Outline of the Book
The Teaching Profession
Purita P.Bilbao, Ed.D.
Brenda B. Corpuz, Ph.D.
Avelina T. Llagas, Ed.D.
Gloria G. Salandanan, Ph.D.
By Melody Balangeg Danggoec Mangsi
Chapter One: You, The Teacher, as a Person in Society
Lesson 1: Your Philosophical Heritage
7 Philosophies of Education
Philosophy Why Teach
Essentialism Teachers teach for learners to acquire
basic knowledge, skills and values
Progressivism To develop learners into becoming
enlightened and intelligent citizens of
a democratic society
Perennialism To develop the students rational and
moral powers
Existentialism To help students understand and
appreciate themselves as unique
individuals who accept complete
responsibility for their thoughts,
feelings and actions.
“Existence precedes essence”
Behaviorism Concerned with the modification and
shaping of students’ behavior by
providing for a favorable environment,
since they believe that they are a
product of their environment.
Linguistic To develop the communication skills of
Philosophy the learner because the ability to
articulate, to voice out the meaning
and values of things that one obtains
from his experience of life and the
world is the very essence of man
Constructivism To develop intrinsically motivated and
independent learners adequately
equipped with learning skills for them
to be able to construct knowledge and
make meaning of them
What to Teach
Fundamental r’s – reading, ‘riting,
‘rithmetic and right conduct
Respond to students’ needs and
that relates to students’ personal
lives and experiences
Heavy on humanities, on general
education
Students are given a wide variety
of options from which to choose
Teachers teach students to
respond favourably to various
stimuli in the environment
To teach learners to use language
that is correct, precise,
grammatical, coherent, accurate so
that they are able to communicate
clearly and precisely their thoughts
and feelings
Learners are taught how to learn.
Searching, critiquing and evaluating
information.
Construct new knowledge.
How to Teach
Mastery of subject matter
Book learning is no substitute for
actual experiences – John Dewey-
Hands-on-minds-on-hearts-on
Centered around teachers –
teachers do not allow the
students interests or experiences
to substantially dictate what they
teach
Focuses on the individual.
Learning is self-paced, self-
directed.
Teachers “ought to arrange
environmental conditions so that
students can make the responses
to stimuli
To teach language and
communication is the
experiential way
The teacher provides students
with date or experiences that
allow them to hypothesize,
predict, manipulate objects, pose
questions, research, investigate,
imagine and invent
Lesson 2: Formulating Your Philosophy of Education
Philosophy of education includes your concept about:
a. The HUMAN PERSON, the learner in particular and the educated person
b. WHAT IS TRUE AND GOOD and therefore must be taught
c. HOW A LEARNER MUST BE TAUGHT in order to come close to the truth

