Technical Engineering collage

Department of petrochemical Engineering

practical of Refinery
Experiment No (2)

Name: Safwan kamal askender

Stage: 3
Subject: petroleum refinery
FOR Dr: Birhad
Date: 18/10/2020

1
Objective:
Sieving is a separation technique based on the difference in particle size.
The sieve is responsible for retaining the larger particles.This test is
performed to determine the percentage of different grain sizes contained
within a soil. The mechanical or sieve analysis is performed to determine
the distribution of the coarser, larger-sized particles.

Introduction:
Most of the things that we come across in our day-to-day life exist as a
mixture of two or more pure substances. We need to separate these pure
substances from the mixture in order to use them individually. For
example, you must have noticed that we don’t use the flour bought from
the vendors directly for cooking chapatti. We use certain separation
techniques in order to separate the flour from the impurities attached to
it.
We generally use sieve plates for the separation of flour from the bran
particles or other impurities. These sieve plates allow the fine flour
particles to pass through the holes of the sieve plate while the bigger
impurities are unable to pass through it and remain on the sieve. This
method of separation of particles from a mixture based on the difference
in size of particles is known as sieving. It uses sieve plates for separation
of coarse particles from finer particles.

Advantages of Sieving
 Sieving is a traditional and a very easy method of separation since it
doesn’t require much of your skills.
 It is a cheap method as the installation cost is very low.
 It takes lesser time in comparison to other methods of separation

Disadvantages of Sieving
Sieving is defined as a method in which two or more components of
different sizes are separated from a mixture on the basis of the difference
in their sizes. Thus, it cannot separate two substances in a mixture which

2
have the same size. For example, it cannot separate a mixture of chalk
powder from flour.

Procedure:
1. Weigh a dry soil sample which should be at least 600gr.
2. Record the weight of the sieves and the pan that will be utilized
during the analysis. Each sieve should be thoroughly cleaned up
before the test.
3. Assemble the sieves in ascending order, placing those with the
larger openings on top. Therefore, the No. 3 sieve should be on top
cause the dimeter 600 mm and the No.2 sieve on the bottom of the
stack.
4. Place the soil sample into the top sieve and place a cap/lid over it.
5. Place the stack in a mechanical shaker and shake for 10 minutes
6. Remove the sieve stack from the shaker and measure the weight of
each sieve and that of the pan placed at the bottom of the stack.

Sieve Diameter Empty Mass of Soil Percent Percent

number sieve sieving retained retained passing
mass &retained(g)
M1
1 4.75mm 563.2 611 47.8 7.97% 92.03
2 1.18mm 518 677 159 26.54% 65.49
3 600mm 486 537.32 51.32 8.55% 56.94
4 300mm 329.1 441 111.9 18.66% 38.28
5 750mm 402 557 155 25.84% 12.44
6 0mm 472.5 547.1 74.65 12.44% 0.0

Total weight sand= 600g

Total of soil retained= 599.67g

Percent retained= (soil retained/total)*100%

Percent passing= 100 – percent retained

Like: 100 – 7.97= 92.03 , then 92.03 – 26.54 = 65.49 ………..

3
Discussion & Conclusion:
For sieving (Grain size particle) experiment we prepare 600g of soil to do
this experiment after 10 min the total soil retain 599.67 actually we lose a
small amount of soil that may be the processing of sieving because soil
contain very small particle and this particle spear in the room and another
reason when the processing is don and we open each sieving specially (0
diameter) because in this sieving we get a very small particle and some of
this dust is spear in the room and the process enough good because we
lost a very small amount which the accuracy equal 99.945% , and this
process require for dry substance .

How many types of sieves are there?

There are two types of sieves: dry test sieves and wet wash test sieves.
Dry test sieves are used when the particles are free-flowing and can pass
through openings with just a shaking or tapping motion.

What is the difference between wet sieve analysis and dry sieve analysis?
Wet sieving is carried out for separating fine grains from coarse grains by
washing the soil specimen on a 75 micron sieve mesh. Dry sieve analysis is
carried out on particles coarser than 75 micron.