Project: Bridge Abutment Date:

Location : Designed by: YS

Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Material properties
Concrete grade: M 25
Steel grade: Fe 415

Unit weight:
Unit weight of water Yw 10 kN/m³
Unit weight of backfill soil Ys 18 kN/m³
Saturated Unit weight of soil Ysat 21 kN/m³
Unit weight of concrete Yc 24 kN/m³
Soil bearing capacity 200 kN/m³ From soil test report
Horizontal seismic coefficient αh 0.12 IRC 6 : 2014 : 219
Vertical seismic coefficient αv 0.08 IRC 6 : 2014 : 219
Variation in temperature θ 15 °C
Angle of internal friction of soil φ 28.5 degree

Geometric properties:
Span of bridge L 25 m

Bearing : Neoprene pads

Number of bearing on each abutment 3 no.
Thickness of bearing (400x400) tb 50 mm
Number of plates embedded n 5 no.
Thickness of each plate tp 3 mm

Elevation of High Flood Level 135.53 m From Hydrology report

Free board 1.5 m
Elevation of Soffit level 137.03 m
Depth of superstructure deck 2.40 m
Elevation of Deck surface 139.48 m
Scour Depth dm 5.10 m From Hydrology report
Abutment scour level /Pier 130.43 m
Stem base level 130.43 m

Stem Dimension
Stem Length [width of bridge deck] Ls 8.40 m
Thickness of Abutment cap 1.40 m
Stem Height Hs 5.16 m
Rectangular width [at base] wrs 1.25 m
Triangular width [at base] wts 0.40 m
Base width wb 1.65 m

Abutment Cap
Height of abutment top cap ( 0.46 - 0.6 m) Hc 0.50 m
Width of cap Bc 1.65 m
Abutment cap width from dirt wall 1.25

Back wall dimension [dirt wall dimesnion]

Height of back Wall [dirt wall] Hb 2.45 m
Width of back wall [dirt wall thickness] Bb 0.40 m

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 Project: Bridge Abutment Date:
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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Fillet Dimension of dirt wall

Width of fillet wf 0.25 m
Height of rectangle Hr 0.25 m
Height of triangle for dirt wall and below
aboutment cap Htr 0.25 m
Total Height Hf 0.50 m

Approach slab thickness tas 0.25 m

Height of abutment H 8.11 m
Length of abutment Lab 8.40 m
Bearing centre from dirt wall 0.450 m
Bearing centre from heel Lc 0.85 m

Loading from Superstructure

Reaction at Bearing
Non-seismic condition
Dead load
Vertical reaction 728.84 kN
Horizontal reaction 0.00 kN

Live load
Vertical reaction 305.26 kN
Horizontal reaction 0.00 kN

Seismic condition
Dead load
Vertical reaction 787.15 kN
Horizontal reaction 0.00 kN

Live load
Vertical reaction 329.68 kN
Horizontal reaction 0.00 kN

Dead load from Superstructure

Dead load from Girder 728.84 kN
Assuming weight of bearings and expansion joints 20.0 kN
Total dead load 748.84 kN
Length of abutment 8.400 m
DL per metre length of abutment 89.147 kN/m

Live load from Superstructure

Class A loadings
Maximum Reaction 305.26 kN
Impact Factor= (1+4.5/(9+L)) 1.13
Maximum Reaction including impact 345.66 kN
L.L. per length of abutment 41.15 kN/m
Total load from Superstructure 130.30 kN/m

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

0.450

2.45 2.40
Expansion joint 1.25

Dirt wall
0.50

Bearing
-0.021
0.871
5.16

Breast wall

3.241 Toe
Heel

X 1.25

0.40

0.25

0.25

0.50

0.40

1.65

0.25
0.25

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 Project: Bridge Abutment Date:
Location : Designed by: YS
Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

