CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF

MODULAR BUILDING SITE

FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

1.0 Introduction:
This calculation report is to document the structural strength verification of existing sewage holding tank
for project of DESIGN AND BUILD OF MODULAR BUILDING SITE FACILITIES.

The finite element analysis (FEA) is used to calculate the maximum axial forces, shear forces and
bending moments of the structural elements. It also analyses the maximum deformations, stability of
structure. The structural calculation presented here to checks the adequacy of the irrigation tank in terms
of strength and serviceability. The loading derivation and structure analysis have been presented in this
calculation report.

2.0 Objective:
The aim of this report is to analyse and design of the proposed Sewage Holding Tank structure accounting
to different acting forces and pressures.

3.0 Design Criteria:

3.1 Design Codes & References

The following codes shall be used in the design of the underground RC structure.
 BS 8110-1: 1997 Structural use of concrete —Part 1: Code of practice for design and
Construction.
 BS 8004 :1986 Code of practice for foundation.
 BS 8007:1987 Code of practice for Design of concrete structures for retaining aqueous liquids.
 BS 6399-1 :1996 Loading for buildings —Part 1: Code of practice for dead and imposed loads.
 BS 8002 :1994 Code of practice for Earth retaining structure.
 BS 4449 :1988 British Standard Specification for Carbon steel bars for reinforcement of concrete.
 DMRB Volume 2 Section 1 Part 2 BD 30/87 Backfilled Retaining Walls and Bridge Abutments.
 Loads for Highway Bridges BD 37/01, Vol. 1, Section 3, Part 14
 General Loadings BS 6399, Part 1 & 3
 Early-age thermal crack control in concrete CIRIA Report 91
 Qatar National Construction Standards 2010 Section 5 Concrete.
 Lusail Particular Technical Specifications.

3.2 Design Tools

The following software have been used in the design of the project:
 - Staad Pro 8Vi, Prokon, Tedds, Spreadsheet calculation pad & Engineering reference books,
codes.
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

3.3 Material Properties

Concrete:
- Concrete Compressive Strength 40 N/mm2 at 28 days
- Steel reinforcement yield strength 460N/mm2
- Modulus of elasticity E = 205000 N/mm2
- Thermal expansion coefficient = 0.000012/0C
- Concrete Density = 25 kN/m3

Soil & Water:

- Ground Water Density ywater= 10.15 kN/m3 (Sea water)
- Modules of Sub-grade reaction for soil: Ks=60,000 kN/m3
- Allowable settlement: s=25mm< 0.5% *12000mm=60 mm (Fig.1, BS 8004)
- Unit weight of soil backfill ysoil= 20.0 kN/m3
- Unit weight of submerged soil ysub= 9.85 kN/m3
- Angle of friction of backfill: Ø = 33.0o
- Active pressure coefficient: Ka = 0.33
- Passive pressure coefficient: Kp = 3.0
- Lateral earth pressure at rest coefficient: Ko = 0.60

3.4 Design Dead Load

3.4.1 Self weight: (Cl 3.1.1, BD31/01), (LC 1)

- The program calculates the self weight of slab and wall.

 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

3.4.2 Super Imposed dead Load (Vertical): (Cl 3.1.2, BD31/01), (LC 2)

This load is an additional dead load on top of slab.

Soil filled on top of roof slab 0.80 meter depth
Weight of filled soil on roof slab =0.83m*20kN/m3= 16.60 kN/m2
Weight of water proofing on roof slab=0.12m*25kN/m3=3.00 kN/m2

Total uniform load on top slab = 19.60 kN/m2 Say 20.00 kN/m2

Note: For uplift and sliding checks the load on top of roof slab has been considered 19.60 kN/m2 only.
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

3.4.3 Horizontal Earth Pressure: (Cl 3.1.3, BD31/01) (LC 3)

- It is the nominal permanent horizontal soil pressures applied to the side walls at a depth 0.95 m below
from top of roof slab.
The following soil properties are given and listed on item 3.3.

Height of wall D= 5.00 m.

