S 1.5 R.C. Frame Procedure

g]kfn ;/sf/
/fli6«o k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0f

l;x+b/af/, sf7df08f}
cfjf; k'glg{df0f sfo{qmd cGt{ut aGg] ejgx?sf]

lgl/If0f tflnd
;q !=% lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d
1
of] ;qsf] cGTodf ;xefuLn] lkNn/ jfnf ejgsf] lgDg s'/f
yfxf kfp5g\ . lg/LIf0fsf] cfjZostf
lg/LIf0f :t/
lg/LIf0f kmf/d eg]{ tl/sf
lg/LIf0f ug]{ tl/sf
lkNn/ jfnf 3/ agfpbf Wofg
lbg'kg]{ s'/fx?
lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 2

lg/LIf0fsf] cfjZostf
gofF aGg] ejgnfO{ e"sDk k|lt/f]wL agfpg .
cg'bfgsf] /sdnfO{ plrt 9+un] k|of]u ug{ .
lgdf{0f eO{;s]sf] ejgnfO{ e"sDk k|lt/f]wL agfpg .
k"g lgdf{0f sfo{qmdnfO{ cema9L k|efjsf/L agfpg .
3
lg/LIf0f :t/
clGtd lg/LIf0f
-lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePkl5_
låtLo lg/LIf0f
-klxnf] 9nfg ePkl5_
k|yd lg/LIf0f
-lKnGy n]an_

lg/LIf0f kmf/dsf] gd'gf
lkn/jfnf æuÆ ju{sf

k|fljlws lg/LIf0f k4lt
Dff6f]sf] kl/If0f
!_ Ps 3g ld6/sf] vf8n vGg] .
@_ vf8n vGbf lgsfn]sf] df6f]n] ;f]lx vf8n k'g]{ .
Dff6f]sf] k|sf/ tn lbOPsf] kl/0ffd af6 yfxf kfOG5 .
Dff6f]sf] k|sf/ kl/0ffd
g/d df6f] vf8n k'g{ df6f] ck{ofKt ePdf
dWod df6f] vf8n k'g{ df6f] l7Ss ePdf
S8f df6f] vf8n k'g{ df6f] al9 ePdf
k|fljlws ;xfos 5 5}g ;+:yf g]kfn ;/sf/ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf- _

tflnd k|fKt 8sdL{ k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 5}g df6f]sf] s8f dWod g/d
k|sf/

k|fljlws lg/LIf0f k4lt - k|yd lg/LIf0f
lgdf{0f :ynsf] rog
Efjgsf] cfsf/ k|sf/ / gfk
lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L
hu
s';L]{ ;tx -l8=lk=l;_ lad
lkn/
7
lkNn/jfnf “u” ju{sf] nflu
v08 @ la:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f
g+ ju{ ljj/0f Go"gtd dfkb08 l6Kk0fL
kfngf ul/Psf]
5 5}g
!= lgdf{0f :ynsf] ef}]ule{{s lr/f k/]sf] 7fpF .
5gf]6 le/fnf] If]q > @)o (!M#, 7f8f]Mt]{;f])
Kflx/f] hfg ;Sg] If]q
GfbLsf] au/ jf l;d;f/ 7fFp
9'Ëf ´g]{ 7fp‘
t/nLs/0f x'g ;Sg] 7fp‘
Dff6f] e/]sf] jf k'?jf df6f] ePsf] :yfg
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf?

x]/]/, ;f]w]/ jf gfk]/
tNnf ;+Vof gfn

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf? kfngf ul/Psf]
5 5}g
\
\
gS;f x]/]/ @= Efjgsf]

cfsf/
tNnf ;+Vof
gfnsf] ;+Vof
ltg tNnf ;Dd l;ldt /fVg' kb{5 .
slDtdf @ b]lv al9df ^
\
\
\
k|sf/ / \ \
;f]w]/, gfk]/ gfn If]qkmn a9Ldf !))) ju{ lkm6 / $ j6f lkn/ larsf]
If]qkmn a9Ldf !#=% ju{ ld6/ \
\
lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d \
9

kfngf ul/Psf]
prfO{ 5 5}g
@= Efjgsf] pmrfO{ a9Ldf !!ld=

cfsf/ k|sf/
/ gfn
prfO{ tNnfsf] Ps tNnfsf] prfO{ @=&% ld =
pmrfO{ b]lv #=#% ld = ;Dd /fVg' kb{5 .
cfsf/ juf{sf/ jf cfoftfsf/

