Microelectronic

Circuits
EEE F244
BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus
p ANU GUPTA
 BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

Current Mirror
Reference voltage/ current

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

Requirements

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Characteristics

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Sensitivity

gain

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Sensitivity

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
References

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Passive reference voltage gen.
ckts.
ckts

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Passive reference voltage gen.
ckts.
ckts

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Active references—vgs
referenced
Vref V1 = 3 Vgs
S= 1

Not much gain

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

β = un cox (w/l )

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

 BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

Voltage biasing technique

BJT—Collected to base
feedback biasing

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BJT—Base resistor biasing

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Potential divider bias

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Stability Without Rs

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Stability With Rs

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

• With Rs

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

 BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

Current biasing technique

technique—
Basic current mirror
Resistor divider current
biasing-I technique

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Vgs referenced –2nd technique

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Vgs referenced---3 technique

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

How to generate bias current?
Current mirror
Generate stable Vref directly
Generate stable Iref, use it to generate voltage
Generate stable Iref, and mirror it.

Vref

BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus

MOS CURRENT MIRROR

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Another approach to find
sensitivity
1
gm
v1  vdd
1
v1
R
gm
v1
iout  g m v1

Iout is not independent of variations in Vdd

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
  1 
 g m  1
Vgg    Vdd  Vdd
 1  1  g Rd
Rd  m

 g m 
1  W 
  nCox  Vg  Vt    Vg 2
2
Idd   Vt
2  L 
 Id  Id  Vg
 
 Vdd  Vg  Vdd
 Id 1
 2  Vg  Vt 
 Vdd 1  g m Rd
 Id 
   nCox
W
Vg  Vt  
1
 Vdd  L  1  g m Rd

   nCox
W
Vg  Vt  
1

 L  1    nCox
W
Vg  Vt  Rd
 L 
 Id g 1
 m

 Vdd 1  g m Rd Rd
Vdd  3 V , Rd  1 M , Id  100 uA , Vg  Vt  0 . 2 V
Vdd  Id 3V 1
S Id
    0 . 03
 Vdd
Vdd
Idd 100 uA BITS Pilani,
1 MDeemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
BJT Current mirror

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Generation of a number of constant
currents of various magnitudes

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Current transfer ratio

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Vbe referenced

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BJT---Current mirror biasing

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
 BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

Non Idealities
 Non idealities
idealities—MOS
MOS current mirror
--Current transfer ratio (CTR) never 1

--Rout  less than infinite

λ effect Not flat

--Voltage range loss

At least Needs vdsat voltage
g
--Body effect
loss
Non idealities—BJT Current
Mirror

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

 BITS Pilani
Pilani Campus

End