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K.Murugananthan,
Assistant professor,
Kamaraj college of engineering & Technology.
Virudhunagar.
Displacement
Difference between an object’s final position and its starting position.
Does depend on direction.
Displacement = final position – initial position
x = xfinal – xinitial
Velocity
Rate at which an object is moving.
speed = distance / time
Acceleration
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Sample Problem 1
SOLUTION:
• Draw a free body diagram
• Apply Newton’s law. Resolve
into rectangular components
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Sample Problem 1
Psin30
Fx ma :
Pcos30 P cos30 0.25 N 80 2.5
200
W mg 80 9.81 785 N Fy 0 :
F mk N 0.25 N N P sin30 785 0
Solve for P and N
N P sin 30 785
P cos30 0.25 P sin 30 785 200
P 534.7 N
9 N 1052.4 N
Sample Problem 2
F y mC aC T2 2T1 0
2940- 300 aB 2T1 0 2940- 300 aB 200aA 0
2940- 300 aB 2 200aB 0
aB 4.2 m / s 2 aA 8.4 m / s
2
T1 840 N T2 1680 N
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Sample Problem 3
Block
Wedge
WBsinq
aBn
aBt WB WBcosq
WB sin q mB aBt aA
12 30
12 0.5 aBt aBt 16.1 ft / s 2 N1 sin q mAa A 0.5N1 aA
32.2 32.2
N1 WB cosq mB aBn N1 cosq WA N 2
But aBn a A sin q Same normal acceleration (to maintain contact)
12 0.5
N1 WB cosq mB a A sin q N1 10.39 aA
32.2
a
13 A
5.08 ft / s 2
aBn 2.54 ft / s 2
N1sinq
N1
N1 N1cosq
WBsinq
aBn
aBt WB WBcosq
aA
aBx aBt cosq aBn sinq 12.67 ft / s 2 r r r
aB / A aB a A
aBy aBt sin q aBn cosq 10.25 ft / s 2
r r r
aB / A 12.67i 10.25 j 5.08i
r
30°
r r
17.75i 10.25 j 20.5
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Sample Problem 4
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Sample Problem 4
Resolve into tangential and normal components:
Ft mat : mg sin 30 mat
at g sin 30
at 4.9 m s 2
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Sample Problem
SOLUTION:
5
• The car travels in a horizontal circular
path with a normal component of
acceleration directed toward the center
of the path.The forces acting on the car
are its weight and a normal reaction
from the road surface.
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Sample Problem 5
• Resolve the equation of motion for
the car into vertical and normal
components.
Fy 0 : R cosq W 0
W
R
cosq
W
Fn man : R sin q an
SOLUTION: g
v 64.7 ft s 44.1 mi h
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Angular Momentum
r r
From before, linear momentum: L mv
Now angular momentum is defined as the moment of momentum
r r r
HO r mv
r
H O is a vector
r perpendicular
r to the plane
containing r and mv
Resolving into radial & transverse components:
HO mvq r mr 2q&
Derivative of angular momentum with respect to time:
r& r r r r r r r r
H O r& mv r mv& v mv r ma
r r
r F Moment of F about O
r
MO
Sum of moments about O = rate of change of angular momentum
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Equations of Motion in Radial & Transverse Components
Fr mar m
r rq
2
Fq maq mrq 2rq
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Central Force
When force acting on particle is directed
toward or away from a fixed point O, the
particle is said to be moving under a
central force.
O = center of force
Fr m ar
r& rq&2
0m & r r o
v
0
dv rq
ro
&2dr
0
vr2 q&
2
r 2
r0
2
Fq m F m rq&
& 2r&q&
vr q0 r r0
aq 2 12
& 2
F 2mq0 r r0
&
2 2 2 12
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