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf? cg'kft a9Ldf nDafO{ rf}8fOsf] # u'0ff
x]/]/ jf gfk]/

lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L
g+ ju{ ljj/0f Go"gtd dfkb08 kfngf l6Kk0fL

ul/Psf]
5 5}g
#= lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L O{§f sd kf]n]sf], clws kf]n]sf] / lr/f gk/]sf] O{§f k|of]u ug'{ x‘'b}g\ . O{§fsf] qml;Ë
alnof]kgf (Crushing Strength ) lgdf{0fsf] nflu #=% Pd=lk=P= x'g'k5{ .
d;nf ! M ^ -! efu l;d]G6 / ^ efu afn'jf_ / $æ uf/f]df ! M $ -! efu l;d]G6 / $
efu afn'jf_
s+lqm6 M @) u|]8 !M !=%M # -! Effu l;d]G6 !=% efu afn'jf / # efu lu§L_
808L fy= $!% MPa/%)) MPa / -!$ Ü nrstf ePsf]_
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf?

x]/]/ jf ;f]w]/
:ynut hfFr u/]/
hldgsf] ;tx hfFr ug]{ tl/sf?
hu
sflnu9 jf 3/ wgLnfO{ ;f]w]/
kmf]6f] pknAw eP kmf]6f] x]/]/
ulx/fO{
gS;f hfFr u/]/
lk=l;=l;=
Ps ;n O§f
Go"gtd dfkb08 jf :jLs[t gS;f cg';f/ v08 @ la:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f
rf}8fO{ Go"gtd l6Kk0fL
g+ ju{ ljj/0f dfkb08 kfngf
ul/Psf]
5 5}g
ulx/fO husf] ulx/fO slDtdf % lkm6
sdhf]/ df6f]df ≥ @=@ dL=,g/d ≥ !=%
s'gf
dL=,dWod ≥ !=@% dL=, s8f≥ !=@ dL=
hu sdhf]/ df6f]df ≥ @=$ dL=,g/d ≥ !=^%
hu cfsf/ cufl8
$= dL=,dWod ≥ !=$ dL=, s8f≥ !=! dL=
sdhf]/ df6f]df≥ # dL=,g/d ≥ @=!
lar
dL=,dWod ≥ !=& dL=, s8f≥ !=% dL=
808L
df]6fO{ larsf]df $)) dL=dL= / aflsdf #)) dL=dL
lad slDtdf (Æ X (Æ sf] $ j6f !@ ld=ld= sf] 808L .

s';L]{ ;tx -l8=lk=l;_ lad
!#%°
(”
l8=lk=l;= lad
(”
hu 6fO{ lad
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???
gS;f hfFr u/]/v08 @ la:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f
Go"gtd dfkb08
kfngf ul/Psf]
g+ ju{ ljj/0f l6Kk0fL
5 5}g
;fdfGo s'/f hdLg ;tx eGbf slDtdf $%) ldld

s';L]{ ;tx - gfk
%= (Æ X (Æ
l8=lk=l;_ lad
808L $ j6f !@ ld=ld=sf] / * ld=ld= sf] l/Ë ^Ædf 13
hf]8fO{ %) k|lt;t eGbf al9 gx'g]u/L / ^) u'0ff vlK6g]ul/

lkn/
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???
H/4
 sflnu9 jf 3/ wgLnfO{ ;f]w]/

H/2 (Zone of main bar overlapping)
 elg{o/ Soflnk/n] gfk]/

!@”
 lkNn/ 9nfg ug'{cl3 808Lsf]
!@” cjnf]g ug]{ .
H/4
 kmf]6f] pknAw eP kmf]6f] x]/]/

 gS;f hfFr u/]/ Go"gtd dfkb08 l6Kk0fL
H/4
g+ ju{ ljj/0f kfngf ul/Psf]

H/2 (Zone of main bar overlapping)
5 5}g
lkn/x? Pp6} nfO{gdf kg]{ u/L /fVg' kb{5 .

gfk !@Æ X !@Æ
^= lkn/ 808L e'O{ / klxnf] tNnfsf] $–!^ ± $–!@ dL=dL / t];|f] tNnfsf] nflu * –!@ dL=dL
H/4
l/Ë 5]p / hf]8fO{df $Æ/ aflsdf ^Æ df * dL=dLsf]

