CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN

Our research is about the level of trust of senior high school students to internet

news. For us to determine and establish the probable cause and effect of their overall

behavior about the topic, we used and conducted the case study method. We did this to

know and also to help students about giving assurance to what they trust on social media.

We want them to stay alert and knowledgeable about fake news because fake news has

taken away people in a new level. We conducted this method for us to easily know what

the possible effects are, if the students will possibly encounter or had already encountered

fake news, especially to those students who are always using social media or for those

student who always depend everything happened on social media without thinking if the

news are fake or legit. We shared our topic for having a reason that all students will be

alert and learn how to specify the fake news. Also to have a better understanding on how

to avoid encounter fake news.

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RESEARCH LOCALE

It is shown on the table below are the total classes from two different schools which we

have conducted research from, because we want to know if they are affected by the fake

news that is spreading thru the social media knowing that they are more vulnerable to

fake news which is higher in Facebook because the majority of the people are using

Facebook to connect with their friends and family from local to international they can

read an article there which they can’t tell if it is a fact or fake.

SJA Section Total of Classes Girls Boys

HUMSS St. Albert 48 36 12

ABM St. Agnes 36 22 14
STEM St. Thomas 36 22 24
STEM St. Agnes 47 23 24

Mother
Margherita
HUMSS St. Gertrude 30 15 15
HUMSS ST. Luke 30 15 15
STEM Bernardine 36 19 17
STEM Thaddeus 37 18 19

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SAMPLE OR THE RESPONDENTS
Our target population is seventy-two students. The researchers’ respondents are

all Senior High School students, however they’re from different schools such as Saint

John Academy Annex which is located at Mabini Proper Dinalupihan, Bataan and the

other one is the Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School which is located at Tucop

Dinalupihan, Bataan. The respondents are both Grade 11 and 12 of the said school, the

respondents age are ranging from 15-18 years old and they’re from different strands such

as Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), Science, Technology, Engineering and

Math (STEM) and lastly the Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM). The

researchers chose these respondents because they are more exposed on the social media

and are both open on this topic. They’re more likely to used Twitter, Facebook and other

platforms of social media, in which articles or news are exposed and there’s a possibility

that they’re already reading a fake news.

SAINT JOHN ACADEMY ANNEX

GRADE STRAND MALE FEMALE AGE WEBSITES
LEVEL

11 STEM III III 15-16 FACEBOOK,

TWITTER

12 ABM IIIII-II III 16-18 FACEBOOK,

TWITTER

12 HUMSS II IIIII-IIIII- 15-18 FACEBOOK,

IIIII-II TWITTER

12 STEM IIIII-IIIII IIIII 16-18 FACEBOOK,

TWITTER

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 MOTHER MARGHERITA DE BRINCAT CATHOLIC SCHOOL

GRADE STRAND MALE FEMALE AGE WEBSITES

LEVEL

12 STEM IIIII-IIII IIIII-IIIII- 16-18 FACEBOOK,

III TWITTER

INSTRUMENTATION

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 For our research project, we used survey questionnaires to gather the data we

needed. A printed questionnaire with eight (8) items, with choices from letters A to D.

Conducting a survey is perfect for this type of topic because it will be based on the

target’s personal perception. Validity and reliability as we take observe upon the answers

given by the students we executed the parallel form reliability wherein we took in half the

exact number of two different schools to answer our survey questions. It includes the

same instrument we used in forming the questions from Saint John Academy and Mother

Margherita de Brincat Catholic School. The correlation between the two schools would

directly point out the stability of scores. The scores given by the respondents were related

and ensured that possibly conducted by the students. The validity of the research pertains

about the issue of unstoppable virus effects of fake news. According to the respondents,

the scores reflect their own opinion about fake news and is/are permitted to be stated in

order to answer our research questions. By the means of survey form, the students agreed

to express legitimate information about the research.

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

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 The research data gathering procedure is based from the outline of the

researchers, so the study will be concrete with some of solid evidences and credible. The

questionnaires and surveys, will help to make use of our questionnaires and have a better

understanding to what we’re going to tackle and talk about the study itself. Observation,

we will conduct our own observation, which is just a school based one. We will try to

look, and observe the chances of students being able to determine what a fake news is.

Gather some interviews, for us to ask some specific questions, get some information and

conclude a proper conclusion in our topic. We the researchers, have the possibility to

understand their level of trust and how they live by it by using interviews and

observations. By doing interviews, they can give opinions, personal feelings, personal

thoughts and perceptions about their thoughts on how fake news can be recognized in

such matter of time. In result, by having some information from a student that had

encountered fake news, we will know how they are affected by it or how they will stay

away from it given the fact that they’ve already been in the situation of reading a fake

article. We are using surveys, interviews and observations in gathering data. But we are

more focused on the surveys because not all students want to be interviewed. Some are

shy or have a low self-esteem to answer our questions. That’s why the group decided to

focused more in surveys for us to gather more data.

