PRACTICAL

Group No. /
MACKINTOSH PROBE TEST
Section

G2/S2

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

BNP 20303 HIGHWAY TECH. & TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

LABORATORY INSTRUCTION SHEETS

EXPERIMENT NO.
EXP 1

TITLE AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE (AIV)

DATE OF LABWORK 18/10/2020

MATRIX
NAME NO.
NAMA NO.
MATRIK
1.NIK HAFIZ BIN NIK ABDUL MAJID@NIK CN180015
ABDUL RASHID
2.SITI NUR NAJAH NAZIHAH BINTI AN180036
GROUP MEMBERS
MOHAMAD JEFFERYDIN
3.SITI NOR KHURAIRAH BINTI SUHAIMI AN180064

4.PRESIDA ANAK JETI AN180139

5.TIN ENG SING AN180291

1.PUAN NOOR KHAZANAH BINTI A RAHMAN

LECTURER / INSTRUCTOR
2.TS.NUR FAEZAH BINTI YAHYA

RECEIVED DATE AND STAMP

TOTAL MARK
(FROM RUBRIC ASSESSMENT)
 PRACTICAL
MACKINTOSH PROBE TEST

STUDENT CODE OF ETHICS

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

I hereby declare that I have prepared this report with my own efforts. I also admit to not accept or provide any
assistance in preparing this report and anything that is in it is true.

1) Group Leader (Signature)

Name : NIK HAFIZ BIN NIK ABDUL MAJID@NIK ABDUL RASHID

Matrix No. : CN180015

2) Group Member 1 (Signature)

Name : SITI NUR NAJAH NAZIHAH BINTI MOHAMAD JEFFERYDIN

Matrix No : AN180036

3) Group Member 2 (Signature)

Name : SITI NOR KHURAIRAH BINTI SUHAIMI

Matrix No. : AN180064

4) Group Member 3 (Signature)

Name : PRESIDA ANAK JETI

Matrix No. : AN180139

5) Group Member 4 (Signature)

Name : TIN ENG SING

Matrix No. : AN180291
 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

BNP 20303 HIGHWAY TECHNOLOGY AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

LABORATORY RUBRIC ASSESSMENT

CLO 3 Measure the suitable techniques and equipments or tools for solved problems according to standard specification
and safety requirement. [PLO4, P4]

Level of Achievement
Elements Very Week Weak Modest Good Excellent Level Weight Score
1 2 3 4 5
Introduction Background Background Background Background Background
Content knowledge is information is information is information is information may information has the
accurate, relevant and missing or accurate, but overly narrow or contain minor appropriate level of
provides appropriate contains major irrelevant or too overly general omissions or specificity to
P2 2 /10
background for reader inaccuracies. disjointed to (only partially inaccuracies that provide concise
including defining make relevance relevant). do not detract from and useful context
critical terms. clear. the major point of to aid the reader’s
the paper. understanding.
Methodology No materials Some materials Some materials Most materials and All Materials and
Appropriate study and standards and no and no standard relevant standards standards are
area/materials, are listed. standards are are listed. are listed. listed.
method and standard Procedure listed. Procedure is Procedure contains Procedure is P3 3 /15
used are present and section is Poorly explained missing steps most steps and is complete and easy
explained. missing. / indecipherable and difficult to easy to follow. to follow. All steps
follow. are present.
Measurement/ Data All data are Most data are Most data are All data are taken All data are
Analysis missing or missing or correctly taken, but minor data are correctly taken.
Data are summarized incorrect. incorrect. no missing data. incorrect. Well-organized.
in a logical format. Unorganized. Unorganized. Organized. Organized. P5 4 /20
Table or graph types
are appropriate. Data
are properly labelled.
Discussion Alternative Alternative Discussion Discussion of Discussion and
Alternative explanations explanations are addresses some alternatives is analysis of
explanations are are not mentioned but but not all of the reasonably alternatives is
considered and provided. not discussed or alternatives in a complete, uses based on data,
clearly discussed by eliminated. reasonable way. data where complete and
data in a persuasive No related No related possible and persuasive with a
discussion and relate theory. theory. results in at least single clearly P4 5 /25
to relevant theory or some alternatives supported
previous study (add being persuasively explanation
citation) dismissed. remaining by the
Relate explanation end of the
with theory. discussion with
relevant theory.
Conclusion Conclusions Conclusions Conclusions Conclusions are Conclusions are
Conclusion is clearly have no basis have little basis have some clearly and logically completely justified
and logically drawn in data in data provided. direct basis in drawn from and by data.
from data provided. provided. the data, but bounded by the
P2 2 /10
may contain data provided with
some gaps in no gaps in logic.
logic or data or
are overly broad.
References Poor quality 50% according 80% according 100% according 100% according
Follow correct to the format to the format to the format to the format and
P3 2 /10
references well presented
& organized
Report Quality Word usage is The report is not The report has The report is The report is
Grammar, word frequently well written and several grammar written in complete written in complete
usage, referent and confused or contains many and spelling sentences and sentences (except
organization facilitate incorrect. errors in mistakes, and contains no materials section)
the reader’s No references. spelling, many sentence personal pronouns. and contains no
P4 2 /10
understanding of the grammar, and fragments. Most of the personal pronouns.
paper. sentence Limited grammar and Grammar and
structure. references are spelling are correct. spelling are correct.
No references. listed. Most references All references are
are listed. listed.
Total Marks /100
 CONTENT