808Lsf] 5]paf6 @ lkm6 5f]8]/ lardf kg]{ u/L,%) k|lt;t eGbf al9 gx'g]u/L / ^) u'0ff vlK6g]ul/
hf]8fO{ hf]8\g' kb{5 .
lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 14 13

cGo
-s_3/sf] sDtLdf rf/j6f kmf]6f]x? lvrL kmf]6f] g+=x? ================
-v_ 3/sf] df]6fdf]6L gSzfM
-u_ b]lvPsf k|fljlws ljj/0fx?sf] ljZn]if0f u/L lgdf{0ffwLg 3/ yk lgdf{0fsf] nflu

:jLsl[t lbg' pko'Qm b]lvG5 <
b]lvG5 b]lvb}g
k|fljlws lg/LIf0faf6 kf; ePsf]n] yk lgdf{0f sfo{ cufl8 a9fpgsf] nflu
tyf bf]>f] ls:tf e"QmfgLsf] nflu k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] 5 .
;'wf//k|jnLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPsf]n] cg';r
" L – ^ cg';f/ ;'wf//k|anLs/0f
cfb]z lbOPsf] 5 .

-3_ hfFrdf b]lvPsf k|ljlws ljj/0fx? 7Ls ;fFrf] 5g\ egL :jLsf/ ug]{
3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL jf k|ltlglwsf] gfd, y/ ============================= x:tfIf/ =============================
k|ltlglwsf] 3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL;+usf] gftf ================================ldlt =================================
-ª_ k|fljlws hfFrsf] ljj/0f :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{M =========================================
MoUD-DLPIUsf] ;'k/Lj]IfsM ===============================================
gfdM ============================================================================kbM ======================================
x:tfIf/M =======================================================================ldltM ===================================
-r_k|fljlws hfFrsf] ljj/0f :jLs[t ug]{
MoUD-DLPIU sf] ;'k/Lj]If0f Ol~hlgo/M============================================
gfdM ======================================================================== kbM ======================================
x:tfIf/M =================================================================== ldltM ===================================

k|fljlws lg/LIf0f k4lt k|yd lg/LIf0f
u_ ;'wf/kl5 3/sf] df]6fdf]6L gSzfM
g]kfn ;/sf/
;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno
========= uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=sf] sfof{no
;'wf/sf] nflu hfgsf/L÷lgb]{zg lbg] kmf/fd
;'wf/÷k|anLs/0f cfb]z tyf lg/LIf0f kmf/fd
æcfjf; k'glg{df0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t aGg] 3/x?sf] lgdf{0f lg/LIf0f sfo{ljlwÆ
cg'?k ldlt ======================== ut], ================================ sf] lgdf{0ffwLg
ejgsf] la:t[t lg/LIf0f kZrft\ lghsf] lgdf{0ffwLg ejg n] 8L=kL=;L=
÷=====================tNNff ÷5fgf tx ;Ddsf] Go"gtd cfjZostf k"/f
gu/]sf] kfOPsf] x'gfn] of] ;'wf/sf] nflu of] lgb]{zgul/Psf] 5 . -3_ b]lvPsf k|fljlws ljj/0fx?sf] ljZn]if0f u/L lgdf{0ffwLg 3/ yk lgdf{0fsf]
nfeu|fxL 3/wgL sf] gfd============================== nflu :jLsl[t lbg' pko'Qm b]lvG5 <b]lvG5 b]lvb}g
;Demf}tf qm= ; ============================================ k|fljlws lg/LIf0faf6 kf; ePsf]n] yk lgdf{0f sfo{ cufl8 a9fpgsf] nflu
gful/stf k|df0fkq gDa/=========================================== tyf  bf]>f]÷t]>f]] ls:tf e"QmfgLsf] nflu k|dfl0ft u/LPsf] 5 .
s_ 3/sf] hf“rsf] nflu lbOPsf] cfj]bgdf ePsf] ljj/0f ;'wf/÷k|jnLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPsf]n] cg';"rL – ^ cg';f/
:jLs[t gSzf–l8hfOg dWo]sf] eP l8hfOg g+=M ======================================= k'gM;'wf/÷k|anLs/0f cfb]z lbOPsf] 5 .
cGo cfˆg} gSzf l8hfOgsf] xsdf -ª_ hfFrdf b]lvPsf k|ljlws ljj/0fx? 7Ls ;fFrf] 5g\ egL :jLsf/ ug]{
uf/f]÷lkn/sf] lsl;d g+=M ========================================================= 3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL jf k|ltlglwsf] gfd, y/ ==================x:tfIf/======================
tnf÷5fgfsf] lsl;d g+=M ========================================================= k|ltlglwsf] 3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL;+usf] gftf =====================ldlt ======================
cGoM ==================================================================================== -r_ k|fljlws hfFrsf] ljj/0f :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{M ==============================
v_ ;'wf/ jf k|jnLs/0fsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f MoUD-DLPIUsf] ;'k/Lj]IfsM ======================================
k|fljlws lg/LIf0fkl5 ;'wf/ jf ;'wf/kl5sf] cj:yf gfdM ========================================================kbM ======================================
k|jnLs/0fsf] nflu lbOPsf] lgb]z
{ g x:tfIf/M ===================================================ldltM ===================================
-5_k|fljlws hfFrsf] ljj/0f :jLs[t ug]{
gfdM =========================================================kbM ======================================
x:tfIf/M ====================================================ldltM ===================================

