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saqarTveloSi gavrcelebul TeTryurZnian vazis mulasac~ eZaxian, xolo raWaSi igi `Tbiluris~ saxel-
jiSebs Soris mwvane farTod cnobili saxelwodebaa. ase wodebiT aris cnobili. adgilze warmoebuli dakvirve-
magaliTad, kaxeTis raionebSi cnobilia mwvane da nabada bebiT da gadmocemiT dasturdeba, rom es jiSi raWaSi
mwvane; qarTlSi _ goruli mwvane, mwvane, jiSiani mwvane Setanili unda iyos raWvel mezvreTa mier, romelnic war-
da lurji mwvane; mesxeTSi _ safaris mwvane; imereTSi _ sulSi farTo muSaobas eweodnen Tbilisisa da misi gareu-
okribuli mwvane; raWaSi _ mwvane; guriasa da aWaraSi _ bnis baR-venaxebsa da bostnebSi, saidanac es jiSi waiRes.
mwvane da mwvana da SavSeT-klarjeTSi _ mwvanura. werilobiTi cnobebi goruli mwvanes warmoSobisa an
rogorc Cans, saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela raionSia misi Semdgomi gavrcelebis Sesaxeb ar mogvepoveba. metad
`mwvane~ gavrcelebuli, magram dasaxelebuli jiSebi Ta- mcireodeni cnobebi am jiSis mokle daxasiaTebiT moce-
vianTi ampelografiuli niSnebiT da sameurneo TvisebebiT mulia i. yanduralovis (9), v. geevski da g. Sareris (8) da
mkveTrad gansxvavdebian, ris gamoc urTierTisagan garCe- akad. iv. javaxiSvilis (5) SromebSi. dasaxelebul avtorebs
vis mizniT TiToeul maTgans qarTvelma mevenaxem kuTxisa es jiSi mxolod `mwvanes~ saxeliT aqvT moxseniebuli da
an mxaris damatebiTi saxelic ki Searqva (kaxuri mwvane, rogorc maRalxarisxovani produqciis momcem jiSs, qar-
safaris mwvane, okribuli mwvane, raWuli mwvane da sxv.). Tlis vazis jiSebs Soris, uTmoben pirvel adgils.
aqve unda aRiniSnos is garemoebac, rom zemoT aRniSnul SedarebiT ufro dawvrilebiTi cnobebi goruli
mwvanis jiSis warmomadgenlebisaTvis samarTlianad Seur- mwvanes Sesaxeb mocemulia prof. s. ColoyaSvilis Sroma-
qmeviaT marcvlis feris amsaxveli saxeli, radgan sruli Si (4), romelic gorul mwvanes aTavsebs qarTlis endemur
mwifobis periodSi am jiSis vazis yurZeni, gansakuTrebiT vazis jiSTa jgufSi, iZleva mokle botanikur aRweras da
daCrdilul adgilebSi, ifereba muq an Ria mwvaned. miuTiTebs mis mTavar sameurneo Tvisebebze.
kerZod qarTlis TeTryurZnian jiSebs Sorois goruli goruli mwvanes vrceli monografia mocemulia sakavSiro
mwvane ZvelTaganvea cnobili, rogorc maRalxarisxovani ampelografiis meore tomSi, igi aRwerilia doc. n. CaxnaSvi-
produqciis momcemi saRvine jiSi, ris gamoc igi am mxarisaT- lis mier (11). am narkvevSi warmodgenilia jiSis botanikuri,
vis samarTlianadaa miCneuli ZiriTad standartul jiSad. agrobiologiuri da sameurneo-teqnologiuri daxasiaTeba.
mevenaxeobis literaturaSi da agreTve qarTlis sx- sokovan avadmyofobaTa da filoqseris SemoWramde
vadasxva raionSi igi Semdegi damatebiTi saxelwodebiT goruli mwvane qarTlis teritoriaze da gansakuTrebiT
aris cnobili: mwvane, suramula, TeTrfoTola, jiSiani mis centralur raionebSi farTo masivebis saxiT yofila
mwvane da lurji mwvane. gavrcelebuli. vazebi sakuTar Zirze iyo warmodgenili
adgilze SemowmebiT dadasturda, rom am jiSisaT- da formirebuli dablarad qarTuli wesiT, erT an or san-
vis `TeTrfoTola~ SeurqmeviaT axalgazrda ylortis ayofesa da samamuleze.