1.0 OBJECTIVE 1

2.0 INTRODUTION 1

3.0 MATERIAL AND METHODS

3.1 INSTRUMENTS /APPARATUS / CHEMICAL / REAGENTS 2-3

3.2 PROCEDURE 4-5

4.0 RESULT AND CALCULATION 6

5.0 DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 7

6.0 CONCLUSION 7

7.0 REFERENCE 8
1.0 OBJECTIVE

To determine the value of the aggregate effect which gives the punitive measure of
the aggregate resistance to sudden shock or impact The Aggregates Impact Value
(AIV) implement is utilized and this is because which in some aggregates differs from
its resistance to a slow compressive load. The objective of this laboratory test is to
cull tests for characterizing aggregate toughness/abrasion resistance and
durability/soundness that are cognate to the performance of asphalt concrete
pavements.

2.0 INTRODUCTION

Aggregates form the dominant portion of the pavement structure. Have to resist wear
due to caustic action of traffic and bear stresses applies on the roads. Aggregates are
also used in malleable as well as in rigid pavements. Therefore, the properties of
aggregates are of intensively importance to highway.

The aggregates utilized in roads are subjected to physical and chemical actions of
rains and ground water, the contamination in them and that of atmosphere. Thus it is
good that the road stones used in the construction should be sound enough to endure
the weathering action. The property of aggregates to endure the adverse actions of
weather may be called soundness.

Impact due to moving wheel loads, aggregates in the pavement are additionally
subjected. The magnitude of impact increase with roughness of road and celerity of
conveyance. Rigorous impact is mundane when heavily loaded steel tyres
conveyances move on WBM. Thus another desirable property of aggregates is the
resistance to impact or toughness. To determine the Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) of
aggregates the Aggregate Impact Value Testing Apparatus, meets with BS 812, which
provides a relative measure of the resistance of an aggregate to sudden shock or
impact and it is robustly designed.

1
 3.0 MATERIALS AND METHOD

3.1 INSTRUMENTS /APPARATUS / CHEMICAL / REAGENTS

Before we conduct this experiment, in order to achieve the accuracy of the data
obtained we have to ensure that all the apparatus is complete for this experiment.
Below is the list of apparatus that we need to use while conducting the
experiment.

NO APPARATUS DESCRIPTION
1
 It consists of a
cylindrical hammer
of 13.5 kg. (30Ibs)
sliding freely
between two
verticals supports.

 Its fall is
automatically
adjusted to a height
of 38cm.

 There is a brass
plate over which an
open cylindrical
steel cup of internal
diameter 10.2cm
and 5cm depth is
placed and fixed to
the brass plate.

Figure 3.1(a): Impact Testing machine

2
 A cylinder of
internal diameter
7.5cm and 5cm
deep for measure
aggregate.

Figure 3.1(b): Measure

2
3
 1cm diameter and
23cm long rounded at
one end and pointed
at the other end.