16
lg/LIf0f kq
lkn/jfnf -s / v ju{ _ 3/sf] k|yd k|fljlws lg/LIf0f
3/wgL÷nfeu|fxLsf] hfgsf/L lg/LIf0f ldlt M ut] - Mdlxgf M - jif{
gfd M cg'bfg ;Demf}tf g+=
7]ufgf M lhNnfMuf=lj=;=÷g=kf=M j8fM6f]nM hUufsf] lsQf g+=M
v08 –! M3/sf] hfrFsf] nflu lbOPsf] cfj]bgdf ePsf] ljj/0f
:jLs[t gSzf–l8hfOg dWo]sf] eP l8hfOg g+=M
olb cfˆg} gSzf l8hfOg eP cg'bfg lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L / k|ljlw

;Demf}tfdf lsl;d eg]{ 5fgf / ;fdfu|Lsf] lgdf{0f
k|fljlws ;xfos □5 □5}g ;+:yf □g]kfn ;/sf/□u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf
tflnd k|fKt 8sdL{ k|of]u ul/Psf] □5 □5}g df6f]sf] k|sf/ □s8f□dWod□g/d
v08 –@ M lj:t[t k|ljlws ljj/0f
3/ gS;f kf;
g+ ju{ ljj/0f cg';f/ ul/Psf] l6Kk0fL
5 5}g
ef}]ule{{s lr/f k/]sf] 7fpF . □ □
le/fnf] If]q > @)o □ □
Kflx/f] hfg ;Sg] If]q □ □
! lgdf{0f :ynsf] GfbLsf] au/ jf l;d;f/ 7fpF □ □
5gf]6 9'Ëf ´g]{ 7fp‘ □ □
t/nLs/0f x'g ;Sg] 7fp‘ □ □
Dff6f] e/]sf] jf k'?jf df6f] ePsf] :yfg □ □
gfnsf] ;+Vof □ □
If]qkmn □ □
Efjgsf] cfsf/ cfsf/ □ □
@
k|sf/ / gfk nDafO{ □ □
rf}8fO{ □ □
d;nf □ □
# lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L s+lqm6 □ □
808L
k|sf/
ulx/fO
□
□
□
□
□
□
lkNn/jfnf “s” /
“v” ju{sf] nflu
gfk □ □
$ Hu
808L □ □
df]6fO{ □ □
6fO{ lad □ □
prfO{ □ □
gfk □ □
^ s';L]{ ;tx lad
808L □ □
hf]8fO{ □ □
gfk □ □
808L □ □
& lkn/
l/Ë □ □ 18
lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d hf]8fO{ □ □
låtLo lg/LIf0f
lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L
lkn/
lad
lad / lkn/sf] hf]lg{
u}/;+/rgfTds uf/f]
ˆnf]/

lg/LIf0f kmf/dsf] gd'gf
låtLo lg/LIf0f

k|fljlws lg/LIf0f k4lt - låtLo lg/LIf0f
lkNn/jfnf “u” ju{sf] nflu
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf? ju{ ljj/0f

Go"gtd
dfkb08 kfngf
l6Kk0fL
ul/Psf]
x]/]/ jf gfk]/ 5 5}g
tNnf ;+Vof a9Ldf ltg tNnf
gfnsf]
slDtdf @ b]lv al9df ^
;+Vof
If]qkmn a9Ldf !))) ju{ lkm6
If]qkmn / $ j6f lkn/ larsf] If]qkmn
Efjgsf]
a9Ldf !#=% ju{ ld6/
cfsf/
k|sf/ / pmrfO{ a9Ldf !! ld=
gfk
tnfsf] a9Ldf Ps tnfsf] prfO{ @=&%
pmrfO{ ld = b]lv #=#% ld =
cfsf/ juf{sf/ jf cfoftfsf/
cg'kft a9Ldf nDafO{ rf}8fOsf] # u'0ff
21
lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L

