Nicholas Edwards

December 5, 2010
3rd Period
Folk Culture/Language Review

1. A habit is a repetitive act that a particular individual performs, and culture is traits that
together constitute a group of people’s distinct tradition.
2. Pop culture diffuses through communications systems, transportation networks, and
other modern technology.
3.

 Made up of small homogeneous groups = Folk

 Made up of large heterogeneous groups = Pop
 Changes rapidly in short time = Pop
 Emphasizes family structure = Folk
 Diffuses rapidly through TV, radio, and internet = Pop
 Changes little over time = Folk
 Weaker family structure = Pop
 Religion often used to maintain order = Folk
 Diffuses slowly by migration = Folk
 Religion replaced with secular institutions = Pop
 Results in a more uniform landscape = Folk
 Groups interact little with each other = Folk
 Originate most frequently in less developed countries = Folk
 Originate most frequently in more developed countries = Pop
 Physical environment plays an important role = Folk
 Modifies environment to match its values = Pop
4. Folk culture most often originates from anonymous hearths.
5. Country music originates from: southern Appalachia, central Tennessee and Kentucky,
the Ozark and Ouachita uplands of western Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma, and north-
central Texas.
6. Folk songs usually tell a story whereas pop music is made with technology and money
purposes.
7. Taboo is a restriction on behavior imposed by social custom.
8. Muslims regard eating pork as taboo.
9. The resources available in the environment, customary or environmental factors, and
environment and social conditions.
10. Because the sod made the house warm in the winter and cool in the summer.
11. New England, Middle Atlantic, and Lower Chesapeake.
12. The style of housing does not display the same degree of regional distinctiveness
because houses today are usually mass-produced by construction companies.
13. The ranch house.
14. Housing, Clothing, Food, and Entertainment.
15. Americans choose a particular type of food in part on the basis of preference for what is
produced, grown, or imported locally.
16. Their occupations and a higher income.
17. Because rising incomes can fuel demand for the possessions typical in popular culture.
18. Women received availability of economic and social opportunities and it also led to rises
in prostitution.
19.
20. It depletes the already scarce natural resources and causes pollution to the landscape.

Chapter 5

1. Literary tradition is a system written communication.

2. Dialect is a regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary,
spelling, and pronunciation.
3. Language family is a collection of languages related through a common ancestor that
existed long before recorded history. Language branch is a collection of languages
related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago. A language
group is a collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the
relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.
4. Indo-European and Sino-Tibetan.
5. Angles, Jutes, and Saxons.
6. Some of modern English words are based on certain words in French.
7. Because colonists naturally spoke the language used in England and established it was
the dominant form of speech in colonial America.
8. The Germanic Branch of Indo-European.
9. The people who migrated there had little contact with speakers of other languages
when they arrived in Iceland, and they also didn’t contact with speakers of their
language back in Norway.
10.
11. Portuguese, Galician, Spanish, Catalan, French, French(Occitan), Italian, Sardinian,
Romansh, Ladin, Friulian, and Romanian.
12. Russian, Ukrainian, Belorusian, Polish, Czech, and Slovak.
13. Hindi, Urdu, Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri, Konkami, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya,
Punjabi, Sanskirt, Sindhi, Urdu, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, and Manipuri.
14. Danish, Faeroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, English, Frisian, German, and Dutch.
15. They were the first Proto-Indo-European speakers.
16. Vulgar Latin was the spoken form the people in the provinces learned.
17. A creole language is a language that results from mixing the colonizer’s language with
the indigenous language of the people being dominated.
18. English.
19. Germanic Branch, Indo-Iranian, Baltic-Slavic, and Romance.
20. Spanish and Portuguese.
21. German.
22. India.
23. Celtic.
24. Indo-European diffused along with agricultural innovations west into Europe and east in
Asia.
25. English.
26. Ideograms.
27. Africa, because of the minimal interaction among the thousands of cultural groups in
Africa.
28. Niger-Congo.
29. Because most lack a written tradition.
30. Lingua Franca is a language of international communication.
31. Because when the Angles, Jutes, and Saxons invaded the language each spoken was the
basis of distinct regional dialects of Old English.
32. In vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.
33. An isogloss is a word-usage boundary.
34. Franglais is a combination of English and French.
35. Because it is believed to be most effective way to work in a global economy and
participate in a global culture.
36. Swahili.
37. A revived language is a language close to extinction, but brought back to its former
status by different means.
38. The first colonists’ dialect became the base pattern for their communities, but as new
arrivals came they modified the language somewhat.
39. Belgium.
40.