Height of Soil cover on top of slab Ds=1.00 m
Height of groundwater Dw=4.10 m (from soffit of base slab)

Max. soil pressure, SLHb(max) =Ko * ysoil* (D+Ds-Dw)+ Ko * ysub* (Dw)

=0.60*20*(5.00+1.00- 4.10)+0.6*9.85*4.10 = 47.00/2 =23.5 kN/m2
( @ bottom of wall)
Max. soil pressure, SLHt(max) =Ko * ysoil* (Ds)=0.60*20*1.00= 12.00 kN/m2 ( @ top of wall)
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

3.4.4 Hydrostatic Loads and Uplift Pressure: (Cl 3.1.4, BD31/01) (LC 4)

- From geotechnical investigation report submitted by COMO, the adopted water table for design is
+0.90m QNHD. (Report 3: Geotechnical Interpretation Report, on April 2005, Section 3.2, provided by
COMO) and uplift considered level -0.55 m QNHD (soffit of base slab).

It should be noted the groundwater levels are prone to fluctuations due to change in tides, dewatering,
rainfall and seasonal variations. Therefore, the highest possible water table is at level +2.50m (for
fluctuation) +0.9m =+ 3.40m QNHD.
Height of water on wall Dw=( 4.6M+0.80m) =5.40 m

The uplift water pressure for base slab Sw= (5.40m)* 10kN/m3 = 54.00 kN/m2

Max. Pressure due to hydrostatic, (max) = ywater* (Dw)=10.15*(5.40)= 54.81 kN/m2 ( @ bottom of wall)
Max. Pressure due to hydrostatic, (max) = ywater* (Dw)=10*(0)= 0 kN/m2 ( @ 4.10m height of wall)
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

3.4.5 Design Live Load Vertical: (Cl 3.2.2, BD31/01) (LC 5)

The live load on top of roof slab has been considered as 5.00 kPa (Footpath),as per BS 6399-1-
1996,Table-1.
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

3.5 Load Combinations

The load factor for load combination has been considered from Table-1 BD 37/01, also considered one
part of tank full and another empty condition, both part of tank empty, both part of tank full condition and
combination with live load and without live load those are addressed in the STAAD input comment sheet
in Appendix B;

3.6 Structural Element Characteristics

The RC water tank elements have been designed for following characteristics:
1. Should be able to transfer self weight of the structure.
2. Should be able to withstand super imposed dead loads and surcharge loads.
3. Should be able to withstand live load on top of slab and surcharge load.
4. Should be able to withstand lateral loads.
5. Should be able to resist the hydrostatic uplift pressure, sliding and settlement.

In summer outside air temperature Tsos=500C

5.0 Stability Checking Against Sliding: (Cl 3.4.1, BD31/01)

The loads to be applied simultaneously for checking the foundations against sliding shall be as follows:

The action forces :

The perimeter wall of RC tank is fully backfilled equally, thus, the effect of sliding are caused by
horizontal soil pressure, surcharge live load.
The action force is:
- Soil pressure + surcharge live load pressure
_F act = [((SLHt+SLHb)/2)*L*D] +[ Surcharge Live Load *L*D]
= 29.50*14.90*5+ 3x5x14.9 =2421 kN
Where,
L= Tank length=9.80m
D =Wall height =4.60m

The resisting forces:

∑F resist = µ* (Swt ) (for swt refer section 6.0)
= 0.55*6702 (soil friction co-efficient µ=tan(0.75*tan Ø)=tan 29 0=0.55)
= 3686 kN

The factor of safety F.O.S sliding=3686/2421=1.53 >1.5 OK

The tank overall structure is SAFE against sliding.