kfngf ul/Psf]
5 5}g
#= lgdf{0f O{§f sd kf]n]sf], clws kf]n]sf] / lr/f gk/]sf] O{§f k|of]u ug'{ x‘'b}g\ . O{§fsf] qml;Ë alnof]kgf
;fdfu|L (Crushing Strength ) lgdf{0fsf] nflu #=% Pd=lk=P= x'g'k5{ .
d;nf ! M ^ -! efu l;d]G6 / ^ efu afn'jf_ / ! M $ -! efu l;d]G6 / $ efu afn'jf_
s+lqm6 M @) u|]8 !M !=%M # -! Effu l;d]G6 !=% efu afn'jf / # efu lu§L_
808L fy= $!% MPa/ %)) MPa / -!$ Ü nrstf ePsf]_
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

x]/]/
22
lkn/
Go"gtd dfkb08
l6Kk0fL
5 5}g
Pp6} nfO{gdf kg]{ u/L

5f]6f] lkNn/
gfk !@Æ X !@Æ
$= lkn/ 808L e'O{ / klxnf] tnfsf] $–!^ ± $–!@ dL=dL / t];|f] tnfsf] nflu * –!@ dL=dL
l/Ë 5]p / hf]8fO{df $Æ/ aflsdf ^Æ df * dL=dLsf]
808Lsf] hf]8fO{ 5]paf6 @ lkm6 5f]8]/ lardf kg]{ u/L,%) k|lt;t eGbf al9 gx'g]u/L / ^) u'0ff vlK6g]ul/
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

gS;f hfFr u/]/
23
lad
nDafO{
)=@% nDafO{ )=@% nDafO{
l/Ësf] b'l/ Ps}gfz ePsf]

)=!% nDafO{ l/Ë @!%) ld=ld= )=!% nDafO{
l/Ë @!)) ld=ld= l/Ë @!)) ld=ld=
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

 gfk]/ yfxf kfpg ;lsG5
OG8 lad OG6/d]l8P6 lad OG8 lad
 lad 9nfg ug'{cl3
808Lsf] cjnf]g ug]{ . v08 @ la:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f
 dxfgu/kflnsf jf
Go"gtd dfkb08
l6Kk0fL
5 5}g
gu/kflnsfsf] xsdf ladx?sf] hf]lg{ lkn/ ePsf] :yfgdfg} kfg]{ / ;a} lkn/nfO{ hf]9\g]
gfk lad (Æ X !$Æ sf] / lkn/sf] eGbf sd x'g' kb{5 .
:jLs[t gS;f hfFr ug]{ / &= lad

808L
sflnu9nfO{ ;f]Wg] . l/Ë 5]p / hf]8fO{df $Æ/ aflsdf ^Æ df * dL=dLsf]

808Lsf] dflysf] 808LnfO{ lardf hf]8\g] / tnsf] 808LnfO{ 5]paf6
hf]8fO{ @ lkm6 5f]8]/ lardf gkg]{ u/L / ^) u'0ff vlK6g]ul/

c
lad / lkn/sf] hf]lg
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

 gfk]/ yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 .
 lad 9nfg ug'{cl3 808Lsf] cjnf]g ug]{ .
 dxfgu/kflnsf jf gu/kflnsfsf] xsdf :jLs[t
gS;f hfFr ug]{ / sflnu9nfO{ ;f]Wg] .
Go"gtd dfkb08
g+ ju{ ljj/0f kfngf ul/Psf] l6Kk0fL
5 5}g
ladnfO{ lkn/eGbf ;fgf] agfpmg]

lad /
(= ladsf] dflysf] 808LnfO{ tn / tnsf] 808LnfO{ dfly kmsf{P/ ^)
lkn/sf] hf]lg{
df]6fO{ k'Ug] ul/ lkn/df l5/fpg' kb{5 .
hf]lg{df slDtdf @ j6f l/Ë /fVg' kb{5 .

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf u}/;+/rgfTds uf/f]
x]/]/ / gfk]/ yfxf kfpg] .
k§Ldf /flvPsf] 808Lsf] ljj/0f lnG6]n k§L
sflnu9nfO{ ;f]w]/ yfxf kfpg] jf l;n k§L
kmf]6f] pknAw eP kmf]6f] x]/]/ yfxf kfpg].
Go"gtd dfkb08
l6Kk0fL
5 5}g
uf/f] b'a} lbzfdf a/fa/ ldnfP/ nufpg' kb{5 .
3G6L ldnfP/ l;wf 7f8f] x'g] u/L nufpg'k5{ .
7f8f] hf]lg Pp6} ;Lwf /]vfdf gkf/L hf]lg{x/mnfO{ 5n]/ nufpg'k5{ .
df]6fO{(“ df]6fO @#) ld=ld= jf !!) ld=ld=
u}/;+/rgfTds
!)= hf]gL{ !) ldld b]lv @) ldld
uf/f]
l;n k§L Go"gtd df]6fO &% ldld x'G5 / * ld= ld= sf] @ j6f
#”
Efm\ofn d'lgsf] k§L 808L / lkn/;+u afFWg]

