1/6/2020 Liquid propellant rocket engine

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Liquid propellant rocket engine

F02K9/48 - driven by a gas turbine fed by propellant

combustion gases

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1/6/2020 Liquid propellant rocket engine

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises onboard computer, electric power source, oxidiser turbo pump including main
turbine, pumps and starting turbine, propellant gas generator, external compressed air bottle connected via high-pressure
pipeline and external valve, fast-release connector, check valve and onboard pipeline to starting turbine, and igniters on
combustion chamber and oxidiser gas generator. In compliance with this invention it additionally comprises propellant turbo
pump unit with second main turbine, propellant pump and second booster turbine, and propellant gas generator integrated with
propellant turbo pump unit. Second booster turbine is connected via pipeline including starting valve with main turbine outlet.
Oxidiser turbo pump unit comprises oxidiser pump and extra oxidiser pump. Oxidiser gas generator may be arranged between
main turbine and oxidiser pump. Propellant gas generator may be arranged above second main turbine. Propellant gas
generator sidewall allows regenerative cooling and comprises inner and outer spaced apart shells.

EFFECT: improved specific characteristics, higher reliability, multifold starting.

17 cl, 5 dwg

The invention relates to liquid propellant rocket engines rocket engines, mainly the first rocket stages and is aimed at improving the
management of the missile on which it is mounted, and a significant improvement of its many features: range, accuracy,
invulnerability, etc.

Known liquid-propellant rocket engine for RF patent for the invention №2095607 designed for use in space boosters, speed
boosters, and as the main engine of the spacecraft, includes a combustion chamber regenerative cooling channel, the pumps
components - fuel and oxidant with the turbine on the same shaft, which introduced the capacitor. The output capacitor on the
refrigerant line connected to the inlet into the combustion chamber and the entrance to the path of the regenerative cooling of the
combustion chamber. The output of the capacitor to the line of fluid connected to the inlet to pump one of the components. The
output of the pump of the same component in communication with the inlet of the condenser in the refrigerant line. The second
input capacitor is in communication with the outlet of the turbine. The pump outlet of another component in communication with the
entrance into the combustion chamber. The disadvantage of the engine is the deterioration of the cavitation properties of the pump
when the bypass condensate.

The known method of operation of rocket engines and liquid-propellant rocket engine for patent Rfna invention No. 2187684. The
method of operation of a liquid-propellant rocket engine is the component feeding fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine,
the gasification of one of the components in the path of the cooling of the combustion chamber, supplying it on the turbopump
turbine unit with subsequent discharge to the nozzle head of the combustion chamber. Part of the expense of one of the
components of the fuel is directed into the combustion chamber, and the remaining part is gasified and is directed to the turbine of
the turbopump assemblies. Exhaust turbines on the gaseous component is mixed with a liquid component flowing into the engine
at a pressure higher than the vapour pressure of the resulting mixture. Liquid propellant rocket engine comprises a combustion

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chamber with a tract of regenerative cooling, pumps supply fuel components and turbine. The engine contains a set of sequentially
before the pump is one of the components of the main fuel turbopump Assembly booster pump turbopump Assembly and the
mixer. The output of the main pump turbopump Assembly is connected with the nozzle head of the combustion chamber and the
path of the regenerative cooling of the combustion chamber. Tract regenerative cooling, in turn, is associated with the turbines of
the main and booster turbopump units whose outputs are connected to the mixer.

The disadvantage of this is th scheme is that heat removed in cooling the combustion chamber, may be insufficient to drive the
turbopump Assembly of the engine of great power.

Known LRE by RF patent for the invention №2190114, IPC 7 F02K 9/48, publ. 27.09.2002, This rocket engine includes a
combustion chamber with a tract of regenerative cooling, turbopump Assembly TNA pumps oxidant and fuel output line which is
connected to the cylinder combustion chamber, the main turbine and the drive circuit of the main turbine. In the circuit drive the
main turbine are connected in series between a fuel pump and a tract of regenerative cooling of the combustion chamber, which is
connected to the input of the main turbine. The output from the turbine TNA is connected to the input of the second stage pump
fuel.

This engine has a significant drawback. Bypass heated in the path of the regenerative cooling of the combustion chamber fuel
input to the second stage pump fuel will lead to cavitation. Most LRE use such components in the fuel, the oxidant flow is almost
always more fuel consumption. Therefore, for a powerful rocket engine having great traction and a lot of pressure in the
combustion chamber, this scheme is unacceptable, because the fuel consumption will not be enough to cool the combustion
chamber and drive the main turbine.

In addition to t the th, not designed launch system rocket engine, ignition system components and fuel cut-off system rocket engine
and clean the rest of the fuel in the path of the regenerative cooling of the combustion chamber.

Known liquid-propellant rocket engine for RF patent for the invention №2232915, publ. 10.09.2003, which contains a camera,
turbopump Assembly, generator, system startup, means for igniting the fuel components and fuel line. The output of the oxidizer
pump is connected to the input of the generator. The output of the first stage fuel pump connected to the channels of regenerative
cooling chamber and from the mixing head. The output of the second stage pump connected to the fuel flow regulator with electric
drive. The other input of the regulator is connected with a starting tank with regular fuel. The output of the regulator is connected to
the gas generator. The output of the gas generator connected to the turbine inlet turbopump unit, the output of which is connected
to a mixing head. The flow regulator is equipped with a hydraulic drive preliminary stages, through which the cavitating jet,
hydrocele connected with starting a tank with regular fuel. Hydrocele connected with the second stage of the fuel pump. The choke
installed on the output of the first stage fuel pump, done in conjunction with a controlled valve preliminary stages.

The disadvantage is a complex pneumatic-hydraulic circuit of the engine, the large number of valves and regulators and uniting
piping and as a result, a large weight and low reliability and problems at start-up and shutdown of the engine.

Famous rocket engine containing a combustion chamber with a nozzle, a gas generator and turbopump Assembly containing
pumps oxidant, fuel and starting the turbine, it also contains a cylinder of high pressure air is connected through the valve to the
turbine starting, and ignition device for the combustion chamber and the gas generator.