ANALYSIS OF FORCES
Self weight of abutment
Taking moment of forces from the heel of stem, from X
Area Lever arm Weight
Designation
m2 x (m) y (m) (kN)
Rectangular stem 6.45 0.875 2.58 1300.32
Triangular stem 1.032 1.63 1.720 208.05
Abutment cap 0.825 0.825 5.410 166.32
Back wall [Dirt wall] 0.98 0.20 6.885 197.57
Rectangular Fillet 0.063 -0.125 7.735 12.60
Triangular fillet 0.031 -0.083 7.527 6.30
Triangular portion below abutment cap 0.031 0.083 4.993 6.30
Total 9.412 1897.46
Position of CG 0.871 3.241
Position of CG relative to superstructure load point = -0.021 m

Non-seismic forces on the abutment

Braking force:
Braking force = 20% of the weight of the design vehicle (Class A)
And this force acts along the bridge at 1.2 m above the road level (IRC:6-2014, 214.1)

Total weight of the IRC Class A vehicle 554 kN IRC:6-2014, 204.1

Braking force 110.8 kN
Force on one abutment wall 55.4 kN
Therefore braking force length br_f 6.595 kN/m
(Note: Braking force is shared by the abutment and neighbouring pier)

Frictional force due to resistance of bearings (temperature effect)

Coefficient of Thermal expansion 1.20E-05 m/°C (IRC:6-2014, 215.4)
Strain Due to temperature variation 1.8E-04 m
Strain Due to Concrete shrinkage 2.0E-04 m (IRC:6-2014, 217.3)
Total strain 3.80E-04 kN

Horizontal deformation of deck due to total strain affecting one abutment 4.75E-03 m
Strain in bearing = Deformation / Elastomer thickness 1.36E-01
2
Assuming G 1.00 N/mm
Horizontal force due to longitudinal strain at bearing level 8.01 kN/m
1.1*strain*G*(Area of bearing plates)*(No. of bearing plates)/Width (IRC:6-2014, 707.2.3)
Total horizontal force due to temperature 67.31 kN

Effect of buyoncy
Depth of submerged part of abutment 5.10 m
2
Area of stem at base 13.86 m
2
Area of stem at top 10.5 m
Width of stem at HFL point 1.255 m
2
Area of stem at HFL 10.539 m
Volume of submerged part of abutment 62.218 m³

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Taking 1/2 of the volume

Net upward force due to buyoncy, Fbuyoncy -311.088 kN

Earth Pressure
Forces due to earth pressure
Total Static earth pressure, Pa = 0.5* Ys * H² * tan²(45° - φ/2) 209.521 kN/m [same :Pa = 0.5* Ys*H²*((1-sinφ)/(1+sinφ))]
It's point of application will be at H*0.42 3.4062 m [IRC:6-2014, 217.1]
Total active force, Fa = Pa* Lab 1759.97 kN

Seismic forces on the abutment

Horizontal seismic forces:
Superstructure: 0.000 kN
Abutment: 227.695 kN
Backfill soil mass: 211.197 kN
(This force acts at 0.5*H) 4.055 m

Vertical seismic forces:

Superstructure: 85.96 kN
Abutment: 151.80 kN

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Summary of forces (along the traffic)

Dry case, Non-seismic (combination I)
Forces (KN)
Particular
Vertical Lever arm Horizontal Lever arm Moment (kN.m)
DL of Superstructure 748.84 0.850 0 5.71 636.513
LL of Superstructure 345.66 0.850 0 5.71 293.811
Self weight of abutment 1897.459 0.871 1652.750
Earth Pressure 1759.97 3.406 5994.822
Tractive/Braking force 55.400 9.31 515.774
Frictional force 67.315 5.66 381.001
Total 2991.96 1882.6884 9474.67

Dry case, Seismic (combination VI)

Forces (KN)
Particular Moment (kN.m)
Vertical Lever arm Horizontal Lever arm
Non seismic forces
DL of Superstructure 748.84 0.850 0 5.71 636.513
LL of Superstructure 345.660 0.850 0 5.71 293.811
Self weight of abutment 1897.459 0.871 1652.750
Earth Pressure 1759.974 3.406 5994.822
Tractive/Braking force 55.4 9.31 515.774
Frictional force 67.315 5.66 381.001

