Stair case design 1

Let the depth of slab (D) = 150mm

Load calculation
1. Loads on going
Considering 1m width of slab,
Dead load of slab on slope (Ws) = 0.15×1×25
= 3.75 KN/m
Dead load of slab on horizontal span
W =Ws ¿¿
= 3.75 ¿ ¿
= 4.341 KN/m

Dead load of one step= 0.5×R×T×25 = 0.5×0.175×0.3×25

= 0.656 KN
0.656
Load of slope per meter length = = 2.19KN/m
0.3
Total dead load =4.341+2.19 = 6.531 KN/m
Live load = 4KN/m2×1m =4 KN/m
Total service load = (6.531+4) KN/m = 10.531 KN/m
Factored load = 1.5×10.531 KN/m = 15.8 KN/m

2. Load of landing (A)

Self weight of slab = 25×0.15 = 3.75 KN/m
Live load = 4KN/m2×1m = 4KN/m
Total load = 7.75 KN/m
Factored load = (1.5×7.75)KN/m =11.625 KN/m

Fig:- First flight Loading diagram

(15.8 ×1.5 ×0.75)+(11.625 ×2.05 ×2.525)

R B=
3.55
=21.96 KN
RA= (15.8×1.5+11.625×2.05)-21.96
=25.57 KN

Let point of zero shear force occurs at distance “X” from A

Or, 25.57-(15.8×1.5)-(11.625×(X-1.5))=0
∴ X= 1.661m (from A)

Maximum bending moment= 25.57×1.661-15.8×1.5×0.911-11.625×0.161×0.0805

= 20.73 KN-m
Check:
Maximum BM from B = 21.96×1.889-11.625×1.889×0.9445
= 20.74 KN-m

M 20.74 × 10⁶
Depth of slab d=
√ 0.138∗σck∗b
Hence, adopt 150mm overall depth.
=
√ 0.138× 20× 1000
= 86.67mm <150mm OK

Use, 12mm diameter bars.

Effective depth (d)=150-20-6 = 124mm
Reinforcement:
Ast ×σy
Mu =0.87×σy×Ast×d 1− ( b × d × σck )
Ast × 415
20.74×106= 0.87×415×Ast×124 1−
6 2
( 1000 ×124 × 20 )
20.74×10 =44770.2Ast-7.492A st
∴ Ast=506.12 mm2
Use 12mm∅ bar, Ast = 113.1mm2

No of bars required=1.9× ( 506.12

113.1 )
= 9 Nos.

1900
Spacing ¿ = 211 mm
9
113.1 ×1000
Ast provided = ( 150 )
=754mm2 > 506.12 mm2 OK

0.12
Distribution r/t @ 0.12% of area (Ast)= ×1000×150=180mm2
100
Use 10mm∅ bars Ast=78.54mm

∴ Spacing, Sv=1000× ( 78.54

180 )
=436.33mm

∴ Adopt spacing =300mm

Hence, provide 1-10mm bar as temperature reinforcement in each riser.

Check for shear:

Vu 25.57 ×1000
Nominal shear stress, τv = = = 0.206N/mm2
bd 1000× 124

100 Ast 100× 754

% of Tension steel = = = 0.608 %
bd 1000× 124

Shear strength of M20 concrete for 0.608%

τc= 0.52 N/mm2
τ’c =1.3×0.52 =0.676N/mm2 > τv OK
Maximum shear stress, τc max =2.8 N/mm2
τc <τ’c <τc max OK

Check for development length:

For M20 concrete & Fe 415 steel
Ld = 47Ф
0.87 ×σy × ∅ 0.87 × 415× 12
Development length Ld= = =564.14mm
4 × τbd 4 ×1.6 × 1.2

M1
Ld≤ 1.3 + L0
Vu
We have,
754
M1= 20.74× =30.9KN-m
506.12
Vu = 25.57 KN

M1
Ld≤ 1.3 + L0
Vu

30.9 ×10⁶
Or, 47∅≤ 1.3
25.57 × 1000
∴∅≤33.42 mm
Since bar diameter provided is 12mm<33.42mm …………………….. (OK).
Hence, provide 750mm development length.

