imyj wdK&n
Rb¨|Ó899
m‡e©vcwi GKRb gywgb me©‡¶‡Î ivm~j Gi AbymiY-AbyKiY Kivi †Póv Ki‡e
GUvB ¯^vfvweK| Avi ivm~j †K e¨vcKfv‡e AbymiY Kivi Av‡`k KziAv‡b
AmsL¨evi D‡jøL n‡q‡Q|
ZvB `ywbqvi PvKwP‡K¨i w`‡K bv ZvwK‡q ivm~j Gi Av`k© Z_v kixÔAv‡Zi
g~jbxwZi AbyKiY K‡i †cvkvK cwiavb Kivi gv‡SB Kj¨vY wbwnZ| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv
Avgv‡`i mevB‡K kixÔAvZm¤§Z †cvkvK cwiavb Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Kiæb| Avgxb\

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
18 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.

899 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 5426

 415

Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi: Zvrch© I iƒc‡iLv

gvIjvbv web Bqvwgb e¸ovex
mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr KvR n‡Z wb‡la Øx‡bi GK Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| Gi Rb¨
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Avmgvbx MÖšm’ g~n Ges †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb ivm~jMY‡K|
†kl bex nhiZ gynv¤§` Gi D¤§Z‡KI mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡Ri wb‡la
Kivi ¸iæ`vwqZ¡ Ac©Y K‡i‡Qb| bexRx Gi hvgvbv †_‡K A`¨ewa gymjgvbMY
G gnvb `vwqZ¡ AvÄvg w`‡q Avm‡Qb| Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡b Zvi iƒc‡iLvq wewfbœ
cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q| wKš‘ g~j welq i‡q‡Q AcwieZ©bxq| e¶¨gvY cÖe‡Ü g~j welq I
iƒc‡iLvi Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e Bb&kvAvjøvn|
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii A_© I D‡Ïk¨
‫( ﻣﻌﺮوف‬gvÔiƒd) k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© Kj¨vY, g½j, `qv, AbyMÖn| ‫( ﻣﻨﻜﺮ‬gybKvi)
k‡ãi A_© Lvivc, wbK…ó, RNb¨| GLv‡b Kj¨vY I Lvivc DfqwU wbY©q n‡e kixÔAv‡Zi
Av‡jv‡K|
Kvhx QvbvDjøvn cvwbc_x ivn. qpon  ml GB Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq
wj‡L‡Qb-
‫ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﺎ أﻧﻜﺮﻩ‬qpon ،‫  أي ﻣﺎ ﻋﺮف ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮع ﺣﺴﻨﻪ واﺟﺒﺎ أو ﻣﻨﺪوﺑﺎ‬ml
.‫اﻟﺸﺮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺎت واﻟﻤﻜﺮوﻫﺎت‬
Ò‡h KvR‡K Bmjvg my›`i I mr e‡j‡Q Zv gvÔiƒd Avi †h KvR‡K Bmjvg eR©b Kivi
wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q Zv gybKv‡ii AšÍf©y³|Ó900
KziAvb nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 utsrqpon  ml kji hgf
ÒAvi †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb GKUv `j _vKv DwPZ, hviv AvnŸvb Rvbv‡e mr Kv‡Ri
cÖwZ, wb‡`©k w`‡e fvj Kv‡Ri Ges eviY Ki‡e Ab¨vq KvR †_‡K Avi ZvivB
mdjKvg|Ó901
Av‡iv Bikv` K‡ib-

900 Zvdmx‡i gvhnvix: 2/114, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

901 m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 104
 416 `imyj wdK&n

ZY
X
W
V
U

T
S
R
Q
P
O
N

Ò†Zvgiv n‡j m‡e©vËg D¤§Z| gvbeRvwZi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i D™¢e NUv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| †Zvgiv mr Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k `vb Ki‡e I Ab¨vq Kv‡R evav cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ges
Avjøvni cÖwZ Cgvb Avb‡e|Ó902
Ab¨Î Bikv` n‡q‡Q-
 kjihgfed cba
ÒAvi Cgvb`vi cyiæl I Cgvb`vi bvix G‡K Ac‡ii mnvqK| Zviv mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k
†`q Ges Amr KvR †_‡K wb†la K‡i|Ó903
nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ‬،‫ ﻣﻦ رأى ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻣﻨﻜﺮا ﻓﻠﻴﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻓﺈن ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ ﻓﺒﻠﺴﺎﻧﻪ‬:‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻘﻮل‬
.‫ﻓﺒﻘﻠﺒﻪ وذﻟﻚ أﺿﻌﻒ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬
ÒAvwg ivm~j †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Ò†h e¨w³ †Kvb Ab¨vq KvR n‡Z †`‡L, hw` nvZ
Øviv eÜ Kivi kw³ _v‡K Z‡e Zv‡K nvZ Øviv eÜ K‡i w`‡e| hw` H cwigvY kw³ bv
iv‡L Z‡e hevb Øviv Zvi cÖwZev` Ki‡e| hw` GB ¶gZvI bv _v‡K Z‡e AšÍi Øviv
KvRwU‡K Lvivc g‡b Ki‡e, Avi Zv Cgv‡bi me©wbgœ ¯Íi|Ó904
nhiZ ûhvBdv Be‡b Bqvgvb ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
‫ وﻟﺘﻨﻬﻮن ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ أو ﻟﻴﻮﺷﻜﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ أن ﻳﺒﻌﺚ‬،‫ واﻟﺬي ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻟﺘﺄﻣﺮن ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ ﺛﻢ ﺗﺪﻋﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎب ﻟﻜﻢ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻋﻘﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ‬
ÒbexRx †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, ÒH Rv‡Zi Kmg hvi nv‡Z Avgvi g„Zz¨ Aek¨B
†Zvgiv mr Kv‡R Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡R wb‡la Ki‡e| bZzev AwZ kxNÖB Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv
†Zvgv‡`i Dci kvw¯Í †cÖiY Ki‡eb| AZtci †Zvgiv `yÔAv Ki‡e, wKš‘ †Zvgv‡`i
`yÔAv Keyj Kiv n‡e bv|Ó905
nhiZ Rvixi Be‡b Avãyjøvn ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb-
‫ ﻳﻘﻮل ﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ رﺟﻞ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮم ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻳﻘﺪرون ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻳﻐﻴﺮوا‬:
‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
.‫ وﻻ ﻳﻐﻴﺮون إﻻ أﺻﺎﺑﻬﻢ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﻘﺎب ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﻤﻮﺗﻮا‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﻐﻴﺮوا ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjøvn †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, Òhw` †Kvb †Mv‡Îi g‡a¨ †Kvb e¨w³ ¸bv‡ni

902 m~iv Avj-Bgivb: 110

903 m~iv ZvIev: 71
904 mnxn gymwjg: 1/51
905 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 2/40, Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K nvmvb e‡j‡Qb|
 Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi: Zvrch© I iƒc‡iLv 417
g‡a¨ wjß nq Avi H †Mv‡Îi cÖwZ‡iva Kivi ¶gZv _vKv m‡Ë¡I cÖwZ‡iva bv K‡i,
Zvn‡j Zv‡`i Dci g„Zz¨i c~‡e©B Avhve Avm‡e|Ó906
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii Zvrch©
Bgvg MvRvjx ivn. e‡jb, Òmr Kv‡R Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡R wb‡la Kiv Øx‡bi GKwU
kw³kvjx ¯Í¤¢| G KvR GZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †h, G KvR‡K AvÄvg †`qvi Rb¨ mg¯Í bex‡K
†cÖiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw` G KvR †Q‡o †`qv nq Ges Gi Bjg I Avgj‡K cwiZ¨vM
Kiv nq, Zvn‡j (bvDhywejøvn) beyIqvZ †eKvi mve¨¯Í n‡e| AjmZv e¨vcK n‡e|
†Mvgivnx I c_åóZvi cÖk¯Í iv¯Ívmg~n Ly‡j hv‡e| mviv `yywbqv AÁZvq Wy‡e hv‡e|
mg¯Í Kv‡R Lvivex G‡m hv‡e| cvi¯úwiK Ø›Ø I gZwe‡iva ïiæ n‡e| mgv‡R Lvivex
Avi¤¢ n‡e| gvLj~K aŸsm I eiev` n‡q hv‡e|Ó907
gydZx kdx ivn. e‡j‡Qb, Ògymwjg RvwZi Kj¨vY `yÕwU wel‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj| 1.
†Lv`vfxwZ I Avjøvni i¾y‡K `„pfv‡e aviY Kivi gva¨‡g AvZ¥ms‡kvab| 2. cÖPvi ev
Zvejx‡Mi gva¨‡g Ac‡ii ms‡kvab| hw` mg¯Í gymjgvb mw¤§wjZfv‡e Zv ev¯Íevqb
K‡i, Zvn‡j Awbevh© dj¯^iƒc Zviv ci¯úi HK¨e× I myk„•Lj RvwZ‡Z cwiYZ n‡e|
m~iv Bqvwmb 103 I 104 b¤^i Avqv‡Zi mvigg© nj, wb‡Ri PwiÎ I Kvh©µg Avjøvni
†`qv AvBb Abyhvqx ms‡kvab Kiv Ges Ab¨vb¨ fvB‡qi KvRKg© ms‡kva‡bi wPšÍv
Kiv| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-
 Q PONMLK JIH
ÒciKv‡ji ¶wZ n‡Z Zviv gy³ hviv wb‡Riv Cgvb Av‡b I mrKg© m¤úv`b K‡i Ges
G‡K Aci‡K nK I mrK‡g© AUj _vKvi wb‡`©k †`q|Ó908
RvZxq I mgwóMZ Rxe‡bi Rb¨ GKwU kw³kvjx HK¨ _vKv †hgb Acwinvh©, GgbB
†m HK¨ w¯’wZkxj ivLvi Rb¨ Avgi wej ÔgvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKviÕI Acwinvh©|
Av‡jvP¨ Avqv‡Z ZvB ejv n‡q‡Q, cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wb‡Ri Cgvb Avg‡ji mv‡_ mv‡_ Aci
fvB‡KI fvj Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I g›` KvR †_‡K wb‡la Kiv‡K Avcb KZ©e¨ g‡b Ki‡e,
hv‡Z Avjøvni i¾y Zvi nvZ †_‡K dm‡K bv hvq| Avjøvgv kveŸxi Avng` Imgvbx
ivn. ej‡Zb, ÒAvjøvni G i¾y wQu‡o †h‡Z cv‡i bv| Aek¨ nvZ †_‡K dm‡K †h‡Z
cv‡i- ZvB G i¾y‡K dm‡K hvevi Avk¼vi cwi‡cªw¶‡Z KziAvb cvK wb‡`©k Rvwi
K‡i‡Q †h, cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgvb †hgb wb‡R mrKg© Kiv I ¸bvn †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv‡K Riæix
g‡b Ki‡e †Zgwb Aci‡K mr Kv‡R Av‡`k I Amr KvR †_‡K wb‡la Kiv‡K GKwU
KZ©e¨ g‡b Ki‡e|Ó909

906 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: 2/596, mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb: nv`xm bs 302
907 BnBqvD Dj~wgÏxb: 2/265, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
908 m~iv Avm&i: 3
909 mswÿß gvÔAvwidyj KziAvb evsjv: 192-193, (†mŠ`x bymLv)
418 `imyj wdK&n
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii ûKzg
mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡R wb‡l‡ai ûKzg `yÕfv‡e D‡jøL Kiv hvq| 1. mr Kv‡Ri
Av‡`k Avjøvni c¶ n‡Z Ggb ûKzg, hv Awbw`©ófv‡e mevB‡K AšÍf©y³ K‡i| Z‡e
†Kvb GKRb Av`vq Ki‡j mevi c¶ †_‡K Av`vq n‡q hvq| Avi †KD Av`vq bv
Ki‡j mevB ¸bvnMvi n‡e| hv‡K kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq Ôdi‡h wKdvqvÕ ejv nq|
Kvhx QvbvDjøvn cvwbc_x ivn. ‫اﻵﻳﺔ‬...‫ وﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
‫ وﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ‬،‫وﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﺒﻌﻴﺾ »ﻷن اﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف« و»اﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ« ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮوض اﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ ﺧﺎﻃﺐ‬،‫ وﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬،‫ واﻟﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺣﺘﺴﺎب‬،‫ﻟﻪ ﻛﻞ أﺣﺪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺸﺘﺮط ﻟﻪ ﺷﺮوط ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺴﻘﻂ‬،‫اﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ وﻃﻠﺐ ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻟﻴﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﻪ واﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ ﺗﺮك اﻟﻜﻞ أﺛﻤﻮا ﺟﻤﻴﻌﺎ‬
.‫ وﺟﺎز أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﺘﺒﻴﻴﻦ‬.‫ وﻫﺬا ﺷﺄن ﻓﺮوض اﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ‬،‫ﺑﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬
Ò‫ وﻟﺘﻜﻦ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬GB Avqv‡Z ‫ ﻣﻦ‬kãwU ‫ ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺾ‬Gi (wKQz †evSv‡bvi) Rb¨| †Kbbv Avgi wej
gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi di‡h wKdvqv| KviY, †h‡nZz Gi Rb¨ Bjg I A‡b¨i
gynvmvev Kivi ¶gZv _vKv kZ©| ZvB cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³ G Kv‡Ri †hvM¨Zv iv‡L bv| Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv mKj‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i mgwóMZfv‡e mK‡ji wbKU KvRwU Zje K‡i‡Qb,
Z‡e wKQz gvbyl †_‡K KvRwU msMwVZ nIqv †P‡q‡Qb| (mKj‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i wKQz
†jvK †_‡K KvRwU †P‡q‡Qb) G K_v cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ †h, KvRwU mK‡ji Dci
IqvwRe| myZivs †KD hw` bv K‡i, Zvn‡j mK‡jB ¸bvnMvi n‡e| wKš‘ wKQz gvbyl
KvRwU Ki‡j mK‡jB `vwqZ¡gy³ n‡q hv‡e| Avi GUvB di‡h wKdvqvi A_©|Ó910
myZivs mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡R wb‡la Kiv ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wbw`©ó †Kvb
e¨w³i Dci eZ©v‡e bv, eis di‡h wKdvqv|
2. Kv‡iv mvg‡b hw` †Kvb Lvivc KvR msMwVZ nq ev msMwVZ nIqvi Dcµg nq ev
†Kvb mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`‡ki cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q, G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I
Amr Kv‡Ri wb‡l‡ai ûKzg mevi Rb¨ GK ch©v‡qi bq| †hgbwU Avey mvC` Ly`ix
ivwh. Gi nv`xm †_‡K †evSv hvq| wdK‡ni wKZv‡eI Gi Av‡jvPbv cvIqv hvq|
،‫ ﻓﺎﻷﻣﺮ واﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬،‫إن ﻛﺎن ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﺄﻛﺒﺮ رأﻳﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ أﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف ﻳﻘﺒﻠﻮن ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻨﻪ وﻳﻤﺘﻨﻌﻮن ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ‬
‫ وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﻬﻢ‬.‫ ﻓﺘﺮﻛﻪ أﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ وﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺄﻛﺒﺮ رأﻳﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ أﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺬﻓﻮﻩ وﺷﺘﻤﻮﻩ‬.‫وﻻ ﻳﺴﻌﻪ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ‬
‫ وﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﺿﺮﺑﻮﻩ ﺻﺒﺮ‬،‫ وﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﺪاوة وﻳﻬﻴﺞ ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻘﺘﺎل ﻓﺘﺮﻛﻪ أﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ﻳﻀﺮﺑﻮﻧﻪ وﻻ ﻳﺼﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫ وﻟﻮ ﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﻠﻮن ﻣﻨﻪ وﻻ‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﺸﻜﻮ إﻟﻰ أﺣﺪ ﻓﻼ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺄن ﻳﻨﻬﻰ ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺠﺎﻫﺪ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫ اﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﻣﺮاء وﺑﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎن‬:‫ وﻳﻘﺎل‬...‫ﻳﺨﺎف ﻣﻨﻪ ﺿﺮﺑﺎ وﻻ ﺷﺘﻤﺎ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻴﺎر واﻷﻣﺮ أﻓﻀﻞ‬

910 Zvdmx‡i gvhnvix: 2/113-114, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb

 Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi: Zvrch© I iƒc‡iLv 419
.‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء وﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻟﻌﻮام اﻟﻨﺎس‬
Òmr Kv‡R Av‡`k Amr Kv‡R wb‡la cÖ`vbKvixi hw` cÖej aviYv nq †h,Ab¨iv Zvi
K_v MÖnY Ki‡e, Zvn‡j Ab¨‡`i‡K Zvi Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi Kiv
IqvwRe| Avi hw` cÖejfv‡e G aviYv nq †h, †m ej‡j Zv‡K Kó w`‡e, Mvwj w`‡e,
Zvn‡j cwiZ¨vM Kiv DËg| Abyiƒc hw` †m eyS‡Z cv‡i †h, Zviv Zv‡K gviai Ki‡e
Avi †m ˆah©aviY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv, ci¯ú‡ii gv‡S kÎæZv m„wó n‡e, Gi d‡j
gvivgvwi-KvUvKvwU ïiæ n‡e, Zvn‡j cwiZ¨vM Kiv DËg| Avi hw` gvi †L‡q Awf‡hvM
bv K‡i ˆah©aviY Ki‡Z cvi‡e, Zvn‡j g›`KvR †_‡K evav †`qv‡Z †Kvb Amyweav
†bB| G Ae¯’vq †m gyRvwn` wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e| Avi hw` Zvi aviYv nq †h Zviv MÖnY
bv Ki‡jI †Kvb Kó w`‡e bv, Zvn‡j `vIqvZ †`qv Zvi B”Qvaxb| w`‡Z cv‡i,bvI
w`‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Av‡`k KivB DËg... Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z, nvZ Øviv cÖwZnZ Ki‡e
GKgvÎ ev`kv| Avi hevb Øviv Ijvgv‡q †Kivg Ges AšÍi Øviv mvaviY RbMY|Ó911
nhiZ ûhvBdv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻳﺘﻌﺮض ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻼء‬:‫ وﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺬل ﻧﻔﺴﻪ؟ ﻗﺎل‬: ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬.‫ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻦ أن ﻳﺬل ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
912.‫ﻟﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻄﻴﻖ‬

Ò ivm~j mv. Bikv` K‡ib,‡Kvb gywg‡bi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K Ac`¯’ Kiv DwPZ bq| †jv‡Kiv
wR‡Ám Kij, wb‡R‡K Kxfv‡e Ac`¯’ Kiv nq? wZwb Rev‡e ej‡jb, wb‡R‡K Ggb
†Kvb gymxe‡Zi gy‡LvgywL Kiv, hv mn¨ Kivi kw³ †bB|Ó913
ZvB mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡R wb‡la Ki‡Z wM‡q hw` Ggb K‡ói m¤§yLxb n‡Z
nq hv mn¨ Kiv m¤¢e bq, Zvn‡j G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr KvR
wb‡la Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vKvi AeKvk i‡q‡Q|
A_©vr mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡Ri wb‡l‡ai ûKzg me©ve¯’vq GK bq| ¯’vb,
cwi‡ek I Av‡`k I wb‡laKvixi Ae¯’v m‡e©vcwi me wKQzi mgš^‡q ûKzg w¯’i n‡e|
G K_vI g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi ïay `vIqv‡Zi
gv‡S mxgve× bq eis †h †Kvb ˆea cš’vq Kivi my‡hvM Av‡Q Ges Kiv DwPZ|
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii iƒc‡iLv
Avgi wej gviƒc I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii Zvrch© Rvbvi ci Gi iƒc‡iLv Kx? Kx
c×wZ‡Z Zv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡j c„w_exi cÖwZwU gvbyl Øxb Bmjv‡gi w`‡K avweZ n‡e, Zv
Rvbv `iKvi| G m¤ú‡K© Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡i‡Qb-

911 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix 5/407, `viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb

.‫ ﻫﺬا ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‬:‫ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ »ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ« وﻗﺎل‬912
913 Rv‡g wZiwghx: nv`xm bs 2420, Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K nvmvb e‡j‡Qb|
420 `imyj wdK&n