lnG6]n k§L
Go"gtd df]6fO &% ldld x'G5 / * ld= ld= sf] @ j6f
@- * ld=ld= Φ Efm\ofn 9f]sf
808L / lkn/;+u afFWg]
dflysf] k§L
808Lsf] ljj/0f
kmnf]/÷5fgf
hfFr ug]{ tl/sf
gfk]/ jf x]/]/ yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 .
9nfg ug'{cl3 808Lsf] cjnf]g ug]{ .
dxfgu/kflnsf jf gu/kflnsfsf]
xsdf :jLs[t gS;f hfFr ug]{ /
sflnu9nfO{ ;f]Wg] .
Go"gtd dfkb08
l6Kk0fL
5 5}g
n]an leGg leGg n]andf 5fgf g/fVg] .
vfln efu a9Ldf @% k|ltzt
* Kf–nf]/÷5fgf gfk sDtLdf !@% ld=ld= df]6fO{
808L slDtdf * ld=ld= sf] 808L ^Æ sf] km/sdf
5f]kfO{ slDtdf !% ld=ld=
5Hhf a9Ldf lkn/sf] s]+Gb| /]vf af6 ! ld=

cGo
-s_3/sf] sDtLdf rf/j6f kmf]6f]x? lvrL kmf]6f] g+=x? ================
-v_ 3/sf] df]6fdf]6L gSzfM
-u_ b]lvPsf k|fljlws ljj/0fx?sf] ljZn]if0f u/L lgdf{0ffwLg 3/ yk lgdf{0fsf] nflu

:jLsl[t lbg' pko'Qm b]lvG5 <
b]lvG5 b]lvb}g
k|fljlws lg/LIf0faf6 kf; ePsf]n] yk lgdf{0f sfo{ cufl8 a9fpgsf] nflu
tyf bf]>f] ls:tf e"QmfgLsf] nflu k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] 5 .
;'wf//k|jnLs/0f ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPsf]n] cg';r
" L – ^ cg';f/ ;'wf//k|anLs/0f
cfb]z lbOPsf] 5 .

-3_ hfFrdf b]lvPsf k|ljlws ljj/0fx? 7Ls ;fFrf] 5g\ egL :jLsf/ ug]{
3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL jf k|ltlglwsf] gfd, y/ ============================= x:tfIf/ =============================
k|ltlglwsf] 3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL;+usf] gftf ================================ldlt =================================
-ª_ k|fljlws hfFrsf] ljj/0f :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{M =========================================
MoUD-DLPIUsf] ;'k/Lj]IfsM ===============================================
gfdM ============================================================================kbM ======================================
x:tfIf/M =======================================================================ldltM ===================================
-r_k|fljlws hfFrsf] ljj/0f :jLs[t ug]{
gfdM ======================================================================== kbM ======================================
x:tfIf/M =================================================================== ldltM ===================================

3/ gS;f kf; cg';f/ ul/Psf]
5 5}g
tNnf ;+Vof □ □
If]qkmn □ □
Efjgsf] cfsf/ k|sf/ s'n pmrfO{ □ □
!
/ gfk tnfsf] pmrfO{ □ □
cfsf/ □ □
nDafO{ □ □
rf}8fO{ □ □
d;nf □ □
@ lgdf{0f ;fdfuL| s+lqm6 □ □
808L □ □
Pp6} nfO{gdf kg]{ u/L □ □
5f]6f] lkn/ □ □
gfk □ □
# lkn/
808L □ □
l/Ë □ □
hf]8fO{ □ □
:yfg □ □
gfk □ □
$ lad 808L □ □
l/Ë □ □
hf]8fO{ □ □
ladnfO{ lkn/eGbf ;fgf] agfpmg' k5{ □ □
% lad / lkn/sf] hf]lg{ hf]8fO{ □ □
l/Ë □ □
□ □
lkNn/jfnf “s” /
uf/f]sf] :yfg
3G6L ldnfP/ l;wf 7f8f] x'g] u/L
□ □
nufpg'k5{ .
7f8f] hf]lg Pp6} ;Lwf /]vfdf gkf/L
“v” ju{sf] nflu