The disadvantages of this design are the following:

1. Forcing LRE increase in pressure in the combustion chamber is limited by the pressure of 200..250 ATM. Further increase in
pressure will require increasing the capacity of the turbine TNA to hundreds of thousand kW, which is theoretically possible by
increasing the gas temperature before the turbine TNA, but not feasible because of the strength reduction and resource parts of
the turbine rotor.

2. In TNA uses both fuel and oxidizer very high pressure, in their interaction possible spontaneous combustion, explosion and
destruction of TNA.

3. LRE allows only one-time inclusion in flight.

4. Insufficient control operation of the rocket engine and the complexity of the thrust vector control.

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Reusable inclusion is used in the small is snych LRE last stage boosters. To use a similar system of ignition of the fuel in the first
stages is problematic, as it requires to have a powerful source of energy to run LRE (spin rotor TNA and igniters) due to the high
costs of oxidizer and fuel, often at a low temperature (cryogenic propellants).

The objective of the invention is to improve specific characteristics of LRE, increase its reliability and providing reusable launch
rocket engine in the first place LPRE first stages of missiles.

These objectives are achieved in liquid-propellant rocket engine, containing an onboard computer and a power source, turbopump
Assembly oxidant containing, in turn, the main turbine, pumps and starting the turbine, the gas generator oxidizer, combined with
turbopump Assembly oxidant, as well as the outer cylinder of the high pressure air connected external high pressure pipeline
through an external valve, quick disconnect and return it to the starting turbine and ignition device for the combustion chamber and
the gas generator oxidizer, because, according to the invention it further comprises a turbopump Assembly of fuel from the second
main turbine, pump fuel and the second starting turbine and generator fuel, combined the turbopump Assembly fuel and the
second starting turbine is connected by a pipe containing starting valve, with the output of the main turbine, turbopump Assembly
oxidizer contains the oxidizer pump and additional oxidizer pump.

The combustion chamber includes a cylinder, a cylindrical part, nozzle, two upper reservoir in the upper part of the cylindrical part
of the nozzle and one lower reservoir in the lower part of the nozzle, the output of the main turbine turbopump Assembly oxidizer
connected gazivoda with the cylinder combustion chamber, and exits the fuel pump is connected to the lower header, the output
from the second upper manifold connected to the fuel gas generator, and the output of the main turbine turbopump Assembly of
fuel connected to the first upper manifold. On the combustion chamber and the gas generator installed, at least two groups of the
firing device, and the number of groups in the combustion chamber and the gas generators are the same, the system is a control
switch connected to the electrical connections on one side with an onboard computer, and on the other hand with groups igniting
devices. For starting the turbine is attached to at least one external cylinder air high pressure pipe high pressure through the valve.
Liquid propellant rocket engine may contain a Central hinge, made on gazivode on the si combustion. The Central hinge may be
made cylindrical. The Central hinge may be made spherical. Liquid propellant rocket engine may contain sensors speed shaft
turbopump assemblies, United electrical communication with the onboard computer. Turbopump units and the combustion
chamber can be installed in the same plane symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber and a
longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber. Shaft turbopump units are made to rotate in opposite
directions. Turbopump units can be made of the same weight. The combustion chamber may be made of the power ring to which is
attached one or two pairs of actuators for thrust vector control.

The gas generator oxidizer can be installed between the first main turbine and the oxidizer pump. The fuel gas generator can be
mounted on the second main turbine. Gasovod can be made U-shaped form with rounded corners. The pipeline gasified fuel is
made straightforward.

The side wall of the gas generator fuel can be made with the possibility of regenerative cooling and contains an inner and outer
shell with a gap between them.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, f is 1...5, where:

- figure 1 shows the scheme of LRE,

- figure 2 is a diagram LRE reusable launch

- figure 3 shows a switching diagram of the firing devices

- figure 4 is a diagram of the swing LRE in the same plane,

- figure 5 is a diagram of the swing LRE in two planes.

Liquid propellant rocket engine is a rocket engine (1...5) comprises a combustion chamber 1 with the nozzle 2, turbopump
Assembly oxidant TNA 3 turbopump and the fuel Assembly 4 mounted on the combustion chamber 1 by means of tie rods 5.

The combustion chamber 1 (Fig 1) contains the cylinder 6 and the cylindrical portion 7, the nozzle 2 includes a tapering portion 8
and extending part 9 with the lower manifold 10. The combustion chamber 1 has two upper collector, respectively, of the first 11
and second 12.
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As tapering 8 and 9 expanding portion of the nozzle 2 is made with the possibility of regenerative cooling and contain two walls: an
inner wall 13 and outer wall 14 with a gap 15 between them for the passage of cooling fuel. The cavity gap 15 communicates with
the cavity of the lower manifold 10.

Turbopump Assembly oxidizer 3 contains the main turbine 16, the oxidizer pump 17, an additional oxidizer pump 18, starting the
turbine 19, is attached to the exhaust pipe 20. Coaxially with TNA oxidizer 3 is installed and fixed to the gas generator oxidizer 21,
which gazivoda 22 is coupled to the head 6 of the combustion chamber 1. Gasovod 22 can be made U-shaped form with rounded
corners to minimize pressure loss "sour" gas. TNA oxidizer 3 is mounted on the shaft 23, the speed sensor 24.

Turbopump Assembly fuel 4 contains the main turbine 25, the fuel pump 26, the second of starting the turbine 27, which is
attached with the exhaust pipe 28. Coaxially with TNA fuel 4 is installed and fixed the fuel gas generator 29, which pipeline gasified
fuel 30 is connected to the first upper header 11 of the combustion chamber 1. The pipeline gasified fuel is made straightforward to
minimize pressure losses therein. TNA fuel 4 is mounted on the shaft 31, the speed sensor 32.

