SUMMATIVE TEST NO.

1
GRADE 8, FOURTH QUARTER
DIRECTION: Read and analyze each given statement. Write only the letter of the best answer on your answer sheet.

1. An “if and only if” statement is called ____________________.

A. Negation B. Conditional C. Biconditional D. Counterexample

2. In which form do you write the converse of a conditional in the form “If p, then q”?
A. If p, then q B. If q, then p C. If p, then q D. If q, then
p

3. It is a particular example or instance that shows a statement is false.

A. Logic B. Reasoning C. Conjecture D. Counterexample

4. This type of reasoning uses specific examples to arrive at a general rule, generalizations, or conclusions.
A. Logic B. Reasoning C. Deductive Reasoning D. Inductive Reasoning

5. This type of reasoning is made using general statements to arrive at a conclusion.

A. Logic B. Reasoning C. Deductive Reasoning D. Inductive Reasoning

6. The following are considered as general statements, EXCEPT:

A. Axioms B. Theorems C. Postulates D. Observations

7. A conditional statement is formed by two clauses, the if-clause and the then-clause. Which of the following best defines the
relationship between the two?
A. The if-clause and the then-clause are hypothesis.
B. The if-clause and the then-clause are conclusions.
C. The if-clause is the hypothesis and the then-clause is the conclusion.
D. The if-clause is the conclusion and the then-clause is the hypothesis.

8. Which of the following statements illustrates the equivalence of a conditional statement and its contrapositive?
A. A conditional statement and its contrapositive are always true.
B. A conditional statement and its contrapositive are always false.
C. A conditional statement and its contrapositive have the same truth values.
D. A conditional statement and its contrapositive have different truth values.

9. If garbages are disposed properly, then dengue diseases will be prevented. What do you call the underlined portion in this
conditional statement?
A. conclusion B. hypothesis C. argument D. converse

10. Determine the conclusion in the conditional statement, “If two angles are congruent, then they have equal measures”.
A. two angles are congruent C. they have equal measures
B. two angles have equal measures D. If two angles are congruent, then they have equal measures.

11. Transform the statement, “I study hard to pass the exam” to if-then form.
A. I will study hard if I pass the exam.
B. I will pass the exam if I study hard.
C. If I study hard, then I will pass the exam.
D. If I pass the exam, then I will study hard.

12. Which of the following best describes deductive reasoning?

A. Using logic to draw conclusions based on accepted statements
B. Accepting the meaning of a term without definition
C. Defining mathematical terms in relation with physical objects
D. Inferring a general truth by examining a number of specific examples

13. Which situation uses deductive method of reasoning?

A. You have observed that for 7 consecutive weeks, your teacher always gives quiz on Friday. Since tomorrow is Friday, you
conclude that your teacher will give a quiz again.
B.All acute triangles have three acute angles. Triangle PJO is an acute triangle. Therefore, triangle PJO has three acute
angles.
C. Every time Richard shoots the ball at the left side of the basketball ring, he misses. He then concludes that if he will
shoot on the right side of the ring, he will make a good shoot.
 D. Sandy earned A’s on her first six geometry tests so she concludes that she will always earn A’s on geometry tests.

14. Which of the following arguments is inductive in nature?

A. My pencil fell earthward.
My book fell earthward.
The stone fell earthward.
The bag fell earthward.
Therefore, all materials fell earthward
B. All birds are animals.
The parrot is a bird.
Therefore, the parrot is an animal.
C. All plants are organisms.
Some green beings are plants.
Some green beings are organisms.
D. A square has equal sides.
A square is a parallelogram that has equal sides.

15. Which of the following best describes a counterexample to the assertion “The sum of two odd numbers is odd.”.
A. 6 + 2 = 8 B. 3 + 3 = 6 C. 5 + 4 = 9 D. 4 + 9 = 13

16. “If two angles are supplementary, then one is acute and one is obtuse.’’ Which of the following best describes a
counterexample to the assertion above?
A. two acute angles C. two obtuse angles
B. two nonadjacent angles D. two right angles

17. The statement “If q, then p” is a TRUE STATEMENT. Which of the following is also a true statement?
A. If p, then q. C. If p, then ~p.
B. If ~p, then ~q. D. If ~q, then ~p.

18. Write the following statement in if-then form. “All chimpanzees love banana.”
A. If an animal loves banana, then it is a chimpanzee.
B. If an animal is a chimpanzee, then it loves banana.
C. If an animal doesn’t love banana, then it is not a chimpanzee.
D. If an animal is not a chimpanzee, then it doesn’t love banana.