nawilebisa da foTlebis qveda mxaris mkveTrad gamosax- rogorc gadmocemiT dasturdeba, goruli mwvanes
uli TeTri qeCisebri Sebusvis gamo. mciremosavlian da produqcia gankuTvnili yofila ZiriTadad TeTri
Txelmtevnian variaciidan gamorCevis mizniT masobrivad xarisxovani sufris Rvinoebis dasamzadeblad. mis yurZens
gavrcelebul mwvanesaTvis uwodebiaT agreTve `jiSiani dawurvisas akupaJebdnen agreTve CinurTan da am ori ji-
mwvane~, xolo lurji mwvanes saxelwodebis mikuTvneba Sis narevs aduRebdnen Tavkveris tkbilze da WaWaze. amis
gamowveulia yurZnis sruli mwifobis periodSi (gansa- Sedegad iRebdnen istoriulad cnobil xidisTaur wiTel
kuTrebiT daCrdilul adgilebSi), rogorc marcvlebis, Rvinos, romelic Tavisi gemuri TvisebebiT warsulSi gan-
ise foTlebis muq lurjad Sefervis gamo. sakuTrebul yuradRebas ipyrobda.
saqarTvelos zogierT mxareSi goruli mwvane sxva- sokovan avadmyofobaTa da filoqseris moqmedebis Se-
dasxva saxelwodebiT aris cnobili. ase magaliTad: xaSuris degad goruli mwvanes gavrcelebis areali pirvel xanebSi
raionSi da zemo imereTis mxareSi igi sakmaod farTod aris mniSvnelovnad SeizRuda, magram namyenis warmoebaze ga-
gavrcelebuli, e.w. `qviSxuris~ saxelwodebiT (eWvgareSea, dasvlasTan dakavSirebiT jiSi kvlav aRdga da farTod
rom goruli mwvane qviSxeTidan gavrcelda imereTSi). gavrcelda, gansakuTrebTi Sida qarTlis raionebSi.
suramisa da xaSuris midamoebSi gorul mwvanes `sura- 1953 w. venaxebis aRweris masalebis mixedviT goruli
sul farTobi
sul farTobi
wavlo meurneobis vazis sakoleqcio nakveTSi. vazebi aqac
heqtarobiT
heqtarobiT
goruli mwvane)
goruli mwvane)
raionis raionis
qviSxuri (igive
qviSxuri (igive
goruli mwvane
goruli mwvane
dasaxeleba dasaxeleba
dablaradaa warmodgenili, damynobilia berlandieriXri-
paria 5 bb-ze da formirebulia Spalerze qarTuli wesiT.
axalgazrda ylorti. kvirtebi gaSlis periodSi da-
farulia qeCisebri bususiT da gadahkravs intensiuri
xaSuris 69,93 16,66 86,59 TianeTis 0,01 - 0,01
movardisfro elferi. zrdis konusi jer kidev gauSle-
qarelis 20,31 2,35 22,66 Tbilisis 10,46 - 10,46
li foTolakebiT mTlianad dafarulia qeCisebri TeTri
goris 127,05 - 127,05 staliniris 36,64 - 36,64
bewvisebri bususiT da wverisaken gadahkravs odnav mo-
kaspis 97,63 - 97,63 leningoris 40,83 - 40,83
vardisfro Seferva. pirveli axladgaSlili foToli, ro-
mcxeTis 91,51 - 91,51 znauris 16,46 - 16,46
gorc zeda ise qveda mxridan dafarulia qeCisebri TeTri
duSeTis 65,07 - 65,07 marneulis 5,11 - 5,11
TeTri
bewvisebri bususiT, xolo napirebs gadahkravs movardis-
2,09 - 2,09 bolnisis 0,32 - 0,32
wyaros fro elferi, gansakuTrebiT qveda mxridan ZarRvebs Soris
sul 572,97 19,01 591,98 areebSi. momdevno meore da mesame norC foTlebs Sebusva
zeda mxridan mcired axasiaTebs, xolo qveda mxridan isev
amave wlis statistikuri masalebis mixedviT goruli
qeCisebradaa Sebusvili, romelTac napirebisaken emCneva
mwvanes saerTo farTobi mesxeTis raionebSi Seadgens 2,92
movardisfro elferi. xSir SemTxvevaSi meore foTols
heqtars, aqedan axalcixis raionSia 2,63 heqtari, asspinZaSi
da zogjer mesamesac zeda mxridan axasiaTebs brinjaose-
_ 0,26 heqtari, xolo adigenSi _ 0,03 heqtari.