□ □
^ u}/;+/rgfTds uf/f] hf]lg{x/mnfO{ 5n]/ nufpg]
df]6fO{ □ □
hf]lg{ □ □
l;n k§L □ □
lnG6]n k§L □ □
n]an □ □
vfln efu □ □
gfk □ □
& ˆnf]/
808L □ □ 30
□ □
lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 5f]kfO{
g]kfn ;/sf/
{ g x:tfIf/M ===================================================ldltM ===================================
gfdM =========================================================kbM ======================================
x:tfIf/M ====================================================ldltM ===================================

16
k|fljlws lg/LIf0f k4lt - clGtd lg/LIf0f
lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L
lkn/
lad
lad / lkn/sf] hf]lg{
u}/;+/rgfTds uf/f]
ˆnf]/÷5fgf

lkn/jfnf æuÆ ju{

3/ gS;f kf; cg';f/ ul/Psf]
5 5}g
tNnf ;+Vof □ □
If]qkmn □ □
Efjgsf] cfsf/ k|sf/ s'n pmrfO{ □ □
!
/ gfk tnfsf] pmrfO{ □ □
cfsf/ □ □
nDafO{ □ □
rf}8fO{ □ □
d;nf □ □
@ lgdf{0f ;fdfuL| s+lqm6 □ □
808L □ □
Pp6} nfO{gdf kg]{ u/L □ □
5f]6f] lkn/ □ □
gfk □ □
# lkn/
808L □ □
l/Ë □ □
hf]8fO{ □ □
:yfg □ □
gfk □ □
$ lad 808L □ □
l/Ë □ □
hf]8fO{ □ □
ladnfO{ lkn/eGbf ;fgf] agfpmg' k5{ □ □
% lad / lkn/sf] hf]lg{ hf]8fO{ □ □
l/Ë □ □
□ □
lkNn/jfnf “s” /
uf/f]sf] :yfg
3G6L ldnfP/ l;wf 7f8f] x'g] u/L
□ □
nufpg'k5{ .
7f8f] hf]lg Pp6} ;Lwf /]vfdf gkf/L
“v” ju{sf] nflu

□ □
^ u}/;+/rgfTds uf/f] hf]lg{x/mnfO{ 5n]/ nufpg]
df]6fO{ □ □
hf]lg{ □ □
l;n k§L □ □
lnG6]n k§L □ □
n]an □ □
vfln efu □ □
gfk □ □
& ˆnf]/
808L □ □ 34
□ □
lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 5f]kfO{
g]kfn ;/sf/
{ g x:tfIf/M ===================================================ldltM ===================================
gfdM =========================================================kbM ======================================
x:tfIf/M ====================================================ldltM ===================================

16
lgdf{0f ;DkGg k|df0fkq
g]kfn ;/sf/
lgdf{0f ;DkGg k|df0fkq
æcfjf; k'glg{df0f sfo{qmd cGtu{t aGg] 3/x?sf] lgdf{0f lg/LIf0f sfo{ljlwÆ cg'?k ldlt
======================== ut], ================================ sf] lgdf{0ffwLg ejgsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ clGtd
k|fljlws lg/LIf0f ;d]t ;DkGg eO{ k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf]n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] nfeu|fxLnfO{ of] lgdf{0f
;DkGg k|df0f–kq k|bfg u/LPsf] 5 .
nfeu|fxL 3/wgL sf] gfdM =================================================================
;Demf}tf qm=;+=M ============================================ lg/LIf0f k|df0f–kq g+=M ========================================
lg:;f gDa/M ==============================================
gful/stf k|df0fkq gDa/M ===========================================
3/sf] hf“rsf] nflu lbOPsf] cfj]bgdf ePsf] ljj/0f
:jLs[t gSzf–l8hfOg dWo]sf] eP l8hfOg g+=M =======================================
cGo cfˆg} gSzf l8hfOgsf] xsdf
uf/f]÷lkn/sf] lsl;d g+=M =========================================================
tnf÷5fgfsf] lsl;d g+=M =========================================================
cGoM ====================================================================================
k|fljlws hf“r ug]{ 6f]nLsf]