Inside the combustion chamber 1 (Fig 1) is made of the outer plate 33, the middle plate 34 and the inner plate 35 with a gap
(cavity) between 36 and 37. The cavity 36 communicates with the cavity of the first upper reservoir 11, the cavity 37 with the cavity
of the second upper manifold 12. Inside the head 6 of the combustion chamber 1 is installed in the oxidizer injector 38 and the fuel
injector 39. Injector oxidizer 38 report of the cavity 40 with an internal cavity 41 of the combustion chamber 1. Fuel nozzles 39
report of the cavity 37 with an internal cavity 41.

To the lower manifold 10 is connected to the fuel pipeline 42 is installed on the first fuel valve 43, the entrance to the which the fuel
pipeline 42 is connected to the output of the fuel pump 26. The output from the second upper manifold 11 is connected by a high
pressure fuel line 44 containing valve high pressure fuel 45 - fuel gas generator 29, specifically with its manifold 46. The output of
the fuel pump 26 by a pipe 47, containing the flow regulator fuel 48 to the actuator 49 and the fuel valve high pressure 50 is
connected to the gas generator oxidizer 21. The exit of the oxidizer pump 17 pipeline oxidant 51 is connected to the input in the
additional oxidizer pump 18 and pipeline oxidant 52 through the oxidizer valve 53 is connected to the gas generator oxidizer 21. To
the fuel gas generator 29 is connected to the pipeline oxidant 54 containing the flow regulator oxidant 55 to the actuator 56 and the
second oxidizer valve 57. Additional oxidizer pump 18 pumps 7...10% of the total flow rate of the oxidant with very high pressure.
The fuel pump 26 generates a very high pressure (up to 1000...1200 ATM.) for total fuel consumption that is achieved by using
multi-stage pump (figure 1 shows the fuel pump 26 with two stages, but you can use 3 or more speed pump).

The gas generator oxidizer 21 has an internal annular cavity 58 and is placed between the first main turbine 16 and the oxidizer
pump 17. The gas generator oxidizer 21 has a nozzle oxidizer and fuel, sootvetstvenno is - 59 and 60, the fuel gas generator 29 is
also injector oxidizer and fuel 61 and 62. On the head 6 of the combustion chamber 1 is installed ignition device 63 (Fig 1 and 2),
gas generator oxidizer 21 - ignition device 64 (picosatellite with electropolymerized), on the fuel gas generator 29 - ignition device
65.

A feature of the claimed LRE is that made at least two groups of the firing device 63...65 on the combustion chamber 1 and the
generators 21 and 29. Further, for example, described LRE, which can be run three times: one on land by means of a first group of
pilot (grey toned figure 3) and two in flight.

On LRE installed on-Board computer 66 to which electrical connections 67 attached to all valves and regulators, as well as the
firing device.

LRE contains a power source 68, which power cable 69 is connected to the switch 70, made with the possibility of switching
groups of the firing device 63...65 on the combustion chamber 1 and the generators 21 and 29 (according to the number of
planned starts LRE).

To the onboard computer 66 electrical connections 67 is connected to the switch 70 and the first fuel valve 43, the second fuel
valve 50, the valve oxidizer 53, the actuator 48 of the flow regulator 49 fuel, the high pressure valve 45 fuel, the second fuel valve
50, the drive controller 56 the flow of oxidant 55 and valve high pressure oxidizer 57, and ignition device 63...65 and the speed
sensors 24 and 32.

On gazivode 22 on the axis of the combustion chamber 1 has a Central hinge suspension 71, which may be performed either
cylindrical or spherical. This will ensure that the swing LRE or in one or two planes for thrust vector control. To provide thrust vector
control to the combustion chamber 1 attached power ring 72 with one or two pairs of pins 73 (Fig 1, 3 and 4).
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LRE contains the external cylinder of compressed air (gas) 74, which is connected to an external high pressure pipeline 75 with the
valve 76, restorasyon connection 77, side pipe 78 having a check valve 79. Side pipe 78 is connected to the input housing 80
starting of the turbine 19.

To the input housing 81 the second stage turbine 27 is attached to the pipeline gas extraction 82 with the valve 83, the other end of
which is connected to the output of the main turbine 16. This is one of the characteristics stated LRE. The use of "sour" gas, i.e.
products of combustion of fuel with an excess of oxidizing agent having a relatively high temperature, will allow you to get more
power the second stage turbine 27 at a lower flow through her working body.

In addition to starting the turbine 19 (figure 2) can be attached, at least one high pressure pipeline 84, aderrasi valve 85 and the
on-Board tank of compressed air 86. This is done to ensure its multiple launch rocket engine in flight.

This scheme provides reusable inclusion and LRE provision of its first run from the outer cylinders of compressed air. In addition,
this will reduce the weight of the rocket engine and rocket on which it is installed. Under an external location means setting
cylinders of compressed air (gas) and related pipelines on land or on a space station with the launch of the rocket with it. Figure 1
shows the split line.

To the fuel manifold 10 can be connected to the blow-off pipe 87 with purge valve 88. The purge valve 88 electrical connection 67
is connected to the on-Board computer 66.

The Central hinge 71, made on gazivode 22 on the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 1, mounted on a power rack 89. To
force the frame 89 is attached drives the swing arm 90. The drive swing 90 it is advisable to use a pneumatic cylinder 91 (or
cylinder), which is attached to the power rack 89 and to the pin 73 or cylindrical hinges 92 (3), or spherical hinges 93 - 4.

The gas generator oxidizer 21 may be installed between the first main turbine 16 and the oxidizer pump 17. The fuel gas generator
29 may be mounted on the second main turbine 25. The side wall 94 of the fuel gas generator 29 can be made with the possibility
reg is nerating cooling and has an internal, 95 and 97 external shell with a gap 96 between them.

The exit of the oxidizer pump 17 is connected with the inlet of the additional oxidizer pump 18 by a pipe 98.

The first launch of the rocket engine is as follows.