bri Seferva. Semdgom momdevno foTlebis zeda mxridan
goruli mwvane gavrcelebulia agreTve kaxeTis, imere-
Sebusva TandaTan mcirdeba da igi ufro xSirad ZarRvebis
Tisa da raWis raionebSi. aqve mogvyavs am mxareebSi jiSis
gaswvriv rCeba mogrZo bewvebis saxiT. axalgazrda foT-
gavrcelebis farTobi heqtrobiT (ix. cxr. 2).
lis yunwi mTlianad dafarulia moTeTro-monacrisfro
cxrili 2
bewvisebri bususiT da mowiTalo elferi gadahkravs.
goruli mwvanes gavrceleba saqarTvelos danarCen raionebSi
axalgazrda ylorti momrgvaloa; fuZesTan mniS-
farTobi farTobi
heqtarobiT heqtarobiT
vnelovnad dafarulia moTeTro-monacrisfro bewvisebri
bususiT, Sebusva ufro Zlierdeba ylortis wverisaken.
sul farTobi
sul farTobi
heqtarobiT
heqtarobiT
goruli mwvane)
goruli mwvane)
qviSxuri (igive
qviSxuri (igive
goruli mwvane
goruli mwvane
goruli mwvane aRwerilia goris raionis sof. wedisSi. zeda amonakveTi sakmaod Rrmad CaWrilia da xSirad
damTavrebamde gradusobiT
foTlis cvenis damTavreba
yurZnis srul simwifemde
dro kvirtebis gaSlidan
gaSlidan foTolcvenis
gaSlidan foTolcvenis
damTavrebamde (dReebi)
yurZnis sruli simwife
SeTvalebis dasawyisi
yvavilobis dasawyisi
dakvirvebis weli
dro kvirtebis
dakvirvebis warmoebis adgili
sof. wedisi (goris r-ni) 25.IV 6.VI 23.VIII 12.X 170 23.XI 213 3085
sof. xidisTavi (goris r-ni) 22.IV 5.VI 22.VIII 10.X 172 20.XI 213 3244
aRwevs normalur simwifes, rac mniSvnelovnad auare- simwifes aRwevs oqtombris Sua ricxvebSi.
sebs misgan dayenebuli Rvinis xarisxs. diRmis mevenaxe- Sesadareblad mogvyavs kaxeTis pirobebSi gorul
obis zonaSi sami wlis saSualo monacemebiT aRniSnuli mwvaneze mevenaxeoba-meRvineobis institutis bazaze war-
jiSi kvirtebis gaSlas iwyebs 20-22 aprilidan, e.i. ori sami moebuli fenodakvirvebaTa monacemebi (ix. cxr. 5).
dRiT dagvianebiT, vidre xidisTavSi (goris r-ni), magram cxrili 5
siTbos matebasTan erTad Semdgomi biologiuri fazebi goruli mwvanes biologiuri fazebis msvleloba Telavis zonaSi
daCqarebiT mimdinareobs da yurZeni srul simwifes 5-6 naleqebis
oqtombrisaTvis aRwevs. jami mm-iT
kvirtebis gaSlis dasawyisi
simwifemde gradusobiT
gaSlidan yurZnis srul
yurZnis sruli simwife
SeTvalebis dasawyisi
yvavilobis dasawyisi
goruli mwvanes biologiuri ganviTarebis fazebze
reproduq. periodSi
fenologiuri dakvirvebani 1940 w. Catarda doc. n. CaxnaS-
dakvirvebis
savegetacio
vilis mier (19) goris raionis sof. xidisTavis, staliniris
periodSi
weli
raionis sof. stalinirisa da mcxeTis raionis sof. qsovri-
sis venaxebSi. qvemoT mogvyavs am dakvirvebaTa Sedegebi
(ix. cxr. 4).
cxrili 4
goruli mwvanes biologiuri fazebis msvleloba 1945-1949 25.IV 6.VI 24.VIII 27.IX 155 3101,8 104,1 531,0
(n. CaxnaSvilis mixedviT)
rogorc me-5 cxrilis monacemebidan Cans, kaxeTis
biologiuri fazebis kvirtebis gaSlidan
pirobebSi goruli mwvanes ganviTareba ramdenime dRiT
dasawyisi yurZnis simwifemde
igvianebs, magram samagierod temperaturis momatebis
gamo Semdgom biologiuri fazebi daCqarebiT mimdinare-
yurZnis sruli simwife
dakvirvebis
yurZnis SeTvaleba
savegetacio
weli
warmoebis
yvaviloba
adgili periodis temper. jami bas. kaxeTis pirobebSi yurZeni srul simwifes masobrivad
xangrZ. gradusobiT seqtembris bolo ricxvebisaTvis aRwevs.