Additional seismic forces

Superstructure 85.960 0.850 0.000 5.71 73.066
Abutment 151.797 0.871 227.695 3.241 870.107
Soil mass 211.197 4.055 856.403
Total 3229.71 2321.580 11274.247

Flooded case, Non-seismic (combination I-a)

Forces (KN)
Particular
Vertical Lever arm Horizontal Lever arm Moment (kN.m)
DL of Superstructure 748.84 0.850 0 5.71 636.513
LL of Superstructure 345.660 0.850 0 5.71 293.811
Self weight of abutment 1897.459 0.871 1652.750
Earth Pressure 1759.974 3.406 5994.822
Tractive/Braking force 55.4 9.31 515.774
Frictional force 67.315 5.66 381.001
Buyoncy -311.088 0.98 -304.741
Total 2680.87 1882.6884 18.3762 9169.930

Flooded case, Seismic (combination VI-a)

Forces (KN)
Particular Moment (kN.m)
Vertical Lever arm Horizontal Lever arm
Non seismic forces
DL of Superstructure 748.84 0.850 0 5.71 636.513
LL of Superstructure 345.660 0.850 0 5.71 293.811
Self weight of abutment 1897.459 0.871 1652.750
Earth Pressure 1759.974 3.406 5994.822

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Tractive/Braking force 55.400 9.31 515.774

Frictional force 67.315 5.66 381.001
Buyoncy -311.088 0.98 -304.741

Additional seismic forces

Superstructure 85.96 0.850 0.000 5.71 73.066
Abutment 151.797 0.871 227.695 3.241 870.107
Soil mass 211.197 4.055 856.403
Total 2918.626 2321.580 10969.506

Based on the above comparison the abutment will be designed for the critical values of
Non-seismic case and checked for seismic case(s)

Design of Abutment Stem

Abutment wall is designed as a compression member with uniaxial moment.
Design cosntants:
Concrete M25 fck 25 N/mm²
Steel Fe fyd 415 N/mm²
Allowable stress of steel in tension and shear σst 200 N/mm²
Allowable stress of steel in direct compression 170 N/mm²
Allowable compressive stress in concrete in flexure σcbc 8.33 N/mm²
Allowable comp. stress in concrete in direct compression 6.25 N/mm²
Modular ratio (m) m 10.0
Neutral axis factor, k = m*σcbc/(m*σcbc+σst) k 0.294
Lever arm factor: j = 1-k/3 j 0.902
Resisting moment coefficient, R = 0.5*σcbc*j*k R 1.105
Checking thickness of wall at base as singly reinforced section
Minimum stem thickness, dmin = sqrt(M/R*b) 1010.50 mm
Provided overall depth Dprovided 1650.0 mm ok
Cover in abutment stem 50.0 mm
Effective depth, deff deff 1600.0 mm
Overall base width Hw 1650.0 mm

Number of bearing 3 nos.

Considering only one bearing reaction for abutment design
Length of the abutment B 8400 mm
Gross cross sectional area of stem 13860000 mm²

Longitudinal reinforcement
Assuming percentage of tensile reinforcement pst 0.25 %
percentage of compressive reinforcement psc 0.13 %
Total percentage of reinforcement 0.38 %

Initial total area of reinforcement 52668.0 mm²

Net area of concrete 13807332 mm²

Effective cover (referring to the CG of bars) 65 mm

Hence the effective depth 1585.0 mm

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Moment of inertia I = B*Hw^3/12 3.14449E+12 mm4

Section modulus I*2/Hw 3811500000 mm³
Radius of gyration Sqrt(I/A) 476.314 mm
Height of the abutment (upto abutment cap) 5660 mm
Effective length (height) factor 1.75 IRC:21-2000, 306.2.1, Table 13
Effective height of the abutment 9905 mm
Ratio of Effective length : Radius of gyration = 20.80 short column IRC:21-2000, 306
Hence it is treated as a short column

