CHARACTER - SHORTAGE - NEED - DEMAND

Ar. Ravindra Patnayaka,

B.Arch, M.Tech Planning
Assistant Professor,
GITAM SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE,
Visakhapatnam.
 HOUSING
CHARACTER & ATTRIBUTES
CHARACTER ATTRIBUTION

• Spatial quality through grouping.

•Varying degrees of housing quality.

•Horizontal or vertical assemblage.
•Generating spaces with public, semi-public or private character.
•Collective housing : common path serving all the units.

https://densityarchitecture.wordpress.com/category/paper
 CHARACTER ATTRIBUTION

The individual unit is usually related to the terrain, benefiting of a court or a terrace and of
direct individual or paired access from the ground level.

This category makes the transition from individual housing to collective housing of a higher
degree of density.
 CHARACTER ATTRIBUTION

The block height is moderate, usually ranging between 3 and 5 levels; this height is traditionally
justified by the number of levels convenient for walking.

The block can be freestanding on the plot, it can have free sides or it can continue an existing
building by cleaving onto a party wall.
 CHARACTER ATTRIBUTION

The city block is an urban building flanked

on all sides by streets in relation to the
urban fabric.

The city block generally involves a large spatial diversity and a relatively high privacy degree.

Buildings ranging between 4 to 7 levels are ideal in terms of energy footprint, which is lower
than that of tall buildings.
 CHARACTER ATTRIBUTION

The high-rise type, also known as tower block, is represented by tall buildings with multiple
levels. There is no universal definition for the number of levels that determines a building to
gain this status; this height is variable according to different geographic areas.

This typology is justified by economic considerations, not only in relation to construction costs,
but also in relation to urban infrastructure and land resources.
DENSITY
 DENSITY
Plays an important role in determining the urban form.

Population density is defined building density

as the number of individuals or
households per given area.

The building density is defined as the ratio

population density of building structures related to plot surface.
TYPICAL DENSITY INDEX

Zoning Category Density (persons/acre)

Residential - single 5-35
Residential - multiple 30-100
Apartments 100-1000
Commercial 15-30
Industrial 5-15
Open 0
DENSITY
DENSITY - RISE MATRIX

DENSITY RISE

Low Density - Low Rise
LOW LOW

Low Density - Medium Rise
MEDIUM Vs MEDIUM

Low Density - High Rise
HIGH HIGH

Medium Density - Low Rise
High Density - Low Rise

Medium Density - Medium Rise
High Density - Medium Rise

Medium Density - High Rise
High Density - High Rise
LOW DENSITY - LOW RISE
LOW DENSITY - MEDIUM RISE
LOW DENSITY - HIGH RISE

rg luxury homes, Noida extension

MEDIUM DENSITY - LOW RISE
 MEDIUM DENDITY - MEDIUM RISE

Shree Manibhadra Group,Pune Residential Property

MEDIUM DENSITY - HIGH RISE

Sunworld Group Housing Sunworld Vanalika, Project by Sunworld Group

Housing in Sector-107 Noida, Delhi / NCR
HIGH DENSITY - LOW RISE
HIGH DENSITY - MEDIUM RISE

A Prudent Housing Solution, Roorkee

HIGH DENSITY - HIGH RISE

Public housing in Hong Kong

HOUSING SHORTAGE
HOUSING SHORTAGE:
A deficiency or lack in the number of houses needed to
accommodate the population of an area.

Unauthorized Housing sectors

HOUSING SHORTAGE

Tenements : Inevitable Vertical expansion and Intensifying Densities

HOUSING SHORTAGE

Squattered Settlements onto hill slopes

HOUSING SHORTAGE

Informal, Unauthorized shelter forms

HOUSING SHORTAGE

Pavement Dwellers
HOUSING SHORTAGE

Minimum Standards of life – In Abstention!!!

HOUSING SHORTAGE

Social Insecurity
 HOUSING SHORTAGE:
Distribution by states (in million units)

housing shortage in 2007, as calculated by the technical group constituted by the

Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation.
NEED - DEMAND
NEED AND DEMAND

Housing ‘need’ is an indicator of existing deficit: the

number of households that do not have access to
accommodation that meets certain normative
standards.

Housing ‘demand’ is a market driven concept and

relates to the type and number of houses that
households will choose to occupy based on preference
and ability to pay.

The term ‘housing requirement’ is sometimes used to combine

these two measures to generate an overall picture of the housing market.

“Population Projections with reference to Authentified Demographic data

obtained from CENSUS REPORTS, are required to assess the actual Housing
Requirement.”
 POPULATION PROJECTIONS

• Population forecasts depend on the amount and type of data available

• Population forecasts also depend on the resources available.

PROJECTION METHODS

1. Graphical
2. Decreasing rate of growth
3. Mathematical or Logistical
Arithmetic or linear
Geometric progression
1. Ratio and Correlation
2. Component
3. Employment forecasts
POPULATION PROJECTIONS

Example

Arithmetic or Zero Order

P = P1 + Ka (t - t1)

Ka = P2-P1 / t2-t1

P = population
t = time
Ka = arithmetic growth constant (dP/dt)
INNOVATIVE & FUNCTIONAL HOUSING
PROJECTS
 THE INTERLACE . SINGAPORE

CTBUH Urban Habitat Award Winner, 26 Jun 2014

Ole Scheeren of OMA introduces a new residential typology to Singapore with The Interlace, a
large-scale complex of interconnected apartment buildings stacked in an innovative hexagonal
arrangement, developed by CapitaLand and Hotel Properties Limited.
THE INTERLACE . SINGAPORE
NEED AND DEMAND

The Urban Tree project was designed by

Geotectura, and award-winning
architectural studio based in Israel
NEED AND DEMAND

mixed-use housing in the periphery of Milan

NEED AND DEMAND MISSION HOUSING