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ÒAvcb cvjbKZ©vi c‡_i w`‡K AvnŸvb Kiæb Áv‡bi K_v eywS‡q I DËgiƒ‡c Dc‡`k
ïwb‡q Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ weZK© Kiæb cQ›`bxq cš’vq|Ó914
DwjøwLZ Avqv‡Zi Zvdmxi Ki‡Z wM‡q iƒûj gvÔAvbxi MÖšK ’ vi e‡jb, ÔAvqv‡Zi
eY©bvc×wZ †_‡K Rvbv hvq, Avm‡j `yÕwU welqB `vIqv‡Zi g~jbxwZ- wnKgZ I
Dc‡`k| Z…Zxq welq A_©vr weZK©, g~jbxwZi AšÍf©y³ bq| Z‡e `vIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î
†Kvb †Kvb mgq GiI cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q|
†gvUK_v, `vIqv‡Zi g~jbxwZ `yÕwU- wnKgZ I Dc‡`k| G¸‡jv †_‡K †Kvb `vIqvZ
k~Y¨ nIqv DwPZ bq| Av‡jg I we‡kl †kªYxi †jvK‡`i‡K `vIqvZ †`qv †nvK wKsev
me©mvaviY‡K `vIqvZ †`qv †nvK| Z‡e `vIqv‡Zi Kv‡R gv‡S gv‡S Ggb †jvK‡`iI
m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq, hviv m‡›`n I wØav؇›Ø _v‡K Ges `vIqvZ cÖ`vbKvixi mv‡_ ZK©-
weZK© Ki‡Z D`¨Z nq| GgZve¯’vq weZ‡K©i wk¶v `vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ mv‡_ mv‡_
‫( ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﻫﻲ أﺣﺴﻦ‬DËgcš’v Aej¤^b) †K kZ© wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q, †h weZK©
G k‡Z©i mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ bq, kixÔAv‡Z Zvi †Kvb gh©v`v †bB|915
wnKgvZ
wnKg‡Zi wewfbœ Zvdmxi Av‡Q| Z‡e Zvdmx‡i iæûj eqv‡bi e¨vL¨vwU Lye my›`i|
ÔwnKgZ e‡j †m AšÍi`„wó‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q, hvi mvnv‡h¨ gvbyl Ae¯’vi Pvwn`v †R‡b
wb‡q Z`byhvqx K_v e‡j| Ggb mgq I my‡hvM Lyu‡R †bq, hv cÖwZc‡¶i Dci †evSv
g‡b bv nq| bgªZvi ¯’‡j bgªZv I K‡VviZvi ¯’‡j K‡VviZv Aej¤^b K‡i| †hLv‡b
g‡b K‡i †h, ¯úófv‡e ej‡j cÖwZc¶ jw¾Z n‡e †mLv‡b Bw½‡Z e‡j| wKsev Ggb
fw½ Aej¤^b K‡i, hÏiæb cÖwZc¶ j¾vi m¤§yLxb nq bv Ges Zvi g‡b
GK¸u‡qwgfveI m„wó nq bv|916
gvIBhvn
‫ ﻣﻮﻋﻈﺔ‬Gi A_© n‡jv, ï‡f”Qvg~jK K_v Ggbfv‡e ejv, hv‡Z cÖwZc‡¶i gb Zv Keyj
Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯Z‘ n‡q hvq| †hgb Zvi Kv‡Q Keyj Kivi mvIqve I DcKvwiZv Ges
Keyj bv Kivi kvw¯Í I AcKvwiZv eY©bv Kiv|917
‫ اﻟﺤﺴﻨﺔ‬Gi A_© n‡jv, eY©bv (I wk‡ivbvg) Ggb nIqv †h, cÖwZc¶ †hb G e¨vcv‡i
wbwðZ nq †h, G‡Z Avcbvi †Kvb ¯^v_© †bB, ïay Zvi Kj¨v‡Yi LvwZ‡i ej‡Qb| A‡bK
mgq ï‡f”Qvg~jK K_vI Ggb fw½‡Z ejv nq, hvi d‡j cÖwZc¶ Acgvb †eva K‡i,
914 m~iv bvnvj: 125
915 mswÿß evsjv gvÔAv‡idzj KziAvb: 762, (†mŠ`x bymLv)
916 mswÿß evsjv gvÔAvwidzj KziAvb: 761, (†mŠ`x bymLv)
917 Kvg~m, gydiv`v‡Z ivwMe, `ªóe¨, mswÿß evsjv gvÔAvwidzj KziAvb: 761, (†mŠ`x bymLv)
 Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi: Zvrch© I iƒc‡iLv 421
G cš’v cwiZ¨vM Kivi Rb¨ ‫ ﺣﺴﻨﺔ‬kãwU evov‡bv n‡q‡Q|
DËg cš’vq ZK©-weZK©
`vIqv‡Zi Kv‡R †Kv_vI hw` ZK©-weZ‡K©i cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q, Zvn‡j Zv DËg cš’vq
nIqv `iKvi| Zvdmx‡i iæûj gvÔAvbx‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q, DËg cš’vi gv‡b GB †h,
K_vevZ©vq bgªZv I bgbxqZv Aej¤^b Kiv n‡e| Ggb hyw³-cÖgvY †ck Ki‡Z n‡e,
hv cÖwZc¶ eyS‡Z m¶g nq| eûj cÖPwjZ, cÖwm× I mywew`Z evK¨vewji gva¨‡g cÖgvY
w`‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z cÖwZc‡¶i m‡›`n `~ixf~Z nq Ges †m nUKvwiZvi c_ cwinvi
K‡i|918
ivm~j Gi Kg©aviv †_‡K cwi®‹vi †h, wZwb `vIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î ZK© weZK©‡K
†gŠwjKfv‡e MÖnY K‡ibwb| eis Zuvi `vIqv‡Zi gv‡S cÖ_g `yÕwUB cÖvavb¨ †cZ| ZvB
cÖwZ c¶‡K (¯^ag©x †nvK ev weag©x) `vIqvZ †`qvi †¶‡Î ZK©-weZK©‡K wgkb evbv‡bv
mybœvn cwicš’x| gvIjvbv gynv¤§` iv‡e nvmvbx bv`vfx nvwdhvûjøvn e‡jb-
‫وﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ اﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻨﺎ اﻟﻴﻮم ﻫﻮ دﻳﻦ اﻟﺠﺪل واﻟﻀﺮب أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ أن ﻳﻜﻮن دﻳﻦ اﻟﻔﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬
.‫ ﻓﻠﻦ ﻧﺠﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺮب ردا إﻻ ﺑﺎﻹﻋﺮاض واﻟﻤﻘﺖ‬،‫ وﻣﺎ دﻣﻨﺎ ﻧﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻠﻐﺮب وﺟﻪ اﻟﻌﻨﻒ واﻟﺠﺪل ﻟﻺﺳﻼم‬،‫واﻟﺒﺮ‬
ÒeZ©gv‡b †Kvb †Kvb fvB Bmjvg‡K Ggbfv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Qb hvi d‡j, g‡b n‡”Q,
Bmjv‡g ZK©-weZ‡K©i Ae¯’vb †ewk DbœZ AvLjvK I åvZ…Z¡‡ev‡ai †P‡q| hZw`b
weag©x‡`i Kv‡Q K‡VviZv I weZ‡K©i gva¨‡g Avgiv Bmjvg‡K Dc¯’vcb Ki‡ev,
ZZw`b Zv‡`i †_‡K ïay wegyLZv I N„YvB Avgiv cv‡ev|Ó919
Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii KwZcq bxwZgvjv
Bgvg Mvhvjx ivn. wj‡L‡Qb Ges gydZx kdx ivn. evievi ej‡Zb- K_vwU ¯§iY ivLvi
†hvM¨, gZwe‡ivac~Y© wel‡q ‫( أﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮوف وﻧﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ‬mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr
Kv‡R evav `vb) Gi `vwqZ¡ Awc©Z nq bv| Øx‡bi me©¯^xK…Z I me©Rb M„nxZ welqvw`i
‡ÿ‡ÎB ïay mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k I AmrKv‡R wb‡l‡ai `vwqZ¡ Awc©Z nq| AZGe, hw`
†Kvb e¨w³ gZwe‡ivac~Y© gvmAvjvq wfbœ gZvej¤^x nb, Zv‡K fr©mbv Kiv Av‡`Š
ZvejxM Z_v Øx‡bi cÖwZ gvbyl‡K WvKvi `vex bq|920
hviv Øx‡bi wewfbœ kvLvq `vIqvZx Kv‡R gMœ Av‡Qb Zv‡`i Rb¨ G welqwU LyeB
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wKQz fvB Av‡Qb, hviv wb‡R‡K mvjvdx e‡j cwiPq †`b, Zviv wgkb
evwb‡q‡Qb †h, Zv‡`i g‡Zi wecixZ †KD Avgj Ki‡jB (hw`I Zvi c‡¶ `jxj
we`¨gvb) Zv‡K wb‡Ri g‡Zi w`‡K `vIqvZ w`‡Z _v‡K Ges A‡b¨i `jxjhy³ gZwU‡K

918 cÖv¸³
919 gvwmK Avi iv‡q`, j‡²Š, fviZ: gynviivg: 1435wn.
920 mvB‡q` Aveyj nvmvb Avjx b`fx in. -Gi wgkb: 31, gvKZvevZzj Bnmvb, nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg
422 `imyj wdK&n
evwZj ej‡Z _v‡K| G cš’vwU mvjv‡di Avgj I mybœvn cwicš’x|
wb‡gœ Av‡iv wKQz g~jbxwZ D‡jøL Kiv n‡”Q, `vIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î †h¸‡jv we‡klfv‡e
j¶Yxq-
1. †kªvZvi gb-gvbwmKZvi cÖwZ j¶¨ ivLv, bZzev A‡bK mgq `vIqvZ dj`vqK nq
bv|
2. RoZvgy³, weï× I cÖvÄj fvlvq `vIqvZ †`qv| G Rb¨ nhiZ g~mv Av. Avjøvni
wbK‡U RoZv †_‡K gyw³ I weï× fvlvi Rb¨ `yÔAv K‡ib-
 º¹¸¶ µ´³²
ÒAvgvi wRnŸv †_‡K RoZv `~i K‡i w`b| hv‡Z Zviv Avgvi K_v eyS‡Z cv‡i|Ó921
  ¼»º¹¸ ¶µ´³²±
ÒAvgvi fvB nviæb Avgvi †P‡q cÖvÄjfvlx| AZGe, Zv‡K Avgvi mv‡_ mvnv‡h¨i Rb¨
†cÖiY Kiæb| †m Avgv‡K mg_©b Ki‡e|Ó922
3. `vIqv‡Zi welqe¯Íy I Dcv`v‡b wfbœZv _vKv| `vIqv‡Z mymsev` _vK‡e, `ytmsev`I
_vK‡e| Rvbœv‡Zi †bqvg‡Zi eY©bv _vK‡e, Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhv‡ei K_vI _vK‡e| KL‡bv
Drmv‡ni K_v ejv, KL‡bv fxwZi K_v ejv| ïay GK ai‡bi K_v bv ejv| G‡Z
†kªvZvi gv‡S GK¸u‡qgx m„wó n‡e|
4. gv‡S gv‡S weiwZ †`qv| hw` jvMvZvi `vIqvZ †`qv nq, Zvn‡j †kªvZv wei³ n‡Z
cv‡i| ZvB weiwZ w`‡q `vIqvZ †`qv DwPZ| nhiZ Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. †K †Kvb
e¨w³ cÖwZw`b bmxnZ Kivi Av‡e`b Ki‡j wZwb e‡jb-
‫ وإﻧﻲ أﺧﻮﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﻋﻈﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﺘﺨﻮﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﻬﺎ‬،‫أﻣﺎ إﻧﻪ ﻳﻤﻨﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ أﻧﻲ أﻛﺮﻩ أن أﻣﻠﻜﻢ‬
.‫ﻣﺨﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺴﺂﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬
Òï‡b ivL! cÖwZw`b IqvR Kivq Avgvi evav Av‡Q| Avwg †Zvgv‡`i wei³ Ki‡Z PvB
bv| Avwg Iqv‡Ri gv‡S weiwZ cÖ`vb K‡i _vwK| †hgb ivm~jyjøvn Avgv‡`i
923
weiw³i Avk¼vq gv‡S gv‡S weiwZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Zb| Ó
5. bgªfv‡e K_v ejv| iæ¶Zv cwinvi Kiv| hv‡K `vIqvZ †`qv n‡e †m hZB Aeva¨
I D×Z †nvK bv †Kb| †divDb‡K `vIqvZ †`qvi mgq g~mv I nviæb Av. †K Avjøvn
ZvÔAvjv e‡jb-

921 m~iv †Zvqv-nv: 27-28

922 m~iv Kvmvm: 34
923 mnxn eyLvix: 1/16
 Avgi wej gvÔiƒd I bvnx Avwbj gybKvi: Zvrch© I iƒc‡iLv 423

 ¡  ~ }|{z yxw v  ut sr

Ò†Zvgiv Df‡q †divD‡bi Kv‡Q hvI, †m Lye D×Z n‡q †M‡Q| AZtci †Zvgiv
bgªfv‡e K_v ej, nqZ †m wPšÍv-fvebv Ki‡e A_ev fxZ n‡e|Ó924
6. Kj¨vY cªwZôvi ¯^v‡_© Ab¨vq‡K mn¨ Kiv| A‡bK mgq †kªvZv‡K †Mvbv‡n wjß †`‡LI
Zv‡K bmxnZ ev D³ Ab¨vq †_‡K weiZ nIqvi Dc‡`k †`Iqv hv‡e bv hw` ZLb
Dc‡`k MÖnY Kivi gvbwmKZv Zvi bv _v‡K, eis AvksKv nq Dc‡`‡k P‡U wM‡q
¸bv‡n nUKvwiZv K‡i em‡e| †Kbbv, Ggb n‡j AvksKv i‡q‡Q,fwel¨‡Z Avi KLbI
Dc‡`k †`qvi my‡hvM Avm‡e bv|925
`vIqvZ djcÖm~ nIqvi Rb¨ wZbwU Avek¨Kxq kZ©
(gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx `v.ev. e‡jb) kvBLyj Bmjvg gvIjvbv kveŸxi Avng` Dmgvbx
ivn. (Avjøvn cvK Rvbœv‡Z Zuvi gh©v`v mgybœZ Kiæb) Gi GKwU AwZ dj`vqK I
Kvh©Kix evYx Avgvi ¯§iY n‡jv| Avwg †Zv Zv Øviv Lye DcK„Z n‡qwQ| wZwb ej‡Zb,
nK K_v, nK cš’vq, nK wbq‡Z ej‡j KL‡bv wek„sLjv m„wó nq bv| Z‡e kZ© H
wZbwUB|
1. K_v nK n‡Z n‡e|
2. wbqZ nK n‡Z n‡e|
3. ejvi cš’vI nK n‡Z n‡e|
hw` †Kv_vI nK K_v ejvi cwiYwZ‡Z †Mvj‡hvM †`Lv †`q I Kjn-weev` m„wó nq,
Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e DwjøwLZ wZb k‡Z©i †Kvb GKwU kZ© Abycw¯’Z wQj| nq‡Zv K_v
nK wQj bv, A_ev K_v ‡Zv nK wQj, wKš‘ wbqZ nK wQj bv| A_©vr †Kvb Amr D‡Ï‡k¨
K_vUv ejv n‡qwQj| †hgb ¯^xq eoZ¡ cÖKvk I Ab¨‡K Ac`¯’ Kivi gvb‡m K_vUv
ejv n‡qwQj| Zvn‡j †Zv wbqZ mwVK n‡jv bv| A_ev wbqZ mwVK wQj e‡U; wKš‘
cš’v mwVK wQj bv| hw` nK K_v, nK cš’v, nK wbqZ- G wZ‡bi mgš^q NU‡Zv, Zvn‡j
wek„•Ljv m„wó n‡Zv bv| ZrÿYvr wKsev wej‡¤^ GK mgq cÖfve m„wó KiZB|926
Dcmsnvi
c~‡e©vwjøwLZ bxwZgvjv Abyhvqx hw` mr Kv‡R Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡R wb‡la Kiv nq, Gi
Øviv ïay Bmjvgx åvZ…‡Z¡i cwimi we¯ÍZ … n‡e ZvB bq, eis `xb`vixi cwi‡ekI m„wó
n‡e| gymjgvb‡`i kw³ I cÖfve-cÖwZcwËi wb¸p ZË¡ mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr
Kv‡Ri wb‡l‡ai ZvejxM I Øxb‡K mgybœZ Kivi gv‡S wbwnZ| Gi Øviv B‡ËdvK,
B‡Ënv`, HK¨ I msnwZ m„wó n‡e| gyÔAvgvjv I gyÔAvkvivi †¶‡Î ggZvi eÜb m„wó
924 m~iv †Zvqv-nv: 43-44
925 `vIqvZ I Zvejx‡Mi g~jbxwZ: 58-64, ms‡¶wcZ
926 mvB‡q` Aveyj nvmvb Avjx b`fx ivn. -Gi wgkb: 23, gvKZvevZzj Bnmvb, nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg
424 `imyj wdK&n
n‡e| Z‡e Avgv‡`i G‡¶‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, `vIqvZx KvR n‡Z n‡e ivm~j
Gi mxivZ I mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi Kg©c×wZi Av‡jv‡K| `vIqvZx K‡Ri Rb¨ wb‡R‡K
e¨vcKfv‡e cÖ¯Z‘ Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb wb‡Ri mvwe©K Ae¯’v `x‡bi mdj cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i|
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Avgv‡`i mevB‡K mva¨vbyhvqx mr Kv‡R Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡R wb‡la
Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Kiæb| Avgxb \

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg nvwdhvûgyjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
28 Rygv`vj Djv 1435wn.
 425

†gvevBj: Av`ve I gvmvBj

gvIjvbv b~iæj AvRxg K·evRvix
†gvevBj-‡dvb, weÁv‡bi we¯§qKi GK Avwe®‹vi| gvbe Rxe‡bi cÖwZgyn~‡Z©i m½x Ges
wek¦e¨vcx e¨vcK e¨eüZ †hvMv‡hvM gva¨g| wKš‘ AvR Gi †mev ïay †hvMv‡hv‡Mi
g‡a¨B mxgve× _v‡Kwb| G‡Z hy³ n‡q‡Q Av‡iv eû Av‡qvRb| wewfbœ ai‡bi
DcKv‡ii cvkvcvwk Gi ¶wZi w`K¸‡jvI Kg bq| G¸‡jv e¨w³, cwievi I mgv‡Ri
AeKvVv‡gv‡K MÖvm K‡i wb‡”Q| ZvB G cÖhyw³i mydj †fvM Ki‡Z n‡j GKwU bxwZi
g‡a¨ †_‡K e¨envi Acwinvh©| G e¨vcv‡i Bmjv‡g i‡q‡Q my›`i bxwZgvjv, hv gvbyl‡K
BnKvjxb I ciKvjxb Dfq Rxe‡bi ¶wZ I aŸsm †_‡K i¶v K‡i|
Avjvcbxi Av`emg~n
Kv‡iv mv‡_ †`Lv mv¶vZ Kivi †¶‡Î Bmjvg wKQz wbqg cvjb Kivi cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡
w`‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz †gvevB‡j K_vevZ©vI GK cÖKvi mv¶vZ b¨vq ZvB †gvevB‡j K_v
ejvi mgqI †m Av`e¸‡jvi cÖwZ j¶¨ ivLv Acwinvh©| wb‡gœ avivevwnKfv‡e wKQz
Av`e D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-
1. †gvevBj Kivi c~‡e© wbwðZ nIqv †h, GLb †dvb Ki‡j Kvw•¶Z e¨w³i Kv‡R
e¨vNvZ NU‡e bv| ivZ Mfxi n‡j Kv‡iv Kv‡Q we‡kl cÖ‡qvRb Qvov Kj bv †`qv|
KviY, G mgq gvbyl Ny‡g I wekªv‡g _v‡K| Avi Nyg †f‡½ K_v ejv KóKi| nhiZ
Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avgi ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib, ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb-
.‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ وﻳﺪﻩ إﻟﺦ‬
ÒcÖK…Z gymjgvb H e¨w³ hvi hevb I nvZ †_‡K Ab¨ gymjgvb wbivc` _v‡K|Ó927
2. me©cÖ_g mvjvg w`‡q K_v ïiæ Kiv| nhiZ Rv‡ei ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
928.‫اﻟﻜﻼم‬
‫ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻗﺒﻞ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡i‡Qb, K_vevZ©vi Av‡M mvjvg w`‡e|Ó929
3. wiwmf Kivi ci cÖ_‡g wb‡Ri bvg wVKvbv e‡j cwiPq †`qv| nu¨v, hw` c~e© †_‡K
Rvbv _v‡K †h, Zvi bvg wVKvbv wiwmfKvixi †gvevB‡j †mf Kiv Av‡Q, Zvn‡j cwiPq
†`qv Riæix bq| nhiZ Rv‡ei ivwh. e‡jb-

