Automatic brake description

Introduction
Automatic brake function on A35E and A40E is integrated in the machine's standard wheel brakes. The function
has as its task to act as an emergency brake, and is also intended to prevent maximum speed from being
exceeded. Also as part of this function, the engine and transmission are protected against overspeeding by
upshifting, and first when overspeeding is detected in maximum gear (forward or reverse) are the wheel brakes
activated.
For more information on the brake system, see 500 Braking system, description.
The automatic brake is activated in several ways:

{ When the brake pedal is applied

{ When overspeeding in transmission is detected at max. gear (forward or reverse)
{ When max. machine speed is exceeded
{ As emergency brake together with the parking brake

Function description
Control of the brake takes place via the actuator PWM5203. PWM5203 is on the load and dump brake valve and
controls the servo pressure which in its turn operates the position of the foot brake valve. When the foot brake valve
is activated by the servo pressure delivered by the actuator, the following happens:

{ Deployed brake pressure is delivered to the wheels on the front brake circuit
{ Servo pressure is delivered to the relay valve, which opens and deployed brake pressure reaches the
wheels on the rear brake circuit
{ Brakes are applied

when exceeding max. machine speed

If the machine's max. speed is exceeded then 100% wheel brake shall always be requested. The deployed brake
pressure will increase linearly from 0 – 100 % during 3 seconds. The function is interrupted when the speed has
dropped 2 km/h below max. speed.
Max. speed is detected by software based on current gear position, rpm in dropbox, and calculated machine speed.

Figure 1
Operator's display when max. speed has been exceeded: CheckVehicle speed limit exceeded

at overspeed
Overspeeding is the same as exceeding the protective rpm of the transmission/engine. Automatic brake is
requested when the protective rpm on the highest gear reverse or forward (R3/F9) is exceeded. The brake function
cuts out when the rpm drops back below the protective rpm.

Figure 2
Operator's display when overspeeding: WarningEngine overspeed

{ Max. braking is requested if the engine's protective rpm is exceeded for more than 2 seconds
 { Max. braking is requested immediately if the engine's max. rpm is exceeded
{ Max. braking is requested if the transmission's output rpm exceeds the protective rpm.

Overspeed is detected by:

{ Speed (rpm) sensor SE4212 for input speed transmission

{ Speed (rpm) sensor SE4307 for output speed transmission

as emergency brake
Emergency brake is requested:

{ when the parking brake is activated with switch SW5501 at a machine speed above 2 km/h
{ together with the parking brake when the accumulated brake pressure is below 170 bar (2,466 psi), which is
detected by pressure sensor SE5201 and/or SE5202

Emergency brake is deactivated:

{ when the electrical parking brake no longer is activated

{ when the machine speed is below 1 km/h

Software description

Input signal Reaction to incorrect input signal

Machine speed Assume that machine speed is 0 km/h
Current gear Assume gear position F1 (first gear forward)
Coolant temperature Assume that the temperature is above 120° C
PWM5203, Control, automatic brake Function interrupted.

Conditions for output signal Output signal

If current gear is in neutral, max. speed limitation is not Brake pressure is requested based on machine
activated. speed. The following applies for travel direction
If retarder activation is set to Off, no calculation is performed forward:
and the brake pressure request is set to 0 MPa.
Max. speed limitation is activated according to the following { Min. pressure requested when machine
conditions: speed exceeds 58 km/h
Min. pressure A35: 7 MPa
{ If machine speed forward exceeds 60 km/h Min. pressure A40: 6 MPa
request remains until speed drops below 58 km/h { Max. pressure requested when machine
{ If machine speed reverse exceeds 19 km/h speed exceeds 75 km/h
request remains until speed drops below 18 km/h Max. pressure A35: 16 MPa
Max. pressure A40: 15 MPa

The following applies for travel direction

reverse:

{ Min. pressure requested when machine

speed exceeds 18 km/h
Min. pressure A35: 22 MPa
Min. pressure A40: 19 MPa
{ Max. pressure requested when machine
speed exceeds 25 km/h
Max. pressure A35: 49 MPa
Max. pressure A40: 45 MPa

Request brake pressure is limited percentage-wise based on the Brake pressure limitation
coolant temperature.
 { No limitation at temperatures below 115° C
{ Max. limitation at temperatures above 120° C

Alarm conditions Warning display

Short-circuiting or open circuit detected to actuator PWM5203. Check

Brake system failure

Supplementary information
See also 500 Hydraulic diagram, brake system.
For more information on the foot brake valve, see 525 Foot brake valve, description.
For more information on the parking brake, see 550 Parking brake, description.
For more information on overspeeding transmission, see
420 Engine and transmission overspeed protection, description.
For more information on speed (rpm) sensor SE4212, see 3021 SE4212, description and measuring.
For more information on speed (rpm) sensor SE4307, see 3021 SE4307, description and measuring.
For more information on actuator PWM5203, see 3021 PWM5203, description and measuring.