k|d'v ======================================================= kbM ================================
k|d'vsf] x:tfIf/ ======================================== ;b:o ========================== ldltM ===========================
hf“rdf b]lvPsf k|ljlws ljj/0fx? 7Ls ;f“rf] 5g\ egL :jLsf/ ug]{
3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL jf k|ltlglwsf] gfd, y/ ===============================================
x:tfIf/ =============================
k|ltlglwsf] 3/wgL÷nfeu|fxL;+usf] gftf ==============================================
ldlt =================================
lgdf{0f ;DkGg k|df0fkq hf/L ug]{
clwsf/Lsf] gfdM ===============================================================================
kbM ======================================================================
x:tfIf/M ======================================================ldltM======================================================

lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 3/x?sf] ljj/0f
g]kfn ;/sf/
lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 3/x?sf] k|fljlws ljj/0f k|ltj]bg
lhNnfM =======================================================================
uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=M ===========================================================
j8f g+=M ===========================
qm=;+= nfeu|fxLsf] gfd cg'bfg ;Demf}tf g+= 3/sf] k|sf/ lgdf{0f ;DkGg eO{ k|df0fkq
hf/L ldlt
k|fljlws ljj/0f k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{

k|fljlwsf] gfdM ===============================================================
kbM ===============================================================
x:tfIf/M ===============================================================
ldltM ===============================================================
k|dfl0ft ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] gfd ===============================================================

kbM ===============================================================
x:tfIf/M ===============================================================
ldltM ===============================================================

wGojfb

S 1.5 R.C. Frame Procedure

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S 1.5 R.C. Frame Procedure

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g]kfn ;/sf/

/fli6«o k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0f

cfjf; k'glg{df0f sfo{qmd cGt{ut aGg] ejgx?sf]

;q !=% lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 2

gofF aGg] ejgnfO{ e"sDk k|lt/f]wL agfpg .

cg'bfgsf] /sdnfO{ plrt 9+un] k|of]u ug{ .

lgdf{0f eO{;s]sf] ejgnfO{ e"sDk k|lt/f]wL agfpg .

k"g lgdf{0f sfo{qmdnfO{ cema9L k|efjsf/L agfpg .

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 4

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 5

k|fljlws ;xfos 5 5}g ;+:yf g]kfn ;/sf/ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf- _

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 6

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf?

v08 @ la:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f

g+ ju{ ljj/0f Go"gtd dfkb08 l6Kk0fL

gS;f x]/]/ @= Efjgsf]

v08 @ la:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f

g+ ju{ ljj/0f Go"gtd dfkb08 l6Kk0fL

@= Efjgsf] pmrfO{ a9Ldf !!ld=

cfsf/ juf{sf/ jf cfoftfsf/

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 10

v08 @ la:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0f

g+ ju{ ljj/0f Go"gtd dfkb08 kfngf l6Kk0fL

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf?

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 12

;fdfGo s'/f hdLg ;tx eGbf slDtdf $%) ldld

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 12

 sflnu9 jf 3/ wgLnfO{ ;f]w]/

 elg{o/ Soflnk/n] gfk]/

 kmf]6f] pknAw eP kmf]6f] x]/]/

g+ ju{ ljj/0f kfngf ul/Psf]

lkn/x? Pp6} nfO{gdf kg]{ u/L /fVg' kb{5 .

l/Ë 5]p / hf]8fO{df $Æ/ aflsdf ^Æ df * dL=dLsf]

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 14 13

-u_ b]lvPsf k|fljlws ljj/0fx?sf] ljZn]if0f u/L lgdf{0ffwLg 3/ yk lgdf{0fsf] nflu

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 15 14

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 16 15

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 17

olb cfˆg} gSzf l8hfOg eP cg'bfg lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L / k|ljlw

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 19

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 20

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf? ju{ ljj/0f

cg'kft a9Ldf nDafO{ rf}8fOsf] # u'0ff

g+ ju{ ljj/0f Go"gtd dfkb08 l6Kk0fL

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

Pp6} nfO{gdf kg]{ u/L

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

l/Ësf] b'l/ Ps}gfz ePsf]

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

:jLs[t gS;f hfFr ug]{ / &= lad

sflnu9nfO{ ;f]Wg] . l/Ë 5]p / hf]8fO{df $Æ/ aflsdf ^Æ df * dL=dLsf]

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 24

hfFr ug]{ tl/sf ???

ladnfO{ lkn/eGbf ;fgf] agfpmg]

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 25

Efm\ofn d'lgsf] k§L 808L / lkn/;+u afFWg]

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 27

-u_ b]lvPsf k|fljlws ljj/0fx?sf] ljZn]if0f u/L lgdf{0ffwLg 3/ yk lgdf{0fsf] nflu

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 28 14

lkNN/ jfnf ejgsf] k|fjlws lgl/If0f kålt / kmf/d 29 15

“v” ju{sf] nflu