SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.

1.0 Introduction

This report presents a calculation and proposal of light weight steel roof trusses for the
proposed 34 Units Semi Detached Single Storey House of Villa Mas Project. The structural
concept adopted for the roofing system consists of roof truss design by using high-tensile
light weight steel of lip channel section.

2.0 Design Consideration and Calculation

2.1 Relevant Standard and Codes of Practice – Structural Steelworks

a) BS 6399: Part 1: Code of Practice For Dead and Imposed Loads

b) CP 3 : Chapter V : Part 2 : Wind Loads
c) Uniform Building By-Law (Malaysia)
e) BS 5950 : Structural use of steel in building
 Part 1 : 1990 – Code of practice for design in simple and continuous
construction : hot rolled sections
 Part 5 : 1987 – Code of practice for design of cold formed sections
j) BS 2994 : Cold rolled steel sections

2.2 Design Features

The structural steel roof truss form is generally designed for the following critical cases or
conditions :

a) Uplift due to wind load

b) Combined stresses or force
c) Axial load imposed on the truss
d) Handling and erection stresses

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.

2.3 Design Consideration and Method of Structural Analysis

2.3.1 General

The lightweight structural steel roof truss has been designed to ensure the fulfillment
of structural integrity, stability and serviceability, ease of construction, to satisfy the
requirement of durability, cost effectiveness and also towards aesthetic value.

2.3.2 Materials

i. All structural materials incorporated in the proposal are complied with relevant
Malaysian Standard and other well known International Standard by using Lipped
Channel profile with material strength of 550 N/mm2.

2.3.3 Structural Analysis

i. Loads and Forces that have been considered in the design could be outlined as
follows :

- Dead Load consists of self-weight of truss, concrete roof tiles, battens and other
associated elements.
- Wind Load
- Construction Load and Live Load
- Maintenance or Services Load

ii. Dead Load included the weight of the materials forming a permanent part of the
structural elements and all other permanent equipment and materials attached
thereto.

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.

Dead Load

Superimposed Dead Load Load (kN/m2)

Roofing material (concrete roof tiles) 0.44

Truss selfweight 0.06
Battens 0.04
Services 0.10
Ceiling 0.10

Live Load

Superimposed Live Load Load (kN/m2)

Live load – without access (except for

cleaning and repair 0.25

Wind Load Calculation

( Ref : BRE Digest 346 – The Assessment of Wind Load and complied with CP3 : Chapter V :
Part 2 : 1993)

Height of building structure, H = 3.2m use 5.0m

Assumed country terrain type,
for H = 5.0m, KH = 3.0 (Table 1 of BRE Digest 346)

Structural damping ratio, for lightly stiffened flexible steel or rc structures

KB = 20 (Table 2 of BRE Digest 346)

Factor, KF = KH/KB
= 3/20
= 0.15

Therefore, dynamic modification factor,

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.
CR = 1.0 (Figure 1 of BRE Digest 346 )

Wind speed at height 10.0 meter is given by,

VZ/V10 = (z/10)α

where,
V10 = wind speed at 10 meter above ground level
= 35 m/s
α = 0.16 for open country
z = height of building

thus,
VZ = V10 (z/10)α

= 35 (3.2/10)0.16

= 29.17 m/s
Dynamic pressure, qs = k (VZ)2
= 0.613 (29.17)2
= 0.52 kN/m2

Wind Load, WL = (Cpe – Cpi) qs

Where = Cpe and Cpi are pressure coefficients

External Pressure Coefficients Cpe for pitch roofs of rectangular clad buildings

DATA
Building Height, h 3.2 metre
Building Width, w 14.846 metre
Building height and width ratio, h/w 0.215 < 1/2
Roof angle 25 degrees
Wind angle 0 degree

With reference to Table 8 of CP3 : Chapter V : Part 2 : 1972, gives

External coefficients, Cpe for:

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.
Windward, WW = - 0.20
Leeward, WL = - 0.40

Whilst for Internal coefficient, C pi which is referred to Appendix E of the same reference gives
the following;

Permeable face = + 0.20

Impermeable face = - 0.30

Therefore :

During Construction
WW = (Cpe – Cpi) qs
= 0.052 kN/m2

WL = (Cpe – Cpi) qs
= - 0.052 kN/m2

Permanent
WW = (Cpe – Cpi) qs
= - 0.208 kN/m2

WL = (Cpe – Cpi) qs
= - 0.312 kN/m2 (This highest value will be used in analysis and design for the
trusses)

2.4 Calculations

2.4.1 Selection of Truss Members

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.

a) Lipped Channel Section Properties

Section SI7540-75
Depth, D 75 mm
Breadth, B 40 mm
Lips, s 9 mm
Thickness, t 0.75 mm
Weight 0.95 kg/m
Area, A 123.2 mm2
Second Moment of Area Ixx 114.2 x 103 mm4
Iyy 24.7 x 103 mm4
Radius of Gyration rxx 30.4 mm
ryy 14.1 mm
Elastic Modulus Zxx 3.1 x 103 mm3
Zyy 1.0 x 103 mm3
Torsional Constant, J 23.3 mm4
Warping Constant, Cw 28.4 cm6

b) Section Capacity

PARAMETERS ELASTIC CAPACITY

Moment Capacity, Mc 1.23 kNm
Shear Capacity, Pv 18.38 kN
Tensile Capacity, Pt 52.36 kN
Short Strut Capacity, Pcs 35.85 kN

2.4.2 Trusses Analysis and Design

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.

For trusses analysis and design, trusses marked as T3 and T8 were chosen since
they were having the most critical conditions in term of loading and span. Please
refer to APPENDIX 1 (Staad-Pro Output Results).

3.0 Conclusion

From the Staad-Pro output results, the proposed section, SI7540-75 for top and bottom
chords including for the internal members of the roof trusses are adequate to withstand the
ultimate for both construction and permanent loads.

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.

4.0 Appendix 1
(Staad-Pro Output Results)

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 SKYCO INDUSTRIES SDN. BHD.

PROPOSED 34 UNITS SEMI DETACHED SINGLE STOREY HOUSE OF VILLA MAS PROJECT
FOR : TETUAN EMICO DEVELOPMENT SDN. BHD.

5.0 Drawings

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