927 mnxn eyLvix: 1/6, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

‫ وﺛﺎﻧﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻦ‬،‫ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ‬: ‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ وﻟﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺎن أﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬:«‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟﻌﺴﻘﻼﻧﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ »اﻟﺘﻠﺨﻴﺺ اﻟﺤﺒﻴﺮ‬928
.‫ ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎدﻩ ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﻪ‬، «‫اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺪي ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬
929 †gkKvZzj gvmvexn: 2/399
426 `imyj wdK&n
‫ أﻧﺎ أﻧﺎ! ﻓﮑﺄﻧﻪ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ أﻧﺎ‬:‫ ﻣﻦ ذا؟ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‬:‫ ﻓﺪﻗﻘﺖ اﻟﺒﺎب ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫أﺗﻴﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻓﻲ دﻳﻦ ﮐﺎن ﻋﻠﯽ أﺑﻲ‬
.‫ﮐﺮﻫﻬﺎ‬
ÒAvgvi wcZvi FY cwi‡kv‡ai e¨vcv‡i GKevi Avwg ivm~jyjvø n Gi wbKU nvwRi
njvg Ges `iRvq KivNvZ Kijvg| wZwb ej‡jb †K? ejjvg, Avwg| ZLb wZwb
e‡jb, Avwg, Avwg! †hb wZwb Avgvi Giƒc DËi AcQ›` Ki‡jb|Ó930
D³ nv`x‡m cwiPq bv †`qvi Kvi‡Y Avjøvni ivm~j Kó Abyfe K‡i‡Qb| myZivs
¯úó K‡i bvg ejv I cwiPq †`qv DwPZ|
4. Kvw•¶Z e¨w³ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †KD †gvevBj wiwmf Ki‡j Zv‡K AeMZ Kiv †h, Avgvi
Agy‡Ki mv‡_ K_v ejv cÖ‡qvRb|
5. Kv‡iv Kv‡Q wZbevi Kj Kivi ciI †m wiwmf bv Ki‡j PZy_©evi Kj bv †`qv|
†Kbbv n‡Z cv‡i †m †Kvb cÖ‡qvRbxq Kv‡R e¨¯Í, wKsev †m Ggb RvqMvq Av‡Q †hLv‡b
wiwmf Kiv m¤¢e bq| nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`ix ivwh. e‡jb-
،‫ اﺳﺘﺎذﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬،‫ إذ ﺟﺎء أﺑﻮ ﻣﻮﺳﯽ ﮐﺄﻧﻪ ﻣﺬﻋﻮر‬،‫ﮐﻨﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ اﻷﻧﺼﺎر‬
‫ وﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬،‫ ﻓﺮﺟﻌﺖ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺆذن ﻟﻲ‬،‫ اﺳﺘﺎذﻧﺖ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬:‫ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻌﻚ؟ ﻗﻠﺖ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﺮﺟﻌﺖ‬،‫ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺆذن ﻟﻲ‬
...‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺆذن ﻟﻪ ﻓﻠﻴﺮﺟﻊ‬،‫
إذا اﺳﺘﺄذن أﺣﺪﮐﻢ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬
ÒAvwg Avbmvi‡`i GK ˆeV‡K wQjvg, nVvr †mLv‡b Avey g~mv ivwh. Dcw¯’Z n‡jb|
†hb Zv‡K fxZmš¿¯Í g‡b nw”Qj| AZtci wZwb e‡jb, Avwg Igi ivwh. Gi mv‡_
mv¶v‡Zi Rb¨ wZbevi AbygwZ †P‡qwQ wKš‘ Avgv‡K AbygwZ cÖ`vb Kiv nqwb| ZLb
Avwg wd‡i G‡mwQ| Igi ivwh. ej‡jb, †Kb cÖ‡ek Ki‡j bv? Z`yˇi Avwg ejjvg,
wZbevi AbygwZ †P‡qwQ, wKš‘ Avgv‡K AbygwZ †`qv nqwb, ZLb Avwg wd‡i G‡mwQ
(Gi KviY n‡jv) ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgv‡`i †KD hw` Kv‡iv mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi
Rb¨ wZbevi AbygwZ Pvq AZtci AbygwZ bv †`qv nq, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ DwPZ †m †hb
wd‡i hvq|Ó931
GLv‡b g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, wZbevi †Póv Ki‡ZB n‡e Zv bq| eis m‡e©v”P wZbevi †Póv
Ki‡e Gici weiZ _vK‡e| A_©vr cÖ_g ev‡iB hw` †evSv hvq †h, e¨¯Í Av‡Q GLb
wiwmf Ki‡e bv, Zvn‡j wØZxqevi †Póv bv KivB DËg AvLjv‡Ki cwiPq n‡e|
6. †gvevB‡j †Kvb wg_¨v K_v bv ejv| wg_¨v cwiPq †`qv ev wb‡Ri Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K©
†KD Rvb‡Z PvB‡j Ab¨ ¯’v‡bi bvg ejv| †gvUK_v GRvZxq †h †Kvb wg_¨vi Avkªq
bv †bqv| †Kbbv, wg_¨v ejv Kexiv ¸bvn I gybvwd‡Ki Avjvg‡Zi g‡a¨ GKwU| ZvB

930 mnxn eyLvix: 2/923 gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

931 mnxn eyLvix: 2/923, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
 †gvevBj: Av`ve I gvmvBj 427
Zv cwinvi Kiv Avek¨K| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. e‡jb-
.‫ آﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﻖ ﺛﻠﺚ إذا ﺣﺪث ﮐﺬب وإذا وﻋﺪ أﺧﻠﻒ وإذا اؤﺗﻤﻦ ﺧﺎن‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib, gybvwd‡Ki wb`k©b wZbwU| hLb †m K_v e‡j wg_¨v
e‡j| hLb cÖwZÁv K‡i Zv f½ K‡i Ges AvgvbZ ivL‡j †LqvbZ K‡i|Ó932
7. D‡Ïk¨nxbfv‡e Kj bv †`qv| †Kbbv Zv AcP‡qi g‡a¨ MY¨ n‡e| Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv
Bikv` K‡ib-

Õ


Ô
Ó
Ò
Ñ
ÐÏ
Î
Í
Ì
Ë

Òwbðq Ace¨qKvixiv kqZv‡bi fvB| kqZvb ¯^xq cvjbKZ©vi cÖwZ AwZkq
AK…ZÁ|Ó933
gmwR‡` †gvevB‡ji e¨envi
1. wis‡Uvb †Lvjv †i‡L gmwR‡` cÖ‡ek Kiv gmwR‡`i Av`e ewnf~©Z KvR| †Kbbv,
nVvr †gvevB‡j wis‡Uvb †e‡R DV‡j gmwR‡`i †fZi †kvi‡Mvj nIqvi Avk¼v _v‡K,
hv gmwR‡`i Av`e cwicš’x nIqvq wb‡la|
.‫واﻟﺴﺎدس أن ﻻ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﺼﻮت ﻣﻦ ﻏﻴﺮ ذﮐﺮ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽ‬
ÒgmwR‡` Avjøvni whwKi e¨ZxZ †Kvb ai‡bi AvIqvR Z_v `ywbqvex K_v bv ejv|Ó934
Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Bikv` K‡ib-

 JIHGFEDCBA
ÒgywgbMY mdjKvg n‡q †M‡Q, hviv wb‡R‡`i bvgv‡h webqx I bgª _v‡K|Ó935
2. bvgvh PjvKv‡j wis‡Uvb evR‡j nv‡Zi gva¨‡g GK Pv‡c eÜ Kiv| hw` GKevi eÜ
Kivi ci wØZxqevi †e‡R D‡V, Zvn‡j ÔAvg‡j KjxjÕ Gi gva¨‡g eÜ Kiv hv‡e|
Z‡e kZ© n‡jv, Avg‡j KvQxi †hb bv nq| hw` ÔAvg‡j KvQxiÕ nq, Zvn‡j bvgvh
dv‡m` n‡q hv‡e|
‫ وﻫﻮ‬،‫ وﻫﻮ ﮐﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻚ اﻟﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻳﺦ‬،‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﮑﺜﻴﺮ‬
.‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺎر‬

932 mnxn eyLvix: 1/10, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

933 m~iv ebx BmivCj: 27
934 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/321, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
935 m~iv gyÕwgbyb: 1-2
428 `imyj wdK&n
ÒAvg‡j KvQxi Ggb KvR‡K e‡j, hv †`‡L `k©K g‡b K‡i †h, †m bvgv‡h †bB|Ó936
wKš‘ j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e, †gvevBj eÜ Kivi D³ KvRwU †hb wZbevi ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎن رﺑﻲ اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬
covi mgcwigvY mg‡qi wfZ‡i jvMvZvi wZbevi bv nq| †Kbbv, Gfv‡e hw` jvMvZvi
GZ Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨ wZbevi †gvevBj eÜ Kiv nq, Z‡e GUvI GK eY©bvbyhvqx
ÔAvg‡j KvQxiÕ Gi g‡a¨ MY¨ n‡e Ges Gi Øviv bvgvh †f‡½ hv‡e| Avi c‡KU †_‡K
†ei K‡i †gvevBj †`‡L eÜ Ki‡j ZvI ÔAvg‡j KvQxiÕ Gi AšÍf©y³ n‡e Ges bvgvh
bó n‡q hv‡e|
،‫ أو ﺣﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﺪﻩ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻴﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ روح ﻋﻠﯽ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺑﻤﺮوﺣﺔ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬:‫وﻗﻴﻞ‬
.‫ﺗﻔﺴﺪان ﻋﻠﯽ اﻟﻮﻻء‬
Ò†KD †KD e‡j‡Qb, Avg‡j KvQxi ejv nq Ggb KvR‡K hv jvMvZvi wZbevi Kiv
nq| †hgb, †KD wZbevi jvMvZvi cvLv Øviv wb‡R‡K evZvm Ki‡jv wKsev kix‡ii
†Kvb GK ¯’v‡b wZbevi jvMvZvi PzjKv‡jv, Zvn‡j Zvi bvgvh †f‡½ hv‡e|Ó937
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ اﻟﺤﺮﮐﺎت اﻟﺜﻼث اﻟﻤﺘﻮاﻟﻴﺔ ﮐﺜﻴﺮ وإﻻ ﻓﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬:‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
Òbvgv‡h GKvav‡i wZbevi nvZ e¨envi Ki‡j Avg‡j KvQx‡ii g‡a¨ MY¨ n‡q bvgvh
bó n‡q hv‡e| Z‡e hw` jvMvZvi wZbevi bv nq Zvn‡j Avg‡j Kjxj wn‡m‡e MY¨
n‡e, bvgvh f½ n‡e bv|Ó938
3. bvgv‡h wis‡Uvb evR‡j ÔAvg‡j KjxjÕ Gi gva¨‡g Zv eÜ Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j, bvgvh
†f‡½ wis‡Uvb eÜ Kiv Rv‡qh| †Kbbv, bvgv‡h Lyï-Lyhyi ¸iæZ¡ A‡bK| Lyï-Lyhy ¶zYœ
nq Ggb cwiw¯’wZi m¤§yLxb n‡j bvgvh †Q‡o †`qvi AbygwZ Av‡Q| †hgb cÖmªve-
cvqLvbvi †eM _vKvi Kvi‡Y Lyï-Lyhyi mgm¨v n‡j bvgvh †Q‡o †`qvi AbygwZ Av‡Q,
eis †KD †KD DËgI e‡j‡Qb|939
4. hw` bvgvh Ae¯’vq †Kvb gymwjøi wis‡Uvb †e‡R D‡V, Zvn‡j Aci e¨w³i Rb¨
bvgvhx e¨w³i wis‡Uvb eÜ Kiv ˆea | GwU A‡b¨i gvwjKvbvaxb e¯‘i Dci n¯Í‡¶c
Kivi AšÍf©y³ bq| eis Zv n‡e D³ e¨w³i cÖwZ mnvbyf~wZ cÖ`k©b Ges Zv‡K mvnvh¨
Kivi bvgvšÍi| †Kbbv wis‡Uvb evRvi Kvi‡Y mKj gymjøxi bvgv‡hi GKvMÖZv bó
nq|940

936 AvÏyiiæj gybZvKv (gvRgvDj Avbûi Gi m‡½i bymLv): 1/182, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
937 gvRgvDj Avbûi: 1/182, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
938 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 2/385, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
939 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 1/654, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
940 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 9/478 gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 †gvevBj: Av`ve I gvmvBj 429
5. KziAv‡bi AvqvZ, nv`xm I Avhvb G¸‡jv †gvevB‡ji wis‡Uvb wn‡m‡e †mU Kiv
Rv‡qh †bB| KviY wis‡Uv‡bi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv, †Kvb e¨w³ Aci e¨w³i mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z
AvMÖnx nIqvi wel‡q AeMZ Kiv| GUv `iRvi Dci nv‡Zi Øviv LULU AvIqvR Kivi
gZ| GB AeMwZg~jK D‡Ïk¨ nvwmj Kivi Rb¨ KziAvb cv‡Ki AvqvZ A_ev Avhv‡bi
aŸwb e¨envi Kiv Am½wZc~Y©| GKw`‡K G‡Z AvqvZ, Avhvb BZ¨vw`i b¨vq cyZtcweÎ
kãmg~‡ni Ace¨envi nq| Ab¨w`‡K †Kvb †Kvb mgq GgbI nq †h, Uq‡j‡U _vKv
Ae¯’vq Kj Av‡m Avi KziAv‡bi AvqvZ †e‡R D‡V hv KziAv‡bi gvivZ¥K Am¤§vb|
dKxnMY `ywbqvex D‡Ï‡k¨ Avjøvni whwKi RvZxq kã e¨envi bvRv‡qh e‡j‡Qb| ZvB
Ggb Kg©KvÛ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv Acwinvh©| †gvevB‡j me©`v ¯^vfvweK I mvaviY wis‡Uvb
†mU Kiv DwPZ| Bgvg KvhxLvb ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻳﻜﻮن آﺛﻤﺎ‬:‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬،‫ ﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬:‫اﻟﻔﻘﺎﻋﻲ إذا ﻗﺎل ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻔﻘﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺘﺮي‬
.‫ ﻻ إﻟﻪ إﻻ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻷﺟﻞ اﻹﻋﻼم ﺑﺄﻧﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻴﻘﻆ‬:‫وﻛﺬا اﻟﺤﺎرس إذا ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺮاﺳﺔ‬
‫ اﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬:‫ أو ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﺳﺒﺤﺎن اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻤﺘﺎع‬،‫رﺟﻞ ﺟﺎء إﻟﻰ اﻟﺒﺰاز ﻟﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﻣﻨﻪ ﺛﻮﺑﺎ‬
‫ اﻫـ‬.‫إن أراد ﺑﺬﻟﻚ إﻋﻼم اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮي ﺟﻮدة ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ وﻣﺘﺎﻋﻪ ﻛﺮﻩ‬
Ò†`vKvb`vi hw` †`vKvb †Lvjvi mgq †µZv‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ e‡j, Ômwjø Avjv
gynv¤§`Õ| GB m¤ú‡K© dzKvnv‡q †Kivg e‡jb †h, †m ¸bvnMvi n‡e|
Ggwbfv‡e †Kvb cÖnix cvnviv Ae¯’vq RvMÖZ eySv‡bvi Rb¨ Ôjv Bjvnv BjøvjøvnÕ e‡j,
Zvn‡j †mI ¸bvnMvi n‡e|
†Kvb e¨w³ Kvco e¨emvqxi Kv‡Q Kvco µq Kivi Rb¨ Avm‡j we‡µZv Kvc‡oi
MuvBU †Lvjvi mgq ejj, ÔmyenvbvjøvnÕ A_ev ÔAvjøvû¤§v mwjø Avjv gynv¤§`Õ G¸‡jv
e‡j hw` Zvi D‡Ïk¨ nq Kvco DbœZgv‡bi G K_v cÖKvk Kiv, Zvn‡j †m ¸bvnMvi
n‡e|Ó941
.‫ ﮐﺬا ﻓﻲ ﻓﺘﺎوی ﻗﺎﺿﻴﺨﺎن‬،‫ وﻻ ﻳﻘﺮأ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻴﺖ اﻟﺨﻼء‬،‫ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬،‫ﻳﻜﺮﻩ أن ﻳﻘﺮأ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻤﺎم‬
‫ وﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻟﻠﻐﻮ ﮐﺬا‬،‫ وﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن أن ﻻ ﻳﻘﺮأ ﻓﻲ اﻷﺳﻮاق‬.‫ﻻ ﻳﻘﺮأ ﺟﻬﺮا ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﻐﻠﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬
.‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
Ò†MvmjLvbv Ges Uq‡j‡U KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Kiv gvKiƒn| KviY, GUv bvcvwKi
RvqMv| Kv‡R e¨¯Í gvby‡li wbKU †Rv‡i KziAvb cov hv‡e bv| KziAv‡bi Av‡iKwU
m¤§vb n‡jv, Zv evRvi Nv‡U bv cov| Abyiƒcfv‡e Ab_©K K_vevZ©v nq Ggb RvqMvq

941 Avj Avkevn Iqvb bvhv‡qi: 1/104, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgqv KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
430 `imyj wdK&n
KziAv‡bi gh©v`v i¶v‡_© KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Kiv gvKiƒn|Ó942
Ggwbfv‡e KziAv‡bi †Kvb AvqvZ‡K I‡qjKvg wUD‡b e¨envi KivI wb‡la|
7. †h †gvevB‡ji ¯Œx‡Y †Kvb cÖvYxi Qwe `„k¨gvb, Ggb †gvevBj mvg‡b †i‡L bvgvh
cov gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx, hw`I bvgvh n‡q hv‡e| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn.
e‡jb-
‫ أو ﻣﺤﻞ‬،‫ أو ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ أو ﺑﺤﺬاﺋﻪ ﻳﻤﻨﺔ أوﻳﺴﺮة‬،‫ وأن ﻳﮑﻮن ﻓﻮق رأﺳﻪ‬،‫وﻟﺒﺲ ﺛﻮب ﻓﻴﻪ ﺛﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ذي روح‬
.‫ وﻟﻮ ﻓﻲ وﺳﺎدة ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﻻ ﻣﻔﺮوﺷﺔ‬،‫ﺳﺠﻮدﻩ ﺗﻤﺜﺎل‬
ÒGgb Kvco cwiavb Kiv hv‡Z †Kvb cÖvYxi Qwe _v‡K ev †Kvb cÖvYxi Qwe gv_vi
Dci, mvg‡bi w`‡K Wv‡b ev ev‡g wKsev †mR`vi ¯’v‡b Ggwbfv‡e †Kvb Lvov evwj‡k
hw` _v‡K, weQv‡bv evwj‡k bq|Ó943
Z‡e c‡K‡U ev †Kvb Kvco Øviv XvKv _vK‡j gvKiƒn n‡e bv|
I‡qjKvg wUD‡b Mv‡bi e¨envi
gvmAvjv: †gvevB‡j Ggb †cªvMÖvg †mU Kiv hvi d‡j ms‡hvM ¯’vcbKvix wis‡Uv‡bi
¯^vfvweK AvIqv‡Ri ¯’‡j Mvb ïb‡Z cvq, Zv m¤ú~Y© bvRv‡qh| GUv ïay ¸bvn bq eis
¸bv‡ni cÖPvi cÖmvi Ges Gi cÖwZ gvbyl‡K AvK…ó KivI e‡U| Ggb †Kvb e¨w³i m‡½
wbZvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡b Kj Ki‡j, KjKvix e¨w³ Awb”QvK…Z Ges AcviMZvekZ Mv‡bi
AvIqvR †kvbvi Kvi‡Y †MvbvnMvi n‡e bv| Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j ivn. eY©bv
K‡ib-
،‫ وﻫﺪی ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬،‫ إن اﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﺑﻌﺜﻨﯽ رﺣﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬:
‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬:‫ﻋﻦ أﺑﻲ أﻣﺎﻣﺔ  ﻗﺎل‬
944
.‫وأﻣﺮﻧﻲ رﺑﻲ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﺑﻤﺤﻖ اﻟﻤﻌﺎزف واﻟﻤﺰاﻣﻴﺮ واﻷوﺛﺎن واﻟﺼﻠﻴﺐ وأﻣﺮ اﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ‬
ÒnhiZ Avey Dgvgv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib, ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvjøvn ZvÕAvjv
Avgv‡K mgMÖ wek¦evmxi Rb¨ ingZ I wn`vqvZ ¯^iƒc †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Avi Avgvi ie
Avgv‡K Mvb I ev`¨hš¿ webvk mva‡bi Ges g~wZ©cÖ_v, µkcÖ_v I Rv‡njx hy‡Mi
ixwZbxwZ wbg©~j Kivi ûKzg K‡i‡Qb|Ó945
Ab¨ nv`x‡m Mvb-evRbvi e¨vcv‡i ejv n‡q‡Q-
946.‫اﻟﻐﻨﺎء ﻳﻨﺒﺖ اﻟﻨﻔﺎق ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻠﺐ‬

942 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/316, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