(dReebi)
vazis zrda da mosavlianoba. qarTlis pirobebSi gor-
uli mwvane saSualo zrdiT xasiaTdeba; gansakuTrebuli
movlisa da Rrma, Ronier, niadagur pirobebSi igi mZlavr
s. xidisTavi 1940 15.IV 8.VI 23.VIII 15.X 183 3450
zrda-ganviTarebasac ki aRwevs, TiTqmis amgvari ganvi-
s. staliniri 1940 20.IV 9.VI 24.VIII 15.X 178 3110 Tareba axasiaTebs am jiSs kaxeTSiac mevenaxeoba-meRvine-
obis sacdeli sadguris bazaze _ q. TelavSi. savegetacio
s. qsovrisi 1940 20.IV 12.VI 22.VIII 15.X 178 3370
periodis dasasrulisaTvis rqebi masobrivad sigrZiT 1,5-
rogorc warmdgenili masalebidan Cans, Sida qarTlis 2 m-mde izrdeba da yurZnis sruli mwifobis droisaTvis
teritoriaze calkeuli biologiuri fazebis dawyeba- igi 85%-mde aswrebs momwifebas, xolo foTolcvenis
damTavrebas Soris umniSvnelo gansxvavebaa. rogorc wesi damTavrebisas _ srul simwifes. am droisaTvis rqa mis
yvaviloba masobrivad iwyeba ivnisis pirvel dekadaSi, mTel sigrZeze Rebulobs jiSisaTvis damaxasiaTebel
yurZnis SeTvaleba 22-24 agvistodan, xolo yurZeni srul elfers.
cxrili 8
klerti
adgili wipwa
wveni
kani
nimuSis saerTo
rTveli Saqrianoba
nimuSis aRebis adgili aRebis mJavianoba
TariRi %-iT
weli ‰-iT
(goris r-ni)
diRmis goruli mwvanesagan damzadebul sufris Rvinisa da
saswavlo
saSampanure Rvinomasalis xarisxis dasadgenad Catarebu-
meurneobis
168 73 96,2 3,6 16,8 3,28 76,0 186 6,1 li iqna qimiuri analizi 1952 wlis mosavlis Rvinomasalaze,
koleqcia
(Tbilisis aqve mogvyavs am analizis Sedegebi (ix. cxr. 9).
gareubani)
rogorc analizis Sedegebidan Cans, goruli mwvanes
didi mtevnis wona 240 g. xolo mcire mtevnisa 72 g aR- pirveli nimuSi Tavisi qimiuri SedgenilobiT tipiur
wevs, saSualo wona meryeobs 126-dan 196,5 g-mde. saSualo sufris Rvinos warmoadgens, radgan masSi mocemulia
mtevanze marcvlebis raodenoba meryeobs 66-67-mde, did xarisxovani sufris RvinisaTvis damaxasiaTebel element-
mtevanze ki 170-mde aRwevs. Ta normaluri procentuli Sedgeniloba. ase magaliTad,
goruli mwvanes saSualo mtevanSi _ marcvali 96-96,5% igi Seicavs 11,8%-mde alkohols, 8,9‰-mde saerTo mJavia-
Seadgens; klerti 3,13-3,45%, kani 16,5-17,1%, wipwa 3,19-3,28‰, nobiT; mqrolavi mJavianobis simcire (0,58) Rvinis sisaRis
xolo wvenis gamosavali 76,8-77,2% udris. amrigad igi damadasturebelia; amave dros Rvino sakmao sxeuliT xa-
wvenis gamosavlianobiT savsebiT akmayofilebs saRvine siaTdeba, rasac adasturebs eqstraqtis raodenoba (24,
jiSisadmi wayenebul moTxovnas. 70). daWaSnikebis Sedegad Rvinom Semdegi Sefaseba miiRo:
100 marcvlis wona meryeobs 172-dan 186 g-mde. 100 Ria moCalisfro, nazi sakmao sxeuliani, harmoniuli, evro-
marcvalSi 165-175 wipwaa. 100 wipwis wona aRwevs 6,5-6,8 g. puli sufris RvinisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli sasiamovno ge-
erTwipwiani marcvlebi Seadgens 75%; orwipwiani 20%; sam- muri TvisebebiT.