Checking for Combined direct and bending stress

Calculated direct compressive stress, σc_cal = P/A 0.22 MPa IRC:21-2000, 303.1, Table 9
Calculated Comp. stress in bending, σcb_cal = M/Z 2.49 MPa
Permissible direct compressive stress, σcc 6.25 MPa IRC:21-2000, 303.1, Table 9
Permissible Comp. stress in bending, σcbc 8.33 MPa IRC:21-2000, 303.1, Table 9
Interaction Condition to be satisfied:
(σc_cal /σcc + σcb_cal /σcbc) 0.333 < 1 Safe

Check for seismic condition

Calculated direct compressive stress, σc_cal = P/A 0.233 MPa
Calculated Comp. stress in bending, σcb_cal = M/Z 2.958 MPa
(σc_cal /σcc + σcb_cal /σcbc) 0.392 < 1 Safe

Reinforcement required
Area of tensile reinforcement , Ast 34650 mm²
Adopting dia. Bars: 25 mm
Area of one bar, As 490.874 mm²
Required Spacing of bars = As* B/Ast 119 mm
Provided Spacing of bars 118 mm ok
Reinforcement bar nos 72 nos
Area provided of φ bars @ c/c at rear side, Ast (prov.) 35343 mm²
Development length to be provided, Ld = 46Ф 1150 mm

Area of compressive reinforcement, Asc 18018 mm²

Adopting dia. Bars: 20 mm
Area of one bar, As 314.16 mm²
Required Spacing of bars = As* B/Asc 146.46 mm
Provided Spacing of bars 125 mm ok
Reinforcement bar nos. 68 nos
Area provided of φ bars @ c/c at front side, Asc (prov.) 21363 mm²
Development length to be provided, Ld = 46Ф 920 mm
Total provided area of longitudinal steel 56706 mm²
100 Ast / bd 0.409 %

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Checking for shear

Non-seismic case
Critical shear force at the base 1882688 N
Effective area of the section 13314000 mm²
pt % tc
0.25 0.22 MPa
0.409 0.271 MPa
0.5 0.3 MPa
Permissible shear stress tc 0.271 MPa [IRC:21-2000, Table 12B]

Actual shear stress developed tv 0.141 MPa

< tc Safe
Hence, No additional Shear reinforcement is required.

Distribution Reinforcement
Adopting 25 % of the total longitudinal reinforcement
Required area of distribution bars, As 14176.44 mm²
Dia of distribution bars 12
Adopting dia. Bars: Area of one bar 113.10 mm²
Required Spacing of bars = As* B/Asc 134.03 mm
Provided Spacing of bars 125 mm ok
Reinforcement bar nos. 68.00 nos.
Provide φ bars @ c/c at rear side, As (prov.) 7690.62 mm²
Provide φ bars @ c/c at front side, As (prov.) 7690.62 mm²
Total provided area of distribution bars 15381.24 mm²
Minimum area of reinforcement required, Asmin = 0.12% bd 15976.80 mm²
< As Check

Design of back Wall [Dirt wall]

Total Static earth pressure = 0.5* Ys * H² * tan²(45° - φ/2)*L 160.619 kN
(Including live load surcharge)
It's point of application will be at H*0.42
Hence, lever arm, j 1.029
Hence moment due to static forces 165.277 kN.m

Seismic earth pressure (0.5* g Ka_dyn*H² *L)

Horizontal component of this force 19.27 kN
This force acts at 0.5*H, hence lever arm 1.225 m
Hence moment due to seismic forces 23.611 kN.m
Total moment at the base 188.888 kN.m
Total base shear 160.619 kN

Total thickness of back wall [dirt wall] 400 mm IRC 79-2000, 710.6.4, min 300 mm
Concrete cover 40 mm