943 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/416, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
‫ أﻣﺎ ﻟﻔﻆ »إﻧﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺜﻨﻲ‬:‫ ﻗﻠﺖ‬.‫ اﻧﺘﻬﻰ‬.‫ وﻫﻮ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬،‫ رواﻩ ﻛﻠﻪ أﺣﻤﺪ واﻟﻄﺒﺮاﻧﻲ وﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬:‫( وﻗﺎل‬٨۱٧٩) «‫ أوردﻩ اﻟﻬﻴﺜﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬944
.‫( ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬٤٦٦۰) ‫رﺣﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ« ﻓﻘﺪ ورد ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ داود‬
945 gymbv‡` Avng`: 5/257

.‫ رواﻩ أﺑﻮ داود ﻓﻲ »ﺳﻨﻨﻪ« )ﺑﺎب ﻛﺮاﻫﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻨﺎ واﻟﺰﻣﺮ( وﺳﻜﺖ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬946
 †gvevBj: Av`ve I gvmvBj 431
ÒMvb evRbv AšÍ‡i †bdvK (gybv‡dKx) m„wó K‡i|Ó947
I‡qjKvg wUD‡bi gZ wis‡Uvb wn‡m‡e Mv‡bi e¨enviI ¸bvn|
AcwiwPZ gwnjvi mv‡_ K_v ejv
MvB‡i gvnivg gwnjvi mv‡_ mivmwi ev †gvevB‡j GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb Qvov K_v ejv
wb‡la| nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
إن اﻟﻠﻪ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺑﻦ آدم ﺣﻈﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻧﺎ أدرك ذﻟﻚ ﻻ ﻣﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﺰﻧﺎ اﻟﻌﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ وزﻧﺎ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن‬
.‫اﻟﻨﻄﻖ واﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺗﻤﻨﻰ وﺗﺸﺘﻬﻲ واﻟﻔﺮج ﻳﺼﺪق ذﻟﻚ ﻛﻠﻪ وﻳﻜﺬﺑﻪ‬
Òivm~j e‡j‡Qb, wbðq Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv Av`g mšÍv‡bi Dci whbvi GKUv Ask
wj‡L w`‡q‡Qb, †m Zvi gy‡LvgywL n‡eB| myZivs †Pv‡Li whbv n‡jv A‰ea `„wócvZ,
gy‡Li whbv n‡jv A‰ea K_v ejv| Avi `„wócvZ I K_v ejvi c‡iB AšÍ‡i Kvgbv
evmbv m„wó nq| Gici j¾v¯’vb nq‡Zv †mUv‡K ev¯Íevqb K‡i mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ K‡i
A_ev weiZ †_‡K fzj cÖgvwYZ K‡i|Ó948
Avjøvgv Avng` Avjx mvnvivbcyix G nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
.‫وﻛﺬﻟﻚ زﻧﺎ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن اﻟﻨﻄﻖ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﺘﺬ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺎدﺛﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺤﻞ ﻟﻪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻨﻪ‬
ÒZ`ªƒcfv‡e GKRb AciR‡bi mv‡_ Ggb K_v ejvI gy‡Li whbvi AšÍf©y³, †h K_v
e‡j Zviv Avb›` cvq, A_P Zv Zv‡`i Rb¨ ˆea bq|Ó949
cÖ‡qvRb Qvov MvB‡i gvnivg gwnjvi mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z kixÔAvZ K‡Vvi fvlvq wb‡la
K‡i‡Q| gwnjv‡`i‡KI wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Q Zviv †hb MvB‡i gvnivg cyiæ‡li mv‡_ big
AvIqv‡R K_v bv e‡j Ges Ggbfv‡e K_v bv e‡j hv‡Z †Kvb cicyiæl Amr AvPi‡Yi
my‡hvM †c‡q e‡m|
K¨v‡givhy³ †gvevBj µq-weµq
K¨v‡givhy³ †gvevBj m¤ú‡K© kixÔAv‡Zi wm×všÍ n‡jv Zv µq-weµq Kiv Rv‡qh
Av‡Q, †h‡nZz Zv Øviv ïay cÖvYxi Qwe †Zvjv nq bv eis wb®úÖvY Roe¯‘i QweI †Zvjv
nq| Z‡e Zvi Ace¨envi bvRv‡qh A_©vr †gvevBj Øviv cÖvYxi cÖwZK…wZ †Zvjv
bvRv‡qh| nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ أﺣﻴﻮا ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺘﻢ‬:‫ ﻳﻘﺎل ﻟﻬﻢ‬،‫ إن اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺼﻨﻌﻮن ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﻮر ﻳﻌﺬﺑﻮن ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjvn e‡j‡Qb, hviv †Kvb cÖvYxi Qwe ˆZwi K‡i ciKv‡j Zv‡`i‡K Avhve

947 mybv‡b Avey `vD`: nv`xm bs 4929

948 mnxn eyLvix: 2/922-923, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
949 wUKv bs-1; mnxn eyLvix: 2/923, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
432 `imyj wdK&n
†`qv n‡e| Zv‡`i‡K ejv n‡e, †Zvgiv (`ywbqv‡Z) †hme AvK…wZ evwb‡qQ H m‡ei
g‡a¨ cÖvY`vb Ki|Ó950
nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmD` ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z-
.‫ إن ﻣﻦ أﺷﺪ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﺬاﺑﺎ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻮرون‬:‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻳﻘﻮل‬
ÒAvwg ivm~jyjvn †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, wbðq †Kqvg‡Zi w`b Qwe ˆZwiKvix‡`i‡K
me‡P‡q KwVb kvw¯Í †`qv n‡e|Ó951
Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﻻ ﺗﻤﺜﺎل إﻧﺴﺎن أو ﻃﻴﺮ ﻟﺤﺮﻣﺔ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ذي اﻟﺮوح ﻟﻮ ﮐﺎن ﻋﻠﯽ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ ﻓﻀﺔ ﺛﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ﻻ ﻳﮑﺮﻩ‬
Ò†h‡nZz cÖvYxi Qwe †Zvjv nvivg| ZvB gvbyl Ges cvwLi Qwe †Zvjv Rv‡qh †bB|
Avi hw` AvswUi g‡a¨ nq ZLb gvKiƒn n‡e bv|Ó952
Gqvi‡cvU© BZ¨vw` ¯’v‡b †gvevBj PvR© cÖm½
Gqvi‡cvU©, †ij‡÷kb A_ev evm÷¨v‡Ûi we`y¨r Øviv †gvevBj PvR© †`qv‡Z †Kvb †`vl
†bB| †h †KD †mLv‡bi we`y¨r Øviv DcK…Z n‡Z cvi‡e| KviY, KZ…©c¶ Zv mevi
Rb¨B Db¥y³ K‡i w`‡q _v‡K| Z‡e G‡¶‡Î hw` KZ…©c‡¶i wb‡lavÁv _v‡K, Zvn‡j
†gvevBj PvR© †`qv ˆea n‡e bv| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﻻ إﺣﺮاز‬،‫ ﻷن اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺮاز‬،‫ ﮐﺪﺟﻠﺔ واﻟﻔﺮات وﻧﺤﻮﻫﻤﺎ‬،‫وﻟﮑﻞ ﺳﻘﻲ أرﺿﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺤﺮ أو ﻧﻬﺮ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬
ÒmvMi Ges eo b`x †_‡K wbR Rwg‡b cvwb wmÂb Kiv mevi Rb¨ ˆea n‡e| †hgb
`Rjv, dzivZ Ges Gai‡bi b`x| †Kbbv e¨w³ gvwjKvbv cÖwZwôZ nq msi¶‡Yi
gva¨‡g| Avi GLv‡b Kv‡iv †Kvb cÖKvi msi¶Y cvIqv hvq bv|Ó953
A_©vr me©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ D¤§y³ m¤ú` ev e¨e¯’vcbv †_‡K †h †KD DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i|
Z‡e wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e †h, KZ…©cÿ me©mvavi‡Yi Rb¨ AbygwZ w`‡q‡Q wK bv| AbygwZ
_vK‡j e¨envi Kiv hv‡e, Ab¨_vq e¨envi Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e|
gnjøvevmx I gymvwdiM‡Yi gmwR‡`i we`y¨r Øviv †gvevBj PvR© †`qv Rv‡qh n‡e bv|
dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
.‫وﻻ ﻳﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺑﺴﺮاج اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ إﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ وﻳﺤﻤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﺘﻪ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺠﺪ ﻛﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ‬
ÒgmwR‡`i evwZ N‡i wb‡q hvIqv Rv‡qh n‡e bv| Z‡e N‡ii evwZ gmwR‡` wb‡Z
950 mnxn eyLvix: wKZveyj wjevm, (‫ ;)ﺑﺎب ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻤﺼﻮرﻳﻦ‬mnxn gymwjg : 2/201
951 cÖv¸³
952 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 9/519, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
953 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 10/13, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 †gvevBj: Av`ve I gvmvBj 433
cvi‡e|Ó954
†hfv‡e gmwR‡`i evwZ ev jvBU‡K e¨w³MZ Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv wb‡la †Zgwb gmwR‡`i
Ab¨ †Kvb m¤ú` †hgb we`y¨r, d¨vb BZ¨vw`I wbQK e¨w³MZ Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv
wb‡la| myZivs gmwR‡`i we`y¨r Øviv †gvevBj BZ¨vw`i PvR© †`qv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z
n‡e| nu¨v, hw` †KD gmwR‡` GÔ‡ZKvd K‡i, Zvn‡j cÖ‡qvRb Abycv‡Z e¨envi Kivi
AeKvk i‡q‡Q|
G‡ZKvd Ae¯’vq gmwR‡` †gvevB‡j K_v ejv
G‡ZKvd Ae¯’vq gmwR‡` †gvevB‡j `ywbqvex K_v ejv Rv‡qh †bB| nu¨v, cÖ‡qvRbxq
K_v n‡j cÖ‡qvRb Abycv‡Z ejvi AeKvk i‡q‡Q| Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn.
e‡jb-
.‫ وﺗﻜﻠﻢ إﻻ ﺑﺨﻴﺮ وﻣﺎ ﻻ إﺛﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ وﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻤﺒﺎح ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻻ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﺪﻣﻬﺎ‬... (‫وﻛﺮﻩ )ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻤﺎ‬
ÒAvi G‡ZKvd Ae¯’vq K_v ejv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx| Z‡e †Kvb Kj¨vYKi K_v ejv‡Z
†Kvb Amyweav †bB| A_©vr †h K_vq ¸bvn †bB Zv ejv hv‡e| Avi cÖ‡qvR‡bi mgq
gyevn K_v ejvi ûKzgI GUvB| Z‡e cÖ‡qvRb bv n‡j Rv‡qh n‡e bv|Ó955
†gvevB‡j msiw¶Z KziAvb kixd Ahy Qvov ¯úk© Kiv
†gvevB‡j g~jZ †jLv wWm‡cø‡Z cÖKvwkZ nq| wWm‡cøi Dci Av‡iv GKwU Møvm (w¯‹b)
emv‡bv _v‡K| wWm‡cø I w¯‹b GK bq| ZvB w¯‹b wfbœ Møvm nIqvq Ahy Qvov nvZ ivLvi
AeKvk i‡q‡Q| Z‡e KziAv‡bi Av`v‡ei `vwe n‡jv, Gfv‡e nvZ bv ivLv| Avjøvgv
Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺪث اﻟﺬي ﻳﻘﺮأ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﻒ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺐ اﻷوراق ﺑﻘﻠﻢ أو ﻋﻮد أو ﺳﻜﻴﻦ‬
ÒAhywenxb e¨w³i Rb¨ Kjg, KvV wKsev Qzwii gva¨‡g c„ôv Dwë‡q KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ
Kiv ˆea|Ó956
†gvevB‡j wmR`vi AvqvZ †kvbv
Dmgvb Avjxi mv‡_ †gvevB‡ji gva¨‡g K_v ej‡Q Ggb mgq Avjxi cv‡k GK e¨w³
wmR`vi AvqvZ †ZjvIqvZ Kij, hv †gvevB‡ji gva¨‡g Dmgvb ï‡b †djj| G
Ae¯’vq Dmgv‡bi Dci †ZjvIqv‡Z †mR`v IqvwRe n‡e| Avi hw` †gvevB‡j †iKW©
Kiv AvqvZ †kv‡b Zvn‡j †mR`v IqvwRe n‡e bv| Avjøvgv Beivnxg nvjvex ivn.
e‡jb-

954 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 1/115, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

955 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 3/441-442, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
956 Avj evniæi iv‡qK: 1/201-202, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
434 `imyj wdK&n
.‫وﻟﻮ ﺳﻤﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮ أو اﻟﺼﺪى ﻻ ﺗﺠﺐ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﻛﺎة وﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻘﺮاءة‬
Òhw` †Kvb e¨w³ cvwL wKsev cÖwZaŸwb †_‡K Avqv‡Z †mR`v †kv‡b, Zvn‡j Zvi Dci
†mR`v‡q †ZjvIqvZ IqvwRe n‡e bv| †Kbbv, GwU GKwU bKj AvIqvR, cÖKZ …
†ZjvIqvZ bq|Ó 957

AbygwZ Qvov Kv‡iv K_v †iKW© Kiv

mvaviYfv‡e †gvevB‡j Kv‡iv K_v Zvi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †iKW© Kiv Rv‡qh †bB| †Kbbv
bex Kvixg e‡j‡Qb, gRwj‡m †h K_v ejv nq Zv AvgvbZ| AbygwZ Qvov †iKW©
Kivi Øviv Avgvb‡Zi †LqvbZ n‡Z cv‡i| KviY G‡ÿ‡Î Gme K_v A‡b¨i Kv‡Q
†cuŠ‡Q hvIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| Z‡e IqvR bmxnZ BZ¨vw` AbygwZ Qvov †iKW© Ki‡Z
†Kvb Amyweav †bB| †Kbbv G¸‡jvi g~j D‡Ïk¨B _v‡K e¨vcK cÖPvi-cÖmvi| myZivs
GB gvmAvjvwU Avgv‡`i ewY©Z gvmAvjvi AvIZvaxb bq| nhiZ Rv‡ei Be‡b
Avãyjøvn ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
‫ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ إذا‬:‫ وﻗﺎل ﻣﺤﺸﻴﻪ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺖ‬،‫ إذا ﺣﺪث اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺖ ﻓﻬﻲ أﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬:‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ وﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز إﺿﺎﻋﺘﻬﺎ واﻟﺨﻴﺎﻧﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﺈﻓﺸﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﺻﺎر ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻪ أﻣﺎﻧﺔ ﻋﻨﺪك‬،‫ﺣﺪث أﺣﺪ ﻋﻨﺪك ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﺛﻢ ﻏﺎب‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, ÔhLb †Kvb e¨w³ Wv‡b ev‡g ZvwK‡q †Mvc‡b K_v e‡j ZLb
Zv AvgvbZ n‡q hvq| UxKvKvi (G nv`x‡mi e¨vLvq) e‡jb, hLb †KD †Zvgvi wbKU
†Kvb GKwU K_v e‡j AZtci †m `~‡i P‡j hvq, ZLb H K_vwU †Zvgvi wbKU AvgvbZ
wn‡m‡e _vK‡e| Zv A‡b¨i wbKU ejvi gva¨‡g †LqvbZ Kiv ˆea n‡e bv|Ó958
wiPvR© fyj n‡j
hvi UvKv fy‡j A‡b¨i †gvevB‡j P‡j †M‡Q †m UvKv †diZ PvB‡Z cvi‡e| G
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z UvKv D×vi Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j hvi fyj n‡q‡Q ¶wZc~iY Zvi Dci eZ©v‡e|
Avi wb‡Ri †gvevB‡j fyjekZ P‡j G‡j g~j gvwjK‡K wd‡i †`qvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e|
Z‡e hw` mva¨gZ †Póv K‡iI gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv m¤¢e bv nq, Zvn‡j †m cwigvY
A_© m`Kv K‡i w`‡e|959
¯Œ¨vP Kv‡W©i µq-weµq
wba©vwiZ g~‡j¨i †P‡q Kg-‡ewk‡Z ¯Œ¨vP KvW© µq-weµq Kiv ev †ewk UvKv w`‡q Kg
UvKv wiPvR© Kiv Rv‡qh| †hgb 100 UvKvi KvW© 98 UvKv wKsev 102 UvKvq µq-
weµq Kiv ev 10 UvKv †jv‡Wi Rb¨ 11 UvKv †`qv‡Z †Kvb Amyweav †bB| †Kbbv, KvW©

957 ¸bqvZzj gyZvgvjøx: 500, mynvBj GKv‡Wgx, jv‡nvi, cvwK¯Ívb; AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 2/583, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv,
†`Ie›`
958 Rv‡g wZighx: 2/17, nv`xm bs 2086, Bgvg wZiwghx ivn. nv`xmwU‡K nvmvb e‡j‡Qb|
959 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q: 5/298, hvKvwiqv
 †gvevBj: Av`ve I gvmvBj 435
ev wiPv‡R©i gva¨‡g Avgiv †Uwj‡hvMv‡hvM myweav cvB, hv GKwU †mev| Avi AsK hv
†`Lv‡bv nq Zv ïay wnmve i¶v‡_©| †h‡nZz UvKvi wewbg‡q †mev †Kbv‡ePv n‡”Q, myZivs
Zv‡Z Kg‡ewk Rv‡qh n‡e, my` n‡e bv|960
†gvevBj µq-weµq I WvDb‡jvwWs
†gvevBj µq-weµq I †givgZ Kiv Rv‡qh| Abyiƒc Zvi g‡a¨ Ggb †cÖvMÖvg †mU Kiv,
hvi Øviv DcK…Z nIqv hvq Ges hvi g‡a¨ kixÔAvZ cwicš’x wKQy _v‡K bv, Zv Rv‡qh|
wKš‘ Mvb, Akøxj Qwe WvDb‡jvW Kiv †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB Rv‡qh †bB| Ggwbfv‡e
bvRv‡qh †cÖvMÖvg WvDb‡jvW K‡i wewbgq †bqv Rv‡qh ‡bB|
.‫ ﻷﺟﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻐﻨﺎ واﻟﻨﻮح واﻟﻤﻼﻫﻲ‬...‫ﻻ ﺗﺼﺢ اﻹﺟﺎرة‬
Ò†Kvb ¸bv‡ni Kv‡Ri Rb¨ fvov †bqv ev †`qv ˆea bq| †hgb Mvb MvIqv, wejvc
Kiv, we‡bv`‡bi ev`¨hš¿ BZ¨vw`|Ó961
‫ واﻟﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﻻ‬،‫ ﻷﻧﻪ اﺳﺘﻴﺠﺎر ﻋﻠﯽ اﻟﻤﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬،‫ وﮐﺬا ﺳﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﻤﻼﻫﻲ‬،‫وﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز اﻻﺳﺘﻴﺠﺎر ﻋﻠﯽ اﻟﻐﻨﺎ واﻟﻨﻮح‬
.‫ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﺪ‬
ÒMvb, wejvc Abyiƒcfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ we‡bv`‡bi ev`¨hš¿ BZ¨vw`i fvov †bqv Rv‡qh n‡e
bv| †Kbbv, GUv n‡jv ¸bv‡ni Rb¨ fvov †bqv Avi ¸bvn †jb‡`‡bi Dchy³ bq|Ó962

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.
nvUnvRvix

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
11 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

960 dvZûj Kv`xi: 6/159; ZvKwgjvZz dvZwnj gyjwng: 1/400

961 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 9/75, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
962 †n`vqv: 3/303, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
436

Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui weavb

gvIjvbv wknveyÏxb Kzwóqv
Jla gvby‡li Ab¨Zg cÖ‡qvRbxq e¯‘| Avi eZ©gv‡b †m›U gvby‡li eûj e¨eüZ GKwU
mvgMÖx| wKQz Jla I †m‡›U Gj‡Kvnj e¨envi Kiv nq| Gj‡Kvnj GKwU †bkv
m„wóKvix Zij c`v_©| †bkv m„wóKvix Zij e¯‘ mvaviYZ nvivg I bvcvK n‡q _v‡K|
ZvB Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui e¨vcv‡i GB cÖkœ Rv‡M †h, Zv wK nvivg I
bvcvK n‡e? e¶¨gvY cÖe‡Ü Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui kiÔqx weavb Av‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡e| cÖ_‡g Gj‡Kvn‡ji cwiPq, cÖKvi‡f` I ˆewkó¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z g~j wel‡qi ûKzg eyS‡Z myweav nq|
Gj‡Kvn‡ji cwiPq I cÖKvi‡f`
Gj‡Kvnj n‡jv iOnxb Ggb Zij c`v_© hv ev®ú n‡q D‡o hvq| Avi Zv MwVZ nq
wZb cÖKv‡ii M¨vm Z_v Kve©b, nvB‡Wªv‡Rb I Aw·‡R‡bi mgš^‡q|963
Gj‡Kvn‡ji eû cÖKvi Av‡Q| Z‡e me‡P‡q †ewk e¨eüZ nq `yB cÖKvi: wg_vBj I
B_vBj|
1. wg_vBj Gj‡Kvnj Ab¨vb¨ cÖKv‡ii Zzjbvq welv³ I †bkv m„wóKvix| hw` GB
Gj‡Kvnj cvb Kiv nq, Zvn‡j Gi Øviv AÜZ¡ m„wó n‡Z cv‡i, GgbwK g„Zz¨I n‡Z
cv‡i| †cB›U I Kv‡Vi cwjk‡K Mjv‡bvi Rb¨ GwU e¨eüZ nq| wewfbœ AvZi Ges
Jla Mjv‡bvi avZz wn‡m‡eI Gi e¨envi i‡q‡Q|
2. B_vBj Gj‡KvnjI †bkvm„wóKvix| Lye `ªæZMwZ‡Z Zv ev®ú n‡q D‡o hvq| GUv
kiv‡ei gv‡S †bkv m„wói g~j Dcv`vb| mvaviY Gj‡Kvnj cvwb †_‡K nvjKv nq Ges
cvwbi g‡a¨ wg‡k hvq|
eZ©gv‡b Gj‡Kvnj wewfbœfv‡e e¨envi Kiv nq| we‡kl K‡i †cB›U, Jla, iO, mvevb
BZ¨vw` evbv‡bvi †¶‡Î e¨eüZ nq| B_vBj RxevYyy `~i Kiv ¶Z¯’vb cwi®‹vi I wmwiÄ
cwi®‹vi Kivi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| †Kvb †hŠwMK c`v_©‡K (wewfbœ e¯‘ w`‡q hv ˆZwi nq)
Zij ivLvi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| †nvwgIc¨vw_K Jl‡a `ªæZ wµqv m„wói R‡b¨ Ges
G‡jvc¨vw_K Jl‡a †PZbv‡eva n«vm Kivi Rb¨ B_vBj e¨envi Kiv nq|
Gj‡Kvn‡ji ˆewkó¨
DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g Gj‡Kvnj m¤ú‡K© †hme djvdj †ei nq, Zv wbgœiƒc-
1. Gj‡Kvnj GKwU †bkv m„wóKvix e¯‘|
2. Zij c`v‡_© SuvR m„wóKvix|

963 Rv`x` wdKnx ZvnKxKvZ: 10/45, KzZzeLvbv bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`

 Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui weavb 437
3. †hŠwMK c`v_© ZijKvix ev Zij c`v‡_©i ZijZv `xN©vwqZKvix|964
Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui weavb
Gj‡Kvn‡ji g~j RwUjZv n‡jv, GUv †bkv m„wóKviK Dcv`vb| Avi †bkv m„wóKvix †h
†Kvb wRwb‡mi cÖwZ kixÔAvZ mwe‡kl mZ©KZv Aej¤^b K‡i _v‡K| Avi Gj‡Kvnj
†bkv m„wóKvix nIqvq Gi kiÔqx weavb w¯’i n‡e g` I kiv‡ei mv‡_ wgj †i‡L A_©vr
kiÔqx ûKzg w¯’i nIqv wbf©i Ki‡e Gj‡Kvnj ˆZwii Dcv`v‡bi Dci|
Avi Dcv`v‡bi w`K †_‡K Gj‡Kvnj `yÕai‡bi|
cÖ_g cÖKvi : Av½y‡ii KvPv im ev R¡vj w`‡q NbK…Z im, †LRyi I wKkwgk Øviv ˆZwi
Gj‡Kvnj|
DwjøwLZ Dcv`vb w`‡q ˆZwi cvbxq mKj wdKvnwe‡`i g‡Z g‡`i AšÍfz©³ Ges nvivg|
myZivs g‡`i †¶‡Î †h mg¯Í weavb i‡q‡Q Zv GLv‡bI cÖ‡hvR¨| †hgb bvcvK nIqv,
nvivg nIqv, †jb‡`b A‰ea nIqv BZ¨vw`| nv`xm kix‡d D‡jøL Av‡Q-
.‫ اﻟﺨﻤﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺗﻴﻦ اﻟﺸﺠﺮﺗﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺨﻠﺔ واﻟﻌﻨﺒﺔ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, Ô`yB cÖKvi e„¶ †_‡K g` ˆZix nq| Zv n‡jv †LRyi I
Av½yi|Ó 965

g‡`i †jb‡`b nvivg nIqvi e¨vcv‡i nv`xm kix‡d G‡m‡Q, Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. †_‡K
ewY©Z-
.‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ان اﻟﺬي ﺣﺮم ﺷﺮاﺑﻬﺎ ﺣﺮم ﺑﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qb, Ôwbtm‡›`‡n whwb (Avjøvn ZvÔAvjv) g` cvb‡K nvivg
K‡i‡Qb, wZwb g` wewµ‡KI nvivg K‡i‡Qb|Ó966
Avjøvgv Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. g‡`i cÖKvi I ûKzg m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-
‫ واﻟﻌﺼﻴﺮ إذا ﻃﺒﺦ ﺣﺘﻰ‬،‫ اﻟﺨﻤﺮ وﻫﻲ ﻋﺼﻴﺮ اﻟﻌﻨﺐ إذا ﻏﻠﻰ واﺷﺘﺪ وﻗﺬف ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺑﺪ‬:‫اﻷﺷﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺮﻣﺔ أرﺑﻌﺔ‬
.‫ وﻧﻘﻴﻊ اﻟﺰﺑﻴﺐ‬،‫ وﻧﻘﻴﻊ اﻟﺘﻤﺮ وﻫﻮ اﻟﺴﻜﺮ‬...‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻠﺜﻴﻪ وﻫﻮ اﻟﻄﻼء‬
.‫وﻛﻞ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮرة ﺣﺮام ﺑﺎﻹﺟﻤﺎع إذا ﻏﻠﻰ واﺷﺘﺪ‬
Ònvivg cvbxq Pvi cÖKvi| 1. Lgi A_©vr Av½y‡ii im hLb Nb n‡q †dbvhy³ Ae¯’vq
†cuŠQvq, ZLb Zv Lgi ev g` e‡j MY¨ nq| 2. wZjv A_©vr Av½y‡ii im hLb R¡vj
†`qvi Øviv `yB Z…Zxqvs‡ki Kg ïwK‡q hvq| 3. myK&i A_©vr †LRyi wfwR‡q †i‡L ˆZwi
kieZ| 4. wKkwgk wfwR‡q †i‡L ˆZwi kieZ|967 (cÖ_g cÖKvi me©ve¯’vq

964 `ªóe¨, Rv`x` wdKnx ZvnKxKvZ: 10/45-47, KzZzeLvbv bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`

965 mnxn gymwjg: nv`xm bs 1985
966 mnxn gymwjg: 2/22
967 †n`vqv: 4/492, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
438 `imyj wdK&n
nvivg|)Avi †k‡lv³ wZb cÖKvi hLb Nb n‡e ZLb Zv me©m¤§wZµ‡g nvivg n‡e|Ó968
g` bvcvK nIqvi e¨vcv‡i dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z Av‡Q-
.‫ﻫﻲ ﻧﺠﺴﺔ ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺒﻮل واﻟﺪم‬
Òg`, †ckve I i‡³i b¨vq AZ¨vwaK bvcvK|Ó969
myZivs cÖ_g cÖKvi Av½y‡ii im w`‡q ˆZwi Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ †m›U nvivg I bvcvK, hv
e¨envi Kiv bvRv‡qh| †hgbwU dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix‡Z Av‡Q-
‫ وﻻ‬،‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ أن ﻳﺪﻫﻦ أو ﻳﺘﻄﻴﺐ ﺑﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﺳﻮﺳﻦ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ راﺋﺤﺘﻪ‬:‫ ﻳﻘﺎل ﻟﻪ‬،‫إذا ﻃﺮح ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻤﺮ رﻳﺤﺎن‬
.‫ﻳﺠﻮز ﺑﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬
ÒhLb g‡`i myevm Abyfe Kivi Rb¨ myMwÜhy³ dzj †X‡j †`qv nq hv‡K mvImvb (GK
cÖKvi dz‡ji MvQ) ejv nq ZLb Zv †_‡K †Zj jvMv‡bv wKsev myMwÜ wn‡m‡e e¨envi
Kiv Rv‡qh †bB Ges Zv wewµ KivI bvRv‡qh|Ó970
Z‡e DwjøwLZ Dcv`vb Øviv ˆZix Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ †m›U e¨envi Kiv Rv‡qh n‡e hw`
D³ Dcv`vb †_‡K †bkv m„wóKvix kw³‡K jeY BZ¨vw` Øviv webó Kiv nq|
.‫أﻣﺎ إذا ﺧﻠﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﻼج ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻠﺢ أو ﺑﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻳﺤﻞ ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ‬
Òhw` jeY ev Ab¨ wKQz e¨envi K‡i g`‡K wmiKv evbv‡bv nq, Zvn‡j nvbvdx
dKxnM‡Yi g‡Z Zv nvjvj e‡j MY¨ n‡e|Ó971
G‡¶‡Î Avgiv AwfÁ‡`i kiYvcbœ n‡Z cvwi †h, †Kvb †Kvb e¯‘ Øviv †bkv m„wóKvix
kw³ webó Kiv nq Ges †m›U ev Jl‡ai †¶‡Î Zv e¨envi Kiv nq wK bv? Ggwbfv‡e
hw` Gj‡Kvn‡ji cÖKZ … Ae¯’v envj bv _v‡K, eis Zvi mv‡_ Ab¨ †Kvb e¯‘ wgkÖ‡Yi
d‡j cÖKZ… Ae¯’v †_‡K Ab¨ Ae¯’vq iƒcvšÍwiZ nq, Zvn‡j Ggb Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ
†m›UI e¨envi Kiv hv‡e| †Kbbv, ZLb Gj‡Kvn‡ji nvKxKZ (g~j Ae¯’v) cwiewZ©Z
n‡q hvq| Avi bvcvK e¯‘i g~j Ae¯’v cwieZ©b n‡q †M‡j Zv Avi bvcvK _v‡K bv|
†hgb dvZvIqv‡q kvgx‡Z Av‡Q-
.‫ اﻧﻘﻼب ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ أﺧﺮى‬...‫ ﻓﺈن ذﻟﻚ‬...‫ﺣﻤﺎر وﻗﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻤﻠﺤﺔ ﻓﺼﺎر ﻣﻠﺤﺎ‬
ÒMvav je‡Yi Lwbi g‡a¨ c‡o wM‡q jeY n‡q †M‡j †m jeY cvK e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
KviY Mvavi iƒc cwieZ©b n‡q je‡Y cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|Ó972
wØZxq cÖKvi: Re, gay, eiB, Avjy, AuvL I Av‡cj BZ¨vw` Dcv`vb w`‡q †h Gj‡Kvnj

968 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 10/32, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

969 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/410, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
970 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/410, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
971 dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/410, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; gvRgvDj Avbûi: 4/251, `viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v,

ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
972 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 1/520, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla I †m‡›Ui weavb 439
ev †hme †bkv RvZxq `ªe¨ ˆZix Kiv nq †m¸‡jvI AwaKvsk dKx‡ni g‡Z g‡`i
AšÍfz©&³ Ges Zv nvivg I bvcvK| nvbvdx dKxn‡`i g‡a¨ Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi
g‡ZI g‡`i AšÍf©y³ I nvivg, cwigv‡Y Zv Kg †nvK ev †ewk †nvK| †hgb Avjøvgv
AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ وﻛﺜﻴﺮﻫﺎ وﺑﻪ ﻳﻔﺘﻰ وﻓﻲ‬،‫ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬...‫ﺣﺮﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ أي اﻷﺷﺮﺑﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺨﺬة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺴﻞ واﻟﺘﻴﻦ وﻧﺤﻮﻫﻤﺎ‬
.‫ وﻫﻮ ﻗﻮل اﻷﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬:‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻲ‬
ÒBgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Wzgyi, gay BZ¨vw` Øviv ˆZwi cvbxq‡K nvivg e‡j‡Qb| Zvi cwigvY
Kg †nvK ev †ewk †nvK (eZ©gv‡b †dZbv-dvmv` e„w× cvIqvq) Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi
g‡Zi Dci dvZIqv †`qv nq| dvZvIqv‡q kvgx‡Z Av‡Q, Bgvg kv‡dÔqx, Avng` I
gv‡jK ivn. Bgvg·qi gZI GwU|Ó973
Avjøvgv AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. Av‡iv e‡jb-
.‫ أن ﻧﺠﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎ ﻏﻠﻴﻈﺔ‬:‫ وﻫﻮ ﻧﺠﺲ أﻳﻀﺎ وﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻲ‬،‫ ﻣﺎ أﺳﻜﺮ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻘﻠﻴﻠﻪ ﺣﺮام‬:‫وﻗﺎل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬
ÒBgvg gynv¤§` ivn. e‡j‡Qb, †hme gv`K`ªe¨ AwaK cwigvY cvb Ki‡j †bkv m„wó
K‡i †mme gv`K`ªe¨ Aí cwigvY cvb KivI nvivg Ges bvcv‡K Mvwjhv hv e¨envi
Kiv bvRv‡qh|Ó974
Z‡e Bgvg Avey nvbxdv I Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn. Gi g‡Z wØZxq cÖKvi (A_v©r wZjv
Dcv`vb Øviv ˆZwi cvbxq) ZLbB g‡`i AšÍfy©³ n‡e, hLb Zv ‡bkv m„wó nIqvi
cwigv‡Y †cuŠ‡Q| Avi hw` †bkv m„wói cwigv‡Y bv †cuŠ‡Q, Zvn‡j Zv cvb Kiv nvivg
n‡e bv|
†hgb ZvZviLvwbqv‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q-
‫ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺠﻮز‬،‫ أو ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻄﺒﻮخ‬،‫وإن اﺗﺨﺬ ﻧﺒﻴﺬ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻌﻴﺮ أو اﻟﺬرة أو اﻟﺘﻔﺎح أو اﻟﻌﺴﻞ واﺷﺘﺪ وﻫﻮ ﻣﻄﺒﻮخ‬
.‫ﺷﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﺎ دون اﻟﺴﻜﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ وأﺑﻲ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ رﺣﻤﻬﻤﺎ اﻟﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
Òhw` Re, fzÆv, Av‡cj I gay Øviv gv`K`ªe¨ ˆZwi Kiv nq, Zvn‡j Nb Ae¯’vq Zv
mvgvb¨ cwigvY A_©vr †h cwigvY †bkv m„wó K‡i bv †m cwigvY cvb Kiv Bgvg Avey
nvbxdv I Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn. Gi g‡Z Rv‡qh, R¡vj †`qv †nvK ev bv †nvK|Ó975
myZivs wØZxq cÖKvi Dcv`vb Øviv ˆZix Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ †m›U mvgvb¨ cwigvY e¨envi
Kiv Rv‡qh Ges †jb‡`b KivI ˆea| †hgb Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ اﻟﻔﺘﻮى ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺒﻊ‬...‫وﺻﺢ ﺑﻴﻊ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺨﻤﺮ أي ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‬
ÒLgi e¨ZxZ Ab¨ gv`K `ªe¨ wewµ Kiv Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi g‡Z Rv‡qh| Avi

973 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 10/36, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

974 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 10/38 gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
975 dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbqv: 18/433, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
440 `imyj wdK&n
†ePv‡Kbvi gvmAvjvq Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi g‡Zi Dci dvZ&Iqv|Ó976
eZ©gv‡b Jla I †m‡›U †h Gj‡Kvnj e¨envi Kiv nq, Zv wØZxq cÖKvifz³| GRb¨
Bgvg Avey nvbxdv I Avey BDmyd ivn. Gi eY©bvbyhvqx Aí cwigvY (hv †bkv m„wó K‡i
bv) e¨envi K‡i †Kvb wRwbm cÖ¯Z‘ Ki‡j Zv nvivg I bvcvK n‡e bv|
eZ©gvb hy‡M †m›U, †¯úª, Jla BZ¨vw`‡Z ‫ ﻋﻤﻮم اﻟﺒﻠﻮى‬A_©vr e¨vcKfv‡e Gj‡Kvnj
e¨envi nq| Avi AwaKvsk Gj‡Kvnj wØZxq cÖKvi Dcv`vb w`‡q cÖ¯Z ‘ Kiv nq|
mvaviYZ †m‡›U †h cwigvY Gj‡Kvnj e¨envi Kiv nq Zv Aí nIqvq Bgvg Avey
nvbxdv ivn. I Bgvg Avey BDmyd ivn. Gi g‡Zi Dci d‡Zvqv cÖ`vb Kiv †kªq|977
BmjvwgK wdKn GKv‡Wgx BwÛqv GK †mwgbv‡i Gj‡Kvnj m¤ú‡K© †h wm×v‡šÍ †cuŠ‡Q‡Q
Zv wbgœiƒc:
1. wKQz Jl‡a ÔB_vBjÕ Gj‡Kvnj e¨envi Kiv nq| GB Gj‡Kvnj †bkv m„wóKvix Ges
Jl‡a e¨envi nIqvi c‡iI Zvi nvKxKZ cwiewZ©Z nq bv| wPwKrmvi †¶‡Î kixÔAvZ
†h Qvo w`‡q‡Q, †m wn‡m‡e GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvR‡b Gj‡Kvnj wgwkªZ Jla e¨envi Kiv ˆea|
2. AvZ‡i †h Gj‡Kvnj e¨envi Kiv nq, we‡klÁ‡`i M‡elYv Abyhvqx Zv †bkv
m„wóKvix bq| G Rb¨ Zv bvcvK bq|978

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix gydZx I gynvwÏm, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn. 23 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx dwi`yj nK nvwdhvûjøvn

gydZx I D¯Ívh, `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
08 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

976 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 10/35, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`

977 Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv: 8/484, 488, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`; dvZvIqv‡q inxwgqv: 10/157, gvKZvev‡q
hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
978 Rv`x` wdKwn ZvnKxKvZ: 10/38, gvKZvev bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`
 441

`vwo I Py‡ji weavb

gvIjvbv †ejvj DÏxb ivgyfx
cÖ‡Z¨K RvwZ I a‡g©i we‡kl wKQy wb`k©b _v‡K, hv D³ a‡g©i cÖZxK wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ|
Bmjv‡gi Ab¨Zg wb`k©b n‡jv `vwo, hv nhiZ gynv¤§` mn mKj bexi Av`k© I
mybœvZ| Abyiƒcfv‡e ivm~jyjøvn Gi Pzj †hgb wQ‡jv, †Zgwbfv‡e Pzj ivLv Avgv‡`i
KZ©e¨| m‡e©vcwi Rxe‡bi mKj †¶‡Î Pzj, `vwomn Zuvi mybœZ I Av`k© Luy‡R †ei Kiv
Ges †m mKj Av`‡k© Av`k©evb nIqv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Acwinvh©| ZvB `vwo I Pz‡ji
e¨vcv‡i beex Av`k© Ges Bmjv‡gi bxwZgvjv I weavbvejx KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K
we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e wb‡gœ D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv|
KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K `vwo
c~e©hy‡Mi bex‡`i `vwo wQ‡jv Ges Zv j¤^vI wQ‡jv| G K_vi cÖgvY KziAv‡b Kvix‡g
cvIqv hvq| †hgb nhiZ nviæb Av. nhiZ g~mv Av. †K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡j‡Qb-

 ihg
ÒZzwg Avgvi `vwo a‡iv bv|Ó979
nhiZ nviæb Av. Gi `vwo GZ j¤^v wQj hv aivi Dchy³ A_©vr GK gywó cwigvY wQj|
Zvdmxi wekvi`MY `vwo gyÛv‡bv‡K Avjøvni m„wói gv‡S n¯Í‡¶c wn‡m‡e AvL¨v
w`‡q‡Qb| Avi m„wói gv‡S cwieZ©b Kiv Awfkß kqZv‡bi KvR| KziAv‡b Kvix‡g
kqZv‡bi KwZcq cÖwZkÖæwZ D‡jøL K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q-

 «ª©¨§
ÒAek¨B Avwg (kqZvb) Zv‡`i‡K wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡ev,Zviv †hb Avjøvni m„ó
AvK…wZ‡K cwieZ©b K‡i|Ó980
D³ Avqv‡Zi Zvdmx‡i nvKxgyj D¤§Z nhiZ Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. Ôeqvbyj
KziAv‡bÕ wj‡Lb-

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ÒAvjøvni m„ó AvK…wZi cwieZ©b mvab dv‡mKx KvRmg~‡ni AšÍf©y³| †hgb `vwo gyÐb