wipwiani 4% da oTxwipwiani 1%. amave adgilebidan aRebuli meore nimuSi Tavisi SedgenilobiT akmayofilebs saSampa-
yurZnis nimuSebis tkbilis qimiuri analizi Semdeg suraTs nure Rvinomasalisadmi wayenebul moTxovnas da igi am daniS-
iZleva (ix. cxr. 7). cxrili 7 nulebiT warmatebiT SeiZleba iqnes gamoyenebuli; magram
goruli mwvanes yurZnis tkbilis qimiuri analizis Sedegebi goruli mwvanes wminda nargavebis ara masobrivi gavrcelebis
gamo, mis produqcias akupaJeben xolme umTavresad CinurTan
saerTo
rTvelis xvedriTi Saqrianoba da kupaJqmnili masala amJamad warmatebiT aris gamoyenebuli
nimuSis aRebis adgili mJavianoba
TariRi wona %-iT
‰-iT qarTuli Sampanuri Rvinis dasamzadeblad.
diRmis saswavlo goruli mwvanes produqcia meRvineobis TvalsazrisiT
meurneobis koleqcia 5.X 1,100 21,6 10,0
Seswavlilia agreTve prof. g. beriZis mier (7). dasax-
(Tbilisis gareubani)
elebuli avtoris mier warmoebda Rvinis qimiuri bunebis
sof. wedisi (goris r-ni) 12.X 1,990 22,5 9,1
Seswavla da gemuri Tvisebebis gamokvleva Sida qarTlis
mevenaxeoba-meRvineobis
institutis xidisTavis
umTavres mikroraionebidan da mesxeTis zogierT iadg-
10.X 1,987 21,8 9,8
eqsperimentaluri baza ilebidan miRebul Rvinomasalebze.
(goris r-ni)
qvemoT mogvyavs am analizis Sedegebi (ix. cxr. 10).
Rvinis mimarTuleba
rTvelis TariRi
alkoholi %-iT
mqrolavi mJavianoba
xvedriTi wona
saerTo mJavianoba
aldegidebi
eqstraqti
glicerini
nimuSis aRebis adgili
Saqari
tanini
PH
mevenaxeoba-meRvineobis institutis sufris Rvino 16.X 0,91 11,8 8,9 0,58 0,910 3,05 24.70 0,26 0,75 7,54
xidisTavis eqsperimentaluri baza 1952 saSampanure
(goris r-ni) 5.X 10,1 9,7 0,61 0,902 1 8,71 0,15 1 5,95
Rvinomasala
cxrili 10
goruli mwvanes Rvinis qimiuri Sedgeniloba da gemuri Sefaseba
gemuri Sefaseba 10
alkoholi %-iT
xvedriTi wona
nimuSis aRebis
niS. sistemiT
adgili
eqstraqti
glicerini
mJavianoba
mJavianoba
mqrolavi
daWaSnikebis Sedegi
saerTo
nacari
Saqari
tanini
qarTlis meRvineobis ZiriTad raionebSi, rogorc es jvrisxevi, xidisTavi, ateni. momdevno adgili eTmoba kaspis
analizis Sedegebidan Cans, goruli mwvanis Rvino ener- raions _ xandakis, zemo xandakis, qvemoWalis, kodiswya-
giiT xasiaTdeba. ase, magaliTad, goruli mwvanes Rvinoebi ros da kaspis mikroubnebiT. dasaxelebul mikroubnebSi
mejvrisxevis, xidisTavis, vazianis, mWadisjvrisa da sxva saSampanure vazis jiSTa Soris gorul mwvanes sapatio
adgilebidan, axali markis sufris Rvinis Seqmnis farTo adgili uWiravs, rogorc sakupaJe Rvinomasalis momcem
SesaZleblobas iZleva. jiSs xarisxovani Sampanuri Rvinis dasamzadeblad. goruli
Sampanuri mevenaxeoba-meRvineobis warmoebis Tvals- mwvanedan damzadebulma mza Sampanuris nimuSebma 1951 w.
azrisiT qarTlis raionebidan pirveli adgili ekuTvnis ianvarSi Catarebul degustaciaze `maRaraCis~ saqarTve-
goris raions masSi Semavali Semdegi mikroraionebiT: me- los filialSi maRali Sefaseba miiRo; 10 niSniani balidan
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