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RC Notes 9-16 PDF
RC Notes 9-16 PDF
BY: NTDEGUMA REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN FORMULAS AND PRINCIPLES BY: NTDEGUMA
A. Steps in determining the Tension Steel III. a > t B. Steps in Determining Mu of a T-Beam Solve for z:
Area As of a T-Beam with given Mu with given As. Ac = A f + bw z
b 0.85 fc' (see Steps I for values of Ac and Af)
I. Assume that the entire flange is in compression I. Assume steel yields (fs = fy) and compute the
t 1 C1 t/2 0.85 fc' area of compression concrete, Ac Verify if steel yields:
and solve for Mu1: z
a
d 2 C2 a = t + z = _____
Compression force in concrete: d' d-t/2 d'-z/2 C=T c = a / b1 = ______ fs = 600(d-c)/c = _____
C = 0.85 fc' b f t As T1 = As 1 fy T2 = As 2 fy
0.85 fc' Ac = As fy
Mu1 = f C(d - t/2) bw Ac = _____ If fs > fy, steel yields (correct assumption)
Mu1 Mu2
If fs < fy, steel does not yield (seldom happen)
Mu1 = f 0.85 fc' bf t(d - t/2) Area of compression flange, Af = bf t
Mu = Mu1 + Mu2
Mu1 = _____________ If Ac < Af, a < t, proceed to Step II Mu1 = f C1 (d - t / 2)
Mu1 = the same value in Step 1 If Ac > Af, a > t, proceed to Step III
Mu1 = f 0.85 fc' A f (d - t / 2)
If Mu1 > Mu, then a < t, proceed to Step II Mu2 = Mu - Mu1
If Mu1 < Mu, then a > t, proceed to Step III Mu2 = f C2 (d'-a/2) Mu2 = f C2 (d' - z / 2)
II. a < t
Mu2 = f 0.85 fc' bw z (d' - z / 2)
Mu2 = f 0.85 fc' bw z (d'-z/2) b 0.85 fc'
t a C =0.85 fc' ab
II. a < t
b 0.85 fc' z = _______ d d-a/2 Mu = Mu1 + Mu2
t a C =0.85 fc' ab
d d-a/2 T=C T = As fy
As fy = C1 + C2 ACI/NSCP Coefficients for Continuous
T = As fy Solve for a:
As fy = 0.85 fc' b t + 0.85 fc' bw z
Beams and Slabs
Solve for a: As = _______ Ac = bf x a
Mu = f C (d-a/2) a = ____ Requirements:
Mu = f 0.85 fc' ab (d-a/2) Solve fo r min = 1.4 / fy and compare with As Mu = f As fy (d-a/2) 1. Two or more spans
bw d
2. Loads are uniformly distributed
a = _______
If As > r min , design is OK! Verify if steel yields(this may not be necessary) 3. Beams or slabs are prismatic
bw d
T=C c = a / b1 fs = 600 (d-c) / c 4. L - S < 20%S
As fy = 0.85 fc' ab
If As < r min , use r = r min(seldom) If fs > fy, steel yields (correct assumption)
5. 1.7 wll < 3.0
As = _______ bw d 1.4 wdl
Note:
L = the average span between adjacent
spans in shear and negative moment
CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 9/20 CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 10/20
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN FORMULAS AND PRINCIPLES BY: NTDEGUMA REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN FORMULAS AND PRINCIPLES BY: NTDEGUMA
CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 11/20 CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 12/20
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN FORMULAS AND PRINCIPLES BY: NTDEGUMA REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN FORMULAS AND PRINCIPLES BY: NTDEGUMA
where:
Axially loaded (Neglect the effect of moment) pc
e
Pn b = bending
s = sidesway
Pu = f 0.80 Ag [0.85fc'(1- rg )+ rg fy)] d = moment magnification factor
b
As As'
Moment Magnifiers
0.85fc'
Pu = f 0.85 Ag [0.85fc'(1- rg )+ rg fy)] d T1 T2 Cm
where:
db = > 1.0
C1' C2' Pn - nominal load cap.of column at 1 - Pu
0.85fc'
C ex and ey f Pc
es1 Pno - nominal load cap.of column at
3. e min < e < eb T es2 e=0
C C'
Cm
es'1 es'2 Pnx - nominal load cap.of ds = > 1.0
Pu a
ec ey and ex 1 - S Pu
e
c
Pny - nominal load cap.of column at fS Pc
Eccentrically loaded d-c c e & e =0
c.g.
Consider effect of moment es
emin es'
Failure by crushing of concrete
SLENDER COLUMNS
d'
fs' = fy Cm = 0.60 + 0.40 M1/M2 > 0.40
d-c c A. Columns braced against sidesway
fs < fy
4. e = e b (for braced without transversed loads)
Gross Steel Ratio: 1. When Klu/r < 34 -12 M1 /M 2 , column is short.
Pu rg = (As + As') / Ag 2. When Klu/r > 34 -12 M 1 /M 2 , column is slender. Cm = 1.0 (for all other cases)
e
Eccentrically loaded Ag = bh B. Unbraced Columns M1 /M 2 = smaller end moment
c.g. 1. When Klu/r < 22, column is short. bigger end moment
eb Consider effect of moment Mn = Pn (e)
2. When Klu/r > 22, column is slender. where: = + for single curvature
fs' = fy Mu = f Mn = - for double curvature
fs = fy
Effective length factor, k
Mn = nominal moment Condition Value of k
5. e b < e
Mu = ultimate moment pinned at both ends 1.0
Pu
e
Eccentrically loaded
fixed at both ends
fixed at one end, pinned at the other
0.5
0.7 Pc =
p 2 EI EI =
Ec Ig / 2.5
c.g. Consider effect of moment SHORT ECCENTRICALLY LOADED fixed at one end, free at the other 2.0 (Klu) 2 1 +bd
eb k 1.0 for braced frames, no sidesway
Failure initiated by yielding ROUND COLUMNS k > 1.0 for unbraced frames, with sidesway
of tension steel k = 1.0 for compression members in frames braced against where:
sidesway unless a theoretical analysis shows that a
fs = fy Column Interaction Eqtn: (Homogenous Mat'l.) lesser value can be used.
Ec = 4700 fc' (MPa)
Ig = bh3 /12
6. e b <<< e fa + fbx + fby < 1.0 For slender columns (to consider PD - effect factored axial dead load
Fa Fbx Fby or secondary moment) bd =
factored axial total load
Pu Very large moment and 1. When Mu(A) < Pu(15 + 0.03h), Klu/r = slenderness ratio
e negligible axial load Bresler's Eqtn: (Reinf. Conc.-Composite Mat'l.)
c.g. Column behaves like a use Mu = Pu (15 + 0.03 h) r = 0.30h for rectangular
eb beam
Pn Pn Pn
+ + < 1.0 2. When Mu(A) > Pu(15 + 0.03h), = 0.25D for round column
Pnx Pny Pno
use Mu = Mu(A) Pu = Pdl + Pll
CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 13/20 CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 14/20
REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN FORMULAS AND PRINCIPLES BY: NTDEGUMA REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN FORMULAS AND PRINCIPLES BY: NTDEGUMA
CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION To be safe, Vu act < Vc 15/20 CECC-3 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 16/20