Bar diameter :
Main (tension) bars 25 mm
Distribution bars 12 mm
Compression bars 20 mm

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Therefore available effective depth 335.5 mm

Critical neutral axis, k 160.74 mm
Lever arm , j 268.63 mm

Required area of tensile steel, M/j*σst 3515.72 mm²

Provided Spacing of bars 150.00 mm
Hence, required number of bars 7 nos/meter
Provided area of tensile steel 3436.117 mm²/meter Revised the bar size
Maximum spacing of bars 300 mm c/c

DESIGN OF PILE AND PILE CAP

σ co , c al σ , c al
 c

σ c o σ c

(IRC 78:2000 Cl. 709.1.7, For Bored Piles and River

Diameter of the pile Dia = 1m bridge min ≥ 1 m)
(Settlement criteria depending upon permissible
Length(depth) of piles L= 15 m settlement 50 mm IRC 78:2000, Cl.709.3.4)
Individual Pile Capacity P= 564 kN (Soil test report)
Total vertical abutment Load Wp = 5180.95 kN
Total number of piles (= Total vertical abutment Load/Allowable
single pile capacity) n= 10

Depth of fixity from maximum scour level (IS 2911_1/2:1979,CI. 5.5.2 Appendix C, Approx (5-10)* Dia of pile
Lfi = 5m
Clear Cover 75 mm (IRC 78:2000, Cl. 709.4.4 ≥75 mm)

Arrangement of Piles
Number of piles along the bridge axis (m) = 3
Number of piles across the bridge axis (n) = 4
Group Efficiency, (0.8-1.1 for bored Piles) 0.8
Centre to centre distance (Spacing ) of the piles (IRC 2911 part 1/sec 2 Clause 6.6.1 must be ≥2.5*Dia. Of pile shaft
S = (E*1.57*Dia*m*n-2*Dia)/(m+n-2) (Swami Saran Page 397)
Length of abutment across the bridge axis 8.40 m
Along the bridge axis (Xi) 2.61 m c/c
Across the bridge axis(Yi) 2.20 m c/c

Provided spacing of Pile

Along the bridge axis (Xi) 2.6 m c/c
Across the bridge axis(Yi) 2.20 m c/c

Offset of pilecap from the outer surface of the outermost pile 0.5 m IRC: 78-2000 Cl. 709.5.1
Width of pile group (outer surfaces of the piles) along the bridge
axis, B= 6.23 m
Length of pile group (outer surfaces of the piles) across the
bridge -axis L= 7.60 m
Length of pilecap across the bridge axis L cap = 8.6 m
Width of pile cap along the bridge axis W cap = 7.2 m

2
Area enclosed by the perimeter of the pile group as above Ag = 27.66 m
Embedded length of pile Demb = 15 m

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Thickness of pile cap tpc = 1.6 m [IRC: 78:2000,Cl. 709.5.4, 0.6 m or 1.5*Dia of pile]
Factor of Safety Fs = 2.5 IRC : 78-2000,709.3.4.3
3
Unit weight of concrete γc= 24 kN/m
Angle of internal friction of soil φ = 24.8 Degree
Coefficient of active earth pressure Ka = (1-sinφ)/(1+sinφ) Ka = 0.409
2
unit horizontal pressure, σh = ka*Ysat σh = 8.59 kN/m
Uplift [Buoyancy of pile cap] 994.68 kN
Uplift [Buoyancy of pile] 204.32 kN

Summary of forces at the CG (in plan) of the pilecap at the bottom surface
(Note: the forces are taken from the analysis of abutment and pier)
(Units are in kN and meter) Moment
Vertical Horizontal Lever arm Lever arm Moment along across
Forces
load force vert. horiz. the axis (Myy) the axis
Dead load from superstructure 2186.52 0.00 0 0.00 0
Abutment self weight 1897.46
Pile cap dead load 2387.24
Buoyancy (pile cap+piles) -1199.00
Soil Pressure 1430.604 1759.97 2.789 5.01 8810.78 3990.527

