05222383

Project Contract Nr 1104 Revision 1.
3 (DP)
Unit 1 - Celtic Park - Newport
Sheet Nr 1 of 14
Calculation Design by KW Checked by DG/SD
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
Green Piling Limited · Smithy Brook Road · Renishaw · Sheffield S21 3JS · Tel: 08450 511 800 · Fax: 08450 511 811
PILE DESIGN CALCULATIONS
DRIVEN STEEL PILES
Validation 3.1
Verification 2.1 KW 207/15 DG/SD

Conceptual 1.1 Set and structural calculations KW 7/7/15 DG/SD
1.2 Amended for corrosion KW 20/7/15 DG/SD
1.3 Amended for Atkins Technical Note 179 DP DP DP
STAGE REV ELEMENT ACTION BY DATE REVIEW BY
Project Contract Nr 1104 Revision 1.3 (DP)
Sheet Nr 2 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
Contents
pages 1 Front Cover
2 Contents & References
3 Project details
4 General soils profile and design approach
5 Extract borehole section
6 Set calculation 177 OD Tube compression load load case 1
9 Suggested pile head detail
10 Structural axial capacity
11 Horizontal load capacity
12 Corrosion calculation
13 Eccentic check
14 Pile test report summary
References
British Standards Date Title Used
1 BS8004 1996 Code of Practice for Foundations 
2 BS5400 2005 Steel Concrete and Composite Bridges
3 BS 8110 1997 Structural Use of Concrete 
Euro Codes Date Title Used
4 BS EN 1994-1-1 2004 Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures - Buildings
5 BS EN 1993-5 2007 Design of Steel Structures Part 5 -Piling 
6 BS EN 1993-1-12 2007 Additional Rules for Steel Grades upto S700
7 BS EN 1997-1 2004 Geotechnical Design
8 BS EN 12699 2001 Execution of Special Geotechnical Work Displacement Piles
9 BS EN 12794 2005 Precast Concrete products- Foundation Piles
10 BS EN 14688 2004 Identification and Classification of Soils
11 BS EN 14689 2003 Identification and Classification of Rocks
CIRIA Reports Date Title Used
12 C504 1999 Engineering in Glacial Till
13 C570 2001 Engineering in Mercia Mudstone
14 C574 2002 Engineering in Chalk
15 Report 181 1999 Piled Foundations in Weak Rock 
16 Report 32 1984 Construction over Abandoned Mine Workings
17 Report 103 1984 Design of Laterally Loaded Piles
Highways Date Title Used
18 1600 Series 1998 Piling and Embedded Retaining Walls
19 1800 Series 2004 Structural Steelwork
Others Date Title Used
20 M J Tomlinson 2001 Foundation Design and Construction 7th Edition 
21 NHBC 2006 Chapter 4 Foundations
22 SCI 1997 Steel Bearing Piles Guide
26 Hiley 1967 Pile Driving Calculations 
Sheet Nr 3 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
Project Details
Green Piling have been appointed to design, supply, install and test (where required) driven open ended
steel tubular piles to form part of foundation for a new build industrial unit. The works will be undertaken
with due cognisance of the Atkins' Technical Note 179
Ground Investigation
RSK SI Jan 2015 - ref 301548/L01/mc
Specification
As Green Piling technical proposal SA/7659/001 dated 28th April 2015 and this design.
Drawings
7545 01 - pile layot
7546 02 - pile schedule
Pile Loadings
Vertical Load Horizontal Load Tension Load NSF assessment
Load Case kN kN kN kN
1 150 20 0 0
2 290 13 0 0
3 540 0 0 0
All piles are restrained in two directions by ground beams such that bending moments due to pile positional
tolerances need not be considered in the design of piles.
Pile Type
1 to 3 177 mm diameter driven tubular 8.9 wt Ab = 0.025 m2 As = 0.557 m2/m
Pile Specification
Steel Tube Piles are previously used API (American Petroleum Institute) casing to 5L spec
The grades are generally N80 to L80 which produces yield stresses of upto 552
kN/m2
Steel Reinforcement Connection Bars only

Generally piles are connected to the substucture to the structural engineers
specification with varying degrees of fixity at the head.
Instalation Criteria Dynamic Set - final pile lengths determined on site.
Settlement Characteristics Propose as below;

≤ 15 mm at SWL
≤ 30 mm at SWL +50%
Testing Propose as below;

3% dynamic working pile proof load testing
Sheet Nr 4 of 14
Pile Design
Date 19/08/15 Date 19/08/15
Generalised Soil Profile
Layer 1 Made ground/remediated ground
Layer 2 Clay (with bands of peat)
Layer 3 Gravels and sands
Layer 4 Clay
Layer 5 Mudstone
Piles are to be driven to dynamic set criteria in excess of those required.

