CNC LATHE MACHINE

Some view Lathes as the only universal CNC Machine tool because a lathe can make all of the parts
needed for another lathe. A lathe spins the workpiece in a spindle while a fixed cutting tool
approaches the workpiece to slice chips off of it. Because of this geometry, lathes are ideal for parts
that have symmetry around some axis that could be chucked up in the spindle.

A CNC lathe is typically designed to utilize modern versions of carbide tooling and processes. A part
can be designed for customization, and the machine’s tool paths are often programmed using the CAD
or CAM processes. However, a programmer can manually design a part or tool path as well. The
resulting coded computer file is then uploaded to the CNC machine, and the machine will then
automatically produce the desired parts for which it was programmed to design.

Uses of CNC LATHE MACHINE

A CNC lathe can be used to produce plane surfaces and screw threads or in the case of ornamental
lathes, three-dimensional products that are quite complex. In any case, the work piece is held firmly in
place by one or two centres, with at minimum one being moved horizontally. However, material can
also be secured with clamps or collets.

- Some prime examples of finished items as a result of using CNC lathe machines include:
- Baseball Bats
- Bowls
- Camshafts
- Crankshafts
- Cue sticks

Objective
- To develop more understanding about development and principle of CNC
machine.
- To learn various type of modern CNC machines and CNC modes of operations.
- To understand the fundamentals of part programming in terms of the
v a r i o u s s t e p needed to be taken for completing a successful CNC program.
CNC MILLING MACHINE
Milling is the process of cutting and drilling material (like wood or metal). A milling machine,
regardless of whether it’s operated manually or through CNC, uses a rotating cylindrical tool called a
milling cutter. It is held in a spindle and can vary in form and size.

The main difference between a milling machine and any other drilling machine is the ability to cut in
different angles and move along different axes. For this reason, there are several kinds of milling
machines, which are designated by number of movement axes:

2-axis milling machines can cut holes and slots in the x- and z-axes. In other words, this machine will
only cut vertically and horizontally (but only in one direction).

3-axis milling machines add the y-axis. This is the most common variety of milling machine. You can
cut vertically and, in any direction, but an object like a sphere will need to be done one half at a time.
This is because, even with three axes, it’s not possible to cut from below.

4-axis milling machines are more complex because they add the ability to rotate the x-axis, similar to
a lathe.

5-axis milling machines incorporate rotation in both the x- and y-axes. This is the most
complete milling machine you can have. It allows you to shape bones, aerospace structures, car
models, medical products, and pretty much anything else you can imagine.

CNC milling machines can have any number of axes (2 to 5) but are operated through a computer. No
manual operation required.

Uses of CNC LATHE MACHINE

Digital technologies and CNC milling machines allow for the resolution of many problems which
cannot be easily solved using prior methods. The technology approaches the working process in a way
that’s both more effective and more efficient.

Here are a few other areas to which CNC milling can be applied:

cabinets

furniture

woodworking

instruments

aluminium machining

Objective
- T o u n d e r s t a n d t h e d i f f e r e n t p r e p a r a t o r y c o d e s as used in CNC part program
- To understand the advantages and disadvantages of CNC 
m a c h i n e s   a n d   t h e i r applications.
ROUND COLUMN DRILLING MACHINE
The round column section upright drilling machine or pillar drilling machine consists of a round
column that rises from the base which rests on the floor, an arm and a round table assembly, and a
drill head assembly.

The arm and the table have three adjustments for locating work pieces under the spindle. The arm and
the table may be moved up and down on the column for accommodating work pieces of different
heights. The table and the arm may be moved in an arc up to 180 0 around the column and may be
champed at any position. This permit setting of the work below the spindle.

This is particularly intended for lighter work. The maximum size of hole that the machine can drill is
not more than 50 mm.

Uses of Round Column Drilling Machine

 A drilling machine, called a drill press, is used to cut holes into or through metal, wood, or other
materials. Drilling machines use a drilling tool that has cutting edges at its point. This cutting tool is
held in the drill press by a chuck or Morse taper and is rotated and fed into the work at variable
speeds. Drilling machines may be used to perform other operations. They can perform countersinking,
boring, counterboring, spot facing, reaming, and tapping.

Objectives
To classify types of drilling machines

To Illustrate the general kinematic system of drilling machine

To state and visualize the various common applications of drilling machines