Load cases (IRC: 78-2000, Cl.706.1.1)

Based on the above forces different load combinations are considered as follows:
Load factors and increase in permissible stresses (IRC: 6-2000,202.3,Table 1)
Load combinations:
Horizontal
Horizontal load along the
Vertical load along Moment along Moment across the axis (Myy)
(yy)
Forces load the (XX) the axis (Mxx)
Load (G) 6471.21 0
Soil Pressure 1430.604 1759.97 3990.527 8810.78
Buoyancy (Gb ) -1198.999
Total 5272.21 3990.527 8810.78

Centre of Gravity of Group of piles

xmax = 2.61 m
Ymax = 4.40 m

The moments of inertia of the piles denoted in terms of sum squares of the distance
Sxi 2 = 54.68 m
2

Syi 2 = 145.20 m
2

Maximum load on individual piles

Maximum load will be obviously on the outermost piles

For Non seismic case

Minimum eccentricity (emin ) L/500+D/30 63.33 mm
Force due to moment Fm = V*ex*xi/∑Xi +V*ey*yi/∑yi2
2
26.08 kN
Force due to direct load, Fd = Fd = V/n 527.22 kN
Forces on outermost piles Vmax = Fd + Fm 553.30 kN

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Title : DESIGN OF ABUTMENT STEM Checked by:

Design of Pile
Length of Pile, L 15 m
Dia of Pile, D 1m
Effective Length Le=2/3x Length of Pile 10 m
Le/D 15 Long column
Hence the pile is designed as long column.

Minimum Eccentricity, emin 63.33 mm > 25 mm

So eccentricity should be considered for design

Correction factor for long column = (1.25-Le/(100*D)) 1.15
Correction factor for Short column 1
Maximum Load for single pile, Vmax 553.30 KN
Moment due to eccentricity(Mu) 35.04 KNm

Since bored piles are provided there will be no handling stresses

Adopting correction factor 1.15

Design Load (Nd) 553.305 KN

Design moment (Md) 35.043 KNm

Concrete grade fck 20 N/mm² M20 for piles

Steel grade, Fe fyk 415 N/mm²
Concrete cover d' 75 mm
Design compressive strength fcd = αcc*fck/γc 8.93 N/mm² IRC:112-2011, 6.4.2.8(1)
Design yield strength of reinforcements fyd = fyk/γs 360.870 N/mm² IRC:112-2011, 6.2.2

Longitudinal Reinforcement :
Reffering interraction diagram, IRC112-2011, corresponding to d'/D 0.1
Nd/(fcd*b*D) 0.06
Md/(fcd*b*D2) 0.004
For circular case b=D =Diameter of Piles
p / σck 0.010 From SP16 chart 60
p= 0.2 %
As per IRC 78-2000, clause 709.4.4, provide a minimum reinforcement 0.4 % of cross sectional area in the piles
Adopted Nominal reinforcement in longitudinal section 1.00 % ok

2
Cross section of Pile Apile 785398.2 mm
2
Nominal reinforcement in longitudinal section Ast 7853.98 mm
Adopting diameter of Bars 20 mm
2
Area of bar Abar 314.16 mm
Required Spacing of bars = Abar* B/Ast 125.66 mm
Provided Spacing of bars 120 mm
Provided area of bars 8225 mm² ok
Hence, provide bars in piles 21 mm Ø
120 c/c spacing ok

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Lateral ties
Minimum volume of lateral reinforcement per meter length of pile
Assuming lateral reinforcement = 0.2 % 0.2% of Pile area
Lateral reinforcement volume per metre 1570796 mm3
Let us provide lateral tie Ø 10 mm
3
Volume of lateral tie 246740 mm
Number of ties per meter of pile 7 nos.
Spacing of lateral reinforcement 142.9 mm c/c ok
< Dia. Of pile
Hence, Provide lateral ties 10 mm Ø
120 c/c spacing ok

