COMPRESSION

PERPENDICULAR AND LECTURE 13

ANGLE TO GRAIN
LAST MEETING, WE LEARNED TO …
✓Design or check the adequacy of a structural
member subjected to combined bending and
tension.

✓Design or check the adequacy of a structural

member subjected to combined bending and
compression.
THIS MEETING, WE WILL LEARN TO …
❑Design structural member or check the adequacy
of the given section subjected to compression
perpendicular and angle to grain using the adjusted
stresses provided by NSCP 2010
 COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR TO GRAIN
➢Occurs at beam supports or where loads from other
members frame into the beam
➢For the interior supports, the allowable bearing stress is
increase since there are unstressed area surrounding the
stressed area
➢To account for the effective increase in the bearing
stress, the allowable stress is adjusted using the bearing
area factor, Cb
COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR TO GRAIN
1.) For Sawn Lumber only: ′
𝑭𝑪⊥ = 𝑭𝑪⊥ ∗ 𝑪𝒃 ∗ 𝑪𝑴

Where: lb = length of bearing in mm

′
𝐹𝐶⊥ = Adj. Allowable stress in compression perpendicular to grain
𝐹𝐶⊥ = Allowable stress in compression perpendicular to grain
 COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR TO GRAIN
➢For bearing of less than 150mm in length and not
nearer than 75mm to the end of the member, the
maximum allowable load per square mm may be
obtained by multiplying the allowable unit stresses in
compression perpendicular to grain by the factor
indicated by:

Which lb is the length of bearing in mm measured

along the grain of the wood
COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR TO GRAIN
➢The allowable unit stresses for
compression perpendicular to grain in
table nos. 6.1 and 6.17 in NSCP
apply to bearings 150 mm or more in
length at any other location.

Cb = 1.0
 COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR TO GRAIN
2.) For Glue laminated and Built-up Members:
′
𝑭𝑪⊥ = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟑𝑭𝑪⊥
Where:
′
𝐹𝐶⊥ = Adj. allowable stress in compression perpendicular to grain
𝐹𝐶⊥ = Allowable stress in compression perpendicular to grain
COMPRESSION ANGLE TO GRAIN
 COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR AND
ANGLE TO GRAIN
The allowable stress in compression at an angle of load to grain is
determined by the Hankinson Equation:

𝐹𝐶 ′𝐹𝐶⊥ ′
𝐹𝑛 =
𝐹𝐶 ′𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝐹𝐶⊥ ′𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
‘

‘
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR AND ANGLE TO GRAIN
A 75x250 mm rafter is
supported by a stud
wall as shown below.
Use FC = 12 MPa and
FC⊥ = 5.6 MPa. Check
the adequacy of the
rafter. Assume normal
load duration and wet
service condition.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR AND ANGLE TO GRAIN
SOL’N: ACTUAL BEARING STRESS < ALLOWABLE BEARING STRESS
fn < Fn

SIDE VIEW
c.) Since fn = 6.0 MPa < Fn = 4.658 MPa
Therefore, the rafter is inadequate.
 PRACTICE PROBLEM:
COMPRESSION PERPENDICULAR AND ANGLE TO GRAIN
The end joint of a wooden truss is shown. The 75mm
x 150mm top chord makes an angle of 30° with
the 75mm x 250mm bottom chord. BC = 85mm.
Use allowable compression parallel to the grain of
11.0 MPa and allowable compression normal to
grain of 4.80 MPa. Find the maximum safe
compressive load P, considering only surface BC as
critical. Assume normal load duration and dry
service condition.