dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkg (Human Resource Management) M

x/]s ;+u&gn] sÒg} lglZrt p@]Zo÷nIo xfl;n ug{sf nflu :yfkgf ePsf xÒG%g\ . lt nIo xfl;n ug{sf nflu ;+u&gn]
ljleGg lsl;dsf ;|f]t / ;fwgx?sf] kl/rfng ub{% . sRrf kbfy{, kÒ¤hL, k|ljwL, ;Òrgf tyf sd{rf/Lx? tL nIo xfl;n
ug{sf nflu kl/rfnLt ul/g] dxGjkÒ)f{ ;+;fwg xÒg .

;+u&gdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ dfgj ;+;fwg elgG% . Ifdtfjfg sd{rf/L h;n] ;+u&gsf nIo xfl;n ug{sf lglDt
cfkm\gf] !fg, ;Lk, bIftf tyf cgÒejnfO{ ;+u&gsf lgDtL k|of]u ub{%g\ tL ;a} JolQmx? ;+u&gsf lgDtL dfgj ;+;fwg
xÒg . dfgj ;+;fwgsf] pkl:yltdf dfq ;+u&gn] nIo xfl;n ug{ ;Sg] ePsfn] dfgj ;+;fwg x/]s ;+u&gsf] s]Gb|ljGbÒ
xf] . dfgj ;+;fwgljgf ;+u&gsf] cl:tTj ;+ej xÒb}g .

dfgj ;+;fwgsf] k|flKt, ljsf;, pTk|]/)ff / cgÒ/If)f jf ;Def/ sfo{x?sf] ;dli^ut k|s[of xf] . dfgj ;+;fwg
Joj:yfkgdf ;+u&gdf dflg;sf] egf{, %gf}^, tflnd, kÒ/:sf/ / dÒNof+sg ug{sf lglDt cfjZos kg]{ gLlt tyf
cEof;x? ;dfj]z xÒG%g\ . dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkg ;+:yfut nIo kÒ/f ug{ cfjZos kg]{ >d zlQmsf] of]hgf, %gf}^,
bIftf tyf of]Uotf clej[l$ ug]{, pTk|]l/t ug]{ Pj+ ;do ;fk]If sd{rf/Lsf] p@]ZonfO{ ;+u&gfTds p@]Zo;¤u ldnfg u/L
a(LeGbf a(L pTkfbgl;n agfpg] sfo{ xf] . o;sf Major Components x? o;k|sf/sf %g\ M

k|flKt sfo{ (Acquisition Function) M k|flKt sfo{n] ;+u&gsf] cfjZostf cgÒ?k dfgj ;+;fwgsf] egf{ tyf %gf}^
;+u ;DaGw /fVb% . k|flKt sfo{sf] ;Ò?jft dfgj ;+;fwg of]hgf (Human Resource Planning) thÒ{df af^ xÒG% .
dfgj ;+;fwg of]hgfn] ;+u&gnfO{ eljZodf cfjZos kg]{ dfgj ;+;fwgsf] kÒjf{gÒdfg ug]{ sfo{ ub{% . k|flKt sfo{
cGtu{t dfgj ;+;fwg of]hgf, sfo{ ljZn]if)f, egf{, %gf}^ tyf ;dflhs/)f kb{%g\ .
ljsf; sfo{ (Development Function_ M ;+u&gdf %gf}^ ePsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] !fg, ;Lk, cgÒej tyf of]Uotf
a(fpgsf lglDt ljleGg lsl;dsf tflnd tyf ljsf;sf sfo{qmd NofpgÒkb{% . gof k|ljlwdf sfd ug{, wastage
nfO{ sd ug{ / pTkfbsTj a[l$ ug{ tflndsf] cfjZostf kb{% . sd{rf/LnfO{ ljleGg kbdf cfjZos l;k xfl;n
ug{sf lglDt ljsf; sfo{ cTofjZos xÒG% . o; sfo{ cGtu{t sd{rf/L tflnd, Joj:yfkg ljsf;, sd{rf/L a[lQ
ljsf;, ;+u&g ljsf; sfo{x? kb{%g\ .
pTk|]/)ff sfo{ (Motivation Funciton) M ;+u&gdf ;xL kbdf ;xL JolQmsf] rog u/]/ pgLx?sf] clwstd pkof]u
ugÒ{kb{% . pgLx?sf] !fg, ;Lk, bIftf tyf cgÒejnfO{ ;+u&gsf] lxtsf lglDt k|of]u ugÒ{kb{% . To;sf lglDt
pgLx?nfO{ pTk|]l/t ugÒ{kb{% . pTk|]l/t sd{rf/Ln] dfq} cfkm\gf ;DkÒ)f{ k|oTg ;+u&gsf] lxtsf lglDt nufp¤%g\ . o;
sfo{ cGtu{t pTk|]l/t ug]{, sfo{;Dkfbg dÒNof+sg ug]{, kÒ/:sf/ Joj:yfkg ug]{, IfltkÒlt{ tyf nfe Joj:yfkg cflb
kb{%g\ .
cgÒ/If)f sfo{ (Maintainance Function): ;+u&gdf sfo{/t of]Uo, ;Ifd, bIf / st{Jolgi^ sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lg/Gt/
;+u&gdf g} sfd ul//xg] aftfj/)f l;h{gf ugÒ{ kb{% . of] sfo{nfO{ cgÒ/If)f elgG% . /fd|f sd{rf/Lx?n] ;+u&g
%f]*g] b/ a(L ePdf ;+u&gn] slxNo} klg k|ult ug{ ;Sb}g . tL sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;GtÒi^ agfP/, pgLx?sf] dgf]jfn
pRr agfP/ tyf pgLx?nfO{ eljio k|lt cfjZj:t agfP/ of]] sfo{ ug{ ;lsG% . dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn] x/]s
sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{;Dkfbg dÒNof+sg u/L pkoÒQm sd{rf/Lsf lglDt plrt jftfj/)f tof/ kf/]/ cgÒ/If)f ug]{ ub{%g\ .
cgÒ/If)f sfo{ cGtu{t ;ÒdwÒ/ >d ;DaGw, sd{rf/L sNof)f, k|efjsf/L ;+rf/ cflb kb{%g\ .
dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgsf] p@]Zo (Objectives of Human Resource Management) M

dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgsf lglZrt nIo tyf p@]Zo xÒG%g\ . tL p@]Zox? lgDg cgÒ;f/ pNn]v ul/Psf] % M

;fwgx?sf] clwstd ;bÒkof]u ugÒ{ (Maximum Unitization of Resources) M ;+u&gdf /x]sf dfgjLo tyf cGo
ef}lts ;fwgx?sf] clwstd ;bÒkof]u u/L ;+u&gnfO{ lg/Gt/ ?kdf ;+rfng ugÒ{ dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgsf]
k|dÒv p@]Zo xf] .
;+u&fgTds p@]Zo k|fKt ugÒ{ (Achieving Organizational Goals): ;+u&gn] ljleGg lsl;dsf nIo lnPsf
xÒG%g\ . gfkmf a(fpg], ;]jf lbg], ahf/ lj:tf/ ug]{, pTkfbsTj a(fpg], a:tÒ ljsf; ug]{, ;fdflhs pQ/bfO{Tj
axg ug]{, cflb s]xL k|rlnt nIo xÒg\ . oL nIo xfl;n ug{sf lglDt ljleGg ;fwg;|f]tsf] kl/rfng ugÒ{kb{% .
dfgj ;+;fwg ljgf tL ;fwg;|f]tsf] kl/rfng c;+ej xÒG% . dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn] plrt !fg, ;Lk tyf
bIftf ePsf sd{rf/Lx? k|fKt ug]{, ljsf; ug]{ tyf pTk|]l/t u/]/ tL nIo xfl;n ug]{ p@]Zo lnPsf] xÒG% . cyf{t
dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkg dfgj ;+;fwgsf] plrt kl/rfng u/]/ ;+u&gsf nIo xfl;n ug]{ p@]Zo lnPsf] xÒG% .
JolQmut p@]Zo xfl;n ugÒ{ (Achieving Personal Goals) M sd{rf/Lx?n] JolQmut p@]Zo xfl;n xÒg] Uof/])^L
gePdf ;+u&gsf] lxtsf] nflu sfd ub}{gg\ . t;y{, dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn] ;+u&gsf] p@]Zo / sd{rf/Lsf]
JolQmut p@]Zosf] jLrdf ;dGjosf/L eÒdLsf lgaf{x ugÒ{kb{% . o;sf lglDt ;dofgÒsÒn tna tyf Hofnfdf a[l$
ug]{, sfo{ ;Ò/Iff tyf ;fdflhs ;Ò/Iffsf gLltx? thÒ{df u/]/ sfof{Gjog ug]{, sfo{lhjg uÒ)f:t/ Joj:yfkg ug]{
cflb sfo{x? ul/G% . oL ;a} sfo{x? dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn] ug]{ ub{% .
pTkfbsTj a[l$ ug]{ (Increasing Productivity): ;xL ;dodf ;xL dfgj ;+;fwgsf] Joj:Yf u/]/, pgLx?nfO{
ljleGg lsl;dsf tflnd tyf ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx? NofP/, pTk|]l/t u/]/ tyf ljleGg lsl;dsf ;Ò/Iffsf of]hgfx?
cufl* ;f/]/ ;+u&gsf] pTkfbsTj a(fpg] dxTjkÒ)f{ p@]Zo klg dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn] lnPsf] xÒG% .
kl/jt{gsf lglDt tTk/ agfpg] (Readiness to Change) M Joj;fosf] aftfj/)f kl/jt{gl;n % . aftfj/)fdf
cfpg] kl/jt{g cgÒ?k sd{rf/Lx?n] klg cfkmÒnfO{ ;dofgÒsÒn agfpg ;SgÒ kb{% . t/ dfgjLo :jefjsf sf/)f
sd{rf/Ln] cEo:t ePsf] sfo{ aftfj/)f, k|ljlw tyf lhDd]jf/L kl/jt{g ug{ rfxb}gg\ . dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn]
ljleGg lsl;dsf /)fgLlt tof/ kf/]/ sd{rf/LnfO{ kl/jt{gsf lglDt tTk/ agfpg] p@]Zo lnPsf] xÒG% .