 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

6.0 Stability Checking Against Floating:

When Tank empty condition.
Total self-weight of tank, Swt.
Swt = s/w of top slab + s/w of base slab + wall s/w + s/w of soil on top of roof slab+ water proofing
concrete at top of slab +Live Load
= (0.25m*9.40m*6.40m*25kN/m3) + (0.30m*9.40m*6.40*25kN/m3)
+(62.20m*4.50m*0.30m*25kN/m3)+(9.80m*6.40m*0.83m*20kN/m3)+0.15*25*9.40*6.40+9.40*6.40*
10.00 =2786.3 kN

Minimum downward load = Swt- Live load= 2487-9.40*6.40*10=2185 KN

Downward Pressure, Sd = 5000 kN / base area =2185 kN / (9.40m*6.40m) = 36.34 kN/m2

Hydrostatic uplift pressure, Sw (BS 8007, 2.2.3.2)

Sw = 41.00 kN/m2 (refer section 3.4.6)

Factor of safety against floatation, F.O.S.

F.O.S. = Sd / Sw = 52 kN/m2 / 41.00 kN/m2

= 1.27 > 1.10, OK (BS 8007, 2.2.3.2)

The Water Tank overall structure is SAFE against floatation.

7.0 Earthquake Load Checking

7.1 Introduction:

According to the UBC 1997, Qatar fall with in Zone 0 , which value is significantly less. So that, Zone 1
with acceleration 0.075g has been considered in this calculation , cause occurrence of nearest seismic
sources along eastern margin of the Zagros Mountains in Iran. Apparently there is very minor seismic
activity north, northeast and west of the state of Qatar.

As per UBC Cl. 1804.5, Peak ground acceleration may be determined based on a site-specific study
taking into account soil amplification effects. In the absence of such a study, peak ground acceleration
may be assumed equal to the seismic zone factor in Table 16-I. There is no faults are mapped on the
geological map of Qatar.
7.2 Evaluating Earth Pressure By Mononobe-Okabe:
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

The wall seismic stability analyses can be checked by consider as follows, usually earth pressures are
calculated using of the Mononobe-Okabe equation (Mononobe, 1929 and Okabe, 1926). In its complete
form, the equation is written as:

The above figure shown definition of parameters for Mononobe-Okabe equation.

PAE is the combined active static and dynamic thrust, and the other quantities in the equation are:
γ = backfill soil density = 20 kN/m3
H =height of wall = 5.00m
∅=¿ angle of internal friction = 330
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018

δ = angle of friction between backfill and wall = 0

β =angle of inclination of back of wall = 0
i= angle of inclination of backfill = 0

φ = tan-1 (Nh/(1-Nv))

Nh= Horizontal acceleration in g = 0.075

Nv= Vertical acceleration in g = 0
φ =4.30

Active earth pressure coefficient due to Seismic load,

KAE= 0.77/((0.997*0.997*(1+sqrt[(0.54*0.48)/0.997)])^2) =0.34

Due to Nv=0, PAE= 1/2 KAE * H2*γ ,

According to section 3.4.3 of this calculation, the considered active pressure co-efficient

Ko=0.60 > KAE=0.34,

Therefore, the structure is SAFE against Seismic earth pressure.

8.0 Relevant Drawing:

The detailed drawing has been attached along with this calculation to understand the whole structure.

9.0 Summary & Discussion

The structural design of the RC water tank was done in conformity with applicable codes of BD 31/01
and QCS 2010 including the design loading criteria as per requirements of specified for the project.

The following limits states have been verified;

 Ultimate Limit States (ULS) are associated with collapse or other structural failure, for example,
through flexural failure, shear failure, stability.
 Serviceability Limit States (SLS) correspond to conditions beyond which specified service
requirements are no longer met, for example, excessive deformation, excessive cracking or stress.

From the output, the RC elements covered in this structural report are within allowable ULS & SLS limit
as per applicable standards. These structural elements have been verified and to have been designed with
safety factors in accordance with project specification, BD 31/01 and QCS 2010. The SLS & ULS
checking is addressed in the calculation in Appendix.
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018
 CLIENT: BL HATBERT INTERNATIONAL PROJECT: DESIGN AND BUILD OF
MODULAR BUILDING SITE
FACILITIES.
COMO
CONSTRUCTION Subject: SEWAGE HOLDING TANK CALCULATION
Prepared: AS Checked :SJ Approved : IG Date: Rev.: 00 Page:
30/04/2018