Mobilised resistances for pile performance will be demonstrated by use of CAPWAP analysis
from dynamic pile load testing .
The soils information available is not extensive enough to enable static geotechnical
calculations for bearing capacity to be provided therefore for compressive loads piles will be
driven to a set calculated on page 6,7 & 8.
Site Investigation - general layout (extract taken from SI inormation)

Date 20/7/15 Con Nr 1104
Sheet Page 5 of 14 Project Unit 1 - Celtic Park - Newport
Initials KW Borehole cross section.
BH 261 BH 262 BH 273A BH 274
BH 269
0.0
MADE
GROUND
-1.0 MADE
GROUND
MADE
GROUND
MADE MADE
-2.0 GROUND GROUND
CLAY
-3.0
CLAY
PEAT
CLAY
-4.0
CLAY
CLAY
PEAT
-5.0 PEAT
PEAT
-6.0 CLAY
PEAT
PEAT
-7.0
Depth (m)
CLAY
-8.0
SAND
CLAY
-9.0
CLAY SANDY
CLAY CLAY
-10.0
GRAVELLY CLAY
CLAY
SAND & SAND
GRAVEL
SAND &
-11.0
GRAVEL
MUDSTONE
GRAVEL
MUDSTONE MUDSTONE
-12.0 CLAY
GRAVEL
-13.0
CLAY
-14.0
-15.0

Sheet Nr 6 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
SET
CALCULATION
PILE SIZE/TYPE Steel tube 177mm OD Load Category 540 kN

RIG TYPE/NUMBER Junttan PM20 Factor of Safety 2.00
DESIGN STATUS Final Hammer Weight 40 kN
Drop height 300 mm
Energy Factor 115 %
BASED UPON THE MODIFIED HILEY FORMULA (ref 25)
which states
Ru= E and thus, S= E - C

S+C/2 Ru 2
where, Ru = Ultimate Load Incorporating Factor of Safety (kN)

E = Actual Transferred Energy from Hammer (kNmm)
C = Total Temporary Compression of Pile and Ground (mm)
S = Set per Blow (mm)
hence Ru = 540 kN x 2.00 = 1080 kN

E = 40 kN x 300 mm x 1.15 = 13800 kNmm
C = 10 mm (measured on site)
Therefore
S= 13800 - 10
1080 2
S= 7.8 mm/Blow
Set for 10 Blows = 75 mm/ 10 blows
Sheet Nr 7 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
SET
CALCULATION

Drop height 150 mm
Energy Factor 115 %
which states

S+C/2 Ru 2

hence Ru = 290 kN x 2.00 = 580 kN

E = 40 kN x 150 mm x 1.15 = 6900 kNmm
Therefore
S= 6900 - 10
580 2
S= 6.9 mm/Blow
Sheet Nr 8 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
SET
CALCULATION

Drop height 150 mm
Energy Factor 115 %
which states

S+C/2 Ru 2

hence Ru = 150 kN x 2.00 = 300 kN

E = 40 kN x 150 mm x 1.15 = 6900 kNmm
Therefore
S= 6900 - 10
300 2
S= 18.0 mm/Blow
Sheet Nr 9 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
Steel tubular pile driven open ended do not require any particular head detail as part of
the pile design as the structural element of the pile is the steel tube itself. However in some
cases an unprepared pile head will cause punching shear overstressing in ground beams or
pile caps. We therefore recommend that the pile-sub structure connection is specifically
designed in conjunction with the sub-structure. For guidance purposes only we suggest
the following details to transfer loads to piles and to create some fixity between pile and
structure. reinforcement ( min 1no. T12/T16@1500mm)
blinding level
concrete infill minimum depth of concrete D
depth of concrete infill D can be

calculated using anchorage bond
inert material infilled fbu = 0.28√fcu including a factor of safety of 1.4
by main contractor
ie gravel or sand BS5400 & BS5940 recommend values less than
BS8110 however Shakar- Khalil testing using
similar CHS gives
2
plugged material Assuming C30N concrete fbu = 0.830 N/mm
Pile inside diamete d mm = OD - 2 t mm