Date Tasks
October 6, 2018 In the course of an hour, the researchers have constructed 8

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 questions to be answered by approximately 75 respondents,

mainly students from Saint John Academy Senior High

School, and the others are from the Senior HighSchool

department of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

October 7, 2018 The researchers asked for the approval of the questions and

gave the initial study to be approved by the teacher.

October 8-9, 2018 The Researchers selected students that are more prone to

social media than the others to answer the survey

questionnaires. The participants from other schools answered

the survey properly. It lasted about a day.

October 11, 2018 The Researchers analyzed the given data from the information

that had been collected from the survey questionnaires.

March 6, 2019 Submission of Survey Questionnaire and Chapter 3 to the

Research Teacher.

DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE

Based on our analyzation and observation there is a wider and broader answers that

really helped us to solve the problem and gap of our research about fake news. We

conducted and tally the scores of the questionnaires to complete the data gathering. The

table below shows the result from the respondents of both schools from Saint John

Academy and Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School along with the questions

used. As for the Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School the students were

randomly chosen and the choices from each questions were used to represent the tally of

scores.

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 1. What do you think are the possible outcome if you continue to spread the fake
news?

A f B f C f Total
Male IIIII 5 IIIII 5 IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-II 22 32
Female IIIII- 10 IIIII-III 8 IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 33 51
IIIII IIIII-IIIII-III
Table 1.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.
Tally f
A III 3
B IIII 4
C IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-III 18
Total 25
Table 1.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

2. As a teenager, how can you use your social media platforms to stop fake news?

A f B f C f Total

Male IIIII-IIIII-IIII 14 IIIII-I 6 IIIII-IIIII-II 12 32

Female IIIII-IIIII- 19 IIIII-I 6 IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 23 48
IIIII-IIII IIIII-III
Table 2.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.

Tally f

A IIIII-IIIII-II 12
B IIII 4
C IIIII-IIII 9
Total 25
Table 2.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School

3. Where do you usually see/hear: spot fake news?

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 A f B f C f Total

Male I 1 IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 31 0 0 32
IIIII-IIIII-I
Female II 2 IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 47 0 0 49
IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-
IIIII-II
Table 3.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.
Tally f

A I 1
B IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIII 24
C 0 0
Total 25
Table 3.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

4. What is the main effect of fake news to students?

A f B f C f Total

Male IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIII 19 IIIII-I 6 IIIII-II 7 32

Female IIIII-IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 27 IIIII-II 7 IIIII-IIIII- 15 49
IIIII-II IIIII
Table 4.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.

Tally f

A IIIII-IIIII-III 13
B III 3
C IIIII-IIII 9
Total 25

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Table 4.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

5. How can you consider a fake news a fake news?

A f B f C f Total

Male IIIII 5 IIII 4 IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 25 34

IIIII-IIIII
Female IIIII- 11 IIIII-II 7 IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 30 48
IIIII-I IIIII-IIIII-IIIII
Table 5.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.

Tally f

A IIIII-I 6
B IIIII 5
C IIIII-IIIII-IIII 14
Total 25
Table 5.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

6. As a student, what action can you do to stop prevailing fake news?

A f B f C f Total

Male IIIII-IIIII-IIII 14 IIIII-I 6 IIIII-IIIII-II 12 32

Female IIIII-IIIII-IIIII- 23 IIIII 5 IIIII-IIIII- 19 47
IIIII-III IIIII-IIII
Table 6.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.
Tally f

A IIIII-IIIII-I 11
B IIIII 5
C IIIII-IIII 9
Total 25
Table 6.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

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 7. Does the Philippines have a problem in fake news like in U.S.A?
A f B f C f D f Total

Male IIIII- 9 IIIII-IIIII- 18 II 2 III 3 32

IIII IIIII-III
Female IIIII- 12 IIIII-IIIII- 26 IIII 4 IIIII 5 47
IIIII-II IIIII-IIIII-
IIIII-I
Table 7.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.

Tally f

A IIIII-IIII 9
B IIIII-IIIII-I 11
C I 1
D IIII 4
Total 25
Table 7.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

A f B f C f Total

Male IIIII- 13 IIIII-IIIII 10 IIIII-IIII 9 32

IIIII-III
Female IIIII- 24 IIIII- 12 IIIII- 13 49
IIIII- IIIII-II IIIII-III
IIIII-
IIIII-IIII
8. Why do people create fake news?
Table 8.1 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from Saint John
Academy Senior High School.

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 Tally f

A IIIII-IIIII-III 13
B IIIII-I 6
C IIIII-I 6
Total 25
Table 8.2 It shows the frequency and the tally scores for 83 respondents from the Senior High
School students of Mother Margherita De Brincat Catholic School.

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