Open valve 79 and compressed air(gas) from the external tank of compressed air 74 on the outer pipe 78 is supplied to the first
and second starting turbine 19 and 27 and spins the shafts 23 and 31. The speed sensors 24 and 32 control the process of
launching a rocket engine in the dynamics and in the work. Then open the first valve 43 fuel, oxidizer valve 53, the high pressure
valve 45 fuel, the second fuel valve 50, the valve high pressure oxidizer 57. The oxidizer and fuel enter the generators 21 and 29.
Then with the on-Board computer 66 line 67 sends a signal to the switch 70, and he applies a voltage on a power cable 69 on
ignition device 63...65 the first groups. Components of rocket fuel (fuel and oxidizer) are consumed in the generators 21 and 29,
where the burn in the first with an excess of oxidant, and the second with excess fuel. Gasified fuel and acidic gas gas go into the
combustion chamber 1, more precisely in its internal cavity 41, where ignited by means of the firing device 63. Fuel before it is
heated in the gap 15, the cooling of the inner wall 13 of the nozzle 2, and its temperature increases to 700...900°C in the fuel gas
generator 29, nominees up to 300...500°C in the second main turbine 25.

Regulation traction control LRE carry out the flow regulator 48 and the fuel flow regulator oxidant 55 synchronously with the help of
actuators 49 and 56, using signals from the computer 66, passed by the electrical relations 67.

Thrust vector control is carried out by means of actuators swing 90. Drive swing pair can be used to improve the reliability. The
symmetrical arrangement of two TNA 3 and 4 relative to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber 1, the same weight TNA 3
and 4 and the rotation shafts 23 and 31 in different directions increases the accuracy of control rocket, eliminating the effect of
asymmetry of weight and gyroscopic rotation of the rotors TNA moments on the control.

Scheme LRE provides multiple inclusion, figures 1 and 2 shows an example LRE made with the possibility triple enabled.

Off LRE is in the reverse order. After closing all valves fuel and oxidant open the purge valve 88 and an inert gas purge of the
combustion chamber 1 of the engine for cleaning residue from the fuel.

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The use of the invention will:

Significantly improve specific characteristics LRE: specific thrust and specific weight due to the complete gasification oxidant and
fuel before it enters the combustion chamber, which provides more power turbines and pumps, higher pressure in Cham the e
combustion and high enthalpy components of rocket fuel before feeding into the combustion chamber.

To increase the reliability LRE due to explode pumps fuel and oxidant at a considerable distance and exclusion of mutual
penetration of the oxidant and fuel and ignition.

Multiple launch rocket engines, especially rocket engine, designed for the first-stage rocket that is not yet accepted in the world
practice rocket.

To improve the controllability of the thrust vector through the use of Central power hinge and a symmetric arrangement of two TNA,
which has a weight commensurate with the weight of the combustion chamber.

The invention can be used on missiles for any purpose, including the military. With this patent, the enterprises of Russia making
such LRE, in addition to providing priority in peaceful space exploration and national defense will be much easier to sell them
abroad to allies and friendly countries, at the same time you can increase the sale price of units of a unique product in 5...10 times
at a lower cost because of the simplicity.

1. Liquid propellant rocket engine, containing an onboard computer and a power source, turbopump Assembly oxidant containing,
in turn, the main turbine, pumps and starting the turbine, the gas generator oxidizer, and an external cylinder of high pressure air, is
attached to an external line is the gadfly high pressure through an external valve, quick coupling and check valve to the turbine
starting, and ignition device for the combustion chamber and the gas generator oxidizer, characterized in that it further comprises a
turbopump Assembly of fuel from the second main turbine, the fuel pump and the second stage turbine and generator fuel, the fuel
gas generator is combined with a turbopump unit of fuel, and the second starting turbine is connected by a pipe containing starting
valve with the output of the main turbine, turbopump Assembly oxidizer contains the oxidizer pump and additional oxidizer pump.

2. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber includes a cylinder, a cylindrical part,
nozzle, two top collector in the upper cylindrical part of the nozzle and one lower reservoir in the lower part of the nozzle, the outlet
of the first main turbopump turbine Assembly oxidizer connected gazivoda with the cylinder combustion chamber, and exits the fuel
pump is connected to the lower header, the output from the second upper manifold connected to the fuel gas generator, and the
output from the second main turbopump turbine unit of fuel is connected to the first upper header.

3. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the combustion chamber and gazogeneratornogo
at least two groups of the firing device, moreover, the number of groups in the combustion chamber and on the same generators in
the system is a control switch connected to the electrical connections on one side with an onboard computer, and on the other
hand with groups igniting devices.

4. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the starting turbine is attached at least one
cylinder of the high pressure air from the pipe and valve.

5. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains a Central hinge, made on gazivode on
the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber.

6. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the Central hinge is cylindrical.

7. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 5, characterized in that the Central hinge is made spherical.

8. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains sensors speed shaft turbopump
assemblies, United electrical communication with the onboard computer.

9. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the turbopump units and the combustion chamber
is installed in the same plane symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber and a longitudinal axis
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber.

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10. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, trichosis fact, the shaft turbopump units are made to rotate in
opposite directions.

11. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the turbopump units are made of the same
weight.

12. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the combustion chamber is made of the power
ring to which is attached one or two pairs of actuators for thrust vector control.

13. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas generator oxidizer is installed between
the first main turbine and the oxidizer pump.

14. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fuel gas generator is mounted above the
second main turbine.

15. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that gasovod made U-shaped form with rounded
corners.

16. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pipeline gasified fuel is made
straightforward.

17. Liquid propellant rocket engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the side wall of the gas generator fuel made with
the possibility of regenerative cooling and contains an inner and outer shell with a gap between them.