sfo{;GtÒli^ a(fpg] (Improving Job Satisfaction) M sd{rf/Ln] l%^f] l%^f] sfd %f]*g] cj:yf l;h{gf ePdf
;+u&gn] cfkm\gf] p@]Zo xfl;n ug{ ;Sb}g . t;y{ dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn] sd{rf/Ln] nfdf] ;do;Dd cfkm\gf]
;+u&gleq sfd ul//xÒg eGg] rfxgf /fv]sf] xÒG% . hj;Dd sd{rf/L cfkm\gf] sfd tyf ;+u&gsf] sfo{
aftfj/)faf^ ;GtÒi^ xÒb}gg\ of] rfxgf ckÒ/f] xÒG% . sfo{ ;GtÒli^ a(fpgsf lglDt sfo{lhjgsf] uÒ)f:t/ a[l$
ugÒ{kb{% . sfd ug]{ jftfj/)f ;Òljwf;DkGg agfpg], sfo{ ;Ò/Iffsf] k|TofeÒtL lbnfpg], :tl/o d]l;gsf] Joj:yf ug]{,
sfof{nodf cf/fd ug]{, vfhf vfg] Joj:yf ug]{, cflb Joj:yfn] sfo{ lhjgsf] uÒ)f:t/df a[l$ xÒG% . kmn:j?k
sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{ ;GtÒli^ a(fpg ;lsG% .
dfgj ;+;fwg of]hgf tof/ kfg]{ (Preparing Human Resource Planning) M dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn]
jt{dfg ;+u&gdf pknAw dfgj ;+;fwgsf] pkof]unfo{ dfq} Wofg lb¤b}g . eljiosf] sÒg ;dodf, slt, s:tf] ;Lk
ePsf sd{rf/L lng], slt sd{rf/LnfO{ sÒg ;dodf s:tf] tflndsf] Joj:yf ug]{, slt sd{rf/L sÒg ;dodf sÒg
kbsf nflu tof/ kfg]{ h:tf of]hgfx? agfpg] / sfof{Gjog ug]{ p@]Zo klg o;n] lnPsf] xÒG% .
;+/rgf cgÒ/If)f (Maintaining Organizational Structure) M ljleGg kb tyf tx?sf] l;h{gf u/]/ ;+u&gsf]
;+/rgf tof/ ul/G% . ;+u&g ;+/rgf ljgf ;+u&gn] cfkm\gf] nIo xfl;n ug{ ;Sb}g . dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn]
;+u&gdf ;Dkfbg ugÒ{kg]{ sfo{x?sf] k|s[ltsf] cfwf/df ljleGg kbx?sf] ;+/rgf tof/ kf/L kbkÒlt{ ;d]t ub{% .
t;y{, dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkgn] plrt tl/sfn] ;+u&g ;+/rgf tof/ kf/]/ ;DkÒ)f{ sfo{;Dkfbg lgoldt tl/sfn]
;Dkfbg u/fpg] p@]Zo lnPsf] xÒG% .
dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkg k|)ffnL (Human Resource Management System):

dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkg Ps k|)ffnL xf] . o;sf] cfkm\g} ;xfos k|)ffnLx? %g\ . dfgj ;+;fwg Joj:yfkg k|)ffnLdf
k|j]z (Input), ?kfGt/)f k|s[of (Processing/Transformation) / k|ltkmn (Output) u/L tLg j^f Component ;dfj];
%g\ . of] vÒnf k|)ffnL xf] . o;nfO{ jfXo aftfj/)fn] k|efj kfb{% .

Input:

Organizational Plan
Organizational Policies
HR Plan
Job Analysis
Labor Market

Processing/Transformation:

Acquisition
Development
Motivation
Maintenance

Output:

Quality of Work Life (QWL)

Productivity
Readiness to Change
Competitive Advantage