979 m~iv Z¡nv: 94

980 m~iv wbmv: 119
442 `imyj wdK&n
Kiv, kixi †K‡U ev †Lv`vB K‡i wKQz AsKb Kiv cÖfw„ Z|Ó981
GKevi GK e¨w³ nhiZ _vbfx ivn. †K wRÁvmv Ki‡jv †h, cy‡iv KziAvb kix‡di
†Kvb RvqMvq `vwo ivLv ev gyÛv‡bv m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Av‡jvPbv †bB| Zvi Rev‡e wZwb
KziAv‡bi D³ AvqvZ c‡o ej‡jb, AvqvZ †_‡K †evSv hvq †h, `vwo gyÛv‡bv ¸bvn
I kqZvbx KvR mg~‡ni AšÍf©y³| †gvUK_v, `vwo gyÛv‡bv nvivg nIqvi welqwU KziAvb
†_‡KI cÖgvwYZ|
nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K `vwo
nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ واﺣﻔﻮا اﻟﺸﻮارب‬،‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﺧﺎﻟﻔﻮا اﻟﻤﺸﺮﻛﻴﻦ ووﻓﺮوا اﻟﻠﺤﻰ‬
Òbex Kvixg Bikv` K‡ib, †Zvgiv gykwiK‡`i weiæ×vPiY Ki| (Avi Zv Gfv‡e
†h) `vwo j¤^v Ki Ges †Muvd KZ©b Ki|Ó982
Abyiƒcfv‡e Be‡b Igi ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb-
.‫ وأﻋﻔﻮا اﻟﻠﺤﻰ‬،‫ أﻧﻬﻜﻮا اﻟﺸﻮارب‬:
‫ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Bikv` K‡ib, †Muvd fvjfv‡e Lv‡Uv Ki Avi `vwo evovI|Ó983
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z, Av‡iKwU nv`x‡m Av‡Q-
،‫ وإﻋﻔﺎء اﻟﻠﺤﻰ‬،‫ وأﺧﺬ اﻟﺸﺎرب‬،‫ واﻻﺳﺘﻨﺎن‬،‫ إن ﻓﻄﺮة اﻹﺳﻼم اﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺠﻤﻌﺔ‬:‫أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ ﺣﺪوا ﺷﻮارﺑﻜﻢ وأﻋﻔﻮا ﻟﺤﺎﻛﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺨﺎﻟﻔﻮﻫﻢ‬،‫ﻓﺈن اﻟﻤﺠﻮس ﺗﻌﻔﻲ ﺷﻮارﺑﻬﺎ وﺗﺤﻔﻲ ﻟﺤﺎﻫﺎ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn e‡jb, wbðq Bmjv‡gi ¯^fve n‡jv ïµev‡i †Mvmj Kiv, wgmIqvK
Kiv, †gvP KvUv, `vwo j¤^v ivLv| †Kbbv AwMœc~RKiv †gvP j¤^v iv‡L Avi `vwo Lv‡Uv
K‡i| myZivs †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i †gvP Lv‡Uv K‡i Ges `vwo j¤^v †i‡L Zv‡`i we‡ivwaZv
Ki|Ó984
D³ nv`xmmg~‡ni gg©v_© n‡jv, †gvP †QvU Kiv I `vwo‡K Avcb Ae¯’vq †Q‡o †`qv|
GQvov Dm~‡j wdK&‡ni wKZv‡e Av‡Q †h, Rygûi Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi g‡Z Avg‡ii mxMv
(Av‡`km~PK wµqv) IqvwR‡ei Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| A_©vr hZ¶Y ch©šÍ wfbœ A‡_© e¨eüZ
nIqvi AvjvgZ cvIqv bv hv‡e, ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ IqvwReB D‡Ïk¨ n‡e| Avi hw`
IqvwR‡ei A‡_© e¨env‡ii AvjvgZ _v‡K, Zvn‡j †Zv IqvwR‡ei A_©B wba©vwiZ n‡e|

981 eqvbyj KziAvb: 1/405, gvKZvevZzj B‡Ënv`, †`Ie›`

982 mnxn eyLvix: nv`xm bs 5892
983 mnxn eyLvix: 2/875
984 mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb: nv`xm bs 1221
 `vwo I Py‡ji weavb 443
cÖKvk _v‡K †h, D³ nv`xmmg~‡n Av‡`km~PK wµqv IqvwR‡ei A‡_© e¨eüZ nIqvi
AvjvgZ n‡jv, nhiZ Be‡b Igi ivwh. Gi wb‡gœv³ Dw³-
.‫أﻣﺮﻧﺎ ﺑﺈﻋﻔﺎء اﻟﺸﻮارب وإﻋﻔﺎء اﻟﻠﺤﻰ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Avgv‡`i‡K †Muvd KZ©b Kivi I `vwo e„w× Kivi wb‡`©k
w`‡q‡Qb|Ó985
Bgvg beex ivn. e‡jb-
‫ وﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎدة اﻟﻔﺮس ﻗﺺ‬،‫وأﻣﺎ )إﻋﻔﺎء اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ( ﻓﻤﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮﻫﺎ وﻫﻮ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ )أوﻓﻮا اﻟﻠﺤﻰ( ﻓﻲ اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى‬
‫ وﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬، ‫ أﻋﻔﻮا وأوﻓﻮا وأرﺧﻮا وأرﺟﻮا ووﻓﺮوا‬: ‫ ﻓﺤﺼﻞ ﺧﻤﺲ رواﻳﺎت‬...‫اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﻓﻨﻬﻰ اﻟﺸﺮع ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ‬
.‫ ﻫﺬا ﻫﻮ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ أﻟﻔﺎﻇﻪ‬.‫ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬:
Ò‫ إﻋﻔﺎء اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ‬Gi A_© n‡jv, `vwo e„w× Kiv| Ab¨ †iIqv‡q‡Z ‫ ﺃﻭﻓﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻰ‬Gi A_©I
GUvB| cvim¨evmx‡`i Af¨vm wQ‡jv, `vwo QuvUv| kixÔAvZ G †_‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Q|...
`vwo m¤ú‡K© †gvU cuvPwU †iIqv‡qZ cvIqv †M‡jv, ‫ وأرﺟﻮا ووﻓﺮوا‬،‫ وأرﺧﻮا‬،‫ أوﻓﻮا‬،‫|أﻋﻔﻮا‬
me¸‡jv †iIqv‡q‡Zi A_© GKB, `vwo‡K wbR Ae¯’vq †Q‡o †`qv| nv`x‡mi kã †_‡K
G A_©B my¯úó|Ó986
BRgv‡q D¤§Z I `vwo gyÛv‡bv
Pvi gvhnv‡ei BgvgMY G e¨vcv‡i GKgZ †h, `vwo ivLv I e„w× Kiv IqvwRe Avi
gyÛv‡bv nvivg| kvqLyj nv`xm hvKvwiqv ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻗﺪ اﺗﻔﻘﺖ اﻟﻤﺬاﻫﺐ اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻮب ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ وﺣﺮﻣﺔ ﺣﻠﻘﻬﺎ‬
ÒPvi gvhnv‡ei BgvgMY `vwo e„w× Kiv IqvwRe I `vwo gyÛv‡bv nvivg nIqvi e¨vcv‡i
GKgZ|Ó987
nv‡dR Be‡b KvwQi ivn. Gi iwPZ ÔAvj we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqvÕ MÖ‡š’i GKwU wk‡ivbvg
Giƒc-
.«‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻣﺤﺮم ﺑﺎﻹﺟﻤﺎع‬،‫»اﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺈﻟﺰام اﻟﻘﻠﻨﺪرﻳﺔ ﺑﺘﺮك ﻟﺤﺎﻫﻢ وﺣﻮاﺟﺒﻬﻢ وﺷﻮارﺣﻬﻢ‬
ÒKvjv›`vwiqv †Mv‡Îi †jvKR‡bi Dci `vwo, åæ I †Muvd bv gyÛv‡bvi wb‡`©k, hv
D¤§‡Zi BRgvi wfwˇZ nvivg|Ó988

985 mnxn gymwjg: 1/129

986 kiû gymwjg, beex: 1/129, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
987 `vonx Kv DRye: 2
988 Avj we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqv: 14/314
444 `imyj wdK&n
G e¨vcv‡i Avjøvgv gvngy` LvËvex ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ وﻣﺎﻟﻚ واﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ وأﺣﻤﺪ وﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ‬،‫ﻓﻠﺬا ﻛﺎن ﺣﻠﻖ اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ أﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻬﺪﻳﻦ‬
Ògymjgvb‡`i gyRZvwn` BgvgMY Z_v Bgvg Avey nvbxdv, Bgvg gv‡jK, Bgvg kv‡dÔqx
I Bgvg Avng` ivwngvûgyjøvn cÖgy‡Li g‡Z `vwo gyÛv‡bv nvivg|Ó989
Bgvg Bebyj ûgvg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺒﺤﻪ أﺣﺪ‬،‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻐﺎرﺑﺔ وﻣﺨﻨﺜﺔ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬،‫وأﻣﺎ اﻷﺧﺬ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ وﻫﻲ دون ذﻟﻚ‬
ÒGKgywói †fZ‡i `vwo KZ©b Kiv Kv‡iv g‡ZB Rv‡qh †bB| †hgbwU KiZ KwZcq
cvðvZ¨ev`x I gwnjv‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ MªnYKvix cyiæl|Ó990
AZGe GK gywói †fZ‡i `vwo KvUv hLb Kv‡iv g‡Z Rv‡qh †bB, †mLv‡b `vwo gyÛv‡bv
†h mevi g‡ZB nvivg n‡e Zv w`ev‡jv‡Ki b¨vq my¯úó| GKvi‡YB nvKxgyj D¤§Z
nhiZ gvIjvbv Avkivd Avjx _vbfx ivn. e‡j‡Qb-
.‫ﻗﻠﺖ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ )ﻟﻢ ﻳﺒﺤﻪ أﺣﺪ( ﻧﺺ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺟﻤﺎع ﻓﻘﻂ‬
ÒAvjøvgv Bebyj ûgvg I AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. Gi evYx ‫( ﻟﻢ ﻳﺒﺤﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ‬Z_v Kv‡iv
g‡ZB ˆea bq) `vwo gyÛv‡bv nvivg nIqvi Dci mevB †h GKgZ, G K_vi cÖgvY enb
K‡i|Ó991
gyd&Zx kdx ivn. GK cÖ‡kœi Dˇi wj‡Lb-

0 > ² *¯ ®t& ; Õo

ÒD¤§‡Zi BRgv Z_v HK¨g‡Zi wfwˇZ `vwo gyÛv‡bv nvivg|Ó992
Be‡b nvhg hv‡nix ivn. wj‡Lb-
.‫ ﻻ ﺗﺠﻮز‬،‫واﺗﻔﻘﻮا أن ﺣﻠﻖ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬
ÒmevB GK_vi Dci GKgZ †h, m¤ú~Y© `vwo gyÛv‡bv gyQjv Z_v ÔAvK…wZi weK…wZmvabÕ
hv ˆea bq|Ó993

989 Avj& gvbnvj kiû mybvwb Avex `vD`: 1/286

990 dvZûj Kv`xi: 2/270, gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
991 evIqvw`iæb bvIqvw`i: 2/ 443, KzZzeLvbv inxwgqv, †`Ie›`
992 RvIqvwniæj wdK&n: 7/159, gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
993 gvivwZeyj BRgv: 1/119
 `vwo I Py‡ji weavb 445
`vwoi cwigvY
Avgiv `vwo m¤úK©xq nv`xm Øviv c~‡e©B AeMZ n‡qwQ †h, ivm~j †_‡K `vwo j¤^v
Kiv I †Q‡o †`qvi eY©bv cvIqv hvq, wKš‘ GK gywói ci `vwo KvUvi e¨vcv‡i ivm~jyjøvn
†_‡K mivmwi †Kvb MÖnY‡hvM¨ eY©bv cvIqv hvq bv|994 Z‡e cÖwm× mvnvex Be‡b
Igi ivwh. GK gywói c‡i `vwo KvU‡j ivm~j Zv‡K wb‡la K‡ibwb| Avi wb‡la
bv KivUvB Bj‡g nv`x‡mi cwifvlv Abyhvqx ÔZvKixiÕ Z_v †gŠb mg_©b wn‡m‡e MY¨
n‡e| †Kvb †Kvb Kv‡Ri †¶‡Î ivm~j Gi mg_©bI nv`xm wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq|
myZivs GK gywói AwZwi³ `vwo KvUvI nv`xm Øviv cÖgvwYZ|
D‡jøL¨ †h, †KD hw` GK gywói Dci `vwo j¤^v Ki‡Z Awb”QyK nq, Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨
`vwo KvUvi my‡hvM Av‡Q| Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. I Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Gi gZvgZI
ZvB| †hgbwU Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. Bgvg Avey nvbxdv ivn. Gi m~‡Î nhiZ Be‡b Igi
ivwh. Gi Kg©MZ nv`xmwU eY©bv K‡i gšÍe¨ K‡ib-
‫ وﺑﻪ ﻧﺄﺧﺬ وﻫﻮ ﻗﻮل‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ  أﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﺒﺾ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺤﻴﺘﻪ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻘﺺ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻘﺒﻀﺔ‬
.‫أﺑﻲ ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺔ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‬
ÒBe‡b Igi ivwh. ¯^xq `vwo nv‡Zi gy‡Vv‡Z ai‡Zb Ges gy‡Vvi evB‡ii Ask KZ©b
Ki‡Zb| Bgvg gynv¤§` ivn. e‡jb, Avgiv GB gZwUB MÖnY K‡iwQ Avi GUv Avey
nvbxdv ivn. GiI gZ|Ó995
Bgvg Avjx Avj-gviMxbvbx ivn. mybœvZ cwigvY `vwoi e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb GK gywói Øviv|
†hgbwU wZwb ¯^xq wKZve †n`vqvÕ‡Z wj‡Lb-
.‫ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻘﺪر اﻟﻤﺴﻨﻮن وﻫﻮ اﻟﻘﺒﻀﺔ‬،‫وﻻ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﻞ اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ‬
Òhw` `vwo mybœZ cwigvY nq, Zvn‡j `vwo j¤^v Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb Jla e¨envi Ki‡e

‫ أﺧﺮج اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎرون ﻋﻦ أﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻦ زﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮو ﺑﻦ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺪﻩ أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ‬994
‫ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎرون ﻣﻘﺎرب اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻻ أﻋﺮف ﻟﻪ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ‬:‫ وﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ إﺳﻤﻌﻴﻞ ﻳﻘﻮل‬،‫ ﻫﺬا ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‬:‫ وﻗﺎل‬.‫ﻟﺤﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ وﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬
.‫ »ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﻟﺤﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ وﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎ« ﻻ ﻧﻌﺮﻓﻪ إﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎرون‬:‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ أﺻﻞ أو ﻗﺎل ﻳﻨﻔﺮد ﺑﻪ إﻻ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ا ﻫـ ـ ـ ـ‬
‫ وأﻣﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻤﺮو ﺑﻦ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺪﻩ »أن اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﻛﺎن ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ‬:(۲٩۰/۱) «‫ﻗﺎل اﻹﻣﺎم اﻟﻨﻮوي ﻓﻲ »اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع ﺷﺮح اﻟﻤﻬﺬب‬
.‫« ﻓﺮواﻩ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﺑﺈﺳﻨﺎد ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻻ ﻳﺤﺘﺞ ﺑﻪ‬.‫ﻟﺤﻴﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ وﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫ وﻫﺬا أﺧﺮﺟﻪ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي وﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻲ‬:(٥٨٩۲ ‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟﻌﺴﻘﻼﻧﻲ رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ »ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري« )رﻗﻢ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ اﻫ ـ ـ‬.‫ وﻗﺪ ﺿﻌﻒ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎرون ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬.‫ ﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ ﻟﻪ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﻣﻨﻜﺮا إﻻ ﻫﺬا اﻫـ‬:‫رواﻳﺔ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎرون‬
.‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا أﻧﻬﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺠﺔ‬:‫( ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻧﻘﻠﻪ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬۱۳٨/۱) «‫وﻗﺎل اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺸﻮﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ »ﻧﻴﻞ اﻷوﻃﺎر‬
995 wKZveyj AvQvi: 112, `viæj nv`xm, gyjZvb, cvwK¯Ívb
446 `imyj wdK&n
bv| Avi mybœZ cwigvY n‡jv GK gywó|Ó996
Bgvg beex ivn. GK gywó `vwoi e¨vcv‡i dzKvnv‡q †Kiv‡gi gZvgZ eY©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q
Bgvg Mvhvjx ivn.997 Gi Dw³ Gfv‡e bKj K‡ib-
‫ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ اﺑﻦ‬،‫ ﻻ ﺑﺄس أن ﻳﻘﺒﺾ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وﻳﻘﺺ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﻘﺒﻀﺔ‬:‫ ﻓﻘﻴﻞ‬،‫اﺧﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺴﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻃﺎل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ‬
.‫ واﺳﺘﺤﺴﻨﻪ اﻟﺸﻌﺒﻲ واﺑﻦ ﺳﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬
Ò`vwoi j¤^v AskUzKzi e¨vcv‡i Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi gv‡S gZv‰bK¨ i‡q‡Q| †KD
e‡j‡Qb, `vwo¸‡jv gy‡V wb‡q gywói AwZwi³ `vwo KZ©b Kivq †Kvb Amyweav †bB|
Be‡b Igi ivwh. Ges Zvweqxb‡`i GK RvgvÔAvZ ZvB K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg kvÔex I Be‡b
mxixb ivn.I GUv‡K cQ›` K‡i‡Qb|Ó998
cyiæ‡li Pz‡ji weavb
ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K wewfbœ mgq wewfbœ ai‡bi Pzj ivLvi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq| †hgb
nhiZ Avbvm Be‡b gv‡jK ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻛﺎن ﺷﻌﺮ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
إﻟﻰ ﻧﺼﻒ أذﻧﻴﻪ‬
Òivm~j Gi Pzj gyeviK `yB Kv‡bi ga¨fvM ch©šÍ j¤^v wQ‡jv|Ó999
Ab¨ eY©bv‡Z G‡m‡Q-
،‫ وﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺒﻂ‬،‫ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻌﺪ‬: ‫ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻛﺎن ﺷﻌﺮ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
؟ ﻗﺎل‬: ‫ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻷﻧﺲ‬: ‫ﻋﻦ ﻗﺘﺎدة  ﻗﺎل‬
.‫ﻛﺎن ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﺷﻌﺮﻩ ﺷﺤﻤﺔ أذﻧﻴﻪ‬
ÒnhiZ KvZv`v ivwh. †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, Avwg nhiZ Avbvm ivwh. †K wRÁvmv
Kijvg, ivm~jyjøvn Gi Pzj gyeviK †Kgb wQ‡jv? wZwb ej‡jb, ivm~jyjøvn
Gi Pzj gyeviK AZ¨vwaK †KvKouv‡bvI wQ‡jv bv Avevi G‡Kev‡i †mvRvI wQ‡jv bv;
eis Zvi Pzj gyeviK Kv‡bi jwZ ch©šÍ †cuŠQZ|Ó1000
nhiZ Av‡qkv ivwh. e‡jb-