19. The If-then form of the statement "Parallel lines never intersect,” is:
A. If two lines intersect, then they are parallel.
B. If two lines are parallel, then they never intersect.
C. If two lines are not parallel, then they intersect.
D. If two lines intersect, then they are not parallel.

20. Rewrite the statement "A quadrilateral is a figure with four sides." in the If-then form.
A. A figure has four sides if and only if it is a quadrilateral.
B. If a figure is a quadrilateral, then it has four sides.
C. If a figure has four sides, then it is a quadrilateral.
D. A figure is a quadrilateral if and only if it has four sides.

21. Which of the following conclusions is not based on inductive reasoning?

A. Every Wednesday Lucy’s mother calls. Today is Wednesday, so Lucy concludes her mother will call
B. Whenever Julia has attended a tutoring session she notices that her grades have improved. Julia attended tutoring
session and she concludes her grades will improve.
C. In Miguel’s town, the month of April had the most rain for the past 5 years. He thinks that April will have the most rain
this year.
D. Sandra learned that if it is cloudy at night it will not be as cold in the morning as it would be if there are no clouds at
night. Sandra knows it will be cloudy tonight, so she believes it will not be cold tomorrow morning.

22. “A person must have a membership card in Banahaw spa in order to avail discounts. Jenn has a Banahaw
membership card.” Which of the following must be a valid conclusion?
A. Jenn is a member of Banahaw spa.
B. Jenn goes to Banahaw Spa every month.
C. Jenn paid to get a Banahaw membership card.
D. Jenn receives discount for every service she avails in Banahaw Spa
23. Which statement is logically equivalent to the statement below?
“If it rains today, then the game will be cancelled.
Cancelled games are made up on Saturdays.”
A. If a game is cancelled, it was because of the rain.
B. If it rains today, the game will be made up on Saturday.
C. Some cancelled games are not made up on Saturday.
D. If it does not rain today, the game will not be made up on Saturday.

24. Which of the following pairs of statements illustrate the equivalence between a
conditional statement and its contrapositive?
A. If a number is 5, then it is odd.
If a number is odd, then it is 5.
B. If it is my birthday, then I got a cake.
If I got a cake, then it is not my birthday.
C. If a polygon is a square, then it is a rectangle.
If a polygon is not a square, then it is not a rectangle.
D. If you are in Manila, then you are in the Philippines.
If you are not in the Philippines, then you are not in Manila.

25. Which among the following statements is the converse of the conditional statement below?
“If two triangles are congruent, then their corresponding parts are also congruent.”
A. If two triangles are congruent, then the congruent parts correspond.
B. If two triangles are not congruent, then their corresponding parts are also not congruent.
C. If the corresponding parts of two triangles are congruent, then the two triangles are congruent.
D. If the corresponding parts of two triangles are not congruent, then the two triangles are not congruent.

26. Give the converse of the statement, “If the sum of two angles is 180°, then the angles are supplementary.”
A. If two angles are supplementary, then their sum is 180°.
B. If the sum of two angles is not 180°, then the angles are not supplementary.
C. If two angles are not supplementary, then their sum is not 180°.
D. If the sum of two angles is not 180°, then the angles are supplementary.

27. What is the inverse of the statement "If the number is divisible by 2 and 3, then it is divisible by 6.”
A. If the number is divisible by 6, then it is divisible by 2 and 3.
B. If the number is not divisible by 2 and 3, then it is not divisible by 6.
C. If the number is not divisible by 6, then it is not divisible by 2 and 3.
D. If the number is divisible by 2 and 3, then it is not divisible by 6.

28. Which among the statements is the inverse of the following conditional statement?
“If P is the midpoint of segment QC, then QP = PC.”
A. If QP = PC, then P is the midpoint of (QC).
B. If P is not the midpoint of (QC), then QP ≠ PC.
C. If QP ≠ PC, then P is not the midpoint of (QC).
D. If QP = PC, then P is not the midpoint of (QC).

29. Identify the inverse of the if-then statement:

“If today is Thursday, then tomorrow is Friday”.
A. If today is Thursday, then tomorrow is Friday.
B. If tomorrow is Friday, then today is Thursday.
C. If today is not Thursday, then tomorrow is not Friday.
D. If tomorrow is not Friday, then today is not Thursday.

30. How do you state the converse of the contrapositive of the following statement?
“If a polygon is a square, then it is a parallelogram.”
A. If a polygon is a parallelogram, then it is a square.
B. If a polygon is not a parallelogram, then it is not a square.
C. If a polygon is not a square, then it is not a parallelogram.
D. A polygon is a square if and only if it is a parallelogram.
"My formula for living is quite simple. I get up in the
morning I go to bed at night. In between,
I occupy myself as Best as I can"
Cary Grant