Design of Pile Cap

Minimum Clear cover of pile cap > 60 mm (IRC:112-2011)
Assuming clear cover of pile = 75 mm
Pile Cap Dimension
L cap 8.6 m
W cap 7.2 m
D cap 1.60 m
Stem shaft width 1.65 m
Distance of centre of outermost piles from the face of stem along
longitudinal direction 1.79 m

Moment at the face of Pier shaft

Due to dead load of the cap itself 1969.47 KN m
Due to total vertical load 5338.75 KN m
Total moment 7308.22 KN m

RCC Design
Concrete grade fck 20 N/mm²
Steel grade, Fe fyk 415 N/mm²
Concrete cover 75 mm
Design compressive strength fcd = αcc*fck/γc 8.93 N/mm² IRC:112-2011, 6.4.2.8(1)
Design yield strength of reinforcements fyd = fyk/γs 360.870 N/mm² IRC:112-2011, 6.2.2

Limiting reduced moment µlim = Md/fcd.b.d2

Assuming x/d = 0.45
µlim = ʎ *X/d *ɳ *(1-0.5*ʎ*x/d) 0.295
Where
ʎ = factor defining effective height of the compression zone 0.8 for fck ≤ 50 MPa
η = factor defining the effective strength 1 for fck ≤ 50 MPa

Thickness of pile cap

dmin = √(Md /µ lim*fcd*b) 619.17 mm
Provided overall depth, D = 1600 mm [IRC: 78:2000,Cl. 709.5.4, 0.6 m or 1.5*Dia of pile]
Effective depth, deff 1525 mm
1.5m*Dia. Of pile 1500 mm
1500 mm
> Max (0.6m, 1.5 m*D ) Okay

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Reduced design moment µ = Md/fcd.b.d2 0.05

x/d = 1/ʎ*(1-√(1-2*µ/ɳ)) 0.06
Area of steel required As = µ*fcd*b*d/fyd*(1-0.5*ʎ* x/d) 1791 mm²/m

Adopting diameter of Bars 20 mm

Required Spacing of bars = Asbar* B/As 175.39 mm
Provided Spacing of bars 120 mm ok
Provided area of bars 2618 mm² ok
Nos of bars 9 nos/meter
Provide bar @ c/c in both direction at top and bottom

Punching shear check

For concentric loading, net applied force VED = 6471.21 kN

Critical width for punching stress Wcr = tstem + 2*tslab = 4.85 m

Perimeter of critical circle u= 11700 mm
Punching shear stress on any control perimeter vED = B*VED / u*d 0.36 N/mm² IRC:112-2011, 10.4.3, Eq. 10.24

At the column perimeter, or the perimeter of the loaded area, the maximum punching shear stress should not be exceeded
Design value of the maximum punching shear resistance
vRD,max = 0.5*v*fcd 2.51 N/mm² IRC:112-2011, 10.4.6 (2), Eq. 10.43
vED < vRD,max Okay

Strength reduction factor of concrete cracked in

shear v = 0.6*(1-fck/310) 0.6 IRC:112-2011, 10.3.2 (5), Eq. 10.6

a is the distance from the periphery of the column to the control perimeter considered
a=2d 3050.00 mm
k = 1+√(200/d) < 2.0 (d in mm) 1.36
3/2 1/2
vmin = 0.031*k * fck 0.22 N/mm²
vmin*2d/a 0.22 N/mm²
vRD> vmin*2d/a Okay
ƍ1 = Asl/(bw*d) 0.0155 < 0.02 IRC:112-2011, 10.4.4, Eq. 10.36
Punching shear resistance at control perimeter at distance 'a'
vRd= 0.12*K*(80*ƍ1*fck)1/3 * 2d/a 0.48 N/mm² IRC:112-2011, 10.4.5, Eq. 10.40
vED< vRD Okay
Hence, Punching shear reinforcement is required at control section.

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