Same patents:

Liquid propellant rocket engine // 2476708

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises onboard computer, electric power source, oxidiser turbo pump
including main turbine, pumps and starting turbine, propellant gas generator, external compressed air bottle
connected via high-pressure pipeline and external valve, fast-release connector, check valve and onboard
pipeline to starting turbine, and igniters on combustion chamber and oxidiser gas generator. In compliance
with this invention it additionally comprises propellant turbo pump unit with second main turbine, propellant
pump and second booster turbine, and propellant gas generator integrated with propellant gas generator. Second booster
turbine is connected via pipeline including starting valve with main turbine outlet. Oxidiser turbo pump unit comprises oxidiser
pump and extra oxidiser pump. Oxidiser gas generator may be arranged between main turbine and oxidiser pump. Propellant

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gas generator may be arranged above second main turbine. Propellant gas generator sidewall allows regenerative cooling and
comprises inner and outer spaced apart shells.

EFFECT: improved specific characteristics, higher reliability, multifold starting.

17 cl, 6 dwg

Hydrogen-oxygen liquid propellant rocket engine // 2474719

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises combustion chamber, system of nozzle regenerative cooling by
propellant, and two turbo pump units. Besides, it has oxidiser and propellant turbo pump units. Note here that
all turbo pumps units have main turbine and pumps. Additionally, it comprises, at least, one extra propellant
turbo pump unit. Pumps of all turbo pump units are connected in series by "П"-like and straight pipelines. Main
turbines of propellant turbo pump units are also connected in series. Note also that oxidiser and propellant turbo pump units
have gas generators integrated therewith. Combustion chamber may have head, cylindrical part, nozzle, three top manifolds
atop nozzle and one bottom manifold at nozzle bottom. Oxidiser turbo pump unit first main turbine outlet is communicated via
gas duct with combustion chamber head while propellant pump outlet is communicated with propellant turbo pump unit
propellant pump inlet. Propellant pump outlet of the last extra propellant turbo pump unit is communicated with bottom manifold.
Third top manifold outlet is communicated with propellant gas generator while outlet of second main turbine of propellant turbo
pump unit is communicated with third main turbine inlet. Outlet of the last turbo pump unit main turbine is communicated with
first top manifold. Proposed engine may be equipped with onboard computer while igniters may be arranged on combustion
chamber and gas generators electrically connected with said computer. Engine may also include central hinge arranged on
second propellant pipeline on combustion chamber longitudinal axis. Said hinge may be either cylindrical or spherical. All turbo
pumps units incorporate shafts and rpm transducers and axial force transducers.

EFFECT: increased pressure in combustion chamber, higher reliability.

7 cl, 18 dwg

Liquid-propellant engine // 2466292

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: liquid-propellant engine consists of control system with onboard computer and electric power
supply, gas generator connected via a gas line to combustion chamber, and turbo-pump unit containing in its
turn the pumps of oxidiser, fuel, and starting turbine, as well as air bottle connected via high pressure pipeline
through a valve to the starting turbine, and ignition devices on combustion chamber and gas generator;
according to the invention, at least two groups of ignition devices are installed on combustion chamber and
two of them are installed on gas generator; at that, number of groups on combustion chamber and on gas generator is the
same; control system is provided with switching devices the number of which corresponds to the number of groups of ignition
devices, which are connected through electric connections to the onboard computer on one side, and to groups of ignition
devices on the other side; at least one external high pressure air bottle is connected to the starting turbine through quick-
detachable connection and non-return valve via external pipeline containing an external valve. Liquid-propellant engine can
contain at least one additional high pressure air bottle connected by means of additional high pressure pipeline to the starting
turbine. Liquid-propellant engine can contain central hinge made on gas line on combustion chamber axis. Liquid-propellant
engine can contain a cylindrical hinge that is made in the form of a cylinder. Central hinge can be spherical. LPE can contain
GLONASS system receiver connected through an electrical connection to the onboard computer. LPE can contain receiving-
transmitting device connected through an electrical connection to the onboard computer. LPE can contain turbo-pump unit shaft
rotating speed sensor connected through an electrical connection to the onboard computer.

EFFECT: multiple LPE startup.

8 cl, 5 dwg

Nuclear submarine and marine-version rocket engine // 2466056

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FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: set of invention relates to ship building, particularly, nuclear submarines. Proposed submarine
comprises fast hull enveloping light hull, tanks arranged between said hulls, fast con and rescue surfacing
chamber arranged inside fast hull under fast con, and, at least, one nuclear reactor connected via circulation circuit pipelines
with turbogenerator electrically connected with motor. At least, one streamlined tight pod with fast-detach face plug housing
liquid-propellant rocket engine. The latter comprises airframe, combustion chamber suspended to airframe and having cylinder
part and nozzle, gas generator and turbo pump unit including, in its turn, turbine, oxidiser and fuel pumps, gas duct
communicating turbine outlet with combustion chamber head via suspension assy. Careen nozzles are arranged in pairs on
load-bearing ring fitted on light hull outer surface cross-section. Generated gas feed pipeline and fuel feed pipeline are
connected via gas and fuel three-way valves to careen nozzles. Opposite end of generated gas feed pipeline is connected with
gas bleed pipeline. Careen nozzles are secured on load-bearing ring by means of two inclined tie rods.

EFFECT: notably higher speed in attach on surface, better controllability.

5 cl, 11 dwg

Multistage carrier rocket, liquid-propellant rocket engine, turbo pump unit and bank nozzle
unit // 2464208

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rocketry, particularly, to multistage carrier rocket assembly. Proposed rocket
comprises first stage central module with first stage lateral modules and second stage central module with
second stage lateral modules. All modules are equipped with liquid-propellant rocket engine and system to
transfer fuel components from lateral modules into central module. Carrier rocket comprises bank nozzle units
with two opposed bank nozzles fitted on outer surface of lateral modules of all stages remote from carrier
rocket axis. Liquid-propellant rocket engine comprises bearing frame, combustion chamber suspended
thereto and provided with cylindrical part with top and bottom structural rings, and nozzle. Suspension
assembly is mounted on bearing frame and includes moving and stationary parts. Said moving part is
connected via intermediate frame with top structural ring. Bank nozzles are arranged on bottom structural ring
mounted at nozzle bottom and coupled with nozzle edge. Producer-gas feed pipelines are connected via
three-way gas and fuel valves to bank nozzles, their opposite ends being connected to gas bleed pipeline.
Fuel pipelines are also connected to bank nozzles secured at carrier rocket bottom structural ring. Turbo
pump unit comprises turbine and oxidiser pumps, two-stage fuel pump and extra fuel pump with their shafts
coupled by torque transfer and rpm control device arranged in housing with feed and discharge ducts. Torque
transfer and rpm control device is made up of magnetic transmission incorporating disc with permanent magnets regularly
spaced in circle.

