‫ براءة ناجي نصر‬: ‫إعداد الطالبة‬

‫ بالل شلبي‬.‫د‬

Back titration

? when we applied back titration .1

a- when the titration reaction is slow . addition of an excess reagent will
.force the reaction to proceed faster

. b- when the titration reaction lacks a good indicator

c- when the analyte is not very stable . addition of excess reagent will
> finish the analyte instantly thus overcoming stability problems

? why we heat up the solution toothpaste with HCL and H2O.2

? And also speed up the reaction

According to the equation, CaCO3 + 2HCl à CaCl2 + CO2 +H2O, after
calcium carbonate reacted with hydrochloric acid, calcium chloride,
carbon dioxide and water were produced. As carbon dioxide can higher
the acidity of the solution, it needs to be eliminated. One way to get rid
of it is to heat up the solution because the high temperature made CO2,
which is in the gas state, float up to the surface of the solution and
. evaporate . we also speeded up the rate of the reaction to occur

Why we used PH.PH indicator in toothpaste back titration .3

? experiment
phenolphthalein indicator we added in the solution to indicate the pH,
starting to turn pink from colorless color; an equivalence point was the
point when the equivalent quantities of acid and base were mixed—in
this case was HCl and NaOH. Normally, we could not see the equivalence
point by our eyes, so the indicator was necessarily used.
Phenolphthalein was an indicator that could indicate the pH in the same
range as the equivalence point. If we choose a right indicator, the
equivalence point and the end point would be very close. Usually,
phenolphthalein turned pink when the pH of the solution was about 8 to
9 or when solution turned basic. It was because phenolphthalein was a
weak acid with colorless and its ion was pink. To turn it to pink, base
should be added to break phenolphthalein apart because when it was
split, its ion showed its color, which is pink. Therefore, the basicity of the
solution came from the base we added to allow the indicator turn pink
. to indicate the pH of that solution

Why didn't get the sample result from the two more time .4
? (for experiment )
because the amount of the toothpaste we added each time was not the
same. Thus, we performed the experiment three times in total and
.calculate the average value later

A2.63 Cr(III) sample will dissolved and analyzed by addition .5

of 5.00ml of 0.0103M EDTA . the excess EDTA required 1.32ml
of 0.0112M Zn(II) . calculate %CrCl3 (FW=158.4mg/mmol) in
. the sample
G of sample =2.63g

V of EDTA = 5ml , M of EDTA=0.0103 M

G of Zn = 0.0112 , V 0f Zn =1.32 ml

Mmol of EDTA taken = mmol of EDTA(cr+3) + mmol of titration (zn+2)

MV(EDTA) = mg/FW + MV

mg/158.4 + 1.32 * 0.0112 = 0.0103*5

Mg CrCl3 = 5.816

CrCl3 = (5.816 mg /2.63*10^3 mg )*100% %

0.221%=
A 0.500 sample containing sodium carbonate .6
(FW=106mg/mmol)was dissolved and analyzed by addition of
50.0ml of 0.100M HCL solution . The excess of HCL required
. 5.6ml of 0.05M NaOH solution

. Find the percentage of Na2CO3 in sample

Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2CO3

HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O

Mmol HCl reacted = mmol HCl taken – mmol HCl titration

Mmol HCl reacted = 2mmol Na2CO3

Mmol HCl titration =mmol NaOH

2mmol Na2CO3 = mmol HCl taken – mmol NaOH

Mmol Na2CO3 =1/2(0.100*50.0 -0.050*5.6)= 2.36 mmol

Mg Na2CO3 = 2.36 mmol * 106mg/mmol = 250mg

Na2CO3 = (250mg/0.500*10^3mg)*100 = 50.0%%