4.

0 Design Analysis

From the design that have been done, there are some calculation need to be done to determine the
head pump of system and head pump required by centrifugal pump to produced. Besides that, in
this case it will assume of 30% pump tolerance.
Given:
 Volume flowrate, Q = 0.573 m 3 /s
 Pipe length, L = 20m
 Pipe diameter, D = 0.5m
 Height difference, ( z 1−z 2) = 10m

4.1. Head Pump System

By using Energy Equation:

P1 v 21 P2 v 22
+ + z 1 + H P = + + z 2+ H L + H T
ρg 2 g ρg 2 g

P1 v 12 P 2 v 22
+ + Z 1+ h p= + + Z 2 +h L +hT
ρg 2 g ρg 2 g

From the design, the value of P1 , P2 , v 1∧v 2 can be neglected since their value were too small
which is almost equal to zero. Besides that, the value of H T =0 since there is no turbine in the
case study.

H p=(z ¿ ¿ 2−z 1)+ H L ¿

∑ K l V 2 fL V 2
H L=Hminor + Hmajor= +
2g 2 gD
Assumption for the river water:
 Density of water, ρ = 996kg /m3
 Dynamic viscosity of water, μ at 25 ° C =0. 89 1× 10−3 kg/ms
4.1.1 Velocity
Q = VA
Q (0.573)
V= = =2.9183 m/s
A π (0.25)2

4.1.2 Reynold Number, Re

ρVD
ℜ=
μ
996(2.9 183)(0.5)
ℜ=
0.89 1 ×10−3
¿ 16 31103.70> 4000 so it Turbulent flow
4.1.3 Head Loss Major

flV 2
Major Head Loss , H L =
2 gD
1.1
1 6.9 ∈
√f
=−1.8 log ℜ +[ ( )]
3.7 D
, ∈=0.26

1.1
1 6.9 0.26
√f
=−1.8 log
[ + (
1631103.70 3.7 ( 0.5 ) ) ]
f =0. 35124

Major Head Loss , H L =( 0.35124 ) (20) ¿ ¿

4.1.4 Head loss Minor

∑ Kl V 2
Minor Head Loss , H L =
2g
Minor Head Loss , H L =[0.05 ( 2 )+ ( 0.5 )+ (1.0 )+ 5(1.1)]¿ ¿

Total head Loss:

Total Head Loss , H L =6.09853 m+3.0819 m=9.18043 m

4.1.5 Head Pump

H p=(z ¿ ¿ 2−z 1)+ H L ¿
H p=10 m+9.18043=19.18043

Assuming 30% of pump tolerance,

13 0
X 19.18043=24.9346 m
100
A centrifugal pump with pump head, H P=24.9346 m is required to fulfil the task
For the purpose of obtaining the suitable pump specification to fulfil the pump head required,
trial and error method is used. To obtain the most suitable pump to use, the parameter such as
inlet and outlet radius of impeller, inlet and outlet blade angle, inner and outer blade width and
rotational need to be determined for calculation.

4.2 Head Pump for Centrifugal Pump Analysis

4.2.1 Head Pump Equation;
1
H p= (u2 v t 2−u 1 v t 1)
g
4.2.2 At point 1, Inlet
Rotor tip velocity at inlet, u1 can be calculate by;
u1=r 1 ω

2 π (2000 )
u1=(0. 08)( )
60
u1=16.755 m/s

Normal velocity at inlet, v n1 can be calculate using this equation;

Q
v n1 =
2 π r 1 b1

0.573 m3 /s
v n1 =
2 π (0. 08 m)(0.05 m)
v n1 =22.799 m/ s

Using trigonometry, we can get the x in u1=v t 1 + x 1

 vn 1
tan ⁡(1)=
x1
22.799
x 1=
tan ⁡( 60° )
x 1=13.163 m/s

Tangential (circumferential) velocity at inlet, v t 1

v t 1=16.755−13.163

v t 1=3.592 m/s

4.2.3 At point 2, Outlet

Rotor tip velocity at exit, u2 can be calculate by;
u2=r 2 ω

u2=(0. 12m)¿)
u2=25.13m/ s

Normal (radial) velocity at exit, v n2 can be calculate using this equation;

Q
v n2 =
2 π r 2b2

0.573 m3 /s
v n2 =
2 π (0. 12m)(0.0 1m)
v n2 =75.996 m/s

Using trigonometry, we can get the x in u2=v t 2 + x 2;

vn 2
tan ⁡(2)=
x2
75.996
x 2=
tan ⁡(80.3° )
x 2=12.990 m/s

Tangential (circumferential) velocity at exit, v t 2 can be find using the equation below;
u2=v t 2 + x 2
 v t 2=25.13−12.990

v t 2=12.14 m/s

4.2.4 Head Pump Equation;

1
H p= (u2 v t 2−u 1 v t 1)
g
1
H p= ( ( 25.13 ) ( 12.14 )−(16.75)(3.592))
9.81
H p=24.964

4.2.5 Percentage Error

24.964−24.9346 m
So, it can show that error only: X 100 %=0.12 %
24.964