EFFECT: better controllability.

11 cl, 19 dwg

Liquid-propellant engine of open configuration // 2459970

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: liquid-propellant engine includes chamber, mixing head including external, intermediate and fire
bottoms, which are attached to each other by means of oxidiser and fuel injectors, turbine-pump unit
consisting of two single-step screw-centrifugal pumps, turbine the working body of which is generator gas
generated in two-component gas generator fed from the main fuel components - oxygen and kerosene;
besides, outlet pipe of waste generator gas after the turbine is connected to exhaust system; engine
configuration includes thrust regulator and fuel components ratio throttle, which are installed on the corresponding main lines, in
main oxygen line - liquid oxygen - between oxygen pump outlet and combustion chamber mixing head inlet of engine; gasifier
representing a two-zone construction is installed; in addition, combustion is performed in the first zone at stoichiometric ratio of
small quantities of oxidiser and fuel, and evaporation (gasification) of the main oxidiser flow is performed in the second zone at

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the flow being mixed with combustion products leaving the first zone, and in mixing head of chamber there arranged are spray
gas injectors of oxidiser, which open to the head cavity that is connected to gasifier outlet.

EFFECT: stable combustion process in combustion chamber.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Spaceship with nuclear power plant, and nuclear rocket engine // 2459102

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: in spaceship with nuclear power plant, which contains central module of the first stage with
side modules of the first stage and central unit of the second stage with side modules of the second stage,
side modules are connected to central connecting rods having the possibility of being detached; besides, all
modules have a housing, hydrogen tanks inside housings and at least one rocket engine in each central
module and hydrogen overflow systems from side modules to the central one; in addition, it contains nuclear
reactors installed in central modules and connected via heat carrier circulation pipelines to rocket engines of
side modules. Additional side modules containing housings, oxidiser and fuel tanks and liquid-propellant
rocket engines are connected to the above side modules. There can be used even number of side modules of the first stage,
and units of roll nozzles of the first stage can be installed on two diametrically opposite side rocket modules of the first stage.
There can be used odd number of side modules of the first stage, and units of roll nozzles of the first stage can be installed on
all side rocket modules of the first stage. Number of side modules of the second stage can correspond to the number of side
rocket units of the first stage. Number of side modules of the third stage can correspond to the number of side rocket units of the
first stage. Side modules of all stages are installed in similar longitudinal planes passing through longitudinal axis of carrier
rocket. Additional side modules can be attached to side modules in pairs. In nuclear rocket engine containing an expansion
chamber and system for supply of heated hydrogen to it, according to the invention, hydrogen supply system includes heat
exchanger to which heat carrier recirculation pipelines are connected, which in their turn are connected to nuclear reactor;
hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to inlet header of expansion chamber; outlet header of expansion chamber is connected
to inlet hydrogen connection pipe on heat exchanger; outlet hydrogen connection pipe is connected to gas passage and then to
expansion chamber.

EFFECT: increasing the speed and flight range; improving flight safety and thrust vector control.

9 cl, 17 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine and turbopump unit // 2458245

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises bearing frame, combustion chamber with cylindrical part and
nozzle secured on bearing frame by suspension assembly to swing in two planes and driven by drives
attached to force ring made on combustion chamber. gas generator and turbopump unit including turbine,
oxidiser and fuel pump, extra fuel pump and gas line communicating turbine outlet with combustion chamber
head via suspension assembly. Note here that fuel pump comprises two independent stages with independent
interconnected shafts coupled with extra fuel pump by device designed to transfer torque and vary rpm. Said device is arranged
in housing with feed and discharge channels. Note also that turbine shafts and those of fuel pumps of both stages are arranged
concentrically to make annular chamber feed channel there between while discharge channel is communicated with pump inlet.
Note that said device designed to transfer torque and vary rpm is made up of magnetic gearing comprising discs with permanent
magnets arranged in circle with constant pitch.

EFFECT: higher reliability.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Three-stage booster-rocket, liquid propellant rocket engine and roll nozzle block // 2455515

FIELD: engines and pumps.

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SUBSTANCE: three-stage booster-rocket contains central block of the first stage with side rocket blocks and
central block of the second stage with side rocket blocks of the second stage, at that all the blocks have
housing, tanks of oxidant and fuel inside housings and at least one liquid propellant rocket engine in each
rocket block. Also there are roll nozzle blocks containing two roll nozzles oppositely installed, at that roll
nozzle blocks are installed on external surface of housings of side rocket blocks of all the stages distant from
axis of booster-rocket. Proposed liquid propellant rocket engine includes power frame, combustion chamber
with head, cylindrical part and nozzle, the chamber is fixed on power frame by suspension assembly providing
movement in two planes by means of drives attached to power ring on combustion chamber; also it includes
gas generator and turbo-pump unit containing in its turn turbine, oxidiser pump, fuel pump, gas line
connecting the outlet of turbine to head of combustion chamber through suspension assembly; at that, roll
nozzles are grouped into roll nozzle blocks in pairs and installed on lower power ring installed in lower part of
nozzle and connected to nozzle section, pipelines of gas-generator gas delivery are connected to roll nozzles
via three-way valves of gas and fuel, the other ends of pipelines are connected at first to pipeline of gas
removal and fuel pipelines, at that roll nozzles blocks are fixed on lower power ring by two inclined rods. Roll
nozzles block contains two roll nozzles installed oppositely and combined in one assembly containing
common housing, at that a pair of roll nozzles is equipped with three-way valves of gas and fuel installed
between roll nozzles and having common drive.

EFFECT: improving control reliability of LPE thrust vector and control of rocket as to roll.