Unit Area mm2/mm = pd mm2/mm Where SWL are less
3
Maximum Safe Working Load = P kN = x 10 N than the max then D
3 2 can be reduced but
Area required for SWL = P x 10 mm noting that minimum
fbu bond length for
Depth of Concrete Infill = P x 103 mm reinforcement = 40d
for connection bar to
pd fbu be effective
P OD t d D min required Depth

150 177 8.9 159.2 361 mm
290 177 8.9 159.2 699 mm
540 177 8.9 159.2 1301 mm
In practice we recommend a minimum concrete plug of 2m.
OPTION TWO
Mild steel Plate 6mm thick
Plugged Material
Plan
Sheet Nr 10 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
Section is analysed using equations in BS5400-5 ref (2)

Nu= 0.95 f``yAs + 0.45fccAc where f``y= C2 fy
fcc= fcu + C1 t/De fy
Nominal size 177.0 mm
Wall Thickness 8.9 mm
Corrosion 0.063 x 60 years 3.75 mm
net wall thickness t 5.2 mm
net external diameter De 169.5 mm
Internal diameter d 159.2 mm
Area of steel As 2659.1 mm2
Area of concrete Ac 19905.6 mm2
2
concrete grade fcu 30.0 N/mm
steel yeild fy 551.0 N/mm2
assume le = 3000 mm and le/ 17.7 C1 = 1.26 C2 = 0.93
f `y = 512.4 fcc = 51.09
Nu= 0.95 f``yAs + 0.45fccAc = 1752 kN
For axial load Nx = 150.0 kN FOS = 11.7
3 2
Mu=0.95 S fy(1+0.01m) where S = t ( De/t -1)
ultimate bending moment section m from Figure A2 using r and De/t
r =0.4fcu/0.95fy
Section ModuluS=t3(De/t-1)2 S 139106.3 mm3
r 0.023
m From Figure A.2 Chart with D 33 m 2.8
Mu=0.95 S fy(1+0.01m) 74.8 kNm
Mx = Mu( 1- k1 Nx/Nu) assuming k2 k3 = 0 obtaining k1 from chart 37 using l
0.45EcIc+ 0.95 EsIs = 1984.41 kNm2 LE = 3343 mm l= 0.90
75.5 l= 68 k1 = 0.8 from chart 37
Mx = design ultimate including axial 69.7 kNm
Youngs modSteel Es 210.0 kN/mm2
Youngs modConcreEc =450fcu Ec 13.5 kN/mm2
Moment InertiaSte I=p/64(De4-d4) Is 8986746 mm4
Moment InertiaConI=pd4/64 Ic 31531320 mm4
Similarly for other load catorgories
P OD De Nu fos Mu Mx
290 177 169.5 1752 6.0 74.8 64.9
540 177 169.5 1752 3.2 74.8 56.4
Sheet Nr 11 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
LATERAL LOAD DESIGN
Tomlinson equation 6.23 gives the ultimate lateral load on a pile as ref(20)
Hu `= Mx/(e+zf)
N where Mx=design ultimate moment of section
e= ecentricity of load =0
H zf= depth to point of fixity
normally 1.5m in stiff clays and compact cohesionless material
zf or upto 3m in soft clays and silts
zf is obtained using Tomlinson eq 6.34

zf= 1.8 T where T = 5√EI/nh
description of upper 3m of ground medium dense cohesionless material

from fig 6.20 nh= 18.0 MN/m3
for purposes of this calculation EIsection = EsIs + 0.6 EcIc

from previous calcs Es= 210 kN/mm2 Ec= 13.5 kN/mm2
4
I s= 8986746 mm I c= 31531320 mm4
2
EIsection = 2143 kNm
T= 0.65 zf= 1.2 m

from previous calculations Mx = 70 kNm
Hu= Mx/zf= 59 kN `Hw=Hu/γf 39.52 kN
> 20 kN
3
deflection can be calculated using d = H zf /12EI assuming fixed head conditions
d= 1.27 mm
Similarly for other load categories
P OD EIsection zf Mx Hu Hw fos Hallowed

