IGNEOUS ROCK Weathering

Formed by the cooling of molten • The conversion of intact mass of rocks to

materials (magma)pushed up to the smaller pieces.
earth surface
Exmple:Granite,gabbro,rhyolite, basalt1. MECHANICAL WEATHERING
>Rock is disintegrated mechanically.
The material naturally obtained
from
>This actions taken weathering or decomposition
are:
SEDIMENTARY ROCK Sediment is smaller pieces of or disintegration of rocks.
-Grinding
rock.Before being deposited sediment Soil mechanic-Abrasion
Rock cycle process
was formed by weathering and -Shattering
erosion in asource area,and then
Types
transported to the placeof
ofRock
deposition
>Agents of weathering:
by water,wind,ice,glaciers.
What is soil??
Example:sandstone,shale,gypsum -Changes in temperature -Flowing water
METAMORPHIC ROCK -Frost action -Wind action

-Plants and animalsINTRODUCTION

-Earth quake
TO
Igneous or sedimentary rocks that 2. CHEMICAL WEATHERING
have been reformed because of>Rock GEOTECHNICS
heat is dicomposed chemically.
Example:marble,slate,schist,phyllite TRANSPORTED
ORGANIC
>Action taken through: TOP SOILSOIL
MARINESOIL
RESIDUAL CLAY
-oxidation -hydration -carbonation
1 .Being
.Is
issoft
thetransported
1.Residual
1.Top soil soil that
soil
top could
is formed
layer by
-nitration -leaching erosion
be founs
of soilbyfound
organic
throught agent
widely
onacid suchat
the weatheringthe
as
water,
coastal
surfaceprocess wind,
and offshore
glaciers,
of original
of the earth. or
rock.
gravity, Example:
areas.
2 .It occurs
2.It contains when the
organic
A.Glacial
2 . Associated
soils:
weathering rate
materials. with
formedhighby
exceeds
transportation
settlement andand agent
the rate of erosion
3.The thickness
deposit of the soil
instability.poor
glaciers. soil
that transported the soil.
is generally not exceeding
properties that are not
B.
3 Marine soils:
.Laterites formed
500mm. suitable for are formed
engineering
by
fromdeposition
limestoneinthat the seas.
has
4.It mustrequirements.
be removed
theAeolionsoils:
action of rain water
beforeC. 3start
. The any have higher
that cansoils
dissolve
transported
construction project.and the
proportion
limestone. of organic
deposited by the wind