10 cl, 17 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine // 2451199

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises, at least, one extra fuel high-pressure tank, gas generator to
produce working medium for turbine by combusting fuel components therein. Note here that gas blanket of
said extra fuel high-pressure tank is communicated via pipeline with compressed gas cylinder. Fluid section of
said tank is communicated with gas generators nozzles. Gas generator outlet is communicated with turbine
inlet while turbine outlet is communicated with said gas blanket and/or ambient medium.

EFFECT: decreased weight, better performances.

1 dwg

Turbo-pump supply system for liquid-propellant rocket engine // 2246023

FIELD: liquid-propellant rocket engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system includes lines of different propellant components, gas lines and gas
generator. Mounted in front of main turbo-pump unit with multi-stage propellant component pump and drive
gas turbine is booster turbo-pump unit with propellant component pump and drive single-stage hydraulic
turbine fed from "n" stage of main pump. Working passage of hydraulic turbine is located in connecting line
between outlet of "n" stage and inlet of "(n+1)" stage of main pump.

EFFECT: simplified construction; reduced mass of liquid propellant.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine operating on fuel containing helium additive // 2273754

FIELD: rocketry, in particular, liquid-propellant rocket engines using helium as a cooler of the engine chamber
body.

SUBSTANCE: the liquid-propellant rocket engine has an engine chamber consisting of a combustion chamber
and a nozzle, having regenerative-cooling ducts, turbopump assembly including centrifugal pumps of oxidizer,

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fuel and helium, neutral gas generator fed from the pumps of oxidizer and fuel, and the outlet of the helium pump is coupled to
the regenerative cooling passage of the combustion chamber, whose outlet is coupled to the mentioned gas generator, the outlet
of the gas generator is coupled to the turbine of the turbopump assembly, whose outlet is coupled to the oxidizer supply line to
the combustion chamber mixing head. Besides, cooling of the chamber nozzle is effected by fuel, which, having passed through
the regenerative cooling ducts, is supplied to the mixing head. The combustion chamber of the engine chamber and the gas
generator operate at a stoichiometric relation of the fuel components. Introduction of the helium additive to the combustion
products of the main fuel components to the neutral gas generator and further to the engine combustion chamber makes it
possible to enhance the engine specific thrust pulse approximately by 20S, and, with regard to denial of screen cooling,
approximately to 30S and more.

EFFECT: enhanced engine specific thrust pulse.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine // 2279563

FIELD: rocket and space engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed liquid-propellant rocket engine has chamber. Bypass main line with flow rate
regulator passing part of fuel into chamber by-passing cooling duct is installed in parallel to line of fuel delivery
for cooling.

EFFECT: increased service life of engine chamber owing to reduction of thermal stresses in inner wall.

1 dwg

Low-thrust cryogenic propulsion module // 2282744

FIELD: classic and return launch vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: proposed low-thrust cryogenic propulsion module contains main cryogenic engine 10, two
auxiliary engine 21, 22 to control position in space, cryogenic ergol supply tanks 31, 32, 33, 34, device for periodically building
pressure in tanks 31, 32, 33, 34 and device to generate explosive pulses of main cryogenic engine at pulse mode during period
of pressure building in tanks 31, 32, 33, 34. Device to periodically build pressure in tanks 31, 32, 33, 34 has heat exchange
system connected with heat accumulator 61, 62 and device 71,72 to excite circulation of preliminary set amount of ergol in heat
exchange system. Module contains additionally device for heating heat accumulator 61, 62 in period between two sequential
explosive pulses.

EFFECT: improved mass-and-dimension characteristics of module, reduced time taken for execution of task.

17 cl, 14 dwg

Method of and device for creating thrust of liquid-propellant rocket engine // 2290525

FIELD: rocketry.

SUBSTANCE: according to proposed method of creating thrust of liquid-propellant rocket engine with
circulation of heat carrier based on taking of propellant components from tanks, increasing their pressure by
pumps driven by turbine and introducing them into gas generator and combustion chamber, combustion of components in gas
generator and chamber and creating thrust with ejection of combustion products through nozzle, when introducing component of
propellant and products of their gasification into combustion chamber, tangential speed component is imparted to them and part
of combustion products is replaced by heat carrier and in process of recirculation it is successively expanded at higher pressure
of diverting part of nozzle, cooled, condensed in head exchanger-condenser, pressure is raised by pump and it is then delivered
to near-critical part of nozzle to repeat the cycle. Liquid-propellant rocket engine with closed circuit of heat carrier contains
chamber with mixing head and regenerative cooling duct, turbopump set with oxidizer and propellant pumps whose output main
lines are connected with said mixing head of chamber and gas generator, and said closed circuit of heat carrier is formed with
successively interconnected circulating pump, unit to introduce heat carrier to near-critical area of nozzle, heat exchanger-
condenser, means to supply condensed component to input of circulating pump. According to invention, closed circuit is

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provided with section of diverting part of nozzle on which ring ribs made of heat-resistant material are secured over
circumference.

EFFECT: reduced cost of launching of useful load into orbit.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Liquid propellant rocket power plant // 2295052

FIELD: liquid propellant rocket power plants with turbopump units.

SUBSTANCE: the liquid propellant rocket power plant having liquid-hydrogen and liquid-oxygen tanks with
booster pumps and main turbopump units uses also an electrochemical generator with an oxygen inlet and
outlet and a hydrogen inlet and outlet, oxygen ejector, hydrogen ejector and two electric motors, one of which
is connected to the shaft of the oxygen booster pump, and the other-to the shaft of the hydrogen booster
pump, the oxygen inlet of the electrochemical generator is connected through a pipe to the gas cushion of
tank with liquid oxygen, and the outlet-to the inlet of oxygen ejector, whose outlet is connected to the gaseous oxygen supply
pipe to the reaction chamber: the hydrogen inlet of the electrochemical generator is connected through a pipe to the gas,
cushion of the tank with liquid hydrogen, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen ejector, whose outlet is
connected to the gaseous hydrogen supply line to the reaction chamber.