290 177 2143 1.2 65 55 13 4.24759 37 d= 0.82
540 177 2143 1.2 56 48 0 n/a 32 d= n/a
Brohms analysis can be used to predict the imposed moment developed by horizontal loading
In more complicated cases or where otherwise required programs such as LPILE or ALP
can be used to model moment throughout pile
Sheet Nr 12 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
CORROSION CALCULATION
INTERNAL CORROSION
MICHEL TOURNAY CIDECT Report 10B-78/3

INTERNAL RESISTANCE TO CORROSION IN STEEL HOLLOW SECTIONS
There is no possibility of internal corrosion in hollow sections, when these are sealed at both
ends, whatever the environment in which they are found.
Jouko Törnqvist VTT BUILDING AND TRANSPORT

Corrosion of steel pipe piles Dimensioning based on empirical material
According to the guidelines, the corrosion of the internal surfaces of hollow, closed tipped and
grout-filled piles can be ignored.
Green Piling consider that internal corrosion will be neglible
EXTERNAL CORROSION
Corus Construction & Industrial
A corrosion protection guide for steel bearing piles in temperate climates
More recently, corrosion rates can be derived from the corrosion allowances published in
Eurocode 3 for service lives up to 100 years in non-aggressive and aggressive non-compacted
fills (long-term rates approximately 0.02mm/year/side and 0.06mm/year/side respectively)
ENV1993-5: 1997 Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures - Part 5: Piling /15/ (Table 8).
Table 8. Thickness loss from corrosion [mm] of piles and sheet piling in soils, above and below
water table.
Required service life 5 years 25 years 50 years 75 years 100 years
Undisturbed natural soil (sand,
0.00 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20
silt, clay,schist, etc.)
Contaminated natural soil and soil
0.15 0.75 1.50 2.25 3.00
of industrial areas
Aggressive natural soil (marsh,
0.20 1.00 1.75 2.50 3.25
bog, peat, etc.)
Non-compacted, non-aggressive
0.18 0.70 1.20 1.70 2.20
fill (clay, schist, sand, silt, etc.)
Non-compacted, aggressive fill
0.50 2.00 3.25 4.50 5.75
(ash, slag, etc.)
Note!
Corrosion rates are slower in compacted fills than in non-compacted fills. In the case of
compacted fills the above values are to be divided by two.
The values given are only indicative. Local conditions must always be considered.
The values for service lives of 5 and 25 years are based on measurements while the
rest are extrapolations
Federal Highway Administration Publication No. FHWA NHI-05-039

Micropile Design and Construction
Tests listed in Table 5-5 are used to classify the corrosion potential of the ground.
Table 5-5. Criteria for Assessing Ground Corrosion Potential (Elias et al., 2001).
Strong Corrosion
Test Units
Potential/Aggressive
pH – < 5, >10
In this case whilst fill is compacted and is unlikely to be aggressive

Assume losses due to corrosion to outside of pile only at rate of 0.065 mm/ year
Sheet Nr 13 of 14
Calculation Design by KW Checked by. DG/SD
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
The affect of additional loads on pile sections as a result of eccentric loading for say
when piles are deflected out of tolerance should be assessed by the structural engineer
in relation to cap or beam design and by the pile designer with respect to imposed
moment on the pile section
P
imposed moment M = P( e+d zf)

e
zf with some fixity of the pile head the
d imposed moment will be reduced by
a factor of γfix
Consider the following cases

Pile size 177 OD 8.9 mm wall thickness
For load P = 150 kN from previous sheets Mu= 75 kNm
Mallowed = Mu/γf = 50 kNm from previous sheets zf = 1.2 m
in this case factor of γfix= 1.5 ie reasonable fixity
Pile SWL e d In practice piles out of
Mw kNm
Number kN mm mm/m position unless in single pile
all 150 75 13.33 9 <Mallowed OK caps will share load or the
share of load will be re
ordered rather than moment
induced

