Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Intro Ergonomics PDF
Intro Ergonomics PDF
Indri H Susilowati
OHS Department
Faculty of Public Health
Universitas Indonesia
Email: indri@ui.ac.id
1
2
Background
World War II
design military equipment
Revolution of Industry
custom made product mass product
Problems:
Unmatch between products and user
3
Why Ergonomics?
4
Definition
Greek : “ERGON” and “NOMOS”
Ergon work
Nomos natural law
Professor Hywell Murrel – 8 July 1949
the scientific study of the relationship between
man and his working environment”
Human Factor
5
Definisi Ergonomi
ILO
“The application of the human biological
sciences in conjunction with the
engineering sciences to achieve the
optimum mutual adjustment of
man/woman and his/her work, the benefits
being measured intern of human efficiency
and well-being”
6
Definition of Ergonomics
BCPE, 1993
A body of knowledge about human abilities,
human limitations and human characteristics
that are relevant to design.
Ergonomic design is the application of this
body of knowledge to the design of tools,
machines, systems, tasks, jobs, and
environments for safe, comfortable and
effective human use.
7
Definition of Ergonomics
IEA (International Ergonomics Association)
“ The study of anatomical, physiological, and
psychological aspect of human in working
environment. It is concerned with the efficiency,
health, safety, and comfort of the people at work
at home and at play.
This generally requires the study of systems in
which humans, machines and environment
interact, with the aim of fitting to the humans”
8
System Interactions
Machines/
Human Tools/
Task/Material
Environment
9
System Interactions
Human
Machines/
Environment Tools/
Task/Material
10
System Interactions
Peralatan/
mesin
Manusia
kejar
Lingkungan
11
System Interactions
Demand
• metabolic level, force, moments, load,
work posture, etc.
Human Capacity
• strength, tissue tolerance, aerobic
capacity, anthropometry, reach, etc
13
The Objectives of Ergonomics
To enhance the effectiveness with which
work and other human activities are carried
out
To maintain or enhance certain desirable
human values in the process, health, safety,
satisfaction, etc.
14
The Twin Aims of Ergonomics
15
BENEFITS
Comfort
Ergonomi
Efficiency
Well-being • Physical
• Mental
• Production
16
Ergonomic as Science
Physiology Toxicology Anatomy
Management
Biomechanics
Engineering
Design
Ergonomics Environmental
sciences
Economy
Computer sciences
Occupational health & safety
Sociology Psychology
17
Development of ergonomics
Military Ergonomics 1950s
Industrial Ergonomics 1960s
Consumer Ergonomics 1970s
Computer Ergonomics 1980s
Information Ergonomics 1990s
Leisure Ergonomics 2000s
Space Ergonomics 2010s
18
Development of ergonomics
1. Physical Ergonomics
(human – machine interface technology)
Anthropometry
Biomechanics
2. Cognitive Ergonomics
(user – interface technology)
3. Macro Ergonomics
(human – organization – environment – machine
interface technology)
19
The Technology of Ergonomics
Micro ergonomics
1. Human-Machine: Hardware ergonomics
2. Human-Environment: Environmental ergonomics
3. Human-Software: Cognitive ergonomics
4. Human-Job: Work Design ergonomics