Co-relation between Temperature and

Pressure at Nitinol σR Values

F. Duque Lemos, researcher from CDRSP
Torres Novas, 9th April 2019
I’m trying to use a model to prevent hysteresis from nitinol. Using a mathematical equation I will try to find
the maximum temperature operation at a pressure value (σR) from nitinol.

Start Work
Figure from the reference [1]:

Logic Used: Instead of use the maximum stress (σM) with fatigue, use the maximum linear stress (σR) to
avoid fatigue. We will try to build a model using this. We will make this model using matlab programming language.

Data Used at the Model

From the article [2] we obtain the following table, 50.8% Nitinol:

ºC K Mpa
0 273 17
10 283 51
22 295 68
40 313 217
60 333 268
100 373 183
POLINOMIAL MODELIZATION
Using the algorithm at Appendix we obtain a expression that gives the maximum temperature value with
pressure inputs.

𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 261.65 + 0,68 × 𝑃 − 0,004𝑃2 + 9.6229 × 10−6 × 𝑃3

∆ ≤ 0.013757 ≡ 1,4%
≈

𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 261.65 + 0,68 × 𝑃 − 0,004𝑃2

Where:

• P is pressure of nitinol work (\ MPa)

• Tmax is the maximum temperatura (\ K) to avoid hysteresis phenomenons

Model Verification with other Articles

FIRST VERIFICATION:
From article [3], 50%Ni, 50% Ti:
Pressure 150 MPa, Temperature 37ºC
From model equation:
Tmax(150 MPa) = 30.349 ºC
Error Calculation:
37−30.349
∆= 37
= 17.9%
SECOND VERIFICATION:
From article [4], 50%Ni, 50% Ti:
Pressure 138 MPa, Room Temperature
From model equation:
Tmax(138 MPa) = 29.258ºC
Error Calculation:
∆= 𝑢𝑛𝑘𝑛𝑜𝑤𝑛

Conclusions
• The model seems legit, but the main data article uses a diferente kind of nitinol.
• No co-relation had being found with displacement of nitinol material.
• It requires more colected data from the same kind of nitinol, with the same device and at the same
conditions

References

[1] S. Miyazaki, T. Imai, Y. Igo e K. Otsuka, “Effect of Cyclic Deformation on the Pseudoelasticity Characteristics
of Ti-Ni Alloys,” Metallurgical Transactions A, vol. 17 A, pp. 115-120, 1986.

[2] A. R. Pelton, J. DiCello e S. Miyazaki, “Optimisation of processing and properties of medical grade Nitinol wire,”
Min Invas Ther & Allied Technol, vol. 9, nº 1, pp. 107-118, 2000.

[3] A. L. McKelvey e R. O. Ritchie, “Fatigue-crack propagation in Nitinol, a shape memory and superelastic
endovascular stent material,” John Willey & Sons (publisher company), 1999.

[4] R. DesRoches e M. Delemont, “Seismic retrofit of simply supported bridges using shape memory alloys,”
Engineering Structures, vol. 24, pp. 325-332, 2002.

Appendix

File: “polinomial_b.m”

% ESTIMAÇÃO DE POLINÓMIO

press = [17; 51; 68; 217; 268] % MPa

temp = [0; 10; 22; 40; 60] % em graus celsius

temp = temp + 273; % para Kelvin

Y = temp;
grau = 3; % grau máximo da aproximação

X = [];
vectaux = [];
for i=0:grau
 for j=1:length(press)
vectaux = [vectaux; press(j)^i];
endfor
X = [X, vectaux];
vectaux = [];
endfor

B = ((X')*X)^-1 *(X')*Y;

E = Y - X*B;

erro = [];

for i=1:length(Y)
erro = [erro; E(i)/Y(i)];
endfor

erro = abs(erro);

errorelativomax = max(erro);

pressure = [];
temperature = [];
for i=0:241
valor = 17+i;
pressure = [pressure; valor];
endfor

Xaux = [];
vectaux = [];
for i=0:grau
for j=1:length(pressure)
vectaux = [vectaux; pressure(j)^i];
endfor
Xaux = [Xaux, vectaux];
vectaux = [];
endfor

temperature = Xaux*B;

subplot(2,1,1);
plot(press, Y);
title('Data with Linear Regression of the article');
xlabel('Pressure \ MPa');
ylabel('Temperature \ K');
subplot(2,1,2);
plot(pressure, temperature);
title('Modelization of Temperture at function of Pressure');
xlabel('Pressure \ MPa');
ylabel('Temperature \ K');