Stair case design 2

Let the depth of slab (D) = 150mm

Load calculation
1. Loads on going
Considering 1m width of slab,
Dead load of slab on slope (Ws) = 0.15×1×25
= 3.75 KN/m
Dead load of slab on horizontal span
W =Ws ¿¿
= 3.75 ¿ ¿
= 4.341 KN/m

Dead load of one step= 0.5×R×T×25 = 0.5×0.175×0.3×25

= 0.656 KN
0.656
Load of slope per meter length = = 2.19KN/m
0.3
Total dead load =4.341+2.19 = 6.531 KN/m
Live load = 4KN/m2×1m =4 KN/m
Total service load = (6.531+4) KN/m = 10.531 KN/m
Factored load = 1.5×10.531 KN/m = 15.8 KN/m

2. Load of landing (A)

Self weight of slab = 25×0.15 = 3.75 KN/m
Live load = 4KN/m2×1m = 4KN/m
Total load = 7.75 KN/m
 Factored load = (1.5×7.75)KN/m =11.625 KN/m
In a distance of 2150mm, the total factored load =11.625 KN/m
In a distance of 150mm from the wall, there will be no live load in accordance with clause 33.2
of IS456:2000. In a distance equal to 150mm from the wall and a distance equal to 75mm inside
the wall only dead load will be considered.
Total factored load =1.5×3.75 = 5.625 KN/m

Fig:- First flight Loading diagram

( 15.8× 2.4 ×1.2 ) + ( 11.625 × 2.15× 3.475 ) +(5.625 ×0.225 × 4.6625)

R B=
4.775
= 28.955KN
RA= (15.8×2.4+11.625×2.15+5.625×0.225)-28.955
=35.224 KN

Let point of zero shear force occurs at distance “X” from A

Or, 35.224-15.8×X=0
∴ X= 2.23m (from A)

Maximum bending moment= 35.224×2.23-15.8×2.23×1.115

= 39.264 KN-m
Check:
Maximum BM from B = 28.955×2.545-5.625×0.225×2.4325-11.625×2.15×1.245-15.8×0.17×0.085
= 39.266 KN-m

M 39.266 × 10⁶
Depth of slab d=
√ 0.138∗σck∗b
Hence, adopt 150mm overall depth.
=
√ 0.138× 20× 1000
= 119.3mm <150mm OK

Use, 12mm diameter bars.

Effective depth (d)=150-20-6 = 124mm
Reinforcement:
Ast ×σy
Mu =0.87×σy×Ast×d 1− ( b × d × σck )
Ast × 415
39.266×106= 0.87×415×Ast×124 1−
6 2
( 1000 ×124 × 20 )
39.266×10 =44770.2Ast-7.492A st
∴ Ast=1067.9 mm2
Use 12mm∅ bar, Ast = 113.1mm2

No of bars required=1.5× ( 1067.9

113.1 )
= 15 Nos.
 1500
Spacing ¿ = 100 mm
15
113.1 ×1000
Ast provided =( 100 )
=1131mm2 > 1067.9 mm2 OK

0.12
Distribution r/t @ 0.12% of area (Ast)= ×1000×150=180mm2
100
Use 10mm∅ bars Ast=78.54mm

∴ Spacing, Sv=1000× ( 78.54

180 )
=436.33mm

∴ Adopt spacing =300mm

Hence, provide 1-10mm bar as temperature reinforcement in each riser.

Check for shear:

Vu 35.224 ×1000
Nominal shear stress, τv = = = 0.284N/mm2
bd 1000× 124

100 Ast 100 ×1131

% of Tension steel = = = 0.912%
bd 1000× 124

Shear strength of M20 concrete for 0.912%

τc= 0.6 N/mm2
τ’c =1.3×0.6 =0.78N/mm2 > τv OK
Maximum shear stress, τc max =2.8 N/mm2
τc <τ’c <τc max OK

Check for development length:

For M20 concrete & Fe 415 steel
Ld = 47Ф
0.87 ×σy × ∅ 0.87 × 415× 12
Development length Ld= = =564.14mm
4 × τbd 4 ×1.6 × 1.2

M1
Ld≤ 1.3 + L0
Vu
We have,
1131
M1= 39.266× =41.586KN-m
1067.9
Vu = 35.224 KN

M1
Ld≤ 1.3 + L0
Vu

41.586× 10⁶
Or, 47∅≤ 1.3
35.224 × 1000
∴∅≤32.65 mm
Since bar diameter provided is 12mm<32.65mm …………………….. (OK).
Hence, provide 750mm development length.