Figure 3.1(c): Tamping rod

4 Sieves
 12.5mm, 10mm and
2.36mm opening.

Figure 3.1(d): Sieves

5
 Maximum capacity
5000g.

Figure 3.1(e): Weight balance

6 Laboratory oven
 Maintaining a
constant temperature
up to 1100⁰C.

Figure 3.1(f): Laboratory oven

3
3.2 PROCEDURE

1. The aggregate was sieved by using mesh sieve to obtain the grading
passing through 12.5mm and retained on 10mm sieve.

Figure 3.2(a): The aggregate

2. The cool sample has already been washed and dried at constant
temperature of 1050C to 1100C.

Figure 3.2(b): Sample

3. The aggregate was measured in 3 layers in the cylindrical and aggregates

was tapped with 25 times each layer by using tamping rod.

4. The aggregate was weighted in the measure so that the aggregate can be
used for the next test on the same material.

4
5. The aggregate was transferred from the cylindrical measure to the cup
in 3 layers and each of the layers was compacted by tamping in 25
strokes with the tamping rod.

Figure 3.2(c): Fill the aggregate in the cylindrical measure in 3 layers

6. The hammer was released by freely fall on the aggregate and the sample
was subjected to a total of 15 blows.

Figure 3.2(d):Hammer was released

7. The sample aggregate has been removed from the cup and sieve through
2.36mm sieve.

Figure 3.2(e): The sample has been removed

8. The fraction passing the sieve was weighted.

5
 4.0 RESULT AND CALCULATION

Table 1: The Aggregate Impact Value result.

Sample Weight of Weight before Weight retained Weight passing
cup (gm) crush (gm) 2.36 mm sieve 2.36 mm sieve
(gm) (gm)
A 563.2 318.5 204.3 111.2
B 563.6 326.2 210.1 107.7
Average 322.35 207.20 109.45

Percent Wear (Average) = (weight loss / initial weight) X 100

Percent Wear (Average) = (109.45 / 322.35) X 100
= 33.954%

Percent Wear ( Average )  34%

 Calculations
Average
Weight before crush (gm) = 318.5  326.2 = 322.35 gm
2
Weight retained 2.36mm sieve (gm) = 204.3  210.1 = 207.20 gm
2
Weight passing 2.36mm sieve (gm) = 111.2  107.7 = 109.45 gm
2

6
5.0 ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION

The Aggregate Impact Value test also known as toughness test of aggregate is to
assess the suitability in the road construction on basis of impact value. For this
experiment, two samples were used which is Sample A and B. By using the formula
shown on calculation section, the Aggregate Impact Value calculated as 34%. It is less
than 50% therefore it can be used in the construction. But if it is more than 50% are
bad for the construction. Besides, if the percentage of Aggregate Impact Value is
greater than 35%, it considered bad to used in road construction (refer to Table 2).
Therefore, higher the Aggregate Impact Value lower will be the toughness of the
aggregate.

Table 2: Classification of aggregates using Aggregate Impact Value(Gopal,2009).

Aggregate impact value Classification of aggregate

<20% Exceptionally strong

10-20% Strong

20-30% Satisfactory for road surfacing

>35% Weak for road surfacing

6.0 CONCLUSION

Based on the data experiment, we can say that it is important to test the aggregates in
order to construct the quality pavement for highway construction. Thus, the
percentage of Aggregates Impact Value(AIV) is 34% which is more than requirement
of JKR. The value is not acceptable because it is not in between 20-30% which
classified as satisfactory for road. The lower the value, the higher the strength of the
road surface. On the other hand, the objective is achieved.

7
7.0 REFERENCE

 M.Gopal. (2009). Determine of Aggregate Impact Value - Impact Test on Aggregate.

Retrieved from: https://theconstructor.org/building/building-material/determination-
of-aggregate-impact-value/1355/

 Unacademy Accord. (2017). Aggregate Impact Test | Lect-12 Part -2. Retrieved from:
https://youtu.be/BnjLl2VqQRM

 Aggregate Impact Value Test. By Hong G.woei copyright 2020. Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/33169288/AGGREGATE_IMPACT_VALUE_TEST

APPENDIX

Table 3: JKR Standard Requirement