Lesson 3: The Foundational Principles of Morality and You

Morality – the quality of human acts by which we call them right or wrong, good or evil.
- Your human action is right when it conforms with the norm, rule, or law of morality
- Man has intellect and free will. Intellect makes him capable of thinking, judging and reasoning. Free will
gives him the ability to choose.
Foundational moral principle
- The universal norm upon which all other principles on the rightness or wrongness of an action are based.
- It is contained in the natural law.
Natural Law – written in the hearts of men
- “Do good and avoid evil”
- 3 versions of the Natural Law (“Do good and avoid evil”)
a. Kung-fu-tzu – Do not do to others what you do not like others do to you
b. Golden Rule of Christianity – Do to others what you like others do to you
c. Immanuel Kant – Act in such a way that your maxim can be the maxim for all
- Ten Commandment
a. I am the Lord thy God thou shalt not have any other gods before me
b. Though shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain
c. Remember to keep holy the Sabbath day
d. Honor thy Father and thy Mother
e. Thou shalt not kill
f. Thou shalt not commit adultery
g. Thou shalt not steal
h. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour
i. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s wife
j. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s goods
- 8 Beatitudes
a. Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
(Be satisfied with what you have. Share the good things we have with others because God wants us to.)
b. Blessed are they who mourn, for they will be comforted.
(Comfort those who are suffering. Help others feel better about themselves after a loss.)
c. Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the land.
(Humility-a true sense of who you are. Get the ego out of the way.)
d. Blessed are they who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be satisfied.
(Do what is fair for everyone. Think WWJD)
e. Blessed are the merciful, for they will be shown mercy.
(We forgive those who are unkind to us. Look for ways to show kindness to others.)
f. Blessed are the clean of heart, for they will see God.
(We do what is right just because we know it is the right thing to do.)
g. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God.
(We try to bring God’s peace to the world. We control our behavior so people can see Jesus in us.)
h. Blessed are they who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
(We are willing to stand up for God’s laws even if we are teased or insulted.)
Teacher as a Person of Good Moral Character
- Code of Ethics of Professional Teachers “teachers are duly licensed professionals who possess dignity and
reputation with high moral values as well as technical and professional competence. In the practice of their
profession, they strictly adhere to, observe and practice this set of ethical and moral principles, standards
and values.”
 - You are a person of good moral character when you are:
a. Being fully HUMAN – you have realized substantially your potential as a human person
b. Being a LOVING person – you are caring in an unselfish and mature manner with yourself, other people
and God
c. Being VIRTUOUS person – you have acquired good habits and attitudes and you practice them
consistently in your daily life
d. Being a morally MATURE person – you have reached a level development emotionally, socially, mentally,
spiritually appropriate to your development stage

Lesson 4: Values Formation and You

Are values dependent on time, place and culture?
a. Idealists – there are unchanging and universal values. The values of love, care and concern for our
fellowmen are values for all people regardless of time and space.
- They remain unchanged amidst changing times, called Transcendent Values.
b. Relativists – claims that there are no universal and unchanging values that it is dependent on time and
place.
Virtuous versus vicious life and their effect in the will
a. Virtuous Life – strengthens you to live by the right values and live a life of abundance and joy.
b. Vicious Life – leads you to perdition and misery
Max Scheler’s hierarchy of values

•pleasant against the unpleasant, agreeable against the disagreeable

•sensual feelings
Pleasure •experiences of pleasure or pain
Values

•the well being either of the individual or of the community - health and
vitality
Vital Values •values of vital feelings - capability and excellence

•acts of preferring, loving and hating

•aesthetic values: beauty against ugliness
Spiritual •values of right and wrong
Values •values of pure knowledge

•absulute objects
•belief
Values of the •adoration
Holy •bliss

Values clarification
- The term value is reserved for those “individual beliefs, attitudes and activities that satisfy the following
criteria:
a. Freely chosen
b. Chosen from among alternatives
c. Chosen after due reflection
d. Prized and cherished
e. Publicly affirmed
 f. Incorporated into actual behavior
g. Acted upon repeatedly in one’s life

Lesson 5: Teaching as Your Vocation, Mission and Profession

Vocation – Latin word “Vocare” means to call.
- If there is a call, there must be a caller and someone who is called.
Mission – Latin word “mission” means to send
- You are called to be a teacher and you are sent into the world to accomplish mission, to teach.
- You are sent to accomplish an assigned task
- To teach is to influence every child entrusted in your care to become better and happier because life
becomes more meaningful. To teach is to help the child become more human
The elements of a profession
- Profession – teaching, engineering, nursing, accounting and the like
- Professional – teacher, engineer, nurse, accountant.
- Professional is the most exalted in the English Language
Teaching as you profession
- Service – the end goal of a profession
The “pwede na” mentality vs. excellence
- The term “Pwede na” indicator of defeatism and resignation to mediocrity.
- Excellence very much wants to accomplish something.
Teaching and a life of meaning
Teaching may not be a lucrative position.
It cannot guarantee financial security.
It even means investing your personal time, energy and resources.
Sometimes it means disappointments, heartaches, and pains.
But touching the hearts of people and opening the minds of children
can give you joy and contentment which money could not buy.
These are the moments I teach for.
These are the moments I live for.