996 †n`vqv: 1/221, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`

997 gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Avey nv‡g` Avj Mvhvjx Avk kv‡dÔqx
ivn.| wZwb 450 wnRix‡Z †Lvivmv‡bi AšÍM©Z Z~m A‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib Ges 14B Rygv`vm mvbx 505 wnRix m‡b
Rb¥¯’vb Z~m bM‡i B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| Zvi D¯Ívh‡`i g‡a¨ Bgvgyj nvivgvBb Aveyj gvÔAvjx Avj RyAvBbx ivn. I
Bgvg Avey bmi BmgvCj ivn. mwe‡kl D‡jøL‡hvM¨| iPbvejxi g‡a¨ BnqvD Dj~wgÏxb, Avj Lyjvmv, Avj IqvRxh,
Avj IqvmxZ I Avj evmxZ Ab¨Zg| -nvw`qvZzj Av‡idxb: 2/79
998 Avj gvRgy: 1/290, `viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
999 kvgv‡q‡j wZiwghx: 3; mybv‡b bvmvqx: nv`xm bs 5234, nv`xmwU mnxn|
1000 kvgv‡q‡j wZiwghx: 3; mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb: nv`xm bs 6291
 `vwo I Py‡ji weavb 447
.‫ وﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ ﺷﻌﺮ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺠﻤﺔ ودون اﻟﻮﻓﺮة‬،‫ﻛﻨﺖ أﻏﺘﺴﻞ أﻧﺎ ورﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
ﻣﻦ إﻧﺎء واﺣﺪ‬
ÒAvwg Ges ivm~jyjøvn GKB cvÎ †_‡K (A_©vr GKB cv‡Îi cvwb w`‡q) †Mvmj
KiZvg, Zvi Pzj gyeviK Ry¤§v †_‡K Kg I Iqvd&iv †_‡K †ewk wQ‡jv|Ó1001
we.`ª. Ry¤§v: gv_vi Pzj Kuva ch©šÍ ivLv‡K Ry¤§v ejv nq|
Idiv: gv_vi Pzj Kv‡bi jwZ ch©šÍ ivLv‡K Idiv ejv nq|
wj¤§v: gv_vi Pzj Kv‡bi jwZ I Kuv‡ai gvS eivei ivLv‡K wj¤§v ejv nq|
DwjøwLZ nv`xmmg~n Øviv ivm~j Gi wZb cÖKv‡ii Pzj ivLvi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq|
ZvB dzKvnv‡q †Kivg G wZb cÖKv‡ii Pzj ivLv‡K mybœvZ AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
Pzj ivLvi Av‡iKwU c×wZ n‡jv (KQi) A_©vr gv_vi Pzj PZyw`©‡K mgvbfv‡e †Q‡U
ivLv| myZivs mvg‡b j¤^v wcQ‡b Lv‡Uv K‡i we‡`kx d¨vk‡b Pzj ivLv †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv
DwPZ|
nj‡Ki weavb
ivm~jyjøvn †_‡K nR¡-Igiv e¨ZxZ gv_vi Pzj njK Kivi †iIqv‡qZ cvIqv hvq
bv| †hgb Bgvg gywnDÏxb beex ivn. wj‡Lb-
.‫ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺼﺢ ان اﻟﻨﺒﻲ
ﺣﻠﻖ إﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺞ واﻟﻌﻤﺮة‬
Òbex Kvixg nR¡-Igiv Qvov njK K‡i‡Qb Ggb †Kvb mwVK cÖgvY †bB|Ó1002
ZvQvov Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi ga¨ n‡Z wZb Ljxdv- nhiZ Avey eKi, nhiZ Igi I
nhiZ Dmgvb ivwh. †_‡KI nR¡-Igiv e¨ZxZ gv_v gyÛv‡bvi †Kv‡bv †iIqv‡qZ cvIqv
hvq bv| †hgb nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei cÖwm× gynvwÏm I dKxn †gvjøv Avjx Kvix ivn. ‫ﺍﺣﻠﻘﻮﺍ‬
‫ ﻛﻠﻪ واﺗﺮﻛﻮا ﻛﻠﻪ‬nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb-
‫ وأن اﻟﺮﺟﻞ‬،‫ ﻓﻴﻪ إﺷﺎرة إﻟﻰ أن اﻟﺤﻠﻖ ﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺤﺞ واﻟﻌﻤﺮة ﺟﺎﺋﺰ‬...‫ ﻛﻞ اﻟﺮأس أي ﺷﻌﺮﻩ‬:‫)اﺣﻠﻘﻮا ﻛﻠﻪ( أي‬
‫ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻣﻊ‬،‫ ﻟﻜﻦ اﻷﻓﻀﻞ أن ﻻ ﻳﺤﻠﻖ إﻻ ﻓﻲ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻨﺴﻜﻴﻦ‬،‫ﻣﺨﻴﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺤﻠﻖ وﺗﺮﻛﻪ‬
.‫ واﻧﻔﺮد ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻛﺮم اﻟﻠﻪ وﺟﻬﻪ‬، ‫أﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬
Òivm~jyjøvn Gi evYx ‫ اﺣﻠﻘﻮا ﻛﻠﻪ واﺗﺮﻛﻮا ﻛﻠﻪ‬-†Z nR¡-Igiv Qvov gv_v gyÛv‡bv Rv‡qh
nIqvi Bw½Z i‡q‡Q| Avi cyiæl‡`i Rb¨ Pzj ivLv I njK Kiv Df‡qiB my‡hvM
i‡q‡Q| Z‡e nR¡ Ges Igiv e¨ZxZ Ab¨ mgq gv_v bv gyÛv‡bv DËg| †hgbwU wQ‡jv

1001 kvgv‡q‡j wZiwghx: 3

1002 kvgv‡q‡j wZiwghx: 3
448 `imyj wdK&n
bex Kvixg I mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi Avgj| ïay nhiZ Avjx ivwh. Gi e¨wZµg
wQ‡jb| wZwb nR¡-Igiv Qvov Ab¨ mgqI njK Ki‡Zb|Ó1003
myZivs ÔnjKÕ Ges ÔKQiÕ m¤ú‡K© DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K cªZxqgvb nq †h, cyiæ‡li
Rb¨ ÔnjKÕ Avi ÔKQiÕ Gi g‡a¨ BLwZqvi i‡q‡Q| Z‡e Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. njK mybœZ
nIqvi c‡ÿ GKwU e³e¨ Gfv‡e D‡jøL K‡ib-
.‫اﻟﻔﺮق أو اﻟﺤﻠﻖ‬
َ ‫ إﻣﺎ‬،‫ ﻟﻠﺰﻧﺪوﻳﺴﺘﻲ أن اﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻌﺮ اﻟﺮأس‬:‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﺮوﺿﺔ‬
Òhvb`vex¯Íx ivn. Gi iwPZ wKZve iIRvZzj Ijvgv‡Z D‡jøL Av‡Q, gv_vi Pz‡ji
e¨vcv‡i mybœvZ n‡jv mgvbfv‡e Pzj QuvUv ev gyÛv‡bv|Ó1004
ÔKQiÕ Gi †¶‡Î j¶Yxq welq n‡jv, PZyw`©‡K mgvbfv‡e Pzj KvUv‡e| Ab¨_vq nv`xm
Øviv cÖgvwYZ wZb c×wZi †Kvb GK c×wZ‡Z ivL‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e ÔnjKÕ Ki‡Z
wM‡q ‫( ﻗﺰع‬Aa© gyÐb) †hb bv nq| A_©vr Ggb †hb bv nq gv_vi wKQz Ask gyÛv‡bv n‡jv
Avi wKQz Ask †i‡L †`qv n‡jv| †Kbbv dzKvnv‡q †Kivg Gfv‡e Pzj gyÛv‡bv gvKiƒ‡n
Zvnixgx e‡j‡Qb| †hgb Avjøvgv kvgx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫وﻳﻜﺮﻩ اﻟﻘﺰع وﻫﻮ أن ﻳﺤﻠﻖ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ وﻳﺘﺮك اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﺻﺎﺑﻊ‬
ÒKzhv gvKiƒ‡n Zvnixgx| Avi ÔKzhvÕ ejv nq gv_vi wKQy Pzj †i‡L evwK Pzj
gyÛv‡bv|Ó1005
gwnjv‡`i Pz‡ji weavb
gwnjv‡`i Pz‡ji †¶‡Î †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv n‡jv Zviv Pzj ivL‡e, gyÛv‡e bv| †Kbbv
gwnjv‡`i †mŠ›`h© n‡jv j¤^v Pzj| AwZ cÖ‡qvR‡b hw` KvU‡Z nq, Zvn‡j Aek¨B
wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
GK. Agymwjg bvix‡`i Abymi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ gv_vi Pzj †Q‡U Lv‡Uv Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
†Kbbv nv`xm kix‡d wfbœ ag©xq bvix‡`i AbymiY Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|
`yB. Pzj KvU‡Z wM‡q G cwigvY Lv‡Uv Ki‡e bv †h, Zv cyiæ‡li eveix Pz‡ji gZ n‡q
hvq| KviY nv`xm kix‡d cyiæ‡li mv`„k¨ Aej¤^b Ki‡ZI wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| nhiZ
Be‡b AveŸvm ivwh. eY©bv K‡ib-
.‫ﻟﻌﻦ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﻪ
اﻟﻤﺘﺸﺒﻬﺎت ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﺎل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء واﻟﻤﺘﺸﺒﻬﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‬
Òivm~jyjøvn cyiæl‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ MÖnYKvix gwnjv I gwnjv‡`i mv‡_ mv`„k¨

1003 wgiKvZ: 8/216, Avj gvKZvevZzj nvexweq¨v, cvwK¯Ívb

1004 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 9/584, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
1005 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 5/289; dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix: 5/357, gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`
 `vwo I Py‡ji weavb 449
MÖnYKvix cyiæl‡`i Dci Awfkvc K‡i‡Qb|Ó1006
DwjøwLZ `yÕwU wel‡qi cÖwZ jÿ¨ †i‡L bvixiv cÖ‡qvR‡b gv_vi Pzj wKQz cwigvY KvU‡Z
ev gyÛv‡Z cvi‡e| †hgb †Kvb RwUj †iv‡Mi Kvi‡Y AwfÁ Wv³v‡ii civg‡k© wPwKrmv
wn‡m‡e gv_v gyÛv‡bv Zv‡`i Rb¨ Rv‡qh| Avjøvgv Be‡b byRvBg ivn. e‡jb-
.‫اﻟﻀﺮورات ﺗﺒﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺤﺬورات‬
ÒGKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb (AcviMZvq) A‰ea KvRI ˆea n‡q hvq|Ó1007
KwZ©Z Pzj wewµi weavb
eZ©gv‡b wKQy gymwjg bvix weRvZxq bvix‡`i K…wó-KvjPv‡i cÖfvweZ n‡q gv_vi Pzj
wewµ K‡i _v‡K, hv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wb‡la| myZivs mvgvb¨ cqmvi Rb¨ GgbwU Kiv
gvivZ¥K ¸bvn| wdKn kv¯¿ Z_v Bmjvgx AvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K gvbyl I Zvi A½-cªZ¨½
AZ¨šÍ gh©v`vm¤úbœ nIqvq Zv µq-weµq I e¨envi m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wbwl×| Avjøvgv
AvjvDÏxb nvmKvdx ivn. e‡jb-
.‫ وﺷﻌﺮ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﻟﻜﺮاﻣﺔ اﻵدﻣﻲ وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻓﺮا‬...‫ﺑﻄﻞ ﺑﻴﻊ‬
ÒgvbeRvwZi m¤§v‡bi Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i Pzj wewµ mnxn n‡e bv, hw`I Pzj Kv‡d‡ii †nvK
bv †Kb|Ó1008
Abyiƒcfv‡e Bgvg Avjx Avj gviMxbvbx ivn. e‡jb-
‫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺠﻮز أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﻻ ﻣﺒﺘﺬل‬،‫ ﻷن اﻵدﻣﻲ ﻣﻜﺮم‬،‫ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﺑﻴﻊ ﺷﻌﻮر اﻹﻧﺴﺎن وﻻ اﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎع ﺑﻪ‬
.‫ ﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﻮاﺻﻠﺔ واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫أﺟﺰاﺋﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﺒﺘﺬﻻ‬
Ògvby‡li Pzj µq-weµq I Zv †_‡K DcK…Z nIqv DfqwU bvRv‡qh| †Kbbv gvbeRvwZ
m¤§v‡bi cvÎ; e¨env‡ii cvÎ bq| ZvB Zvi †Kvb GKwU A½I Am¤§vwbZ I
e¨envi‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv| ivm~j Bikv` K‡ib, A‡b¨i Pzj ms‡hvRbKvix I
Zvi mn‡hvMx Df‡qi DciB Avjøvni Awfm¤úvZ|Ó1009
gwnjv‡`i `vwo-‡Muv‡di weavb
gwnjv‡`i `vwo-‡gvP MRv‡j Zv gywЇq †djv ïay Rv‡qhB bq eis Zv gy¯Ívnve| Avjøvgv
kvgx ivn. e‡jb-

1006 Rv‡g wZiwghx: 2/106

1007 Avj Avkevn Iqvb bvhv‡qi: 1/251, B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgqv, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
1008 AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi: 5/58, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
1009 †n`vqv: 3/39, gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
450 `imyj wdK&n
‫ إزاﻟﺔ اﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺣﺮام إﻻ إذا ﻧﺒﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﺮأة ﻟﺤﻴﺔ أو ﺷﻮارب ﻓﻼ ﺗﺤﺮم إزاﻟﺘﻪ ﺑﻞ‬:‫وﻓﻲ ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺤﺎرم‬
.‫ﺗﺴﺘﺤﺐ اﻫـ‬
Ò†Pnviv †_‡K `vwo gyÛv‡bv nvivg, wKš‘ hLb gwnjvi gy‡L `vwo ev †gvP MRvq ZLb
Zv gyÛv‡bv Rv‡qh eis gy¯Ívnve|Ó1010

mZ¨vq‡b

gydZx b~i Avng` nvwdhvûjøvn gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx nvwdhvûgyjøvn

cÖavb gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g gydZx Avhg I wewkó gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g, nvUnvRvix
nvUnvRvix 30 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

gydZx RmxgyÏxb nvwdhvûjøvn

gyd&Zx I gynvwÏm `viæj Dj~g nvUnvRvix
12 Rygv`vj DLiv 1435wn.

mgvß
‫اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻪ اﻟﺬي ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﻢ اﻟﺼﺎﻟﺤﺎت واﻟﺼﻼة واﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻴﺪ اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء واﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﻴﻦ وﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫آﻟﻪ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ أﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬

1010 dvZvIqv‡q kvgx: 6/373, GBP. Gg. mvC`, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb

 451

MÖš’cwÄ

01 Avj KziAvbyj Kvixg ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬

02 iæûj gvÔAvbx ‫روح اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬
Avjøvgv Aveyj dhj wknveyÏxb mvB‡q` gvngy`
Avj Avjymx Avj evM`v`x ivn. (1270wn.)
gvKZvev‡q Gg`vw`qv, gyjZvb, cvwK¯Ívb
03 Avj-Rv‡gÕ wj-AvnKvwgj KziAvb (Zvdmx‡i ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻷﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
KziZzex)
Avey Avãyjøvn gynv¤§` Be‡b Avng` Avj
KziZzex ivn. (671wn.)
`viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨v, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
04 Zvdmx‡i Zvevix ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﺒﺮي‬
Avey RvÔdi gynv¤§` Be‡b Rvixi Be‡b
Bqvwh` AvZ Zvevix ivn. (310wn.)
Avj gvKZvevZzZ ZvIdxwKq¨vn, Kvq‡iv,
wgmi
05 Zvdmx‡i Be‡b KvQxi ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‬
nv‡dh BgvgyÏxb Aveyj wd`v BmgvCj Be‡b
KvQxi AvwÏgvkKx ivn. (774wn.) `viæj
KziAvwbj Kvixg, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
06 Zvdmx‡i gvhnvix ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮي‬
Kvhx gynv¤§` QvbvDjøvn cvwbcZx ivn.
(1225wn.)
gvKZvev‡h ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
07 AvnKvgyj KziAvb (1-2) ‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
hdi Avng` Be‡b jZxd Avj Dmgvbx AvZ-
_vbfx ivn. (1394wn.)
B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn,
KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
cÖKvkKvj: 1413wn.
08 AvnKvgyj KziAvb (3-4) ‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
gydZx kdx ivn. (1396wn.)
 452
B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn,
KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
cÖ_g cÖKvk 1413wn.
09 AvnKvgyj KziAvb (5) ‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
kvBLyZ Zvdmxi gynv¤§` Bw`ªm Kv›×jex ivn.
(1394 wn.)
B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn,
KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
cÖ_g cÖKvk 1413wn.
10 gvÔAvwidzj KziAvb ´ 7
³
gydZx kdx ivn. (1396wn.)
dix` eyK wW‡cv, w`jøx, fviZ
11 gvÔAvwidzj KziAvb ´ 7
³
kvBLyZ Zvdmxi gvIjvbv Bw`ªm Kv›×jex ivn.
dix` eyK wW‡cv, w`jøx, fviZ
cÖKvkKvj: 1421wn. 2000Bs
12 mnxn eyLvix ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
Bgvg Avey Avãyjøvn gynv¤§` Be‡b BmgvBj
ivn. (256wn.)
KzZzeLvbv iwkw`qv w`jøx; Avkivwdqv eyK
wW‡cv
nv`xm b¤^i dzAv` Avãyj evKx ivn. Gi
msL¨vbyµ‡g
13 mnxn gymwjg ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
Bgvg Aveyj ûmvBb gymwjg Bebyj nv¾vh
Be‡b gymwjg KzivBkx ivn. (261wn.)
Avkivwdqv eyK wW‡cv †`Ie›`, fviZ
nv`xm b¤^i dzAv` Avãyj evKx ivn. Gi
msL¨vbyµ‡g
14 mybv‡b Avey `vD` ‫ﺳﻨﻦ أﺑﻲ داود‬
myjvBgvb Be‡b AvkÔAvm Avey `vD` ivn.
Avkivdx eyK wW‡cv †`Ie›`, fviZ
nv`xm b¤^i dzAv` Avãyj evKx ivn. Gi
msL¨vbyµ‡g
15 Rv‡g wZiwghx ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬي‬
 453
Bgvg Avey Cmv gynv¤§` Be‡b Cmv AvZ
wZiwghx ivn.
Avj gvKZvevZzj Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`, fviZ
16 mnxn Be‡b LyhvBgvn ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﺑﻦ ﺧﺰﻳﻤﺔ‬
Avey eKi gynv¤§` Be‡b BmnvK Be‡b
LyhvBgvn Avm mvjvgx wbkvcyix ivn. (223-
311wn.)
Avj gvKZvevZzj Bmjvwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ,
†jevbb
wØZxq ms¯‹iY 1412wn. 1992Bs
17 gymvbœv‡d Avãyi i¾vK ‫ﻣﺼﻨﻒ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق‬
nv‡dh Avey eKi Avãyi iv¾vK Be‡b nv¤§vg
mvbAvbx ivn. (211wn.)
gRwj‡m Bjgx KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
wØZxq ms¯‹iY: 1416wn. 1996Bs
18 gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q` ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﺰواﺋﺪ‬
Avjx Be‡b Avex eKi nvBZvgx ivn. (807
wn.)
`viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb 1414wn. 1994
Bs
19 Avm mybvbyj Kzeiv wjj evBnvKx ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺮى ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬
Avey eKi Avng` Bebyj ûmvBb evBnvKx ivn.
20 Avj gymZv`ivK ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرك‬
Bgvg nv‡dh Avey Avãyjøvn nv‡Kg wbkvcyix
ivn.
`viæj gvÔ‡idvn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
21 gymbv‡` Avng` ‫ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬
Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j ivn. (241wn.)
gyAvm&mvmvZzi wimvjvn
22 mnxn Be‡b wneŸvb ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﺑﻦ ﺣﺒﺎن‬
Bgvg Avey nv‡Zg gynv¤§` Be‡b wneŸvb
†Lvivmvbx ivn. (354 wn.)
`viæj gvÔAvwidvn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1425wn. 2004Bs
 454
23 dvZûj evix kiû mnxwnj eyLvix ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺒﺎري ﺑﺸﺮح ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
nv‡dh wknveyÏxb Avng` Be‡b Avjx Be‡b ‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
nvRvi AvmKvjvbx ivn. (852wn.)
`viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1410wn. 1989Bs
24 dvZûj gyjwng ki‡n gymwjg ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻤﻠﻬﻢ ﺑﺸﺮح ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
Avjøvgv gynvwÏm kv‡qL kvweŸi Avng` ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
Dmgvbx ivn. gvKZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx,
cvwK¯Ívb
cÖKvkKvj 1419 wn.
25 BÔjvDm mybvb ‫إﻋﻼء اﻟﺴﻨﻦ‬
Avjøvgv hdi Avng` Dmgvbx ivn. (1394
wn.)
`viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖKvkKvj: 1418wn. 1997Bs I B`vivZzj
KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn, KivPx,
cvwK¯Ívb
26 AvIRvhyj gvmvwjK ‫أوﺟﺰ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻟﻚ‬
kvBLyj nv`xm Avjøvgv hvKvwiqv KvÜjex ivn.
`viæj wdKi ‰eiæZ,‡jevbb
cÖKvkKvj 141 wn. 1989 Bs
27 jvwgD` `vivix ‫ﻻﻣﻊ اﻟﺪراري‬
g~j ZvKixi: ikx` Avng` Mv½ynx ivn.
msKjK: Avjøvgv BqvnBqv Kv›×jex ivn.
GBP. Gg. mvC` †Kv¤úvwb KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
28 Avj gyÔRvgyj AvImvZ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺠﻢ اﻷوﺳﻂ‬
Bgvg nv‡dh Aveyj Kv‡mg †mvjvBgvb Be‡b
Avng` Be‡b AvBq~e Zvevivbx ivn. (360
wn.)
cÖKvkKvj: 1420 wn. 1999Bs, `viæj wdKi
ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
29 AvZ ZvnKxK dx Avnv`xwmj †Ljvd ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻓﻲ أﺣﺎدﻳﺚ‬
Avjøvgv Avey dviR Bebyj RvIhx ivn. ‫اﻟﺨﻼف‬
`viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
30 ki‡n †eKvqv ‫ﺷﺮح اﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ‬
 455
m`iæk kixÔAvn DevB`jøvn Be‡b gvmD`
Be‡b ZvRyk kixÔAvn gvngy` ivn.
gvKZvev‡q Avkivwdqv, †`Ie›`
31 Avb bvniæj dv‡qK ‫اﻟﻨﻬﺮ اﻟﻔﺎﺋﻖ ﺷﺮح ﻛﻨﺰ‬
wmivRyÏxb Igi Be‡b Beivnxg Be‡b byRvBg ‫اﻟﺪﻗﺎﺋﻖ‬
Avj nvbvdx ivn. (1005wn.)
Kw`gx KzZzeLvbv, AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
32 Avj webvqvn ‫اﻟﺒﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺷﺮح اﻟﻬﺪاﻳﺔ‬
gvngy` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b gymv Be‡b Avng`
Be‡b ûmvBb e`iæÏxb AvBbx ivn. (855wn.)
gvKZvev‡q bvCwgqv, †`Ie›`
cÖKvkKvj: 1427wn. 2006Bs
33 Avm wmqviæj Kvexi ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬
gynv¤§` Be‡b nvmvb Avk kvBevbx ivn.
(189wn.)
Avj gvKZve wjj nvivKvwZm mvIivwZj
Bmjvwgq¨vn, AvdMvwb¯Ívb
34 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q ‫ﺑﺪاﺋﻊ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﺋﻊ‬
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Avey eKi Be‡b gvmD`
Kvmvbx ivn. (587wn.)
`viæj nv`xm Kvq‡iv, wgmi
cÖKvkKvj: 1426wn. 2005Bs
35 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q ‫ﺑﺪاﺋﻊ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﺋﻊ‬
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Avey eKi Be‡b gvmD`
Kvmvbx ivn. (587wn.)
gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
cÖ_g cÖKvk 1419wn. 1998Bs
36 ev`v‡qDm mvbv‡q ‫ﺑﺪاﺋﻊ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﺋﻊ‬
Bgvg AvjvDÏxb Avey eKi Be‡b gvmD`
Kvmvbx ivn. (587 wn.)
GBP. Gg. mvC` KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
37 gvRgvDj Avbûi ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻊ اﻷﻧﻬﺮ‬
Avãyi ingvb Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b myjvBgvb
Avj Kvjqyex ivn. (1078wn.)
 456
`viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖKvkKvj: 1419wn. 1998Bs
38 Avj evniæi iv‡qK ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻟﺮاﺋﻖ‬
hvBbyÏxb Be‡b Beivnxg Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b
byRvBg Avj wgmix ivn. (970wn.)
hvKvwiqv eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1419wn. 1998Bs
39 dvZûj Kv`xi ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬
KvgvjyÏxb gynv¤§` Be‡b Avãyj Iqv‡n` Avm-
wmIqvmx ivn. (861wn.)
gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1421wn. 2000Bs
40 ZveCbyj nvKv‡qK ‫ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ اﻟﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ‬
Bgvg dLiæÏxb Dmgvb Be‡b Avjx hvqjvqx
ivn. (743 wn.)
GBP. Gg. mvC` †Kv¤úvwb, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
cÖKvkKvj: 1421wn. 2001Bs
41 kiû gyLZvmvwiZ Zvnvex ‫ﺷﺮح ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ اﻟﻄﺤﺎوي‬
Avey eKi ivRx Avj Rvmmvm ivn. (370 wn.)
gvKZvevZzj Kvixwgqv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
42 Avj gynxZzj eyinvbx ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻂ اﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎﻧﻲ‬
gvngy` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b Avãyj Avhxh
Be‡b Igi Be‡b gvRvn eyLvix ivn. (551-
616wn.)
`viæ Bn&BqvBZ& Zzivwmj Avivex, ˆeiæZ,
†jevbb
cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1424wn. 2003Bs
43 Avj gvem~Z ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺴﻮط ﻟﻠﺴﺮﺧﺴﻲ‬
kvgmyj AvB¤§vn Avey eKi gynv¤§` Be‡b
Avng` Avm mvivLmx ivn. (483wn.)
`viæ Bn&qvBZ& Zzivwmj Avivex, ˆeiæZ,
†jevbb
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1422wn. 2001Bs
 457
44 wgbnvZzj Lv‡jK ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﻟﻖ‬
gynv¤§` Avwgb Be‡b Igi Be‡b Av‡e`xb (‫)ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺤﺮ اﻟﺮاﺋﻖ‬
ivn. (1252wn.)
hvKvwiqv eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
cÖKvkKvj: 1419wn. 1998Bs
45 dvZvIqv‡q IqvjIqvwjwRq¨vn ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﻮﻟﻮاﻟﺠﻴﺔ‬
Aveyj dvZ&n RnxiæÏxb Avãyi ikx` Be‡b
Avey nvbxdv Avj IqvjIqvwjRx ivn.
(540wn.)
gvKZvev‡q `viæj Cgvb, gyeviK kvn, D`©y
evRvi, mvnvivbcyi, fviZ
cÖKvkKvj: 1427wn. 2006Bs
46 ¸bqvZzj gyZvgvjøx ‫ﻏﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻤﻠﻲ‬
Beivnxg Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b Beivnxg Avj
nvjvex ivn. (956wn.)
cÖKvkKvj: 2002 Bs `viæj wKZve †`Ie›`
47 iÏyj gynZvi (dvZvIqv‡q kvgx) ‫رد اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎر )اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى‬
gynv¤§` Avgxb Be‡b Igi Be‡b Av‡e`xb (‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬
ivn. (1252wn.)
hvKvwiqv eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1417 wn. 1996Bs
48 iÏyj gynZvi (dvZvIqv‡q kvgx) ‫رد اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎر )اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى‬
gynv¤§` Avgxb Be‡b Igi Be‡b Av‡e`xb (‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬
ivn. (1252wn.)
gvKvev‡q ikxw`qv, †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
49 iÏyj gynZvi (dvZvIqv‡q kvgx) ‫رد اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎر )اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى‬
gynv¤§` Avgxb Be‡b Igi Be‡b Av‡e`xb (‫اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬
ivn. (1252wn.)
GBP. Gg. mvC` †Kv¤úvwb, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
50 dvZvIqv‡q wnw›`qv (dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix) ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ‬
Avjøvgv kv‡qL wbRvg KZ…©K wjwLZ (‫)اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﮕﻴﺮﻳﺔ‬
`viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1429-1430wn. 2009Bs
 458
51 dvZvIqv‡q wnw›`qv (dvZvIqv‡q AvjgMxix) ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ‬
Avjøvg kv‡qL wbRvg KZ…©K wjwLZ (‫)اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﮕﻴﺮﻳﺔ‬
gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
52 dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺨﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
nvmvb gvbm~i Be‡b Aveyj Kv‡mg Avj (‫)ﻓﺘﺎوى ﻗﺎﺿﻴﺨﺎن‬
AvIhvRv›`x ivn. (592wn.)
`viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1431-1432wn. 2010Bs
53 dvZvIqv‡q KvhxLvb ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺨﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
nvmvb Be‡b gvbm~i Be‡b Aveyj Kv‡mg Avj (‫)ﻓﺘﺎوى ﻗﺎﺿﻴﺨﺎن‬
AvIhvRv›`x ivn. (592wn.)
gvKZvev‡h hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
54 dvZvIqv‡q evh&hvwhq¨vn ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ اﻟﻮﺟﻴﺰ‬
gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b wknve Be‡b (‫)اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺒﺰازﻳﺔ‬
BDmyd Avj Kvi`vix ivn. (827wn.)
`viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1431-1432wn. 2010Bs
55 dvZvIqv‡q evh&hvwhq¨vn ‫اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻊ اﻟﻮﺟﻴﺰ‬
gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b wknve Be‡b (‫)اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺒﺰازﻳﺔ‬
BDmyd Avj Kvi`vix ivn. (827wn.)
gvKZvev‡h hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
56 dvZvIqv‡q ZvZviLvwbq¨vn ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺘﺎﺗﺎرﺧﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
dix`yÏxb Avjg Be‡b Avjv Av`& †`njex ivn.
(786wn.)
gvKZvev‡q hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
57 KziivZz Dq~wbj AvLqvi ‫ﻗﺮة ﻋﻴﻮن اﻷﺧﻴﺎر‬
AvjvDÏxb gynv¤§` Be‡b mvB‡q` gynv¤§` (‫)ﺗﻜﻤﻠﺔ رد اﻟﻤﺤﺘﺎر‬
Avgxb Be‡b Igi Be‡b Av‡e`xb Avj
Avwd›`x ivn. (1290wn.)
gvKZvev‡h hvKvwiqv, †`Ie›`, mvnvivbcyi,
fviZ
 459
58 Avb byZvd wdj dvZvIqv ‫اﻟﻨﺘﻒ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى‬
KvwhDj KzhvZ Aveyj nvmvb Avjx Bebyj
ûmvBb myM`x ivn. (461 wn.)
GBP. Gg. mvC` †Kv¤úvwb KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
59 †LvjvmvZzj dvZvIqv ‫ﺧﻼﺻﺔ اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى‬
Bgvg dKxn Zv‡ni Be‡b Avãyi ikx` Avj
eyLvix ivn.
gvKZvev‡q nv°vwbqv
60 gvRgyÔAvZzj dvZvIqv ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى ﻻﺑﻦ‬
ZwKDÏxb Avng` Be‡b ZvBwgqv Avj ‫ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
nviivbx ivn. (728wn.)
`viæj Idv
cÖKvkKvj: 1421wn. 2001Bs
61 Avj-wdK&ûj Bmjvgx Iqv Avw`jøvZzû ‫اﻟﻔﻘﻪ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ وأدﻟﺘﻪ‬
W. IqvnevhynvBjx
gvKZvev‡q nv°vwbq¨v
62 Avj-gyMbx ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ‬
Bgvg gyIqvd&dvKzÏxb Be‡b Kz`vgv ivn.
(620wn.)
`viæj wKZvwej Avivex ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
63 Avj gyMbx ‫اﻟﻤﻐﻨﻲ‬
gyIqvddvKzÏxb Avey gynv¤§` Avãyjøvn Be‡b
Avng` Be‡b Kz`vgv ivn. (620wn.)
`viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1404wn. 1984Bs
64 Avj-gvRgy kiûj gynv¾ve ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع ﺷﺮح اﻟﻤﻬﺬب‬
Bgvg Avey hvKvwiqv gwnDÏxb web kid Avb-
beex ivn. (676wn.)
`viæj wdKi ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
65 ZvbKxûj dvZIqvj nvwgw`q¨vn ‫ﺗﻨﻘﻴﺢ اﻟﻔﺘﺎوى اﻟﺤﺎﻣﺪﻳﺔ‬
Avjøvgv mvB‡q` gynv¤§` Avgxb (Avjøvgv Be‡b
Av‡e`xb ivn.)
gvKZvev‡q nv°vwbq¨vn, Kw½ gnjøv,
†c‡kvqvi, cvwK¯Ívb I gvKZv‡q ikxw`qv,
cvwK¯Ívb
 460
66 Avj AvnKvgym myjZvwbq¨v ‫اﻷﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
Aveyj nvmvb Avjx Be‡b gynv¤§` Be‡b nvwee
emix Avj gvIqvi`x ivn. (450wn.)
`viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv
cÖKvkKvj 1427wn. 2006Bs
67 wKZveyj wdK&n Avjvj gvhvwnwej AvievAv ‫ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻔﻘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
Avãyi ingvb Avj Rvhvix ivn. ‫اﻟﻤﺬاﻫﺐ اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ‬
`viæ Bn&BqvBZ& Zzivwmj Avivex, ˆeiæZ,
†jevbb
cÖKvkKvj: 1406wn. 1986Bs
68 ZvKwiiv‡Z iv‡dÔqx ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮات راﻓﻌﻲ‬
kvBL Avãyj Kvw`i Be‡b gy¯Ídv Be‡b Avãyj
Kv‡`i iv‡dÔqx nvbvdx ivn. (1312wn.)
hvKvwiqv eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`, fviZ
cÖKvkKvj: 1417wn. 1996Bs
gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv †Kv‡qUv, cvwK¯Ívb
69 evIqvw`iæb bvIqvw`i ‫ﺑﻮادر اﻟﻨﻮادر‬
nvwKgyj D¤§Z Avkivd Avjx _vbex ivn.
(1362wn.)
KzZzeLvbv‡q iwnwgq¨vn, †`Ie›`
70 nvwkqv‡q ZvnZvex Avjv gvivwKj dvjvn ‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺤﻄﺎوي ﻋﻠﻰ‬
Avng` Be‡b BmgvCj AvZ ZvnZvex Avj ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﻲ اﻟﻔﻼح‬
nvbvdx ivn. (1231wn.)
gvKZvev‡q ikxw`qv, cvwK¯Ívb
71 eyûm dx Kvhvqv wdKwnq¨vn gyAvmvivn ‫ﺑﺤﻮث ﻓﻲ ﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﻓﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬
kvBLyj Bmjvg ZKx Dmgvbx `v.ev. ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮة‬
cÖKvkKvj: 1430 wn. `viæj Dj~g KivPx
72 Avj gvDm~AvZzj wdKwnq¨vn ‫اﻟﻤﻮﺳﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬
cÂg cÖKvk 1424wn. 2004Bs
73 wdKûh hvKvZ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﺰﻛﺎة‬
W. BDmyd Avj Kvihvex
gvKZvev‡q Iqvnev, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
25Zg cÖKvk: 1427wn. 2006Bs
74 gvIqvwneyj Rvjxj ‫ﻣﻮاﻫﺐ اﻟﺠﻠﻴﻞ‬
 461
Avey Avãyjøvn gynv¤§` Be‡b Avãyi ingvb Avj
gvMwiex ivn. (954 wn.)
`viæj KzZzwej Bjwgq¨vn ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖ_g ms¯‹iY: 1416wn. 1995Bs
75 Avj gvRgy ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
Bgvg Avey hvKvwiqv gwnDÏxb Be‡b kid
beex ivn. (676 wn.)
`viæj wdKi ‰eiæZ †jevbb
76 gvbûj Rvjxj kiû gyLZvmviæj Ljxj ‫ﻣﻨﺢ اﻟﺠﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺮح ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ‬
Avjøvgv Avãyjøvn gynv¤§` Bjøxk ivn. ‫اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻞ‬
gvKZvev‡q `v‡i mv‡`i
77 Avkivdzj dvZvIqv Yµ 7Ú
gydZx b~i Avng` `v.ev.
gvKZvev‡q mvgvw`q¨vn, euvkLvjx, PÆMÖvg
cÖKvkKvj: Rygv`vj Djv 1433wn. gvP©
2012Bs
78 Rv`x` wdKnx gvev‡nQ ·¸ 6 0 r¶
gvIjvbv gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg Kv‡mgx
B`vivZzj KziAvb Iqvj Dj~wgj Bmjvwgq¨vn,
KivPx
79 wdK&nx gvKvjvZ †b· 6
gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx `v.ev.
RgRg eyK wW‡cv
cÖKvkKvj: 1997Bs I b‡f¤^i 2004Bs
80 dvZvIqv Bev`yi ingvb »¼ &º Y¹
gydZx Avãyi ingvb †gvjøv wLj mv‡ne `v.ev.
`viæj BdZv IqvZ ZvnKxK, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
81 dvZvIqv‡q nv°vwbq¨vn  
r Y
-½
kvBLyj nv`xm gvIjvbv Avãyj nK ivn.
Rv‡gqv `viæj Dj~g nv°vwbq¨vn
6ô cÖKvk: 1430wn. 2009Bs
82 dvZvIqv‡q inxwgq¨vn ¯ Àr ¿¾
Aq r Æ
Y
nhiZ gvIjvbv nv‡dR Kvix gydZx Avãyi
inxg jvRcyix ivn.
hvKvwiqv eyK wW‡cv, †`Ie›`, fviZ
 462
83 RvIqvwniæj wdK&n Á ‰E
nhiZ gvIjvbv gydZx kdx ivn. (1396wn.)
gvKvZvev‡q `viæj Dj~g KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
cÖKvkKvj: mdi 1433wn. Rvbyqvwi 2012Bs
84 Rv`x` wdK&nx ZvnKxKvZ ¯¯ ¯
†Â q r 6 0 r¶
nhiZ gvIjvbv Kvhx gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg
Kv‡mgx `v.ev.
KzZzeLvbv bvCwgq¨vn, †`Ie›`, fviZ
cÖKvkKvj: A‡±vei 2006Bs
85 RvIqvwniæj dvZvIqv Yµ ‰E
gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx `v.ev.
Bmjvgx KzZzeLvbv, Avjøvgv webœyix UvDb,
KivPx
cÖKvkKvj: 1408wn.
86 RvIqvwniæj dvZvIqv Yµ ‰E
gydZx Avãym mvjvg PvUMvgx `v.ev.
eyLvix GKv‡Wwg, nvUnvRvix, PÆMÖvg
4_© cÖKvk 1419wn.
87 gvjveyÏv wgbû à € bS
Kvhx gynv¤§` QvbvDjøvn cvwbcZx ivn.
(1225wn.)
88 Bmjvg AvIi Rv`x` gvÔAvkx gvmv‡qj ij ¶0 r 
 š
gydZx ZKx Dmgvbx `v.ev.
dqmvj B›Uvib¨vkbvj, w`jøx, fviZ 
cÖKvkKvj: 2010Bs
89 Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv Yµ Å
gydZx ikx` Avng` jyaqvbex ivn.
GBP. Gg. mvC` KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
90 AvnKv‡g wh‡›`Mx 7K) Æ
gvIjvbv gynv¤§` †ngv‡qZ DÏxb `v.ev.
gvKZvevZzj Aveivi, evsjvevRvi, XvKv
cÖKvkKvj: iweDj AvDqvj 1428wn.
2006Bs
91 Kvkkvdz BmwZjvnvwZj dzb~b Iqvj Dj~g ‫ﻛﺸﺎف اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت‬
Avjøvgv gynv¤§` Avjx _vbfx ivn. ‫اﻟﻔﻨﻮن واﻟﻌﻠﻮم‬
 463
gvKZvev †jevbb bvwKiæb, ˆeiæZ
cÖKvkKvj: 1996Bs
92 BhvjvZzj Lvdv Avb wLjvdvwZj Lyjvdv ‫إزاﻟﺔ اﻟﺨﻔﺎء ﻋﻦ ﺧﻼﻓﺔ‬
nhiZ kvn IjxDjøvn gynvwχm †`njex ivn. ‫اﻟﺨﻠﻔﺎء‬
(1176wn.)
Kw`gx KzZzeLvbv, AvivgevM, KivPx, cvwK¯Ívb
93 dvZûj Kvixg dx wmqvmvwZb bvwewq¨j Avgxb ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬
Avjøvgv gykvwn` wm‡jUx ivn. (1971Bs)
‫اﻟﻨﺒﻲ اﻷﻣﻴﻦ‬
gvKZvev‡q Avngw`qv, wm‡jU
cÖKvkKvj: 1425wn. 2004Bs
94 wmqviæ AvÔjvwgb byevjv ‫ﺳﻴﺮ أﻋﻼم اﻟﻨﺒﻼء‬
Bgvg kvgmyÏxb gynv¤§v` Be‡b Avng` Be‡b
Dmgvb Avh-hvnvex ivn. (748wn.)
`viæj wdKi, ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
cÖKvkKvj: 1417wn. 1997Bs
95 hv`yj gvÔAv` ‫زاد اﻟﻤﻌﺎد‬
kvgmyÏxb Avey Avãyjøvn gynv¤§` Be‡b Avey
eKi Be‡b Kvwq¨g Avj RvIwhq¨vn ivn.
(751wn.)
Avj gvKZvevZzj Bjwgq¨vn, jv‡nvi,
cvwK¯Ívb
96 BnBqvD Dj~wgÏxb ‫إﺣﻴﺎء ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬
Avey nv‡g` gynv¤§` Be‡b gynv¤§` Mvhvjx ivn.
(505 wn.)
`v‡i mv‡`i ˆeiæZ, †jevbb
97 wjmvbyj Avie ‫ﻟﺴﺎن اﻟﻌﺮب‬
Avjøvgv Be‡b gvbhyi ivn.
`viæj nv`xm, Kvq‡iv, wgmi
cÖKvkKvj: 1423wn. 2003Bs
98 Avj gybwR` (Aviex-D`©y) ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺠﺪ‬
gviKvwR B`viv Zvejx‡M `xwbq¨vZ, Rv‡g
gmwR`, w`jøx
99 Avj gybwR` (Aviex-Aviex) ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺠﺪ‬
KzZzeLvbv‡q wgjøx, Bivb
cÖKvkKvj: 1380wn.
 464
100 Kvg~myj wdK&n Á \'Ö
gvI. Lv‡j` mvBdzjøvn ingvbx `v.ev.
hghg cvewjkvm©, D`©y evRvi, KivPx cvwK¯Ívb
cÖKvkKvj: 2007Bs AvMô
101 Avj gv`Lvjyj wdKwnqy¨j AvÔg ‫اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم‬
†gv¯Ídv AvhhviKv ivn.
`viæj Kjg w`gvkK
cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1418 wnRix

we.`ª. mgq¯^íZvi Ki‡Y MÖš’ cwćZ ïay eûj D×…Z MÖš’¸‡jvi bvgB D‡jøL Kiv
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