EFFECT: provided reliable multiple starting of the liquid propellant rocket power plant.

1 dwg

Booster turbo-pump aggregate with the axial pump // 2299343

FIELD: rocket engineering; production of the booster turbo-pump aggregates with an axial pumps used in
them.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of rocket engineering, in particular, to production of the
booster turbo-pump aggregates with the axial pumps used in the liquid rocket engines (LRE). The booster turbo-pump
aggregate consists of the body (1), in which there is the pump (3) axial wheel fixed on the shaft (2) and the wheel of the
hydraulic turbine (4). The wheel of the hydraulic turbine (4) is connected to the axial wheel of the pump (3) by soldering along its
outer diameter. The shaft (2) rests on the fixed bearing (5) and on the movable bearing (6). The axial stops (7) and (8) of the
body (1) eliminate the possibility of the axial motion of the fixed bearing (5) with respect to the body (1), and consequently, the
motion of the shaft (2). The movable bearing (6) may have the shift in the axial direction concerning the body (1) because of the
difference of the axial power and thermal deformations of the body (1) and the shaft (2). From the side of the axial intake in the
body there is the axial stop (9). Between the axial stop of the body (1) and the movable bearing (6) the axial spring (10) is
installed. The support ring (11) is mounted between the axial spring (10) and the movable bearing (6). The axial spring (10) is
made in the form of the resilient conical ring. The invention ensures the increased service life of the fixed bearing (5) and the
service life of the whole aggregate.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased service life of the fixed bearing (5) and the service life of the whole aggregate.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Device for separation of the pump and the turbine of the booster turbo-pump aggregate of the
liquid propellant rocket engine // 2299344

FIELD: rocket engineering; production of the devices for the liquid propellant rocket engines.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of rocket engineering and may be used in the liquid
propellant rocket engines (LPRE). The device for separation of the pump and the turbine of the booster turbo-pump aggregate of
the LPRE consists of the pump (2), the turbine (3), the separating cavity (1) located between the pump (2) and the turbine (3)
and the external intake tract (4). The separating cavity (1) is limited from the side of the pump (2) by the shaft gasket (5), which
diameter is made smaller than the diameter of the shaft (10) in the area of the seat of the bearing of the turbine (11), and from

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the side of the turbine (3) - by the unloading disk (6) aligned with the turbine impeller (7). On the turbine impeller (7) there is the
gasket of the unloading disk (8). The axial impeller of the pump (9) and the turbine impeller (7) are fixed on the shaft (10). From
the direction of the turbine (3) the shaft (10) rests on the turbine bearing (11), which is brought out beyond the bounds of the
separating cavity (1) and is installed from the direction of the pump (2). The cavity of the turbine bearing (12) which is adjoining
the shaft gasket (5) is connected by the delivery channels (13) with the pump outlet (14). The offered device ensures the
minimum losses of the power used for separation of the pump and the turbine, and also the effective refrigeration of the
bearings by the liquid monophase hydrogen.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the minimum losses of the power used for separation of the pump and the turbine, the effective
refrigeration of the bearings by the liquid monophase hydrogen.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Liquid-propellant rocket engine and the method of its starting // 2299345

FIELD: rocket engineering; production of the liquid propellant rocket engines.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of rocket engineering, in particular, to production of the
liquid propellant rocket engines powered by the cryogenic oxidant and the hydrocarbon propellant. The liquid
propellant rocket engine contains the combustion chamber with the tract of the regenerative cooling, the turbo-pumping
aggregate with the turbine having the inlet and outlet trunks, and the pumps of the oxidant and the propellant, for which the
outlet of the propellant p[ump is connected through the propellant valve to the combustion chamber, and the outlet of the oxidant
pump through the oxidant valve is connected to the gas generator. At that the turbo-pump aggregate contains the additional
propellant pump, which inlet is connected to the outlet of the propellant pump, and the outlet is connected to the gas generator
through the high pressure pipeline, in which there is the high-pressure valve and the consumption regulator. In the trunk of the
turbine there is the thrust regulator, to which the on-board trunk and the starting trunk with the return valve and the connector
are connected. The method of the liquid propellant rocket engine starting provides for the spinning-up of the turbo-pump
aggregate and opening of valves of the oxidant, the propellant, the propellant in the high-pressure trunk, run-up of the turbine
conduct a compressed air from a land bulb, and the turbine spinning-up is exercised by the compressed air from the ground
pressure vessel and the turbine drive at operation is exercised from the on-board vessel. The invention ensures simplification of
the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit, the increased reliability, the increase of the power and the specific characteristics of the liquid
propellant rocket engine, the decreased mass of the engines, the improved engine starting and cutoff and provision of the
engine cleansing from the leavings of the propellant after the engine cutoff.

EFFECT: the invention ensures simplification of the liquid propellant rocket engine pneumatic-hydraulic circuit, the increased its
reliability, power and specific characteristics, the decreased mass of the engine, the improved the engine starting, cutoff and
cleansing from the leavings of the propellant after its cutoff.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Turbopump set of rocket engine // 2299346

FIELD: rocketry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to liquid-propellant rocket engines operating on cryogenic oxidizer and on
hydrocarbon fuel. Proposed turbopump set of rocket engine contains the following parts of rotor of turbopump
set mounted on shaft: oxidizer pump impeller, fuel pump impeller and turbine wheel arranged in housing of
turbopump set and additional fuel pump with shaft and impeller of additional fuel pump. Design peculiarity of
turbopump set is that magnetic clutch is installed between rotor of turbopump set and rotor of additional fuel pump. Driving disk
of magnetic clutch is installed on shaft of turbopump set, and driven disk is mounted on shaft of additional fuel pump. Partition
made on nonmagnetic material is found between driving and driven disks of magnetic clutch. Said partition is aligned with
housing of additional fuel pump. Partition, driving and driven disks can be made spherical and/or provided with ribbing.

EFFECT: increased reliability of turbopump set.

5 cl, 3 dwg

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