Pile SWL e d
Mw kNm
Number kN mm mm/m
all 290 75 13.33 18 <Mallowed OK

Pile SWL e d Mw kNm
Project Contract Nr 1104 Revision 3.1
Sheet Nr 14 of 14
Pile Design
Date 20/07/15 Date 20/07/15
Pile load test summary
The tables below are extracts from dynamic pile load test reports for testing carried out. From inspection of
the below and the formal report it can be seen that the mobilsed resistances are in excess of those
required offering a factor of safety in line with this design submission.
Test pile installation Details
Installation Installation Drop/Set - Total Driven Working Load

Pile No
Date mm/mm for 10 blows) Length(M) Length(m) (kN)
Test results
Mobilsed Soil Resistance Estimated deflection

Pile No Type of analysis FOS
Shaft End Total at SWL at SWL x 1.5
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
#####
Pile No Installation Installation set (mm for Restrike set (mm for 10
Date 10 blows) Restrike date blows)
From inspection it can be seen that the pile rewstrikes have indicated pile set up and show no signs of relaxation.

05222383

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

05222383

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Project Contract Nr 1104 Revision 1.

PILE DESIGN CALCULATIONS

DRIVEN STEEL PILES

Unit 1 - Celtic Park - Newport

Verification 2.1 KW 207/15 DG/SD

RSK SI Jan 2015 - ref 301548/L01/mc

Steel Reinforcement Connection Bars only

Instalation Criteria Dynamic Set - final pile lengths determined on site.

Settlement Characteristics Propose as below;

Testing Propose as below;

Generalised Soil Profile

Layer 1 Made ground/remediated ground

Layer 2 Clay (with bands of peat)

Layer 3 Gravels and sands

Piles are to be driven to dynamic set criteria in excess of those required.

Site Investigation - general layout (extract taken from SI inormation)

1.3 Amended for Atkins Technical Note 179 DP DP DP

1.3 Amended for Atkins Technical Note 179 DP DP DP

PILE SIZE/TYPE Steel tube 177mm OD Load Category 540 kN

BASED UPON THE MODIFIED HILEY FORMULA (ref 25)

Ru= E and thus, S= E - C

where, Ru = Ultimate Load Incorporating Factor of Safety (kN)

hence Ru = 540 kN x 2.00 = 1080 kN

PILE SIZE/TYPE Steel tube 177mm OD Load Category 290 kN

BASED UPON THE MODIFIED HILEY FORMULA (ref 25)

Ru= E and thus, S= E - C

where, Ru = Ultimate Load Incorporating Factor of Safety (kN)

hence Ru = 290 kN x 2.00 = 580 kN

PILE SIZE/TYPE Steel tube 177mm OD Load Category 150 kN

BASED UPON THE MODIFIED HILEY FORMULA (ref 25)

Ru= E and thus, S= E - C

where, Ru = Ultimate Load Incorporating Factor of Safety (kN)

hence Ru = 150 kN x 2.00 = 300 kN

concrete infill minimum depth of concrete D

depth of concrete infill D can be

Pile inside diamete d mm = OD - 2 t mm

P OD t d D min required Depth

In practice we recommend a minimum concrete plug of 2m.

Mild steel Plate 6mm thick

Section is analysed using equations in BS5400-5 ref (2)

Similarly for other load catorgories

LATERAL LOAD DESIGN

zf is obtained using Tomlinson eq 6.34

description of upper 3m of ground medium dense cohesionless material

for purposes of this calculation EIsection = EsIs + 0.6 EcIc

T= 0.65 zf= 1.2 m

Similarly for other load categories

P OD EIsection zf Mx Hu Hw fos Hallowed

MICHEL TOURNAY CIDECT Report 10B-78/3

Jouko Törnqvist VTT BUILDING AND TRANSPORT

Green Piling consider that internal corrosion will be neglible

Federal Highway Administration Publication No. FHWA NHI-05-039

In this case whilst fill is compacted and is unlikely to be aggressive

imposed moment M = P( e+d zf)

Consider the following cases

Pile size 177 OD 8.9 mm wall thickness

Pile size 177 OD 8.9 mm wall thickness

Pile load test summary

Test pile installation Details

Installation Installation Drop/Set - Total Driven Working Load

Mobilsed Soil Resistance Estimated deflection

1.3 Amended for Atkins Technical Note 179 DP DP DP

You might also like