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Orifice Meter

 Orifice meters are a type of differential meter which infer the 
rate of gas flow by measuring the pressure difference across a 
deliberately designed and installed flow disturbance.

hw
Orifice Meter
Orifice Meter Equation
The gas static pressure, density, and temperature must be 
measured or known in addition to the differential pressure. 

qh  C' hw  p f hw

q h    Flow  Rate ,  scfh

C' = Orifice Flow Constant

hw  = Differential Pressure, inches of water 
Pf = Absolute Static Pressure, psia
Orifice Meter Equation
hp
w
218.59CD  Tb  1
2
1 1
qh  2
  p  p
 1   4
  pb  T g z

d

D

p
Orifice Flow Constant 
C'  Fb  Fr Y  Fpb  Ftb  Ftf  Fg  Fpv  F1  Fa  Fm

Fb  Basic Orifice Factor
Fr  Reynolds Number Factor
Y = Expansion Factor
Fpb  Base Pressure Factor
Ftb  Base Temperature Factor
Ftf  Flowing Temperature Factor
Fg  Gas Gravity Factor
Fpv  Super‐compressibility Factor
F1  Gauge Location Factor
Fa  Orifice Theramal Expansion Factor
Fm  Manometer Factor (Mercury Meter)
Fb  Basic Orifice Factor
Fr  Reynolds Number Factor
b
Fr  1 
hw  p f
Y = Expansion Factor
Other Orifice Constants 

14.73
Base Pressure Factor  Fpb 
pb
t  460
Base Temperature Factor  Ftb  b
520
520
Flowing Temperature Factor  Ftf 
t f  460
1
Gas Gravity Factor  Fg 
g
1
Super‐compressibility Factor  Fpv 
z
Other Orifice Constants 

g
The Gauge Location Factor  Fl   
32.17405
g=3.2808  10
‐2
 9.7801855  10 2 3 3 5 5
 2.8247  10 L  2.029  10 L  1.5058  10 L  9.4  10 H
2 3

L  Latitude ,deg
H=Elevation above sea level, ft

Thermal Expansion Factor  Fa =1+1.8  10 ‐5  t  t m 
t m  Temperature during orifice boring ,o F

patm  hw 27.707
62.3663 ‐
The Manometer   Factor  Fm  192.4
62.3663
Only for mercury differential gauges above 500 psia
RECORDER
Square‐root Chart
2
 Chart Reading 
hw    Rh
 10 
Rh  Differential Pressure Range, in

2
 Chart Reading 
pf    Rp
 10 
Rp  Static Pressure Range, psi
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution
Solution

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